Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.
A phylum of EUKARYOTES characterized by the presence of cilia at some time during the life cycle. It comprises three classes: KINETOFRAGMINOPHOREA; OLIGOHYMENOPHOREA; and POLYMENOPHOREA.
A class of ciliate protozoa. Characteristics include the presence of a well developed oral apparatus and oral cilia being clearly distinct from somatic cilia.
The small ribonucleoprotein component of RIBOSOMES. It contains the MESSENGER RNA binding site and two TRANSFER RNA binding sites - one for the incoming AMINO ACYL TRNA (A site) and the other (P site) for the peptidyl tRNA carrying the elongating peptide chain.
Constituent of the 40S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 18S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.
Ribonucleic acid in protozoa having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of protozoa.
Common name for two families of FLATFISHES belonging to the order Pleuronectiformes: left-eye flounders (Bothidae) and right-eye flounders (Pleuronectidae). The latter is more commonly used in research.
A republic in southern Africa, south of ANGOLA and west of BOTSWANA. Its capital is Windhoek.
DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.
Genes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which are transcribed to produce the RNA which is incorporated into RIBOSOMES. Prokaryotic rRNA genes are usually found in OPERONS dispersed throughout the GENOME, whereas eukaryotic rRNA genes are clustered, multicistronic transcriptional units.
Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Constituent of the 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 5.8S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis in eukaryotes.
Invertebrate organisms that live on or in another organism (the host), and benefit at the expense of the other. Traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic BACTERIA; FUNGI; VIRUSES; and PLANTS; though they may live parasitically.
The relationship between an invertebrate and another organism (the host), one of which lives at the expense of the other. Traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic BACTERIA; FUNGI; VIRUSES; and PLANTS; though they may live parasitically.
Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.
Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. The infestation may be experimental or veterinary.
Proteins found in any species of protozoan.
Measure of the number of the PARASITES present in a host organism.
The interdisciplinary science that studies evolutionary biology, including the origin and evolution of the major elements required for life, their processing in the interstellar medium and in protostellar systems. This field also includes the study of chemical evolution and the subsequent interactions between evolving biota and planetary evolution as well as the field of biology that deals with the study of extraterrestrial life.

Dermatitis with invasive ciliated protozoa in dolphins that died during the 1987-1988 Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin morbilliviral epizootic. (1/51)

Dermatitis with intradermal cilated protozoa was identified in 18 of 95 (19%) Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) that died during the 1987-1988 Atlantic-dolphin morbillivirus epizootic. The lesions were characterized by focally extensive suppurative and histiocytic dermatitis and cellulitis with ulceration and variable numbers of dermal and hypodermal ciliates. Vasculitis, thrombosis, and/or intravascular ciliates were rarely present. In one dolphin, there was an associated lymphadenitis with ciliates, and in another, bronchopneumonia with rare intrabronchiolar ciliates. Ten of the dolphins were female, and eight were male. The animals ranged in length from 148 to 260 cm. Eleven were from Virginia, four were from New Jersey, and three were from Florida. In 13 dolphins, results of immunohistochemical and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were positive for morbillivirus infection. Results of immunohistochemical tests were negative in four dolphins that were not also tested with PCR. Results were also negative in one dolphin tested using both methods. Nine dolphins had concomitant bacterial, fungal, and/or other protozoal infections. Fourteen other dolphins with ciliate-associated dermatitis were identified from 414 Atlantic bottlenose dolphin cases (3%) archived at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. The incidence of dermatitis with invasive ciliates is much greater in dolphins that died during the 1987-1988 epizootic.  (+info)

Anti-immunoglobulin antisera used in an ELISA to detect antibodies in barramundi Lates calcarifer to Cryptocaryon irritans. (2/51)

Immunoglobulins (Ig) in serum from barramundi vaccinated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and affinity chromatography using BSA as the ligand. The BSA-binding activity of eluted putative Ig fractions was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before being pooled and characterised by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Double affinity purification did not improve the purity of the Ig preparation compared to single affinity purification. Barramundi Ig were injected into sheep to produce anti-Ig antisera which were assessed in an indirect ELISA as the secondary antibody to detect serum Ig in barramundi vaccinated with Cryptocaryon irritans theronts. Affinity-purified Ig induced a more specific reagent for use as secondary antibody in ELISA than did normal whole-barramundi sera. The heavy (H) chain of barramundi Ig had an apparent molecular weight of 70 kDa while that of the light (L) chain was 27 kDa in SDS-PAGE studies. Under non-reducing conditions 2 putative populations of Ig were identified, at 768 and 210 kDa. The N-terminal sequence of the barramundi Ig H chain showed 78% homology with channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Ig H chain sequence.  (+info)

Ichthyophthiriasis in carp Cyprinus carpio: infectivity of trophonts prematurely exiting both the immune and non-immune host. (3/51)

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis exposed to naturally immunised carp established short-term infections, the majority of parasites actively emerging within 2 h of entering the epidermis. A small, but significant, number of these expelled parasites were shown to retain theront-like properties with the capacity to directly re-invade a further fish host. Infectivity fell rapidly with time in the host and was comparable to that of trophonts of a similar age artificially induced to emerge from non-immune hosts with the aid of MEM (minimal essential medium). Trophonts recovered with MEM from immune carp 2 to 8 h post infection rarely established infections upon exposure to susceptible new hosts and no infections resulted from older trophonts recovered after 8 to 24 h exposure; older trophonts, however, represented only a small percentage of the original parasite population. A low level of infectivity was recorded in trophonts collected with the aid of MEM from non-immune carp after up to 24 h of infection. The results are discussed in relation to theront transformation and evasion of the host immune response.  (+info)

Associations between epidermal thionin-positive cells and skin parasitic infections in brown trout Salmo trutta. (4/51)

The dynamics of the densities of epidermal thionin-positive cells (putative mast cells) in the skin of brown trout fry were investigated during experimental infections with the skin parasites Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora) and Gyrodactylus derjavini (Monogenea). It was shown that the metachromatic thionin-stained cells were extremely sensitive to parasite exposure, as the density of cells in the skin of trout decreased markedly after exposure to the pathogens. As early as 7 d post infection the cell counts were significantly reduced and almost totally depleted following 9 d infection, which suggests that degranulation of the cells occurs following parasite exposure. No recruitment of new cells was seen during the study period. Some reduction in uninfected control groups indicates that the putative mast cells are sensitive to stress as well. A notable variation in densities of thionin-stained cells between different fins was found and the corneal surface was devoid of these cells. The possible implications of these cells in host-parasite interactions are suggested and discussed.  (+info)

Trichodina sp. (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) in eel Anguilla anguilla in recirculation systems in denmark: host-parasite relations. (5/51)

Farmed eel cultured in recirculation systems in Denmark were found infected by Trichodina jadranica Raabe, 1958. Associations between parasite abundance and fish size was examined in 2 different production systems. In one system, stocked with relatively well-nourished eels (3 to 31 g), most of the parasites (66%) were found on the dorsal part on the skin and relatively few were found on the gills (approx. 8%). The infection level was significantly positively correlated both with fish weight and length. In the other system, stocked with relatively malnourished small eels (0.5 to 4 g), significantly more parasites (0.06 +/- 0.02 [SD]) were present on fish with a low condition factor than on fish with a higher condition factor (0.13 +/- 0.01 [SD]). In this eel stock the vast majority of the trichodines were found on the gills.  (+info)

A new strain of Cryptocaryon irritans from the cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. (6/51)

An obligate parasite, Cryptocaryon irritans, which is responsible for the white spot disease of marine fish is known to develop in the temperature regime over 19 degrees C. Recently, however, we found white spot disease of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus during winter at water temperatures ranging between 12 and 16 degrees C in Korea. In the present study we isolated a C. irritans-like ciliate from the affected fish and investigated its reproductive characters to compare the newly found ciliate with typical C. irritans. The newly found ciliate had an additional process in the reproductive stage, characterized by a budding before palintomic division, and it showed a higher ability to carry out tomitogenesis at a low temperature (16 degrees C) than at a high temperature (24 degrees C). Nevertheless, the present ciliates still had much in common with typical C. irritans with respect to clinical, histopathological, and morphological characters, suggesting that it is a new strain of C. irritans, adapted to lower water temperature.  (+info)

Occurrence of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis within the peritoneal cavities of infected channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. (7/51)

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliated protozoan parasite that infects the skin and gills of freshwater fish. This report describes the unusual finding of I. multifiliis within the peritoneal cavities of experimentally infected channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Twenty catfish fingerlings were exposed to I. multifiliis theronts using a standardized protocol. Five infected fish and 2 control fish were killed at various time points after infection and their tissues examined. Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded sections were processed for light microscopy and immunohistochemical detection of I. multifiliis immobilization antigen. Trophonts were observed in skin and gill sections of all exposed fish. Parasites were associated with epithelial hyperplasia, focal areas of cellular disruption and necrosis. In addition to these usual sites of infection, individual trophonts were unexpectedly found within the peritoneal cavities of 4 fish. Staining for parasite antigen facilitated their detection within abdominal adipose tissue or adjacent to intestines. This discovery is interesting as it suggests I. multifiliis may be found in tissues other than the skin and gills during the course of a normal infection.  (+info)

Effect of lectins on the invasion of Ichthyophthirius theront to channel catfish tissue. (8/51)

This study determined the effects of lectin binding to theronts of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis on theront immobilization, invasion, trophont development and survival in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus excised fins in vitro. Soybean agglutinin (SBA), lentil agglutinin (LCA), gorse agglutinin (UEA-I) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) were used to treat theronts. Percentages of theronts immobilized by 4 lectins ranged from 12.0 to 19.4% at a concentration of 1000 microg ml(-1). These lectins bound more than half of the theronts at a concentration of 50 microg ml(-1). More theronts were labeled by SBA and WGA than by lectin LCA at concentrations of 50 and 100 microg ml(-1), respectively. The binding of these lectins to theronts indicated that monosaccharides (D-galactose, L-fucose, D-mannose and D-glucose) and amino sugar derivatives (N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine) were present on the surface of theronts. Invasion was reduced significantly for theronts treated with LCA, UEA-I and WGA. No difference in invasion was found between control and SBA bound theronts (p > 0.05). The binding of lectin LCA, UEA-I and WGA to theronts significantly reduced the development of trophonts (p < 0.05). The mean volumes of trophonts labeled with these 3 lectins were smaller than volumes in control trophonts from 8 to 48 h after exposure. Survival was lower in trophonts labeled with lectins than in control trophonts at 48 h after exposure.  (+info)

Note: Ciliophora infections are relatively rare in developed countries but are a significant cause of gastrointestinal illness in developing nations.

Some common types of fish diseases include:

1. Bacterial infections: These are caused by bacteria such as Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, and Mycobacterium. Symptoms can include fin and tail rot, body slime, and ulcers.
2. Viral infections: These are caused by viruses such as viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN). Symptoms can include lethargy, loss of appetite, and rapid death.
3. Protozoan infections: These are caused by protozoa such as Cryptocaryon and Ichthyophonus. Symptoms can include flashing, rapid breathing, and white spots on the body.
4. Fungal infections: These are caused by fungi such as Saprolegnia and Achlya. Symptoms can include fuzzy growths on the body and fins, and sluggish behavior.
5. Parasitic infections: These are caused by parasites such as Ichthyophonus and Cryptocaryon. Symptoms can include flashing, rapid breathing, and white spots on the body.

Diagnosis of fish diseases is typically made through a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and observation of the fish's behavior and environment. Treatment options vary depending on the type of disease and the severity of symptoms, and can include antibiotics, antifungals, and medicated baths. Prevention is key in managing fish diseases, and this includes maintaining good water quality, providing a balanced diet, and keeping the fish in a healthy environment.

Note: The information provided is a general overview of common fish diseases and their symptoms, and should not be considered as professional medical advice. If you suspect your fish has a disease, it is recommended that you consult with a veterinarian or a qualified aquarium expert for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Some common types of streptococcal infections include:

1. Strep throat (pharyngitis): an infection of the throat and tonsils that can cause fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes.
2. Sinusitis: an infection of the sinuses (air-filled cavities in the skull) that can cause headache, facial pain, and nasal congestion.
3. Pneumonia: an infection of the lungs that can cause cough, fever, chills, and shortness of breath.
4. Cellulitis: an infection of the skin and underlying tissue that can cause redness, swelling, and warmth over the affected area.
5. Endocarditis: an infection of the heart valves, which can cause fever, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and abdomen.
6. Meningitis: an infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord that can cause fever, headache, stiff neck, and confusion.
7. Septicemia (blood poisoning): an infection of the bloodstream that can cause fever, chills, rapid heart rate, and low blood pressure.

Streptococcal infections are usually treated with antibiotics, which can help clear the infection and prevent complications. In some cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat the infection.

Prevention measures for streptococcal infections include:

1. Good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently, especially after contact with someone who is sick.
2. Avoiding close contact with people who have streptococcal infections.
3. Keeping wounds and cuts clean and covered to prevent bacterial entry.
4. Practicing safe sex to prevent the spread of streptococcal infections through sexual contact.
5. Getting vaccinated against streptococcus pneumoniae, which can help prevent pneumonia and other infections caused by this bacterium.

It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you or someone else may have a streptococcal infection, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.

1. Heartworms: A parasite that infects the heart and lungs of dogs and cats, causing respiratory problems and potentially leading to heart failure.
2. Tapeworms: A type of parasite that can infect the digestive system of animals, causing weight loss, diarrhea, and other symptoms.
3. Mites: Small, eight-legged parasites that can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions in animals.
4. Lice: Small, wingless parasites that feed on the blood of animals, causing itching and scratching.
5. Hookworms: A type of parasite that can infect the digestive system of animals, causing weight loss, anemia, and other symptoms.
6. Roundworms: A common type of parasite that can infect animals, causing a range of symptoms including diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss.
7. Ticks: Blood-sucking parasites that can transmit diseases to animals, such as Lyme disease and anaplasmosis.
8. Fleas: Small, wingless insects that feed on the blood of animals, causing itching and scratching.
9. Leishmaniasis: A parasitic disease caused by a protozoan parasite that can infect dogs and other animals, causing skin lesions and other symptoms.
10. Babesiosis: A parasitic disease caused by a protozoan parasite that can infect dogs and other animals, causing fever, anemia, and other symptoms.

Parasitic diseases in animals are often diagnosed through physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment options vary depending on the specific disease and the severity of the infection, but may include antiparasitic medications, antibiotics, and supportive care such as fluid therapy and nutritional support. Prevention is key in avoiding parasitic diseases in animals, and this can be achieved through regular deworming and vaccination programs, as well as taking measures to reduce exposure to parasites such as fleas and ticks.

Ciliophora: Scuticociliatia) infection". Fish Shellfish Immunol. 26 (1): 29-32. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2008.10.001. PMID 18992348. ... Gao F, Katz LA, Song W (2012). "Insights into the phylogenetic and taxonomy of philasterid ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora, ...
Ciliophora: Scuticociliatia) infection". Fish Shellfish Immunol. 26 (1): 29-32. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2008.10.001. PMID 18992348. ... Gao F, Katz LA, Song W (2012). "Insights into the phylogenetic and taxonomy of philasterid ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora, ...
In the final phase of infection, ciliates reach the brain and cause softening and liquefaction of the tissue. Diagnosis of P. ... Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia), with an improved diagnosis of the genus Uronemella". International Journal of ... Although the route of entry to the host is unknown, the findings of experimental infection studies suggest that the ciliate ... In addition, the ciliate has also been reported to cause infections in other flatfishes, such as the olive flounder ( ...
It is unclear what triggers infection, although infection rates are known to be higher, in both experimental and aquaculture ... Paramá, A; Iglesias, R; Álvarez, M.F; Leiro, J; Aja, C; Sanmartı́n, M.L (March 2003). "Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora, ... Infections by U. marinum show a less severe disease course, possibly restricted to the skin surface; it has been suggested that ... In one study, infection by Miamiensis avidus was reported to have a higher mortality rate than Pseudocohnilembus persalinus, ...
Experimental infections under laboratory conditions have produced varying results on the mechanism of infection; results in ... Jung, SJ; Kitamura, SI; Song, JY; Oh, MJ (18 January 2007). "Miamiensis avidus (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatida) causes systemic ... Infections caused by M. avidus have been described in wild fish populations and in aquaculture, where it is an economically ... In one comparative study, M. avidus infections spread further within host fish and had a significantly higher mortality rate ...
Jung S J, Kitamura SI, Song JY, Oh MJ (2007). Miamiensis avidus (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatida) causes systemic infection of ...
Balantidium Coli (Balantidiasis) is an example of a member of the phylum Ciliophora. Balantidiasis is the only ciliate known to ... Sometimes the infection can be observed; the most common symptoms include diarrhea, stomach pains, loss of appetite, nausea, ... Protozoan infections are parasitic diseases caused by organisms formerly classified in the kingdom Protozoa. They are usually ... Symptoms of this infection include diarrhea with blood and mucus, and can alternate between constipation and remission, ...
Wolbachia infection are the most common infection in arthropods today, and over 40% of arthropods have contracted it. Wolbachia ... aegypti with Lambornella stegomyiae (Ciliophora: Tetrahymenidae)". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 66 (3): 303-6. doi: ... Artificial infection of males is achieved by the removal of cytoplasm from infected oocytes, which is then transferred into ... Although the Wolbachia infection is prevalent in arthropod species, especially the Asian tiger mosquito, it is a useful ...
Ciliophora: Uronematidae). JG Parker, Marine biology, 1979 Data related to Uronematidae at Wikispecies Media related to ... with a description of the histopathology of the infection in marine fishes. PJ Cheung, RF Nigrelli, GD Ruggieri, Journal of ...
infection" (PDF). Coral Reefs. 28 (1): 67. doi:10.1007/s00338-008-0419-y. S2CID 25104122. Archived from the original (PDF) on ... Lynn, D.H. (2001). "Ciliophora". Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. doi:10.1038/npg.els.0004264. Lynn, D. ( ... Its authors therefore gave this new manifestation the name "Caribbean ciliate infection". Antonius, Arnfried A.; Lipscomb, ...
Barhey, K.; Gibson, I. (1984). "A study on the conditions for infection of Holospora caryophila, a macronuclear symbiont of ... Ciliophora, Protozoa)". Folia Biologica. 58 (3): 185-188. doi:10.3409/fb58_3-4.185-188. PMID 20968184. (Articles with short ... Ciliophora, Protozoa)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 67 (1): 255-265. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.01.016. PMID 23396203 ... Ciliophora, Protozoa)". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 18 (1): 39-50. doi:10.1007/s13127-017-0357-z. S2CID 3863879. ...
doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1975.tb05187.x. Karajan, B; Vishnyakov, A; Tavrovskaya, M; Vasyanin, S (2007). "Infection of algae-free ... Ciliophora) of Uncertain Affinities, Based on New Sequences of the Small Subunit rRNA Gene". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology ... Ciliophora, Postciliodesmatophora) Based on Small Subunit rRNA Gene Sequences". The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 54 (4 ...
Ramos MF, Costa AR, Barandela T, Saraiva A, Rodrigues PN (2007). "Scuticociliate infection and pathology in cultured turbot ... Subphylum Ciliophora)". Transactions of the American Microscopical Society. 86 (4): 345. doi:10.2307/3224258. Jung, Sung-Ju; ...
Heavy infections of Licnophora auerbachii have been known to damage the eyes of the scallop Chlamys opercularis, by abrading ... n. (Ciliophora: Heterotrichea) from South African Turban Shells (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia)" (PDF). Acta Protozoologica. 39: ... Ciliophora) of Uncertain Affinities, Based on New Sequences of the Small Subunit rRNA Gene". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology ... phylum Ciliophora) endosymbiotic in echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata)". The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 49 (6): 460- ...
Ciliophora, or ciliates, are a group of protists that utilize cilia for locomotion. Examples include Paramecium, Stentors, and ... are responsible for candidiasis, causing infections of the mouth and/or throat (known as thrush) and vagina (commonly called ... "Ciliophora: ciliates, move with cilia". www.microscope-microscope.org. Retrieved 2015-11-23. "Introduction to the Ciliata". www ... Bernstein, Harris; Bernstein, Carol; Michod, Richard E. (January 2018). "Sex in microbial pathogens". Infection, Genetics and ...
Infection creates a culling effect, whereby infected migrating animals are less likely to complete the migration. This results ... Verni, F.; Rosati, G. (2011). "Resting cysts: A survival strategy in Protozoa Ciliophora". Italian Journal of Zoology. 78 (2): ... or Ciliophora (cells equipped with large numbers of cilia used for movement and feeding, e.g. Balantidium coli) With the ... Ciliophora) formed a natural group, or monophyletic clade, once a few extraneous members (such as Stephanopogon or ...
Epibiotic bacteria have been found to live on crustacean larvae and protect them from fungal infections. Other microbes in deep ... Organisms from seven phyla (ciliophora, porifera, platyhelminthes, nematoda, mollusca, annelida and arthropoda) are known to ... Microbes and Infection. 18 (1): 1-10. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2015.08.016. PMC 4715918. PMID 26384815. Nyholm SV, McFall-Ngai MJ ( ...
Contractile vacuoles are found in certain protists, especially those in Phylum Ciliophora. These vacuoles take water from the ... Infection and Immunity. 80 (6): 1948-57. doi:10.1128/IAI.06014-11. PMC 3370574. PMID 22409932. Yáñez-Mó M, Siljander PR, Andreu ...
Recent papers have proposed the use of viruses to treat infections caused by protozoa. Researchers from the Agricultural ... Ciliophora, the (phagocytic) amoeba, and the (spore-forming) Sporozoa. Protophyta Protophyta are "plant-like" (autotrophic) ... Hyman P, Atterbury R, Barrow P (May 2013). "Fleas and smaller fleas: virotherapy for parasite infections". Trends in ...
Echazarreta, MA; Klose, KE (2019). "Vibrio Flagellar Synthesis". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 9: 131. doi: ... Ciliophora, Stephanopogon, Parabasalida, Hemimastigophora, Caryoblastea, Multicilia, the gametes (or zoids) of Oedogoniales ( ...
Categories: Ciliophora Infections Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Seasonal Dynamics of Conchophthirus acuminatus (Ciliophora, Conchophthiridae) Infection in Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis ... Ciliata: Ophryoglenidae) Infection in Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae). Journal of Invertebrate ... Patterns of Emergence and Survival of Conchophthirus acuminatus (Ciliophora: Conchophthiridae) from Dreissena polymorpha ( ...
In vivo priming heterophil innate immune functions and increasing resistance to Salmonella enteritidis infection in neonatal ... CpG-ODN increases resistance of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) against Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora: ... Scuticociliatia) infection.. Lee EH; Kim KH. Fish Shellfish Immunol; 2009 Jan; 26(1):29-32. PubMed ID: 18992348. [TBL] ...
Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.. Entry Version. CILIOPHORA INFECT. Entry Term(s). Infections, Ciliophora ... Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.. Terms. Ciliophora Infections Preferred Term Term UI T050333. Date01/01/1999 ... Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections [C01.610.752.100] * Ciliophora Infections [C01.610.752.200] * Balantidiasis [ ... Infections, Ciliophora Term UI T050332. Date03/01/1991. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1992). ...
Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.. Annotation:. protozoan infect; GEN or unspecified; most common infect is ... Infections à ciliophores Entry term(s):. Ciliophora Infection. Infection, Ciliophora. Infections, Ciliophora. ... Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA. Preferred term. Ciliophora Infections Entry term(s). Ciliophora Infection ... Ciliophora Infections - Preferred Concept UI. M0025560. Scope note. ...
Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.. Entry Version. CILIOPHORA INFECT. Entry Term(s). Infections, Ciliophora ... Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA.. Terms. Ciliophora Infections Preferred Term Term UI T050333. Date01/01/1999 ... Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections [C01.610.752.100] * Ciliophora Infections [C01.610.752.200] * Balantidiasis [ ... Infections, Ciliophora Term UI T050332. Date03/01/1991. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1992). ...
infection: coordinate IM with CILIOPHORA INFECTIONS (IM); coordinate with specific protozoan terms (ANTIGENS, PROTOZOAN, etc) ...
SENRA, MARCUS V.X. A house for two ? double bacterial infection in Euplotes woodruffi SQ1 (Ciliophora, Euplotia) sampled in ... A house for two ? double bacterial infection in Euplotes woodruffi SQ1 (Ciliophora, Euplotia) sampled in southeastern Brazil. ... SENRA, MARCUS V.X. Euplotes woodruffi (Ciliophora: Euplotida), uma casa para três. 2013. Apresentação de Trabalho/Conferência ...
An analysis of infections by age group revealed that the general frequency of phylum Ciliophora and strongylid parasites was ... Cryptosporidiosis is an infection caused by a protozoon that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract. More than forty valid species ... Piroplasm infections in domestic cats have been reported with increasing frequency in numerous countries. However, in some ... The parasite, which lives in the large intestine and in other organs, can lead to serious infections that may culminate in ...
Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections [C01.610.752.100] * Ciliophora Infections [C01.610.752.200] * Coccidiosis [C01.610. ... 1995; for BESNOITIASIS see PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS 1985-1994, was heading 1968-1984; for EIMERIA INFECTIONS & ISOSPORA INFECTIONS ... 1995; for BESNOITIASIS use PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS 1985-1994, was heading 1968-1984; for EIMERIA INFECTIONS & ISOSPORA INFECTIONS ... Infections [C01] * Parasitic Diseases [C01.610] * Protozoan Infections [C01.610.752] * Amebiasis [C01.610.752.049] ...
AmebicBabesiosisCentral Nervous System Protozoal InfectionsCiliophora InfectionsBalantidiasisCoccidiosisCryptosporidiosis ... All MeSH CategoriesDiseases CategoryInfectionsParasitic DiseasesProtozoan InfectionsAmebiasisAcanthamoeba KeratitisBlastocystis ... Protozoan Infections. Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa. ... VivaxProtozoan Infections, AnimalBabesiosisCryptosporidiosisDourineTheileriasisToxoplasmosis, AnimalTrypanosomiasis, Bovine ...
Those aposymbiotic P. bursaria were used for experimental infections to investigate the symbiosis specificity not only between ... Görtz, H. Infections of Paramecium bursaria with bacteria and yeasts. J. Cell. Sci. 1982, 58, 445-453. [Google Scholar] [PubMed ... Ciliophora, Peniculida) from a wastewater treatment plant in Brazil. Rev. Bras. De Zoociências 2016, 17, 7-19. [Google Scholar] ... Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) and current status of distribution and taxonomy of Paramecium spp. Eur. J. Protistol. 2004, 40, ...
By infection with the endonuclear symbiotic bacterium Holospora obtusa, which are driven into the cytoplasm enter the and! ( ... Ciliophora short 20 33 nucleotide introns are the standard length in Paramecium "Order", The paramecium moves by spiraling ... Ciliophora 4 versions », Consensus Paramecium 4 versions », Mutations Freshwater Protozoa: A Color Guide, Fujishima, Science, ... Cytoskeletal Components of Frontonia depressa (Ciliophora Study the drawing below. MICSCAPE - Article on Pond Life: Paramecium ...
Ciliophora - the ciliates, e.g., Balantidium. *Sporozoa - organisms whose adult stage is not motile e.g., Plasmodium, ... Parasitic infections cause a tremendous burden of disease in both the tropics and subtropics as well as in more temperate ... They are able to multiply in humans, which contributes to their survival and also permits serious infections to develop from ... However, parasitic infections also affect persons living in developed countries, including the United States. ...
Ciliophora Ciliophora Infections Cimetidine Cimicidae Cimicifuga Cinacalcet Hydrochloride Cinanserin Cinchona Cinchona ... Astroviridae Infections Asymmetric Cell Division Asymptomatic Diseases Asymptomatic Infections AT Rich Sequence AT-Hook Motifs ... Central Nervous System Infections Central Nervous System Neoplasms Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections Central Nervous ... Bacterial Infections Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Bacterial Load Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins Bacterial Physiological ...
Disorders Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Receptor alpha Subunit Ciliophora Ciliophora Infections ... Posterior Cerebral Artery Infection Infection Control Infection Control Practitioners Infection Control, Dental Infectious ... Bacterial Eye Infections, Fungal Eye Infections, Parasitic Eye Infections, Viral Eye Injuries Eye Injuries, Penetrating Eye ... Flavins Flaviviridae Flaviviridae Infections Flavivirus Flavivirus Infections Flavobacteriaceae Flavobacteriaceae Infections ...
A molecular approach to the tangled intrageneric relationships underlying phylogeny in Euplotes (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea). ... Henneguya (Cnidaria: Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) infections of cultured barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Perciformes: Latidae) in an ...
Neumann L, Bridle A, Leef M, Nowak B, Annual variability of infection with Cardicola forsteri and Cardicola orientalis in ... Power C, Balli-Garza J, Evans D, Nowak BF, Bridle AR, et al., Detection of Miamiensis avidus (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatia) and ... Currently, the infection can be assessed using heart flushes and direct count of blood flukes under a microscope. This is very ... Valdenegro-Vega VA, Polinski M, Bridle A, Crosbie P, Leef M, et al., Effects of single and repeated infections with ...
Amphotropin in the treatment of colibacillary infections]. Subject(s):. Colon bacillus Infection: Treatment. ... Ciliophora Biology. Journal Title Abbreviation:. Rev. st. med.. Place of Publication:. Bucur. ...
Cilia of specific organs, with the organ ...
Diversity of Wolbachia infection and its influence on mitochondrial DNA variation in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella ... Ciliophora). ... Select Diversity of Wolbachia infection and its influence on ...
HIV-1 infections of women are mainly acquired through female reproductive tract where cervical and vaginal epithelial cells are ... Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells ... in the lamina propria to initiate an infection. However, the mechanism and ramification of the interaction of HIV-1 and ... chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.. ...
Amphotropin in the treatment of colibacillary infections]. Subject(s):. Colon bacillus Infection: Treatment. ... Ciliophora Biology. Journal Title Abbreviation:. Rev. st. med.. Place of Publication:. Bucur. ...
infection: coordinate IM with PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS (IM); coordinate with specific protozoan terms (ANTIGENS, PROTOZOAN, etc.) ... Ciliophora [B01.043.185] * Dinoflagellida [B01.043.214] * Amoebozoa [B01.046] * Animals [B01.050] * Choanoflagellata [B01.175] ...
Ciliophora, Colpodea) from In Situ Soil Percolates of Idaho, U.S.A., William A. Bourland, Laura Wendell, Greg Hampikian, and ... Phenotypic and Cytologic Studies of Lymphoid Cells and Monocytes in Primary Culture of Porcine Bone Marrow During Infection of ... Ciliophora, Colpodea): Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary Scenario for the Formation of Oral Ciliature in the ... n. (Ciliophora, Colpodea, Platyophryida), with an Account on Evolution of Platyophryids, William A. Bourland, Greg Hampikian, ...
Trematode infection). Blood fluke. *Schistosoma mansoni / S. japonicum / S. mekongi / S. haematobium / S. intercalatum * ... While poorer countries still struggle with unintentional infection, cases have been reported of intentional infection in the US ... Infection of humans by the broad fish tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum occasionally causes vitamin B12 deficiency and, in severe ... Infection of the digestive system by adult tapeworms causes abdominal symptoms that, whilst unpleasant, are seldom disabling or ...
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections C01.252.400.050 Aliivibrio Infections C01.252.400.054 Anaplasmataceae Infections C01.252. ... Ciliophora B01.043.185.375 Kinetofragminophorea B01.043.185.375.650 Trichostomatida B01.043.185.375.650.650 Trichostomatina ... Bacteroidaceae Infections C01.252.400.110.109 Bacteroides Infections C01.252.400.126 Bartonellaceae Infections C01.252.400.126. ... Bordetella Infections C01.252.400.143.740 Whooping Cough C01.252.400.155 Borrelia Infections C01.252.400.155.569 Lyme Disease ...
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  • Infections with protozoa of the phylum CILIOPHORA . (nih.gov)
  • Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa. (nih.gov)
  • Protozoan infection found in animals and man. (nih.gov)
  • They are able to multiply in humans, which contributes to their survival and also permits serious infections to develop from just a single organism. (cdc.gov)
  • Parasitic infections cause a tremendous burden of disease in both the tropics and subtropics as well as in more temperate climates. (cdc.gov)
  • However, parasitic infections also affect persons living in developed countries, including the United States . (cdc.gov)
  • Balantidiasis (also known as balantidiosis) is defined as large-intestinal infection with Balantidium coli, which is a ciliated protozoan (and the largest protozoan that infects humans). (medscape.com)