AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
CichlidsPerchesAfrica, EasternLakesFish ProteinsFresh WaterNicaraguaGenetic SpeciationTerritorialityJawTilapiaOpsinsPigmentationMating Preference, AnimalPhylogenyEvolution, PlanetaryMicrospectrophotometrySocial DominanceBiological EvolutionEvolution, MolecularMalawiAfricaSpecies SpecificityColorCone OpsinsCoral ReefsPrune Belly SyndromeAnthozoaSick LeaveFishes
Cichlids
Common name for perch-like fish of the family Cichlidae, belonging to the suborder Labroidei, order PERCIFORMES.
Perches
A common name for fish of the family Percidae, belonging to the suborder Percoidei, order PERCIFORMES.
Africa, Eastern
The geographical area of Africa comprising BURUNDI; DJIBOUTI; ETHIOPIA; KENYA; RWANDA; SOMALIA; SUDAN; TANZANIA; and UGANDA.
Lakes
Inland bodies of still or slowly moving FRESH WATER or salt water, larger than a pond, and supplied by RIVERS and streams.
Fish Proteins
Proteins obtained from species of fish (FISHES).
Fresh Water
Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES.
Nicaragua
Genetic Speciation
The splitting of an ancestral species into daughter species that coexist in time (King, Dictionary of Genetics, 6th ed). Causal factors may include geographic isolation, HABITAT geometry, migration, REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION, random GENETIC DRIFT and MUTATION.
Territoriality
Behavior in defense of an area against another individual or individuals primarily of the same species.
Jaw
Bony structure of the mouth that holds the teeth. It consists of the MANDIBLE and the MAXILLA.
Tilapia
A freshwater fish used as an experimental organism and for food. This genus of the family Cichlidae (CICHLIDS) inhabits Central and South America (one species extends north into Texas), West Indies, Africa, Madagascar, Syria, and coastal India.
Opsins
Photosensitive proteins in the membranes of PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS such as the rods and the cones. Opsins have varied light absorption properties and are members of the G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS family. Their ligands are VITAMIN A-based chromophores.
Pigmentation
Coloration or discoloration of a part by a pigment.
Mating Preference, Animal
The selection or choice of sexual partner in animals. Often this reproductive preference is based on traits in the potential mate, such as coloration, size, or behavioral boldness. If the chosen ones are genetically different from the rejected ones, then NATURAL SELECTION is occurring.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Evolution, Planetary
Creation and development of bodies within solar systems, includes study of early planetary geology.
Microspectrophotometry
Analytical technique for studying substances present at enzyme concentrations in single cells, in situ, by measuring light absorption. Light from a tungsten strip lamp or xenon arc dispersed by a grating monochromator illuminates the optical system of a microscope. The absorbance of light is measured (in nanometers) by comparing the difference between the image of the sample and a reference image.
Social Dominance
Social structure of a group as it relates to the relative social rank of dominance status of its members. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed.)
Biological Evolution
The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.
Evolution, Molecular
The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.
Malawi
A republic in southern Africa east of ZAMBIA and MOZAMBIQUE. Its capital is Lilongwe. It was formerly called Nyasaland.
Africa
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Color
The visually perceived property of objects created by absorption or reflection of specific wavelengths of light.
Cone Opsins
Photosensitive proteins expressed in the CONE PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are the protein components of cone photopigments. Cone opsins are classified by their peak absorption wavelengths.
Coral Reefs
Marine ridges composed of living CORALS, coral skeletons, calcareous algae, and other organisms, mixed with minerals and organic matter. They are found most commonly in tropical waters and support other animal and plant life.
Prune Belly Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by abdominal wall musculature deficiency, cryptorchism, and urinary tract abnormalities. The syndrome derives its name from its characteristic distended abdomen with wrinkled skin.
Anthozoa
A class in the phylum CNIDARIA, comprised mostly of corals and anemones. All members occur only as polyps; the medusa stage is completely absent.
Sick Leave
An absence from work permitted because of illness or the number of days per year for which an employer agrees to pay employees who are sick. (Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981)
Fishes
A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.

Evaluating the use of ram and suction during prey capture by cichlid fishes. (1/403)

We characterized prey-capture strategies in seven species of cichlid fishes representing diverse trophic habits and anticipated feeding abilities. The species examined were Petenia splendida, Cichla ocellaris, Cichlasoma minckleyi, Astronotus ocellatus, Crenicichla geayi, Heros severus (formerly Cichlasoma severum) and Cyprichromis leptosoma. Three individuals per species were filmed with video at 500 Hz as they captured live adult Artemia sp. and Poecilia reticulata. For each feeding sequence, we measured the contribution of predator movement towards the prey (i.e. ram) and the movement of prey towards the predator due to suction. The use of ram differed significantly among prey types and predator species, varying as much as sixfold across predator species. High values of ram resulted in high attack velocities. Jaw protrusion contributed as much as 50% to overall ram values in some species, verifying its role in enhancing attack velocity. Suction distance did not vary significantly among species. Diversity in prey-capture behavior was therefore found to reflect differences among species in the strategy used to approach prey. Limited variation in the distance from which prey were sucked into the mouth is interpreted as the result of an expected exponential decline in water velocity with distance from the mouth of the suction-feeding predator. We propose that this relationship represents a major constraint on the distance over which suction feeding is effective for all aquatic-feeding predators.  (+info)

Spironucleus vortens, a possible cause of hole-in-the-head disease in cichlids. (2/403)

Hole-in-the-head disease is recorded in 11 discus Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840 and 1 angelfish Pterophyllum scalare Lichtenstein, 1823 obtained from local aquarists within the Southwest of the UK. Spironucleus vortens Poynton et al. 1995, was isolated from the kidney, liver, spleen and head lesions of discus showing severe signs of the disease and from the intestines of all fish. The hexamitid was also recorded from the head lesions of the angelfish. The identity of these flagellates was confirmed as S. vortens on the basis of topographical features seen with the aid of SEM. A modified in vitro culture method was successfully developed for the detection, isolation and long-term maintenance of S. vortens. The flagellate was sub-cultured at 3 to 5 d intervals, new media being supplemented with fresh liver from Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1757) free from infection. The results are discussed in relation to S. vortens as the causative agent for hole-in-the-head disease following systemic infection via the digestive tract.  (+info)

Phylogenetic relationships and ancient incomplete lineage sorting among cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika as revealed by analysis of the insertion of retroposons. (3/403)

Lake Tanganyika harbors numerous endemic species of extremely diverse cichlid fish that have been classified into 12 major taxonomic groups known as tribes. Analysis of short interspersed element (SINE) insertion data has been acknowledged to be a powerful tool for the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships, and we applied this method in an attempt to clarify such relationships among these cichlids. We studied insertion patterns of 38 SINEs in total, 24 of which supported the monophyly of three clades. The other 14 loci revealed extensive incongruence in terms of the patterns of SINE insertions. These incongruencies most likely stem from a period of adaptive radiation. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is the extensive incomplete lineage sorting of alleles for the presence or absence of a SINE during successive speciation events which took place about 5-10 MYA. The present study is the first to report the successful application of the SINE method in demonstrating the existence of such possible "ancient" incomplete lineage sorting. We discuss the possibility that it might potentially be very difficult to resolve the species phylogeny of a group that radiated explosively, even by resolving the genealogies of more than 10 nuclear loci, as a consequence of incomplete lineage sorting during speciation.  (+info)

History and timing of human impact on Lake Victoria, East Africa. (4/403)

Lake Victoria, the largest tropical lake in the world, suffers from severe eutrophication and the probable extinction of up to half of its 500+ species of endemic cichlid fishes. The continuing degradation of Lake Victoria's ecological functions has serious long-term consequences for the ecosystem services it provides, and may threaten social welfare in the countries bordering its shores. Evaluation of recent ecological changes in the context of aquatic food-web alterations, catchment disturbance and natural ecosystem variability has been hampered by the scarcity of historical monitoring data. Here, we present high-resolution palaeolimnological data, which show that increases in phytoplankton production developed from the 1930s onwards, which parallels human-population growth and agricultural activity in the Lake Victoria drainage basin. Dominance of bloom-forming cyanobacteria since the late 1980s coincided with a relative decline in diatom growth, which can be attributed to the seasonal depletion of dissolved silica resulting from 50 years of enhanced diatom growth and burial. Eutrophication-induced loss of deep-water oxygen started in the early 1960s, and may have contributed to the 1980s collapse of indigenous fish stocks by eliminating suitable habitat for certain deep-water cichlids. Conservation of Lake Victoria as a functioning ecosystem is contingent upon large-scale implementation of improved land-use practices.  (+info)

Iridovirus infections in farm-reared tropical ornamental fish. (5/403)

A systemic viral infection in both gourami Trichogaster spp. and swordtail Xiphophorus hellerii and an outbreak of lymphocystis in scalare Pterophyllum scalarae and gourami are reported to have occurred in fish reared in ornamental fish farms in Israel. The systemic infection developed in endothelial cells that became hypertrophic and their contents were modified. The presence of such cells in light-microscopically examined stained smears and sections provides an initial indication for this systemic viral infection. Infection in gourami caused hemorrhagic dropsy. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images of iridovirus-like particles recovered from gouramies showed them to be 138 to 201 nm from vertex to vertex (v-v); those from swordtails were 170 to 188 nm v-v. TEM images of lymphocystis virions from scalare were 312 to 342 nm v-v and from gourami 292 to 341 nm v-v. Lymphocystis cells from the gourami were joined by a solid hyaline plate, which was lacking in the infection in scalare where the intercellular spaces between the lymphocystis cells consisted of loose connective tissue.  (+info)

Patterns in fish radiation are compatible with Pleistocene desiccation of Lake Victoria and 14,600 year history for its cichlid species flock. (6/403)

Geophysical data are currently being interpreted as evidence for a late Pleistocene desiccation of Lake Victoria and its refilling 14,600 years ago. This implies that between 500 and 1000 endemic cichlid fish species must have evolved in 14,600 years, the fastest large-scale species radiation known. A recent review concludes that biological evidence clearly rejects the postulated Pleistocene desiccation of the lake: a 14,600 year history would imply exceptionally high speciation rates across a range of unrelated fish taxa. To test this suggestion, I calculated speciation rates for all 41 phylogenetic lineages of fish in the lake. Except for one cichlid lineage, accepting a 14 600 year history does not require any speciation rates that fall outside the range observed in fishes in other young lakes around the world. The exceptional taxon is a lineage of haplochromine cichlids that is also known for its rapid speciation elsewhere. Moreover, since it is unknown how many founding species it has, it is not certain that its speciation rates are really outside the range observed in fishes in other young lakes. Fish speciation rates are generally faster in younger than in older lakes, and those in Lake Victoria, by far the largest of the young lakes of the world, are no exception. From the speciation rates and from biogeographical observations that Lake Victoria endemics, which lack close relatives within the lake basin, have such relatives in adjacent drainage systems that may have had Holocene connections to Lake Victoria, I conclude that the composition of the fish assemblage does not provide biological evidence against Pleistocene desiccation. It supports a hypothesis of recent colonization from outside the lake basin rather than survival of a diverse assemblage within the basin.  (+info)

What, if anything, is a Tilapia?-mitochondrial ND2 phylogeny of tilapiines and the evolution of parental care systems in the African cichlid fishes. (7/403)

We estimated a novel phylogeny of tilapiine cichlid fish (an assemblage endemic to Africa and the Near East) within the African cichlid fishes on the basis of complete mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene sequences. The ND2 (1,047 bp) gene was sequenced in 39 tilapiine cichlids (38 species and 1 subspecies) and in an additional 14 nontilapiine cichlid species in order to evaluate the traditional morphologically based hypothesis of the respective monophyly of the tilapiine and haplochromine cichlid fish assemblages. The analyses included many additional cichlid lineages, not only the so-called tilapiines, but also lineages from Lake Tanganyika, east Africa, the Neotropics and an out-group from Madagascar with a wide range of parental care and mating systems. Our results suggest, in contrast to the historical morphology-based hypotheses from Regan (1920, 1922 ), Trewavas (1983), and Stiassny (1991), that the tilapiines do not form a monophyletic group because there is strong evidence that the genus Tilapia is not monophyletic but divided into at least five distinct groups. In contrast to this finding, an allozyme analysis of Pouyaud and Agnese (1995), largely based on the same samples as used here, found a clustering of the Tilapia species into only two groups. This discrepancy is likely caused by the difference in resolution power of the two marker systems used. Our data suggest that only type species Tilapia sparrmanii Smith (1840) should retain the genus name TILAPIA: One particular group of tilapiines (composed of genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis, Iranocichla, and Tristramella) is more closely related to an evolutionarily highly successful lineage, the haplochromine cichlids that compose the adaptive radiations of cichlid species flocks of east Africa. It appears that the highly adaptable biology of tilapiines is the ancestral state for all African cichlids and that the more stenotypic lifestyle of the haplochromine cichlids is derived from this condition. We reconstructed the evolution of the highly variable parental care systems on the basis of the most inclusive composite phylogeny to date of the African, Neotropical, and Madagascan cichlids with special emphasis on a group of tilapiines comprising the substrate-spawning genus Tilapia, and the mouthbrooding genera Sarotherodon and OREOCHROMIS: We demonstrate several independent origins of derived mouthbrooding behaviors in the family Cichlidae.  (+info)

Mosaic structure and retropositional dynamics during evolution of subfamilies of short interspersed elements in African cichlids. (8/403)

The African cichlid (AFC) family of short interspersed elements (SINEs) is found in the genomes of cichlid fish. The alignment of the sequences of 70 members of this family, isolated from such fish in Africa, revealed the presence of correlated changes in specific nucleotides (diagnostic nucleotides) that allowed us to categorize the various members into six subfamilies, which were designated Af1 through Af6. Dividing the SINE consensus sequence into a 5'-head and 3'-tail region, these subfamilies were defined by various combinations of four types of head region (A-D) and three types of tail region [X, Y, and (YX)], with each region of each type including unique diagnostic nucleotides. The observed structures of the subfamilies Af1 through Af6 were AX, AY, CY, A(YX), BY, and DX, respectively. The formation of such structures might have involved the shuffling of head or tail regions among preexisting and existing (or both) subfamilies of the AFC family (and, probably, even another SINE family or a pseudogene for a tRNA in the case of the Af6 subfamily) by recombination at the so-called core region during the course of evolution. By plotting the timing of the retroposition of individual members of each subfamily on a phylogenetic tree of AFCs, we found that the Af3 and Af6 subfamilies became active only recently in the evolutionary history of these fish. The integrity of the 3'-tails of SINEs, which are, apparently, recognized by reverse transcriptase, has been reported to be indispensable for retention of retropositional activity. Therefore, we postulate that recombination might have been involved in the apparent recent activation of the retroposition of the Af3 and Af6 subfamilies via introduction of active tails (types Y and X, respectively) into potential ancestral sequences that might have had inactive tails. If this hypothesis is correct, shuffling of tail regions among subfamilies by recombination at the core region might have played a role in the recycling of dead copies of AFC SINEs.  (+info)

STORRE: Photic Entrainment and onset of puberty in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus
Despite teleosts being the largest and most diverse group of vertebrates, fish models currently used to study photoperiodic effects on fish physiology have been limited to a few species, most of which are temperate seasonal breeders. The overall aim of this work was to expand our knowledge on circadian biology and environmental physiological effects in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus), a continuous breeding species of tropical-subtropical origin. The circadian light axis of Nile tilapia is described with regards to melatonin production. Circadian melatonin profiles of fish under 12L:12D photoperiods were observed to be low at day and high at night, suggesting melatonin to be an entraining signal as observed in all other vertebrates. When constant light (LL) was used, such day and night fluctuations where abolished. However when fish where exposed to constant darkness (DD) a strong robust endogenous melatonin rhythm was found, suggesting the presence of circadian oscillators in this ...
https://dspace.stir.ac.uk/handle/1893/354
Secretory proteins in the skin mucus of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) are modulated temporally by photoperiod and...Secretory proteins in the skin mucus of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) are modulated temporally by photoperiod and...
Secretory proteins in the skin mucus of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) are modulated temporally by photoperiod and bacterial endotoxin ...
https://nofima.no/publication/1757178/
Changes in the quality of fishburger produced from Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) during frozen storage (-18 degrees C)<...Changes in the quality of fishburger produced from Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) during frozen storage (-18 degrees C)<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Changes in the quality of fishburger produced from Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) during frozen storage (-18 degrees C). AU - Tokur, B.. AU - Polat, A.. AU - Beklevik, G.. AU - Ozkutuk, S.. PY - 2004. Y1 - 2004. N2 - In this study, the chemical and sensory qualities of fishburger produced from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were investigated during frozen storage (-18 degreesC) over 8 months. The ratios of crude protein, lipid, moisture, crude ash, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in tilapiaburger were found to be 17.82%, 5.29%, 66.68%, 2.56% and 7.95% respectively. At the end of the study, the total volatile basic nitrogen value was found to have fluctuated throughout the storage periods. The highest thiobarbituric acid value was found at the 7th month as 0.142 mg malonaldehyde/kg. The peroxide value was 0.18 meq/kg at the beginning of the storage but increased to 5.03 meq/kg at 6th month of storage and then decreased to 0.82 meq/kg at the 8th month. The level of free fatty ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/changes-in-the-quality-of-fishburger-produced-from-tilapia-oreoch
A compendium of developmental gene expression in Lake Malawi cichlid fishes<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A compendium of developmental gene expression in Lake Malawi cichlid fishes. AU - Bloomquist, R. F.. AU - Fowler, T. E.. AU - Sylvester, J. B.. AU - Miro, R. J.. AU - Streelman, J. T.. PY - 2017/2/3. Y1 - 2017/2/3. N2 - Background: Lake Malawi cichlids represent one of a growing number of vertebrate models used to uncover the genetic and developmental basis of trait diversity. Rapid evolutionary radiation has resulted in species that share similar genomes but differ markedly in phenotypes including brains and behavior, nuptial coloration and the craniofacial skeleton. Research has begun to identify the genes, as well as the molecular and developmental pathways that underlie trait divergence. Results: We assemble a compendium of gene expression for Lake Malawi cichlids, across pharyngula (the phylotypic stage) and larval stages of development, encompassing hundreds of gene transcripts. We chart patterns of expression in Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), Fibroblast growth factor ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/a-compendium-of-developmental-gene-expression-in-lake-malawi-cich
STORRE: Effect of dietary lipid sources on the reproductive performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
Abstract Traditionally, fish oil (FO) has been used extensively in aquafeeds. The stagnation in global fish oil production coupled with an increased demand for its use in aquaculture feeds, especially salmonid feeds, has greatly inflated fish oil prices. Therefore, in order to sustain the rapid growth of the tilapia industry, the dependence on these commodities in feeds should be reduced through use of cheaper and more sustainable sources of dietary lipids, such as palm oil. This study therefore investigated several, previously poorly understood, effects of palm oil on reproductive performance of the commercial tilapia species, Oreochromis niloticus; which currently ranks as second most popular species in world aquaculture. In the present study broodstock were fed on experimental diets at full and half ration regimes throughout their entire life cycle from exogenous feeding. Studies were conducted in standardised and controlled hatchery conditions, thereby reducing the potential influence of ...
https://dspace.stir.ac.uk/handle/1893/2023
Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as an Aquatic Vector for Pseudomonas Species: Quorum Sensing Association with Antibiotic...Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as an Aquatic Vector for Pseudomonas Species: Quorum Sensing Association with Antibiotic...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) produces a suite of virulence factors that are coordinated by Quorum Sensing (QS) contributing to its disease-causing ability in aquaculture. The present study is first of its kind to obtain information regarding the presence and distribution of five QS genes, three virulence genes viz: lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, rhlAB, toxA, aprA and plcH and seven of the Extended-spectrum βlactamases (blaVEB, blaPER, blaTEM,, blaSHV, blaCTX-M1, blaCTX-M2 and blaCTX-M3) of Pseudomonas species isolated from fish meat by direct PCR. Bacterial identification was based mainly on conventional biochemical techniques using the Vitek 2, automated system. Phenotypic sensitivity of antibiotics was established by the agar disc diffusion technique through 16 various antimicrobial drugs. Quantification of their in vitro production of numerous virulence genes outside the cell that are QS dependent namely, pyocyanin, elastase, alkaline protease, biofilm and cytotoxicity of Vero cell was as
https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/201911.0282/v1
Variations on a theme: Genomics of sex determination in the cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni | BMC Genomics | Full TextVariations on a theme: Genomics of sex determination in the cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni | BMC Genomics | Full Text
Sex chromosomes change more frequently in fish than in mammals or birds. However, certain chromosomes or genes are repeatedly used as sex determinants in different members of the teleostean lineage. East African cichlids are an enigmatic model system in evolutionary biology representing some of the most diverse extant vertebrate adaptive radiations. How sex is determined and if different sex-determining mechanisms contribute to speciation is unknown for almost all of the over 1,500 cichlid species of the Great Lakes. Here, we investigated the genetic basis of sex determination in a cichlid from Lake Tanganyika, Astatotilapia burtoni, a member of the most species-rich cichlid lineage, the haplochromines. We used RAD-sequencing of crosses for two populations of A. burtoni, a lab strain and fish caught at the south of Lake Tanganyika. Using association mapping and comparative genomics, we confirmed male heterogamety in A. burtoni and identified different sex chromosomes (LG5 and LG18) in the two
https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-016-3178-0
Evolutionary associations between host traits and parasite load : Insights from Lake Tanganyika cichlidsEvolutionary associations between host traits and parasite load : Insights from Lake Tanganyika cichlids
article{9cc27631-773b-4625-add5-aeb353c7d0cb, abstract = {,p,Parasite diversity and abundance (parasite load) vary greatly among host species. However, the influence of host traits on variation in parasitism remains poorly understood. Comparative studies of parasite load have largely examined measures of parasite species richness and are predominantly based on records obtained from published data. Consequently, little is known about the relationships between host traits and other aspects of parasite load, such as parasite abundance, prevalence and aggregation. Meanwhile, understanding of parasite species richness may be clouded by limitations associated with data collation from multiple independent sources. We conducted a field study of Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes and their helminth parasites. Using a Bayesian phylogenetic comparative framework, we tested evolutionary associations between five key host traits (body size, gut length, diet breadth, habitat complexity and number of sympatric ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/9cc27631-773b-4625-add5-aeb353c7d0cb
Cichlids: The Basics of Life and Development
Cichlids are a diverse group of fish from the family Cichlidae. There are an estimated 1300 to 3000 species of cichlids. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes, ranging from 2.5 cm to 1 meter in length and can live for 4-10 years. Cichlids originated in Africa but can be found in South America as well; most notably, they are found in Lake Malawi, Lake Tanganyika and Lake Victoria. In Lake Malawi alone, there are an estimated 1,000 different types of cichlid species (Evolutionary Biology). They prefer fresh to brackish water and usually live near the waters surface. Many cichlids are herbivores that feed on algae, but some are predatory and consume other small fish or insect larvaes.. Why study Cichlids? Cichlids are great model organisms to study because they represent rapid and convergent evolutionary radiation in vertebrates. Also, there is a large variety of cichlids which makes it easier for scientists to study multiple phenotypic traits.. Cichlid Reproduction. Cichlids demonstrate four ...
http://www.devbio.biology.gatech.edu/vertebrate-development/cichlids-the-basics-of-life-and-development/
Comparative Transcriptomics of Eastern African Cichlid Fishes Shows Signs of Positive Selection and a Large Contribution of...
The hundreds of endemic species of cichlid fishes in the East African Great Lakes Tanganyika, Malawi, and Victoria are a prime model system in evolutionary biology. With five genomes currently being sequenced, eastern African cichlids also represent a forthcoming genomic model for evolutionary studies of genotype-to-phenotype processes in adaptive radiations. Here we report the functional annotation and comparative analyses of transcriptome data sets for two eastern African cichlid species, Astatotilapia burtoni and Ophthalmotilapia ventralis, representatives of the modern haplochromines and ectodines, respectively. Nearly 647,000 expressed sequence tags were assembled in more than 46,000 contigs for each species using the 454 sequencing technology, largely expanding the current sequence data set publicly available for these cichlids. Total predicted coverage of their proteome diversity is approximately 50% for both species. Comparative qualitative and quantitative analyses show very similar ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/gbe/evr047
female salvini cichlid for salefemale salvini cichlid for sale
Salvini Cichlids are predator fish, it takes thorough understanding of their behavior & requirements. Articles for sale Beautifully formatted and wonderfully illustrated PDF articles about all matters relative to cichlids.. Books for sale Cichlid books and DVDs for sale at the Cichlid Room Companion.. E-books for sale PDF copies of popular cichlid books offered for sale at the best price.. Trade section The master list of cichlid offers ordered by area and species name. Find Female Cichlids for Sale in Bournemouth on Oodle Classifieds. Shipping Bright Salvini Cichlid, cichlasoma salvini, salvins cichlid. South/Central American Cichlids shipped directly to your door at the lowest prices & highest quality online. Visit us online today at The iFISH Store! The fish arent receptive to community tanks but can be housed with other fish of the same breed in a large tank. Temperature: 70-82°. Cichlids come in many colors, such as red, green, orange, blue, yellow, and a mixture of colors. The Firemouth ...
https://lenithemonster.com/king-of-vlxgmh/67dcc6-female-salvini-cichlid-for-sale
Maruska Lab - Research
Our research program uses fishes, and specifically the African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni (see Model System page), as models to study how the brain processes information, how sensory systems contribute to behavior, and how natural plasticity in an animals internal hormonal or nutritional state can influence neural function and behavioral outcomes. Fishes are the largest and most diverse group of vertebrates, which provides us with ideal organisms to study basic neuron and sensory function, and how it relates to proximate and ultimate behavioral mechanisms in comparative and evolutionary contexts. ...
http://www.kmaruska.biology.lsu.edu/research1.html
Convict cichlid synonyms, Convict cichlid antonyms - FreeThesaurus.comConvict cichlid synonyms, Convict cichlid antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com
Synonyms for Convict cichlid in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for Convict cichlid. 3 synonyms for convict fish: convictfish, Oxylebius pictus, painted greenling. What are synonyms for Convict cichlid?
http://www.freethesaurus.com/Convict+cichlid
B Chromosome and Sex Determination in the Cichlid FishB Chromosome and Sex Determination in the Cichlid Fish
B chromosomes have a functional effect on sex determination in a species of cichlid fishes from Lake Victoria [...] The researchers found sex-ratio distortions caused by B chromosomes in the breeding line of the cichlids, as well as several protein-coding genes in the B chromosomes. The resultant ratio was female biased, suggesting a role for B chromosomes in female sex determination. [...] In the present study, the researchers performed an extensive analysis of B chromosomes in cichlid fishes from Lake Victoria to investigate their effect on cichlid evolution. Karyotype analysis of Lake Victoria cichlids suggested that, in one species, Lithochromis rubripinnis, there are female-specific B chromosomes. Crossbreeding experiments suggested that an effector of female sex determination in this species was the B chromosome. Furthermore, analyses of large-scale sequences of B chromosomes in Lake Victoria cichlids revealed multiple protein-coding genes in B chromosomes. The sex determination gene was ...
http://changelog.ca/quote/2011/08/22/b_chromosome_and_sex_determination_in_the_cichlid_fish
African Cichlids - Buy Malawi & Tanganyika Cichlids | thatpetplace.comAfrican Cichlids - Buy Malawi & Tanganyika Cichlids | thatpetplace.com
African Cichlids - Mbuna, Haps and Peacock Cichlids from African rift lakes, Lake Malawi, Victoria and Tanganyika. Hardy fish for specialty aquariums.
http://www.thatpetplace.com/aquarium-livestock/african-cichlids?range=61%2C72%2C118
FAQs on Neotropical Cichlid Compatibility
Cheers, Neale.,. Tank Mates?? Oscar comp./sys., Neotrop. cichlids period 08/28/08 Hello there, I have emailed you guys before about some of my tanks and ideas about new tanks and have received great advice! Now i have a question about my tiger Oscar cichlid who is about 8 inches long and pretty docile. I am soon moving him to a larger tank hopefully 75 gallons but maybe 55. And i was wondering about some tank mates for him. ,Not in the 55... too small, I am very interested in more South American cichlids. I have a particular interest in maybe getting a jack Dempsey? But i do know Jacks are pretty aggressive and territorial thats why i am consulting you guys. Another cichlid i was considering was a green terror but im not sure if the adult size of one could or would grow up to being as big as my Oscar because i have read that they only grow to be 8 inches in length. Lastly i was considering a blue Acara or a jaguar cichlid but my problem with these two are i have no idea how big they get. Could ...
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/FWSubWebIndex/neotropcichcompfaqs.htm
red zebra cichlid tankmates
Fish guide for Pseudotropheus Ice Blue, Maylandia (Metriaclima) greshakei, Ice Blue Zebra Cichlid profile with fish pictures, description and information, Pseudotropheus Ice Blue care, diet, habitat and fish diseases, tank mates, compatibility, breeding and keeping the Williams Mbuna aquarium, Red Top Ice Blue Zebra Cichlid It is also known as the Red Mbuna, the Cherry Zebra, the Pearl Zebra, the Cobalt Blue Zebra, the Red or Orange Blotch Zebra (OB). 1 of 2 Go to page. I am planning on adding Aulonocara sp. It has a single dorsal fin which is blue in color, and the anal fin is blue-gray with orange/yellow spots. MFK Member. Thanks! Metriaclima estherae is a Mbuna Cichlid, and is also called the Zebra Cichlid, Tilapia Zebra, and the False Zebra Mbuna. If you want to care for a Red Devil Cichlid, be prepared to have a one-fish tank. One of the most intriguing things about the African Red-Eyed Tetra is that they are not picky when taking their meals. Zebra Mbuna aka Zebra Cichlids The Zebra Mbuna ...
http://consumerinfo.org.ua/v2juzsnt/red-zebra-cichlid-tankmates-a078fd
FAQs on Cichlid Disease 4
Jewel Cichlid Acting Strange 1/2/07 Hi- I have a 55 gallon tank with 1 Kenyi cichlid, 1 Bumblebee cichlid, 1 hybrid cichlid, 1 orange cichlid (?), 1 red tip shark, 1 Pleco and a jewel cichlid. The jewel cichlid (which is a pearl color with blue dots) has been acting strange lately. She does not swim around only stays at the top of the tank. Her fins are all down and she curves her tailfin. She eats a little but not like she use to. She does not swim around although she has always kept to herself but now she is not acting normal. I have isolated her in a tank but I am at a loss as to what to do for her. Any advice would be appreciated. Thanks! Leslie , Clamped fins are a sign of a disease. Treat with Rid-Ich and salt for now. Crank the temp up to 82 F. If not better in three days then do a 50% water change and treat with Nitrofuranace and salt.-Chuck, Bumps on FW Fish - 1/22/07 A quick note for todays post Bumps on FW Fish in which Chuck suggested treating the fish with Nitrofurazone. The ...
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/FWSubWebIndex/cichliddisfaq4.htm
Angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare, Freshwater Angelfish Cichlid Fish Guide
Fish guide for Angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare, Freshwater Angelfish facts with fish pictures, description and information, types of freshwater angelfish, Silver Angelfish care, aquarium habitat and fish diseases, Angelfish tank mates, compatibility and breeding
https://exotictropicals.com/encyclo/fresh/cichlid/angelfish.php
Sardine Cichlid, Cyprichromis leptosoma Slender Cichlid Fish GuideSardine Cichlid, Cyprichromis leptosoma Slender Cichlid Fish Guide
Fish guide for Sardine Cichlid, Cyprichromis leptosoma profile with fish pictures, description and information, Slender Cichlid care, diet, habitat and fish diseases, tank mates, Slender Cichlid breeding, compatibility and keeping the Xenotilapia sp. Blue Flash cichlid aquarium, Slender Cyp, Neonback, Lepto Cichlid
http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/cichlid/SardineCichlid.php
Rapid Morphological Divergence in Three Introduced Cichlid Species by Khalil RussellRapid Morphological Divergence in Three Introduced Cichlid Species by Khalil Russell
Cichlids are well-known for their capacity to exploit trophic niches in their environments through rapid speciation and morphological diversification; the best-documented case of such diversification in cichlids occurred in the African Rift Valley. With numerous species established in Florida, the purpose of this study was to explore how members of the family Cichlidae have managed to invade so successfully by focusing on morphological differences between native and non-native (Floridian) populations of three cichlid species: Pelmatolapia mariae, Mayaheros urophthalmus, and Parachromis managuensis. Using both linear measurements and 2D landmark geometric morphometry, I found that all three species have diverged in multiple characteristics. Additionally, P. mariae and P. managuensis have developed morphology beyond the range exhibited by endemic populations. The findings reported herein demonstrate that rapid morphological change has taken place among introduced populations of three cichlid species. The
https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/1666/
Phylogeny of the Neotropical cichlid fish tribe Cichlasomatini (Teleo…
Detail záznamu - Phylogeny of the Neotropical cichlid fish tribe Cichlasomatini (Teleostei: Cichlidae) based on morphological and molecular data, with the description of a new genus - Detail záznamu - Knihovna Akademie věd České republiky
https://asep.lib.cas.cz/arl-cav/m-sk/detail-cav_un_epca-0340636-Phylogeny-of-the-Neotropical-cichlid-fish-tribe-Cichlasomatini-Teleostei-Cichlidae-based-on-morph/
Sexfasciatus, Six-Bar Lamprologus, Gold Neolamprologus sexfasciatus Cichlid GuideSexfasciatus, Six-Bar Lamprologus, Gold Neolamprologus sexfasciatus Cichlid Guide
Fish guide for Sexfasciatus, Neolamprologus sexfasciatus profile with fish pictures, description and information, Gold Sexfasciatus Cichlid care, diet, habitat and fish diseases, Sexfasciatus cichlid breeding, tank mates, compatibility and keeping the Sexfasciatus aquarium, Six-bar Lamprologus, Six Bar Cichlid
http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/cichlid/Sexfasciatus.php
Author: dallago / Subject: 3 selected / Text Availability: Citation in PubAg - PubAg Search ResultsAuthor: dallago / Subject: 3 selected / Text Availability: Citation in PubAg - PubAg Search Results
Sulfamethazine (SMZ) is one of the most commonly used sulfonamide compounds in fish farming, and its physiological effects on fish are unknown. SMZ was administered to juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at a dose level of 422 mg kg⁻¹ body weight, for a period of 11 days, via medicated feed. Fish were divided into two groups, the control group (CG) and the group fed with SMZ in feed. The ...
https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=biomarkers&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=catalase&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=glutathione+transferase&f%5Btext_availability%5D%5B%5D=Citation+in+PubAg&per_page=50&q=dallago&search_field=author&sort=date-asc
Pathogenic Bacteria in Oreochromis Niloticus Var. Stirling Tilapia Culture | OMICS InternationalPathogenic Bacteria in Oreochromis Niloticus Var. Stirling Tilapia Culture | OMICS International
Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is an aquaculture resource that represents one of the most popular crops in the world. However, species cultivation presents health proble..
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/pathogenic-bacteria-in-oreochromis-niloticus-var-stirling-tilapia-culture-2150-3508-1000197.php?aid=88113
White-Tailed Brichardi, Neolamprologus gracilis, Graceful Lamprologus Cichlid Guide
Fish guide for White-Tailed Brichardi, Neolamprologus gracilis profile with fish pictures, description and information, Gracilis Cichlid care, diet, habitat and fish diseases, Neolamprologus gracilis breeding, tank mates, compatibility and keeping the Graceful Lamprologus aquarium, Blue-tail Brichardi
https://exotictropicals.com/encyclo/fresh/cichlid/WhiteTailedBrichardi.php
Oreochromis niloticus DMO protein Summary Report | CureHunterOreochromis niloticus DMO protein Summary Report | CureHunter
Oreochromis niloticus DMO protein: DMO - DM-domain gene in ovary; isolated from the fish Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus; amino acid sequence in first source; GenBank AF203490
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC410952-Oreochromis-niloticus-DMO-protein.do
A Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Six Phenotypes in Oreochromis niloticus in Different Olds | AVESİSA Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Six Phenotypes in Oreochromis niloticus in Different Olds | AVESİS
Heritability estimates were determined for six phenotypes in Oreochromis niloticus for 180, 210 and 300 days old: body weight (BW), total length (TL), standard length (SL), body height (BH), caudal tail height (CTH) and head length (HL). Heritability estimates were calculated by half-sib analysis from an experiment that contained 3 paternal half-sib families and 11 full-sib families. Heritabilities ranged from 0.00-0.88. These results suggest that because heritabilities of BW, TL, SL, BH, CTH and HL for sires in Oreochromis niloticus for 180 and 210 days old are low, family selection or progeny testing can proposed for selection. But, therefore heritabilities of all traits both male and female for 300 days old are high, selection will propose for are mass selection.. ...
https://avesis.cu.edu.tr/yayin/b44229e2-e9d7-4213-bcc6-ec181d24bff7/a-quantitative-genetic-analysis-of-six-phenotypes-in-oreochromis-niloticus-in-different-olds
Ram cichlid - WikipediaRam cichlid - Wikipedia
The ram cichlid, Mikrogeophagus ramirezi, is a species of freshwater fish endemic to the Orinoco River basin, in the savannahs of Venezuela and Colombia in South America. The species has been examined in studies on fish behaviour and is a popular aquarium fish, traded under a variety of common names, including ram, blue ram, German blue ram, Asian ram, butterfly cichlid, Ramirezs dwarf cichlid, dwarf butterfly cichlid and Ramirezi. The species is a member of the family Cichlidae and subfamily Geophaginae. Wild ram cichlids are often more colorful than the tank-bred fish, which suffer from poor breeding and also being injected with hormones for more color, although this makes as many as one in four males infertile.[citation needed] Male specimens of the ram usually have the first few rays of the dorsal fin extended, but breeding has made some females also show this. When close to spawning, female rams have a pink or red blush on the abdomen. Females also have a blue sheen over the spot just ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_cichlid
Buy Freshwater African Cichlids at Live Fish Direct: Freshwater Aquarium Fish BreederBuy Freshwater African Cichlids at Live Fish Direct: Freshwater Aquarium Fish Breeder
Utahs premier Freshwater African Cichlid breeder with several species of African cichlids for sale. Call 801-572-2009 to buy your Malawi Cichlids at Live Fish Direct
http://www.livefishdirect.com/?fid=859
Buy Freshwater African Cichlids at Live Fish Direct: Freshwater Aquarium Fish BreederBuy Freshwater African Cichlids at Live Fish Direct: Freshwater Aquarium Fish Breeder
Utahs premier Freshwater African Cichlid breeder with several species of African cichlids for sale. Call 801-572-2009 to buy your Malawi Cichlids at Live Fish Direct
http://www.livefishdirect.com/?fid=351
Quick guide to Tanganyikan cichlids - Practical Fishkeeping MagazineQuick guide to Tanganyikan cichlids - Practical Fishkeeping Magazine
Many shell-dwelling species are adaptations of these cave spawners and include Neolamprologus ocellatus. Their caves are made up of the empty, calcified shells of Neothauma snails which are preserved by the hard alkaline water. Shell dwellers can be kept in small tanks and make fascinating residents.. Mouthbrooders. These are also very popular with hobbyists, with the rock dwelling, algae grazing Tropheus, the large sedate, predatory Frontosa and the slender, open water Sardine cichlids making up the bulk of all such fish sold. The three are very different in their requirements, despite inhabiting the same lake, so should not be kept together in the same tank.. Tropheus look and behave like Pseudotropheus from Lake Malawi. Their diet is poor, consisting of short algae strands growing from rocks and the odd invertebrate found within the algae. This growth is commonly referred to as aufwuch. Tropheus are aggressive and territorial in the aquarium, as in nature they fight to protect their algae and ...
https://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/features/articles/quick-guide-to-tanganyikan-cichlids
Genetic isolation and morphological divergence mediated by high-energy rapids in two cichlid genera from the lower Congo rapids...Genetic isolation and morphological divergence mediated by high-energy rapids in two cichlid genera from the lower Congo rapids...
Population boundaries are largely determined by local environment, the strength of barriers to migration, and the organisms inherent dispersal abilities. The interaction among these and genetic factors determines the potential for evolutionary divergence, and is at the heart of our understanding of ecological adaptation and ongoing speciation processes. When individuals can easily cross barriers between suitable habitat patches, gene flow acts to homogenize most neutral genetic diversity and may swamp the effects of any local phenotypic selection whereas low levels of migration may facilitate ecological divergence, even when selection is modest. Evolutionary divergence through fine-scale geographic isolation is believed to be one of the main mechanisms promoting speciation in the cichlid radiations of the African Great Lakes [1-3]. Many lake species are extreme local endemics, with distributions limited to small patches of ecologically distinct habitat. Many narrowly endemic cichlid species are ...
https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-10-149
Visual sensitivities tuned by heterochronic shifts in opsin gene expressionVisual sensitivities tuned by heterochronic shifts in opsin gene expression
Background Cichlid fishes have radiated into hundreds of species in the Great Lakes of Africa. Brightly colored males display on leks and vie to be chosen by females as mates. Strong discrimination by females causes differential male mating success, rapid evolution of male color patterns and, possibly, speciation. In addition to differences in color pattern, Lake Malawi cichlids also show some of the largest known shifts in visual sensitivity among closely related species. These shifts result from modulated expression of seven cone opsin genes. However, the mechanisms for this modulated expression are unknown. Results In this work, we ask whether these differences might result from changes in developmental patterning of cone opsin genes. To test this, we compared the developmental pattern of cone opsin gene expression of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, with that of several cichlid species from Lake Malawi. In tilapia, quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that opsin gene ...
https://drum.lib.umd.edu/handle/1903/13385
The proportion of assembled haplochromine cichlid seque | Open-iThe proportion of assembled haplochromine cichlid seque | Open-i
The proportion of assembled haplochromine cichlid sequences with and without BLAST matches compared to three databases (Takifugu rubripes, Danio rerio, and Onco
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC2279125_1471-2164-9-96-1&req=4
Firemouth cichlid - WikipediaFiremouth cichlid - Wikipedia
The firemouth cichlid (Thorichthys meeki) is a species of cichlid fish native to Central America. They occur in rivers of the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, south through Belize and into northern Guatemala. Their natural habitat is typically shallow, slow-moving, often turbid, water with a pH of 6.5 - 8.0. It has also been reported to live in underground cave systems. As fish with a tropical distribution, firemouth cichlids live in warm water with a temperature range of 23-30 °C (75-86 °F). The common name, firemouth, is derived from the bright orange-red colouration on the underside of the jaw. Males in particular flare out their gills, exposing their red throats, in a threat display designed to ward off male rivals from their territory. Like most cichlids, brood care is highly developed; this species is an egg-layer. Firemouth cichlids form monogamous pairs and spawn on flattened surfaces of rocks, leaves or submerged wood. Breeding males are primarily responsible for territorial defense, while ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firemouth_cichlid
Neotropical Cichlid Phylogeny - Tropical Fish Forums at the Age of Aquariums
Neotropical Cichlid Phylogeny - Tropical fish forum at the Age of Aquariums - dedicated to promoting responsible fish-keeping internationally.
http://www.aquahobby.com/board/viewtopic.php?t=51709&start=0&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=
How To Breed Convict Cichlid FishHow To Breed Convict Cichlid Fish
Convict Cichlids is a kind of fish also known as Zebra Cichlids to aquarium enthusiasts. They are relatively easy to breed because they require minimal human supervision or intervention.
http://www.howtodothings.com/pets-animals/how-to-breed-convict-cichlid-fish
Metabolic and ionoregulatory responses of the Amazonian cichlid, Astronotus ocellatus, to severe hypoxiaMetabolic and ionoregulatory responses of the Amazonian cichlid, Astronotus ocellatus, to severe hypoxia
We examined the metabolic and ionoregulatory responses of the Amazonian cichlid, Astronotus ocellatus, to 20 h exposure to severe hypoxia (0.37 +/- 0.19 mg O(2)/l; 4.6% air saturation) or 8 h severe hypoxia followed by 12 h recovery in normoxic water. During 20 h exposure to hypoxia, white muscle [A …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17219139/?dopt=Abstract
Wardley Wardley Cichlid Medium Floating Pellet Food Cichlid FoodWardley Wardley Cichlid Medium Floating Pellet Food Cichlid Food
Wardley Wardley Cichlid Medium Floating Pellet Food Cichlid Food Wardley Premium Cichlid Floating Pellets (Medium) provide a balanced diet for growth, superior coloration and survival of both herbivorous and carnivorous cichlids. Provides a balanced diet for growth Promtes superior colora...
https://www.petmountain.com/product/cichlid-food/11442-504473/wardley-wardley-advanced-nutrition-perfect-protein-cichlid-pellet-food-medium-pellets.html
Behavioral color vision in a cichlid fish: Metriaclima benetos | Journal of Experimental BiologyBehavioral color vision in a cichlid fish: Metriaclima benetos | Journal of Experimental Biology
In this study, we wanted to take the first step in understanding vision in cichlids and to know whether they have true color vision. Further studies are needed to dissect the cichlid visual system as well as its adaptations and limitations but, given our visual modeling and behavioral results, we can infer the physiological characteristics of the cichlid retina. Initially, based on previous fish-vision studies applying the RNL model, we assumed a Weber fraction of 0.05 (Champ et al., 2016; Cheney et al., 2009; Dalton et al., 2016; Wilkins et al., 2016) for the LWS channel. However, in order to better predict cichlid performance, we adjusted this to a higher Weber fraction of 0.1. We did this because, even though we are not evaluating color discrimination thresholds, increasing the Weber fraction, and hence lowering chromatic distance, would partially explain the mistakes fish made (Figs 2 and 3). In general, a Weber fraction of 0.05 is accepted for most animals (Vorobyev and Osorio, 1998) but it ...
https://jeb.biologists.org/content/220/16/2887
Cichlids mirror a vertebrate innovation | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological SciencesCichlids mirror a vertebrate innovation | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences
Although it is widely assumed that the evolution of jaw kinesis in the ray-finned fishes was an innovation to enhance suction feeding performance, the lack of phylogenetic replication of this event across fishes has hindered direct tests of this hypothesis. Our results reveal that within the East African cichlid radiations, multiple transitions between biting and suction feeding have occurred, and that these functional transitions are accompanied by evolutionary reduction of jaw kinesis over short evolutionary timescales of 4 Myr or less (figure 3). These rapid and repeated shifts are consistent with the hypothesis that high jaw kinesis is selectively maintained in suction feeding fishes and provides evidence supporting upper jaw protrusion as a major evolutionary innovation for ray-finned fishes.. Our power to detect associations between jaw kinesis and transitions in feeding mode is directly connected to the sheer number of dietary transitions that have occurred in these cichlid radiations, ...
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/283/1822/20151413
Evolutionary dynamics of rRNA gene clusters in cichlid fish | BMC Evolutionary Biology | Full TextEvolutionary dynamics of rRNA gene clusters in cichlid fish | BMC Evolutionary Biology | Full Text
Among multigene families, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes are the most frequently studied and have been explored as cytogenetic markers to study the evolutionary history of karyotypes among animals and plants. In this report, we applied cytogenetic and genomic methods to investigate the organization of rRNA genes among cichlid fishes. Cichlids are a group of fishes that are of increasing scientific interest due to their rapid and convergent adaptive radiation, which has led to extensive ecological diversity. The present paper reports the cytogenetic mapping of the 5S rRNA genes from 18 South American, 22 African and one Asian species and the 18S rRNA genes from 3 African species. The data obtained were comparatively analyzed with previously published information related to the mapping of rRNA genes in cichlids. The number of 5S rRNA clusters per diploid genome ranged from 2 to 15, with the most common pattern being the presence of 2 chromosomes bearing a 5S rDNA cluster. Regarding 18S rDNA mapping, the
https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-12-198
Tropical Fish for Freshwater Aquariums: Yellowfin Borleyi CichlidTropical Fish for Freshwater Aquariums: Yellowfin Borleyi Cichlid
The Yellowfin Borleyi Cichlid, also known as Haplochromis barlowi, originates from the Southern part of Lake Malawi, Africa. The males have a blue body with striking yellow fins, and are one of the larger Copadichromis Cichlids reaching a maximum size of 7. When mature, the females remain brown to silver in color, and will be slightly smaller than the males. A large aquarium with plenty of caves and hiding places is ideal for the Yellowfin Borleyi Cichlid. Caves can be formed from limestone or any other type of inert rock, as well as African Driftwood. An aragonite-based substrate is recommended in order to maintain the necessary high pH and alkalinity. They do not like bright lighting, and the aragonite should ideally be either mixed with or covered by darker gravel to reduce the amount of glare in the aquarium. The Yellowfin Borleyi Cichlid requires a substrate deep enough to burrow in during breeding time. For best results in spawning, the males should be kept with at least three females. ...
https://www.liveaquaria.com/product/1830/?pcatid=1830
Growth and sexual development of 17 alpha testosterone and progesterone treated Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in...Growth and sexual development of 17 alpha testosterone and progesterone treated Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in...
Swim-up fry (average weight, 14 mg) were obtained from Oreochromis niloticus (Chitralada strain) held in concrete tanks. In experiment 1 (1985), fry were fed diets treated with 17 alpha-methyltestosterone (MT) or progesterone at 60 mg/kg for 40 days. Control fish were fed untreated diet. Fingerlings (average weight, 2.86 g) were subsequently stocked at 1/square m. in earthen ponds receiving septic tank slurry at 150 kg COD/ha/day and fine rice bran as supplementary feed for about 5 months. In experiment 2 (1986), similar procedures were followed but the fry were fed MT at 40 mg/kg for 40 days and pond stocking rates of 1,3,5 and 7 fingerlings/sq. m were compared. Individual size, sex and stage of maturity were determined. In experiment 1, the average individual size was greatest in the MT-treated group (263 g), compared with the untreated (232 g) and progesterone-treated fish (189 g). The final size of fish in experiment 2 decreased significantly (P0.05) with density, from an average of 249 g at ...
https://www.stir.ac.uk/research/hub/publication/10436
Cichlids Wallpaper Free HD Backgrounds Images PicturesCichlids Wallpaper Free HD Backgrounds Images Pictures
cichlids Wallpaper, wallpaper of african cichlids in an aquarium fresh water with plants and drift wook with some tetras inside too, there is also some sand, very natural looking and setting. download cichlids wallpaper for your mobile device like iphone or ipad or cell phone like a smart phone like samgung and motorolla in high definition in all sizes for free, no virus, no spam, no spyware and no malware. Share cichlids wallpaper in facebook, twitter, myspace, tumbler
http://www.wallpaperama.com/wallpapers/cichlids.html
The Cichlids of the African Rift LakesThe Cichlids of the African Rift Lakes
And flourish it did in the Rift Valley lakes. If you were to visit these lakes, snorkel or scuba in their waters, you would most likely notice a wide variety of fish. You would not be wrong in this assessment; however, you might be surprised to find that most of these types of fish are belonging to a group called the cichlids (SICK-lids), and that all 1,650 plus species of these cichlids descended from a common ancestor. While the dates of when the common ancestor of the various cichlids came to be trapped in their respective lakes, it has been estimated that the cichlids of Lake Malawi all evolved from a common ancestor trapped 700,000 years ago, and those of Lake Victoria around 12,000 years ago. Trapped in these growing lakes while they were being formed, this small group of fish quickly came to dominate their new home, exploding in biodiversity to adapt to the wide variety of niches left open to them ...
http://thenaturalworld1.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/cichlids-of-african-rift-lakes.html
Association between Heavy Metals and Selected Reproductive Parameters in the Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, along River...Association between Heavy Metals and Selected Reproductive Parameters in the Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, along River...
The Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is a tropical fish species of commercial importance in both aquaculture and in the wild. It plays a great role in human nutrition and food security. River Ruiru is one of the rivers faced with pollution from nearby industries. It is inhabited by various species of fish such as tilapia and common carp, which, may be harvested by surrounding communities for food. High levels of heavy metals disrupt normal reproductive process in fish. Besides, it has been reported that edible fish contaminated with heavy metals has deleterious effects on the health of humans and other animals that consume them. There is no documented information on the association between heavy metals and the reproductive biology of Oreochromis niloticus in River Ruiru. This study was aimed at assessing the level of heavy metals in fish ovaries and their association with selected reproductive parameters in the reproductive cycle of O. niloticus. Fish samples were collected monthly, for 8 ...
https://journaljalsi.com/index.php/JALSI/article/view/30185
Acervo Digital: Métodos de abate e qualidade da tilápia do NiloAcervo Digital: Métodos de abate e qualidade da tilápia do Nilo
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three methods of slaughter of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the quality of frozen fillets. This research was performed in two steps consisting in applying the methods of killing by electric shock (ChE), gas mixture (CO2N) and hypothermia (AG). The first step was analyzed whole fish cold, evaluated indices of rigor mortis, degradation of ATP, pH, N-BVT NNP, muscle contraction, and texture instrumental color and sensory evaluation. Fish killed by ChE showed a delay in the time of entry into rigor mortis, this same treatment showed R2 0.92 in the interaction between the degradation of ATP and rigor. The pH was affected (p, 0.05) by treatments and time. The highest values occurred in the BNV slaughter by ChE. Slaughter presented by AG 452 mg NNP/100g. The storage time caused a slight decrease in instrumental texture slaughter by ChE. A L* increased with time for slaughter for ChE and CO2N. Sensory analysis showed an R2 0.94, 0.98 and 0.96 for ...
https://acervodigital.unesp.br/handle/11449/100161
Assistant prof. Ashraf Mohamed Abd Ellatief Nasif |Publications:Potentiality of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract as a growth...Assistant prof. Ashraf Mohamed Abd Ellatief Nasif |Publications:Potentiality of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract as a growth...
Paper:Potentiality of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract as a growth modulator and antistress in acute hypoxic Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus , Author:Shourbela R.M.1; El-Hawarry W.N.1*; Abd El-Latif A.M.2; Abo-Kora S.Y.3 , Year:2020 , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine ,Department of Fish Diseases and mangement ,Benha University
https://bu.edu.eg/staff/ashrafmohamed1-publications/40171
Occurrence and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus Obtained in Ibadan...Occurrence and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus Obtained in Ibadan...
The bacteriological quality of both wild and cultured Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, sourced in some area of Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria was studied. Bacteria flora of the skin and stomach of fish samples were examined and compared statistically (t-test independent). The resistance of bacterial isolates to commonly used antibiotics was also studied. Total aerobic bacteria count [colony forming unit: CFU = 159.50.13 ± 72, t < 0.01] with significant difference in the skin and Enterobacteriaceae count [(CFU) = 74.08 ± 5.55] with significant difference in the stomach were obtained in the Nile tilapia. The bacteria in the genera Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Proteus, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Micrococcus, Serratia, Pseudomonas, Salmonella and Streptococcus were isolated and have been proven to be of great public health significance. About 87.5% of the tested isolates were resistant to augmentin, 83.33% to cotrimoxazole and nalidixic acid. In addition, 79.17% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline,
https://file.scirp.org/Html/3-2150050_56139.htm
Tilapia by Jesse Rinard on PreziTilapia by Jesse Rinard on Prezi
Oreochromis amphimelas, Oreochromis andersonii, Oreochromis angolensis, Oreochromis aureus, Oreochromis chungruruensis, Oreochromis esculentus, Oreochromis hunteri, Oreochromis ismailiaensis, Oreochromis jipe, Oreochromis karomo, Oreochromis karongae, Oreochromis korogwe, Oreochromis lepidurus, Oreochromis leucostictus, Oreochromis lidole, Oreochromis macrochir, Oreochromis malagarasi, Oreochromis mortimeri, Oreochromis mossambicus, Oreochromis mweruensis, Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis pangani, Oreochromis pangani girigan, Oreochromis pangani pangani, Oreochromis placidus, Oreochromis placidus placidus, Oreochromis placidus ruvumae, Oreochromis rukwaensis, Oreochromis saka, Oreochromis salinicola, Oreochromis schwebischi, Oreochromis shiranus, Oreochromis shiranus chilwae, Oreochromis shiranus shiranus, Oreochromis spilurus, Oreochromis spilurus niger, Oreochromis spilurus percivali, Oreochromis spilurus spilurus, Oreochromis squamipinnis, Oreochromis tanganicae, Oreochromis upembae, ...
https://prezi.com/3knux1_pbppl/tilapia/
Molecular characterization of edwardsiella tarda bacteria causing severe mortalities in cultured oreochromis niloticus fish ...
The present study was carried out to isolate Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) from cultured Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and that identified by both Biochemical tests (API 20 E) and PCR. A total of 2 E. tarda isolates were isolated from 50 cultured O. niloticus fish collected randomly from the ponds of private fish farms at Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The clinical picture of the collected fish exhibited loss of escape reflex; skin darkness; bilateral exophthalmia with corneal opacity and ulcers varied in their degrees, inflammation, congestion, hemorrhage and enlargement of most internal organs were apparent in postmortem examination. The isolated E. tarda was screened for presence of 3 virulence genes (esrB, gyrB and gadB genes) using multiplex PCR and the results showed the amplification of the concerned gene at molecular size esrB (311 bp), gadB (583) in one strain and gyrB (415) in the other strain. Histopathological examination for haemobiotic organs liver, spleen and kidney as ...
http://journalcra.com/article/molecular-characterization-edwardsiella-tarda-bacteria-causing-severe-mortalities-cultured-o
Assessment of heavy metals in tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) from the Langat River and Engineering Lake in Bangi,...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Assessment of heavy metals in tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) from the Langat River and Engineering Lake in Bangi, Malaysia, and evaluation of the health risk from tilapia consumption. AU - Taweel, Abdulali. AU - Shuhaimi-Othman, M.. AU - Abas Kutty, Ahmad. PY - 2013/7/1. Y1 - 2013/7/1. N2 - Concentrations of the heavy metals copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni) were determined in the liver, gills and muscles of tilapia fish from the Langat River and Engineering Lake, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. There were differences in the concentrations of the studied heavy metals between different organs and between sites. In the liver samples, Cu,Zn,Ni,Pb,Cd, and in the gills and muscle, Zn,Ni,Cu,Pb,Cd. Levels of Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb in the liver samples from Engineering Lake were higher than in those from the Langat River, whereas the Ni levels in the liver samples from the Langat River were greater than in those from Engineering Lake. Cd levels in the fish ...
https://ukm.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/assessment-of-heavy-metals-in-tilapia-fish-oreochromis-niloticus-
Biological Treatment of Broad Bean Hulls and its Evaluation through Tilapia Fingerlings (Oreochromis Niloticus) Feeding | OMICS...Biological Treatment of Broad Bean Hulls and its Evaluation through Tilapia Fingerlings (Oreochromis Niloticus) Feeding | OMICS...
Biological Treatment of Broad Bean Hulls and its Evaluation through Tilapia Fingerlings (Oreochromis Niloticus) Feeding Abstract.
https://www.omicsonline.org/peer-reviewed/biological-treatment-of-broad-bean-hulls-and-its-evaluation-through-tilapia-fingerlings-oreochromis-niloticus-feeding-58491.html
cichlids and tilapias articles - Encyclopedia of Lifecichlids and tilapias articles - Encyclopedia of Life
The diversity of habitats occupied by cichlids is matched by the number of mating systems they employ. In fact, the local ecological conditions are an important indicator of the mating system used, which may vary within the same species. The most primitive condition is monogamy, with males and females essentially monomorphic, excepting some coloring details. Courtship rituals and parental care are common among monogamous pairs. Some cichlids are polygynous: males fertilize the eggs of more than one female. In this system, males might defend a territory that females visit to spawn (only once during the season), two females may defend a territory overlapping that of a male (bigamy), or a male may dominate a harem of multiple females. Cichlids also employ polyandry, in which females mate with several males. In one extraordinary case, sex roles are essentially reversed. Sarotherodon melanotheron males nurture eggs and fry in the mouth for 15 days after spawning, while females are capable of spawning ...
https://eol.org/pages/5344/articles
A study on monogenean parasites from the gills of some cichlids (Pisces: Cichlidae) from the Brazilian AmazonA study on monogenean parasites from the gills of some cichlids (Pisces: Cichlidae) from the Brazilian Amazon
FERREIRA-SOBRINHO, Aristides e TAVARES-DIAS, Marcos. A study on monogenean parasites from the gills of some cichlids (Pisces: Cichlidae) from the Brazilian Amazon. Rev. Mex. Biodiv. [online]. 2016, vol.87, n.3, pp.1002-1009. ISSN 2007-8706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.010.. The aim of this study was to investigate monogenean fauna in gills of Geophagus camopiensis, Pterophyllum scalare, Satanoperca jurupari, and Satanoperca acuticeps in a tributary from the Amazon River system in Brazil. A total of 2,148 monogenean specimens were collected from 140 fish examined from March 2012 to March 2013, and 84.3% of these fish were parasitized by 1 or more species. Such monogeneans were: Sciadicleithrum geophagi, Sciadicleithrum juruparii, Gussevia spiralocirra and Gyrodactylus sp. However, only G. camopiensis was parasitized by more than 1 species of monogenean, while S. jurupari and S. acuticeps were parasitized by the same species. Prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance varied among ...
http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1870-34532016000301002&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Cichlids - Make My Hobby ReviewsCichlids - Make My Hobby Reviews
Live Aquatic Cichlids Find more 58 items of products in Cichlids ( Red Tiger Oscar Big, Snakeskin Discus 3, Venustus Cichlid and many other).
http://makemyhobby.com/live-aquatic/cichlids
Tropical Fish for Freshwater Aquariums: Dwarf Cockatoo CichlidTropical Fish for Freshwater Aquariums: Dwarf Cockatoo Cichlid
The Apistogramma cacatuoides is commonly known as the Cockatoo Dwarf Cichlid or Big Mouth Apistogramma. The Apistogramma originates in the streams and backwaters of South America. This strain has been selectively bred for its brilliant orange coloration. The body of these fish is elongated, with a prominent dorsal fin. The rear part of the dorsal fin, as well as the tail, has a striking orange coloration. The Dwarf Cockatoo Cichlid should be kept in an aquarium that is 30 gallons minimum, with densely planted groupings. They require plenty of open swimming areas but also need hiding places. A fine gravel to sand substrate is recommended. Although a semi-aggressive fish, the Apistogramma is also timid and should not be housed with large, aggressive fish. They require good water conditions, and regular water changes are a must. The Dwarf Cockatoo Cichlid is an egg layer that prefers to spawn in caves. Once the female has laid her eggs, the male will follow to fertilize them. After fertilization, ...
https://www.liveaquaria.com/product/1666/?pcatid=1666
Exposure to formaldehyde at therapeutic levels decreases peripheral blood lymphocytes and hematopoietic progenitors in the...Exposure to formaldehyde at therapeutic levels decreases peripheral blood lymphocytes and hematopoietic progenitors in the...
Formaldehyde (HCHO) was recently detected at concentrations above the cancer benchmark in 90% of 60 000 surveyed United States census tracks. Formaldehyde leaches into and mixes with water extremely well, exposing aquatic life. Further, formaldehyde is used therapeutically in aquaculture to remove external protozoa and other parasites from fish. The present study was undertaken to determine if sub-acute HCHO causes immunologic changes in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Fish were exposed to 0, 50, or 150 ppm of HCHO. Immune parameters examined included blood hematology, spleen/body weight ratio, spleen and pronephros total cellularity, leukocyte blastogenesis, and natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Organ/body weight ratios and total cellularity were not different from controls. Similarly, mitogen response and natural killer cell function were unchanged. Peripheral blood lymphocytes decreased as HCHO exposure increased. Formaldehyde exposure also decreased the number of progenitor cells in the fish ...
https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/64884
CiNii 論文 - Vitamin B 6 requirements of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus x O.aureus fed two...
石橋 泰典 , 家戸 敬太郎 , 池田 静徳 , 村田 修 , 宮下 盛 , 熊井 英水 水産増殖 = The aquiculture 50(3), 347-353, 2002-09-20 日本農学文献記事索引 参考文献31件 ...
https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10004872580
Social stress adversely affects digestive function in subordinate cichlid fish | EurekAlert! Science NewsSocial stress adversely affects digestive function in subordinate cichlid fish | EurekAlert! Science News
A new study has determined that social stress adversely affects digestive function in subordinate cichlid fish. Scientists compared bile retention and gall bladder size in dominant and subordinate males that had eaten equal amounts of food. They discovered not only were the gall bladders in the subordinate fish much larger, they were filled with dark
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2004-01/euhs-ssa010804.php
Effect of stocking density and fertilization on the growth performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) fed rice bran, water...Effect of stocking density and fertilization on the growth performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) fed rice bran, water...
Sen, Sorphea, 2010. Effect of stocking density and fertilization on the growth performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) fed rice bran, water spinach and duckweed in pond and paddy field . Second cycle, A1E. Uppsala: SLU, Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management ...
https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/1790/
nexn - Nexilin (F actin binding protein) - Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) - nexn gene & proteinnexn - Nexilin (F actin binding protein) - Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) - nexn gene & protein
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/I3IZX5
TUB like protein 4b - Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)TUB like protein 4b - Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/I3IW97
Nicaragua Cichlid Freshwater Aquarium Fish | Arizona Aquatic GardensNicaragua Cichlid Freshwater Aquarium Fish | Arizona Aquatic Gardens
Arizona Aquatic Gardens offers the best in Central American Cichlids like these Nicaragua Cichlids. Shop online for savings today!
https://azgardens.com/product/nicaragua-cichlid-freshwater-aquarium-fish/
Reproductive aspects of Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) at Coatetelco lake, Morelos, Mexico
Reproduction of the fish Poeciliopsis gracilis (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) in Coatetelco, a tropical shallow lake in Mexico. José Luis Gómez-Márquez; Peña-Mendoza, Bertha; Salgado-Ugarte, Isaías H.; Sánchez-Herrera, Abby K.; Sastré-Baez, Leonardo // Revista de BiologÃ-a Tropical;dic2008, Vol. 56 Issue 4, p1801 A reproductive analysis of 1 225 specimens of Poeciliopsis gracilis obtained through monthly samples from Coatetelco, a tropical shallow lake in Central Mexico, was made. There was an evident sexual dimorphism, including a difference in body size at the onset of reproduction. Sex ratio deviated... ...
http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/15864589/reproductive-aspects-oreochromis-niloticus-perciformes-cichlidae-coatetelco-lake-morelos-mexico
African Cichlid InterbreedingAfrican Cichlid Interbreeding
a tropical fresh-water site covering all aspects of the hobby, from the fish to the aquariums. It contains sections for the novice and more advanced hobbyist alike, many tropical fish pictures are includedAfrican Cichlid Interbreeding
http://www.badmanstropicalfish.com/forum/index.php?topic=32562.0
Requirements | MPI - Ministry for Primary Industries. A New Zealand Government Department.Requirements | MPI - Ministry for Primary Industries. A New Zealand Government Department.
ORNAMARI.ALL keywords: fisornic.all, aquatic animals, snails, coral, anemones, shrimp, Abramites spp Headstanders; Acanthophthalmus spp Coolie loaches; Acanthopsis spp Long nosed loaches; Acarichthys heckelii; Acaronia nassa Big eyed cichlid; Aequidens spp Acaras; Alestes spp See Brycinus spp; Amblydoras spp Amblydoras; Anableps spp Four eyes; Ancistrus spp Bristle noses; Anoptichthys spp See Astyanax spp; Anostomus spp Headstanders; Aphanius fasciatus Banded minnow; Aphyocharax spp Bloodfin, flame-tail tetras; Aphyosemion spp Aphyosemions, killie fishes; Apistogramma spp Dwarf cichlids; Aplocheilichthys spp Lampeyes; Aplocheilus spp panchax; Apteronotus spp Black ghost; Arnoldichthys spp Characins; Aspidoras spp dwarf catfish; Astronotus ocellatus Marbled, yellow, back, red Oscar; Astyanax spp Astyanax, tetra; Aulonocara nyassae African peacock cichlid; Austrolfundulus spp killifish; Axelrodia spp Ruby tetra; Badis badis Dwarf chameleon fish; Balanteocheilus spp Silver, bala sharks; Barbodes ...
http://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/live-animals/aquatic-animals/requirements/?sa=U
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Bioaccumulation and purification of cadmium in Tubifex tubifex Łuszczek-Trojnar E. , Sroka K.1, Klaczak A. , Nowak M.1, Popek W. Abstract Full Text:PDF Recommended articles Mail to Author How to Cite Evaluation of Genotoxicity Induced by Medicinal Plant Jatropha gossypifolia in Freshwater Fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) Pratibha Singh , Anurag Dabas , Rashmi Srivastava , N.S. Nagpure , Ajay Singh Abstract Full Text:PDF Recommended articles Mail to Author How to Cite Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in Marine Diatom: Thalassiosira allenii Takano Göknur Şişman-Aydın , Baha Büyükışık , Rahime Oral Abstract Full Text:PDF Recommended articles Mail to Author How to Cite Determination of the Levels of Indicator Bacteria, Salmonella spp. and Heavy Metals in Sea Snails (Rapana venosa) from the Northern Marmara Sea, Turkey Gülşen Altuğ , Nihal Güler Abstract Full Text:PDF Recommended articles Mail to Author How to Cite Effect of Dietborne Cu and Cd on Body Indices of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis ...
https://www.trjfas.org/similar.php?&id=612
epsom salt for discus fishepsom salt for discus fish
Abstain from Feeds with discus meal because discus fish does not easily digest them. Salt is the most misused and overused chemical in the discus fishroom. [STEP 2] - Perform water changes of 35% daily. Keep your discus away from any form of stress, as listed above. [STEP 5] - Use of Epsom salt for relaxation of the muscle of the fish. [STEP 4] - Feed Your Discus Anti-bacterial Fish Food. Keep in mind that once you add Epsom salt to the tank that it will stay until you do a water change. Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate) is a laxitive. NOTE: Epsom salt will increase the discus fish metabolic rate which will help them quickly get everything out of them, so you will normally see poops increment in your tank. Epsom salts do not go away once added to the tank and will stay in the water until you change it, so you dont need to replace it unless you do a water change. Description. You have 5 days from the first time he begins headstanding to cure him if you lower the water level, 3 days if you do not. ...
http://pmgreps.com/f1vraj/epsom-salt-for-discus-fish-ad96a7
Cloverleaf Absolute Complete Sinking Discus Diet Pellet Food 150gCloverleaf Absolute Complete Sinking Discus Diet Pellet Food 150g
150g Absolute Discus Diet Absolute Complete sinking Discus pellet Absolute Discus is a sinking format food that encourages natural feeding behaviour. Absolute discus softens quickly without clouding the water. Absolute discus is full of Natural proteins, Vitamins and Bio-active elements to aid in digestion and Promote
https://www.cellarmarinestore.co.uk/products/cloverleaf-150g-absolute-complete-sinking-discus-diet-pellet-food
Socio-economic effects of the evolution of Nile perch fisheries in Lake Victoria: a reviewSocio-economic effects of the evolution of Nile perch fisheries in Lake Victoria: a review
B.1. INTRODUCTION. The Nile perch (Lates niloticus),2 was reportedly transplanted into the Ugandan waters of Lake Victoria in the late 1950s and early 1960s (EAFFRO 1960; Hamblyn 1960).3 The question of whether or not to introduce this large, predatory fish sparked considerable controversy (Anderson 1961; Fryer 1960; Jackson 1971; Ogutu-Ohwayo 1985; Ribbink 1987; van Someren 1963). Opponents pointed out that such a step made little ecological sense: the theoretical potential sustained harvest from predatory fish (at the top of the food/energy pyramid) is significantly less than from their prey (typically represented at the middle or lower levels of the pyramid). Others argued that Nile perch, feeding on the huge but relatively unexploited and unpopular species stocks of haplochromine cichlids, would eventually provide the Lake with an important new fishery. Indeed, certain reports give the impression that Lates was first introduced with just such an objective in mind (e.g. Acere 1985). However, ...
http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/t0037e/t0037e09.htm
Mostly Cichlids - Cichlid ReferencesMostly Cichlids - Cichlid References
The following is a compilation of references that I have accumulated over time. Most of them were forwarded to me by Fred Batzer. It is far from complete but someday, I hope to have a fairly comprehensive list of references from both scientific and hobby publications. Most of the items listed below are from European publications. If you have a few references that are missing from my list, please forward them to me. Crenicichla ...
http://www.oocities.org/vinnykutty/ref-pikes.html
Aquarium Care of Cichlids (Animal Planet Pet Care Library) - Aquarium Equipment ReviewsAquarium Care of Cichlids (Animal Planet Pet Care Library) - Aquarium Equipment Reviews
Aquarium Care of Cichlids (Animal Planet Pet Care Library) Freshwater, Welcome to our friendly aquarium forum. We are happy to talk fish, answer your questions and help solve your problems. Join today. Its free!
http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/review/showproduct.php?product=329&cat=8&sl=7&limit=recent&date=1266894016
Aquarium Care of Cichlids (Animal Planet Pet Care Library) - Aquarium Equipment ReviewsAquarium Care of Cichlids (Animal Planet Pet Care Library) - Aquarium Equipment Reviews
Aquarium Care of Cichlids (Animal Planet Pet Care Library) Freshwater, Welcome to our friendly aquarium forum. We are happy to talk fish, answer your questions and help solve your problems. Join today. Its free!
http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/review/showproduct.php?product=329&cat=8&sl=9&limit=recent&date=1266894279
AquaScapeOnline We sell a wide selection of piranhas, stingrays, cichlids, plecos, catfish and rare oddball tropical fish.AquaScapeOnline We sell a wide selection of piranhas, stingrays, cichlids, plecos, catfish and rare oddball tropical fish.
AquaScapeOnline, We sell online a wide selection of piranhas, stingrays, cichlids, plecos, catfish and rare oddball tropical fish. Tropical fish for sale online.
https://www.aquascapeonline.com/aquatic-live-stock-fresh-water-fish-piranhas-myleus-schomburgki-thin-bar/
AquaScapeOnline We sell a wide selection of piranhas, stingrays, cichlids, plecos, catfish and rare oddball tropical fish.AquaScapeOnline We sell a wide selection of piranhas, stingrays, cichlids, plecos, catfish and rare oddball tropical fish.
AquaScapeOnline, We sell online a wide selection of piranhas, stingrays, cichlids, plecos, catfish and rare oddball tropical fish. Tropical fish for sale online.
https://www.aquascapeonline.com/pterodoras-granulosus/
Assorted Ram Cichlid - Exotic Pets
Remarks: Rams (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) have been popular in the hobby for decades for their brilliant colors and easy reproduction. They are small cichlids from South America that rarely grow larger than 2. Their name, Small Eartheater, gives clues about their feeding mechanism: They sift sand through their mouths
https://exoticpetswichita.com/products/assorted-ram-cichlid
silver sharks vs cichlids | 882silver sharks vs cichlids | 882
silver sharks vs cichlids - im in kind of a dilema.....i have started a community tank with some silver sharks that are about 2 1/2 inches long. my friend recently purchased a...
https://www.fishlore.com/aquariumfishforum/threads/silver-sharks-vs-cichlids.882/
Effect of dietary energy source (starch vs. fat) on energy utilization and oxygen consumption of Nile tilapia<...
TY - CHAP. T1 - Effect of dietary energy source (starch vs. fat) on energy utilization and oxygen consumption of Nile tilapia. AU - Schrama, J.W.. AU - Subramanian, S.. AU - Geurden, I.. AU - Coppens, K.. AU - Heinsbroek, L.T.N.. PY - 2010. Y1 - 2010. M3 - Abstract. SP - 224. BT - The 14th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition and Feeding: Program & Abstracts. May 31-June 4, 2010, Qingdao, China. CY - Qingdao, China. T2 - The 14th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition and Feeding. May 31-June 4, 2010, Qingdao, China. Y2 - 31 May 2010 through 4 June 2010. ER - ...
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/effect-of-dietary-energy-source-starch-vs-fat-on-energy-utilizati
Publication : USDA ARSPublication : USDA ARS
Citation: Wei Pridgeon, Y., Aksoy, M., Klesius, P.H., Li, Y., Mu, S., Srivastava, K., Reddy, G. 2011. Identification and expression profiles of multiple genes in Nile tilapia in response to bacterial infections. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 144:111-119. Interpretive Summary: To understand how Nile tilapia responds to bacterial infection at molecular level, a subtractive library was constructed. A total of 31 unique genes were identified from the subtractive library. Nine of the 31 ESTs were significantly induced in Nile tilapia at 6h post infection with A. hydrophila at an injection dose that caused ~20% mortality. Of the nine induced genes, four were also significantly induced in Nile tilapia at 6h post infection with A. hydrophila at an injection dose that caused ~60% mortality. Of the four genes induced by A. hydrophila at both injection doses, three were also significantly induced at 6h post infection with Streptococcus iniae at dose that caused ~70% or ~30% mortality. The ...
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=268723
Biologie de la reproduction du Cichlidae Tylochromis jentinki dans la lagune Ébrié (Côte dIvoire) | Cichlid Room CompanionBiologie de la reproduction du Cichlidae Tylochromis jentinki dans la lagune Ébrié (Côte dIvoire) | Cichlid Room Companion
Informationen zur Referenz: Atsé, Boua C & K.J. Konan. 2009. Biologie de la reproduction du Cichlidae Tylochromis jentinki dans la lagune Ébrié (Côte dIvoire). Cybium. vol. 33 (n. 1): pp 11-19 (crc02513)
https://cichlidae.com/reference.php?id=2513&lang=de
THE NILE TILAPIA AS PROBIOTICS | Noon Break BalitaTHE NILE TILAPIA AS PROBIOTICS | Noon Break Balita
The Nile tilapia, a fish commonly found in our marketplace that makes savory dishes, is not only a source of food but may be useful in rthew management of deseases.
http://noonbreakbalita.com/2017/8921/the-nile-tilapia-as-probiotics/
The Ultimate Discus Fish Guide - Types, Tank Mates, Food, BreedingThe Ultimate Discus Fish Guide - Types, Tank Mates, Food, Breeding
As we mentioned above, the diet for a discus should be varied in order to meet all its nutritional requirements.. One of the most favorite foods of discus fish is bloodworms. They are rich in protein, fiber, and fats thus providing the fish necessary nutrients for proper functioning.. The bloodworms can be administered live or frozen. However, we strictly recommend going for the frozen version as live tubifex worms contain the risk of parasites and food poisoning.. White worms are another popular food for the discus. They are full of proteins and even the fussy eaters enjoy them. They also make a good diet for the breeding discus, as they are high in proteins and allow the fish to quickly add size and mass.. The white worms can be easily cultivated at home using a non-transparent plastic container and a layer of peat soil. You can feed the white worms anything from rice flour and bread soaked in water to pasta and scraps of non-citrus fruits and vegetables.. Once you meet all the requirements of ...
https://fluffyplanet.com/discus-fish/
Positive Darwinian selection drives the evolution of the morphology-related gene, EPCAM, in particularly species-rich lineages...Positive Darwinian selection drives the evolution of the morphology-related gene, EPCAM, in particularly species-rich lineages...
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http://kops.uni-konstanz.de/handle/123456789/19450
Spirulina - Aquarist Classifieds SpirulinaSpirulina - Aquarist Classifieds Spirulina
Spirulina. Aquarist Classified Adverts in the UK. Tropical Fish, Marine, Inverts, Malawi and Tanganyikan Cichlids, Discus, Koi, Tanks and Equipment.
https://aquarist-classifieds.co.uk/php/s_Spirulina+.php
Osmoregulatory actions of growth hormone and prolactin in an advanced teleost<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Osmoregulatory actions of growth hormone and prolactin in an advanced teleost. AU - Sakamoto, Tatsuya. AU - Shepherd, Brian S.. AU - Madsen, Steffen S.. AU - Nishioka, Richard S.. AU - Siharath, Kimmakone. AU - Richman, N. Harold. AU - Bern, Howard A.. AU - Grau, E. Gordon. PY - 1997/4. Y1 - 1997/4. N2 - To date, growth hormone (GH) is known to contribute to seawater adaptation only in salmonid fishes (primitive Euteleostei). Accordingly, the effects of homologous GH and two forms of homologous prolactin (PRL177 and PRL188) on hypoosmoregulatory ability and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity in a more advanced euryhaline cichlid fish, the tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), were examined. Following adaptation of hypophysectomized fish to 25% seawater for 3 weeks, fish were given four injections of hormone or vehicle. They were then exposed to 100% seawater for 12 hr and examined for changes in plasma osmolality. Tilapia GH (0.02 and 0.2 μg/g) significantly improved the ability of ...
https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/osmoregulatory-actions-of-growth-hormone-and-prolactin-in-an-adva
KINETIC MODELING OF THE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF PROTEINS OF VISCERAS FROM RED TILAPIA (Oreochromis sp.): EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE...
Results:. The results indicated that increasing the enzyme concentration produced an increase in the DH and in the reaction rate, while increasing the substrate concentration produced a decrease in both parameters. For this reason, a mathematical model was adjusted for the inhibition of substrate from the exponential kinetic equation d(DH)/dt = a*EXP[-b*(DH)] to explain the behavior of the DH as a function of substrate concentration in this hydrolytic process. The parameters a and b were estimated from a nonlinear regression. Based on these results, the reaction constants were determined as Ks = 456.75 g L-1, K2 = 1.2191 min-1, Kd = 0.2224 min-1, KM = 1.8963 and K3 = 0.1173 L g-1 min-1, which allowed the generation of a good correlation between the predicted and experimental values at the different evaluated operating conditions. This correlation was supported by a low average relative error (ARE) of 3.26%. ...
http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0121-40042018000100017&lng=pt&nrm=iso
Pelvicachromis pulcherPelvicachromis pulcher
Robert J. Goldstein (1970). Cichlids. New Jersey: T.F.H. Publications. p. 59. Anton Lamboj (2004). The Cichlid Fishes of ... Wolfgang Staeck & Horst Linke (1994). African Cichlid I: Cichlids from West Africa : A Handbook for Their Identification, Care ... along with rainbow cichlid and purple cichlid. In the wild, male P. pulcher grow to a maximum length of approximately 12.5 ... ISBN 978-3-923880-89-8. David A. Rubin (1985). "Effect of pH on sex ratio in cichlids and a poeciliid (Teleostei)". Copeia. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvicachromis_pulcher
Crenicichla jupiaensisCrenicichla jupiaensis
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla jupiaensis is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found swimming in the upper Paraná River basin. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_jupiaensis
Uaru fernandezyepeziUaru fernandezyepezi
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Uaru Cichlid List of freshwater aquarium fish species Stawikowski, R. (1989)Ein neuer Cichlide aus dem oberen Orinoco-Einzug: ... Uaru fernandezyepezi is a species of cichlid native to South America where it is found in rivers of the Orinoco basin. This ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uaru_fernandezyepezi
Crenicichla cametanaCrenicichla cametana
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla cametana is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_cametana
Crenicichla iguassuensisCrenicichla iguassuensis
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla iguassuensis is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Paraná River basin, in the Iguaçu ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_iguassuensis
Crenicichla reticulataCrenicichla reticulata
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla reticulata is a species of cichlid native to South America, where it occurs in the Amazon River of Brazil, Colombia ... Cichlid fish of South America, Freshwater fish of Brazil, Freshwater fish of Colombia, Freshwater fish of Peru, Fish of Guyana ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_reticulata
Apistogramma macmasteriApistogramma macmasteri
... is a dwarf cichlid in the tribe Geophagini, one of the tribes of the subfamily of American cichlids, ... The author, Sven O. Kullander honoured the cichlid aquarist Mark McMaster with the specific name of this species. McMaster had ... Leo Smith; Prosanta Chakrabarty; John S. Sparks (2008). "Phylogeny, taxonomy, and evolution of Neotropical cichlids (Teleostei ... Berg, William (7 June 2022). "Apistogramma macmasteri , Care & Breeding , Dwarf Cichlids". Dwarfcichlids.com.{{cite web}}: CS1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apistogramma_macmasteri
Crenicichla britskiiCrenicichla britskii
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla britskii is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Paraná River basin, in the Paraná ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_britskii
Crenicichla notophthalmusCrenicichla notophthalmus
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla notophthalmus is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin, in the lower ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_notophthalmus
Crenicichla reganiCrenicichla regani
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla regani is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Trombetas ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_regani
Crenicichla heckeliCrenicichla heckeli
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla heckeli is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Trombetas ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_heckeli
Copadichromis geertsiCopadichromis geertsi
"Malawi Cichlids Copadichromis geertsi". Greater Chicago Cichlid Association. May 2008. Retrieved 3 December 2018. Froese, ... This species was named in 1999 by the Dutch ichthyologist and cichlid specialist Ad Konings, in its specific name he honours ... Copadichromis geertsi is a small to medium-sized cichlid, growing to a standard length of 12.8 centimetres (5.0 in), which ... M.K. Oliver PhD (2002). "Copadichromis geertsi". Malawi Cichlids. M. K. Oliver. Retrieved 2 December 2018. " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copadichromis_geertsi
Crenicichla geayiCrenicichla geayi
... , also known as the half-banded pike cichlid, is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in ... Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... "Crenicichla geayi, Halfbanded pike cichlid : Aquarium". Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (22 September 2018). "Order ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_geayi
Crenicichla haroldoiCrenicichla haroldoi
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla haroldoi is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found swimming in the upper Paraná River basin, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_haroldoi
MikrogeophagusMikrogeophagus
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In: R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater ... Mikrogeophagus is a genus of small cichlids native to the Amazon basin in South America. M. ramirezi is native to the Llanos of ... These species spawn on flat rocks or leaves and not in caves like fishes from the closely related cichlid genus Apistogramma. ... a new dwarf cichlid (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the eastern drainage of the upper Rio Guaporé, Brazil". FishTaxa. 24: 49-58. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrogeophagus
Crenicichla altaCrenicichla alta
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla alta is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin, in the Branco River ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_alta
Crenicichla ternetziCrenicichla ternetzi
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla ternetzi is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Oyapock River drainage in French ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_ternetzi
Crenicichla mucurynaCrenicichla mucuryna
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla mucuryna is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Mucuri River basin in eastern Brazil. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_mucuryna
Lamprologus callipterusLamprologus callipterus
Konings, Ad (1988). Tanganyika Cichlids. Holland: Verduijn Cichlids & Lake Fish Movies. pp. 199-202. v t e (Articles with short ... Lamprologus callipterus is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it very actively moves about in search of ... These schools roam around, leaving a trail of destruction as they feed on insect larvae, crustaceans, and juvenile cichlids. ... Ota, Kazutaka; Masanori Kohda; Tetsu Sato (4 October 2010). "Unusual allometry for sexual size dimorphism in a cichlid where ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamprologus_callipterus
Crenicichla niederleiniiCrenicichla niederleinii
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla niederleinii is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Paraná River basin, in tributaries ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_niederleinii
Amatitlania septemfasciataAmatitlania septemfasciata
... (sometimes called the Seven-stripe Cichlid or Cutter's Cichlid) is a fish species in the cichlid ... doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.00987.x. Heijns, W. (1993). "Central American Cichlids". In Konings, A. (ed.). Enjoying Cichlids. ... Heijns, W. (July 2009). "Central American heroine cichlids, a phylogenetic approach". Cichlid News. pp. 14-22. Leibel, W. (1995 ... the Topaz Cichlid, and Amatitlania cutteri (which also sometimes uses the common name "Cutter's Cichlid"). Prior to being ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amatitlania_septemfasciata
Crenicichla jaguarensisCrenicichla jaguarensis
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla jaguarensis is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_jaguarensis
Crenicichla wallaciiCrenicichla wallacii
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla wallacii is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Essequibo River basin, Guyana. This ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_wallacii
Crenicichla lacustrisCrenicichla lacustris
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla lacustris is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the coastal drainages of southeastern and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_lacustris
Adaptive radiationAdaptive radiation
The cichlids of Lake Malawi constitute a "species flock" of up to 1000 endemic species. Only seven cichlid species in Lake ... El Paso, TX: Cichlid Press. pp. 8, 325-328. ISBN 978-1-932892-18-5. Konings, Ad (2016). Malawi Cichlids in their natural ... Many of Tanganyika's cichlids live very specialized lifestyles. The giant or emperor cichlid (Boulengerochromis microlepis) is ... Verduyn Cichlids. ISBN 90-800181-6-3. Konings, Ad (2015). Tanganyika Cichlids in their natural habitat, 3rd Edition. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_radiation
Crenicichla labrinaCrenicichla labrina
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla labrina is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin, in the lower ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_labrina
Neolamprologus pulcherNeolamprologus pulcher
Lee, David (27 November 2010). "Brichardi Cichlids". African Rift Lake Cichlids. Brough, Clarice. "Daffodil Cichlid". Animal- ... Like other Lamprologini cichlids, daffodil cichlids are highly variable and are found in all kinds of habitats. They are found ... Mixed parentage is not too uncommon in the daffodil cichlid. Genetic data collected in groups of daffodil cichlids from Lake ... Social status has significant effects on daffodil cichlid behavior. Within a group of breeding and helper cichlids, there ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolamprologus_pulcher
Crenicichla frenataCrenicichla frenata
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla frenata is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in Trinidad and northeastern Venezuela. This ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_frenata
Crenicichla vaillantiCrenicichla vaillanti
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla vaillanti is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Essequibo and Mana River basins. This ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_vaillanti
Crenicichla brasiliensisCrenicichla brasiliensis
Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ... Crenicichla brasiliensis is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Ceará, Paraíba, Rio Grande do ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crenicichla_brasiliensis
Vieja zonata, Oaxaca cichlidVieja zonata, Oaxaca cichlid
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Cichlasomatinae. Etymology: Vieja: Spanish, vieja = old ... Cichlids of North and Central America. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., USA. (Ref. 7335). ...
https://fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=26792&lang=russian
Login page | Cichlid Room CompanionLogin page | Cichlid Room Companion
Page to login into the Cichlid Room Companion ... Books Cichlid books and DVDs for sale at the Cichlid Room ... Highly respected and experienced aquarist, Pam has visited cichlid habitats around the world, and bred in hers and her husband ... E-books PDF copies of popular cichlid books offered for sale at the best price. ... Besides her job, she still devotes time to help any person with a cichlid question! ...
https://cichlidae.com/login.php?referer=/species_picture.php?id=25542
Koi angels.. | Cichlid Fish ForumKoi angels.. | Cichlid Fish Forum
Cichlid Fish Forum. A forum community dedicated to Cichlid Fish owners and enthusiasts. Come join the discussion about breeding ... Lake Malawi Species Aquarium Setup Lake Tanganyika Species Equipment & Supplies South American Cichlids ...
https://www.cichlid-forum.com/threads/koi-angels.226247/
Cichlids of the Rift Lakes - Scientific AmericanCichlids of the Rift Lakes - Scientific American
The extraordinary diversity of cichlid fishes challenges entrenched ideas of how quickly new species can arise ... Cichlids of the Rift Lakes. The extraordinary diversity of cichlid fishes challenges entrenched ideas of how quickly new ...
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/cichlids-of-the-rift-lakes/?error=cookies_not_supported&code=00e0fdf5-51ee-46a9-b8bc-fda8b64bffaa
Cichlid Marriage Ritual - FishCichlid Marriage Ritual - Fish
Cichlids have an interesting marriage ritual. Read on to discover if this sounds similar to any marriage ritual of any other ... species - like human beings, maybe? Well, maybe...hmmmmm... - Cichlid Marriage Ritual - Fish at BellaOnline ... Something similar is found in this very intelligent type of fish, the Cichlid! The male Cichlid will attack the female Cichlid ... Cichlids are egg-laying fish, but this does not stop them from a little romantic action in their own cichlidic way! Exactly ...
http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art48933.asp
CichlidsCichlids
Central American Cichlids. · Cichlids. · Clownfish. · Corals · Corydoras Catfish · Discus Fish · Dwarf Cichlids · Fish Diseases ... Discuss other cichlids such as African river cichlids, Lake Victoria cichlids and Asian cichlids. ... Lake Victoria Cichlids. · Livebearers. · Malawi Cichlids. · Marine Aquariums. · Marine Aquarium Fish. · Other Fish. · Pleco. · ... African Cichlids · Algae Control · Aquarium Decoration · Aquarium Resources. · Aquatic Plants. · Barb Fish · Betta Fish. · ...
http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/aquariumforum/forumdisplay.php?f=25&s=702f3e472bd6328dc12a200de8104dab
Mayan Cichlid - CollectionsMayan Cichlid - Collections
1101 results for Cichlasoma urophthalma (Mayan Cichlid). Download Data. Click here for listing in all states Results per page: ...
https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/CollectionInfo.aspx?SpeciesID=453&State=FL
Keyhole Cichlid | HowStuffWorksKeyhole Cichlid | HowStuffWorks
Find a profile and picture of the Keyhole Cichlid at HowStuffWorks. ... The Keyhole Cichlid has an irregular blotch on its side that resembles a keyhole. ... The Keyhole Cichlid grows to four inches and should be kept only with other peaceful fish. These very gentle, almost timid, ... The Keyhole Cichlid will eat all flake and freeze-dried foods and should have an occasional feeding of live brine shrimp. ...
https://animals.howstuffworks.com/pets/keyhole-cichlid.htm
Zebra Cichlids, Facts About Mbuna Pseudotropheus CichlidsZebra Cichlids, Facts About Mbuna Pseudotropheus Cichlids
... fish information for Pseudotropheus and rock-dwelling Malawi Cichlids, habitats, and keeping African cichlid tanks. ... Zebra Cichlids at Animal-World.com has types of cichlids known as Mbuna Cichlids, ... Zebra Cichlids. Lake Malawi Cichlids known as Zebra Cichlids. Fish information on the Mbuna Cichlids, habitats, and cichlids ... Fish Information for South American Cichlids, Central American Cichlids, and Dwarf Cichlids including cichlid care, cichlid ...
https://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/cichlid/MalawiZebraCichlids.php
cichlid jaws - Uncommon Descentcichlid jaws - Uncommon Descent
Tag: cichlid jaws. Evolution Intelligent Design Researchers: Cichlids are causing a rethink of the "fundamentals of evolution" ... Researcher: Remarkably, this constraint seems to be the key to cichlids success by promoting rapid shifts in jaw shapes and ... "The constraint is actually facilitating cichlid evolution, rather than impeding it," says Conith. ...
https://uncommondescent.com/tag/cichlid-jaws/
Wajpamheros nourissati, Bluemouth cichlidWajpamheros nourissati, Bluemouth cichlid
Diversity and evolution of the Middle American cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with revised classification. Verteb. Zool ...
https://fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=57857&lang=farsi
Bumblebee CichlidBumblebee Cichlid
... Pseudotropheus crabro If you would like to be among the first to know when this is available, please fill ...
https://liveaquaria.com/product/email_me.cfm?pcatid=2531&c=831+2531
Krobia itanyi, Dolphin cichlid : aquariumKrobia itanyi, Dolphin cichlid : aquarium
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Cichlasomatinae. Etymology: Krobia: Vernacular name of ... Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes ...
https://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12267&lang=vietnamese
Tag: cichlid fishes | Evolution NewsTag: cichlid fishes | Evolution News
If so, would you donate so it can continue? Help provide a platform for me and other scientists to keep telling the truth about Darwin and intelligent design in 2023. We rely completely on readers like you to make our articles possible. Can I count on your support?. Marcos Eberlin, PhD ...
https://evolutionnews.org/tag/cichlid-fishes/
The Cichlids of Nicaragua | Cichlid Room CompanionThe Cichlids of Nicaragua | Cichlid Room Companion
Narrated by one of the top Central American Cichlid authorities in the world, Willem Heijns, who spent hundreds of hours diving ... where sympatric evolution is leading their cichlid fauna in unsuspecting ways. ... and sailing the rivers and roads of this beautiful country, documenting and filming the fascinating Nicaragua cichlid fauna ... Books for sale Cichlid books and DVDs for sale at the Cichlid Room Companion. ...
https://cichlidae.com/article_bundles.php?id=3
Cichlid Flakes With ProbioticsCichlid Flakes With Probiotics
Rated 5 out of 5 by Fishgeek from My cichlids love it! Bought this food for my african cichlids, they love it! Date published: ... Cichlid Flakes With Probiotics is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 1. ... The link to Cichlid Flakes With Probiotics Fish Food has been ...
https://www.petsupermarket.com/fish/food/cichlid/cichlid-flakes-with-probiotics-fish-food/PSI00133.html
Sick Cichlids | 3reef Aquarium ForumsSick Cichlids | 3reef Aquarium Forums
Sick Cichlids Discussion in Fish Disease started by NY13a13eNY, Mar 19, 2005. ... I dont know much about cichlids particularly, but some things to check would be pH (they like about 8 right?), and nitrates - ...
http://www.3reef.com/threads/sick-cichlids.30001/
Peacock Cichlids | Cichlid Fish ForumPeacock Cichlids | Cichlid Fish Forum
I ended up being talked into getting Peacock Cichlids... ... Cichlid Fish Forum. A forum community dedicated to Cichlid Fish ... I ended up being talked into getting Peacock Cichlids, and upon further research I decided they were really cool. I got 7 ... Lake Malawi Species Aquarium Setup Lake Tanganyika Species Equipment & Supplies South American Cichlids ...
https://www.cichlid-forum.com/threads/peacock-cichlids.222831/
FAQs on Cichlid Systems 2
Cichlid Identification, Cichlid Behavior, Cichlid Compatibility, Cichlid Selection, Cichlid Feeding, Cichlid Disease, Cichlid ... FAQs on Cichlid Systems 2 Related Articles: Cichlid Fishes, Related FAQs: Cichlid Systems 1, Cichlids in General, ... Lots Of Cichlids In a Little Tank 1/19/06 I have a 30 gallon freshwater tank with 7 med- lrg cichlids in it. , Too many fish ... API GH Test Results... FW, cichlids of some sort sys. 2/22/08 I plan on using well water for a new 30 gallon cichlid tank due ...
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/FWSubWebIndex/cichlidsysfaq2.htm
Cichlid Research Home Page: Ron ColemanCichlid Research Home Page: Ron Coleman
Coleman R. (2001) Cichlids and Science: Bad Cichlids? Cichlid News 10(2):26-27. Available online Coleman R. (2001) Cichlids and ... Cichlid News 6(4):30-31. Available online Coleman R.M. (1997) The Cichlid Egg Project. MACK Attack (Mid-Atlantic Cichlid ... Cichlid News 8(2):32-33. Available online Coleman R. (1999) Cichlids of the Rio Puerto Viejo, Costa Rica. Cichlid News 8(1):6- ... Cichlid News 7(2):30-31. Available online Coleman R.M. (1998) Cichlids and Science: The Color Conundrum. Cichlid News 7(1):30- ...
http://cichlidresearch.com/aboutme.html
Contact Speaker - Spencer Jack | American Cichlid AssociationContact Speaker - Spencer Jack | American Cichlid Association
ACA members get access to "The Cichlid Room Companion" as part of their membership.. Read more… ... The Cichlid Room Companion. Local Show Sanctioning. Speakers program. Guy Jordan Research Fund. ...
https://cichlid.org/?page_id=539
PATCH 081/207] drm/amdgpu/mes: correct register offset for sienna cichlidPATCH 081/207] drm/amdgpu/mes: correct register offset for sienna cichlid
CICHLID: + WREG32_SOC15(GC, 0, mmCP_MES_IC_OP_CNTL_Sienna_Cichlid, data); + break; + default: + WREG32_SOC15(GC, 0, mmCP_MES_IC ... CICHLID: + WREG32_SOC15(GC, 0, mmCP_MES_IC_OP_CNTL_Sienna_Cichlid, data); + break; + default: + WREG32_SOC15(GC, 0, mmCP_MES_IC ... Cichlid 0x2820 +#define mmCP_MES_IC_OP_CNTL_Sienna_Cichlid_BASE_IDX 1 + MODULE_FIRMWARE(amdgpu/navi10_mes.bin); MODULE_ ... CICHLID: + data = RREG32_SOC15(GC, 0, mmCP_MES_IC_OP_CNTL_Sienna_Cichlid); + break; + default: + data = RREG32_SOC15(GC, 0, ...
https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/amd-gfx/2020-June/050044.html
Cichlids in Planted Tank? | The Planted Tank ForumCichlids in Planted Tank? | The Planted Tank Forum
I really like the idea of having a hardscaped/planted aquarium, probably 40-55 Gal, with cichlids. Ive read that... ... Looking at cichlids, compared to other fish, they first seem expensive but then the overall lifespan of the cichlids ifs often ... Ive read that cichlids can be a terror to plants though. Any suggestions on plant/cichlid pairings? ... Cichlids are highly intelligent fish, so we can use that if we agree to work with them instead of against them as many do. ...
https://www.plantedtank.net/threads/cichlids-in-planted-tank.1275833/
Aulonocara jacobfreibergi, Fairy cichlid : aquariumAulonocara jacobfreibergi, Fairy cichlid : aquarium
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae. Etymology: Aulonocara: Greek, aulos = ...
https://fishbase.se/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2184&lang=french
True Red Terror Medium Cichlid | Arizona Aquatic GardensTrue Red Terror Medium Cichlid | Arizona Aquatic Gardens
... including the Large Red Terror Cichlid. Click here! ... Cichlids - Flowerhorn Cichlids. *Cichlids - New World Cichlids ... New World Cichlids Aquarium Fish / South & Central American Cichlids / True Red Terror Medium Cichlid. ... SKU 786-1384 Category South & Central American Cichlids Tags Amphilophus festae (Ex-Cichlasoma festae), Festa Cichlid ... This cichlid is known to be one of the most aggressive cichlids available, but they are generally more docile when young and do ...
https://azgardens.com/product/true-red-terror-medium-cichlid/
Pure Water Pebbles African Cichlid Substrates, Malawi Mix, 20 lbs. | PetcoPure Water Pebbles African Cichlid Substrates, Malawi Mix, 20 lbs. | Petco
Substrates perfect for aquariums with African Cichlids. Harmful nitrates are reduced and proper pH levels are maintained. ... Pure Water Pebbles African Cichlid Substrates, Malawi Mix, 20 lbs. removed from the wishlist. ... Substrates perfect for aquariums with African Cichlids. Harmful nitrates are reduced and proper pH levels are maintained. ...
https://www.petco.com/shop/en/petcostore/product/pure-water-pebbles-african-cichlid-substrates
Greater Chicago Cichlid Association - Family Member
Greater Chicago Cichlid Associations a group of Chicago area cichlid hobbyists. Monthly meetings the second Sunday of each ... Our award-winning website which includes hundreds of articles, a cichlid classifieds allow you to find local fish for sale and ... Our award-winning website which includes hundreds of articles, a cichlid classifieds allow you to find local fish for sale and ... Our award-winning website which includes hundreds of articles, a cichlid classifieds allow you to find local fish for sale and ...
https://www.gcca.net/index.php/account/join-gcca/family-member
Ohio Cichlid Association
All Rights Reserved 2022, Ohio Cichlid Association - Admin Login , Website Development by Alt Media Studios ...
https://www.ohiocichlid.com/classifieds/julidochromis-regani-17040
Portraits of Nature by De Beers, Electric Cichlid necklace | De Beers AUPortraits of Nature by De Beers, Electric Cichlid necklace | De Beers AU
Electric Cichlid necklace from De Beers. Shop now and receive complimentary delivery. ...
https://www.debeers.com/en-au/portraits-of-nature-by-de-beers-electric-cichlid-necklace/N102148.html
Keeping African cichlidsFishesCichlidaeAngelfishOreochromisFreshwater FishDwarfHikari Cichlid GoldCentral American CichlidsDiscusType of cichlidTypes of cichlidsSpecies of cichlidPeacock CichlidsTanganyika CichlidsHabitatsLake VictoriaTropical FishAquariumsFiremouthTanksRoom CompanionEndemicMalawiGallon2000MbunaPelletsBehaviorCladeForumPeacefulKullander1958NeotropicalFlakeLifespanAfricanSearchAggressiveLabroideiSouth AmericanFaunaGenusAggressionNutritionallyBreedingEvolutionaryArticlesHobbyistsGenes
Keeping African cichlids1
  • Fish information on Peacock Cichlids, Aulonocara types of cichlids from Lake Malawi, their habitats and keeping African cichlids tanks. (animal-world.com)
Fishes8
  • Diversity and evolution of the Middle American cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with revised classification. (fishbase.org)
  • The closest living relatives of cichlids are probably the convict blennies and both families are classified in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World as the two families in the Cichliformes, part of the subseries Ovalentaria. (naturefootage.com)
  • Multilocus phylogeny and rapid radiations in Neotropical cichlid fishes (Perciformes: Cichlidae: Cichlinae). (semanticscholar.org)
  • A targeted-exon next-generation sequencing approach for investigating the evolutionary relationships of cichlid fishes (Cichlidae), with focus on the Neotropical subfamily Cichlinae using a set of 923 primarily single-copy exons designed through mining of the Nile tilapia genome. (semanticscholar.org)
  • In this report, we applied cytogenetic and genomic methods to investigate the organization of rRNA genes among cichlid fishes. (thefishsite.com)
  • Cichlids are a group of fishes that are of increasing scientific interest due to their rapid and convergent adaptive radiation, which has led to extensive ecological diversity. (thefishsite.com)
  • The Jewel Cichlid (Or its scientific name: Hemichromis Bimaculatus) is one of the more popular fishes from the cichlid family. (aqualandpetsplus.com)
  • METHODS: The African cichlid fishes Oreochromis mweruensis, Coptodon rendalli and Serranochromis macrocephalus were selected for the study, given their economic value and their abundance in the Upper Lufira River Basin. (bvsalud.org)
Cichlidae7
  • Cichlids /ˈsɪklɪdz/ are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes. (naturefootage.com)
  • Phylogenetic relationships of Middle American cichlids (Cichlidae, Heroini) based on combined evidence from nuclear genes, mtDNA, and morphology. (semanticscholar.org)
  • The simultaneous analysis of 6309 characters for 90 terminals resulted in the first well‐supported and resolved generic‐level phylogeny for Neotropical cichlids, supporting a Gondwanan origin for Cichlidae. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Exon-based phylogenomics strengthens the phylogeny of Neotropical cichlids and identifies remaining conflicting clades (Cichliformes: Cichlidae: Cichlinae). (semanticscholar.org)
  • Phylogeny and biogeography of 91 species of heroine cichlids (Teleostei: Cichlidae) based on sequences of the cytochrome b gene. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • They belong to the family Cichlidae along with many other types of Cichlids . (everythingfishkeeping.com)
  • practicum papers 1 cichlidae cichlids. (omnomnomnom.com)
Angelfish4
  • Do you like the regal look of angelfish as a starter cichlid? (plantedtank.net)
  • This natural diet rich in phytoplankton which PE® Mysis prey upon is what makes PE® Mysis such an ideal food for omnivorous Cichlids, Discus and Angelfish. (mysis.com)
  • PE® Mysis Flakes - Cichlid fish food is an ideal food for a variety of African Cichlids and South American Cichlids including Angelfish and Discus fish. (mysis.com)
  • Dwarf cichlids, discus, angelfish and well as African rift lake cichilds are common sights in our tanks. (aquaticquotient.com)
Oreochromis2
  • Mercury accumulation profile and their modification by interaction with cadmium and lead in the soft tissues of the cichlid Oreochromis aureus . (cdc.gov)
  • The effect of different doses of anti-estrogenic chemical was studied in a cichlid Oreochromis niloticus on mortality, growth, sexual development and sex differentiation. (who.int)
Freshwater Fish1
  • However, one of the more underrated choices of fish to add to your tank is the Jewel Cichlid, these colorful freshwater fish are a fun and very unique choice for your aquarium and are visually stunning! (aqualandpetsplus.com)
Dwarf6
  • Fish information and habitats for Dwarf Cichlid aquariums, includes types of cichlids like the Ram Cichlids, Kribensis and more. (animal-world.com)
  • Fish information on habitats and keeping African cichlid tanks for Lake Victoria Cichlids, Mbipi rock-dwelling cichlids, East and West African Cichlids, and African Dwarf Cichlids. (animal-world.com)
  • Fish Information for South American Cichlids, Central American Cichlids, and Dwarf Cichlids including cichlid care, cichlid breeding, and fish diseases for South American cichlid aquariums. (animal-world.com)
  • Remember, lots of cichlids come from soft water habitats, most famously Discus and Angels, but also Acara, almost all Dwarf Cichlids, and West African species like Jewels and Kribs, and these would HATE being kept in an aquarium with alkaline rocks and sand! (wetwebmedia.com)
  • A dwarf mbuna cichlid that gets to about 3.4 inches as adults. (fishlore.com)
  • Due to its size, it is considered a dwarf Cichlid of South America and feeds primarily on small snails by grinding the shell with special teeth located in the area of its pharynx. (boliviabella.com)
Hikari Cichlid Gold1
  • Hikari Cichlid Gold contains special color enhancers designed to bring out the natural beauty and proper form of cichlids and other larger tropical fish. (petmountain.com)
Central American Cichlids2
  • Most smaller South & Central american cichlids do well with planted tanks. (plantedtank.net)
  • TetraCichlid flakes are ideal for top and mid-water feeding cichlids, including South American and Central American Cichlids and all African Cichlids. (petland.ca)
Discus2
  • Available in a variety of pellet sizes for small to large cichlids as well as oscars and discus. (petsuppliesplace.com)
  • PE Cichlid Flakes: A nutritionally complete and color-enhancing diet for cichlds & discus. (mysis.com)
Type of cichlid2
  • Re: Pregnant Platy sorry Neal, wrong type of cichlid! (wetwebmedia.com)
  • It certainly can be done but it helps a lot if you get to know the specific type of cichlid and what they most likely will and won't do. (plantedtank.net)
Types of cichlids5
  • Fish information and habitats for large Cichlid aquariums, types of cichlids like the Parrot Cichlid, Firemouth cichlid, Green Terror, Oscar, Texas Cichlid and more. (animal-world.com)
  • Fish information on the Lake Malawi Cichlids known as the "Haps", Haplochromis group habitats and cichlids tanks for free-swimming types of cichlids, including the Utaka. (animal-world.com)
  • Fish information on the types of cichlids from Lake Tanganyika, Tropheus Cichlids, Frontosa, Goby Cichlids, Shelldwellers and more, habitats and cichlids tanks for Tanganyika Cichlids. (animal-world.com)
  • Fish information on the Mbuna Cichlids, habitats, and cichlids tanks for these rock-dwelling types of cichlids. (animal-world.com)
  • Great for all types of cichlids and larger tropical fish. (petmountain.com)
Species of cichlid1
  • a new species of cichlid fish from the Río de La Plata region in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. (mnhn.fr)
Peacock Cichlids1
  • I ended up being talked into getting Peacock Cichlids, and upon further research I decided they were really cool. (cichlid-forum.com)
Tanganyika Cichlids1
  • A pH of 6 is lovely for most South American and West African cichlids but is too low for Malawi and Tanganyika cichlids, which need it above 7.5 and for Tanganyikans, they really prefer a pH over 8. (swelluk.com)
Habitats1
  • Highly respected and experienced aquarist, Pam has visited cichlid habitats around the world, and bred in her's and her husband Gary fish house hundreds of cichlid species. (cichlidae.com)
Lake Victoria1
  • Discuss other cichlids such as African river cichlids, Lake Victoria cichlids and Asian cichlids. (aquaticcommunity.com)
Tropical Fish2
  • Jewel Cichlids are tropical fish, so in order to help replicate their natural habitat their natural environment, you'll mainly be focusing on ensuring that the water is kept at a warm temperature. (aqualandpetsplus.com)
  • As tropical fish, the Geophagus cichlid prefers water temperatures revolving around 76 to 84 F. In the wild, they will remain comfortable in even higher temperatures, up to 88 F. (smartaquariumguide.com)
Aquariums2
  • Substrates perfect for aquariums with African Cichlids. (petco.com)
  • So it's common practice to use specialist cichlid substrates that buffer or even marine substrates like coral sand in Lake Malawi and Lake Tanganyika cichlid aquariums. (swelluk.com)
Firemouth1
Tanks4
  • Actually, it isn't 'cichlids' in the general sense that will work in tanks with marine-grade sand and rocks. (wetwebmedia.com)
  • But what is 100% true is that cichlids from hard water environments will do extremely well in tanks with tufa rock and aragonitic sand. (wetwebmedia.com)
  • There are many who report that cichlids dig too much for planted tanks. (plantedtank.net)
  • Choose limestone , tufa rock, Ocean rock or dry reef rock, all of which will help to maintain a high pH and hardness in freshwater tanks and if you use white rocks with light coloured coral sand and combine with bright blue and yellow Malawi cichlids you can create a dazzling "pseudo" marine tank with all the colour but none of the hassle of saltwater fish. (swelluk.com)
Room Companion2
  • Books Cichlid books and DVDs for sale at the Cichlid Room Companion. (cichlidae.com)
  • ACA members get access to "The Cichlid Room Companion" as part of their membership. (cichlid.org)
Endemic1
  • Their stay at Kasaba Bay in Sumbu National Park is an important date in the history of the exploration of the lake-in those days, they discovered numerous colorful cichlids endemic to Zambia, and among them were many attractive Tropheus populations that were previously unknown (Staeck, 1975). (tfhmagazine.com)
Malawi10
  • Lake Malawi Cichlids known as Zebra Cichlids. (animal-world.com)
  • These are the cichlids from Lake Tanganyika, from Lake Malawi, and from Central America. (wetwebmedia.com)
  • Cichlids are particularly well known for having evolved rapidly into a large number of closely related but morphologically diverse species within large lakes, particularly Tanganyika, Victoria, Malawi, and Edward. (naturefootage.com)
  • Pure Water Pebbles African Cichlid Substrates, Malawi Mix, 20 lbs. (petco.com)
  • Photo #1 - 110 Gallon, Assorted Malawi Cichlids. (ratemyfishtank.com)
  • Metriaclima Lombardoi (kenyi cichlid) are beautiful sweet looking cichlids from Lake Malawi Africa. (fishlore.com)
  • I've kept fish for years but I recently bought a tank and it came with 12 baby Malawi cichlids, a green severum and what I think is a black bullhead catfish. (fishforums.net)
  • You need to rehome the severum if you want to keep the Malawi cichlids. (fishforums.net)
  • They were low compared to previous estimates in mollusks, but comparable to those in recently diversifying Malawi cichlids and other taxa at an early stage of speciation. (datadryad.org)
  • Particularly noteworthy are the cichlids, with nearly 400 species native to Lake Malawi. (freshlypressed.ng)
Gallon1
  • Whilst some guides may recommend a 30-gallon tank at a minimum, the general guidance for a tank size for a Jewel Cichlid is 40 gallons, this will allow your fish to acclimatize a lot easier and the extra space will also help to give him the space they need. (aqualandpetsplus.com)
20002
Mbuna1
  • The African cichlids known as mbuna (rock fish) will often do lots of digging under the edges of rocks but very little when we use wood or rocks to place the plants higher. (plantedtank.net)
Pellets2
  • Aqueon Cichlid Pellets are made with premium ingredients, like shrimp meal, to attract the most finicky cichlids. (petsuppliesplace.com)
  • Hikari Sinking Cichlid Gold Mini Pellets make a complete and balanced color-enhancing daily diet. (petmountain.com)
Behavior8
  • The wonderful underwater world of the Nicaraguan crater lakes, where sympatric evolution is leading their cichlid fauna in unsuspecting ways, by one of the top Central American Cichlid authorities in the world, Willem Heijns, who spent hundreds of hours filming this behavior of this fascinating fauna. (cichlidae.com)
  • Observations in aquarium of the complex and still poorly understood cichlid fauna of the wonderful Nicaraguan crater-lakes, with descriptions of first time observed behavior for some of the species, through the glass clearly! (cichlidae.com)
  • I love a challenge and that makes cichlids and their behavior a must for my interests. (plantedtank.net)
  • This cichlid has 2 primary features that render it unique in its genre: the bottom-feeding behavior and its peaceful temperament. (smartaquariumguide.com)
  • This is probably the coolest cichlid you can find, as it displays no territorial behavior, and you can pair it with any fish species. (smartaquariumguide.com)
  • This means that plecos are not out of the question, despite displaying the same bottom-feeding and substrate-lurking behavior as the cichlid. (smartaquariumguide.com)
  • Fortunately, the cichlid itself will contribute to keeping the tank cleaner thanks to its scavenging behavior, but you should rely on that alone. (smartaquariumguide.com)
  • This behavior is incompatible with a large-grain substrate, consisting of rocks and particles too large for the cichlid to take in its mouth. (smartaquariumguide.com)
Clade2
  • The hypothesis that morphological differentiation of geophagine lineages occurred rapidly as part of an adaptive radiation is supported and the subfamily is made the most diverse and ecologically versatile clade of cichlids outside the African great lakes. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Upon acceptance of all putative genera, as recovered in this study, the Heroini would be with 35 genera the most genus-rich clade of Neotropical cichlids. (unboundmedicine.com)
Forum1
  • A forum community dedicated to Cichlid Fish owners and enthusiasts. (cichlid-forum.com)
Peaceful2
  • The Keyhole Cichlid grows to four inches and should be kept only with other peaceful fish. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Peaceful by cichlid standards, but can hold its own with feisty fish. (wetwebmedia.com)
Kullander1
  • The Chiquitano cichlid ( Bujurquina oenolaemus ) was discovered by Sven Kullander in 1987. (boliviabella.com)
19582
  • Dicrossus (nee Crenicara ) filamentosus (Ladiges 1958), the Chess/Checkerboard Cichlid. (wetwebmedia.com)
  • In 1958, exactly half a century ago, the first live cichlids from the genus Tropheus were imported as aquarium fish into Europe. (tfhmagazine.com)
Neotropical1
  • Heroine cichlids are the second largest and very diverse tribe of Neotropical cichlids, and the only cichlid group that inhabits Mesoamerica. (unboundmedicine.com)
Flake2
  • The Keyhole Cichlid will eat all flake and freeze-dried foods and should have an occasional feeding of live brine shrimp. (howstuffworks.com)
  • PE® Flake foods for Cichlid fish are an extremely palatable, and nutritionally complete fish food flake diet designed to enhance coloration and induce an energetic feeding response in all varieties of Cichlids. (mysis.com)
Lifespan1
  • On average, the lifespan for a Jewel Cichlid is around 5 years, there have been some instances in captivity where they have lived up to 7 years, but this is rare. (aqualandpetsplus.com)
African5
  • So the question, after keeping and breeding African cichlids, what can I do to make the tank look less like a giant pile of rocks! (plantedtank.net)
  • Before you remove it African cichlids require very hard water so they may be necessary. (fishforums.net)
  • 2nd yhing severum is a South American cichlid that needs soft water and malwai african cichlids that needs very hard water. (fishforums.net)
  • That's a big change for any fish, even hardy fish like African cichlids. (swelluk.com)
  • What makes this species special is that they are a cross between two other African Cichlids (Blood Parrot Cichlid and Red Devil Cichlid). (everythingfishkeeping.com)
Search2
  • Early in 1975, another group of German aquarists went to the southern part of the lake to search for new Tanganyikan cichlids in Zambia. (tfhmagazine.com)
  • This cichlid will patrol its environment quite thoroughly in search of food, so it needs its space to do so. (smartaquariumguide.com)
Aggressive4
  • This cichlid is known to be one of the most aggressive cichlids available, but they are generally more docile when young and do not come out of their shell until they are around 6" or larger. (azgardens.com)
  • These Kenyi cichlids are extrememly aggressive fish. (fishlore.com)
  • Gets to around 5 inches in size and considered one of the less aggressive cichlids. (fishlore.com)
  • Cichlids are generally territorial and aggressive, with some species taking these qualities to their extremes. (smartaquariumguide.com)
Labroidei2
  • Cichlids were traditionally classed in a suborder, Labroidei, along with the wrasses (Labridae), in the order Perciformes but molecular studies have contradicted this grouping. (naturefootage.com)
  • PDF] Molecular phylogeny and evidence for an adaptive radiation of geophagine cichlids from South America (Perciformes: Labroidei). (semanticscholar.org)
South American1
  • South American Cichlids I have/have had that can be with plants ( with certain qualifications of type depending on species). (plantedtank.net)
Fauna2
  • The rivers and lakes of Nicaragua, with the wonderful underwater world of the Nicaraguan crater lakes, where sympatric evolution is leading their cichlid fauna in unsuspecting ways. (cichlidae.com)
  • In this context, we decided to record the monogenean parasite fauna of three cichlid species found in the Upper Lufira River Basin for the first time by inventorizing their diversity (species composition) and analysing their infection parameters (prevalence, mean intensity and abundance). (bvsalud.org)
Genus2
  • Although many interesting and colorful cichlids are regularly imported from Lake Tanganyika, hobbyists who specialize in these fish have always focused on the genus Tropheus. (tfhmagazine.com)
  • The genus (Bujurquina) makes reference to "bujurqui", a native word by which Cichlids are referred to in Peru. (boliviabella.com)
Aggression3
  • Learn about the causes of cichlid aggression and methods for reducing it. (ratemyfishtank.com)
  • Perhaps the most well-known trait of the Jewel Cichlid is its aggression, managing this aggression is the key to ownership of these fish and can be quite a task, which will be covered further on in this guide. (aqualandpetsplus.com)
  • Finding the right tank size is one of the most important things to factor in when caring for your Jewel Cichlid, as their aggression and stress can stem from being in too small of a tank. (aqualandpetsplus.com)
Nutritionally1
  • TetraCichlid™ Flakes provide a nutritionally balanced diet for all cichlids. (petland.ca)
Breeding2
  • For example, both the Angel Fish and the Egyptian Mouthbreeder are Cichlids although they look very different from one another and have very different breeding habits! (bellaonline.com)
  • Humans have spent years breeding them and people pay big bucks for these Cichlids. (everythingfishkeeping.com)
Evolutionary2
  • Cichlids , are nature's gift to the evolutionary biologist. (cichlidresearch.com)
  • By applying cytogenetic and genomic methods, Rafael T Nakajima et al, Sao Paulo State University, look at the evolutionary dynamics of rRNA gene clusters in cichlid fish. (thefishsite.com)
Articles1
  • Articles Beautifully formatted and wonderfully illustrated PDF articles about all matters relative to cichlids. (cichlidae.com)
Hobbyists1
  • Tropheus species are also not cheap, but this seems to be a particular incentive for some hobbyists to buy these cichlids. (tfhmagazine.com)
Genes1
  • The data obtained were comparatively analyzed with previously published information related to the mapping of rRNA genes in cichlids. (thefishsite.com)
News & Articles | Cichlid Fish Forum
News & Articles | Cichlid Fish Forum (cichlid-forum.com)
Apparent Death in Predatory Cichlids | EARTH A New Wild | PBS LearningMedia
Apparent Death in Predatory Cichlids | EARTH A New Wild | PBS LearningMedia (pbslearningmedia.org)
Login page | Cichlid Room Companion
Login page | Cichlid Room Companion (cichlidae.com)
Crystal Parrot Cichlid [ Male ] -0017 | Flowerhorns For Sale
Crystal Parrot Cichlid [ Male ] -0017 | Flowerhorns For Sale (j4flowerhorns.com)
Angel, Silver | Mike's Cichlids Inc.
Angel, Silver | Mike's Cichlids Inc. (mikescichlids.com)
Anubias nana | Cunningham Cichlids, LLC
Anubias nana | Cunningham Cichlids, LLC (cunninghamcichlids.com)
Lethrinops, Red Cap | Mike's Cichlids Inc.
Lethrinops, Red Cap | Mike's Cichlids Inc. (mikescichlids.com)
Orange Sakura Shrimp | Cunningham Cichlids, LLC
Orange Sakura Shrimp | Cunningham Cichlids, LLC (cunninghamcichlids.com)
Hikari-cichlid-staple
Hikari-cichlid-staple (q-markpet.com)
Cichlid��s - Rechercher
Cichlid��s - Rechercher (aqua51.forumactif.com)
Green phantom pleco (L200) | Cunningham Cichlids, LLC
Green phantom pleco (L200) | Cunningham Cichlids, LLC (cunninghamcichlids.com)
Champsochromis caerulus Trout 4 | Mike's Cichlids Inc.
Champsochromis caerulus "Trout" 4" | Mike's Cichlids Inc. (mikescichlids.com)
Protomelas Ndiwe Fire Blue Hap | Mike's Cichlids Inc.
Protomelas Ndiwe Fire Blue Hap | Mike's Cichlids Inc. (mikescichlids.com)
Angel, Gold Pearlscale Non-Veil | Mike's Cichlids Inc.
Angel, Gold Pearlscale Non-Veil | Mike's Cichlids Inc. (mikescichlids.com)
Electric Blue Ram Cichlid Archives - Michael's Fish Room
Electric Blue Ram Cichlid Archives - Michael's Fish Room (michaelsfishroom.com)
HIKARI / CICHLID GOLD (LARGE) 8.8OZ | CMA Aquatics
HIKARI / CICHLID GOLD (LARGE) 8.8OZ | CMA Aquatics (cmaaquatics.com)
Comida alimento peces New Life Spectrum SPECTRUM CICHLID FORMULA 250g
Comida alimento peces New Life Spectrum SPECTRUM CICHLID FORMULA 250g (cicliten.com)
Keyhole Cichlid | HowStuffWorks
Keyhole Cichlid | HowStuffWorks (animals.howstuffworks.com)
It's Thursday already! | The Reef Tank
It's Thursday already! | The Reef Tank (thereeftank.com)
Search Results - Aquarium Forum
Search Results - Aquarium Forum (aquaticcommunity.com)
Great American Interchange - Wikipedia
Great American Interchange - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
New Life Spectrum Cichlid Color Enhancing Fish Food Pellets 300g | 🐟Pure Fish Works🐟
New Life Spectrum Cichlid Color Enhancing Fish Food Pellets 300g | 🐟Pure Fish Works🐟 (purefishworks.com)
Heroina | Cichlid Room Companion
Heroina | Cichlid Room Companion (cichlidae.com)
D&E's cichlids | BAND
D&E's cichlids | BAND (band.us)
Angel, Gold Head Marble | Mike's Cichlids Inc.
Angel, Gold Head Marble | Mike's Cichlids Inc. (mikescichlids.com)
Malawi Cichlids | Animals | Discover | Blue Planet Aquarium
Malawi Cichlids | Animals | Discover | Blue Planet Aquarium (blueplanetaquarium.com)
Ophthalmotilapia | Cichlid Room Companion
Ophthalmotilapia | Cichlid Room Companion (cichlidae.com)
OB Peacock Archives - Arizona Aquatic Gardens
OB Peacock Archives - Arizona Aquatic Gardens (azgardens.com)
I need your help settingup a new tank - The Cichlid Room Companion
I need your help settingup a new tank - The Cichlid Room Companion (cichlidae.com)
Freshwater Fish Photos Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free Images - iStock
Freshwater Fish Photos Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free Images - iStock (istockphoto.com)
Freshwater Tropical Fish Articles | TFH Magazine
Freshwater Tropical Fish Articles | TFH Magazine (tfhmagazine.com)
Viviparity stimulates diversification in an order of fish | Nature Communications
Viviparity stimulates diversification in an order of fish | Nature Communications (nature.com)
295,687 Aquarium Stock Photos and Images - 123RF
295,687 Aquarium Stock Photos and Images - 123RF (123rf.com)
General Marine / Newbie | AquariaCentral.com
General Marine / Newbie | AquariaCentral.com (aquariacentral.com)
Cichlid | Tetra®
Cichlid | Tetra® (tetra-fish.com)
Dwarf Agassizii Flame Red: Tropical Fish for Freshwater Aquariums
Dwarf Agassizii Flame Red: Tropical Fish for Freshwater Aquariums (liveaquaria.com)
Tag: cardinalfish | Reef Builders | The Reef and Saltwater Aquarium Blog
Tag: cardinalfish | Reef Builders | The Reef and Saltwater Aquarium Blog (reefbuilders.com)