Claudin 4. Medical search

A large family of transmembrane proteins found in TIGHT JUNCTIONS. They take part in the formation of paracellular barriers and pores that regulate paracellular permeability.

A ubiquitously-expressed claudin subtype that acts as a general barrier-forming protein in TIGHT JUNCTIONS. Elevated expression of claudin-3 is found in a variety of tumor cell types, suggesting its role as a therapeutic target for specific ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS.

An integral membrane protein that is localized to TIGHT JUNCTIONS, where it plays a role in controlling the paracellular permeability of polarized cells. Mutations in the gene for claudin-1 are associated with Neonatal Ichthyosis-Sclerosing Cholangitis (NISCH) Syndrome.

A claudin subtype that takes part in maintaining the barrier-forming property of TIGHT JUNCTIONS. Claudin-4 is found associated with CLAUDIN-8 in the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCT where it may play a role in paracellular chloride ion reabsorption.

Cell-cell junctions that seal adjacent epithelial cells together, preventing the passage of most dissolved molecules from one side of the epithelial sheet to the other. (Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, p22)

A claudin subtype that is found localized to TIGHT JUNCTIONS in VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. The protein was initially identified as one of several proteins which are deleted in VELOCARDIOFACIAL SYNDROME and may play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A MARVEL domain protein that plays an important role in the formation and regulation of the TIGHT JUNCTION paracellular permeability barrier.

A 195-kDa zonula occludens protein that is distinguished by the presence of a ZU5 domain at the C-terminal of the molecule.

A zonula occludens protein subtype found in epithelial cell junctions. Several isoforms of zonula occludens-2 protein exist due to use of alternative promoter regions and alternative mRNA splicings.

A claudin subtype that is associated with the formation of cation-selective channels and increased epithelial permeability. It is localized to the TIGHT JUNCTIONS of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE and INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM.

A specialized barrier, in the TESTIS, between the interstitial BLOOD compartment and the adluminal compartment of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. The barrier is formed by layers of cells from the VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM of the capillary BLOOD VESSELS, to the SEMINIFEROUS EPITHELIUM of the seminiferous tubules. TIGHT JUNCTIONS form between adjacent SERTOLI CELLS, as well as between the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS.

Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.

The resistance to the flow of either alternating or direct electrical current.

The technique of placing cells or tissue in a supporting medium so that thin sections can be cut using a microtome. The medium can be paraffin wax (PARAFFIN EMBEDDING) or plastics (PLASTIC EMBEDDING) such as epoxy resins.

A genus of pufferfish commonly used for research.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Excretion of abnormally high level of CALCIUM in the URINE, greater than 4 mg/kg/day.

An inherited renal disorder characterized by defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME, Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.

A condition characterized by calcification of the renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells.

Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as ENTEROCYTES. These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation.

The U-shaped portion of the renal tubule in the KIDNEY MEDULLA, consisting of a descending limb and an ascending limb. It is situated between the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE and the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE.

Preparation for electron microscopy of minute replicas of exposed surfaces of the cell which have been ruptured in the frozen state. The specimen is frozen, then cleaved under high vacuum at the same temperature. The exposed surface is shadowed with carbon and platinum and coated with carbon to obtain a carbon replica.

Cells of epithelial origin possessing specialized sensory functions. They include cells that are found in the TASTE BUDS; OLFACTORY MUCOSA; COCHLEA; and NEUROEPITHELIAL BODIES.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

Paired respiratory organs of fishes and some amphibians that are analogous to lungs. They are richly supplied with blood vessels by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged directly with the environment.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Anchoring points where the CYTOSKELETON of neighboring cells are connected to each other. They are composed of specialized areas of the plasma membrane where bundles of the ACTIN CYTOSKELETON attach to the membrane through the transmembrane linkers, CADHERINS, which in turn attach through their extracellular domains to cadherins in the neighboring cell membranes. In sheets of cells, they form into adhesion belts (zonula adherens) that go all the way around a cell.

Supporting cells projecting inward from the basement membrane of SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN and hormones such as ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE. The tight junctions of Sertoli cells with the SPERMATOGONIA and SPERMATOCYTES provide a BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER.

A usually benign glandular tumor composed of oxyphil cells, large cells with small irregular nuclei and dense acidophilic granules due to the presence of abundant MITOCHONDRIA. Oxyphil cells, also known as oncocytes, are found in oncocytomas of the kidney, salivary glands, and endocrine glands. In the thyroid gland, oxyphil cells are known as Hurthle cells and Askanazy cells.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Direct contact of a cell with a neighboring cell. Most such junctions are too small to be resolved by light microscopy, but they can be visualized by conventional or freeze-fracture electron microscopy, both of which show that the interacting CELL MEMBRANE and often the underlying CYTOPLASM and the intervening EXTRACELLULAR SPACE are highly specialized in these regions. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p792)

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.

The artificial induction of GENE SILENCING by the use of RNA INTERFERENCE to reduce the expression of a specific gene. It includes the use of DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA, such as SMALL INTERFERING RNA and RNA containing HAIRPIN LOOP SEQUENCE, and ANTI-SENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

Degree of saltiness, which is largely the OSMOLAR CONCENTRATION of SODIUM CHLORIDE plus any other SALTS present. It is an ecological factor of considerable importance, influencing the types of organisms that live in an ENVIRONMENT.

The simultaneous analysis of multiple samples of TISSUES or CELLS from BIOPSY or in vitro culture that have been arranged in an array format on slides or microchips.

The most common etiologic agent of GAS GANGRENE. It is differentiable into several distinct types based on the distribution of twelve different toxins.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.

The part of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is concerned with hearing. It forms the anterior part of the labyrinth, as a snail-like structure that is situated almost horizontally anterior to the VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH.

Phenotypic changes of EPITHELIAL CELLS to MESENCHYME type, which increase cell mobility critical in many developmental processes such as NEURAL TUBE development. NEOPLASM METASTASIS and DISEASE PROGRESSION may also induce this transition.

The portion of renal tubule that begins from the enlarged segment of the ascending limb of the LOOP OF HENLE. It reenters the KIDNEY CORTEX and forms the convoluted segments of the distal tubule.

Substances that are toxic to the intestinal tract causing vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; most common enterotoxins are produced by bacteria.

Male germ cells derived from SPERMATOGONIA. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo MEIOSIS and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to SPERMATIDS.

Membrane-limited structures derived from the plasma membrane or various intracellular membranes which function in storage, transport or metabolism.

A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae. The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1363)

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The mucous membrane lining the RESPIRATORY TRACT, including the NASAL CAVITY; the LARYNX; the TRACHEA; and the BRONCHI tree. The respiratory mucosa consists of various types of epithelial cells ranging from ciliated columnar to simple squamous, mucous GOBLET CELLS, and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.

Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

An EPITHELIUM with MUCUS-secreting cells, such as GOBLET CELLS. It forms the lining of many body cavities, such as the DIGESTIVE TRACT, the RESPIRATORY TRACT, and the reproductive tract. Mucosa, rich in blood and lymph vessels, comprises an inner epithelium, a middle layer (lamina propria) of loose CONNECTIVE TISSUE, and an outer layer (muscularis mucosae) of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS that separates the mucosa from submucosa.

Stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the CORNEA. It is smooth and contains many free nerve endings.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

The sequential location of genes on a chromosome.

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.

Proteins obtained from the ZEBRAFISH. Many of the proteins in this species have been the subject of studies involving basic embryological development (EMBRYOLOGY).

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They are important in the formation of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS between cells. Cadherins are classified by their distinct immunological and tissue specificities, either by letters (E- for epithelial, N- for neural, and P- for placental cadherins) or by numbers (cadherin-12 or N-cadherin 2 for brain-cadherin). Cadherins promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism as in the construction of tissues and of the whole animal body.

A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

An exotic species of the family CYPRINIDAE, originally from Asia, that has been introduced in North America. They are used in embryological studies and to study the effects of certain chemicals on development.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Interruption or suppression of the expression of a gene at transcriptional or translational levels.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The process of germ cell development in the male from the primordial germ cells, through SPERMATOGONIA; SPERMATOCYTES; SPERMATIDS; to the mature haploid SPERMATOZOA.

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

The pattern of GENE EXPRESSION at the level of genetic transcription in a specific organism or under specific circumstances in specific cells.

Orientation of intracellular structures especially with respect to the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Methods used for detecting the amplified DNA products from the polymerase chain reaction as they accumulate instead of at the end of the reaction.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Laboratory tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are working through examination of blood and urine.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin fragment removes specific claudins from tight junction strands: Evidence for direct involvement of claudins in tight junction barrier. (1/170)

Claudins, comprising a multigene family, constitute tight junction (TJ) strands. Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), a single approximately 35-kD polypeptide, was reported to specifically bind to claudin-3/RVP1 and claudin-4/CPE-R at its COOH-terminal half. We examined the effects of the COOH-terminal half fragment of CPE (C-CPE) on TJs in L transfectants expressing claudin-1 to -4 (C1L to C4L, respectively), and in MDCK I cells expressing claudin-1 and -4. C-CPE bound to claudin-3 and -4 with high affinity, but not to claudin-1 or -2. In the presence of C-CPE, reconstituted TJ strands in C3L cells gradually disintegrated and disappeared from their cell surface. In MDCK I cells incubated with C-CPE, claudin-4 was selectively removed from TJs with its concomitant degradation. At 4 h after incubation with C-CPE, TJ strands were disintegrated, and the number of TJ strands and the complexity of their network were markedly decreased. In good agreement with the time course of these morphological changes, the TJ barrier (TER and paracellular flux) of MDCK I cells was downregulated by C-CPE in a dose-dependent manner. These findings provided evidence for the direct involvement of claudins in the barrier functions of TJs. (+info)

Regulated expression of claudin-4 decreases paracellular conductance through a selective decrease in sodium permeability. (2/170)

Tight junctions regulate paracellular conductance and ionic selectivity. These properties vary among epithelia but the molecular basis of this variation remains unknown. To test whether members of the claudin family of tight junction proteins influence paracellular ionic selectivity, we expressed human claudin-4 in cultured MDCK cells using an inducible promoter. Overexpression increased the complexity of tight junction strands visible by freeze-fracture microscopy without affecting the levels of claudin-1, -2, or -3, occludin, or ZO-1. A decrease in conductance correlated directly with the kinetics of claudin-4 induction. Dilution potentials revealed that the decrease in paracellular conductance resulted from a selective decrease in Na(+) permeability without a significant effect on Cl(-) permeability. Flux for an uncharged solute, mannitol, and the rank order of permeabilities for the alkali metal cations were unchanged. A paracellular site for these effects was supported by the lack of apical/basal directionality of the dilution potentials, the linearity of current-voltage relationships, and the lack of influence of inhibitors of major transcellular transporters. These results provide, to our knowledge, the first direct demonstration of the ability of a claudin to influence paracellular ion selectivity and support a role for the claudins in creating selective channels through the tight-junction barrier. (+info)

Expression of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4 in prostate cancer epithelium. (3/170)

The mRNA for Rvp.1 (rat ventral prostate) increases in abundance before gland involution after androgen deprivation. Rvp.1 is homologous to CPE-R, the high-affinity intestinal epithelial receptor for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), and is sufficient to mediate CPE binding and trigger subsequent toxin-mediated cytolysis. Rvp.1 (claudin-3) and CPE-R (claudin-4) are members of a larger family of transmembrane tissue-specific claudin proteins that are essential components of intercellular tight junction structures regulating paracellular ion flux. However, claudin-3 and claudin-4 are the only family members capable of mediating CPE binding and cytolysis. The present study was designed to study the expression of claudin-3 and claudin-4 in human prostate tissue as potential targets for CPE toxin-mediated therapy for prostate cancer. On human multiple-tissue Northern blot analysis, mRNAs for both claudin-3 and claudin-4 were expressed at high levels in prostate tissue. In normal prostate tissue, expression of claudin-3 was localized exclusively within acinar epithelial cells by in situ mRNA hybridization. Compared with expression within prostate epithelial cells in surrounding normal glandular tissue, expression of claudin-3 mRNA remained high in the epithelium of prostate adenocarcinoma (10 of 10) and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (five of five). Prostate adenocarcinoma cells metastatic to bone were obtained from a patient with disease progression during antiandrogen therapy. These metastatic cells were prostate-specific antigen-positive by immunohistochemical staining and also expressed functional CPE receptors as measured by sensitivity to CPE-induced cell lysis. The persistent high level of claudin-3 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma and functional cytotoxicity of CPE in metastatic androgen-independent prostate adenocarcinoma suggests a new potential therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer. (+info)

Molecular regulation of urothelial renewal and host defenses during infection with uropathogenic Escherichia coli. (4/170)

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the principal cause of urinary tract infection in women, attaches to the superficial facet cell layer of the bladder epithelium (urothelium) via its FimH adhesin. Attachment triggers exfoliation of bacteria-laden superficial facet cells, followed by rapid reconstitution of the urothelium through differentiation of underlying basal and intermediate cells. We have used DNA microarrays to define the molecular regulators of urothelial renewal and host defense expressed in adult C57Bl/6 female mice during the early phases of infection with isogenic virulent (FimH+) or avirulent (FimH-) UPEC strains. The temporal evolution and cellular origins of selected responses were then characterized by real time quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical analyses. Well before exfoliation is evident, FimH-mediated attachment suppresses transforming growth factor-beta (Bmp4) and Wnt5a/Ca(2+) signaling to promote subsequent differentiation of basal/intermediate cells. The early transcriptional responses to attachment also include induction of regulators of proliferation (e.g. epidermal growth factor family members), induction of the ETS transcription factor Elf3, which transactivates genes involved in epithelial differentiation and host defense (inducible nitric-oxide synthase), induction of modulators, and mediators of pro-inflammatory responses (e.g. Socs3, Cebp/delta, Bcl3, and CC/CXC chemokines), induction of modulators of apoptotic responses (A20), and induction of intermediate cell tight junction components (claudin-4). Both early and late phases of the host response exhibit remarkable specificity for the FimH+ strain and provide new insights about the molecular cascade mobilized to combat UPEC-associated urinary tract infection. (+info)

Claudins create charge-selective channels in the paracellular pathway between epithelial cells. (5/170)

Epithelia separate tissue spaces by regulating the passage of ions, solutes, and water through both the transcellular and paracellular pathways. Paracellular permeability is defined by intercellular tight junctions, which vary widely among tissues with respect to solute flux, electrical resistance, and ionic charge selectivity. To test the hypothesis that members of the claudin family of tight junction proteins create charge selectivity, we assessed the effect of reversing the charge of selected extracellular amino acids in two claudins using site-directed mutagenesis. Claudins were expressed in cultured Madin-Darby canine kidney cell monolayers under an inducible promoter, and clones were compared with and without induction for transmonolayer electrical resistance and dilution potentials. Expression and localization of claudins were determined by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence microscopy, and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. We observed that substituting a negative for a positive charge at position 65 in the first extracellular domain of claudin-4 increased paracellular Na+ permeability. Conversely, substituting positive for negative charges at three positions in the first extracellular domain of claudin-15, singly and in combination, reversed paracellular charge selectivity from a preference for Na+ to Cl-. These results support a model where claudins create charge-selective channels in the paracellular space. (+info)

The renal segmental distribution of claudins changes with development. (6/170)

BACKGROUND: Permeability properties of mammalian nephron are tuned during postnatal maturation. The transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and complexity of tight junctions (TJs) vary along the different tubular segments, suggesting that the molecules constituting this structure change. We studied the differential expression of occludin and several claudins in isolated renal tubules from newborn and adult rabbits. METHODS: Isolated renal tubules from newborn and adult rabbits were processed for occludin, claudin-1 and claudin-2 immunofluorescence, and Western blot detection of claudin-1 and -2. Claudin-5 was detected in whole kidney frozen sections. RT-PCR from isolated tubules was performed for claudins-1 to -8. RESULTS: Immunofluorescence revealed that occludin, claudin-1 and -2 were present at the cell boundaries at the neonatal stage of development. Claudin-1 was detected in the tighter segments of the nephron (distal and collecting duct), while claudin-2 was found in the leaky portions (proximal). Claudin 5 was found in the kidney vasculature. PCR amplification revealed the presence of claudins-1 to -4 in tubules of newborns. In adults, claudins-1, -2 and -4 were present in proximal, Henle's loop and collecting segments; claudin-3 was in proximal and collecting tubules, while claudins-5 and -6 were absent from all tubular portions. Claudin-7 was restricted to proximal tubules, while claudin-8 was present in proximal and Henle's segments. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of occludin distribution is present from the neonatal age. Claudins-7 and -8 are up-regulated after birth. Each tubular segment expresses a peculiar set of claudins that might be responsible for the permeability properties of their TJs. (+info)

Changes in gene expression during the early to mid-luteal (receptive phase) transition in human endometrium detected by high-density microarray screening. (7/170)

High density cDNA microarray screening was used to determine changes in gene expression occurring during the transition between the early luteal (prereceptive) and mid-luteal (receptive) phases in human endometrium. Of approximately 12,000 genes profiled, 693 (5.8%) displayed >2-fold differences in relative levels of expression between these stages. Of these, 370 genes (3.1%) displayed decreases ranging from 2- to >100-fold while 323 genes (2.7%) displayed increases ranging from 2- to >45-fold. Many genes correspond to mRNAs encoding proteins previously shown to change in a similar manner between the proliferative and mid-luteal phases, serving as one validation of the microarray screening results. In addition, novel genes were identified. Genes encoding cell surface receptors, adhesion and extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors accounted for 20% of the changes. Several genes were studied further by Northern blot analyses. These results confirmed that claudin-4/Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) receptor and osteopontin (OPN) mRNA increased approximately 4- and 12-fold respectively, while betaig-H3 (BIGH3) decreased >80% during the early to mid-luteal transition. Immunostaining also revealed strong specific staining for claudin-4/CPE, EP(1) and prostaglandin receptor in epithelia, and leukotriene B4 receptor in both epithelia and stroma, at the mid-luteal stage. Collectively, these studies identify multiple new candidate markers that may be used to predict the receptive phase in humans. Some of these gene products, e.g. OPN, may play direct roles in embryo-uterine interactions during the implantation process. (+info)

Expression, solubilization, and biochemical characterization of the tight junction transmembrane protein claudin-4. (8/170)

The tight junction tetraspan protein claudin-4 creates a charge-selective pore in the paracellular pathway across epithelia. The structure of the pore is unknown, but is presumed to result from transcellular adhesive contacts between claudin's extracellular loops. Here we report the expression of claudin-4 by baculovirus infection of Sf9 cells and describe the biochemical analysis suggesting it has a hexameric quaternary configuration. We show the detergent perfluoro-octanoic acid is able to maintain oligomeric claudin species. Sucrose velocity centrifugation and laser light scattering are also used to investigate the oligomeric state of claudin-4. In contrast to proteins of similar topology, such as gap junction family connexins, the oligomeric state of claudins appears more dynamic. These data suggest the structural organization of claudins in tight junction pores is unique. (+info)

The name claudin comes from Latin word claudere ("to close"), suggesting the barrier role of these proteins. A recent review ... A Chimeric Claudin was synthesized to help enhance the understanding of both the structure and function of the tight junction. ... All human claudins (with the exception of Claudin 12) have domains that let them bind to PDZ domains of scaffold proteins. The ... There are 23 genes found in the human genome for claudin proteins and there are 27 transmembrane domains across mammals. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudin

... (c. 1490 - 13 October 1562) was a French composer of the Renaissance. Along with Clément Janequin he was one ... Free scores by Claudin de Sermisy at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) Tant que vivray midi file ... ISBN 0-89917-034-X Isabelle Cazeaux, "Claudin de Sermisy", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie. ... 1527) Tu disais que j'en mourrais Vignon, vignon, vignon, vignette Vive la serpe Aspice, Domine Isabelle Cazeaux, "Claudin d ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudin_de_Sermisy

Claudin, Philippe; Andreotti, Bruno (2006). "A scaling law for aeolian dunes on Mars, Venus, Earth, and for subaqueous ripples ... 19 (3-4): 173-210. Bibcode:1972Sedim..19..173W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1972.tb00020.x. ISSN 0037-0746. Cooper, William S. ( ... 101 (4): 703-720. Bibcode:2008Geomo.101..703B. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.03.011. ISSN 0169-555X. Wilson, Sharon A. (2004). " ... 29 (1-4): 77-96. doi:10.1016/0012-8252(0)90029-U. Boulton, J. Wayne (1997). Quantifying the morphology of aeolian impact ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_aeolian_ridges

over 1050 citations) Bouchaud, J.-P.; Claudin, P.; Levine, D.; Otto, M. (2001). "Force chain splitting in granular materials: A ... Bibcode:2001EPJE....4..451B. doi:10.1007/s101890170100. S2CID 17109407. Ertaş, D.; Grest, G. S.; Halsey, T. C.; Levine, D.; ... 107 (4): 045501. arXiv:1103.2977. Bibcode:2011PhRvL.107d5501S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.045501. PMID 21867017. S2CID ... mechanism for large-scale pseudo-elastic behaviour". The European Physical Journal E. 4 (4): 451-457. arXiv:cond-mat/0011213. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dov_Levine

Van Itallie CM, Mitic LL, Anderson JM (July 2012). "SUMOylation of claudin-2". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1258 ... 6 (4): 1045-1048. doi:10.3892/ol.2013.1472. PMC 3796434. PMID 24137461. Galanty Y, Belotserkovskaya R, Coates J, Polo S, Miller ... 25 (3): 112-4. doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(99)01537-6. PMID 10694879. Glass CK, Rosenfeld MG (January 2000). "The coregulator ... 1): 60-4. Bibcode:2012NYASA1258...60V. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06541.x. PMID 22731716. S2CID 45684330. Duval D, Duval G, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_inhibitor_of_activated_STAT

Claudin 4, also known as CLDN4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLDN4 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN4 claudin 4". Ohta Y, Sasaki Y, Saito M, Kushima M, Takimoto M, Shiokawa A, Ota H (2013). "Claudin-4 as a ... Claudin 4 can also be used as a marker for distinguishing malignant mesothelioma from lung cancer and uterine serous carcinoma ... Ohta Y, Sasaki Y, Saito M, Kushima M, Takimoto M, Shiokawa A, Ota H (2013). "Claudin-4 as a marker for distinguishing malignant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN4

Claudin grabs a sword to fight them with. Raoul fires his gun at Claudin, but Anatole knocks Raoul's arm, and the shot hits the ... She is unaware that Erique Claudin loves her and was the one who funded all her singing lessons. Claude Rains as Erique Claudin ... Enraged, Claudin strangles Pleyel. Georgette, the publisher's assistant, throws etching acid in Claudin's face, horribly ... Claudin hears his concerto being played in the office and is convinced that Pleyel is trying to steal it; unbeknownst to him, a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_of_the_Opera_(1943_film)

"Claudin-1 overexpression effect on lung adenocarcinoma cell line". NCBI GEO Profiles. Retrieved 4 May 2015. Vandepoele K, Van ... Retrieved 4 May 2015. Nathan JA, Kim HT, Ting L, Gygi SP, Goldberg AL (February 2013). "Why do cellular proteins linked to K63- ... 32 (4): 552-65. doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.354. PMC 3579138. PMID 23314748. Kim W, Bennett EJ, Huttlin EL, Guo A, Li J, Possemato A ... Retrieved 4 May 2015. Davis-Smyth T, Duncan RC, Zheng T, Michelotti G, Levens D (December 1996). "The far upstream element- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBPF1

Claudin-17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN17 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins; claudins are cell- ... Claudin-17 Deficiency in Mice Results in Kidney Injury Due to Electrolyte Imbalance and Oxidative Stress. Cells. 2022 May 29;11 ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN17 claudin 17". Adil, MS; Narayanan, SP; Somanath, PR (2021). "Cell-cell junctions: structure and regulation ... Krug SM, Günzel D, Conrad MP, Rosenthal R, Fromm A, Amasheh S, Schulzke JD, Fromm M (2012). "Claudin-17 forms tight junction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN17

Claudin-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN14 gene. It belongs to a related family of proteins called ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN14 claudin 14". Baker M, Reynolds LE, Robinson SD, Lees DM, Parsons M, Elia G, et al. (2013). "Stromal ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ... Sticky cells, blood vessels and cancer - the paradox of Claudin-14 - Marianne Baker, Cancer Research UK Science Update blog, 14 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN14

Claudin-5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN5 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. This gene encodes a ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN5 claudin 5 (transmembrane protein deleted in velocardiofacial syndrome)". Coyne CB, Gambling TM, Boucher RC, ... Kojima S, Rahner C, Peng S, Rizzolo LJ (2002). "Claudin 5 is transiently expressed during the development of the retinal ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2002). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN5

"Entrez Gene: CLDN9 claudin 9". Higashi AY, Higashi T, Furuse K, Ozeki K, Furuse M, Chiba H (Nov 2021). "Claudin-9 constitutes ... 2007). "Claudin-6 and claudin-9 function as additional coreceptors for hepatitis C virus". J. Virol. 81 (22): 12465-71. doi: ... Claudin-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN9 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. This gene is expressed ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN9

"Entrez Gene: CLDN1 claudin 1". Coyne CB, Gambling TM, Boucher RC, Carson JL, Johnson LG (Nov 2003). "Role of claudin ... Claudin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN1 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Tight junctions ... The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein and a component of tight ... Miyamori H, Takino T, Kobayashi Y, Tokai H, Itoh Y, Seiki M, Sato H (2001). "Claudin promotes activation of pro-matrix ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN1

Claudin-22 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN22 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN22 claudin 22". Human CLDN22 genome location and CLDN22 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. González ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ... Heiskala M, Peterson PA, Yang Y (2001). "The roles of claudin superfamily proteins in paracellular transport". Traffic. 2 (2): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN22

Claudin-11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN11 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins and was the first ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN11 claudin 11 (oligodendrocyte transmembrane protein)". Gow A, Southwood CM, Li JS, Pariali M, Riordan GP, ... The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the claudin family of tight junction associated proteins and is a major component ... Tiwari-Woodruff SK, Buznikov AG, Vu TQ, Micevych PE, Chen K, Kornblum HI, Bronstein JM (April 2001). "OSP/claudin-11 forms a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN11

Claudin 3, also known as CLDN3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLDN3 gene. It is a member of the claudin ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN3 claudin 3". Coyne CB, Gambling TM, Boucher RC, Carson JL, Johnson LG (Nov 2003). "Role of claudin ... "Expression of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4 in prostate cancer epithelium". Cancer Res ... The protein encoded by this intron-less gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein and a component ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN3

"Stalin and the Second World War" - Fernando Claudin 11. "The First Breach: The Excommunication of Yugoslavia" - Josip Tito 12 ... Retrieved 4 January 2019. Flewers, Paul. "Review: Tariq Ali, The Stalinist Legacy". Retrieved 8 January 2019. (Books critical ... Ernest Mandel 4. "Socialism in One Country" - Isaac Deutscher 5. "Marxism and Primitive Magic - ibid. 6. "Trotsky's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Stalinist_Legacy

"Entrez Gene: CLDN18 claudin 18". Niimi T, Nagashima K, Ward JM, et al. (2001). "claudin-18, a Novel Downstream Target Gene for ... Claudin 18.2) is abundant in gastric tumors. Experimental antibody IMAB362 targets Claudin 18.2 to help treat gastric cancers. ... Claudin-18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN18 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. CLDN18 belongs to ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN18

Claudin-19 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN19 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Claudin-19 has been ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN19 claudin 19". Naeem, M.; Hussain, S.; Akhtar, N. (2011). "Mutation in the Tight-Junction Gene Claudin 19 ( ... 2006). "Kidney claudin-19: localization in distal tubules and collecting ducts and dysregulation in polycystic renal disease". ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN19

Claudin-15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN15 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Among its related ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN15 claudin 15". Database, GeneCards Human Gene. "CLDN15 Gene - GeneCards , CLD15 Protein , CLD15 Antibody". ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ... Heiskala M, Peterson PA, Yang Y (2001). "The roles of claudin superfamily proteins in paracellular transport". Traffic. 2 (2): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN15

Claudin-16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN16 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Tight junctions ... The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein and a component of tight ... 2004). "A Novel Claudin 16 Mutation Associated with Childhood Hypercalciuria Abolishes Binding to ZO-1 and Results in Lysosomal ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN16 claudin 16". "Salmonella infection data for Cldn16". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "Citrobacter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN16

Claudin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN2 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Members of the claudin ... Claudin-2 is expressed in cation-leaky epithelia such as that of the kidney proximal tubule. Mice that are deficient in claudin ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN2 claudin 2". Muto, S.; Hata, M.; Taniguchi, J.; Tsuruoka, S.; Moriwaki, K.; Saitou, M.; Furuse, K.; Sasaki, H ... 1998). "Claudin-1 and -2: Novel Integral Membrane Proteins Localizing at Tight Junctions with No Sequence Similarity to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN2

Claudin-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN7 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Claudins, such as ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN7 claudin 7". Human CLDN7 genome location and CLDN7 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Kniesel U, ... 2005). "Claudin-1 is a strong prognostic indicator in stage II colonic cancer: a tissue microarray study". Mod. Pathol. 18 (4 ... 2003). "Loss of the tight junction protein claudin-7 correlates with histological grade in both ductal carcinoma in situ and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN7

"The expressions of claudin-1 and E-cadherin in junctional epithelium". Journal of Periodontal Research. 45 (4): 579-82. doi: ... 24 (4): 387-90. doi:10.1038/74224. PMID 10742103. S2CID 21030594. Wuyts W, Reardon W, Preis S, Homfray T, Rasore-Quartino A, ... 61 (4): 590-604. doi:10.5357/koubyou.61.590. PMID 7897272. S2CID 2781509. Hodgkinson JE, Davidson CL, Beresford J, Sharpe PT ( ... 21 Suppl A (Suppl A): S50-4. doi:10.1053/plac.1999.0514. PMID 10831122. Masuda Y, Sasaki A, Shibuya H, Ueno N, Ikeda K, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Msh_homeobox_2

"Tradition and Imitation in Pierre Certon's Déploration for Claudin de Sermisy". Revue de Musicologie. 85 (1): 29-62. doi: ... 5. Fallows 2001, §4 "Binchois and England". Strohm 2005, p. 243. Fallows 2001, § "Works". Bent 1981, p. 9. Bent, Margaret (1981 ... 4. Pryer 2011, § para. 2. Britannica 2021, § para. 2. Planchart 2004, § "Introduction". Fallows 2001, §1 "Life", para. 6. ... ISBN 0-393-09530-4. Schuler, Manfred (1976). "Neues zur Biographie von Gilles Binchois" [News on the Biography of Gilles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilles_Binchois

Claudin-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN12 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN12 claudin 12". Human CLDN12 genome location and CLDN12 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Kniesel ... 2001). "claudin-18, a novel downstream target gene for the T/EBP/NKX2.1 homeodomain transcription factor, encodes lung- and ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN12

... claudin-2, claudin-6, claudin-7 and occludin) and transcription factors (including GATA4). Changes in the expression of claudin ... Paschoud S, Bongiovanni M, Pache JC, Citi S (September 2007). "Claudin-1 and claudin-5 expression patterns differentiate lung ... Guillemot L, Citi S (August 2006). "Cingulin regulates claudin-2 expression and cell proliferation through the small GTPase ... Together with paracingulin, cingulin also was reported to regulate claudin-2 expression through RhoA-dependent and independent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cingulin

This mechanism is mediated by host claudin-3 and claudin-4 receptors, situated at the tight junctions. Clostridium enterotoxin ... "Expression of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4 in prostate cancer epithelium". Cancer ... This allows the human claudin-3,4,6,7,8 and 14 to bind but not 1,2,5, and 10. The way the protein work is it destroys the cell ... Van Itallie CM, Betts L, Smedley JG, McClane BA, Anderson JM (January 2008). "Structure of the claudin-binding domain of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_enterotoxin

Nevertheless, another sources document existence of mTEC unipotent progenitors that express claudin 3 and 4 (Cld3/4). These two ... "Medullary thymic epithelial cells expressing Aire represent a unique lineage derived from cells expressing claudin". Nature ... 9 (4): 370-6. doi:10.1038/embor.2008.11. PMC 2261226. PMID 18292755. Koh AS, Kuo AJ, Park SY, Cheung P, Abramson J, Bua D, ... 163 (4): 975-87. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.013. PMID 26544942. Derbinski J, Pinto S, Rösch S, Hexel K, Kyewski B (January 2008 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medullary_thymic_epithelial_cells

2012 - In silico directed mutagenesis identifies the CD81/claudin-1 hepatitis C virus receptor interface. Davis C, Harris HJ, ... Cellular microbiology 15: 430-45 Link 2013 - Heterogeneous claudin-1 expression in human liver. Harris HJ, Wilson GK, Hübscher ... Immunotherapy 4: 249-51 Link 2012 - Hepatitis C virus entry: beyond receptors. Meredith LW, Wilson GK, Fletcher NF, McKeating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_A._McKeating

Cates, M. E.; Wittmer, J. P.; Bouchaud, J.-P.; Claudin, P. (31 August 1998). "Jamming, Force Chains, and Fragile Matter". ... 4 April 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2014. "Google Scholar: Michael Cates". Media related to Michael Cates at Wikimedia Commons ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cates

ISBN 2710330733 Eugène de Mirecourt, Méry (1858) Text online Gustave Claudin, Méry : sa vie intime, anecdotique et littéraire ( ... Scène dramatique 1827: La Censure, scène historique 1827: Rome à Paris, poème en 4 chants 1827: Le Congrès des ministres, ou la ... poème en 4 chants Text online 1827: La Bacriade, ou la Guerre d'Alger, poème héroï-comique en 5 chants 1828: Napoléon en Égypte ... comédie en 4 actes et en prose, Paris, Théâtre de l'Odéon, 5 April 1851: Raphaël, historical comedy in 3 acts, in verse 1852: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Méry

These complexes, formed primarily of members of the claudin and the occludin families, consist of about 35 different proteins, ... 39 (4 Suppl 2): S53-58. doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000155521.81382.3a. ISSN 0192-0790. PMID 15758660. Näslund, Erik; Hellström, Per M ... Epithelial cells are continuously renewed every 4-5 days through a process of cell division, maturation, and migration. Renewal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_epithelium

Claudin-20 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN20 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN20 claudin 20". Human CLDN20 genome location and CLDN20 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Kniesel ... Hewitt KJ, Agarwal R, Morin PJ (Aug 2006). "The claudin gene family: expression in normal and neoplastic tissues". BMC Cancer. ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN20

... is concentrated at tight junctions through its possible interaction with claudin-1 and junctional adhesion molecule". The ... 17 (4): 341-7. PMID 15065765. Kornecki E, Walkowiak B, Naik UP, Ehrlich YH (Jun 1990). "Activation of human platelets by a ... doi:10.1016/S0161-5890(99)00122-4. PMID 10698320. Sobocka MB, Sobocki T, Banerjee P, Weiss C, Rushbrook JI, Norin AJ, Hartwig J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F11_receptor

... has overexpressed HER2/neu Normal breast-like Claudin-low: a more recently described class; often triple-negative, but distinct ... 19 (4): 980-991. doi:10.1200/JCO.2001.19.4.980. PMID 11181660. Olivotto IA, Bajdik CD, Ravdin PM, Speers CH, Coldman AJ, Norris ... Stage 4 is a metastatic cancer. Metastatic breast cancer has a less favorable prognosis. Receptor status. Cells have receptors ... 13 (4): 1135-45. doi:10.1677/erc.1.01222. PMID 17158759. Spears M, Bartlett J (June 2009). "The potential role of estrogen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer_classification

Claudin E is a molecule found in tight junctions that appears to be expressed in the EVL and required for normal zebrafish ... "The tight junction component claudin E is required for zebra fish epiboly". Developmental Dynamics. 239 (2): 715-722. doi: ... 108 (4): 569-80. doi:10.1242/dev.108.4.569. PMID 2387236. Donald A. Kane; Karen N. McFarland; Rachel M. Warga (2005-03-01). " ... 108 (4): 581-94. doi:10.1242/dev.108.4.581. PMID 2387237. D'Amico LA, Cooper MS (December 2001). "Morphogenetic domains in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiboly

Markov AG, Falchuk EL, Kruglova NM, Radloff J, Amasheh S (January 2016). "Claudin expression in follicle-associated epithelium ... 216 (1): 13-4. doi:10.1111/apha.12595. PMID 26335934. Pascall, C R; Stearn, E J; Mosley, J G (1980-07-05), "Short Reports", ... Listen to this article (4 minutes) This audio file was created from a revision of this article dated 30 July 2019 (2019-07-30 ... 175 (4): 885-93. doi:10.1136/gut.6.3.225. PMC 1552287. PMID 18668776. Haller, Albrecht von (1765). Elementa Physiologiae ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyer's_patch

Claudin de Sermisy, Thomas Crecquillon, Domenico Ferrabosco, Jean de Latre, Jacquet de Berchem, Jakob Meiland, Alexander ... 4 (1): 29. doi:10.5206/notabene.v4i1.6565. Retrieved 2 June 2016. Leszczyńska, Agnieszka. "The Beginnings of Musical Italianità ... Contains 4 pieces Jan Janca, Orgellandschaft Danzig-Westpreussen, published by MDG, MDG O 1274/75 in 1987, released as MDG 319 ... Contains 4 pieces Bogusław Grabowski, Music Treasures of Old Gdańsk - XIV-XVII, published by Futurex, FCD 0123, 1997; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdańsk_Tablature

Claudin, P; Andreotti, B (2006). "A scaling law for aeolian dunes on Mars, Venus, Earth, and for subaqueous ripples". Earth and ... Satherley, Dan (December 4, 2012). "'Complex chemistry' found on Mars". 3 News. Archived from the original on March 9, 2014. ... Retrieved December 4, 2012. Lieberman, Josh (September 26, 2013). "Mars Water Found: Curiosity Rover Uncovers 'Abundant, Easily ... 20 (10): 7301-8. doi:10.1007/s11356-013-1744-4. PMID 23673920. S2CID 21398332. Heinz, Jacob; Waajen, Annemiek C.; Airo, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martian_soil

"Decreased lactate dehydrogenase B expression enhances claudin 1-mediated hepatoma cell invasiveness via mitochondrial defects ... 11 (4): 239-44. doi:10.1080/10245330600774835. PMID 17178662. S2CID 36110689. de Haas T, Hasselt N, Troost D, Caron H, Popovic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactate_dehydrogenase_b

MicroRNA Gong Y, Renigunta V, Himmerkus N, Zhang J, Renigunta A, Bleich M, Hou J (April 2012). "Claudin-14 regulates renal Ca ... 4: 65. doi:10.1186/1755-8794-4-65. PMC 3195087. PMID 21923954. Delić D, Dkhil M, Al-Quraishy S, Wunderlich F (May 2011). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-374_microRNA_precursor_family

Claudin de Sermisy, French composer (b. 1495) October 18 - Anne d'Alençon, French noblewoman (b. 1492) November 7 - Maldeo ... October 4 - English forces under Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick, land at Le Havre to aid the Huguenots against the French ... May 4 - Lelio Sozzini, Italian Protestant theologian (b. 1525) July 1 - Wilhelm IV of Eberstein, German President of the ... October 4 - Christian Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer (d. 1647) October 19 - George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1562

ISBN 978-84-7222-878-8. Azcárate, Manuel; Fernando Claudin (1979). Marc Abeles; Charles-Albert Ryng (eds.). L'Europe de ... ISBN 978-0-8179-7453-4. Retrieved 2015-11-29. "Manuel Azcárate muere en Madrid a los 81 años". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. ... ISBN 978-1-78076-108-4. Retrieved 2015-11-29. Eaton, Samuel D. (1981). The Forces of Freedom in Spain 1974-1979: A Personal ... ISBN 2-13-037918-4. ISSN 0398-7922. Azcárate, Manuel (1986). La izquierda europea (in Spanish). Madrid: Ediciones El País. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Azcárate

In the 16th century, Claudin de Sermisy set the psalm. In the 17th century, Henry Dumont set this psalm for La Chapelle Royale ... "Some differences between Greek and Russian divine services and their significance". Retrieved 4 July 2013. R. J. Thesman, A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psalm_103

... is concentrated at tight junctions through its possible interaction with claudin-1 and junctional adhesion molecule". J. Biol. ... 43 (4): 563-74. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.08.003. PMID 15312654. S2CID 17190912. van de Pavert SA, Kantardzhieva A, Malysheva A ... 4)P2 and the multi-PDZ-domain-containing protein MUPP1 in vivo". Biochem. J. 361 (Pt 3): 525-36. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3610525 ... 4)P2 and the multi-PDZ-domain-containing protein MUPP1 in vivo". Biochem. J. 361 (Pt 3): 525-36. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3610525 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPDZ

2 January 2020). "An RNA vaccine drives expansion and efficacy of claudin-CAR-T cells against solid tumors". Science. 367 (6476 ... "Claudin-18 splice variant 2 is a pan-cancer target suitable for therapeutic antibody development". Clinical Cancer Research. 14 ... Plus CAPOX Compared With Placebo Plus CAPOX as First-line Treatment of Subjects With Claudin (CLDN) 18.2-Positive, HER2- ... 27 (4): 824-836. doi:10.1016/J.YMTHE.2018.12.011. ISSN 1525-0016. PMC 6453560. PMID 30638957. Wikidata Q91028225. Sahin, U.; et ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uğur_Şahin

"Tradition and Imitation in Pierre Certon's Déploration for Claudin de Sermisy". Revue de Musicologie. 85 (1): 29-62. doi: ... ISBN 978-1-5017-0486-4. Reese, Gustave (1940). Music in the Middle Ages: With an Introduction on the Music of Ancient Times. ... ISBN 978-0-19-316303-4. Earp, Lawrence (2013) [1995]. Guillaume de Machaut: A Guide to Research. Oxford: Taylor & Francis. ISBN ... ISBN 978-0-393-09750-4. Strohm, Reinhard (2005). The Rise of European Music, 1380-1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._Andrieu

... expression is significantly increased after the overexpression of claudin-1 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Claudin ... C11orf49 expression is significantly increased after the overexpression of Claudin-1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. C11orf49 ... Table 4. List of promoters associated with the C11orf49 human gene. The following transcription factors are predicted to bind ... The C11orf49 protein is predicted to be phosphorylated at 4 different sites, mainly on serine residues, but also on one ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C11orf49

"Medullary thymic epithelial cells expressing Aire represent a unique lineage derived from cells expressing claudin". Nature ... 200 (4): 493-505. doi:10.1084/jem.20040643. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2211934. PMID 15302902. Kurobe, Hirotsugu; Liu, Cunlan; Ueno, ... 46 (4): 846-856. doi:10.1002/eji.201545995. ISSN 0014-2980. PMC 4832341. PMID 26694097. Meireles, Catarina; Ribeiro, Ana R.; ... 39 (4): 956-964. doi:10.1002/eji.200839175. ISSN 0014-2980. PMID 19283781. Mizushima, Noboru; Yamamoto, Akitsugu; Matsui, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_thymic_epithelial_cells

... as well as production of epithelial proteins such as desmoplakin and claudin, and activate the expression of vimentin and ... 4) a change in the actin cytoskeleton polarization under myosin II-mediated control, the occurrence of cell body contractions; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_(cancer)

Between Guillaume Du Fay and Claudin de Sermisy, Binchois was the most prolific and important French composer of songs. The ... 4, A Birthday Offering for George Perle: 111-137. JSTOR 24617753. Zazulia, Emily (Spring 2018). "Composing in Theory: Busnoys, ... ISBN 0-393-09530-4. Taruskin, Richard (1995). "Busnoys and Chaikovsky". International Journal of Musicology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Busnois

... have increased blood-brain barrier permeability due to decreased expression of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5 ... 20 (4): 336-343. doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-1878(199804)20:4. 3.3.co;2-j. PMID 9619105.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names ... 4 (4): 623-632. doi:10.1038/s41564-018-0337-x. ISSN 2058-5276. PMID 30718848. S2CID 59603019. Hsiao, Elaine Y.; McBride, Sara W ... 4 (6): 603-611. doi:10.1038/mi.2011.41. PMC 3774538. PMID 21975936. Macpherson, AJ (2008). "The immune geography of IgA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_symbiosis_and_immunity

Rabbit Polyclonal Claudin 1 antibody C-Term for IHC, WB. Order anti-Claudin 1 antibody ABIN2704650. ... Target Details for Claudin 1 (hide) Target Claudin 1 (CLDN1) Alternative Name Claudin 1 (CLDN1 Products) Synonyms CLD1, ILVASC ... Target See all Claudin 1 (CLDN1) Antibodies Claudin 1 (CLDN1) Binding Specificity All epitopes for Claudin 1 antibodies * AA ... SEMP1, AI596271, cldn19, claudin-1, cld1, ilvasc, semp1, CLDN1, claudin 1, claudin 1 S homeolog, CLDN1, Cldn1, cldn1, cldn1.S ...

https://www.antibodies-online.com/antibody/2704650/anti-Claudin+1+CLDN1+C-Term+antibody/

Claudin 4. Mohamed et al. did RT-PCR from the cell pellet of 75 effusion sample and noted that mRNA of claudin 4 is high in the ... Claudin 4[32] 75 total cases; 56 malignant and 19 benign. Cell pellet. RT-PCR. mRNA of claudin 4 detected in cells of effusion ... They suggested that the detection of claudin 4 gene upregulation may help in the diagnosis of malignancy.[32] ... The detection of claudin 4 gene upregulation may help in the diagnosis of malignancy. ...

https://cytojournal.com/molecular-testing-on-serous-effusion-an-update/

T2 - Reductions in claudin-1 may enhance susceptibility to herpes simplex virus 1 infections in atopic dermatitis (Journal of ... Erratum: Reductions in claudin-1 may enhance susceptibility to herpes simplex virus 1 infections in atopic dermatitis (Journal ... Erratum : Reductions in claudin-1 may enhance susceptibility to herpes simplex virus 1 infections in atopic dermatitis (Journal ... Erratum : Reductions in claudin-1 may enhance susceptibility to herpes simplex virus 1 infections in atopic dermatitis (Journal ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/erratum-reductions-in-claudin-1-may-enhance-susceptibility-to-her-4

The disruption of epithelial integrity by IFN-γ and IL-4 in vitro indicates a possible role for these proinflammatory cytokines ... Defective epithelial barrier in chronic rhinosinusitis: the regulation of tight junctions by IFN-γ and IL-4 J Allergy Clin ... Claudin-4 / genetics * Claudin-4 / metabolism * Gene Expression Regulation * Humans * Interferon-gamma / immunology ... The disruption of epithelial integrity by IFN-γ and IL-4 in vitro indicates a possible role for these proinflammatory cytokines ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22840853/?dopt=Abstract

Claudin-4: MPO enabled the screening of 400 variants of the tetra-spanning membrane protein claudin-4 to identify mutations ... E) A mutation library of claudin-4 was screened for increases in detergent solubility while retaining conformation. (F) A ...

https://www.genengnews.com/magazine/optimizing-membrane-protein-expression/

Claudin-4 can be used as a single marker for carcinoma with high sensitivity and superior specificity compared with MOC-31 and ... Claudin-4 showed high sensitivity (93.7%), albeit lower than MOC-31. MOC-31 had the lowest specificity and PPV but the highest ... Claudin-4 is a sensitive and specific marker for carcinoma in effusion cytology. The authors examined the diagnostic use of ... In equivocal cytology samples with few scattered cells of interest, a panel of claudin-4 and Ber-EP4 results in the highest ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/mdl-36522809

Claudin-2 as a mediator of leaky gut barrier during intestinal inflammation. Tissue Barriers. 2015;3(1-2):e977176. ... 2015;64(4):538-543.. *Hijazi Z, Molla AM, Al-Habashi H, Muawad WM, Molla AM, Sharma PN. Intestinal permeability is increased in ... 2004;32(4):185-190.. *Assa A, Vong L, Pinnell LJ, Avitzur N, Johnson-Henry KC, Sherman PM. Vitamin D deficiency promotes ... 2014;32(4):345-353.. *Lambert MT, Bjarnason I, Connelly J, et al. Small intestine permeability in schizophrenia. Br J ...

https://robbwolf.com/2016/11/10/could-leaky-gut-be-the-hidden-cause-of-your-health-problems-4-causes-and-4-solutions/

Claudin-2 deficiency associates with hypercalciuria in mice and human kidney stone disease. J Clin Invest. 2020 Apr 1. 130 (4): ... Activation of the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor increases renal claudin-14 expression and urinary Ca(2+) excretion. Am J Physiol ... Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis associated with a novel mutation of the highly conserved leucine residue 116 of Claudin 16 ... NL = normal; PO4 = phosphate; PTH = parathyroid hormone.. * Regular diet is unrestricted calcium and sodium intake. Normal ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/2182757-185375/what-is-included-in-long-term-monitoring-of-hypercalciuria

We also detected a profound increase in 4 kDa FITC-dextran permeability in C. concisus-infected cell monolayers only in co- ... The expression of claudin-2, claudin-7, and claudin-8 was unaltered after C. concisus infection in both monoculture and co- ... Weber, C.R.; Nalle, S.C.; Tretiakova, M.; Rubin, D.T.; Turner, J.R. Claudin-1 and claudin-2 expression is elevated in ... Among barrier-forming claudins, we found a significant increase in claudin-1 expression and a decrease in claudin-5 expression ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/2043

Claudin-5 and VE-Cadherin expression was not significantly higher under hypoxic condition (C). Expression of other tight ... Results show improved organization of claudin-5 in organoids that were treated with SDG or 2-AG for 48 hours before culturing ... These studies showed significant increase in blood occludin levels and non-significant levels in blood claudin-5 levels63. ... Results also showed maintenance of claudin-5 and beta catenin under hypoxic condition when organoids were treated with SDG and ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-66487-8?elqTrackId=c6110966b7b541e69110345561e951e8&error=cookies_not_supported&code=612964a8-97bb-4896-90e4-e601ee53fd10

All mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (NC), model group (Model), Cuscuta-Salvia group (CS), and ... Ovary tissues, liver tissues, and adipose tissue from the mice were fixed in 4% PBS-paraformaldehyde solution (pH7.4) at room ... Ying-ying Zhang, Jian-xiong Ma, Yu-tian Zhu, Yi-xuan Wang, Wang-qiang Chen, and 4 more ... By means of eliminating the overlapping targets, 195 related targets were obtained (Table 4). ...

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-642886/v1

Dive into the research topics of MicroRNA 29 targets nuclear factor-κB-repressing factor and claudin 1 to increase intestinal ... MicroRNA 29 targets nuclear factor-κB-repressing factor and claudin 1 to increase intestinal permeability. ...

https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/microrna-29-targets-nuclear-factor-%CE%BAb-repressing-factor-and-claud/fingerprints/

Claudin II 75. 76. Bechtel C-270. Ce³ C-425. Pell 3529. 3529A. CRF V 261. CRF XVII 180. CIBN C-267. Chantilly 415. Pollard: ... Claudin IV 417. Bechtel C-258. Pell 3522. CIBN C-270. BMC VIII 285.IA 42275. ISTC ic00427700. ... Claudin IV 413. Bechtel C-280. CIBN C-274. Pr 8693. BMC VIII 285.IA 42276. ISTC ic00429100. ... Claudin III 408-409. Bechtel H-58. Pell 6058. CIBN C-282. ISTC ih00491300. ...

https://gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de/docs/CHARALA.htm

Claudin III 119. Bechtel E-170. Pell 220. CRF X 4. ISTC ia00118200. ... 4. Fabulae novae nach Rinucius. 5. Fabulae Aviani. 6. Fabulae collectae. Französisch. ...

https://www.gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de/docs/GW00368.htm

Socolar, JES; Schaeffer, DG; Claudin, P, Directed force chain networks and stress response in static granular materials., The ... 4 (April, 2002), pp. 353-370 [doi] [abs] *Schaeffer, DG; Tolkacheva, E; Mitchell, C, Analysis of the Fenton-Karma model through ... 4, no. 1, pp. 133--144, 1977 [MR58:24345] *Schaeffer, David G., One-sided estimates for the curvature of the free boundary in ... 4), vol. 83, pp. 153--174, 1969 [MR41:7271] *Schaeffer, David G., A note on the representation of a solution of an elliptic ...

http://fds.duke.edu/db/aas/math/faculty/dgs/publications

Claudin De Sermisy (1) * Dominique Phinot (1) * Jean Mouton (1) * Johannes Lupi (1) ...

https://www.platekompaniet.no/medvirkende/brabant-ensemble/

The expression of claudin-5, occludin, ZO-1, and connexin-43 was significantly decreased. The damage caused by ZnO NPs could be ... These results suggest that ZnO NPs are able to induce ROS generation, cause damage to TM-4 cells, and disrupt the integrity of ... The absorption rate of TiO2 particles is approximately 0.06%-4% and is lowest in the stomach and highest in the large intestine ... This review showed that ZnO NPs increased TM-4 cell membrane permeability and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. ...

https://www.dovepress.com/potential-adverse-effects-of-nanoparticles-on-the-reproductive-system-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN

Ainoa Nieto‐Claudin; Fernando Esperón; Kathleen Apakupakul; Irene Peña; Sharon L. Deem. Source:. Transboundary and emerging ... 4. Productivity and food web structure: association between productivity and link richness among top predators ... Part 4. Order Strigiformes, genera Tyto, Otus, Bubo, Strix, Surnia, Glaucidium, Athene, Aegolius & Asio ... Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club 2020 v.140 no.4 pp. 387-392. ISSN:. 2513-9894. Subject:. Bubo; new species; Cuba. ...

https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=Bubo&f%5Btext_availability%5D%5B%5D=Citation+in+PubAg&per_page=100&search_field=subject&sort=date-asc

Claudin-10a deficiency shifts proximal tubular Cl-permeability to cation selectivity via claudin-2 redistribution. Journal of ... Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 231 (1-4), S. 224 - ... Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 231 (1-4), S. 229 - ...

https://www.cbs.mpg.de/publication-search/1023027?deactivate_global_blacklist=false&page=1&person=%2Fpersons%2Fresource%2Fpersons229900

The results showed expression of claudin-5, claudin-7 and low expression of occludin in OSCC. Only claudin-7 expression showed ... Expression of claudin-5, claudin-7 and occludin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their clinico-pathological significance. ... The claudin-5 immunoreactivity was observed in 26.6% of cases. The positive immunoreactivity of claudin-7 is more noted (93.3 ... Expression of claudin-5, claudin-7 and occludin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their clinico-pathological significance. ...

https://roderic.uv.es/handle/10550/54684

PAX8, SF1, and GATA-3 were rarely positive, while claudin-4, FOXL2, and TTF-1 were consistently negative. All sequenced tumors ... and claudin-4. One of three cases was positive for WT-1. Targeted MPS was successfully performed on 4 of 5 tumors, and showed ... claudin-4, SMARCA4, and SMARCB1. Targeted molecular profiling was performed on 15 cases. Patients with SDUS were significantly ... Two of the 4 cases presented at an advanced stage, and a third case later developed distant metastases. On the basis of this ...

https://profiles.stanford.edu/187369

Enhancement of barrier function by overexpression of claudin-4 in tight junctions of submandibular gland cells ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Other-Medically-Important-Serious-Event/1390777

A) Claudin-1. (B) Occludin. (C)ZO-1. (D)MUC2. †p , 0.05, ††p , 0.01 vs CTR; #p , 0.05, ##p , 0.01 vs DSS; *p , 0.05, **p , 0.01 ... The CM-MSC and CM-Ac-MSC group showed about 41.2 and 58.8% higher (p , 0.01) Claudin-1 mRNA expression level than DSS group, ... In this study, the expression levels of TJs (Claudin-1, Occludin and ZO-1) and MUC2 were determined by RT-qPCR. As described in ... CM-AcMSC enhanced the mRNA expression levels of tight junctions (Claudin, Occludin and ZO-1) and MUC2 in colon tissues, n = 6. ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.694908/full

Experimental obstructive jaundice alters claudin-4 expression in the intestinal mucosa. Effectof bombesin and neurotensin. ...

http://www.bioacademy.gr/lab/charonis/G8o/publications?lang=gr

... including claudin 1, claudin 3, occludin, and ZO-1 in the intestine and brain, demonstrating a widespread defect in intestinal ... Membranes were probed with rabbit antibodies against the following proteins: Aβ (1:200; Santa Cruz, USA), claudin 1 (1:1000; ... The specific primers and probes designed for mouse claudin (CLDN)1, CLDN2, CLDN3, CLDN8, CLDN15, occludin, tight junction ... Bioworld, USA), claudin 3 (1:1000; Bioworld, USA), occludin (1:800; Bioworld, USA), ZO-1 (1:500; Proteintech, USA), and ...

https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-018-1223-4

4: Parts of T-piece resuscitator.. Parts: Gas inlet, patient outlet PIP (peak inspiratory pressure), control, PEEP (positive ... 4. Which of the following devices provide PEEP during resuscitation (more than one may be true)? ... Of approximately 4 million neonatal deaths globally, 23% are accounted by birth asphyxia. ... Birth asphyxia accounts for about 23% of the approximately 4 million neonatal deaths worldwide. ...

https://jaypeedigital.com/eReader/chapter/9789389587234/ch1

Claudin de Sermisy Clément Marot 2 Secular Chansons SATB Un jour Robin alloit aux champs 1528 Claudin de Sermisy 25 Secular ... Claudin de Sermisy 7 Secular Chansons SATB,TTBB Jattends secours 1528 Claudin de Sermisy Clément Marot 20 Secular Chansons ... Claudin de Sermisy Clément Marot 5 Secular Chansons SATB,ATTB Languir me fais 1528 Claudin de Sermisy Clément Marot 21 Secular ... Claudin de Sermisy Clément Marot 19 Secular Chansons SATB Dont vient cela 1528 Claudin de Sermisy Clément Marot 3 Secular ...

http://cpdl.org/wiki/index.php/Chansons_nouvelles_en_musique_%C3%A0_quatre_parties_

Claudin Cherelus led Alcorns defense with 14 total tackles and one sack. McCullum had seven tackles to go with his game-ending ... Alcorn State (4-5, 3-3 Southwestern Athletic Conference) ended a three-game losing streak and has won the last five meetings ... against Prairie View A&M (5-4, 4-2).. Alcorn will return home to face Bethune-Cookman next Saturday, Nov. 12, at 2 p.m. at Jack ...

https://www.vicksburgpost.com/2022/11/04/alcorn-state-beats-prairie-view-in-overtime-to-stop-losing-streak/

Molecular mechanisms of somatostatin-mediated intestinal epithelial barrier function restoration by upregulating claudin-4 in ... 4. Jiangrui Liu, Liangpan Shi, Wenchang Huang, Zhihua Zheng, Xiaohui Huang, Yibin Su, Young-Su Yi. Homoharringtonine Attenuates ... Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2020; 9(4): 557 doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.11.011 ... Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2021; 11(4): 1119 doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.11.007 ...

https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/CitedArticles?id=10.3748%2Fwjg.v23.i33.6016

Zolbetuximab is an investigational first-in-class monoclonal antibody targeting Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), for the first-line treatment of patients with CLDN18.2-positive, HER2-negative, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. (pressreach.com)

The tetraspan membrane protein is a member of the claudin family of tight junction proteins. (lamerie.com)
Developmental Profile of Claudin-3, Claudin-5, and Claudin-16 Tight Junction Proteins in the Chick Intestine. (ncsu.edu)

Many proteins in the claudin family have high sequence identity. (lamerie.com)

The authors examined the diagnostic use of claudin-4 versus MOC-31 and Ber-EP4 by comparing their sensitivity , specificity , positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) in differentiating carcinoma from mesothelioma and benign/mesothelial hyperplasia in effusion specimens. (bvsalud.org)
Compared to MOC-31 and Ber-EP4, claudin-4 had the highest specificity and PPV (100% for each), followed by Ber-EP4. (bvsalud.org)
Claudin-4 can be used as a single marker for carcinoma with high sensitivity and superior specificity compared with MOC-31 and Ber-EP4. (bvsalud.org)
In equivocal cytology samples with few scattered cells of interest, a panel of claudin-4 and Ber-EP4 results in the highest combined sensitivity and specificity . (bvsalud.org)

Recognizes endogenous levels of Claudin 1 protein. (antibodies-online.com)
Background: Claudin and occludin are the important tight junctions protein in human. (uv.es)
Immunohistochemical analyses of benign and malignant prostate tissue samples of 95 PCa patients, who underwent radical prostatectomy (RPE), revealed a significant elevated expression of Robo 4 as well as its ligand Slit 2 protein in cancerous tissue compared to benign. (medsci.org)
This finding was also confirmed in vitro as PC3 PCa cells express Robo 4 on mRNA as well as protein level. (medsci.org)
A-kinase anchoring protein 4 [Sourc. (gsea-msigdb.org)

The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of claudin-5, claudin-7 and occludin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their relationships with the prognostically-related clinico-pathologic features. (uv.es)
Material and Methods: Standard indirect immunohistochemical technique using anti-claudin-5, anti-claudin-7 and anti-occludin was performed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 66 OSCC samples from Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University. (uv.es)
Only 4 cases showed occludin immunoreactivity (8.9%) and all of them show positivity less than 25% of cancer cells. (uv.es)
Conclusions: The results showed expression of claudin-5, claudin-7 and low expression of occludin in OSCC. (uv.es)

Claudin-1 gene variants and susceptibility to hepatitis C infection in HIV-1 infected intravenous drug users (an ANRS case-control study). (cdc.gov)

Overexpression of Robo 4 in PC3 as well as in Robo 4 negative DU145 and LNCaP PCa cells was associated with a significant decrease in cell-proliferation and cell-viability. (medsci.org)

Both treatment strategies (VEGF neutralizing antibodies or VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors) proved clinical efficacy in several tumor entities, however therapy success is hampered by development of evasive resistance or already pre-existing intrinsic refractoriness ( 4 - 6 ). (medsci.org)

The cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4 decreased TER, whereas IL-17 did not have any influence on epithelial integrity. (nih.gov)
The disruption of epithelial integrity by IFN-γ and IL-4 in vitro indicates a possible role for these proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of patients with CRS. (nih.gov)
In contrast to so far described exclusive expression of Robo 4 in the tumor vascular network, our analyses showed that in PCa Robo 4 is not only expressed in the tumor stroma but also in cancer epithelial cells. (medsci.org)
In summary we observed that Robo 4 plays a considerable role in PCa development as it is expressed in cancer epithelial cells as well as in the surrounding tumor stroma. (medsci.org)
We summarize results from 4 different infectivity trials that used 3-D small intestinal epithelial cells ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)

Claudin-10a deficiency shifts proximal tubular Cl-permeability to cation selectivity via claudin-2 redistribution. (mpg.de)

The claudin-5 immunoreactivity was observed in 26.6% of cases. (uv.es)

Association of dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with breast cancer risk in pre- and postmenopausal Chinese women - Menopause 2022 Jul 26 - 'Higher intake of marine n-3 PUFAs and total n-3 PUFAs was associated with lower risk of breast cancer, with adjusted OR quartile 4 v.1 (95% confidence intervals) of 0.68 (0.55-0.84) and 0.56 (0.42-0.75), respectively. (qualitycounts.com)

aquaporin 4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Transcripts of claudin-1, a component of blood-brain barrier, increased in olfactory bulb and striatum. (cdc.gov)

Junctophilin-4, a component of the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions, regulates Ca2+ dynamics in T cells. (genscript.com)
Data show that junctophilin-4 (JP4) is expressed in T cells and localized at the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions to regulate Ca(2+) signaling. (genscript.com)

It is also closely-related to drug resistance of tumor cells ( 4 ). (iiarjournals.org)

Only loss of claudin-7 expression was associated with the high pathologic grade, advanced TNM staging, large tumor size, the presence of microscopic perineural, vascular invasions and regional lymph node involvement. (uv.es)
The magic roundabout receptor 4 (Robo 4) is a tumor endothelial marker expressed in the vascular network of various tumor entities. (medsci.org)
In advanced stage we observed a hypothesis-generating trend that high Robo 4 and Slit 2 expression is associated with delayed development of tumor recurrence compared to patients with low Robo 4 and Slit 2 expression, respectively. (medsci.org)
Claudin 6 (CLDN6) is a compelling tumor antigen. (lamerie.com)
The facts that preliminary clinical experience shows high anti-tumor activity of the first drug candidate and that the competitive field still is limited, make claudin 6 an exceptionally attractive target for drug discovery and development. (lamerie.com)

KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide encompassing a sequence within the C-term region of human Claudin 1. (antibodies-online.com)
The exogenous promoter and human FGL1 coding sequence was inserted to replace part of murine exon 4 and all of exons 5-7. (biocytogen.com)

Gene expression was slightly altered in the JP-3 and JP-4 Knockout cerebellum. (genscript.com)

Mus musculus junctophilin 4 (Jph4), mRNA. (genscript.com)

Claudin-4 showed high sensitivity (93.7%), albeit lower than MOC-31. (bvsalud.org)
controversially patients with high Robo 4 tend to exert lower biochemical recurrence possibly reflecting a protective role of Robo 4. (medsci.org)

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , 128 (4), 903. (elsevier.com)
Journal of medical virology 2015 Apr 87 (4): 619-24. (cdc.gov)

Mesothelial lineage can be ruled out when claudin-4 is positive. (bvsalud.org)

Thus, the present study investigates for the first time the impact of Robo 4 in PCa both in the clinical setting and in vitro . (medsci.org)

Claudin-4 is a sensitive and specific marker for carcinoma in effusion cytology . (bvsalud.org)

Moreover, increased Robo 4 expression was associated with higher Gleason score and pT stage. (medsci.org)

Cancer Cytopathol;131(4): 245-253, 2023 04. (bvsalud.org)
However, the role of Robo 4 in prostate cancer (PCa), the second common cause of cancer death among men in -developed countries, has not been described yet. (medsci.org)

Only claudin-7 expression showed impact on clinic-pathological parameter of OSCC. (uv.es)

There is a tendency towards the association of the higher claudin-7 expression and a longer survival time (P=0.012). (uv.es)

interleukin 4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;A. (gsea-msigdb.org)

This unique muscle car (or whatever is left out of it) belongs to the French pro drifter Alexandre Claudin who simply wanted to stand out with something different and while some will say this is not what the 1968 Dodge Charger is meant for, Alexandre has definitely achieved his goal. (hot-cars.org)

Cell block sections were stained for claudin-4 and compared with those previously stained for MOC-31 and Ber-EP4. (bvsalud.org)

The utility of claudin-4 versus MOC-31 and Ber-EP4 in the diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in cytology specimens. (bvsalud.org)

Furthermore, environmental factors, which may act to induce oxidative stress and concomitant inflammation, may play a key role in the etiology of AD [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Claudin-4 is found associated with CLAUDIN -8 in the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCT where it may play a role in paracellular chloride ion reabsorption. (bvsalud.org)

Claudin Cherelus led Alcorn's defense with 14 total tackles and one sack. (vicksburgpost.com)

A recent clinical study reported that the incidence of CVST has been historically underestimated [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Optimizing Membrane Protein Expression (genengnews.com)

Could Leaky Gut be the Hidden Cause of Your Health Problems? 4 Causes and 4 Solutions (robbwolf.com)

Hypercalciuria Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Dietary Treatment, Pharmacologic Therapy (medscape.com)

IJMS | Free Full-Text | Immune-Mediated Aggravation of the Campylobacter concisus-Induced Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction (mdpi.com)

Multicellular 3D Neurovascular Unit Model for Assessing Hypoxia and Neuroinflammation Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction |... (nature.com)

Hypomagnesemia: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology (medscape.com)

Study on the Mechanisms and Experimental Verification of Cuscuta-Salvia (Tusizi-Danshen) in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary... (researchsquare.com)

Hypercalciuria Medication: Diuretics, Thiazide, Urinary Alkalinizing Agents, Bisphosphonates, Estrogen Derivatives (medscape.com)

Potential adverse effects of nanoparticles on the reproductive system | IJN (dovepress.com)

Mitarbeiter | Max-Planck-Institut für Kognitions- und Neurowissenschaften (cbs.mpg.de)

Brooke Howitt's Profile | Stanford Profiles (profiles.stanford.edu)

Anatomy28

Organisms6

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin fragment removes specific claudins from tight junction strands: Evidence for direct involvement of claudins in tight junction barrier. (1/170)

Regulated expression of claudin-4 decreases paracellular conductance through a selective decrease in sodium permeability. (2/170)

Expression of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4 in prostate cancer epithelium. (3/170)

Molecular regulation of urothelial renewal and host defenses during infection with uropathogenic Escherichia coli. (4/170)

Claudins create charge-selective channels in the paracellular pathway between epithelial cells. (5/170)

The renal segmental distribution of claudins changes with development. (6/170)

Changes in gene expression during the early to mid-luteal (receptive phase) transition in human endometrium detected by high-density microarray screening. (7/170)

Expression, solubilization, and biochemical characterization of the tight junction transmembrane protein claudin-4. (8/170)

Claudins

Claudin-3

Claudin-1

Claudin-4

Tight Junctions

Claudin-5

Membrane Proteins

Occludin

Zonula Occludens-1 Protein

Zonula Occludens-2 Protein

Claudin-2

Blood-Testis Barrier

Permeability

Electric Impedance

Tissue Embedding

Takifugu

Epithelial Cells

Hypercalciuria

Gitelman Syndrome

Nephrocalcinosis

Cell Membrane Permeability

Caco-2 Cells

Loop of Henle

Freeze Fracturing

Neuroepithelial Cells

Epithelium

Gills

Dogs

Adherens Junctions

Sertoli Cells

Adenoma, Oxyphilic

Immunohistochemistry

Intercellular Junctions

Cell Line

Protein Isoforms

Gene Knockdown Techniques

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

Kidney

Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect

Salinity

Tissue Array Analysis

Clostridium perfringens

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Phosphoproteins

Molecular Sequence Data

Hearing Loss

RNA, Messenger

Intestinal Mucosa

Cochlea

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Kidney Tubules, Distal

Enterotoxins

Spermatocytes

Cytoplasmic Vesicles

Sarcoma, Synovial

Gene Deletion

Gene Expression Regulation

Cells, Cultured

Respiratory Mucosa

Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal

Tumor Markers, Biological

Gene Expression Profiling

Mucous Membrane

Epithelium, Corneal

Amino Acid Sequence

Absorption

Microscopy, Fluorescence

Gene Order

Blood-Brain Barrier

Phenotype

Pulmonary Alveoli

Zebrafish Proteins

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Cadherins

Carcinoma, Lewis Lung

Blotting, Western

Zebrafish

Nerve Tissue Proteins

Protein Transport