Cleft Lip
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Craniofacial Abnormalities
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The role of folic acid in oral clefting. (1/686)
The objective of this study is to describe the role of periconceptional folic acid supplementation and assess it's potential in the prevention of foetal abnormalities, and consists of a review of the literature undertaken using an electronic and hand search. This includes research trials and methodology associated with folic acid supplementation. It is recommended that all women planning to conceive should supplement their diet with folic acid in order to prevent abnormalities in neural tube development, particularly if there is a history of a previously affected pregnancy. There is increasing evidence that folic acid supplementation may, in addition, reduce the incidence of oral facial clefting. Further research with multi-disciplinary approaches in biochemistry, genetics, gene/environment interactions, and embryology are indicated. (+info)The incidence of cleft lip and palate deformities in the south-east of Scotland (1971-1990). (2/686)
This retrospective study reports the incidence of infants born with the cleft lip and palate anomaly within the Edinburgh Cleft Units catchment area, between 1 January, 1971, and 31 December, 1990. The importance of accurate data collection for local, regional, and national data bases is discussed with reference to the recent CSAG report on cleft lip and palate services in the UK. Five-hundred-and-two cleft lip and palate patients were identified (291 males, 211 females). The incidence is reported as 1.4 per 1000 live births (1 in 711). Twenty-five per cent of clefts affected the primary palate, 45 per cent affected the secondary palate, and the remaining 30 per cent were clefts of both the primary and secondary palate. Overall, a higher percentage of males were affected (58 per cent males to 42 per cent females). Clefts of the secondary palate, however, were more common in females (56 per cent females to 44 per cent males). Data presented in this study is similar to that previously reported from UK centres. It is suggested the accuracy of the UK cleft lip and palate data collection needs to be improved. Prospective data collection in a standardized format carried out on a national basis has to be a priority as recommended by the CSAG report. (+info)Do you care? A national register for cleft lip and palate patients. (3/686)
The Cleft Palate Index and, more recently, the Craniofacial Anomalies Register--CARE--have been in operation since 1982. This paper summarizes its development and plans for the future. CARE is a multidisciplinary committee involving all specialties involved in the treatment of this group of patients therefore it should and can be well placed to co-ordinate the cleft data arising from these patients. (+info)The many faces and factors of orofacial clefts. (4/686)
Orofacial clefts are congenital structural anomalies of the lip and/or palate that affect approximately 1/1000 live births. Their frequent occurrence as well as their extensive psychological, surgical, speech and dental involvement emphasize the importance of understanding the underlying causes. The etiology of orofacial clefts is complex, including multiple genetic and environmental factors. Rare forms, where they occur as one component of multiple congenital anomaly syndromes, have Mendelian or teratogenic origins; the non-syndromic forms of orofacial clefts are more common and are likely due to secondary gene-environment interactions. Recent advances in both molecular and quantitative approaches have begun to identify the genes responsible for the rare syndromic forms of cleft and have also identified both candidate genes and loci for the more common and complex non-syndromic variants. Animal models, in particular the mouse, have also contributed greatly to an understanding of these disorders. This review describes genes that are involved in orofacial clefts in humans and animal models and explores genetic approaches to identifying additional genes and gene-environment interactions that constitute the many factors of orofacial clefts. (+info)Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and risk of oral clefts in newborns. (5/686)
The results of previous epidemiologic research on the possible association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of oral clefts in offspring have been inconsistent. This may be due in part to methodological limitations, including imprecise measurement of tobacco use, failure to consider etiologic heterogeneity among types of oral clefts, and confounding. This analysis, based on a large case-control study, further evaluated the effect of first trimester maternal smoking on oral facial cleft risk by examining the dose-response relationship according to specific cleft type and according to whether or not additional malformations were present. A number of factors, including dietary and supplemental folate intake and family history of clefts, were evaluated as potential confounders and effect modifiers. Data on 3,774 mothers interviewed between 1976 and 1992 by the Slone Epidemiology Unit Birth Defects Study were used. Study subjects were actively ascertained from sites in areas around Boston, Massachusetts and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; the state of Iowa; and southeastern Ontario, Canada. Cases were infants with isolated defects--cleft lip alone (n = 334), cleft lip and palate (n = 494), or cleft palate alone (n = 244)--and infants with clefts plus (+) additional malformations: cleft lip+ (n = 58), cleft lip and palate+ (n = 140), or cleft palate+ (n = 209). Controls were infants with defects other than clefts, excluding defects possibly associated with maternal cigarette use. There were no associations with maternal smoking for any oral cleft group, except for a positive dose response among infants with cleft lip and palate+ (for light smokers, odds ratio (OR) = 1.09 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.6, 1.9); for moderate smokers, OR = 1.84 (95% CI: 1.2, 2.9); and for heavy smokers, OR = 1.85 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.5), relative to nonsmokers). This finding may be related to the additional malformations rather than to the cleft itself. (+info)A 5-year post-operative review of secondary alveolar bone grafting in the Yorkshire region. (6/686)
The objective of this study was to determine the quality of secondary alveolar bone grafting in the Yorkshire region, and consisted of a retrospective review of patients case notes and radiographs at five surgical units within the Yorkshire region. The subjects were 109 patients who had secondary alveolar bone grafting between 1.9.91. and 31.8.96. The quality of outcome was assessed using a four-point radiographic scale from occlusal radiographs taken at least 3 months post-operatively: Grade 1 = > 75 per cent bony in-fill, Grade 2 = 50-75 per cent bony in-fill, Grade 3 = < 50 per cent bony in-fill, and Grade 4 = no bony bridge. The radiographic assessment scale was assessed for reliability: inter-examiner weighted kappa = 0.622-0.715 and intra-examiner = 0.818-0.943. Grade 1 results were achieved in 63.2 per cent patients receiving orthodontic expansion and in 40 per cent without expansion before grafting. The four-point radiographic scale described is a useful tool in assessing alveolar bone grafting, Orthodontic expansion. (+info)Craniofacial skeletal abnormalities in anomalous calves with clefts of the face. (7/686)
Thirteen anomalous calves with clefts of the face were morphologically examined, and craniofacial skeletons were studied in detail. According to the type and site of the cleft, four groups could be distinguished: median cleft lip and jaw (CLJ); median cleft lip, jaw, and palate (CLJP); lateral CLJ; and cleft palate (CP), including unilateral and bilateral type. Craniofacial skeletal abnormalities were observed in several bones at the roof, wall, and floor of the nasal cavity and at the boundary portion between the nasal and cranial cavities. Fissure formation at the cranial sutures, partial absence of the nasal process of the incisive bone, and opening of the bony palate were characteristic changes in median CLJ and CLJP, lateral CLJ, and CP, respectively. Furthermore, various associated changes were recognized in the median and paramedian skeletal elements of the face and other organs. The morphological changes of craniofacial skeletons with various types of clefts of the face depended on the site and degree of the cleft formation and reflected developmental errors of the facial embryonic segments. These changes would suggest disorders of the correlated development of facial processes and of other fetal organs of the face. For these conditions, etiologically hereditary cases were negative. (+info)Popliteal pterygium syndrome: a clinical study of three families and report of linkage to the Van der Woude syndrome locus on 1q32. (8/686)
Popliteal pterygium syndrome (PPS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, thought to occur with an incidence of approximately 1 in 300 000 live births. The main clinical manifestations are popliteal webbing, cleft lip, cleft palate, lower lip pits, syndactyly, and genital and nail anomalies. This report describes the clinical features in two families with PPS and one isolated case, showing the range of anomalies found both within and between the families. PPS has some features in common with Van der Woude syndrome (VWS), also inherited as an autosomal dominant condition, with cleft lip/palate and, more distinctively, lower lip pits. Although the gene for VWS has not yet been identified, it has been localised to within 1.6 cM in the region 1q32-41. To determine whether PPS and VWS represent allelic forms of the same gene, three families were genotyped for markers flanking and within the critical region. A multipoint lod score of 2.7 was obtained, with no evidence of recombination, supporting the hypothesis that these two disorders are allelic. (+info)Sources:
1. MedlinePlus. (2019). Cleft lip and palate. Retrieved from
2. American Cleft Lip and Palate Association. (n.d.). What is a cleft? Retrieved from
3. Mayo Clinic. (2019). Cleft lip and palate. Retrieved from
4. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. (2019). Cleft Lip and Palate: Background and Treatment. Retrieved from
Surgery is typically required to repair a cleft palate, and may involve the use of bone grafts or other techniques to restore the normal anatomy and function of the mouth. Speech and language therapy may also be necessary to help improve communication skills. In some cases, hearing loss or ear infections may occur as a result of the cleft palate and may require additional treatment.
Benign lip neoplasms include:
1. Lipoma: a benign tumor composed of fat cells that is usually slow-growing and painless.
2. Pyogenic granuloma: a benign growth caused by an overgrowth of capillaries and inflammatory cells in response to trauma or irritation.
3. Sebaceous gland hyperplasia: an enlargement of the sebaceous glands on the lips, which can cause a soft, keratinized nodule.
Malignant lip neoplasms include:
1. Squamous cell carcinoma: the most common type of malignant lip tumor, which arises from the squamous cells that line the surface of the lips.
2. Basal cell carcinoma: a slow-growing malignancy that originates in the basal cells of the epidermis.
3. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a rare, aggressive malignancy that usually affects the minor salivary glands of the lips.
4. Melanoma: a rare and highly aggressive malignancy that arises from the pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) in the skin.
The diagnosis of lip neoplasms is based on a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies (such as ultrasound or MRI), and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the neoplasm, but may include surgical excision, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy. Early detection and treatment are important to prevent local tissue damage and potential metastasis.
1. Angular Cheilitis: This is a condition that causes redness, swelling, and cracking at the corners of the mouth. It is often caused by poor fitting dentures, mouth breathing, or a vitamin deficiency.
2. Cold Sores: These are small, painful blisters that appear on the lips and are caused by the herpes simplex virus.
3. Canker Sores: These are shallow sores that develop on the inner lips and are not contagious. They can be caused by stress, allergies, or a vitamin deficiency.
4. Chapped Lips: This is a common condition that can be caused by dry weather, over-licking, or using harsh lip products.
5. Lip Frenulum: This is a condition where the tissue under the upper lip is too short, causing the lip to pull back and create a gap between the front teeth.
6. Oral Lichen Planus: This is an autoimmune condition that can cause painless purple or red patches on the lips.
7. Mucous Cysts: These are small, fluid-filled bumps that can develop under the skin of the lower lip. They are usually harmless but can become inflamed or infected.
8. Pyogenic Granuloma: This is a type of growth that can occur on the lips and is caused by a bacterial infection. It can be treated with antibiotics.
9. Seborrheic Keratosis: This is a benign growth that can appear as a rough, scaly patch on the lips. It is usually harmless but can be removed for cosmetic reasons.
10. Oral Cancer: This is a serious condition that can affect any part of the mouth, including the lips. It is important to see a dentist or doctor if there are any unusual changes in the appearance of the lips or mouth.
Some examples of multiple abnormalities include:
1. Multiple chronic conditions: An individual may have multiple chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, and heart disease, which can affect their quality of life and increase their risk of complications.
2. Congenital anomalies: Some individuals may be born with multiple physical abnormalities or birth defects, such as heart defects, limb abnormalities, or facial deformities.
3. Mental health disorders: Individuals may experience multiple mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder, which can impact their cognitive functioning and daily life.
4. Neurological conditions: Some individuals may have multiple neurological conditions, such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, which can affect their cognitive and physical functioning.
5. Genetic disorders: Individuals with genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome or Turner syndrome, may experience a range of physical and developmental abnormalities.
The term "multiple abnormalities" is often used in medical research and clinical practice to describe individuals who have complex health needs and require comprehensive care. It is important for healthcare providers to recognize and address the multiple needs of these individuals to improve their overall health outcomes.
Some common types of mouth abnormalities include:
1. Teeth abnormalities: These can range from simple irregularities, such as crowded or crooked teeth, to more complex conditions like dental hypoplasia (underdeveloped teeth) or ectodermal dysplasia (a group of genetic disorders that affect the development of the teeth, hair, and other structures).
2. Gum abnormalities: Gingival hyperplasia (enlarged gums) or gingival recession (exposed roots of the teeth) can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor oral hygiene, smoking, or certain medical conditions.
3. Tongue abnormalities: tongue-tie (ankyloglossia), where the tongue is attached to the floor of the mouth by a piece of tissue, can make it difficult to speak or eat. Other tongue abnormalities include geographic tongue (characterized by irregular patches on the surface of the tongue) and hairy tongue (where the papillae on the surface of the tongue are longer than normal).
4. Lip abnormalities: Cleft lip and palate, where the tissue in the mouth fails to properly close during fetal development, is a common congenital condition that can be surgically corrected. Other lip abnormalities include oral mucosal lesions (such as canker sores or cold sores) and lip tie (where the upper lip is attached to the gum above the front teeth).
5. Other soft tissue abnormalities: These can include frenulum (a thin piece of tissue connecting the tongue to the floor of the mouth), bumps or masses on the lips or tongue, and excessive saliva production (known as hypersalivation).
These are just a few examples of mouth abnormalities. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and can range from observation and monitoring to surgery, medication, or other interventions. If you suspect that your pet has a mouth abnormality, it's important to consult with a veterinarian as soon as possible for proper diagnosis and treatment.
In this definition, we have used the following medical terms:
* Anodontia: This term refers to the absence of teeth. It is derived from the Greek words 'ano' meaning without, and 'dont' meaning tooth.
* Genetic: This term refers to something that is inherited or passed down through genes.
* Environmental: This term refers to factors that are external to the body, such as exposure to radiation or certain drugs during pregnancy.
Overall, anodontia is a rare condition that can be caused by a variety of factors, and it can have significant impacts on an individual's quality of life.
1. Congenital abnormalities: These are present at birth and may be caused by genetic factors or environmental influences during fetal development. Examples include hypodontia (absence of one or more teeth), hyperdontia (extra teeth), or anodontia (absence of all teeth).
2. Acquired abnormalities: These can occur at any time during life, often as a result of trauma, infection, or other conditions. Examples include tooth decay, gum disease, or tooth wear and tear.
3. Developmental abnormalities: These occur during the development of teeth and may be caused by genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies, or exposure to certain medications or chemicals. Examples include enamel hypoplasia (thinning of tooth enamel) or peg-shaped teeth.
4. Structural abnormalities: These are irregularities in the shape or structure of teeth, such as anomalies in the size, shape, or position of teeth. Examples include crowded or misaligned teeth, or teeth that do not erupt properly.
5. Dental caries (tooth decay): This is a bacterial infection that causes the breakdown of tooth structure, often leading to cavities and tooth loss if left untreated.
6. Periodontal disease: This is an inflammatory condition that affects the supporting tissues of teeth, including the gums and bone, and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
7. Tooth wear: This refers to the wear and tear of teeth over time, often due to habits such as bruxism (teeth grinding) or acid reflux.
8. Dental anomalies: These are rare, genetic conditions that affect the development and structure of teeth, such as peg-shaped teeth or geminated teeth (two teeth fused together).
These are just a few examples of tooth abnormalities, and there are many more conditions that can affect the health and appearance of teeth. Regular dental check-ups can help detect and address any issues early on to ensure good oral health.
Types of Craniofacial Abnormalities:
1. Cleft lip and palate: A congenital deformity that affects the upper jaw, nose, and mouth.
2. Premature fusion of skull bones: Can result in an abnormally shaped head or face.
3. Distraction osteogenesis: A condition where the bones fail to grow properly, leading to abnormal growth patterns.
4. Facial asymmetry: A condition where one side of the face is smaller or larger than the other.
5. Craniosynostosis: A condition where the skull bones fuse together too early, causing an abnormally shaped head.
6. Micrognathia: A condition where the lower jaw is smaller than normal, which can affect breathing and feeding.
7. Macroglossia: A condition where the tongue is larger than normal, which can cause difficulty swallowing and breathing.
8. Oculofacial dysostosis: A condition that affects the development of the eyes and face.
9. Treacher Collins syndrome: A rare genetic disorder that affects the development of the face, particularly the eyes, ears, and jaw.
Causes of Craniofacial Abnormalities:
1. Genetics: Many craniofacial abnormalities are inherited from one or both parents.
2. Environmental factors: Exposure to certain drugs, alcohol, or infections during pregnancy can increase the risk of craniofacial abnormalities.
3. Premature birth: Babies born prematurely are at a higher risk for craniofacial abnormalities.
4. Trauma: Head injuries or other traumatic events can cause craniofacial abnormalities.
5. Infections: Certain infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis, can cause craniofacial abnormalities.
Treatment of Craniofacial Abnormalities:
1. Surgery: Many craniofacial abnormalities can be treated with surgery to correct the underlying deformity.
2. Orthodontic treatment: Braces or other orthodontic devices can be used to align teeth and improve the appearance of the face.
3. Speech therapy: Certain craniofacial abnormalities, such as micrognathia, can affect speech development. Speech therapy can help improve communication skills.
4. Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to manage symptoms associated with craniofacial abnormalities, such as pain or breathing difficulties.
5. Rehabilitation: Physical therapy and occupational therapy can help individuals with craniofacial abnormalities regain function and mobility after surgery or other treatments.
It is important to note that the treatment of craniofacial abnormalities varies depending on the specific condition and its severity. A healthcare professional, such as a pediatrician, orthodontist, or plastic surgeon, should be consulted for proper diagnosis and treatment.
It is also important to remember that craniofacial abnormalities can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life, affecting their self-esteem, social relationships, and ability to function in daily activities. Therefore, it is essential to provide appropriate support and resources for individuals with these conditions, including psychological counseling, social support groups, and education about the condition.
Congenital Abnormalities are relatively common, and they affect approximately 1 in every 30 children born worldwide. Some of the most common types of Congenital Abnormalities include:
Heart Defects: These are abnormalities that affect the structure or function of the heart. They can range from mild to severe and can be caused by genetics, viral infections, or other factors. Examples include holes in the heart, narrowed valves, and enlarged heart chambers.
Neural Tube Defects: These are abnormalities that affect the brain and spine. They occur when the neural tube, which forms the brain and spine, does not close properly during fetal development. Examples include anencephaly (absence of a major portion of the brain), spina bifida (incomplete closure of the spine), and encephalocele (protrusion of the brain or meninges through a skull defect).
Chromosomal Abnormalities: These are changes in the number or structure of chromosomes that can affect physical and mental development. Examples include Down syndrome (an extra copy of chromosome 21), Turner syndrome (a missing or partially deleted X chromosome), and Klinefelter syndrome (an extra X chromosome).
Other types of Congenital Abnormalities include cleft lip and palate, clubfoot, and polydactyly (extra fingers or toes).
Congenital Abnormalities can be diagnosed before birth through prenatal testing such as ultrasound, blood tests, and amniocentesis. After birth, they can be diagnosed through physical examination, imaging studies, and genetic testing. Treatment for Congenital Abnormalities varies depending on the type and severity of the condition, and may include surgery, medication, and other forms of therapy. In some cases, the abnormality may be minor and may not require any treatment, while in other cases, it may be more severe and may require ongoing medical care throughout the person's life.
Syndactyly is caused by an abnormality during embryonic development, which can be hereditary or due to certain genetic syndromes. It is usually diagnosed at birth and may be detected on physical examination. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI may also be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for syndactyly depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, no treatment may be necessary, while in more severe cases, surgery may be required to separate the joined digits. The goal of surgery is to improve hand or foot function and appearance.
Syndactyly can also occur as a part of other congenital conditions such as polydactyly (extra fingers or toes) or postaxial polydactyly (extra finger on the little finger side). In these cases, treatment may involve a combination of surgery and physical therapy to improve hand or foot function.
In summary, syndactyly is a congenital condition where two or more fingers or toes are joined together by a flap of skin, it can be mild or severe, and treatment may include surgery and/or physical therapy depending on the severity of the condition and other associated congenital conditions.
* Genetic mutations or variations
+ Examples: craniofacial syndromes, such as Turner syndrome
+ Other examples: asymmetrical facial features due to genetic mutations or variations
* Trauma or injuries
+ Examples: facial injuries from accidents or assaults
+ Other examples: facial paralysis or nerve damage due to trauma
* Neurological conditions
+ Examples: Bell's palsy, Moebius syndrome
+ Other examples: other neurological conditions that affect facial muscles or nerves
* Congenital conditions
+ Examples: cleft lip and palate, Down syndrome
+ Other examples: other congenital conditions that affect facial development
Note: The causes of facial asymmetry can be complex and multifactorial, and may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Slide 4: Symptoms of Facial Asymmetry
* Visible unevenness or disproportion of the face
+ May be more noticeable when viewed from the side or front
* Difficulty closing the eyes completely due to uneven eyelids
* Difficulty smiling or expressing emotions due to uneven facial muscles
* Headaches or eye strain due to misalignment of the bones or soft tissues of the face
* Self-esteem issues or body dissatisfaction due to the appearance of the face
Note: The symptoms of facial asymmetry can vary in severity and may not be immediately noticeable to others. However, they can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life and self-esteem.
Slide 5: Diagnosis of Facial Asymmetry
* Physical examination and observation of the face and facial features
+ Measurement of the distance between facial landmarks, such as the eyes, nose, and mouth
+ Assessment of the symmetry of the eyebrows, eyelids, and facial muscles
* Imaging studies, such as CT or MRI scans, may be ordered to evaluate the bones and soft tissues of the face
* 3D imaging technology may be used to create a detailed model of the face and assess its symmetry
Note: A thorough diagnosis of facial asymmetry is important to identify any underlying causes or associated conditions that may need to be addressed.
Slide 6: Treatment of Facial Asymmetry
* Treatment options for facial asymmetry depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition
+ Surgical procedures, such as orthodontic surgery or facial reconstructive surgery, may be necessary to correct any underlying bone or soft tissue abnormalities
+ Non-surgical treatments, such as injectable fillers or Botox, may be used to address unevenness or disproportion of the face
* Treatment may also involve addressing any associated conditions, such as TMJ dysfunction or nasal airway obstruction
* Regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare professional are important to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed
Note: The most appropriate treatment approach for facial asymmetry will depend on the individual case and may involve a combination of surgical and non-surgical techniques.
Slide 7: Facial Asymmetry in Children
* Facial asymmetry can be present at birth or develop later in childhood due to various causes
+ Genetic conditions, such as craniosynostosis or hemifacial spasm, may cause facial asymmetry in children
+ Trauma or injury to the face can also lead to facial asymmetry
* Diagnosis and treatment of facial asymmetry in children is important to ensure proper development and self-esteem
* Treatment options for children may include surgery, orthodontic care, and other interventions depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition
Note: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help ensure proper development and self-esteem in children with facial asymmetry.
Slide 8: Facial Asymmetry in Adults
* Facial asymmetry can occur at any age, but is more common in adults due to various factors such as injury, trauma, or surgery
* Adults may experience facial asymmetry due to conditions such as Bell's palsy, tumors, or craniofacial injuries
* Treatment options for adults may include surgery, physical therapy, and other interventions depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition
* Adults with facial asymmetry may also experience psychological effects such as lowered self-esteem and social anxiety
Note: Facial asymmetry in adults can have a significant impact on quality of life, and early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is important to address both physical and psychological symptoms.
Slide 9: Non-Surgical Treatment Options
* Non-surgical treatment options for facial asymmetry may include:
+ Orthodontic care to align teeth and improve bite
+ Facial exercises to strengthen muscles and improve symmetry
+ Botulinum toxin injections to relax facial muscles and improve symmetry
+ Fillers or injectables to correct facial asymmetry caused by volume loss or tissue deficiency
+ Physical therapy to improve facial muscle function and reduce asymmetry
Note: Non-surgical treatment options can be effective in mild to moderate cases of facial asymmetry, but may not be sufficient for more severe cases.
Slide 10: Surgical Treatment Options
* Surgical treatment options for facial asymmetry may include:
+ Osteotomy (cutting and repositioning of bone) to correct skeletal asymmetry
+ Soft tissue surgery to correct soft tissue asymmetry
+ Facial implants to improve symmetry
+ Fat transfer to augment or restore facial tissues
+ Bone grafting to correct defects or deformities
Note: Surgical treatment options can be effective in severe cases of facial asymmetry, but may be associated with risks such as infection and scarring.
Slide 11: Psychological Impact of Facial Asymmetry
* Facial asymmetry can have a significant psychological impact on individuals, including:
+ Lowered self-esteem and confidence
+ Increased anxiety and stress
+ Difficulty forming relationships or finding employment
+ Feelings of isolation and stigma
Note: The psychological impact of facial asymmetry can be significant, but can be mitigated with appropriate treatment and support.
Slide 12: Conclusion
* Facial asymmetry is a common condition that can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life
* Both surgical and non-surgical treatment options are available for facial asymmetry, depending on the severity of the condition
* A comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional is necessary to determine the appropriate course of treatment for each individual case.
Examples of syndromes include:
1. Down syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 that affects intellectual and physical development.
2. Turner syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by a missing or partially deleted X chromosome that affects physical growth and development in females.
3. Marfan syndrome: A genetic disorder affecting the body's connective tissue, causing tall stature, long limbs, and cardiovascular problems.
4. Alzheimer's disease: A neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, confusion, and changes in personality and behavior.
5. Parkinson's disease: A neurological disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, and difficulty with movement.
6. Klinefelter syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by an extra X chromosome in males, leading to infertility and other physical characteristics.
7. Williams syndrome: A rare genetic disorder caused by a deletion of genetic material on chromosome 7, characterized by cardiovascular problems, developmental delays, and a distinctive facial appearance.
8. Fragile X syndrome: The most common form of inherited intellectual disability, caused by an expansion of a specific gene on the X chromosome.
9. Prader-Willi syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by a defect in the hypothalamus, leading to problems with appetite regulation and obesity.
10. Sjogren's syndrome: An autoimmune disorder that affects the glands that produce tears and saliva, causing dry eyes and mouth.
Syndromes can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment for a syndrome depends on the underlying cause and the specific symptoms and signs presented by the patient.
Oral fistula can be caused by various factors, including:
1. Congenital conditions: Oral fistula can be present at birth due to abnormal development of the mouth and throat.
2. Infections: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can cause inflammation and lead to the formation of an oral fistula.
3. Trauma: Injury to the mouth or throat can cause a fistula to form.
4. Cancer: Malignant tumors in the head and neck region can cause oral fistula.
5. Radiation therapy: Head and neck radiation therapy can damage the tissues and lead to the formation of an oral fistula.
Symptoms of oral fistula may include:
1. Discharge of fluid from the opening
2. Bad breath
3. Difficulty swallowing
4. Pain in the throat or mouth
5. Fever
6. Swelling in the neck
Treatment for an oral fistula depends on the underlying cause and may involve:
1. Antibiotics: To treat any underlying infections.
2. Surgery: To close the opening and repair any damaged tissues.
3. Laser therapy: To remove any infected tissue and promote healing.
4. Radiation therapy: To treat cancerous tumors.
5. Speech therapy: To improve swallowing and communication.
It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as oral fistula can be a sign of a more serious underlying condition.
Some examples of ectodermal dysplasias include:
* Epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a group of rare genetic disorders that cause fragile skin and mucous membranes.
* Ichthyosis, a group of genetic disorders that cause dry, scaly skin.
* Hereditary neurological and muscular atrophy (HNMA), a condition characterized by progressive loss of nerve cells and muscle wasting.
Ectodermal dysplasias can be caused by mutations in genes that are important for ectodermal development, such as genes involved in cell signaling, differentiation, and growth. These disorders can be inherited in an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked manner, depending on the specific gene mutation.
There is no cure for ectodermal dysplasias, but treatment may involve managing symptoms and preventing complications. This can include using protective clothing and devices to prevent skin injury, managing infections and inflammation, and addressing any related psychosocial issues. In some cases, surgery or other procedures may be necessary to correct physical abnormalities or improve function.
Overall, ectodermal dysplasias are a diverse group of rare genetic disorders that can have a significant impact on quality of life. Early diagnosis and intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent complications, and ongoing research is focused on understanding the underlying causes of these disorders and developing new treatments.
Some common types of somatosensory disorders include:
1. Peripheral neuropathy: This is a condition that affects the peripheral nerves outside of the central nervous system. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including diabetes, infections, and certain medications.
2. Neuralgia: This is a chronic pain disorder that is characterized by episodes of intense pain, often accompanied by numbness or tingling.
3. Sensory ataxia: This is a condition that affects the sensory nerves and can cause difficulties with balance, coordination, and spatial awareness.
4. Dystonia: This is a movement disorder that can cause involuntary contractions of muscles, leading to abnormal postures or movements.
5. Restless leg syndrome: This is a condition characterized by an uncomfortable sensation in the legs, often described as a creeping or crawling feeling. It can be accompanied by an urge to move the legs to relieve the discomfort.
6. Paresthesia: This is a condition that causes numbness, tingling, or burning sensations in the skin, often in the hands and feet.
7. Hyperesthesia: This is a condition characterized by an increased sensitivity to touch, temperature, or other sensory stimuli.
8. Hypersensitivity to sound or light: This is a condition where individuals may experience discomfort or pain from ordinary sounds or lights that would not normally cause discomfort.
9. Tactile defensiveness: This is a condition where individuals may have an abnormal aversion to certain textures or sensations, such as the feel of clothing or the taste of certain foods.
10. Sensory processing disorder: This is a condition where the brain has difficulty processing and integrating sensory information from the environment, leading to difficulties with sensory integration and motor planning.
It's important to note that these conditions are not mutually exclusive, and individuals may experience overlapping symptoms or multiple conditions at once. It's also worth noting that these conditions can be present in individuals of all ages, genders, and backgrounds.
The most common symptoms of dental enamel hypoplasia are yellow or brown discoloration of the teeth, sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks, and an increased risk of cavities.
Treatment for dental enamel hypoplasia typically involves restorative procedures such as fillings, crowns, or veneers to repair and protect the affected teeth. In severe cases, extraction of the damaged teeth may be necessary. Preventive measures such as good oral hygiene practices, a balanced diet, and avoiding harmful substances like tobacco and excessive sugars can also help manage the condition.
Early detection and treatment of dental enamel hypoplasia are crucial to prevent further damage and improve the appearance and function of the teeth. Dentists may use specialized techniques such as radiographs and clinical examinations to diagnose this condition and recommend appropriate treatments.
The condition typically presents itself at birth or during early childhood, and it is estimated to occur in one in 8,500 to one in 27,500 births. PRS can be an isolated condition or may be associated with other congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and palate, ears, heart defects, and limb abnormalities.
The symptoms of PRS vary in severity and may include difficulty breathing, swallowing, and speaking; ear infections; hearing loss; and facial asymmetry. Treatment options for PRS depend on the severity of the condition and may include speech therapy, orthodontic treatment, and surgical interventions to correct the mandible, tongue, and other affected structures.
Early diagnosis and management of PRS are crucial to ensure proper development and minimize potential complications, such as respiratory infections, sleep apnea, and feeding difficulties. Treatment should be individualized based on the severity of the condition and may involve a team of specialists, including otolaryngologists, orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, and speech therapists.
In summary, Pierre Robin Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a small mandible, micrognathia, glossoptosis, and craniofacial dysostosis that can lead to breathing, swallowing, and speaking difficulties, as well as other complications. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for optimal development and minimization of potential complications.
Overbite: This occurs when the upper teeth overlap the lower teeth too much.
Underbite: This happens when the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth too much.
Crossbite: This is when the upper teeth do not align with the lower teeth, causing them to point towards the inside of the mouth.
Open bite: This occurs when the upper and lower teeth do not meet properly, resulting in a gap or an open bite.
Overjet: This is when the upper teeth protrude too far forward, overlapping the lower teeth.
Crowding: This refers to when there is not enough space in the mouth for all the teeth to fit properly, leading to overlapping or misalignment.
Spacing: This occurs when there is too much space between the teeth, which can lead to gum problems and other issues.
Each type of malocclusion can cause a range of symptoms, including difficulty chewing, jaw pain, headaches, and difficulty opening and closing the mouth fully. Treatment options for malocclusion depend on the severity of the problem and may include orthodontic braces, aligners, or surgery to correct the bite and improve oral function and aesthetics.
Cleft Lip and Palate Association
Cleft lip and cleft palate
Brachial amelia, cleft lip, and holoprosencephaly
Classification of cleft lip and cleft palate
List of cleft lip and palate organisations
Cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1
North Thames Regional Cleft Lip and Palate Service
List of British films of 2018
Kupenda for the Children
Kieran West
Ralph Millard
Pediatric plastic surgery
Index of oral health and dental articles
Malocclusion
Overseas Plastic Surgery Appeal
Small supernumerary marker chromosome
Malpuech facial clefting syndrome
Cleft palate incidence by population
Jan Jaap van der Wal
Orthognathic surgery
Mucoperiosteum
Reconstructive surgery
Fetal hydantoin syndrome
Edmund Owen
Nasalis muscle
Rhinoplasty
S. M. Balaji
Dentistry in ancient Rome
List of OMIM disorder codes
Lip
Richard Trauner
Salvia
Millard criteria
Roberts syndrome
List of diseases (C)
Denham Fouts
Inbreeding
C3orf62
Charles Jeter
John Bradford Fisher
Andrew Heggie
Paul E. Adolph
Discernment of Spirits
Andrew P. Ordon
Global Smile (organization)
Smile Foundation of Bali
Anthony D. Holmes
Distraction osteogenesis
Eógan Bél
DNA Doe Project
List of The Archers characters
Gollop-Wolfgang complex
Vegetal rotation
Ultrasound tongue imaging
Mikhail Vrubel
Angulate pipistrelle
Mons pubis
Hesperides
Camel
Education in Tanzania
Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome - About the Disease - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
'Cleft Lip'[majr:noexp] OR 'Cleft Palate'[majr:noexp] AND humans[mh] AND english[la] AND 'last 1 Year' [edat] NOT (letter[pt]...
Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome - NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) - NCBI
Cleft Lip and Palate: MedlinePlus
Facts about Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate | CDC
Cleft Lip & Palate | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
Bilateral Cleft Lip Repair: Background, History of the Procedure, Problem
MedlinePlus - Search Results for: cleft lip palate
Browsing Publications by Subject "Cleft Lip"
Cleft Lip and Palate | Pediatrics
Cleft Lip | Cigna
Craniofacial Disorders and Cleft Lip/Palate | Doernbecher Children's Hospital | OHSU
Cleft Lip & Palate Association
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
Exploring the Science of Cleft Lip and Palate | Discover Magazine
Cleft lip repair - series-Indication: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Oldest cleft lip surgery patient | Guinness World Records
PRIME PubMed | Ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, cleft lip/palate syndrome without ectrodactyly
What Is Cleft Lip / Cleft Palate? - Oral Care | Colgate® IN
SLP Corner: Parameters of Care - Cleft Lip/Palate - PediaStaff
Maternal cigarette smoking and cleft lip and palate: A systematic review and meta-analysis | medRxiv
Cleft Lip and Palate Repair Before and After Photos by Rachel Ruotolo, MD; Garden City, NY - Case 29106 | ASPS
Committee<...
Did Moses Have a Cleft Lip? | Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament
50 Phenoms: From Cleft Lip and Palate to Champion | UPMC HealthBeat
British Library EThOS: A study to determine the optimal outcome measure to assess primary surgery in cleft lip and palate...
719456001 - Cleft lip and cleft palate with intestinal malrotation and cardiopathy syndrome - SNOMED CT
An ultrasound investigation of tongue dorsum raising in children with cleft palate +/- cleft lip - Strathprints
cleft lip
Feeding in Newborns with Cleft Lip and Palate: Using Evidence and Experience as a Guide for Success | 10403 | Cleft Palate and...
Family history of cleft5
- Family history of cleft lip or cleft palate. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- You or your baby's father have a family history of cleft lip. (cigna.com)
- People who have a family history of cleft lip may want to think about genetic counseling . (cigna.com)
- 61% of the individuals had a family history of cleft. (hilarispublisher.com)
- Gender, ethnicity, site of cleft lip, and palate, as well as a family history of cleft lip and palate were recorded. (jclpca.org)
Unilateral8
- This is called a unilateral (yoo-nuh-LAH-er-uhl) cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- To determine the optimal dentoalveolar measure to assess unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patient models. (bl.uk)
- Types of cleft lip and palate are isolated cleft lip, isolated cleft palate, incomplete cleft lip and palate (unilateral/bilateral), complete cleft lip and palate (unilateral/bilateral) and midline cleft. (hilarispublisher.com)
- Because of the lack of development of nasal and maxillary process, an interruption in upper lip formation occurs and causes the cleft lip which can be classified into either unilateral or bilateral. (bvsalud.org)
- A cleft on one side is called a unilateral cleft. (miswm.com)
- This investigation was undertaken with the primary aim of evaluating the effects of reverse headgear therapy in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using lateral cephalograms and to compare the results of the reverse headgear treatment in these patients with other patients with UCLP who did not receive any orthopedic/orthodontic treatment. (jclpca.org)
- Forty seven percent of patients presented with unilateral clefts, 23% presented with bilateral, and 30% presented with clefts of the palate. (jclpca.org)
- One affected sibling with unilateral cleft lip and palate (ULCLP): 4.2% of having a second child with cleft lip and palate. (theresidentreview.com)
Anomalies5
- The most common clinical manifestations are ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly , cleft lip/palate, and tear-duct anomalies. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Approximately 13% of the patients with cleft lip and palate have other medical concerns or anomalies. (hilarispublisher.com)
- Cleft lip and palate anomalies are malformations that affect patients causing some alterations. (bvsalud.org)
- Two hundred and twenty nine mothers of cleft lip and palate infants in the age range from 6 to 36 months enrolled in the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies USP/Bauru were interviewed. (bvsalud.org)
- To estimate incidence of cleft lip and cleft palate among Jordanian infants and to identify associated anomalies, we carried out a prospective, hospital-based study over a 5-year period, January 2000-January 2005. (who.int)
Severity of the cleft1
- Cleft palate surgery takes between two and three hours, though longer depending on the type and severity of the cleft palate. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
Baby with a cleft3
- Women who binge drink early in pregnancy are more likely to have a baby with a cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- A baby with a cleft lip typically doesn't have any problems feeding. (cigna.com)
- Sometimes a baby with a cleft palate may have a small chin and a few babies with this combination may have difficulties with breathing easily. (miswm.com)
Nose11
- The opening in the lip can be a small slit or it can be a large opening that goes through the lip into the nose. (cdc.gov)
- For example, if your baby's nose is affected by cleft lip, surgery may help fix it. (cigna.com)
- Or it may be as severe as a large opening from the lip to the nose. (childrensdmc.org)
- A cleft lip is a condition that creates an opening in the upper lip between the mouth and nose. (miswm.com)
- It can range from a slight notch in the colored portion of the lip to complete separation in one or both sides of the lip extending up and into the nose. (miswm.com)
- However, in about one out of every five children following cleft palate repair, a portion of the repair will split, causing a new hole to form between the nose and mouth. (miswm.com)
- Cleft lip repair usually leaves a small scar on the lip under the nose. (arrivacostarica.com)
- The cleft can be small, such as a notch, or it may extend from the base of the upper lip to the nose. (drlimd.com)
- The opening may extend up to the base of the nose, which generally occurs when the soft tissues in the lip fail to join before birth. (dental.net)
- A cleft lip looks like a split or indentation in the lip extending up to the nose. (doglover.in)
- Milk running out of the nose (caused by milk being drawn up through the cleft into the airway). (doglover.in)
Upper lip7
- This results in an opening in the upper lip. (cdc.gov)
- With either type, it may involve one or both sides of the upper lip and rarely occurs in the lower lip. (cigna.com)
- Cleft lip and palate are openings or splits in the upper lip or roof of the mouth (palate). (childrensdmc.org)
- If the separation occurs in the upper lip, the child is said to have a cleft lip. (miswm.com)
- Cleft lip occurs when the upper lip fails to fuse together and instead forms one or two fissures, known as clefts. (drlimd.com)
- A cleft lip looks as a narrow opening or split in the front of the upper lip. (dental.net)
- A cleft lip is the separation of the two sides of your child's upper lip, appearing as a narrow or wide opening that can extend to the roof of the mouth. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
Patients with cleft2
- Fat grafting in patients with cleft lip and palate: A systematic review. (bvsalud.org)
- The available literature suggests that fat grafting is a promising autogenous option for palate and fistula repair and for improvement of lip projection and scar aesthetics in patients with cleft. (bvsalud.org)
Hard palate6
- A hard palate cleft affects the hard palate, toward the front of the mouth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Your child may have a cleft in any combination of the lip, hard palate, or the soft palate. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- A cleft palate can range from just an opening at the back of the soft palate to a nearly complete separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate). (miswm.com)
- The cleft hard palate is generally repaired between the ages of 8 and 12 when the cuspid teeth begin to develop. (miswm.com)
- A cleft palate forms in either the hard palate (roof of the mouth) or soft palate (uvula) or both. (drlimd.com)
- A cleft palate is visible if you are looking at the roof (hard palate) of a dogs mouth. (doglover.in)
Bilateral cleft1
- If a cleft occurs on both sides, it is called a bilateral cleft. (miswm.com)
Surgery22
- Surgery to repair a cleft lip usually occurs in the first few months of life and is recommended within the first 12 months of life. (cdc.gov)
- Often, surgery can close the lip and palate. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cleft lip surgery is usually done before age 12 months, and cleft palate surgery is done before 18 months. (medlineplus.gov)
- Surgery can repair a cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Surgery can fix a cleft lip. (cigna.com)
- British Library EThOS: A study to determine the optimal outcome measure to assess primary surgery in cleft lip and palate patients and an analysis of five year old patients as part of the Cleft Care UK study : have standards improved since CSAG? (bl.uk)
- After this course, participants will be able to describe interventions to support successful feeding during and following surgery for cleft lip and cleft palate. (speechpathology.com)
- Lip reconstructive surgery, so-called cheiloplasty, is indicated at the third month of life once the baby is healthy and weighing at least 5 kg. (bvsalud.org)
- Cleft lip surgery is usually performed when the child is about ten months old. (miswm.com)
- A cleft palate is initially treated with surgery safely when the child is between 7 to 18 months old. (miswm.com)
- The average price for Cleft Lip and Palete Surgery in Kentucky is $30000. (arrivacostarica.com)
- A Cleft Lip and Palete Surgery can be combined with other procedures in a low cost package. (arrivacostarica.com)
- Cleft palate can be repaired via surgery, which is generally conducted between 12 and 18 months. (drlimd.com)
- Fortunately, cleft lip is easy to diagnose (at birth) and can be corrected through plastic surgery. (drlimd.com)
- Surgery is the only way to repair a cleft lip or cleft palate. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- Surgery helps restore proper function to your child's lips and mouth. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- With cleft lip and palate surgery, your child will be able to eat, drink, breathe, hear, and speak normally as they develop. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- Cleft lip surgery is recommended between three and six months of age. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- Cleft lip surgery typically takes less than two hours. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- Cleft palate surgery is usually performed when your child is around 12 months old. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- A second surgery in the future may be required to fully repair a cleft palate. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- Due to the complexity of cleft palate surgery, recovery may take a little longer. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
Occurs4
- A cleft lip can be on one or both sides of the lip or in the middle of the lip, which occurs very rarely. (cdc.gov)
- Cleft lip often occurs with cleft palate . (cigna.com)
- As in cleft lip, a cleft palate occurs in early pregnancy when separate areas of the face have developed individually do not join together properly. (miswm.com)
- A cleft palate occurs when there is an opening in the roof of the mouth. (miswm.com)
Incidence2
- By evaluating the incidence of cleft lip and palate in children, França and Locks in 2003 9 , found a relation of 1.24 per each 1,000 born alive. (bvsalud.org)
- Cleft lip and palate (CLP) has a higher incidence than cleft palate (CP) alone. (theresidentreview.com)
Defects12
- Cleft lip and cleft palate are birth defects that occur when a baby's lip or mouth do not form properly during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- began with births in 2014), to understand the causes of and risks for birth defects, including orofacial clefts. (cdc.gov)
- CDC continues to study birth defects, such as cleft lip and cleft palate, and how to prevent them. (cdc.gov)
- Taking folic acid supplements before and during pregnancy can prevent a number of birth defects, including clefts. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Cleft lip and cleft palate are congenital [KAHN-jen-ih-TUHL] defects , which means a child is born with them. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Cleft palate and cleft lip are the most common birth defects of the head and neck. (cigna.com)
- Cleft lip and palate may be the only birth defects, or they may happen with other defects. (childrensdmc.org)
- Conclusion: Cleft lip and palate are one of the most common birth defects seen in the pediatric and maxillofacial department, with an overall prevalence of 2.8 per thousand newborns, with cleft lip/cleft palate seen in approximately 12 per thousand births and cleft palate seen in 0.9 per thousand births. (hilarispublisher.com)
- Cleft defects occur in about one out of every 800 babies. (miswm.com)
- of cleft lip alone is about 20% of these defects and both cleft palate and cleft lip in about 50% of these defects. (drlimd.com)
- A cleft lip and cleft palate are common birth defects that occur in the very early stages of fetal development. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- Cleft palates and cleft lips are physical defects that are usually inherited from a puppy's parents. (doglover.in)
Orofacial9
- The causes of orofacial clefts among most infants are unknown. (cdc.gov)
- Smoking―Women who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to have a baby with an orofacial cleft than women who do not smoke. (cdc.gov)
- Orofacial clefts, especially cleft lip with or without cleft palate, can be diagnosed during pregnancy by a routine ultrasound. (cdc.gov)
- The prevalence of orofacial clefts shows considerable international variation. (jclpca.org)
- The aim of this study was to create an electronic database and to perform an epidemiological survey of all orofacial clefts seen at the MOHC, Cleft Clinic from its inception in 2003 to December 2014. (jclpca.org)
- A positive family history of orofacial clefts was found in 5.48% with cousins being the most affected. (jclpca.org)
- An electronic epidemiological database of orofacial clefts at the MOHC has been recorded. (jclpca.org)
- Maternal occupational cadmium exposure and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts. (cdc.gov)
- Background: Cigarette smoking is a well-studied risk factor for orofacial clefts (OFCs). (cdc.gov)
Ultrasound7
- Sometimes cleft lip or palate can also be seen in an ultrasound of an unborn baby. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Sometimes a fetal ultrasound during pregnancy can detect a cleft lip. (cigna.com)
- But an ultrasound doesn't always find the problem, so doctors can't always rely on it to diagnose a cleft lip. (cigna.com)
- Based on a qualitative approach, we interviewed nine mothers of babies diagnosed with cleft lip and palate when undergoing ultrasound as part of routine examinations to monitor fetal development. (bvsalud.org)
- Can 2d ultrasound detect cleft lip? (jacanswers.com)
- Conclusions: 2D ultrasound screening for cleft lip and palate in a low-risk population has a relatively low detection rate but is associated with few false-positive results. (jacanswers.com)
- 3D ultrasound can achieve a reliable diagnosis, but not of cleft palate only. (jacanswers.com)
Congenital1
- Cleft lip and palate is a congenital malformation occurring between the fourth and twelfth week of intra-uterine live, period corresponding to the face development. (bvsalud.org)
Child's1
- A cleft palate is a split or opening in the roof of your child's mouth. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
Lower lip1
- Cleft lip is a developmental or birth defect that can affect the upper or lower lip of a child, which is extremely rare in the lower lip. (dental.net)
Roof7
- A cleft palate happens if the tissue that makes up the roof of the mouth does not join together completely during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- With a cleft palate, the tissue that makes up the roof of the mouth does not join correctly. (medlineplus.gov)
- During early pregnancy, separate areas of the face develop individually and then join together, including the left and right sides of the roof of the mouth and lips. (miswm.com)
- A similar defect in the roof of the mouth is called a cleft palate. (miswm.com)
- Cleft palate/cleft lips occur when the two sides of either the roof of the mouth (palate) or the lips fail to fuse together in the embryo. (drlimd.com)
- Cleft lip is often associated with cleft palate, which is the cleft in the roof of the mouth. (dental.net)
- A cleft palate is a gap in the roof of a puppy's mouth. (doglover.in)
Nasal2
- A cleft palate may leave an opening that goes into the nasal cavity. (childrensdmc.org)
- On the other hand, the lack of fusion of the median nasal and maxillary process causes the cleft palate. (bvsalud.org)
Palates2
- Cleft lips and palates are also associated with health and developmental problems such as hearing loss, dental issues, and speech issues. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- What are cleft palates and cleft lips? (doglover.in)
Facial4
- This joining of tissue forms the facial features, like the lips and mouth. (cdc.gov)
- Cleft lip and cleft palate result when facial structures that are developing in an unborn baby do not fuse completely. (hilarispublisher.com)
- A completely formed lip is important not only for a normal facial appearance but also for sucking and to form certain sounds made during speech. (miswm.com)
- Facial clefts were found in 2.4% of patients. (jclpca.org)
Prevalence1
- 5 also observed in a study conducted in the northeast of Brazil a greater prevalence of cleft lip and palate occurring most in male patients. (bvsalud.org)
Pregnancy5
- The lip forms between the fourth and seventh weeks of pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- Cleft lip and cleft palate are thought to be caused by a combination of genes and other factors, such as things the mother comes in contact with in her environment, or what the mother eats or drinks, or certain medications she uses during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- Diabetes―Women with diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy have an increased risk of having a child with a cleft lip with or without cleft palate, compared to women who did not have diabetes. (cdc.gov)
- Use of certain medicines―Women who used certain medicines to treat epilepsy, such as topiramate or valproic acid, during the first trimester (the first 3 months) of pregnancy have an increased risk of having a baby with cleft lip with or without cleft palate, compared to women who didn't take these medicines. (cdc.gov)
- For example: medications a mother took during pregnancy, along with psychological, emotional and traumatic stresses may be the reason why a baby has a cleft lip. (dental.net)
Unborn baby1
- If you are pregnant and your unborn baby is diagnosed with cleft lip or palate, your doctor may want to get a sample of your amniotic fluid (the liquid surrounding your baby in your uterus) to test for other genetic problems . (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Adults3
- CLAPA's Peer Supporters are adults with a cleft who have been trained to support others one-on-one over the phone or email. (clapa.com)
- In this podcast, Pat Chibbaro interviews Kenny Ardouin and Nicola Stock about their article, "Physical Health in Adults Born With Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Whole of Life Survey in the United Kingdom. (kennyardouin.com)
- This month, Bruna and Jade discuss the expansion of support for adults with a cleft lip and/or palate. (kennyardouin.com)
Mouth8
- A cleft is when the tissues that make up the sided of the mouth do not come together all the way. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- A soft palate cleft affects the soft tissue at the back of the mouth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- A cleft can be on one side of the mouth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- A cleft can be on both sides of the mouth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Sometimes, the lip or the palate (upper part of the mouth) do not fuse together completely. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- The doctor will look inside your baby's mouth to see whether there is also a cleft palate. (cigna.com)
- Cleft palate is not as noticeable as cleft lip because it is inside the mouth. (childrensdmc.org)
- As you might imagine, cleft lip and cleft palate can affect many actions of the mouth and face. (arrivacostarica.com)
Usually diagnosed3
- Cleft lip and palate are usually diagnosed by the doctor or other healthcare provider attending the birth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Cleft lip and palate are usually diagnosed when the doctor attending your birth does a physical exam of your baby. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Cleft lip is usually diagnosed at birth. (cigna.com)
Soft palate1
- Doctors connect the muscles of the soft palate and rearrange the tissues to close the cleft. (arrivacostarica.com)
Incomplete2
- A cleft that stops at the lip is called an incomplete cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- A cleft lip may be complete or incomplete . (cigna.com)
Birth5
- A cleft lip happens if the tissue that makes up the lip does not join completely before birth. (cdc.gov)
- Cleft lip is a treatable birth defect. (cigna.com)
- For parents, the birth of a cleft lip and palate child causes a greater impact. (bvsalud.org)
- At the cleft lip and palate birth, one of the first difficulties found by the parents is nursing. (bvsalud.org)
- The study aimed to know the experience of mothers from the prenatal diagnosis of cleft lip and palate to the birth of their children. (bvsalud.org)
Surgical4
- To analyse the study models collected of five year old children with UCLP as part of Cleft Care UK (CCUK) to see if primary surgical outcome has improved since CSAG. (bl.uk)
- Assessment and treatment approaches before and following surgical interventions, including those for mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO), cleft lip, and cleft palate, are shared. (speechpathology.com)
- These alterations can compromise maternal nursing and lead to early introduction of bottle feeding and sugar in the diet of cleft lip and palate infants, compromising their oral health and the surgical/rehabilitation process. (bvsalud.org)
- The surgical correction of cleft lip requires the service of both general and dental surgeon as the procedure is done under anesthesia. (dental.net)
Infants2
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nursing habits and the use of baby bottles in a group of cleft lip and palate infants. (bvsalud.org)
- Cleft lip and palate infants presented inadequate nursing habits in relation to both the content and the frequency ingestion, suggesting the need of a multidisciplinary guidance and following-up of infants during this age range. (bvsalud.org)
Children11
- Children with a cleft lip also can have a cleft palate. (cdc.gov)
- Children with a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate or a cleft palate alone often have problems with feeding and speaking clearly and can have ear infections. (cdc.gov)
- Some children have a cleft lip or cleft palate because of changes in their genes. (cdc.gov)
- Children with a cleft lip or a cleft palate often have problems with feeding and talking. (medlineplus.gov)
- With treatment, most children with clefts do well and lead a healthy life. (medlineplus.gov)
- The American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) recommends a team approach to treat children with clefts. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- You can stay in the loop by following our Children and Young People's Facebook page , and by signing up for our quarterly Youth Forward newsletter for under 18s which is packed with information, advice and articles by other young people born with a cleft. (clapa.com)
- Children born with cleft lip or cleft palate might have issues related to their feeding, hearing, teeth, and speech. (arrivacostarica.com)
- High suspicion in children with cardiac abnormalities and cleft palate abnormalities. (theresidentreview.com)
- Children with cleft lip may suffer from frequent ear infections, eating and speech problems and many dental issues. (dental.net)
- Special dental care is needed for children with cleft lip. (dental.net)
Newborn2
- Your doctor should talk to you about the possibility of breastfeeding your newborn with cleft lip. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- After this course, participants will be able to describe the care provided by a multidisciplinary craniofacial team at the prenatal and newborn time periods for cleft lip and palate. (speechpathology.com)
Correction3
- Rotary Club of Nagpur in association with Northern Cleft Foundation (UK) is organizing a 10 day cleft lip correction camp from 8th January- 18th January 2012 at Mure Hospital. (nagpurpulse.com)
- The coordination of different dental and medical specialties is needed for the correction of cleft lip. (dental.net)
- After the correction of the cleft lip, a prosthodontist can improve the functions of eating and speaking by placing a partial denture. (dental.net)
Notch1
- A cleft lip may be as mild as a notch of the lip. (childrensdmc.org)
Babies5
- How Many Babies are Born with Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate? (cdc.gov)
- About 1 in every 1,600 babies is born with cleft lip with cleft palate in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- One out of every 700 babies born in the United States will have a cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Babies born with a cleft are usually very healthy, but the cleft can cause some challenges. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Babies born with a cleft lip can usually nurse like other babies. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Repair5
- This systematic review aims to compare different fat-grafting techniques for cleft lip and palate repair. (bvsalud.org)
- A total of 25 articles were included, 12 on closure of palatal fistula and 13 on cleft lip repair. (bvsalud.org)
- Evidence suggests that fat grafting can be indicated for the primary and secondary repair of cleft palate , with good results. (bvsalud.org)
- Cleft lip and palate repair does a lot more for your child than cosmetically correcting their appearance. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
- Your child will fully recover from cleft lip or palate repair in about four weeks. (rainwaterdentistry.com)
Association2
- A cleft in the gum may occur in association with a cleft lip. (miswm.com)
- Guests Nicola Stock (Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Appearance Research) and Kenny Ardouin (Adult Services Manager at the Cleft Lip and Palate Association (CLAPA)), share their important recent research and work in this area. (kennyardouin.com)
Child12
- If your doctor thinks your child might have a cleft lip, they could need further tests, like x-rays, for the doctor to see bone structures in the skull. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- It can help you understand your chances of having a child with a cleft lip. (cigna.com)
- Explain how cleft lips form and how having one has been a part of making your child strong. (cigna.com)
- Caring for your child who has a cleft lip can take time and patience. (cigna.com)
- A child can be born with a cleft lip, cleft palate, or both. (childrensdmc.org)
- Since the lip and palate develop separately, it is possible for a child to be born with a cleft lip, palate or both. (miswm.com)
- We report a unique case of Tessier 30 cleft in a child with constellations of craniofacial cleft associated with Goldenhar syndrome. (jclpca.org)
- One sibling with BCLP: 6.7% risk of having a second child with cleft lip and palate. (theresidentreview.com)
- Two affected siblings: 10% risk of having a third child with cleft lip and palate. (theresidentreview.com)
- Parent only: 3-4.7% risk of child having isolated cleft lip and palate. (theresidentreview.com)
- Parent and sibling cleft: 17% risk of second child having cleft lip and palate. (theresidentreview.com)
- Apart from all these specialties, the support of the parents is important for the psychological and social development of a child with a cleft lip. (dental.net)
Reconstruction1
- The cleft lip reconstruction may also require bone graft. (dental.net)