A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus CITROBACTER, family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. As an important pathogen of laboratory mice, it serves as a model for investigating epithelial hyperproliferation and tumor promotion. It was previously considered a strain of CITROBACTER FREUNDII.
A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped enterobacteria that can use citrate as the sole source of carbon.
Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in humans and other animals including MAMMALS; BIRDS; REPTILES; and AMPHIBIANS. It has also been isolated from SOIL and WATER as well as from clinical specimens such as URINE; THROAT; SPUTUM; BLOOD; and wound swabs as an opportunistic pathogen.
The segment of LARGE INTESTINE between the CECUM and the RECTUM. It includes the ASCENDING COLON; the TRANSVERSE COLON; the DESCENDING COLON; and the SIGMOID COLON.
A species of gram-negative enterobacteria found in WATER; SEWAGE; SOIL; and FOOD. It can be present in any clinical specimen as an opportunistic pathogen.
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.
Strains of ESCHERICHIA COLI characterized by attaching-and-effacing histopathology. These strains of bacteria intimately adhere to the epithelial cell membrane and show effacement of microvilli. In developed countries they are associated with INFANTILE DIARRHEA and infantile GASTROENTERITIS and, in contrast to ETEC strains, do not produce ENDOTOXINS.
Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).
Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.
Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).
Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.
Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.
The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.
A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms occur in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. The species are either nonpathogenic or opportunistic pathogens.
Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.
Cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion (BACTERIAL ADHESION) to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. Most fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the fimbriae that is the actual adhesin. In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin.
Nonsusceptibility to the pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or antigenic substances as a result of antibody secretions of the mucous membranes. Mucosal epithelia in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts produce a form of IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) that serves to protect these ports of entry into the body.
Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.
Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Critical role of T cell-dependent serum antibody, but not the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, for surviving acute mucosal infection with Citrobacter rodentium, an attaching and effacing pathogen. (1/177)

Citrobacter rodentium uses virulence factors similar to the enteropathogenic Escherichia coli to produce attaching and effacing lesions in the distal colon of mice. We used this infection model to determine components of adaptive immunity needed to survive infection. During acute infection, wild-type mice develop breaks across infected epithelial surfaces but resolve infection. Surprisingly, mice markedly deficient in mucosal lymphocyte populations from beta(7) integrin deficiency resolve infection, as do CD8alpha-/- or TCR-delta-/- mice. In contrast, CD4-/- or TCR-beta-/- mice develop polymicrobial sepsis and end-organ damage, and succumb during acute infection, despite epithelial damage similar to wild-type mice. B cell-deficient (MuMT-/-) or B and T cell-deficient (recombinase-activating gene 2-/-) mice develop severe pathology in colon and internal organs, and deteriorate rapidly during acute infection. Surviving mice develop robust Citrobacter-specific serum IgM responses during acute infection, whereas mice that succumb do not. However, CD4-/- mice receiving serum Igs from infected wild-type mice survive and clear the infection. Our data show that survival of apparently self-limited and luminal mucosal infections requires a systemic T cell-dependent Ab response against bacteria that enter through damaged mucosa. These findings have implications for understanding host defense against mucosal infections, including the pathogenesis of these diseases in immunocompromised populations.  (+info)

Dissecting virulence: systematic and functional analyses of a pathogenicity island. (2/177)

Bacterial pathogenicity islands (PAI) often encode both effector molecules responsible for disease and secretion systems that deliver these effectors to host cells. Human enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli, and the mouse pathogen Citrobacter rodentium (CR) possess the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) PAI. We systematically mutagenized all 41 CR LEE genes and functionally characterized these mutants in vitro and in a murine infection model. We identified 33 virulence factors, including two virulence regulators and a hierarchical switch for type III secretion. In addition, 7 potential type III effectors encoded outside the LEE were identified by using a proteomics approach. These non-LEE effectors are encoded by three uncharacterized PAIs in EHEC O157, suggesting that these PAIs act cooperatively with the LEE in pathogenesis. Our findings provide significant insights into bacterial virulence mechanisms and disease.  (+info)

Identification of a novel Citrobacter rodentium type III secreted protein, EspI, and roles of this and other secreted proteins in infection. (3/177)

Citrobacter rodentium is a member of a group of pathogens that colonize the lumen of the host gastrointestinal tract via attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion formation. C. rodentium, which causes transmissible colonic hyperplasia in mice, is used as an in vivo model system for the clinically significant A/E pathogens enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. These bacteria all contain a pathogenicity island called the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), which encodes a type III secretion system that is designed to deliver effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. These effectors are involved in the subversion of host eukaryotic cell functions to the benefit of the bacterium. In this study we used mutant strains to determine the effects of the C. rodentium LEE-encoded effectors EspF, EspG, EspH, and Map on virulence in the mouse model. In addition, we identified a novel secreted protein, EspI encoded outside the LEE, whose secretion is also dependent on a functional type III secretion system. Mutant strains with each of the effectors investigated were found to be outcompeted by wild-type bacteria in mixed-infection experiments in vivo, although the effects of EspF and EspH were only subtle. In single-infection experiments, we found that EspF, EspG, and EspH are not required for efficient colonization of the mouse colon or for the production of hyperplasia. In contrast, strains producing EspI and Map had significant colonization defects and resulted in dramatically reduced levels of hyperplasia, and they exhibited very different growth dynamics in mice than the wild-type strain exhibited.  (+info)

Clearance of Citrobacter rodentium requires B cells but not secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) or IgM antibodies. (4/177)

Citrobacter rodentium, a murine model pathogen for human enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, predominantly colonizes the lumen and mucosal surface of the colon and cecum and causes crypt hyperplasia and mucosal inflammation. Mice infected with C. rodentium develop a secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) response, but the role of B cells or secretory antibodies in host defense is unknown. To address this question, we conducted oral C. rodentium infections in mice lacking B cells, IgA, secreted IgM, polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR), or J chain. Normal mice showed peak bacterial numbers in colon and feces at 1 week and bacterial eradication after 3 to 4 weeks. B-cell-deficient mice were equally susceptible initially but could not control infection subsequently. Tissue responses showed marked differences, as infection of normal mice was accompanied by transient crypt hyperplasia and mucosal inflammation in the colon and cecum at 2 but not 6 weeks, whereas B-cell-deficient mice had few mucosal changes at 2 weeks but severe epithelial hyperplasia with ulcerations and mucosal inflammation at 6 weeks. The functions of B cells were not mediated by secretory antibodies, since mice lacking IgA or secreted IgM or proteins required for their transport into the lumen, pIgR or J chain, cleared C. rodentium normally. Nonetheless, systemic administration of immune sera reduced bacterial numbers significantly in normal and pIgR-deficient mice, and depletion of IgG abrogated this effect. These results indicate that host defense against C. rodentium depends on B cells and IgG antibodies but does not require production or transepithelial transport of IgA or secreted IgM.  (+info)

Protective role of arginase in a mouse model of colitis. (5/177)

Arginase is the endogenous inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), because both enzymes use the same substrate, l-arginine (Arg). Importantly, arginase synthesizes ornithine, which is metabolized by the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) to produce polyamines. We investigated the role of these enzymes in the Citrobacter rodentium model of colitis. Arginase I, iNOS, and ODC were induced in the colon during the infection, while arginase II was not up-regulated. l-Arg supplementation of wild-type mice or iNOS deletion significantly improved colitis, and l-Arg treatment of iNOS(-/-) mice led to an additive improvement. There was a significant induction of IFN-gamma, IL-1, and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in colitis tissues that was markedly attenuated with l-Arg treatment or iNOS deletion. Treatment with the arginase inhibitor S-(2-boronoethyl)-l-cysteine worsened colitis in both wild-type and iNOS(-/-) mice. Polyamine levels were increased in colitis tissues, and were further increased by l-Arg. In addition, in vivo inhibition of ODC with alpha-difluoromethylornithine also exacerbated the colitis. Taken together, these data indicate that arginase is protective in C. rodentium colitis by enhancing the generation of polyamines in addition to competitive inhibition of iNOS. Modulation of the balance of iNOS and arginase, and of the arginase-ODC metabolic pathway may represent a new strategy for regulating intestinal inflammation.  (+info)

Macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical characterisation of spontaneous colitis in a transgenic mouse, deficient in the multiple drug resistance 1a gene. (6/177)

1 A novel animal model of spontaneous colonic inflammation, the multiple drug-resistant (mdr1) a(-/-) mouse, was identified by Panwala and colleagues in 1998. The aim of our study was to further characterise this model, specifically by measuring cytokines that have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (IL-8 and IFN-gamma) in the colon/rectum of mdr1a(-/-) mice, and by determining the sensitivity of these, together with the macroscopic, microscopic and disease signs of colitis, to dexamethasone (0.05, 0.3 and 2 mg kg(-1) subcutaneously (s.c.) daily for 7 days). 2 All mdr1a(-/-) mice had microscopic evidence of inflammation in the caecum and colon/rectum, while control mice with the same genetic background did not. Significant increases in colon/rectum and caecal weights and also in cytokine levels (both IFN-gamma and IL-8) in homogenised colon/rectum were observed in mdr1a(-/-) mice compared to mdr1a(+/+) mice. 3 Dexamethasone reduced the increases in tissue weights and also microscopic grading of colitis severity, but had no effect on IFN-gamma or IL-8. 4 This study supports the similarity of the gastrointestinal inflammation present in mdr1a(-/-) mice to that of human IBD, in particular Crohn's disease. This has been demonstrated at the macroscopic and microscopic levels, and was supported further by elevations in colonic levels of IFN-gamma and IL-8 and the disease signs observed. The incidence of colitis was much higher than previously reported, with all mice having microscopic evidence of colitis. The limited variance between animals in the parameters measured suggests that this model is reproducible.  (+info)

Impaired immunity to intestinal bacterial infection in stromelysin-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-3)-deficient mice. (7/177)

Infection of mice with the intestinal bacterial pathogen Citrobacter rodentium results in colonic mucosal hyperplasia and a local Th1 inflammatory response similar to that seen in mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been shown to mediate matrix remodeling and cell migration during tissue injury and repair in the intestine. We have previously shown enhanced pathology in infected TNFRp55-/-, IL-12p40-/-, and IFN-gamma-/- mice, and here we show that this is associated with an increase in stromelysin-1 (MMP3) transcripts in colonic tissues. We have therefore investigated the role of MMP3 in colonic mucosal hyperplasia and the local Th1 responses using MMP3-/- mice. In MMP3-/- mice, similar mucosal thickening was observed after infection as in wild-type (WT) mice. Colonic tissues from MMP3-/- mice showed a compensatory increase in the expression of other MMP transcripts, such as MMP7 and MMP12. However, MMP3-/- mice showed delayed clearance of bacteria and delayed appearance of CD4+ T lymphocytes into intestinal lamina propria. CSFE-labeled mesenteric lymph node CD4+ T lymphocytes from infected WT mice migrated in fewer numbers into the mesenteric lymph nodes and colon of MMP3-/- mice than into those of WT mice. These studies show that mucosal remodeling can occur in the absence of MMP3, but that MMP3 plays a role in the migration of CD4+ T lymphocytes to the intestinal mucosa.  (+info)

EspJ is a prophage-carried type III effector protein of attaching and effacing pathogens that modulates infection dynamics. (8/177)

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, and Citrobacter rodentium are highly adapted enteropathogens that successfully colonize their host's gastrointestinal tract via the formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. These pathogens utilize a type III secretion system (TTSS) apparatus, encoded by the locus of enterocyte effacement, to translocate bacterial effector proteins into epithelial cells. Here, we report the identification of EspJ (E. coli-secreted protein J), a translocated TTSS effector that is carried on the 5' end of the cryptic prophage CP-933U. Infection of epithelial cells in culture revealed that EspJ is not required for A/E lesion activity in vivo and ex vivo. However, in vivo studies performed with mice demonstrated that EspJ possesses properties that influence the dynamics of clearance of the pathogen from the host's intestinal tract, suggesting a role in host survival and pathogen transmission.  (+info)

Previous article'Etiology' Next article 'Esophageal Cancer'

The most common type of colitis is ulcerative colitis, which affects the rectum and lower part of the colon. The symptoms of ulcerative colitis can include:

* Diarrhea (which may be bloody)
* Abdominal pain and cramping
* Rectal bleeding
* Weight loss
* Fever
* Loss of appetite
* Nausea and vomiting

Microscopic colitis is another type of colitis that is characterized by inflammation in the colon, but without visible ulcers or bleeding. The symptoms of microscopic colitis are similar to those of ulcerative colitis, but may be less severe.

Other types of colitis include:

* Infantile colitis: This is a rare condition that affects babies and young children, and is characterized by diarrhea, fever, and vomiting.
* Isomorphic colitis: This is a rare condition that affects the colon and rectum, and is characterized by inflammation and symptoms similar to ulcerative colitis.
* Radiation colitis: This is a condition that occurs after radiation therapy to the pelvic area, and is characterized by inflammation and symptoms similar to ulcerative colitis.
* Ischemic colitis: This is a condition where there is a reduction in blood flow to the colon, which can lead to inflammation and symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea.

The diagnosis of colitis typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as:

* Colonoscopy: This is a test that uses a flexible tube with a camera on the end to visualize the inside of the colon and rectum.
* Endoscopy: This is a test that uses a flexible tube with a camera on the end to visualize the inside of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
* Stool tests: These are tests that analyze stool samples for signs of inflammation or infection.
* Blood tests: These are tests that analyze blood samples for signs of inflammation or infection.
* Biopsy: This is a test that involves taking a small sample of tissue from the colon and examining it under a microscope for signs of inflammation or infection.

Treatment for colitis depends on the underlying cause, but may include medications such as:

* Aminosalicylates: These are medications that help to reduce inflammation in the colon and relieve symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. Examples include sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) and mesalamine (Asacol).
* Corticosteroids: These are medications that help to reduce inflammation in the body. They may be used short-term to control acute flares of colitis, or long-term to maintain remission. Examples include prednisone and hydrocortisone.
* Immunomodulators: These are medications that help to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation. Examples include azathioprine (Imuran) and mercaptopurine (Purinethol).
* Biologics: These are medications that target specific proteins involved in the inflammatory response. Examples include infliximab (Remicade) and adalimumab (Humira).

In addition to medication, lifestyle changes such as dietary modifications and stress management techniques may also be helpful in managing colitis symptoms. Surgery may be necessary in some cases where the colitis is severe or persistent, and involves removing damaged portions of the colon and rectum.

It's important to note that colitis can increase the risk of developing colon cancer, so regular screening for colon cancer is recommended for people with chronic colitis. Additionally, people with colitis may be more susceptible to other health problems such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, and liver disease, so it's important to work closely with a healthcare provider to monitor for these conditions and take steps to prevent them.

1. Ulcerative colitis: This is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding.
2. Crohn's disease: This is a chronic condition that affects the digestive tract, including the colon. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and weight loss.
3. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): This is a common condition characterized by recurring abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel movements.
4. Diverticulitis: This is a condition where small pouches form in the colon and become inflamed. Symptoms can include fever, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel movements.
5. Colon cancer: This is a type of cancer that affects the colon. Symptoms can include blood in the stool, changes in bowel movements, and abdominal pain.
6. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): This is a group of chronic conditions that cause inflammation in the digestive tract, including the colon. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and weight loss.
7. Rectal cancer: This is a type of cancer that affects the rectum, which is the final portion of the colon. Symptoms can include blood in the stool, changes in bowel movements, and abdominal pain.
8. Anal fissures: These are small tears in the skin around the anus that can cause pain and bleeding.
9. Rectal prolapse: This is a condition where the rectum protrudes through the anus. Symptoms can include rectal bleeding, pain during bowel movements, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in the rectal area.
10. Hemorrhoids: These are swollen veins in the rectum or anus that can cause pain, itching, and bleeding.

It's important to note that some of these conditions can be caused by other factors as well, so if you're experiencing any of these symptoms, it's important to see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and treatment.

1. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS): This is a severe respiratory disease caused by the hantavirus, which is found in the urine and saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms of HPS can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing.
2. Leptospirosis: This is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Leptospira, which is found in the urine of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).
3. Rat-bite fever: This is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Streptobacillus moniliformis, which is found in the saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and swollen lymph nodes.
4. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM): This is a viral infection caused by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), which is found in the urine and saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord).
5. Tularemia: This is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, which is found in the urine and saliva of infected rodents. Symptoms can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and swollen lymph nodes.

These are just a few examples of the many diseases that can be transmitted to humans through contact with rodents. It is important to take precautions when handling or removing rodents, as they can pose a serious health risk. If you suspect that you have been exposed to a rodent-borne disease, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

There are different types of hyperplasia, depending on the location and cause of the condition. Some examples include:

1. Benign hyperplasia: This type of hyperplasia is non-cancerous and does not spread to other parts of the body. It can occur in various tissues and organs, such as the uterus (fibroids), breast tissue (fibrocystic changes), or prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia).
2. Malignant hyperplasia: This type of hyperplasia is cancerous and can invade nearby tissues and organs, leading to serious health problems. Examples include skin cancer, breast cancer, and colon cancer.
3. Hyperplastic polyps: These are abnormal growths that occur in the gastrointestinal tract and can be precancerous.
4. Adenomatous hyperplasia: This type of hyperplasia is characterized by an increase in the number of glandular cells in a specific organ, such as the colon or breast. It can be a precursor to cancer.

The symptoms of hyperplasia depend on the location and severity of the condition. In general, they may include:

* Enlargement or swelling of the affected tissue or organ
* Pain or discomfort in the affected area
* Abnormal bleeding or discharge
* Changes in bowel or bladder habits
* Unexplained weight loss or gain

Hyperplasia is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI, and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition, and may include medication, surgery, or other interventions.

LPSN entry for Citrobacter rodentium Type strain of Citrobacter rodentium at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase v t ... Citrobacter rodentium is a Gram-negative species of bacteria. It infects the intestinal tracts of rodents, and infrequently is ... Mundy R, MacDonald TT, Dougan G, Frankel G, Wiles S (2005). "Citrobacter rodentium of mice and man". Cell Microbiol. 7 (12): ... Bhinder G, Sham HP, Chan JM, Morampudi V, Jacobson K, Vallance BA (2013). "The Citrobacter rodentium mouse model: studying ...
Salmonella and Citrobacter rodentium. Intracellular bacteria trigger activation of the inflammasome, which results in specific ...
zebratus Citrobacter sp. biovar 4280, synonym for Citrobacter rodentium Corynebacterium diphtheriae bv. belfanti, synonym for ...
... independent inflammatory responses following infection by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium". ...
... inhibitor of the bacterial type III secretion system protects against in vivo infection with Citrobacter rodentium". The ...
... coli directly competes with Citrobacter rodentium for carbohydrates in the intestinal lumen) or by producing growth inhibitors ...
... in EPEC endemic areas The serum of EPEC/EHEC infected children and EPEC infected volunteers Secretions of Citrobacter rodentium ...
... and they do not survive infection by the intestinal pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. The same authors reported that in wild-type ... that overexpress Cyp1a1 in the gut epithelium led to a pseudo-AHR-deficient state and when infected with Citrobacter rodentium ...
Citrobacter freundii MeSH B03.440.450.425.200.475 - Citrobacter koseri MeSH B03.440.450.425.200.737 - Citrobacter rodentium ... Citrobacter freundii MeSH B03.660.250.150.100.475 - Citrobacter koseri MeSH B03.660.250.150.100.737 - Citrobacter rodentium ...
... such as gastrointestinal Citrobacter rodentium infection. Retinoic acid also enhances the expression of gut- homing markers on ...
The 2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championship were the 12th edition of the Ju-Jitsu World Championships, and were held in Paris, France from November 28 to November 30, 2014. 28.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Men's Duo System - Classic 29.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Women's Duo System - Classic 30.11.2014 - Men's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Mixed Duo System - Classic, Team event Vincent MATCZAK (2014-09-30). "4TH INVITAION TO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2014" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-28.[dead link] Online results Official results (PDF) Mixed team event results (PDF) (All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2022, Ju-Jitsu World Championships, 2014 in French sport ...
Bolley L. "Bo" Johnson (born November 15, 1951) is an American politician from the state of Florida. A member of the Democratic Party, Johnson was a member of the Florida House of Representatives, and served as the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives. Johnson is from Milton, Florida. His father and grandfather served as county commissioners for Santa Rosa County, Florida. Johnson graduated from Milton High School, and became the first member of his family to attend college. He received his bachelor's degree from Florida State University. Johnson volunteered for Mallory Horne when Horne served as the president of the Florida Senate. At the age of 22, Johnson met Lawton Chiles, then a member of the United States Senate, who hired him as a legislative aide in 1973. Johnson was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 4th district from November 7, 1978 to November 3, 1992. He also served the 1st district from November 3, 1992 to November 8, 1994. He became the ...
... may refer to: Don't Say No (Billy Squier album), a 1981 album by American rock singer Billy Squier, and its title track Don't Say No (Seohyun EP), a 2016 extended play by South Korean pop singer Seohyun, and its title track "Don't Say No" (Tom Tom Club song), from the 1988 album Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom "Don't Say No", by Robbie Williams from the 2005 album Intensive Care "Don't Say No Tonight", a 1985 single by Eugene Wilde This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Don't Say No. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. (Disambiguation pages with short descriptions, Short description is different from Wikidata, All article disambiguation pages, All disambiguation pages, Disambiguation pages ...
The Dewoitine 37 was the first of a family of 1930s French-built monoplane fighter aircraft. The D.37 was a single-seat aircraft of conventional configuration. Its fixed landing gear used a tailskid. The open cockpit was located slightly aft of the parasol wing. The radial engine allowed for a comparatively wide fuselage and cockpit. Design of this machine was by SAF-Avions Dewoitine but owing to over work at that companies plant at the time, manufacture of the D.37/01 was transferred to Lioré et Olivier. They were high-wing monoplanes of all-metal construction with valve head blisters on their engine cowlings. The first prototype flew in October 1931. Flight testing resulted in the need for multiple revisions in both engine and airframe, so it was February 1934 before the second prototype flew. Its performance prompted the French government to order for 28 for the Armée de l'Air and Aéronavale. The Lithuanian government ordered 14 that remained in service with their Air Force until 1936, ...
The Noor-ul-Ain (Persian: نور العين, lit. 'the light of the eye') is one of the largest pink diamonds in the world, and the centre piece of the tiara of the same name. The diamond is believed to have been recovered from the mines of Golconda, Hyderabad in India. It was first in possession with the nizam Abul Hasan Qutb Shah, later it was given as a peace offering to the Mughal emperor Aurangazeb when he defeated him in a siege. It was brought into the Iranian Imperial collection after the Persian king Nader Shah Afshar looted Delhi in the 18th century.[citation needed] The Noor-ul-Ain is believed to have once formed part of an even larger gem called the Great Table diamond. That larger diamond is thought to have been cut in two, with one section becoming the Noor-ul-Ain and the other the Daria-i-Noor diamond. Both of these pieces are currently part of the Iranian Crown Jewels. The Noor-ul-Ain is the principal diamond mounted in a tiara of the same name made for Iranian Empress Farah ...
The Benoist Land Tractor Type XII was one of the first enclosed cockpit, tractor configuration aircraft built. Benoist used "Model XII" to several aircraft that shared the same basic engine and wing design, but differed in fuselage and control surfaces. The Type XII was a tractor-engined conversion of the model XII headless pusher aircraft that resembled the Curtiss pusher aircraft. Demonstration pilots used Benoist aircraft to demonstrate the first parachute jumps, and the tractor configuration was considered much more suitable for the task. The first example named the "Military Plane" had a small box frame covered fuselage that left the occupants mostly exposed to the wind. The later model XII "Cross Country Plane" had a full fuselage that occupants sat inside of. The first tractor biplane used a wooden fuselage with a small seat on top. The wings were covered with a Goodyear rubberized cloth. The first model XII was built in the spring of 1912. On 1 March 1912, Albert Berry used a headless ...
... (also known as Yalmotx in Qʼanjobʼal) is a town, with a population of 17,166 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Guatemalan department of Huehuetenango. It is situated at 1450 metres above sea level. It covers a terrain of 1,174 km². The annual festival is April 29-May 4. Barillas has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and extremely heavy rainfall from June to August. Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Guatemala Citypopulation.de Population of cities & towns in Guatemala "Climate: Barillas". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved July 26, 2020. Muni in Spanish Website of Santa Cruz Barillas Coordinates: 15°48′05″N 91°18′45″W / 15.8014°N 91.3125°W / 15.8014; -91.3125 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Q'anjob'al-language text, Coordinates on Wikidata, ...
Maria Margaret La Primaudaye Pollen (10 April 1838 - c. 1919), known as Minnie, was a decorative arts collector. As Mrs John Hungerford Pollen, she became known during the early-twentieth century as an authority on the history of textiles, publishing Seven Centuries of Lace in 1908. Maria Margaret La Primaudaye was born into a Huguenot family on 10 April 1838, the third child of the Revd Charles John La Primaudaye, a descendant of Pierre de La Primaudaye. She was educated in Italy. Her family converted to Catholicism in 1851, and it was in Rome that her father met another recent English convert, John Hungerford Pollen, previously an Anglican priest and a decorative artist. She became engaged to Pollen, who was then seventeen years her senior, in the summer of 1854, and was married in the church of Woodchester monastery, near Stroud, Gloucester, on 18 September 1855. The Pollens initially settled in Dublin, where John Hungerford Pollen had been offered the professorship of fine arts at the ...
Ronald Robert Fogleman (born January 27, 1942) is a retired United States Air Force general who served as the 15th Chief of Staff of the Air Force from 1994 to 1997 and as Commanding General of the United States Transportation Command from 1992 to 1994. A 1963 graduate from the United States Air Force Academy, he holds a master's degree in military history and political science from Duke University. A command pilot and a parachutist, he amassed more than 6,800 flying hours in fighter, transport, tanker and rotary wing aircraft. He flew 315 combat missions and logged 806 hours of combat flying in fighter aircraft. Eighty of his missions during the Vietnam War were as a "Misty FAC" in the F-100F Super Sabre at Phù Cát Air Base, South Vietnam between 25 December 1968 and 23 April 1969. Fogleman was shot down in Vietnam in 1968, while piloting an F-100. He was rescued by clinging to an AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter that landed at the crash site. In early assignments he instructed student pilots, ...
Peachtree Street" is a 1950 song co-written and recorded by Frank Sinatra in a duet with Rosemary Clooney. The song was released as a Columbia Records single. Frank Sinatra co-wrote the song with Leni Mason and Jimmy Saunders. Mason composed the music while Sinatra and Saunders wrote the lyrics. The song was arranged by George Siravo The song was released as an A side Columbia 10" 78 single, Catalog Number 38853, Matrix Number CO-43100-1 and as a 7" 33, 1-669. The B side was the re-issued "This Is the Night." Neither of the songs charted. The subject of the song is a stroll down the street in Atlanta, Georgia of the same name. Sinatra originally intended Dinah Shore to sing the duet with him. When Shore declined, Clooney was asked. The song was recorded on April 8, 1950. The song features spoken asides by Sinatra and Clooney. Rosemary Clooney asks: "Say, Frank, you wanna take a walk?" Frank Sinatra replies: "Sure, sweetie, just pick a street." He noted how there were no peach trees on the ...
... is a painting by American illustrator Norman Rockwell that depicts a Boy Scout in full uniform standing in front of a waving American flag. It was originally created by Rockwell in 1942 for the 1944 Brown & Bigelow Boy Scout Calendar. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest to be in the painting and personally delivered a print to the Vice President of the United States at the time, Henry A. Wallace. The painting was created to encourage Scouts to participate in the war effort during World War II. The name of the painting, We, Too, Have a Job to Do, comes from a slogan that the Boy Scouts of America used in 1942 to rally scouts to support the troops by collecting metal and planting victory gardens. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest with his local council in Albany, New York, to be depicted in the painting. He traveled to Rockwell's studio in Arlington, Vermont, to model for Rockwell. Since Hamilton was a scout, the uniform shown in the painting was his, unlike some ...
At least 33[failed verification] people were killed by a fuel tanker explosion in Tleil, Akkar District, Lebanon on 15 August 2021. The disaster was reportedly exacerbated by the ongoing Lebanese liquidity crisis; in which the Lebanese pound has plummeted and fuel has been in short supply. The survivors were evacuated by the Lebanese Red Cross. An investigation is underway. The fuel tanker had been confiscated by the Lebanese Armed Forces from black marketeers, the fuel was then distributed/taken by the locals. The son of the man whose land the fuel tanker was located on, was later arrested, accused of deliberately causing the explosion. Agencies (2021-08-15). "At least 20 killed and 79 injured in fuel tank explosion in Lebanon". the Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon fuel explosion kills 22 and injures dozens more". The Independent. 2021-08-15. Archived from the original on 2021-08-15. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon: At least 20 dead and dozens injured after fuel tank explodes as ...
The Straubing Tigers are a professional men's ice hockey team, based in Straubing, Germany, that competes in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Straubing plays its home games at the Eisstadion am Pulverturm, which has a capacity of 5,800 spectators. Promoted to the DEL in 2006, and operating with one of the league's smallest budgets, the team could finish no better than twelfth before the 2011-12 DEL season, when it reached the semi-finals of the playoffs. Their greatest success so far is the qualification for the season 2020-21 of the Champions Hockey League. In 1941, the then 14-year-old Max Pielmaier and his friends Max Pellkofer and Harry Poiger founded the first hockey team in Straubing. The first official game took place on the first of February 1942 in Hof and was lost by a score of 0:1. In the following year there were several games against other Bavarian teams. The game against Landshut on 31 January. 1943 was the last game during the second World War, because the young players also had to ...
Leina is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia. Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Pihtla Parish. "Lisa. Asustusüksuste nimistu" (PDF). haldusreform.fin.ee (in Estonian). Rahandusministeerium. Retrieved 5 December 2017. "Saaremaa külad endiste valdade piires". www.saaremaa.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017. Coordinates: 58°17′10″N 22°46′26″E / 58.28611°N 22.77389°E / 58.28611; 22.77389 v t e (CS1 Estonian-language sources (et), Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no map, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Saaremaa Parish, Coordinates on Wikidata, Villages in Saare County, All stub articles, Saare County geography stubs ...
A sestiere (plural: sestieri) is a subdivision of certain Italian towns and cities. The word is from sesto ('sixth'), so it is thus used only for towns divided into six districts. The best-known example is the sestieri of Venice, but Ascoli Piceno, Genoa, Milan and Rapallo, for example, were also divided into sestieri. The medieval Lordship of Negroponte, on the island of Euboea, was also at times divided into six districts, each with a separate ruler, through the arbitration of Venice, which were known as sestieri. The island of Crete, a Venetian colony (the "Kingdom of Candia") from the Fourth Crusade, was also divided into six parts, named after the sestieri of Venice herself, while the capital Candia retained the status of a comune of Venice. The island of Burano north of Venice is also subdivided into sestieri. A variation of the word is occasionally found: the comune of Leonessa, for example, is divided into sesti or sixths. Other Italian towns with fewer than six official districts are ...
The Island Image is a Chesapeake Bay log canoe, built in 1885 at Elliot's Island, Maryland, by Herman Jones and Isaac Moore. She is 29'-8½" long with a beam of 5-10¼", and has a straight, raking stem and a sharp stern. It is privately owned, and races under No. 17. She one of the last 22 surviving traditional Chesapeake Bay racing log canoes that carry on a tradition of racing on the Eastern Shore of Maryland that has existed since the 1840s. She is located at Chestertown, Kent County, Maryland. She was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008. "Maryland Historical Trust". ISLAND IMAGE (log canoe). Maryland Historical Trust. 2008-06-14. "Island Image #17 , CBLCSA". Island Image. Chesapeake Bay Log Sailing Canoe Association. 2010-07-24. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2010-07-29. ISLAND IMAGE (log canoe), Kent County, including photo in 1984, ...
... (Persian: دهستان بردخون) is a rural district (dehestan) in the Bord Khun District of Deyr County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,115, in 234 families. The rural district has 14 villages. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-11-11. Coordinates: 27°58′N 51°32′E / 27.967°N 51.533°E / 27.967; 51.533 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no map, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Persian-language text, Coordinates on Wikidata, Rural Districts of Bushehr Province, Deyr County, All stub articles, Deyr County geography stubs ...
... is a disease of camels caused by the camelpox virus (CMPV) of the family Poxviridae, subfamily Chordopoxvirinae, and the genus Orthopoxvirus. It causes skin lesions and a generalized infection. Approximately 25% of young camels that become infected will die from the disease, while infection in older camels is generally more mild. Although rare, the infection may spread to the hands of those that work closely with camels. The camelpox virus that causes camelpox is an orthopoxvirus that is very closely related to the variola virus that causes smallpox. It is a large, brick-shaped, enveloped virus that ranges in size from 265-295 nm. The viral genetic material is contained in a linear double-stranded DNA consisting of 202,182 tightly packed base pairs. The DNA is encased in the viral core. Two lateral bodies are found outside the viral core, and are believed to hold the enzymes required for viral reproduction. The camelpox virus most often affects members of family Camelidae. However, ...
... s (/ˈfɛzənt/ FEH-zənt) are birds of several genera within the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes. Although they can be found all over the world in introduced (and captive) populations, the pheasant genera native range is restricted to Eurasia. The classification "pheasant" is paraphyletic, as birds referred to as pheasants are included within both the subfamilies Phasianinae and Pavoninae, and in many cases are more closely related to smaller phasianids, grouse, and turkey (formerly classified in Perdicinae, Tetraoninae, and Meleagridinae) than to other pheasants. Pheasants are characterised by strong sexual dimorphism, males being highly decorated with bright colours and adornments such as wattles. Males are usually larger than females and have longer tails. Males play no part in rearing the young. A pheasants call or cry can be recognised due to the fact it sounds like a rusty sink or valve being turned. Pheasants eat mostly seeds, grains, roots, and berries, while in the ...
Paul S. Mischel (born July 13, 1962) is an American physician-scientist whose laboratory has made pioneering discoveries in the pathogenesis of human cancer. He is currently a Professor and Vice Chair of Research for the Department of Pathology and Institute Scholar of ChEM-H, Stanford University. Mischel was elected into the American Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI), serving as ASCI president in 2010/11. He was inducted into the Association of American Physicians, and was elected as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Mischel was born on July 13, 1962. After losing his father to cancer, he became committed to a career in cancer research. He attended the University of Pennsylvania and received his M.D. from Cornell University Medical College in 1991, graduating Alpha Omega Alpha. Mischel completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology and Neuropathology at UCLA, followed by post-doctoral research training with Louis Reichardt at HHMI-UCSF. Mischel ...
We have previously utilized bioluminescence imaging (BLI) to determine the in vivo colonization dynamics of C. rodentium. ... Citrobacter rodentium is a natural mouse pathogen related to enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. ... In vivo bioluminescence imaging of the murine pathogen Citrobacter rodentium Siouxsie Wiles 1 , Karen M Pickard, Katian Peng, ... In vivo bioluminescence imaging of the murine pathogen Citrobacter rodentium Siouxsie Wiles et al. Infect Immun. 2006 Sep. ...
In Citrobacter rodentium, the tssM1 gene does not encode the C-terminal domain. However, the stop codon is preceded by a run of ... rodentium. Finally, we demonstrate that the tssM gene associated with the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis T6SS-3 gene cluster is ... In Citrobacter rodentium, the tssM1 gene does not encode the C-terminal domain. However, the stop codon is preceded by a run of ... Transcriptional frameshifting rescues Citrobacter rodentium Type VI secretion by the production of two length variants from the ...
Gammaproteobacteria - Citrobacter rodentium PubMed MeSh Term *Overview. Overview. subject area of * Metalloprotease NleC ...
Citrobacter rodentium infection of mice induces cell-mediated immune responses associated with crypt hyperplasia and epithelial ... Citrobacter rodentium/imunologia Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/imunologia Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/metabolismo ... ß-catenin activation and host defense against Citrobacter rodentium infection.. Brown, Jeffrey B; Cheresh, Paul; Goretsky, ... rodentium. C57BL/6 mice were infected with C. rodentium and treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (vehicle control) or with ...
Gupta P, Birdi T. Psidium guajava leaf extract prevents intestinal colonization of Citrobacter rodentium in the mouse model. ... Citrobacter rodentium, a common mouse pathogen, is known to mimic the pathogenecity of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E ... Citrobacter rodentium, a common mouse pathogen, is known to mimic the pathogenecity of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E ... Citrobacter rodentium, a common mouse pathogen, is known to mimic the pathogenecity of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E ...
In wild-type Citrobacter rodentium, the presence of increasing subtoxic concentrations of iron was found to stimulate OMV ... C. rodentium uses the two-component system PmrAB to sense and adapt to environmental iron. Compared to the wild type, the C. ... Finally, we showed that β-lactamase and CroP, two enzymes found in the C. rodentium periplasm and outer membrane (OM), ... These data suggest a novel mechanism by which C. rodentium and possibly other Gram-negative bacteria can negatively affect OMV ...
Rodentium: Helicobacter rodentium; B. vulgatus: Bacteroides vulgatus; C. freundii: Citrobacter freundii. ... Molecular pathogenesis of Citrobacter rodentium and transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. Microbes Infect. 2001;3:333-340. ... Citrobacter rodentium and C. freundii. Animal. Etiologic agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. [84]. ... Community-wide response of the gut microbiota to enteropathogenic Citrobacter rodentium infection revealed by deep sequencing. ...
Biological pathways via which the anthocyanin malvidin alleviated the murine colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium - (Peer ... The anthocyanin malvidin alleviated the murine colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium. mBio. https://doi.org/10.1039/ ...
For example, a 2012 study in mice indicates that lavender might help protect against Citrobacter rodentium, a gut bacterium ... Baker, J., et al. (2012). Medicinal lavender modulates the enteric microbiota to protect against Citrobacter rodentium-induced ...
MeSH Terms: Animals; Antiporters/genetics; Carbonic Anhydrase IV/genetics; Citrobacter rodentium; Colitis/genetics*; Colitis/ ... of the mouse colon was carried out in two cognate lines of mice that differ in their response to Citrobacter rodentium ... In response to C. rodentium infection, 5,123 probe sets were differentially expressed in one or both lines of mice. Microarray ... These studies contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of C. rodentium and suggest novel strategies for the ...
Keywords: Citrobacter rodentium; Enterococcus faecalis; Klebsiella pneumoniae; aerobic respiration; bile acid; bismuth ... rodentium CFU in the feces of vehicle and taurine-treated mice at 5 days post-C. rodentium infection (5 pooled experiments, n ...
Effect of probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus on Citrobacter rodentium colitis: the role of dendritic cells. Pediatr Res. 2009 ... the Gram-negative bacterium Citrobacter rodentium(Th1).. Research in the Shi lab has shown that helminth co-infection results ... 3-Dioxygenase Enhances Commensal-Induced Antibody Responses and Protects against Citrobacter rodentium-Induced Colitis. ... in an impaired host protection and the development of more severe C. rodentium-mediated intestinal inflammation by a STAT 6 ( ...
Citrobacter rodentium of mice and man.. Mundy R; MacDonald TT; Dougan G; Frankel G; Wiles S. Cell Microbiol; 2005 Dec; 7(12): ... 7. Citrobacter rodentium infection causes iNOS-independent intestinal epithelial dysfunction in mice.. Skinn AC; Vergnolle N; ... Saccharomyces boulardii ameliorates Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis through actions on bacterial virulence factors.. Wu X ... Citrobacter rodentium infection causes both mitochondrial dysfunction and intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in vivo: ...
The recolonization of gut B. fragilis following microbiome disruption caused by Citrobacter rodentium infection or antibiotic ... Some pathogens such as enterohemorrhagic or enteropathogenic E. coli (EHEC or EPEC), C. rodentium, and S. typhimurium disrupt ... Lypd8 strongly causes early-phase defense against C. rodentium, which can induce colitis by triggering attachment and ... Mechanistically, Lypd8 inhibits C. rodentium attachment to intestinal epithelial cells by binding to intimin, thereby ...
... like behavior in mice during the initial stages of infection with the agent of murine colonic hyperplasia citrobacter rodentium ...
Citrobacter rodentium and Salmonella spp. Mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions and fed sterilized ...
It was previously considered a strain of CITROBACTER FREUNDII.. Terms. Citrobacter rodentium Preferred Term Term UI T403252. ... Citrobacter [B03.440.450.425.200] * Citrobacter freundii [B03.440.450.425.200.275] * Citrobacter koseri [B03.440.450.425. ... Citrobacter [B03.660.250.150.100] * Citrobacter freundii [B03.660.250.150.100.210] * Citrobacter koseri [B03.660.250.150. ... Citrobacter rodentium Preferred Concept UI. M0354108. Registry Number. txid67825. Scope Note. A species of gram-negative ...
Citrobacter freundii B03.440.450.425.200.475 Citrobacter koseri B03.440.450.425.200.737 Citrobacter rodentium B03.440.450.425. ... Citrobacter freundii B03.660.250.150.100.475 Citrobacter koseri B03.660.250.150.100.737 Citrobacter rodentium B03.660.250.150. ...
They tried it again with Citrobacter rodentium, a strain of bacteria similar to the E. coli strains that make humans sick. Germ ... Both C. rodentium and salmonella flourished in these environments.. Added defense. To see what role the bodys own immune ... They exposed groups of these mice to C. rodentium and found that only the mice given Clostridia were able to resist the ... But when the researchers added bacteria from 16-day-old normal mice, the amount of C. rodentium in the guts of surviving mice ...
Citrobacter rodentium, which produces light. Dr James Collins, who works in Prof Frankels lab, then puts the infected mice ...
Citrobacter rodentium, Shigella flexneri in humans (Moslehi-Jenabian et al. 2010). In healthy individuals, orally administered ...
H7 and its murine-specific relative Citrobacter rodentium, where it lies adjacent to genes implicated in sugar sensing and ... C. rodentium ΔafuA was significantly impaired in an in vivo murine competitive assay as well as its ability to transmit ...
... and long-term IEC responsiveness to infection by integrating signals from the microbiota.Employing Citrobacter rodentium, a ...
... or Citrobacter rodentium, but not in murine Helicobacter pylori infection. Our data implicate eotaxin-1 as an etiologic factor ...
... and Citrobacter rodentium due to impaired production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are required for resistance to these ...
Upon oral challenge with the murine colonic pathogen Citrobacter rodentium, which induces colonic histopathology with ... rodentium-induced colitis. Like its human homologue (i.e., enteropathogenic E. coli), C. rodentium induces colonic inflammation ... Thus, the use of C. rodentium is an ideal model to determine whether the colonic epithelium is critical in the link between ... reuteri is involved with the observed increase in colonic histopathology in mice challenged with Citrobacter rodentium during ...
Citrobacter rodentium PCR kit. PCR-V340-48D Bioingentech 50T. EUR 543.6 Citrobacter rodentium PCR kit. ...
Citrobacter rodentium. Scope note:. Especie de bacterias gramnegativas del género CITROBACTER, familia ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. Como ... Citrobacter rodentium - Preferred Concept UI. M0354108. Scope note. A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus ... It was previously considered a strain of CITROBACTER FREUNDII.. Annotation:. infection: coordinate with ENTEROBACTERIACEAE ... A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus CITROBACTER, family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. As an important pathogen of laboratory ...
It was previously considered a strain of CITROBACTER FREUNDII.. Terms. Citrobacter rodentium Preferred Term Term UI T403252. ... Citrobacter [B03.440.450.425.200] * Citrobacter freundii [B03.440.450.425.200.275] * Citrobacter koseri [B03.440.450.425. ... Citrobacter [B03.660.250.150.100] * Citrobacter freundii [B03.660.250.150.100.210] * Citrobacter koseri [B03.660.250.150. ... Citrobacter rodentium Preferred Concept UI. M0354108. Registry Number. txid67825. Scope Note. A species of gram-negative ...
  • Citrobacter rodentium is a natural mouse pathogen related to enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, BLI revealed that C. rodentium colonizes the rectum, a site previously unreported for this pathogen. (nih.gov)
  • Citrobacter rodentium, a common mouse pathogen, is known to mimic the pathogenecity of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E. coli. (cmich.edu)
  • Our group has previously shown that PmrC (also known as EptA) and CptA maintain OM integrity and provide resistance to iron toxicity and antibiotics in the murine pathogen Citrobacter rodentium In several enteric bacteria, these proteins modify the lipid A and core regions of lipopolysaccharide with phosphoethanolamine moieties. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • 8. Interleukin-7 produced by intestinal epithelial cells in response to Citrobacter rodentium infection plays a major role in innate immunity against this pathogen. (nih.gov)
  • 9. MyD88 signalling plays a critical role in host defence by controlling pathogen burden and promoting epithelial cell homeostasis during Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis. (nih.gov)
  • 12. Impaired resistance and enhanced pathology during infection with a noninvasive, attaching-effacing enteric bacterial pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium, in mice lacking IL-12 or IFN-gamma. (nih.gov)
  • Upon oral challenge with the murine colonic pathogen Citrobacter rodentium, which induces colonic histopathology with similarities to human IBD, mice exposed to SDR (and thus having lower levels of L. reuteri) had a significant increase in pathogen-induced colitis as indicated by a significant increase in colonic histopathology, chemokines (e.g. (nih.gov)
  • Increased numbers of P-ß- catenin (552)-stained epithelial cells were found throughout expanded crypts in C. rodentium colitis . (bvsalud.org)
  • The anthocyanin malvidin alleviated the murine colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium. (usda.gov)
  • 3. Preinoculation with the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus early in life effectively inhibits murine Citrobacter rodentium colitis. (nih.gov)
  • 4. CD4+ T cells transfer resistance against Citrobacter rodentium-induced infectious colitis by induction of Th 1 immunity. (nih.gov)
  • 14. Saccharomyces boulardii ameliorates Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis through actions on bacterial virulence factors. (nih.gov)
  • Importantly, preventing the stressor-induced reduction in L. reuteri by feeding L. reuteri to the mice during stressor exposure abrogated the effects of the stressor on C. rodentium-induced colitis. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, the use of C. rodentium is an ideal model to determine whether the colonic epithelium is critical in the link between stress, the microbiota, and exacerbation of colitis. (nih.gov)
  • We recently found that IL-21 is necessary to optimize activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in gut CD4 T cells to effectively clear a Citrobacter rodentium colitis. (nih.gov)
  • A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus CITROBACTER , family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE . (nih.gov)
  • Especie de bacterias gramnegativas del género CITROBACTER, familia ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. (bvsalud.org)
  • Citrobacter rodentium infection of mice induces cell -mediated immune responses associated with crypt hyperplasia and epithelial ß- catenin signaling. (bvsalud.org)
  • C57BL/6 mice were infected with C. rodentium and treated with dimethyl sulfoxide ( DMSO ) (vehicle control) or with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or wortmannin . (bvsalud.org)
  • In response to C. rodentium infection, 5,123 probe sets were differentially expressed in one or both lines of mice. (nih.gov)
  • Electrolyte analysis revealed reduction in serum levels of chloride and sodium in susceptible animals.The results support the hypothesis that mortality in C. rodentium-infected susceptible mice is associated with impaired intestinal ion transport and development of fatal fluid loss and dehydration. (nih.gov)
  • 7. Citrobacter rodentium infection causes iNOS-independent intestinal epithelial dysfunction in mice. (nih.gov)
  • 15. Impaired innate immune response and enhanced pathology during Citrobacter rodentium infection in mice lacking functional P-selectin. (nih.gov)
  • 18. Citrobacter rodentium of mice and man. (nih.gov)
  • But when the researchers added bacteria from 16-day-old normal mice, the amount of C. rodentium in the guts of surviving mice went down. (fabresearch.org)
  • They exposed groups of these mice to C. rodentium and found that only the mice given Clostridia were able to resist the infections. (fabresearch.org)
  • Our studies demonstrate that stressor-induced reduction in commensal Lactobacillus reuteri is involved with the observed increase in colonic histopathology in mice challenged with Citrobacter rodentium during exposure to a well characterized and widely used social stressor. (nih.gov)
  • General Information: Citrobacter rodentium is the causative agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia in mice. (up.ac.za)
  • 2. The natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp46 is dispensable for IL-22-mediated innate intestinal immune defense against Citrobacter rodentium. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Citrobacter rodentium infection causes both mitochondrial dysfunction and intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in vivo: role of mitochondrial associated protein (Map). (nih.gov)
  • Research in the Shi lab has shown that helminth co-infection results in an impaired host protection and the development of more severe C. rodentium -mediated intestinal inflammation by a STAT 6 (Th2) dependent mechanism. (massgeneral.org)
  • These data suggest a novel mechanism by which C. rodentium and possibly other Gram-negative bacteria can negatively affect OMV production through the PmrAB-regulated genes pmrC (eptA) and cptAIMPORTANCE Although OMVs secreted by Gram-negative bacteria fulfill multiple functions, the molecular mechanism of OMV biogenesis remains ill defined. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Here, we show that these proteins also repress OMV production in response to environmental iron in C. rodentium These data support the emerging understanding that lipopolysaccharide modifications are important regulators of OMV biogenesis in Gram-negative bacteria. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • They tried it again with Citrobacter rodentium , a strain of bacteria similar to the E. coli strains that make humans sick. (fabresearch.org)
  • We show that the inhibition of PI3K signaling attenuates epithelial Akt activation, the Ser552 phosphorylation and activation of ß- catenin , and epithelial cell proliferative responses during C. rodentium infection . (bvsalud.org)
  • Epithelial phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling is required for ß-catenin activation and host defense against Citrobacter rodentium infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • C. rodentium ΔafuA was significantly impaired in an in vivo murine competitive assay as well as its ability to transmit infection from an afflicted to a naïve murine host. (rcsb.org)
  • C. rodentium are being used as models for studying mucosal response to infection, colon tumor production, and virulence associated with pathogenic E. coli. (up.ac.za)
  • This system involves two murine enteric infectious agents that induce distinct Th responses: (i) the helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Th2) and (ii) the Gram-negative bacterium Citrobacter rodentium (Th1). (massgeneral.org)
  • AfuABC is conserved across a wide range of bacterial genera, including the enteric pathogens EHEC O157:H7 and its murine-specific relative Citrobacter rodentium, where it lies adjacent to genes implicated in sugar sensing and acquisition. (rcsb.org)
  • We have previously utilized bioluminescence imaging (BLI) to determine the in vivo colonization dynamics of C. rodentium. (nih.gov)
  • However, due to the oxygen requirement of the bioluminescence system and the colonic localization of C. rodentium, in vivo localization studies were performed using harvested organs. (nih.gov)
  • It was previously considered a strain of CITROBACTER FREUNDII . (nih.gov)
  • Fue considerado previamente como una cepa de CITROBACTER FREUNDII. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we report the detection of bioluminescent C. rodentium and commensal E. coli during colonization of the gastrointestinal tract in intact living animals. (nih.gov)
  • Like its human homologue (i.e., enteropathogenic E. coli), C. rodentium induces colonic inflammation by colonizing the colonic epithelium. (nih.gov)
  • Importantly, plasmid complementation of C. rodentium strains with either pmrC (eptA) or cptA resulted in a drastic inhibition of OMV production. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Compared to the wild type, the C. rodentium ΔpmrAB strain exhibited heightened OMV production at similar iron concentrations. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • 13. Emergence of a 'hyperinfectious' bacterial state after passage of Citrobacter rodentium through the host gastrointestinal tract. (nih.gov)
  • In the present study, the P. guajava leaf extract was tested for its efficacy in treating infectious diarrhea using a C. rodentium mouse model. (cmich.edu)
  • Our aim was to determine whether epithelial PI3K/Akt activation is required for ß- catenin signaling and host defense against C. rodentium. (bvsalud.org)
  • The results suggest that the host defense against C. rodentium requires epithelial PI3K activation to induce Akt-mediated ß- catenin signaling and the clearance of C. rodentium independent of adaptive immune responses . (bvsalud.org)
  • In Citrobacter rodentium, the tssM1 gene does not encode the C-terminal domain. (ucc.ie)
  • Gueguen E, Wills NM, Atkins JF, Cascales E (2014) Transcriptional Frameshifting Rescues Citrobacter rodentium Type VI Secretion by the Production of Two Length Variants from the Prematurely Interrupted tssM Gene. (ucc.ie)
  • In wild-type Citrobacter rodentium, the presence of increasing subtoxic concentrations of iron was found to stimulate OMV production 4- to 9-fold above baseline. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • C. rodentium uses the two-component system PmrAB to sense and adapt to environmental iron. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Like its human homologue (i.e., enteropathogenic E. coli), C. rodentium induces colonic inflammation by colonizing the colonic epithelium. (nih.gov)
  • Attaching and effacing pathogens include enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EHEC and EPEC, respectively) and Citrobacter rodentium ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Intimin subtypes found in other E. albertii respectively) and Citrobacter rodentium ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Of the 275 strains examined, 267 possessed 1 of the 26 known intimin subtypes (4 subtypes-η, ν, τ, and a subtype unique to C. rodentium -were not found). (cdc.gov)