Claudin 2. Medical search

A large family of transmembrane proteins found in TIGHT JUNCTIONS. They take part in the formation of paracellular barriers and pores that regulate paracellular permeability.

A ubiquitously-expressed claudin subtype that acts as a general barrier-forming protein in TIGHT JUNCTIONS. Elevated expression of claudin-3 is found in a variety of tumor cell types, suggesting its role as a therapeutic target for specific ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS.

An integral membrane protein that is localized to TIGHT JUNCTIONS, where it plays a role in controlling the paracellular permeability of polarized cells. Mutations in the gene for claudin-1 are associated with Neonatal Ichthyosis-Sclerosing Cholangitis (NISCH) Syndrome.

A claudin subtype that takes part in maintaining the barrier-forming property of TIGHT JUNCTIONS. Claudin-4 is found associated with CLAUDIN-8 in the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCT where it may play a role in paracellular chloride ion reabsorption.

Cell-cell junctions that seal adjacent epithelial cells together, preventing the passage of most dissolved molecules from one side of the epithelial sheet to the other. (Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, p22)

A claudin subtype that is found localized to TIGHT JUNCTIONS in VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. The protein was initially identified as one of several proteins which are deleted in VELOCARDIOFACIAL SYNDROME and may play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A MARVEL domain protein that plays an important role in the formation and regulation of the TIGHT JUNCTION paracellular permeability barrier.

A 195-kDa zonula occludens protein that is distinguished by the presence of a ZU5 domain at the C-terminal of the molecule.

A zonula occludens protein subtype found in epithelial cell junctions. Several isoforms of zonula occludens-2 protein exist due to use of alternative promoter regions and alternative mRNA splicings.

A claudin subtype that is associated with the formation of cation-selective channels and increased epithelial permeability. It is localized to the TIGHT JUNCTIONS of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE and INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM.

A specialized barrier, in the TESTIS, between the interstitial BLOOD compartment and the adluminal compartment of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. The barrier is formed by layers of cells from the VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM of the capillary BLOOD VESSELS, to the SEMINIFEROUS EPITHELIUM of the seminiferous tubules. TIGHT JUNCTIONS form between adjacent SERTOLI CELLS, as well as between the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS.

Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.

The resistance to the flow of either alternating or direct electrical current.

The technique of placing cells or tissue in a supporting medium so that thin sections can be cut using a microtome. The medium can be paraffin wax (PARAFFIN EMBEDDING) or plastics (PLASTIC EMBEDDING) such as epoxy resins.

A genus of pufferfish commonly used for research.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Excretion of abnormally high level of CALCIUM in the URINE, greater than 4 mg/kg/day.

An inherited renal disorder characterized by defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME, Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.

A condition characterized by calcification of the renal tissue itself. It is usually seen in distal RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS with calcium deposition in the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES and the surrounding interstitium. Nephrocalcinosis causes RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells.

Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as ENTEROCYTES. These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation.

The U-shaped portion of the renal tubule in the KIDNEY MEDULLA, consisting of a descending limb and an ascending limb. It is situated between the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE and the DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE.

Preparation for electron microscopy of minute replicas of exposed surfaces of the cell which have been ruptured in the frozen state. The specimen is frozen, then cleaved under high vacuum at the same temperature. The exposed surface is shadowed with carbon and platinum and coated with carbon to obtain a carbon replica.

Cells of epithelial origin possessing specialized sensory functions. They include cells that are found in the TASTE BUDS; OLFACTORY MUCOSA; COCHLEA; and NEUROEPITHELIAL BODIES.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

Paired respiratory organs of fishes and some amphibians that are analogous to lungs. They are richly supplied with blood vessels by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged directly with the environment.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Anchoring points where the CYTOSKELETON of neighboring cells are connected to each other. They are composed of specialized areas of the plasma membrane where bundles of the ACTIN CYTOSKELETON attach to the membrane through the transmembrane linkers, CADHERINS, which in turn attach through their extracellular domains to cadherins in the neighboring cell membranes. In sheets of cells, they form into adhesion belts (zonula adherens) that go all the way around a cell.

Supporting cells projecting inward from the basement membrane of SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN and hormones such as ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE. The tight junctions of Sertoli cells with the SPERMATOGONIA and SPERMATOCYTES provide a BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER.

A usually benign glandular tumor composed of oxyphil cells, large cells with small irregular nuclei and dense acidophilic granules due to the presence of abundant MITOCHONDRIA. Oxyphil cells, also known as oncocytes, are found in oncocytomas of the kidney, salivary glands, and endocrine glands. In the thyroid gland, oxyphil cells are known as Hurthle cells and Askanazy cells.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Direct contact of a cell with a neighboring cell. Most such junctions are too small to be resolved by light microscopy, but they can be visualized by conventional or freeze-fracture electron microscopy, both of which show that the interacting CELL MEMBRANE and often the underlying CYTOPLASM and the intervening EXTRACELLULAR SPACE are highly specialized in these regions. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p792)

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.

The artificial induction of GENE SILENCING by the use of RNA INTERFERENCE to reduce the expression of a specific gene. It includes the use of DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA, such as SMALL INTERFERING RNA and RNA containing HAIRPIN LOOP SEQUENCE, and ANTI-SENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

Degree of saltiness, which is largely the OSMOLAR CONCENTRATION of SODIUM CHLORIDE plus any other SALTS present. It is an ecological factor of considerable importance, influencing the types of organisms that live in an ENVIRONMENT.

The simultaneous analysis of multiple samples of TISSUES or CELLS from BIOPSY or in vitro culture that have been arranged in an array format on slides or microchips.

The most common etiologic agent of GAS GANGRENE. It is differentiable into several distinct types based on the distribution of twelve different toxins.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.

The part of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is concerned with hearing. It forms the anterior part of the labyrinth, as a snail-like structure that is situated almost horizontally anterior to the VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH.

Phenotypic changes of EPITHELIAL CELLS to MESENCHYME type, which increase cell mobility critical in many developmental processes such as NEURAL TUBE development. NEOPLASM METASTASIS and DISEASE PROGRESSION may also induce this transition.

The portion of renal tubule that begins from the enlarged segment of the ascending limb of the LOOP OF HENLE. It reenters the KIDNEY CORTEX and forms the convoluted segments of the distal tubule.

Substances that are toxic to the intestinal tract causing vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; most common enterotoxins are produced by bacteria.

Male germ cells derived from SPERMATOGONIA. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo MEIOSIS and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to SPERMATIDS.

Membrane-limited structures derived from the plasma membrane or various intracellular membranes which function in storage, transport or metabolism.

A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae. The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1363)

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The mucous membrane lining the RESPIRATORY TRACT, including the NASAL CAVITY; the LARYNX; the TRACHEA; and the BRONCHI tree. The respiratory mucosa consists of various types of epithelial cells ranging from ciliated columnar to simple squamous, mucous GOBLET CELLS, and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.

Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

An EPITHELIUM with MUCUS-secreting cells, such as GOBLET CELLS. It forms the lining of many body cavities, such as the DIGESTIVE TRACT, the RESPIRATORY TRACT, and the reproductive tract. Mucosa, rich in blood and lymph vessels, comprises an inner epithelium, a middle layer (lamina propria) of loose CONNECTIVE TISSUE, and an outer layer (muscularis mucosae) of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS that separates the mucosa from submucosa.

Stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the CORNEA. It is smooth and contains many free nerve endings.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

The sequential location of genes on a chromosome.

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.

Proteins obtained from the ZEBRAFISH. Many of the proteins in this species have been the subject of studies involving basic embryological development (EMBRYOLOGY).

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They are important in the formation of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS between cells. Cadherins are classified by their distinct immunological and tissue specificities, either by letters (E- for epithelial, N- for neural, and P- for placental cadherins) or by numbers (cadherin-12 or N-cadherin 2 for brain-cadherin). Cadherins promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism as in the construction of tissues and of the whole animal body.

A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

An exotic species of the family CYPRINIDAE, originally from Asia, that has been introduced in North America. They are used in embryological studies and to study the effects of certain chemicals on development.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Interruption or suppression of the expression of a gene at transcriptional or translational levels.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The process of germ cell development in the male from the primordial germ cells, through SPERMATOGONIA; SPERMATOCYTES; SPERMATIDS; to the mature haploid SPERMATOZOA.

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

The pattern of GENE EXPRESSION at the level of genetic transcription in a specific organism or under specific circumstances in specific cells.

Orientation of intracellular structures especially with respect to the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Methods used for detecting the amplified DNA products from the polymerase chain reaction as they accumulate instead of at the end of the reaction.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Laboratory tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are working through examination of blood and urine.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Phosphorylation of claudin-2 on serine 208 promotes membrane retention and reduces trafficking to lysosomes. (1/13)

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Epithelial permeability alterations in an in vitro air-liquid interface model of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. (2/13)

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Myofibroblast keratinocyte growth factor reduces tight junctional integrity and increases claudin-2 levels in polarized Caco-2 cells. (3/13)

The colonic epithelium is composed of a polarized monolayer sheathed by a layer of pericryptal myofibroblasts (PCMFs). We mimicked these cellular compartments in vitro to assess the effects of paracrine-acting PCMF-derived factors on tight junction (TJ) integrity, as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Coculture with 18Co PCMFs, or basolateral administration of 18Co conditioned medium, significantly reduced TER of polarized Caco-2 cells. Among candidate paracrine factors, only keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) reduced Caco-2 TER; basolateral KGF treatment led to time- and concentration-dependent increases in claudin-2 levels. We also demonstrate that amphiregulin (AREG), produced largely by Caco-2 cells, increased claudin-2 levels, leading to epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated TER reduction. We propose that colonic epithelial TJ integrity can be modulated by paracrine KGF and autocrine AREG through increased claudin-2 levels. KGF-regulated claudin-2 induction may have implications for inflammatory bowel disease, where both KGF and claudin-2 are upregulated. (+info)

Effects of a high-sodium diet on renal tubule Ca2+ transporter and claudin expression in Wistar-Kyoto rats. (4/13)

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STAT6 deficiency ameliorates severity of oxazolone colitis by decreasing expression of claudin-2 and Th2-inducing cytokines. (5/13)

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The junctional proteins cingulin and paracingulin modulate the expression of tight junction protein genes through GATA-4. (6/13)

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Epithelial barrier assembly requires coordinated activity of multiple domains of the tight junction protein ZO-1. (7/13)

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Scanning ion conductance microscopy measurement of paracellular channel conductance in tight junctions. (8/13)

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Treatment for hypercalciuria typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, this may involve medication to lower calcium levels or surgery to remove any kidney stones or tumors that may be contributing to the condition. It is important for individuals with hypercalciuria to work closely with their healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan and monitor their calcium levels regularly.

If you suspect you may have hypercalciuria, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider as soon as possible. They can perform tests to confirm the diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment. With proper treatment, it is possible to manage hypercalciuria and prevent any complications.

The main symptoms of Gitelman syndrome include:

* Muscle weakness and paralysis that can be triggered by changes in potassium levels, stress, or certain medications
* Muscle cramps and twitching
* Fatigue and malaise
* Abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
* Low blood pressure
* Constipation

Gitelman syndrome can be diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and genetic analysis. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms with medications such as potassium supplements, salt substitutes, and medications to regulate heart rhythm and blood pressure. In some cases, a gluten-free diet may be recommended.

Gitelman syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to develop the condition. The prevalence of Gitelman syndrome is estimated to be around 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 40,000 individuals worldwide.

Overall, Gitelman syndrome is a rare and complex disorder that requires careful management by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. With appropriate treatment and lifestyle modifications, individuals with Gitelman syndrome can lead relatively normal lives.

Symptoms of nephrocalcinosis may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, frequent urination, and blood in the urine. Diagnosis is typically made through imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasound, and blood tests to determine calcium levels and kidney function.

Treatment for nephrocalcinosis depends on the underlying cause of the condition and may include medications to lower calcium levels, dietary changes to reduce calcium intake, and in severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplantation may be necessary. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time, as early detection and treatment can help prevent long-term damage to the kidneys.

Examples and Observations:

Oxyphil adenomas are rare in the small bowel (less than 1% of all small intestinal tumors) but are more common in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. They usually manifest as multiple, submucosal nodules that can vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. [2]

The presence of oxyphil adenomas in the stomach is rare (less than 1% of all gastric tumors) and most often occurs as multiple, small, submucosal nodules. However, larger adenomas may also be present. [3]

Synonyms: oxyphil cell adenoma; oxyphil cell tumor; oxyphil polyp. [1]

Notes:

* Oxyphil adenomas are often associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Turcot syndrome. [2]

References:

[1] Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Care Professionals. © 2008 Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission.

[2] Oxyphil Adenoma. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, Professional Edition. © 2015 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission.

[3] Oxyphil Adenoma. Gastrointestinal Tumors: benign and malignant tumors of the digestive system, including colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, biliary tract cancer, and soft tissue sarcomas. © 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland. All rights reserved. Used with permission.

There are three main types of hearing loss: conductive, sensorineural, and mixed. Conductive hearing loss occurs when there is a problem with the middle ear and its ability to transmit sound waves to the inner ear. Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve, which can lead to permanent hearing loss. Mixed hearing loss is a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.

Symptoms of hearing loss may include difficulty hearing speech, especially in noisy environments, muffled or distorted sound, ringing or buzzing in the ears (tinnitus), and difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds. If you suspect you have hearing loss, it is important to seek medical advice as soon as possible, as early treatment can help improve communication and quality of life.

Hearing loss is diagnosed through a series of tests, including an audiometric test, which measures the softest sounds that can be heard at different frequencies. Treatment options for hearing loss include hearing aids, cochlear implants, and other assistive devices, as well as counseling and support to help manage the condition and improve communication skills.

Overall, hearing loss is a common condition that can have a significant impact on daily life. If you suspect you or someone you know may be experiencing hearing loss, it is important to seek medical advice as soon as possible to address any underlying issues and improve communication and quality of life.

The carcinogenesis process of PDAC usually starts with the accumulation of genetic mutations in the pancreatic duct cells, which progressively leads to the formation of a premalignant lesion called PanIN (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia). Over time, these lesions can develop into invasive adenocarcinoma, which is PDAC.

The main risk factor for developing PDAC is smoking, but other factors such as obesity, diabetes, and family history of pancreatic cancer also contribute to the development of the disease. Symptoms of PDAC are often non-specific and late-stage, which makes early diagnosis challenging.

The treatment options for PDAC are limited, and the prognosis is generally poor. Surgery is the only potentially curative treatment, but only a small percentage of patients are eligible for surgical resection due to the locally advanced nature of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies are used to palliate symptoms and improve survival in non-surgical cases.

PDAC is an aggressive and lethal cancer, and there is a need for better diagnostic tools and more effective treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.

The tumor cells are typically small, uniform, and well-differentiated, with a distinct cell border and a central nucleus. The tumor cells are often arranged in a glandular or tubular pattern, which is characteristic of this type of cancer.

Carcinoma, Lewis lung usually affects older adults, with the median age at diagnosis being around 60 years. Men are slightly more likely to be affected than women. The main risk factor for developing this type of cancer is smoking, although it can also occur in people who have never smoked.

The symptoms of Carcinoma, Lewis lung can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, but they may include:

* Chest pain or discomfort
* Coughing up blood
* Shortness of breath
* Fatigue
* Weight loss

If you suspect you may have Carcinoma, Lewis lung or are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

The post Definition of 'Carcinoma, Lewis Lung' in the medical field appeared first on Healthy Life Tips.

There are different types of Breast Neoplasms such as:

1. Fibroadenomas: These are benign tumors that are made up of glandular and fibrous tissues. They are usually small and round, with a smooth surface, and can be moved easily under the skin.

2. Cysts: These are fluid-filled sacs that can develop in both breast tissue and milk ducts. They are usually benign and can disappear on their own or be drained surgically.

3. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): This is a precancerous condition where abnormal cells grow inside the milk ducts. If left untreated, it can progress to invasive breast cancer.

4. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): This is the most common type of breast cancer and starts in the milk ducts but grows out of them and invades surrounding tissue.

5. Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): It originates in the milk-producing glands (lobules) and grows out of them, invading nearby tissue.

Breast Neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as a lump or thickening in the breast or underarm area, skin changes like redness or dimpling, change in size or shape of one or both breasts, discharge from the nipple, and changes in the texture or color of the skin.

Treatment options for Breast Neoplasms may include surgery such as lumpectomy, mastectomy, or breast-conserving surgery, radiation therapy which uses high-energy beams to kill cancer cells, chemotherapy using drugs to kill cancer cells, targeted therapy which uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack cancer cells while minimizing harm to normal cells, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and clinical trials.

It is important to note that not all Breast Neoplasms are cancerous; some are benign (non-cancerous) tumors that do not spread or grow.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most common type of malignant pancreatic neoplasm and accounts for approximately 85% of all pancreatic cancers. It originates in the glandular tissue of the pancreas and has a poor prognosis, with a five-year survival rate of less than 10%.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are less common but more treatable than pancreatic adenocarcinoma. These tumors originate in the hormone-producing cells of the pancreas and can produce excess hormones that cause a variety of symptoms, such as diabetes or high blood sugar. PNETs are classified into two main types: functional and non-functional. Functional PNETs produce excess hormones and are more aggressive than non-functional tumors.

Other rare types of pancreatic neoplasms include acinar cell carcinoma, ampullary cancer, and oncocytic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. These tumors are less common than pancreatic adenocarcinoma and PNETs but can be equally aggressive and difficult to treat.

The symptoms of pancreatic neoplasms vary depending on the type and location of the tumor, but they often include abdominal pain, weight loss, jaundice, and fatigue. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of imaging tests such as CT scans, endoscopic ultrasound, and biopsy. Treatment options for pancreatic neoplasms depend on the type and stage of the tumor but may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these.

Prognosis for patients with pancreatic neoplasms is generally poor, especially for those with advanced stages of disease. However, early detection and treatment can improve survival rates. Research into the causes and mechanisms of pancreatic neoplasms is ongoing, with a focus on developing new and more effective treatments for these devastating diseases.

The name claudin comes from Latin word claudere ("to close"), suggesting the barrier role of these proteins. A recent review ... A Chimeric Claudin was synthesized to help enhance the understanding of both the structure and function of the tight junction. ... All human claudins (with the exception of Claudin 12) have domains that let them bind to PDZ domains of scaffold proteins. The ... There are 23 genes found in the human genome for claudin proteins and there are 27 transmembrane domains across mammals. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudin

... (c. 1490 - 13 October 1562) was a French composer of the Renaissance. Along with Clément Janequin he was one ... Free scores by Claudin de Sermisy at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) Tant que vivray midi file ... ISBN 0-89917-034-X Isabelle Cazeaux, "Claudin de Sermisy", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie. ... 1527) Tu disais que j'en mourrais Vignon, vignon, vignon, vignette Vive la serpe Aspice, Domine Isabelle Cazeaux, "Claudin d ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudin_de_Sermisy

Claudin, P; Andreotti, B (2006). "A scaling law for aeolian dunes on Mars, Venus, Earth, and for subaqueous ripples". Earth and ... Retrieved October 2, 2013. Meslin, P.-Y.; Forni, O.; Schroder, S.; Cousin, A.; Berger, G.; Clegg, S. M.; Lasue, J.; Maurice, S ... 252 (1-2): 30-44. arXiv:cond-mat/0603656. Bibcode:2006E&PSL.252...30C. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.004. S2CID 13910286. Sullivan ... 124 (2): 337-348. Bibcode:2019JGRE..124..337C. doi:10.1029/2018JE005771. S2CID 85509108. Retrieved October 5, 2021. Mitrofanov ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martian_soil

Ernstson, K.; Claudin, F.; Schüssler, U.; Hradil, K. (2002). "The mid-Tertiary Azuara and Rubielos de la Cérida paired impact ... EDEIS Expert Database on Earth Impact Structures Archived July 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Ernstson, K., Claudin, F., ... 29 (2): 155-181. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1994.tb00670.x. Cortés, A. L.; Díaz-Martínez, E.; Sanz-Rubio, E.; Martínez-Frías, J.; ... 2.0.CO;2. Mikheeva, Anna. 2017. The Complete Catalog of the Earth's Impact structures, 1.Russian Academy of Sciences. Accessed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azuara_impact_structure

Claudin, Philippe; Andreotti, Bruno (2006). "A scaling law for aeolian dunes on Mars, Venus, Earth, and for subaqueous ripples ... 38 (2): 179-182. doi:10.1002/esp.3316. ISSN 0197-9337. S2CID 128455414. Bourke, M.C.; Balme, M.; Beyer, R.A.; Williams, K.K.; ... 252 (1-2): 30-44. arXiv:cond-mat/0603656. Bibcode:2006E&PSL.252...30C. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.004. ISSN 0012-821X. S2CID ... 58 (2-3): 323-336. doi:10.7202/013146ar. ISSN 1492-143X. Silvestro, S.; Chojnacki, M.; Vaz, D. A.; Cardinale, M.; Yizhaq, H.; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_aeolian_ridges

In mice, Claudin-5 loss during development is lethal and results in size-selective loosening of the BBB. The blood-brain ... February 2018). "claudin 5". Biology Open. 7 (2): bio030494. doi:10.1242/bio.030494. PMC 5861362. PMID 29437557. Abbott NJ, ... May 2003). "Size-selective loosening of the blood-brain barrier in claudin-5-deficient mice". The Journal of Cell Biology. 161 ... such as Claudin-5), junctional adhesion molecule (such as JAM-A). Each of these tight junction proteins is stabilized to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood–brain_barrier

ISBN 978-84-7222-878-8. Azcárate, Manuel; Fernando Claudin (1979). Marc Abeles; Charles-Albert Ryng (eds.). L'Europe de ... ISBN 2-7071-1102-3. Azcárate, Manuel (1980). Interrogantes ante la izquierda (in Spanish). Marc Abeles, Charles-Albert Ryng, ... ISBN 2-13-037918-4. ISSN 0398-7922. Azcárate, Manuel (1986). La izquierda europea (in Spanish). Madrid: Ediciones El País. ... ISBN 2-7157-1054-2. Azcárate, Manuel (1982). La crisis del eurocomunismo. Primera plana (in Spanish). Barcelona: Argos Vergara ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Azcárate

Anatole Claudin (1898). The First Paris Press: an account of the books printed for G. Fichet and J. Heynlin in the Sorbonne, ... Claudin 1898. Lacôte-Gabrysiak 2010. Martine Poulain (2016). "France". Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science (4th ed ... ISBN 2-7654-0708-8. Lylette Lacôte-Gabrysiak (2010). "C'est un best-seller! Meilleures ventes de livres en France de 1984 à ... 1-2. Brill. ISBN 9789004156876. + Volumes 3-4 (2011): Books published in France before 1601 in Latin and Languages other than ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Books_in_France

Van Itallie CM, Mitic LL, Anderson JM (July 2012). "SUMOylation of claudin-2". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1258 ... 554 (1-2): 111-8. doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(03)01116-5. PMID 14596924. S2CID 23261716. Wong KA, Kim R, Christofk H, Gao J, Lawson ... 229 (1-2): 109-16. doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00033-5. PMID 10095110. Betz A, Lampen N, Martinek S, Young MW, Darnell JE (August ... 14 (2): 121-41. doi:10.1101/gad.14.2.121. PMID 10652267. S2CID 12793980. Ogata Y, Osaki T, Naka T, Iwahori K, Furukawa M, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_inhibitor_of_activated_STAT

Claudin-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN7 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Claudins, such as ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN7 claudin 7". Human CLDN7 genome location and CLDN7 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Kniesel U, ... 2005). "Claudin-1 is a strong prognostic indicator in stage II colonic cancer: a tissue microarray study". Mod. Pathol. 18 (4 ... 2003). "Loss of the tight junction protein claudin-7 correlates with histological grade in both ductal carcinoma in situ and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN7

"Entrez Gene: CLDN1 claudin 1". Coyne CB, Gambling TM, Boucher RC, Carson JL, Johnson LG (Nov 2003). "Role of claudin ... Claudin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN1 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Tight junctions ... The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein and a component of tight ... Miyamori H, Takino T, Kobayashi Y, Tokai H, Itoh Y, Seiki M, Sato H (2001). "Claudin promotes activation of pro-matrix ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN1

Claudin-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN8 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN8 claudin 8". Human CLDN8 genome location and CLDN8 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Kniesel U, ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ... Morita K, Furuse M, Fujimoto K, Tsukita S (Mar 1999). "Claudin multigene family encoding four-transmembrane domain protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN8

Claudin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN2 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Members of the claudin ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN2 claudin 2". Muto, S.; Hata, M.; Taniguchi, J.; Tsuruoka, S.; Moriwaki, K.; Saitou, M.; Furuse, K.; Sasaki, H ... 1998). "Claudin-1 and -2: Novel Integral Membrane Proteins Localizing at Tight Junctions with No Sequence Similarity to ... Furthermore, claudin-2 has been shown to form paracellular channels for water. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165376 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN2

Claudin-11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN11 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins and was the first ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN11 claudin 11 (oligodendrocyte transmembrane protein)". Gow A, Southwood CM, Li JS, Pariali M, Riordan GP, ... The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the claudin family of tight junction associated proteins and is a major component ... Tiwari-Woodruff SK, Buznikov AG, Vu TQ, Micevych PE, Chen K, Kornblum HI, Bronstein JM (April 2001). "OSP/claudin-11 forms a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN11

Claudin-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN12 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN12 claudin 12". Human CLDN12 genome location and CLDN12 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Kniesel ... 2001). "claudin-18, a novel downstream target gene for the T/EBP/NKX2.1 homeodomain transcription factor, encodes lung- and ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN12

"Entrez Gene: CLDN4 claudin 4". Ohta Y, Sasaki Y, Saito M, Kushima M, Takimoto M, Shiokawa A, Ota H (2013). "Claudin-4 as a ... Claudin 4, also known as CLDN4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLDN4 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins ... Claudin 4 can also be used as a marker for distinguishing malignant mesothelioma from lung cancer and uterine serous carcinoma ... Ohta Y, Sasaki Y, Saito M, Kushima M, Takimoto M, Shiokawa A, Ota H (2013). "Claudin-4 as a marker for distinguishing malignant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN4

Claudin-17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN17 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins; claudins are cell- ... Claudin-17 Deficiency in Mice Results in Kidney Injury Due to Electrolyte Imbalance and Oxidative Stress. Cells. 2022 May 29;11 ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN17 claudin 17". Adil, MS; Narayanan, SP; Somanath, PR (2021). "Cell-cell junctions: structure and regulation ... Krug SM, Günzel D, Conrad MP, Rosenthal R, Fromm A, Amasheh S, Schulzke JD, Fromm M (2012). "Claudin-17 forms tight junction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN17

Claudin-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN14 gene. It belongs to a related family of proteins called ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN14 claudin 14". Baker M, Reynolds LE, Robinson SD, Lees DM, Parsons M, Elia G, et al. (2013). "Stromal ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ... Sticky cells, blood vessels and cancer - the paradox of Claudin-14 - Marianne Baker, Cancer Research UK Science Update blog, 14 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN14

Claudin-5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN5 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. This gene encodes a ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN5 claudin 5 (transmembrane protein deleted in velocardiofacial syndrome)". Coyne CB, Gambling TM, Boucher RC, ... Kojima S, Rahner C, Peng S, Rizzolo LJ (2002). "Claudin 5 is transiently expressed during the development of the retinal ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2002). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN5

"Entrez Gene: CLDN9 claudin 9". Higashi AY, Higashi T, Furuse K, Ozeki K, Furuse M, Chiba H (Nov 2021). "Claudin-9 constitutes ... 2007). "Claudin-6 and claudin-9 function as additional coreceptors for hepatitis C virus". J. Virol. 81 (22): 12465-71. doi: ... Claudin-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN9 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. This gene is expressed ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN9

It caused by mutations in the Claudin 1 gene. Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome List of cutaneous conditions Rapini, Ronald P.; ... Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1. "Ichthyosis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_ichthyosis–sclerosing_cholangitis_syndrome

Claudin-22 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN22 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN22 claudin 22". Human CLDN22 genome location and CLDN22 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. González ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ... Heiskala M, Peterson PA, Yang Y (2001). "The roles of claudin superfamily proteins in paracellular transport". Traffic. 2 (2): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN22

Claudin 3, also known as CLDN3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLDN3 gene. It is a member of the claudin ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN3 claudin 3". Coyne CB, Gambling TM, Boucher RC, Carson JL, Johnson LG (Nov 2003). "Role of claudin ... "Expression of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4 in prostate cancer epithelium". Cancer Res ... The protein encoded by this intron-less gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein and a component ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN3

"Entrez Gene: CLDN18 claudin 18". Niimi T, Nagashima K, Ward JM, et al. (2001). "claudin-18, a Novel Downstream Target Gene for ... Claudin 18.2) is abundant in gastric tumors. Experimental antibody IMAB362 targets Claudin 18.2 to help treat gastric cancers. ... Claudin-18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN18 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. CLDN18 belongs to ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN18

Claudin-19 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN19 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Claudin-19 has been ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN19 claudin 19". Naeem, M.; Hussain, S.; Akhtar, N. (2011). "Mutation in the Tight-Junction Gene Claudin 19 ( ... 2006). "Kidney claudin-19: localization in distal tubules and collecting ducts and dysregulation in polycystic renal disease". ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN19

Claudin-15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN15 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Among its related ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN15 claudin 15". Database, GeneCards Human Gene. "CLDN15 Gene - GeneCards , CLD15 Protein , CLD15 Antibody". ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ... Heiskala M, Peterson PA, Yang Y (2001). "The roles of claudin superfamily proteins in paracellular transport". Traffic. 2 (2): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN15

Claudin-16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN16 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Tight junctions ... The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein and a component of tight ... 2004). "A Novel Claudin 16 Mutation Associated with Childhood Hypercalciuria Abolishes Binding to ZO-1 and Results in Lysosomal ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN16 claudin 16". "Salmonella infection data for Cldn16". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "Citrobacter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN16

"Systems Proteomics View of the Endogenous Human Claudin Protein Family". Journal of Proteome Research. 15 (2): 339-359. doi: ... 15 (2): 411-421. doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00589. ISSN 1535-3893. PMID 26718741. Fenyö, David; Beavis, Ronald C. (2015). " ... 15 (2): 677-678. doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b01028. ISSN 1535-3893. PMID 26680273. Liu, Fei; Koval, Michael; Ranganathan, Shoba ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Beavis

Claudin-20 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN20 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: CLDN20 claudin 20". Human CLDN20 genome location and CLDN20 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Kniesel ... Hewitt KJ, Agarwal R, Morin PJ (Aug 2006). "The claudin gene family: expression in normal and neoplastic tissues". BMC Cancer. ... Tsukita S, Furuse M (2003). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN20

Xu H, Liu Y, He G, Rossiter SJ, Zhang S (November 2013). "Adaptive evolution of tight junction protein claudin-14 in ... 166 (2): 213-224. doi:10.1093/biolinnean/bly194. Kyhn LA, Jensen FH, Beedholm K, Tougaard J, Hansen M, Madsen PT (June 2010). " ... 3 (2): 153-154. Bibcode:1956DSR.....3..153S. doi:10.1016/0146-6313(56)90096-x. The Silent World, pp. 206-207 Jones G (July 2005 ... 1 (2): 136-140. doi:10.1080/14786447808676811. From p. 140: From these experiments the author concludes: … that the organ of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_echolocation

Cates, M. E.; Wittmer, J. P.; Bouchaud, J.-P.; Claudin, P. (31 August 1998). "Jamming, Force Chains, and Fragile Matter". ... 2 (33): 6869-6892. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/2/33/001. ISSN 0953-8984. Cates, M. E. (1987). "Reptation of living polymers: dynamics ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cates

ISBN 2710330733 Eugène de Mirecourt, Méry (1858) Text online Gustave Claudin, Méry : sa vie intime, anecdotique et littéraire ( ... 2 May 1855: L'Essai du mariage, one-act comedy, in prose, Paris, Théâtre-Français, 6 March 1855: Frère et Sœur, five-act drama ... 2 volumes, 1837) Les Nuits de Londres (2 volumes, 1840) Un amour dans l'avenir (2 volumes, 1841) Text online 1 2 Le Siège de ... 2 volumes, 1849) André Chénier (3 volumes, 1850) La Juive au Vatican, ou Amor e Roma (2 volumes, 1851) Text online Muses et ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Méry

These complexes, formed primarily of members of the claudin and the occludin families, consist of about 35 different proteins, ... 154 (2): 274-84. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.004. PMID 23870119. van der Flier, Laurens G.; Clevers, Hans (1 January 2009). " ... 39 (4 Suppl 2): S53-58. doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000155521.81382.3a. ISSN 0192-0790. PMID 15758660. Näslund, Erik; Hellström, Per M ... 92 (1-2): 256-262. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.017. ISSN 0031-9384. PMID 17582445. S2CID 230872. Cario, E (2010). "Heads up! ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_epithelium

Famous composers of these "Parisian" chansons included Claudin de Sermisy and Clément Janequin. Janequin's La guerre, written ... ISBN 2-08-013583-X. Chastel, André. French Art Vol III: The Ancient Régime. ISBN 2-08-013617-8. Hampton. Timothy. Literature ... ISBN 0-300-05314-2. Chastel, André. French Art Vol II: The Renaissance. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Renaissance

... is concentrated at tight junctions through its possible interaction with claudin-1 and junctional adhesion molecule". The ... 163 (2): 553-7. PMID 10395639. Naik UP, Ehrlich YH, Kornecki E (Aug 1995). "Mechanisms of platelet activation by a stimulatory ... In addition, the encoded protein can act as (1) a receptor for reovirus, (2) a ligand for the integrin LFA1, involved in ... doi:10.1016/S0955-0674(03)00104-2. PMID 14519386. Naik UP, Eckfeld K (2004). "Junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM-1)". Journal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F11_receptor

... has overexpressed HER2/neu Normal breast-like Claudin-low: a more recently described class; often triple-negative, but distinct ... Retrieved 2 October 2019. Updated: 20 March 2019 Al-Kuraya K, Schraml P, Torhorst J, Tapia C, Zaharieva B, Novotny H, et al. ( ... 13 (1): 2-7. doi:10.2325/jbcs.13.2. PMID 16518056. S2CID 6255927. Normanno N, De Luca A, Carotenuto P, Lamura L, Oliva I, ... Well differentiated is given a grade of 1, moderate is grade 2, while poor or undifferentiated is given a higher grade of 3 or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer_classification

Claudin E is a molecule found in tight junctions that appears to be expressed in the EVL and required for normal zebrafish ... "The tight junction component claudin E is required for zebra fish epiboly". Developmental Dynamics. 239 (2): 715-722. doi: ... 83 (1-2): 77-94. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(99)00036-2. PMID 10381569. Conway G, Margoliath A, Wong-Madden S, Roberts RJ, Gilbert W ... 346 (2): 272-83. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.07.037. PMC 2956273. PMID 20692251. Fang Lin; Songhai Chen; Diane S. Sepich; Jennifer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiboly

Markov AG, Falchuk EL, Kruglova NM, Radloff J, Amasheh S (January 2016). "Claudin expression in follicle-associated epithelium ... 66 (2): 189-203. doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(74)80102-2. PMID 4810912. Onori P, Franchitto A, Sferra R, Vetuschi A, Gaudio E (May ... Zijlstra M, Auchincloss H, Loring JM, Chase CM, Russell PS, Jaenisch R (April 1992). "Skin graft rejection by beta 2- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyer's_patch

Claudin de Sermisy, Thomas Crecquillon, Domenico Ferrabosco, Jean de Latre, Jacquet de Berchem, Jakob Meiland, Alexander ... Retrieved 2 June 2016. Leszczyńska, Agnieszka. "The Beginnings of Musical Italianità in Gdańsk and Elbląg of the Renaissance ... Retrieved 2 June 2016. Podejko, Paweł; Przybyszewska-Jarminska, Barbara. "Gdańsk". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and ... Jahrhunderts, published by Harmonia Mundi in 1987, re-released as AME 3003-2 by Freiburger Musi Forum/Ars Musici in 1992; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdańsk_Tablature

Claudin grabs a sword to fight them with. Raoul fires his gun at Claudin, but Anatole knocks Raoul's arm, and the shot hits the ... She is unaware that Erique Claudin loves her and was the one who funded all her singing lessons. Claude Rains as Erique Claudin ... Enraged, Claudin strangles Pleyel. Georgette, the publisher's assistant, throws etching acid in Claudin's face, horribly ... Claudin hears his concerto being played in the office and is convinced that Pleyel is trying to steal it; unbeknownst to him, a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_of_the_Opera_(1943_film)

Claudin de Sermisy, French composer (b. 1495) October 18 - Anne d'Alençon, French noblewoman (b. 1492) November 7 - Maldeo ... ISBN 978-0-19-821744-2. "Gorboduc, or the Tragedy of Ferrex and Porrox". Archived from the original on September 17, 2007. ... ISBN 0-7126-5616-2. John Leonard Roberts (1999). Feuds, Forays, and Rebellions: History of the Highland Clans, 1475-1625. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1562

Nevertheless, another sources document existence of mTEC unipotent progenitors that express claudin 3 and 4 (Cld3/4). These two ... "Medullary thymic epithelial cells expressing Aire represent a unique lineage derived from cells expressing claudin". Nature ... 23 (2): 227-39. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.07.005. PMID 16111640. Taniguchi RT, DeVoss JJ, Moon JJ, Sidney J, Sette A, Jenkins ... 41 (2): 257-69. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.07.005. PMC 4148705. PMID 25148026. Wong K, Lister NL, Barsanti M, Lim JM, Hammett MV ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medullary_thymic_epithelial_cells

"Claudin-1 overexpression effect on lung adenocarcinoma cell line". NCBI GEO Profiles. Retrieved 4 May 2015. Vandepoele K, Van ... 44 (2): 325-40. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.08.025. PMC 3200427. PMID 21906983. Vandepoele K, Staes K, Andries V, van Roy F ( ... 11 (2): 82-8. doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(00)01898-5. PMID 11166216. Ille F, Sommer L (May 2005). "Wnt signaling: multiple functions ... 8 (2): 99-103. doi:10.3346/jkms.1993.8.2.99. PMC 3053866. PMID 8397936. "GDS424 / 59465_r_at / NBPF1, Normal human tissue ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBPF1

In the 16th century, Claudin de Sermisy set the psalm. In the 17th century, Henry Dumont set this psalm for La Chapelle Royale ... Verses 2, 10, and 13 are recited during Selichot. Verses 10, 13, and 14 are part of the Tachanun prayer. Verse 14 is also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psalm_103

... is concentrated at tight junctions through its possible interaction with claudin-1 and junctional adhesion molecule". J. Biol. ... 3.0.CO;2-G. PMC 3501957. PMID 10967549. Lee SS, Glaunsinger B, Mantovani F, Banks L, Javier RT (2000). "Multi-PDZ Domain ... 424 (1-2): 63-8. doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00141-0. PMID 9537516. S2CID 25328791. Mancini A, Koch A, Stefan M, Niemann H, ... 424 (1-2): 63-8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00141-0. PMID 9537516. S2CID 25328791. Barritt DS, Pearn MT, Zisch AH, Lee SS, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPDZ

Paris : A. Claudin, 1865 Google books (Articles containing French-language text, Articles with ISNI identifiers, Articles with ... Acta Musicologica 36/2/3 (1964), p. 177-182. A. Maugars: Response to an Inquisitive Person on the Italian Feeling about Music ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/André_Maugars

"Claudin-18 splice variant 2 is a pan-cancer target suitable for therapeutic antibody development". Clinical Cancer Research. 14 ... Plus CAPOX Compared With Placebo Plus CAPOX as First-line Treatment of Subjects With Claudin (CLDN) 18.2-Positive, HER2- ... "An RNA vaccine drives expansion and efficacy of claudin-CAR-T cells against solid tumors". Science. 367 (6476): 446-453. ... Immunology, 21 (2): 72, doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00504-3, PMC 7802056, PMID 33437044 Wardell, C. M.; Levings, M. K. (2021), "mRNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uğur_Şahin

"Tradition and Imitation in Pierre Certon's Déploration for Claudin de Sermisy". Revue de Musicologie. 85 (1): 29-62. doi: ... ISBN 978-0-8240-2323-2. Plumley, Yolanda (2003). "The Marriage of Words and Music: Musique Naturele and Musique Artificele in ... 1982). Manuscript Chantilly, Musée Condé 564 Part 2, nos. 51-100. Polyphonic Music of the Fourteenth Century. Vol. 19. Monaco: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._Andrieu

... expression is significantly increased after the overexpression of claudin-1 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Claudin ... C11orf49 expression is significantly increased after the overexpression of Claudin-1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. C11orf49 ... "Phyre 2 Results for Undefined". www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk. Retrieved 2020-12-17.[permanent dead link] "PSICQUIC View". www.ebi.ac.uk ... This results in a distinct N-terminus and a missing internal region near the 3' terminus compared to variant 2. Variants 6 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C11orf49

Claudin domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDND1 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... "Entrez Gene: CLDND1 claudin domain containing 1". Human CLDND1 genome location and CLDND1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome ... 9 (2): 195-209. doi:10.1101/gr.9.2.195. PMC 310711. PMID 10022985. v t e (Genes on human chromosome 3, All stub articles, Human ... 289 (1-2): 119-29. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00507-3. PMID 12036590. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, et al. (2001). "Cloning and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDND1

"Medullary thymic epithelial cells expressing Aire represent a unique lineage derived from cells expressing claudin". Nature ... 24 (2): 165-177. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.12.011. ISSN 1074-7613. PMID 16473829. Lo, Wan-Lin; Felix, Nathan J; Walters, James ... 17 (2): 131-142. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(02)00361-8. ISSN 1074-7613. PMID 12196285. Sasaki, Katsuhiro; Takada, Kensuke; Ohte, ... 41 (2): 257-269. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.07.005. ISSN 1074-7613. PMC 4148705. PMID 25148026. Ulyanchenko, Svetlana; O'Neill, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_thymic_epithelial_cells

... as well as production of epithelial proteins such as desmoplakin and claudin, and activate the expression of vimentin and ... 2). The alveolar structures are tumor cell clusters of round or slightly irregular shape. The morphology of the cells that form ... It is believed that ZEB1/2, Snail, and Slug are induced by TGF-β, inflammatory cytokines, and hypoxia. Collective-amoeboid ... 7 (2): 17-28. doi:10.32607/20758251-2015-7-2-17-28. PMC 4463409. PMID 26085941. (Creative Commons Attribution License) ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_(cancer)

MiRNA-182-5p is capable of targeting claudin-2 which is one of the vital tight junction proteins and the effect and mechanism ... MiRNA-182-5p aggravates experimental ulcerative colitis via sponging Claudin-2 Siwen Tang 1 , Wentao Guo 1 , Liumin Kang 2 , ... MiRNA-182-5p aggravates experimental ulcerative colitis via sponging Claudin-2 Siwen Tang et al. J Mol Histol. 2021 Dec. ... Claudin-2 levels in the study groups (A, B); The colonic length, representative images of H&E staining and damage index in the ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34623552

Nitta T, Hata M, Gotoh S, et al: Size-selective loosening of the blood-brain barrier in claudin-5-deficient mice. J Cell Biol. ... Furuse M, Sasaki H and Tsukita S: Manner of interaction of heterogeneous claudin species within and between tight junction ... The present study also demonstrated that netrin‑1 significantly increased the downregulation of claudin‑5, occludin and ZO‑1 ... Overexpression of netrin‑1 increases the expression of tight junction‑associated proteins, claudin‑5, occludin, and ZO‑1, ...

https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/etm.2014.1818/abstract

Claudin-2 (CLDN2), a well-defined component of cellular tight junction, has been indicated to associate with CRC progression. ... Claudin-2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing NDRG1 transcript ... Claudin-2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing NDRG1 transcription. ... Claudina-2 Limite: Humanos Idioma: Inglês Revista: Clin Transl Med Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Artigo ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/brasil/resource/pt/mdl-34965023

Tel: +32 (0)2 218 37 32 Email: [email protected] Botanique - Centre Culturel de la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles Rue Royale 236 ...

https://botanique.be/en/media/69785

... of claudin-low breast cancers. Claudin-low breast tumors can be segregated from other breast tumor subtypes based on a GLIS2- ... An EMT-primary cilium-GLIS2 signaling axis regulates mammogenesis and claudin-low breast tumorigenesis Molly M Wilson 1 2 , ... An EMT-primary cilium-GLIS2 signaling axis regulates mammogenesis and claudin-low breast tumorigenesis Molly M Wilson et al. ... Molly M Wilson 1 2 , Céline Callens 3 , Matthieu Le Gallo 4 5 , Svetlana Mironov 3 , Qiong Ding 6 , Amandine Salamagnon 3 , ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34705506

Modulation of claudin-1 expression by ∆2-TGZ in triple negative breast cancer.. ... Marine Geoffroy, Alexandra Kleinclauss, Michel Boisbrun, Stéphane Flament, Sandra Kuntz, et al.. Modulation of claudin-1 ... Marine Geoffroy (1) , Alexandra Kleinclauss (1) , Michel Boisbrun (2) , Stéphane Flament (1) , Sandra Kuntz (1) , Isabelle ... expression by ∆2-TGZ in triple negative breast cancer.. Make it personal: precision medicine - European Association for Cancer ...

https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02278135

2] In other series, chronic acalculous cholecystitis is about 9 times more common than acute acalculous cholecystitis. [3] ... Acute acalculous cholecystitis as a complication of hepatitis A: report of 2 pediatric cases]. Pediatr Med Chir. 2008 Mar-Apr. ... In the absence of complications, the patient usually is seen 2-4 weeks after the operation. ... in a 2-week-old premature infant and a term neonate. J Pediatr Surg. 2006 Mar. 41(3):e3-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/172013-overview%E2%80%8B

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 RBD ELISA Kit , G-EC-02191 ... Storage: An unopened kit can be stored at 2-8℃ for 1 month. If ...

https://caslab.com/mouse-tjp1-tight-junction-protein-1-clia-kit-g-ec-01669/

Santiago Carrillo and Fernando Claudin. In: Biographical Dictionary of Neo-Marxism Greenwood Press, Westport, CT. 90-4, 97-9 ... In: JONES, E., HEYWOOD, P. M., RHODES, M. and AND SEDELMEIER, U., eds., Developments in European Politics 2 Palgrave Macmillan ... In: Developments in West European Politics 2 Palgrave Publishing Co. Ltd, The, Weybridge, Surrey, UK. 151-67 ... In: Developments in West European Politics 2 Palgrave Publishing Co. Ltd, The, Weybridge, Surrey, UK. 184-200 ...

https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/politics/people/paul.heywood

Philippe Claudin (ESPCI, Paris). Numerical simulations of sediment transport and aeolian ripples[Slides][Podcast][Aud][Cam]. ... 2:45pm. Daniel Hanes (SLU). The shape, movement, and field-scale evolution of the Golden Gate Sandwaves[Slides][Podcast][Aud][ ... 2:00pm. Anne Mangeney (IPGP, Paris). Flow dynamics and erosion processes in natural geophysical flows[Slides][Podcast][Vid][Aud ... 2:00pm. Dieter Issler (NGI, Oslo). Snow Avalanche Dynamics -- Changes and Exchanges[Slides][Podcast][Aud][Cam]. ...

https://online.kitp.ucsb.edu/online/geoflows_c13/

Decker P; Galland J; Risse J; Claudin M; Mohamed S; Perrot A; Wahl D. Rev Med Interne; 2018 Feb; 39(2):127-129. PubMed ID: ... J Am Acad Dermatol; 2009 Jan; 60(1):1-20; quiz 21-2. PubMed ID: 19103358. [TBL] ... 2. [A POEMS syndrome revealed by a blue toe syndrome].. ...

https://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/biomarkers/search.php?id=35643784&mod=related&page=1&proj=

Claudin de Sermisy 1536 5 Chansons SATB Pilons lorge Claudin de Sermisy 1538 21 Chansons SATB,ATTB ... 2 - Published 1540 - in Paris by Pierre Attaingnant and Hubert Jullet. Two chansons were dropped and two added for this edition ... Retrieved from "https://www.cpdl.org/wiki/index.php?title=Livre_2:_27_chansons_a_4_(Pierre_Attaingnant)&oldid=1708906" ...

https://www.cpdl.org/wiki/index.php/Livre_2:_27_chansons_a_4_

Claudin III 64-67. Bechtel D-308. CRF III 690. CIBN D-194. ISTC id00301500. ... Claudin IV 486-487. Bechtel D-339. Pell 4387. CIBN D-201. ISTC id00299820. ... Claudin IV 363-364. Bechtel D-304. CIBN D-192. ISTC id00301250. ... Claudin I 323. Bechtel D-334. CRF XVIII 193. ISTC id00299700. ... Claudin IV 162-163. Bechtel D-320. CRF I 547. ISTC id00301900. ... 2 Hlzs. Bl. 1a leer. Bl. 1b Hlzs.  Bl. 2a m. Sign. aii (c⁵)E p ...

https://www.gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de/docs/DOCTRIN1.htm

Claudin Patoulet. c.1525 - c.1570. Belgium / The Netherlands. 1. Donald Patriquin. 1938 - Canada. 1. ...

https://requiemsurvey.org/composers.php/publishers.com/w.ivan-eroed.at/de/http/templates/www.slavu.sav.sk/konferencie/uskutocnene/musik/www.ruchmuzyczny.pl/stats/composers.php?start=15&sex=0

Claudin domain containing 1. 0.9719. 70. CNTN2. Contactin 2. 0.9667. 70. GPR37L1. G protein-coupled receptor 37 like 1. 0.9667 ... 2. HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONi Summary of data presented in the Tissue section, with a representative image of protein ...

http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000147588-PMP2/tissue

The claudin-2 gene variant was strongly associated with chronic pancreatitis, particularly in disease resulting from alcohol ... one in the trypsinogen gene and another in a gene called claudin-2. Claudin-2 is a tight junction protein that regulates the ... For example, the North American Pancreatic Study 2 (NAPS2) is a multi-center clinical study building on past research to ...

https://www.niddk.nih.gov/news/archive/2014/discovery-genetic-insights-pancreatitis

Si vous maymez (Claudin de Sermisy). 18. Mari, ie songeois (Jacotin). 19. Si jay eu du mal ou du bien par oubly (Claudin de ... Je nose estre content (Claudin de Sermisy). 23. Las que crains tu amy de quoy as deffiance (Claudin de Sermisy). 24. De trop ... 5. Dictes sans peur (Claudin de Sermisy). 6. Dessoubz le marbre de dure recompense (Claudin de Sermisy). 7. Si ainsi est que me ... 1. Ayez pitié du grand mal que jendure (Claudin de Sermisy). 2. Si je viz en peine et langueur (Claudin de Sermisy). 3. Nulle ...

https://cpdl.org/wiki/index.php/Trente_et_troys_chansons_nouvelles_en_musique_a_quatre_parties_

... "claudin low" group in which all five claudins display low expression [27]. The claudin-low subtype was a frequent phenomenon in ... Lu, S.; Singh, K.; Mangray, S.; Tavares, R.; Noble, L.; Resnick, M.B.; Yakirevich, E. Claudin expression in high-grade invasive ... Identification of a claudin-4 and E-cadherin score to predict prognosis in breast cancer. Cancer Sci. 2011, 102, 2248-2254. [ ... Further molecular markers are capable to estimate prognosis in a subtype-independent manner using claudin expression [26]. The ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3905/2/3/228

C.-F. Li, J.-Y. Chen, Y.-H. Ho et al., "Snail-induced claudin-11 prompts collective migration for tumour progression," Nature ... Figure 2 Interaction networks related to BCBM. (a) All landscape of PCGs-lncRNAs. (b) Driving interaction networks. (c) ... b) 2 DE-lncRNAs in the volcano plot. Blue dots represent downregulated genes, and red dots represent upregulated genes. ... 2. Materials and Methods. 2.1. Public Datasets. GSE52604 and GSE38057 datasets, containing the transcriptomic data and clinical ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/dm/2022/7631456/

Dysregulated claudin-5 cycling in the inner retina causes retinal pigment epithelial cell atrophy, JCI Insight, 4, (15), 2019, ... Aberrant BMAL1 dependent claudin-5 cycling induces geographic atrophy, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 2018 Jul ... Elizabeth Brint, Sarah Doyle and Thomas Kamradt , IL-1 family members in health and disease, 2019, DOI 10.3389/978-2-88963-241- ... Doyle, S.L., The Persistence of Privilege for a Healthy Retina, Immunity, 53, (2), 2020, p240-242 Journal Article, 2020 DOI ...

https://www.tcd.ie/medicine/staff/doyles8/

STAT6 Deficiency Ameliorates Severity of Oxazolone Colitis by Decreasing Expression of Claudin-2 and Th2-Inducing Cytokines ... There was decreased induction of the pore-forming tight junction protein claudin-2 in STAT6(-/-) mice. Similarly, short hairpin ... SAHA inhibited IL-13-induced STAT6 phosphorylation, apoptosis, and claudin-2 expression, and mitigated IL-13-induced reductions ... Cell transfection with STAT6 siRNA prevented IL-13-induced apoptosis and claudin-2 expression. ...

https://profiles.stanford.edu/266447

... and claudin-low (1-4). Most basal-like and claudin-low tumors are categorized as triple-negative BCs (TNBCs), as they lack ... with human claudin-low TNBC (Figure 2E). Consistent with a claudin-low-like classification, the mouse Rb/p53-deficient spindle- ... enriched gene sets in claudin-low p53Δ tumors relative to claudin-low RbΔp53Δ tumors, which primarily involved immune response ... which clustered closely with human claudin-low TNBC. Although claudin-low/mesenchymal tumors are rare in primary biopsies (46, ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/81568

Abnormal Development of Nephrons in Claudin-16- Defective Japanese Black Cattle. Kosuke OKADA, Naoko ISHIKAWA, Kouichiro ... The numbers of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells tended to be lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 at months 1 and 2, and the difference in ... The kidneys of 37 Japanese Black calves aged 2 to 65 months diagnosed with Claudin 16 (CL-16) defect by the DNA-based test were ... The examined strains were subdivided into 2 lineages (A, B). Isoleucine 200 of the epitope domain was replaced by threonine as ...

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jvms/67/2/_contents/-char/ja

Up-regulated production of IL-6 was accompanied by increased expression of claudin-2 leading to reduced transepithelial ... in our experimental model probiotics did not down-regulate the production of IL-6 and expression of claudin-2. These data ...

https://portlandpress.com/clinsci/article-abstract/129/7/515/71549/Age-associated-modifications-of-intestinal?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Claudin-2 Preferred Term Term UI T813127. Date11/22/2011. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (2013). ... Claudin-2 Preferred Concept UI. M0568463. Registry Number. 0. Scope Note. A claudin subtype that is associated with the ... A claudin subtype that is associated with the formation of cation-selective channels and increased epithelial permeability. It ... Claudin-2. Tree Number(s). D12.776.543.940.200.200. Unique ID. D062446. RDF Unique Identifier. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/ ...

https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D062446

Antibodies for proteins involved in structural molecule activity pathways, according to their Panther/Gene Ontology Classification

https://www.thermofisher.com/antibody/primary/panther/structural%20molecule%20activity

At the blood-brain barrier, claudin-5 is the most enriched tight junction protein and its dysfunction has been implicated in ... By regulating levels of claudin-5, it is possible to abrogate disease symptoms in many of these disorders. This review will ... and the role of tight junction complexes in maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity before focusing on the role of claudin-5 ... Function of claudin-5. The paracellular sealing function of claudin-5 stems from its association with claudin proteins on ...

https://fluidsbarrierscns.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12987-019-0123-z

In addition, SARS-CoV-2 proteins were found to be ubiquitinated during infection despite the fact that SARS-CoV-2 itself didnt ... This multiomics combined with high-throughput screening study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 not only modulates innate immunity, but ... Therefore, a comprehensive and profound understanding of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to explore effective ... Here, we conducted a multiomics study of SARS-CoV-2-infected lung epithelial cells, including transcriptomic, proteomic, and ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-022-01156-y?error=cookies_not_supported

... including claudin-5. Owing to the importance of claudin-5 in maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, the present ... In contrast, inhibition of protein kinase C did not affect claudin-5 expression in Tat-treated cells. The present findings ... Real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that claudin-5 mRNA was markedly diminished in BMEC exposed ... Title: Signaling mechanisms of HIV-1 Tat-induced alterations of claudin-5 expression in brain endothelial cells. ...

https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/portfolio/index.cfm?do=portfolio.publicationDetail&id=624392

... tight-junction alterations such as claudin-1 downregulation and increased BRB permeability, demonstrated in vivo by retinal ... 4h), suggesting claudin-1 is associated with retinal capillary degeneration in this mouse model. A trend of correlation was ... These results imply that claudin-1 may be the best biomarker for BRB breakdown in the AD retina. To date, this is the first ... In WT mice, we noticed a 37% decrease in retinal claudin-1 at 12 months of age when compared to animals 8 months old ( ...

https://actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40478-020-01076-4

MiRNA-182-5p is capable of targeting claudin-2 which is one of the vital tight junction proteins and the effect and mechanism of miRNA-182-5p was explored here in the DSS-induced colitis model. (nih.gov)
To understand the association between netrin‑1 and the TJ‑associated proteins, the expression levels of proteins involved in maintaining the integrity of the BBB, including netrin‑1, claudin‑5, occludin and zonula occluden (ZO)‑1, were investigated in the present study using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results demonstrated that the levels of mRNA transcription and protein expression of the TJ‑associated proteins, claudin‑5, occludin and ZO‑1, were significantly reduced following TBI. (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, SARS-CoV-2 proteins were found to be ubiquitinated during infection despite the fact that SARS-CoV-2 itself didn't code any E3 ligase, and that ubiquitination at three sites on the Spike protein could significantly enhance viral infection. (nature.com)
Exposure of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) Tat protein can decrease expression and change distribution of tight junction proteins, including claudin-5. (nih.gov)

In line with this finding, we have also shown in a large prospective patient cohort that mucosal expression of type 2 and type 17 immune response genes distinguishes ulcerative colitis (UC) from colon-only Crohn's disease, and that type 2 gene expression is associated with superior clinical outcome in pediatric UC. (stanford.edu)

Cerebral capillaries account for 85% of vessel length in the brain, providing a surface area of ~ 12 m 2 of the endothelial surface for molecular exchange and an approximate 1:1 ratio of capillaries to neurons [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Signaling mechanisms of HIV-1 Tat-induced alterations of claudin-5 expression in brain endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
In addition, inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR-2) by SU1498, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3 K) by LY294002, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) by peptide SN50, and intracellular calcium by BAPTA/AM partially prevented Tat-mediated alterations in claudin-5 protein levels and immunoreactivity patterns. (nih.gov)

The present study also demonstrated that netrin‑1 significantly increased the downregulation of claudin‑5, occludin and ZO‑1 expression levels induced by TBI, which provided a basis for further investigation on the role of netrin‑1 in the integrity of TJs and proper functioning of the BBB. (spandidos-publications.com)
Importantly, tight-junction alterations such as claudin-1 downregulation and increased BRB permeability, demonstrated in vivo by retinal fluorescein imaging and ex vivo following injection of FITC-dextran (2000 kD) and Texas Red-dextran (3 kD), were found in ADtg mice. (biomedcentral.com)

Published online 2023 May 2. (nih.gov)

2 - Published 1540 - in Paris by Pierre Attaingnant and Hubert Jullet. (cpdl.org)

Owing to the importance of claudin-5 in maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, the present study focused on the regulatory mechanisms of Tat-induced alterations of claudin-5 mRNA and protein levels. (nih.gov)
The present findings indicate that activation of VEGFR-2 and multiple redox-regulated signal transduction pathways are involved in Tat-induced alterations of claudin-5 expression. (nih.gov)

Cancer Immunol Res (2020) 8 (2): 167-178. (aacrjournals.org)

My laboratory has demonstrated a protective role for IL33, a cytokine that induces type 2 cytokines from T cells an innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), in acute oxazolone colitis through preservation of epithelial goblet cells and barrier function. (stanford.edu)
At the blood-brain barrier, claudin-5 is the most enriched tight junction protein and its dysfunction has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, neuroinflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis as well as psychiatric disorders including depression and schizophrenia. (biomedcentral.com)
This review will give an overview of the blood-brain barrier and the role of tight junction complexes in maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity before focusing on the role of claudin-5 and its regulation in homeostatic and pathological conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we conducted a multiomics study of SARS-CoV-2-infected lung epithelial cells, including transcriptomic, proteomic, and ubiquitinomic. (nature.com)
Multiomics analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2-infected lung epithelial cells activated strong innate immune response, including interferon and inflammatory responses. (nature.com)
Studies of viral attachment to cells on porous collagen-I coated microcarrier beads under cultured gastrointestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) using conditions of physiological fluid shear in rotating wall ves- recombinant virus-like particles or infectious noroviruses sel bioreactors. (cdc.gov)

Quantitative immunohistochemistry analysis was performed for the measurement of claudin-2. (nih.gov)

Modulation of claudin-1 expression by ∆2-TGZ in triple negative breast cancer. (univ-lorraine.fr)
however, in our experimental model probiotics did not down-regulate the production of IL-6 and expression of claudin-2. (portlandpress.com)
In contrast, inhibition of protein kinase C did not affect claudin-5 expression in Tat-treated cells. (nih.gov)
Differential Claudin 3 and EGFR Expression Predicts BRCA1 Mutation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. (cdc.gov)
Association of Cytokeratin 5 and Claudin 3 expression with BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in women with early breast cancer. (cdc.gov)

Claudin-2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing NDRG1 transcription. (bvsalud.org)
This multiomics combined with high-throughput screening study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 not only modulates innate immunity, but also promotes viral infection, by hijacking ubiquitination-specific processes, highlighting potential antiviral and anti-inflammation targets. (nature.com)

BC is the second leading cause of metastatic encephalopathy after lung cancer [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Furuse M, Sasaki H and Tsukita S: Manner of interaction of heterogeneous claudin species within and between tight junction strands. (spandidos-publications.com)
Anderson J, Fanning A, Lapierre L and Van Itallie CM: Zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and ZO-2: membrane-associated guanylate kinase homologues (MAGuKs) of the tight junction. (spandidos-publications.com)
Claudin-2 (CLDN2), a well-defined component of cellular tight junction , has been indicated to associate with CRC progression. (bvsalud.org)

Therefore, a comprehensive and profound understanding of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to explore effective therapeutic targets. (nature.com)
Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to identify more effective therapeutic targets. (nature.com)
In vitro differentiation of small intestinal epithelium that nausea, vomiting, and watery diarrhea within 12-24 hours approaches physiologic functionality of the in vivo host of exposure and typically remain symptomatic for 1-2 may allow for the development of a pathogenesis model days ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)

By regulating levels of claudin-5, it is possible to abrogate disease symptoms in many of these disorders. (biomedcentral.com)

Accounting for just 2% of bodily mass, the brain and neuronal functions consume as much as 20% of the body's oxygen and glucose needs despite a lack of energy reserves in the brain [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, blood vessels in the brain provide vital energy and nutrients in response to the metabolic demands of neurons (a process known as hyperaemia) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

SARS-CoV-2 infection causes a variety of symptoms and immunological perturbations have been shown to correlate with COVID-19 severity. (nature.com)

Ubiquitinomic further reveals the underlying mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 disrupting the host innate immune response. (nature.com)

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global pandemic that seriously threatens health and socioeconomic development, but the existed antiviral drugs and vaccines still cannot yet halt the spread of the epidemic. (nature.com)

For example, the North American Pancreatic Study 2 (NAPS2) is a multi-center clinical study building on past research to uncover additional genetic markers that may help to identify individuals susceptible to pancreatitis and prevent the disease from developing. (nih.gov)

in: Trésors des bibliothèques de France 2 (1929) S. 56-58. (gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de)

An unopened kit can be stored at 2-8℃ for 1 month. (caslab.com)
After 2/3 month when I will be back in the site I will start from the beginning again. (hubpages.com)

This phenotype correlated with slightly increased mRNA levels of claudin-2 , slightly decreased protein levels of claudin-2 , and reduced junctional accumulation of claudin-2 , which was rescued by CGN or CGNL1 but not by ZO-1 overexpression. (bvsalud.org)
Owing to the importance of claudin-5 in maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, the present study focused on the regulatory mechanisms of Tat-induced alterations of claudin-5 mRNA and protein levels. (nih.gov)
Real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that claudin-5 mRNA was markedly diminished in BMEC exposed to Tat. (nih.gov)

Tissue sections from 10 meningothelial meningiomas, 20 fibrous meningiomas, 10 atypical meningiomas, 7 solitary fibrous tumors of the meninges, 5 meningeal hemangiopericytomas, and 7 vestibular schwannomas were stained immunohistochemically for claudin-1, epithelial membrane antigen, S-100 protein, CD34, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. (medscape.com)
Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), a marker commonly used to support the diagnosis of meningioma, is positive in approximately 30% of meningeal HPCs [ 2 ] and in a similar fraction of SFTs. (medscape.com)
To investigate whether transcellular sodium transport controls tight-junction composition and paracellular permeability via modulating expression of the transmembrane protein claudin-8, we used cultured mouse cortical collecting duct cells to see how overexpression or silencing of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) subunits and claudin-8 affect paracellular permeability. (nih.gov)
[ 2 ] The arachnoid cells have several proposed functions, including acting as a structural barrier with cellular wrapping/ensheathing, acting as a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage/absorption into dural sinuses/veins (arachnoid villi), epithelial-like/secretory functions, monocytelike functions, trophic support and byproduct detoxification for glial and neuronal cells, and participation in reactive/reparative processes. (medscape.com)
A claudin subtype that is associated with the formation of cation-selective channels and increased epithelial permeability. (nih.gov)
Studies of viral attachment to cells on porous collagen-I coated microcarrier beads under cultured gastrointestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) using conditions of physiological fluid shear in rotating wall ves- recombinant virus-like particles or infectious noroviruses sel bioreactors. (cdc.gov)

15. Localization of claudin-3 in tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier is selectively lost during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and human glioblastoma multiforme. (nih.gov)

Respiratory and olfactory cytotoxicity of inhaled 2,3- pentanedione in sprague-dawley rats. (cdc.gov)
We conclude that 2,3- pentanedione is a respiratory hazard that can also alter gene expression in the brain. (cdc.gov)

12. Extracellular vesicles from human umbilical cord blood plasma modulate interleukin-2 signaling of T cells to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. (nih.gov)

[ 2 , 6 ] However, the distribution of claudin-1 in low-grade meningiomas and in other dural-based spindle cell tumors has not been elucidated fully. (medscape.com)

Flavoring s-related lung disease is a potentially disabling disease of food industry workers associated with exposure to the a-diketone butter flavoring , diacetyl (2,3-butanedione). (cdc.gov)
To investigate delayed toxicity, additional rats inhaled 318 (range, 317.9-318.9) ppm 2,3- pentanedione for 6 hours and were sacrificed 0 to 2, 12 to 14, or 18 to 20 hours after exposure. (cdc.gov)
In vitro differentiation of small intestinal epithelium that nausea, vomiting, and watery diarrhea within 12-24 hours approaches physiologic functionality of the in vivo host of exposure and typically remain symptomatic for 1-2 may allow for the development of a pathogenesis model days ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)

Samples from the 93 women with CIN3 or cancer were compared with those from 186 women without disease matched (1:2) for age, race, and high-risk human papillomavirus status. (nih.gov)

2 National Center of Competence in Research Kidney Control of Homeostasis (Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland. (nih.gov)

Anatomy28

Organisms7

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Phosphorylation of claudin-2 on serine 208 promotes membrane retention and reduces trafficking to lysosomes. (1/13)

Epithelial permeability alterations in an in vitro air-liquid interface model of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. (2/13)

Myofibroblast keratinocyte growth factor reduces tight junctional integrity and increases claudin-2 levels in polarized Caco-2 cells. (3/13)

Effects of a high-sodium diet on renal tubule Ca2+ transporter and claudin expression in Wistar-Kyoto rats. (4/13)

STAT6 deficiency ameliorates severity of oxazolone colitis by decreasing expression of claudin-2 and Th2-inducing cytokines. (5/13)

The junctional proteins cingulin and paracingulin modulate the expression of tight junction protein genes through GATA-4. (6/13)

Epithelial barrier assembly requires coordinated activity of multiple domains of the tight junction protein ZO-1. (7/13)

Scanning ion conductance microscopy measurement of paracellular channel conductance in tight junctions. (8/13)

Claudins

Claudin-3

Claudin-1

Claudin-4

Tight Junctions

Claudin-5

Membrane Proteins

Occludin

Zonula Occludens-1 Protein

Zonula Occludens-2 Protein

Claudin-2

Blood-Testis Barrier

Permeability

Electric Impedance

Tissue Embedding

Takifugu

Epithelial Cells

Hypercalciuria

Gitelman Syndrome

Nephrocalcinosis

Cell Membrane Permeability

Caco-2 Cells

Loop of Henle

Freeze Fracturing

Neuroepithelial Cells

Epithelium

Gills

Dogs

Adherens Junctions

Sertoli Cells

Adenoma, Oxyphilic

Immunohistochemistry

Intercellular Junctions

Cell Line

Protein Isoforms

Gene Knockdown Techniques

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

Kidney

Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect

Salinity

Tissue Array Analysis

Clostridium perfringens

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Phosphoproteins

Molecular Sequence Data

Hearing Loss

RNA, Messenger

Intestinal Mucosa

Cochlea

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Kidney Tubules, Distal

Enterotoxins

Spermatocytes

Cytoplasmic Vesicles

Sarcoma, Synovial

Gene Deletion

Gene Expression Regulation

Cells, Cultured

Respiratory Mucosa

Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal

Tumor Markers, Biological

Gene Expression Profiling

Mucous Membrane

Epithelium, Corneal

Amino Acid Sequence

Absorption

Microscopy, Fluorescence

Gene Order

Blood-Brain Barrier

Phenotype

Pulmonary Alveoli

Zebrafish Proteins

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Cadherins

Carcinoma, Lewis Lung

Blotting, Western

Zebrafish

Nerve Tissue Proteins

Protein Transport