Chronic spinal. Medical search

Spinal Cord Injuries: Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g., WOUNDS, GUNSHOT; WHIPLASH INJURIES; etc.).Spinal Cord: A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER.Cordotomy: Any operation on the spinal cord. (Stedman, 26th ed)Muscle Spasticity: A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a "free interval") followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p54)Chronic Disease: Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)Injections, Spinal: Introduction of therapeutic agents into the spinal region using a needle and syringe.Anterior Horn Cells: MOTOR NEURONS in the anterior (ventral) horn of the SPINAL CORD which project to SKELETAL MUSCLES.Spasm: An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.Paraplegia: Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness.Quadriplegia: Severe or complete loss of motor function in all four limbs which may result from BRAIN DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; or rarely MUSCULAR DISEASES. The locked-in syndrome is characterized by quadriplegia in combination with cranial muscle paralysis. Consciousness is spared and the only retained voluntary motor activity may be limited eye movements. This condition is usually caused by a lesion in the upper BRAIN STEM which injures the descending cortico-spinal and cortico-bulbar tracts.Reflex, Abnormal: An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes.Electromyography: Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.Decerebrate State: A condition characterized by abnormal posturing of the limbs that is associated with injury to the brainstem. This may occur as a clinical manifestation or induced experimentally in animals. The extensor reflexes are exaggerated leading to rigid extension of the limbs accompanied by hyperreflexia and opisthotonus. This condition is usually caused by lesions which occur in the region of the brainstem that lies between the red nuclei and the vestibular nuclei. In contrast, decorticate rigidity is characterized by flexion of the elbows and wrists with extension of the legs and feet. The causative lesion for this condition is located above the red nuclei and usually consists of diffuse cerebral damage. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p358)Spinal Cord Diseases: Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.Spinal Diseases Spinal Nerve Roots: Paired bundles of NERVE FIBERS entering and leaving the SPINAL CORD at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots are efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and PREGANGLIONIC AUTONOMIC FIBERS.Motor Neurons: Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.Reflex: An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.Zygapophyseal Joint: The joint that occurs between facets of the interior and superior articular processes of adjacent VERTEBRAE.Spine: The spinal or vertebral column.Sacrum: Five fused VERTEBRAE forming a triangle-shaped structure at the back of the PELVIS. It articulates superiorly with the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, inferiorly with the COCCYX, and anteriorly with the ILIUM of the PELVIS. The sacrum strengthens and stabilizes the PELVIS.Urination: Discharge of URINE, liquid waste processed by the KIDNEY, from the body.Thoracic Vertebrae: A group of twelve VERTEBRAE connected to the ribs that support the upper trunk region.Urinary Bladder: A musculomembranous sac along the URINARY TRACT. URINE flows from the KIDNEYS into the bladder via the ureters (URETER), and is held there until URINATION.Locomotion: Movement or the ability to move from one place or another. It can refer to humans, vertebrate or invertebrate animals, and microorganisms.Back Pain: Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions.Wheelchairs: Chairs mounted on wheels and designed to be propelled by the occupant.Spinal Nerves: The 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment. The spinal nerve plexuses and the spinal roots are also included.Cats: The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)Anesthesia, Spinal: Procedure in which an anesthetic is injected directly into the spinal cord.Cervical Vertebrae: The first seven VERTEBRAE of the SPINAL COLUMN, which correspond to the VERTEBRAE of the NECK.Tail Lumbosacral Region: Region of the back including the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, SACRUM, and nearby structures.Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic: Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES.Injections, Epidural: The injection of drugs, most often analgesics, into the spinal canal without puncturing the dura mater.Spinal Cord Neoplasms: Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary neoplasms) or in the space between the dura and spinal cord (intradural extramedullary neoplasms). The majority of intramedullary spinal tumors are primary CNS neoplasms including ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; and LIPOMA. Intramedullary neoplasms are often associated with SYRINGOMYELIA. The most frequent histologic types of intradural-extramedullary tumors are MENINGIOMA and NEUROFIBROMA.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Spinal Canal: The cavity within the SPINAL COLUMN through which the SPINAL CORD passes.Pain Management: A form of therapy that employs a coordinated and interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those experiencing pain.Mononeuropathies: Disease or trauma involving a single peripheral nerve in isolation, or out of proportion to evidence of diffuse peripheral nerve dysfunction. Mononeuropathy multiplex refers to a condition characterized by multiple isolated nerve injuries. Mononeuropathies may result from a wide variety of causes, including ISCHEMIA; traumatic injury; compression; CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES; CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS; and other conditions.Spinal Cord Compression: Acute and chronic conditions characterized by external mechanical compression of the SPINAL CORD due to extramedullary neoplasm; EPIDURAL ABSCESS; SPINAL FRACTURES; bony deformities of the vertebral bodies; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations vary with the anatomic site of the lesion and may include localized pain, weakness, sensory loss, incontinence, and impotence.Recovery of Function: A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.Electric Stimulation: Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.Electric Stimulation Therapy: Application of electric current in treatment without the generation of perceptible heat. It includes electric stimulation of nerves or muscles, passage of current into the body, or use of interrupted current of low intensity to raise the threshold of the skin to pain.Spinal Neoplasms Hindlimb: Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73)Spinal Stenosis: Narrowing of the spinal canal.Lumbar Vertebrae: VERTEBRAE in the region of the lower BACK below the THORACIC VERTEBRAE and above the SACRAL VERTEBRAE.Spinal Fusion: Operative immobilization or ankylosis of two or more vertebrae by fusion of the vertebral bodies with a short bone graft or often with diskectomy or laminectomy. (From Blauvelt & Nelson, A Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 5th ed, p236; Dorland, 28th ed)Nerve Block: Interruption of NEURAL CONDUCTION in peripheral nerves or nerve trunks by the injection of a local anesthetic agent (e.g., LIDOCAINE; PHENOL; BOTULINUM TOXINS) to manage or treat pain.5-Hydroxytryptophan: The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.Pain: An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.Spinal Injuries: Injuries involving the vertebral column.Muscular Atrophy, Spinal: A group of disorders marked by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resulting in weakness and muscular atrophy, usually without evidence of injury to the corticospinal tracts. Diseases in this category include Werdnig-Hoffmann disease and later onset SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD, most of which are hereditary. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1089)Pain Measurement: Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.Chronic Pain: Aching sensation that persists for more than a few months. It may or may not be associated with trauma or disease, and may persist after the initial injury has healed. Its localization, character, and timing are more vague than with acute pain.Exercise Therapy: A regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed for specific therapeutic goals. Its purpose is to restore normal musculoskeletal function or to reduce pain caused by diseases or injuries.Muscle, Skeletal: A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.Ankle: The region of the lower limb between the FOOT and the LEG.Spinal Cord Ischemia: Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior spinal arteries. This condition may be associated with ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, trauma, emboli, diseases of the aorta, and other disorders. Prolonged ischemia may lead to INFARCTION of spinal cord tissue.Motor Activity: The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.Ganglia, Spinal: Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain.Anesthetics, Local: Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fiber. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. (From Gilman AG, et. al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed) Nearly all local anesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate.Weight-Bearing: The physical state of supporting an applied load. This often refers to the weight-bearing bones or joints that support the body's weight, especially those in the spine, hip, knee, and foot.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Neuronal Plasticity: The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations.Posture: The position or attitude of the body.Tuberculosis, Spinal: Osteitis or caries of the vertebrae, usually occurring as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Evidence-Based Medicine: An approach of practicing medicine with the goal to improve and evaluate patient care. It requires the judicious integration of best research evidence with the patient's values to make decisions about medical care. This method is to help physicians make proper diagnosis, devise best testing plan, choose best treatment and methods of disease prevention, as well as develop guidelines for large groups of patients with the same disease. (from JAMA 296 (9), 2006)Electrophysiology: The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.Walking: An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking.Laminectomy: A surgical procedure that entails removing all (laminectomy) or part (laminotomy) of selected vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the SPINAL CORD and/or SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Vertebral lamina is the thin flattened posterior wall of vertebral arch that forms the vertebral foramen through which pass the spinal cord and nerve roots.Spinal Curvatures: Deformities of the SPINE characterized by abnormal bending or flexure in the vertebral column. They may be bending forward (KYPHOSIS), backward (LORDOSIS), or sideway (SCOLIOSIS).Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal: A rare epidural hematoma in the spinal epidural space, usually due to a vascular malformation (CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS) or TRAUMA. Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a neurologic emergency due to a rapidly evolving compressive MYELOPATHY.Posterior Horn Cells: Neurons in the SPINAL CORD DORSAL HORN whose cell bodies and processes are confined entirely to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. They receive collateral or direct terminations of dorsal root fibers. They send their axons either directly to ANTERIOR HORN CELLS or to the WHITE MATTER ascending and descending longitudinal fibers.Leg: The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.Analysis of Variance: A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.Action Potentials: Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.Muscle Contraction: A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood: A group of recessively inherited diseases that feature progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. They are classified as type I (Werdnig-Hoffman disease), type II (intermediate form), and type III (Kugelberg-Welander disease). Type I is fatal in infancy, type II has a late infantile onset and is associated with survival into the second or third decade. Type III has its onset in childhood, and is slowly progressive. (J Med Genet 1996 Apr:33(4):281-3)Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials: Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransmission. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can singly or in summation reach the trigger threshold for ACTION POTENTIALS.Spinal Fractures: Broken bones in the vertebral column.Spinal Cord Regeneration: Repair of the damaged neuron function after SPINAL CORD INJURY or SPINAL CORD DISEASES.Acute Disease: Disease having a short and relatively severe course.Sodium Channels: Ion channels that specifically allow the passage of SODIUM ions. A variety of specific sodium channel subtypes are involved in serving specialized functions such as neuronal signaling, CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, and KIDNEY function.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Cross-Sectional Studies: Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal: Nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve. It is divided cytoarchitectonically into three parts: oralis, caudalis (TRIGEMINAL CAUDAL NUCLEUS), and interpolaris.Hyperalgesia: An increased sensation of pain or discomfort produced by mimimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft tissue containing NOCICEPTORS or injury to a peripheral nerve.Manipulation, Spinal: Adjustment and manipulation of the vertebral column.Myelography: X-ray visualization of the spinal cord following injection of contrast medium into the spinal arachnoid space.Neuralgia: Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.Axons: Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body.Epidural Space: Space between the dura mater and the walls of the vertebral canal.Spinal Puncture: Tapping fluid from the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region, usually between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae.Nerve Regeneration: Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue.Nociceptors: Peripheral AFFERENT NEURONS which are sensitive to injuries or pain, usually caused by extreme thermal exposures, mechanical forces, or other noxious stimuli. Their cell bodies reside in the DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA. Their peripheral terminals (NERVE ENDINGS) innervate target tissues and transduce noxious stimuli via axons to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.Myelitis: Inflammation of the spinal cord. Relatively common etiologies include infections; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; SPINAL CORD; and ischemia (see also SPINAL CORD VASCULAR DISEASES). Clinical features generally include weakness, sensory loss, localized pain, incontinence, and other signs of autonomic dysfunction.Scoliosis: An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed)Spinal Cord Stimulation: Application of electric current to the spine for treatment of a variety of conditions involving innervation from the spinal cord.Neurons: The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.Afferent Pathways: Nerve structures through which impulses are conducted from a peripheral part toward a nerve center.Paralysis: A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)Decompression, Surgical: A surgical operation for the relief of pressure in a body compartment or on a body part. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Spinal Dysraphism: Congenital defects of closure of one or more vertebral arches, which may be associated with malformations of the spinal cord, nerve roots, congenital fibrous bands, lipomas, and congenital cysts. These malformations range from mild (e.g., SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA) to severe, including rachischisis where there is complete failure of neural tube and spinal cord fusion, resulting in exposure of the spinal cord at the surface. Spinal dysraphism includes all forms of spina bifida. The open form is called SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA and the closed form is SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p34)Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal: Subdural hematoma of the SPINAL CANAL.Neurons, Afferent: Neurons which conduct NERVE IMPULSES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.Physical Stimulation: Act of eliciting a response from a person or organism through physical contact.Spinal Osteophytosis: Outgrowth of immature bony processes or bone spurs (OSTEOPHYTE) from the VERTEBRAE, reflecting the presence of degenerative disease and calcification. It commonly occurs in cervical and lumbar SPONDYLOSIS.Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein: A SMN complex protein that is essential for the function of the SMN protein complex. In humans the protein is encoded by a single gene found near the inversion telomere of a large inverted region of CHROMOSOME 5. Mutations in the gene coding for survival of motor neuron 1 protein may result in SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHIES OF CHILDHOOD.Interneurons: Most generally any NEURONS which are not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose AXONS remain within a particular brain region in contrast to projection neurons, which have axons projecting to other brain regions.Dura Mater: The outermost of the three MENINGES, a fibrous membrane of connective tissue that covers the brain and the spinal cord.Cauda Equina: The lower part of the SPINAL CORD consisting of the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerve roots.Analgesics: Compounds capable of relieving pain without the loss of CONSCIOUSNESS.Lampreys: Common name for the only family (Petromyzontidae) of eellike fish in the order Petromyzontiformes. They are jawless but have a sucking mouth with horny teeth.Spinal Cord Vascular Diseases: Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS feeding the SPINAL CORD, such as the anterior and paired posterior spinal arteries or their many branches. Disease processes may include ATHEROSCLEROSIS; EMBOLISM; and ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS leading to ISCHEMIA or HEMORRHAGE into the spinal cord (hematomyelia).SMN Complex Proteins: A complex of proteins that assemble the SNRNP CORE PROTEINS into a core structure that surrounds a highly conserved RNA sequence found in SMALL NUCLEAR RNA. They are found localized in the GEMINI OF COILED BODIES and in the CYTOPLASM. The SMN complex is named after the Survival of Motor Neuron Complex Protein 1, which is a critical component of the complex.Paraparesis: Mild to moderate loss of bilateral lower extremity motor function, which may be a manifestation of SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; MUSCULAR DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; parasagittal brain lesions; and other conditions.Kyphosis: Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees. This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback.Pyramidal Tracts: Fibers that arise from cells within the cerebral cortex, pass through the medullary pyramid, and descend in the spinal cord. Many authorities say the pyramidal tracts include both the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts.Sciatic Nerve: A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. It has two major branches, the TIBIAL NERVE and the PERONEAL NERVE.Pain Threshold: Amount of stimulation required before the sensation of pain is experienced.Epidural Abscess: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA, EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone, SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)Morphine: The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle.Autonomic Dysreflexia: A syndrome associated with damage to the spinal cord above the mid thoracic level (see SPINAL CORD INJURIES) characterized by a marked increase in the sympathetic response to minor stimuli such as bladder or rectal distention. Manifestations include HYPERTENSION; TACHYCARDIA (or reflex bradycardia); FEVER; FLUSHING; and HYPERHIDROSIS. Extreme hypertension may be associated with a STROKE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp538 and 1232; J Spinal Cord Med 1997;20(3):355-60)Anesthesia, Obstetrical: A variety of anesthetic methods such as EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA used to control the pain of childbirth.Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.Subarachnoid Space: The space between the arachnoid membrane and PIA MATER, filled with CEREBROSPINAL FLUID. It contains large blood vessels that supply the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD.Efferent Pathways: Nerve structures through which impulses are conducted from a nerve center toward a peripheral site. Such impulses are conducted via efferent neurons (NEURONS, EFFERENT), such as MOTOR NEURONS, autonomic neurons, and hypophyseal neurons.Brain Stem: The part of the brain that connects the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES with the SPINAL CORD. It consists of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA.Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory: The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by stimulation along AFFERENT PATHWAYS from PERIPHERAL NERVES to CEREBRUM.Syringomyelia: Longitudinal cavities in the spinal cord, most often in the cervical region, which may extend for multiple spinal levels. The cavities are lined by dense, gliogenous tissue and may be associated with SPINAL CORD NEOPLASMS; spinal cord traumatic injuries; and vascular malformations. Syringomyelia is marked clinically by pain and PARESTHESIA, muscular atrophy of the hands, and analgesia with thermoanesthesia of the hands and arms, but with the tactile sense preserved (sensory dissociation). Lower extremity spasticity and incontinence may also develop. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1269)Hyperesthesia: Increased sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation due to a diminished threshold or an increased response to stimuli.Survival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein: A SMN complex protein that is closely-related to SURVIVAL OF MOTOR NEURON 1 PROTEIN. In humans, the protein is encoded by an often duplicated gene found near the inversion centromere of a large inverted region of CHROMOSOME 5.Reflex, Monosynaptic: A reflex in which the AFFERENT NEURONS synapse directly on the EFFERENT NEURONS, without any INTERCALATED NEURONS. (Lockard, Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd ed.)Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Behavior, Animal: The observable response an animal makes to any situation.Neuroglia: The non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu, participate in the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER, form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear.Epidural Neoplasms: Neoplasms located in the space between the vertebral PERIOSTEUM and DURA MATER surrounding the SPINAL CORD. Tumors in this location are most often metastatic in origin and may cause neurologic deficits by mass effect on the spinal cord or nerve roots or by interfering with blood supply to the spinal cord.Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.Evoked Potentials: Electrical responses recorded from nerve, muscle, SENSORY RECEPTOR, or area of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM following stimulation. They range from less than a microvolt to several microvolts. The evoked potential can be auditory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY), somatosensory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY), visual (EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL), or motor (EVOKED POTENTIALS, MOTOR), or other modalities that have been reported.Synaptic Transmission: The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.Radiculopathy: Disease involving a spinal nerve root (see SPINAL NERVE ROOTS) which may result from compression related to INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; SPINAL DISEASES; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include radicular pain, weakness, and sensory loss referable to structures innervated by the involved nerve root.H-Reflex: A monosynaptic reflex elicited by stimulating a nerve, particularly the tibial nerve, with an electric shock.Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated: A class of nerve fibers as defined by their nerve sheath arrangement. The AXONS of the unmyelinated nerve fibers are small in diameter and usually several are surrounded by a single MYELIN SHEATH. They conduct low-velocity impulses, and represent the majority of peripheral sensory and autonomic fibers, but are also found in the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD.Central Nervous System: The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.Neurosurgical Procedures: Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.Astrocytes: A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.Oligodendroglia: A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Oligodendroglia may be called interfascicular, perivascular, or perineuronal (not the same as SATELLITE CELLS, PERINEURONAL of GANGLIA) according to their location. They form the insulating MYELIN SHEATH of axons in the central nervous system.Myelin Sheath: The lipid-rich sheath surrounding AXONS in both the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS and PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The myelin sheath is an electrical insulator and allows faster and more energetically efficient conduction of impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of glial cells (SCHWANN CELLS in the peripheral and OLIGODENDROGLIA in the central nervous system). Deterioration of the sheath in DEMYELINATING DISEASES is a serious clinical problem.Neural Pathways: Neural tracts connecting one part of the nervous system with another.Contusions: Injuries resulting in hemorrhage, usually manifested in the skin.Nerve Tissue Proteins Peripheral Nerve Injuries: Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.Animals, Newborn: Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.Rhizotomy: Surgical interruption of a spinal or cranial nerve root. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Meninges: The three membranes that cover the BRAIN and the SPINAL CORD. They are the dura mater, the arachnoid, and the pia mater.Analgesics, Opioid: Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS.Substance P: An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of PAIN, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses.Peripheral Nerves: The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.Intervertebral Disc Displacement: An INTERVERTEBRAL DISC in which the nucleus pulposus has protruded through surrounding fibrocartilage. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region.Neural Conduction: The propagation of the NERVE IMPULSE along the nerve away from the site of an excitation stimulus.Polyradiculopathy: Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of multiple spinal nerve roots.Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: An intermediate filament protein found only in glial cells or cells of glial origin. MW 51,000.Movement: The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior.Rats, Wistar: A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure: Manometric pressure of the CEREBROSPINAL FLUID as measured by lumbar, cerebroventricular, or cisternal puncture. Within the cranial cavity it is called INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE.Nociception: Sensing of noxious mechanical, thermal or chemical stimuli by NOCICEPTORS. It is the sensory component of visceral and tissue pain (NOCICEPTIVE PAIN).Orthopedic Procedures: Procedures used to treat and correct deformities, diseases, and injuries to the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM, its articulations, and associated structures.Sensation: The process in which specialized SENSORY RECEPTOR CELLS transduce peripheral stimuli (physical or chemical) into NERVE IMPULSES which are then transmitted to the various sensory centers in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.Substantia Gelatinosa: Gelatinous-appearing material in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, consisting chiefly of Golgi type II neurons and some larger nerve cells.Nerve Fibers: Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.Evoked Potentials, Motor: The electrical response evoked in a muscle or motor nerve by electrical or magnetic stimulation. Common methods of stimulation are by transcranial electrical and TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION. It is often used for monitoring during neurosurgery.Medulla Oblongata: The lower portion of the BRAIN STEM. It is inferior to the PONS and anterior to the CEREBELLUM. Medulla oblongata serves as a relay station between the brain and the spinal cord, and contains centers for regulating respiratory, vasomotor, cardiac, and reflex activities.Microglia: The third type of glial cell, along with astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (which together form the macroglia). Microglia vary in appearance depending on developmental stage, functional state, and anatomical location; subtype terms include ramified, perivascular, ameboid, resting, and activated. Microglia clearly are capable of phagocytosis and play an important role in a wide spectrum of neuropathologies. They have also been suggested to act in several other roles including in secretion (e.g., of cytokines and neural growth factors), in immunological processing (e.g., antigen presentation), and in central nervous system development and remodeling.Glycine Agents: Substances used for their pharmacological actions on glycinergic systems. Glycinergic agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation or uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function.Longitudinal Ligaments: Two extensive fibrous bands running the length of the vertebral column. The anterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale anterius; lacertus medius) interconnects the anterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies; the posterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale posterius) interconnects the posterior surfaces. The commonest clinical consideration is OSSIFICATION OF POSTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT. (From Stedman, 25th ed)Tibial Nerve: The medial terminal branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve fibers originate in lumbar and sacral spinal segments (L4 to S2). They supply motor and sensory innervation to parts of the calf and foot.Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)Forelimb: A front limb of a quadruped. (The Random House College Dictionary, 1980)Biomechanical Phenomena: The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.Neural Inhibition: The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells.Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.Neurologic Examination: Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervous system.Synapses: Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.Infarction: Formation of an infarct, which is NECROSIS in tissue due to local ISCHEMIA resulting from obstruction of BLOOD CIRCULATION, most commonly by a THROMBUS or EMBOLUS.Spondylosis: A degenerative spinal disease that can involve any part of the VERTEBRA, the INTERVERTEBRAL DISK, and the surrounding soft tissue.Internal Fixators: Internal devices used in osteosynthesis to hold the position of the fracture in proper alignment. By applying the principles of biomedical engineering, the surgeon uses metal plates, nails, rods, etc., for the correction of skeletal defects.N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.Dynorphins: A class of opioid peptides including dynorphin A, dynorphin B, and smaller fragments of these peptides. Dynorphins prefer kappa-opioid receptors (RECEPTORS, OPIOID, KAPPA) and have been shown to play a role as central nervous system transmitters.Intervertebral Disc: Any of the 23 plates of fibrocartilage found between the bodies of adjacent VERTEBRAE.Spondylitis: Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions.Chick Embryo: The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.Sacrococcygeal Region: The body region between (and flanking) the SACRUM and COCCYX.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Pain

Vitamin D and chronic pain. Pain. 2009;141(1):10-13. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.11.010. PMID 19084336. Spinal manipulative therapy ... The intensity of chronic pain was higher for girls, and girls' reports of chronic pain increased markedly between ages 12 and ... "The efficacy of acupuncture in managing patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A systemic review and ... Other spinal cord fibers, known as wide dynamic range neurons, respond to A-delta and C fibers, but also to the large A-beta ...

Kevin Pauza

... into damaged spinal discs for the treatment of spinal conditions such as degenerative disc disease, back pain and chronic low ... Weiss, Frances (May 8, 2012). "Chronic Back Pain? Spinal Fusion May be the Wrong Surgery". New Jersey Newsroom. Archived from ... Pauza developed a procedure for the treatment of spinal disorders known as the Pauza Disc Treatment, which repairs and re-grows ... "Groundbreaking Spinal Treatment Spurs Saudi Interest". Penn State College of Medicine. March 2011. Retrieved August 13, 2015. " ...

Speed bump

Cause spinal damage and aggravate chronic backache. In 2003, the chairman of the London Ambulance Service, Sigurd Reinton ... In Sweden, an evaluation of spinal stress in bus drivers against ISO 2631-5 required on health grounds that: bus drivers avoid ...

Central pattern generator

"Involuntary stepping after chronic spinal cord injury. Evidence for a central rhythm generator for locomotion in man". Brain. ... Whelan PJ (December 2003). "Developmental aspects of spinal locomotor function: insights from using the in vitro mouse spinal ... When removed from the lamprey, the intact spinal cord can survive for days in vitro. It also has very few neurons and can be ... Increasing the neural drive from the midbrain locomotor region (MLR) to the spinal CPG increases the step cycle frequency (the ...

Lumbar anterior root stimulator

32: 676-7. Barolat, Giancarlo (May 2000). "Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain Management". Archives of Medical Research. ... is a type of neuroprosthesis used in patients suffering from a spinal cord injury or to treat some forms of chronic spinal pain ... While spinal cord injury is a broad and widely-encompassing term, root stimulators may be used for many instances of SCIs. For ... Similarly, spinal cord injuries can potentially cause a loss of motor control in lower limbs, such as with paraplegic and ...

Neuroscience of rhythm

"Involuntary stepping after chronic spinal cord injury. Evidence for a central rhythm generator for locomotion in man". Brain. ... The SCN evokes a response from the spinal cord. Preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord modulate the superior cervical ganglia ... These networks are often found in the spinal cord. It has been hypothesized that certain CPG's are hardwired from birth. For ... Conway, B.A. (1995). "Synchronization between motor cortex and spinal motoneuronal pool during the performance of a maintained ...

Local anesthesia

Meglio M (2004). "Spinal cord stimulation in chronic pain management". Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. 15 (3): 297-306. doi:10.1016/j. ... evidence-based practice guidelines in the management of chronic spinal pain" (PDF). Pain physician. 10 (1): 7-111. PMID ... It is also used for relief of non-surgical pain and to enable diagnosis of the cause of some chronic pain conditions. ... Rasche D, Ruppolt M, Stippich C, Unterberg A, Tronnier VM (2006). "Motor cortex stimulation for long-term relief of chronic ...

HSPB8

Meadows JC, Marsden CD (1969). "A distal form of chronic spinal muscular atrophy". Neurology. 19 (1): 53-8. doi:10.1212/wnl. ... D'Alessandro R, Montagna P, Govoni E, Pazzaglia P (1982). "Benign familial spinal muscular atrophy with hypertrophy of the ... Groen RJ, Sie OG, van Weerden TW (1993). "Dominant inherited distal spinal muscular atrophy with atrophic and hypertrophic ... "A rapidly progressive autosomal dominant scapulohumeral form of spinal muscular atrophy". Ann. Neurol. 20 (4): 538-40. doi: ...

Low back pain

"Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low-back pain". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2): CD008112. doi:10.1002/ ... Surgery may be beneficial for those with disc-related chronic pain and disability or spinal stenosis. No clear benefit has been ... It is unclear if among those with non-chronic back pain alternative treatments are useful. For chiropractic care or spinal ... Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic ...

Schwannomatosis

The schwannomas develop on cranial, spinal and peripheral nerves. Chronic pain, and sometimes numbness, tingling and weakness. ... Schwannomas on sensory nerve axons cause chronic severe pain. Treatment options for schwannomas are to surgically remove them, ... J Spinal Disord Tech. 20 (4): 329-32. doi:10.1097/BSD.0b013e318033ee0f. PMID 17538359. Senchenkov A, Kriegel A, Staren ED, ...

Intervertebral disc damage and spaceflight

Straus, BN (2002). "Chronic pain of spinal origin: the costs of intervention". Spine. 27 (22): 2614-2619. doi:10.1097/00007632- ... Spinal disc herniation Wing, PC; Tsang, IK; Susak, L; Gagnon, F; Gagnon, R; Potts, JE (April 1991). "Back pain and spinal ... Spinal Ultrasound) NASA taps into USF spinal injury expert Dr. John Mayer. ... Collacott, EA; Zimmerman, JT; White, DW; Rindone, JP (2000). "Bipolar permanent magnets for the treatment of chronic low back ...

Multiple sclerosis

Ghezzi A, Comi G, Federico A (February 2011). "Chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis". ... Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord ... These lesions most commonly affect the white matter in the optic nerve, brain stem, basal ganglia, and spinal cord, or white ... Zamboni P, Galeotti R, Menegatti E, Malagoni AM, Tacconi G, Dall'Ara S, Bartolomei I, Salvi F (April 2009). "Chronic ...

Management of multiple sclerosis

Ghezzi A, Comi G, Federico A (February 2011). "Chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis". ... Chronic pain is very common and harder to treat as its most common cause is dysesthesias. Acute pain due to trigeminal ... In a similar way, other factors such as disturbed sleep, chronic pain, poor nutrition, or even some medications can contribute ... April 2009). "Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry ...

Stephen T. Wegener

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury, 7, 73-83. Benrud-Larsen LM, Wegener ST (2000). Psychosocial aspects of chronic pain in ... PMID 1633388 Elliott, T.R. & Wegener, S.T. (Eds.). (1992). Chronic pain and spinal cord injury (Special section). The Clinical ... 1988 Oct;69(10):873-6. PMID 3178455 Schwartz DP, Large HS, Degood DE, Wegener ST, Rowlingson JC (1984). Chronic emergency room ... San Jose Mercury News Bor, Jonathan (July 30, 2000). Baltimore's street violence creates an epidemic of spinal cord injuries. ...

Neuromodulation (medicine)

2006). "Spinal cord stimulation for chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy--five-year follow-up". N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (22): 2394 ... Ubbink DT, Vermeulen H (2013). "Spinal cord stimulation for non-reconstructable chronic critical leg ischaemia". Cochrane ... Neuromodulation therapy has been investigated for other chronic conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, depression, chronic ... for design of electrical leads to be used in spinal cord stimulation treatment of chronic pain conditions. In 2012, the global ...

American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians

The guidelines are An Update of Comprehensive Evidence-Based Guidelines for Interventional Techniques in Chronic Spinal Pain ... Books published by ASIPP Publishing include Interventional Techniques in Chronic Non-spinal Pain For Interventional Pain ... Interventional Techniques in Chronic Spinal Pain For Interventional Pain Physicians; Essentials of Practice Management: Billing ... and American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians Guidelines for Responsible Opioid Prescribing in Chronic Non-cancer Pain ...

Excitotoxicity

Apr 2009). "Mechanisms of chronic central neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury". Brain Res Rev. 60 (1): 202-13. doi: ... This pathologic phenomenon can also occur after brain injury and spinal cord injury. Within minutes after spinal cord injury, ... "Na+-K+-ATPase inhibition and depolarization induce glutamate release via reverse Na+-dependent transport in spinal cord white ... Excitotoxicity may be involved in spinal cord injury, stroke, traumatic brain injury, hearing loss (through noise overexposure ...

IHunch

... spinal manipulation and mobilsation, posture instruction and spinal fulcrums. Biomechanical analysis suggests a combination of ... low dose tricyclic antidepressants such as amytriptyline for chronic problems; Physical therapy (a.k.a. physiotherapy in ... In practical terms this may be achieved by the hunched patient lying back on a spinal fulcrum device, which uses the upper body ... iHunch is a term used to describe the common spinal problem of an excessively kyphotic (hunched) thoracic spine driving neck ...

Arachnoiditis

... chronic compression of spinal nerves, complications from spinal surgery or other invasive spinal procedures, or the accidental ... Chronic pain is common, including neuralgia, while numbness and tingling of the extremities can occur with spinal cord ... Brodsky A. E. (1978). "Chronic spinal arachnoiditis. A postoperative syndrome that may signal its onset". Spine. 3 (1): 88-91. ... Spinal tuberculous arachnoiditis (subtype) at NIH's Office of Rare Diseases Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) Spinal ...

Surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint

J Spinal Disord Tech; (2008) 21 (5) 359-363 Mason LW Chopra I Mohanty K. The percutaneous stabilization of the sacroiliac joint ... Sacroiliac joint fusion in a chronic low back pain population. In Vleeming A, editor. The integrated function of the lumbar ... J Spinal Discord: (2001) 14 (2) 118-124 Buchowski JM et al. Functional and radiographic outcome of sacroiliac arthrodesis for ... J Spinal Disord Tech. (2008) 21 (8) 579-584 Rudolf L. Sacroiliac joint arthrodesis-MIS technique with titanium implants: report ...

Manipulation under anesthesia

A new approach to the treatment of chronic low back pain. Lancet. 1987;18;2(8551):143-6. Digiorgi, Dennis (2013). "Spinal ... Kohlbeck FJ, Haldeman S. Medication-assisted spinal manipulation. Spine J. 2002;2(4):288-302. DiGiorgi D. Spinal manipulation ... "Evidence-informed management of chronic low back pain with spinal manipulation and mobilization". The Spine Journal. 8 (1): 213 ... "Supplemental Care with Medication-Assisted Manipulation Versus Spinal Manipulation Therapy Alone for Patients with Chronic Low ...

Cryoneurolysis

"A systematic review of therapeutic facet joint interventions in chronic spinal pain". Pain physician. 10 (1): 229-53. PMID ...

Transcranial direct-current stimulation

In chronic pain following spinal cord injury, research is of high quality and has found tDCS to be ineffective. In stroke, ... Nov 2014). "Non-pharmacological interventions for chronic pain in people with spinal cord injury". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. ... "Repeated Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Prevents Abnormal Behaviors Associated with Abstinence from Chronic Nicotine ...

Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases

"Genetic mapping of chronic childhood-onset spinal muscular atrophy to chromosome 5q11.2-13.3." Nature 344.6266 (1990): 540-541 ... Spinal Muscular Atrophy Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive motor neuron disease caused by mutations in the ... Genetic Cause Spinal muscular atrophy is linked to genetic mutations in the SMN1 (Survival of Motor Neuron 1) gene. The SMN ... Chang JG, Hsieh-Li HM, Jong YJ, Wang NM, Tsai CH, Li H. "Treatment of spinal muscular atrophy by sodium butyrate." Proc Natl ...

Implant (medicine)

They're used to treat bone fractures, osteoarthritis, scoliosis, spinal stenosis, and chronic pain. Examples include a wide ... The immune system response may lead to chronic inflammation where the implant is rejected and has to be removed from the body. ...

Alternative medicine

Spinal manipulation aims to treat "vertebral subluxations" which are claimed to put pressure on nerves. Chiropractic was ... Complementary therapies are often used in palliative care or by practitioners attempting to manage chronic pain in patients. ... Most Americans used CAM to treat and/or prevent musculoskeletal conditions or other conditions associated with chronic or ... "Herbal products: benefits, limits, and applications in chronic liver disease". Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012: 1-19 ...

Update on the pathophysiology and management of syringomyelia unrelated to Chiari malformation | Neurología (English Edition)

MRI in chronic spinal cord trauma.. Neuroradiology, 35 (1992), pp. 30-35 ... el Masry and Biyani6 and Curati et al.7 suggest that complete spinal cord lesions (grade A on the American Spinal Injury ... leading to spinal cystic degeneration and the formation of a large cavity.9 According to other theories, atrophy of the spinal ... Spinal cord injury is the cause most frequently addressed in the literature, with syringomyelia developing in 0.5%-4.5% of ...

elsevier.es

Cureus | Long-term Survival in a Patient with Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression from a Prostate Cancer with Ultra-high PSA:...

He was found to have a metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC), a PSA exceeding 27,000, and biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer ... His past medical history included benign prostatic hypertrophy, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension. His medications ... Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) occurs in 5-14% of patients with cancer during the course of their disease [1-2]. ... Cite this article as: Nguyen N, Hotte S, Dayes I (January 22, 2015) Long-term Survival in a Patient with Metastatic Spinal Cord ...

cureus.com

Spinal Subdural Haematoma | Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports

Spinal Subdural hematoma is a rare cause of radiculopathy and spinal cord compression syndromes. Its early diagnosis is ... Conclusion: Spinal subdural hematoma may present with rapidly progressive neurological symptoms. MRI is the investigation of ... subacute and chronic. We report a case with early subacute spinal subdural haematoma managed surgically. ... Keywords: Spinal subdural haematoma, extramedullary spinal cord compression, MRI scan.. Introduction. Spinal subdural ...

jocr.co.in

Spinal Cord Stimulator - Chronic Pain

... same as spinal cord stimulator) in June 2011 for chronic anal and perineal pain. The past 6 weeks I... ... I had a Boston Scientific sacral nerve stimulator implanted (same as spinal cord stimulator) in June 2011 for chronic anal and ... Fibromyalgia General Chronic Illness GERD & Acid Reflux Headaches & Migraines Hepatitis Irritable Bowel Syndrome Lupus Lyme ... Anxiety & Panic Disorders Bipolar Disorder Breast Cancer Chronic Pain Crohns Disease Depression Diabetes Fibromyalgia GERD & ...

healingwell.com

Spinal Fluid Proteins Distinguish Lyme Disease From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

... and those with the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome report similar symptoms. ... Spinal Fluid Proteins Distinguish Lyme Disease From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Published Thursday 24 February 2011 Published Thu ... "Spinal Fluid Proteins Distinguish Lyme Disease From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 24 Feb. ... 2011, February 24). "Spinal Fluid Proteins Distinguish Lyme Disease From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Medical News Today. ...

medicalnewstoday.com

Chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis | SpringerLink

This abnormality called chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) could result in increased permeability of blood ... Plasmati R, Pastorelli F, Fini N et al (2010) Chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency: report of transcranial magnetic ... Werner HL (2009) The challenge of multiple sclerosis: how do we cure chronic heterogeneous disease? Ann Neurol 65:239-248 ... Zivadinov R, Cutter G, Marr K et al (2010) MRI result of blinded chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency study in patients ...

link.springer.com

Spinal cord stimulation market grows as way to treat chronic pain

Innovation in the devices and a push away from treating chronic pain with opioids are causing the market to boom. ... Spinal cord stimulation isnt as scary as it sounds. ... She had a spinal cord stimulator implanted in August and now is ... Innovation and a growing weariness of doctors to treat chronic pain with opioids have sparked interest in spinal cord ... He expects spinal cord stimulation to become more mainstream.. That may be good news for businesses, but it also may be good ...

cnbc.com

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain | Medtronic

Learn more about Medtronic spinal cord stimulation treatment for chronic pain. Find information on the trial period, implant ... SPINAL CORD STIMULATION YOU DESERVE. RELIEF FROM. CHRONIC PAIN Medtronic spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy may help you get ... Hear from patients whose lives have been transformed by spinal cord stimulation. ...

medtronic.com

Spinal stenosis - Chronic Pain - HealingWell.com Forum

HealingWell.com Forum , Diseases & Conditions , Chronic Pain , Spinal stenosis Select A Location. ****** Top of the Forum ... http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/spinal-stenosis/DS00515. When you were diagnosed what did your Doctor say was the cause? What ...

healingwell.com

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain - FAQ

Get answers to the questions most frequently asked by patients and caregivers about spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain ... Spinal cord stimulation versus repeated lumbosacral spine surgery for chronic pain: a randomized, controlled trial. ... Published studies have shown that when used by patients with chronic intractable pain, spinal cord stimulation may offer the ... Learn more about a spinal cord stimulator trial. The great thing about spinal cord stimulation is your loved one can ...

medtronic.com

Rechargeable Spinal Cord Stimulators for Chronic Pain

Spinal cord stimulators are small devices implanted under a patients skin with the purpose of stopping pain signals from ... reaching the brain and thus alleviating chronic or neuropathic pain. ... See Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Back and Neck Pain. It should also be noted that the effectiveness of SCS treatment can ... Watch: Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Back Pain Video. Most SCS devices contain a battery that must eventually be ...

spine-health.com

Effects of motor imagery training after chronic, complete spinal cord injury | SpringerLink

Abnormalities in brain motor system function are present following spinal cord injury (SCI) and could reduce effectiveness of ... Cramer SC, Lastra L, Lacourse MG, Cohen MJ (2005) Brain motor system function after chronic, complete spinal cord injury. Brain ... Cortical potentials during imagined movements in individuals with chronic spinal cord injuries. Behav Brain Res 104:73-88PubMed ... Motor system Imagery Plasticity Putamen Globus pallidus Spinal cord injury This is a preview of subscription content, log in to ...

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Brain & Nerves - Spinal Cord Disorders: Chronic Neck Pain

So I have been diagnosed with Cervical Spinal Stenosis and disc degenerative disease. In 2000 I had a ACDF at level C6-7. Then ... Chronic Neck Pain So I have been diagnosed with Cervical Spinal Stenosis and disc degenerative disease. In 2000 I had a ACDF at ... Re: Chronic Neck Pain Hi, Sorry to hear you are in pain. could you tell me what kind of a dr. does a nerve block or burn? Thank ...

healthboards.com

Driving After Spinal Injections Proves Dangerous - Daily Life - Chronic Pain | HealthCentral

But when bad things happen to the body, injury and pain can bring someone to the specialist for spinal epidurals. After three ... Christina Lasich, M.D., wrote about chronic pain and osteoarthritis for HealthCentral. She is physiatrist in Grass Valley, ... https://www.healthcentral.com/article/driving-after-spinal-injections-can-prove-dangerous ...

healthcentral.com

Chiropractor in Westfield Recommends Spinal Decompression for Treating Chronic Back Pain

... may benefit from spinal decompression therapy. The chiropractors at Advanced Wellness of Westfield announced that they have had ... significant success treating patients with spinal decompression therapy. ... Individuals who are experiencing chronic pain in the lower back, especially pain related to herniated discs, ... "For individuals who suffer from chronic back pain due to a herniated disc or other spinal condition, spinal decompression ...

globenewswire.com

Respiratory complications in the adult patient with chronic spinal cord injury

The number of people in the United States living with spinal cord injury (SCI) was estimated to be 276,000 persons in 2014 ( ... J Spinal Cord Med 1999; 22:97.. *Grandas NF, Jain NB, Denckla JB, et al. Dyspnea during daily activities in chronic spinal cord ... See Acute traumatic spinal cord injury and Chronic complications of spinal cord injury and disease and Respiratory ... J Spinal Cord Med 2008; 31:500.. *Bach JR. Noninvasive respiratory management of high level spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord ...

uptodate.com

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Failed Back Syndrome - Alternative Treatment - Chronic Pain

Failed Back Syndrome can be devastating after spinal surgery offers such hope to those with none. Unfortunately, some end up ... When a spinal surgery failed in the past, a persons only option was to take pain medication or to try a reoperation. Another ... Spinal Cord Stimulation for Failed Back Syndrome. Christina Lasich, MDHealth Professional. Nov 11, 2009. ... With spinal cord stimulators, the risk of infection can be upwards of a 10% rate. Another problem is that the implant itself ...

healthcentral.com

Regeneration Can be Achieved after Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

... central nervous system axons can be achieved in rats even when treatment delayed is more than a year after the original spinal ... "Our findings indicate that there is potential for promoting repair of the injured spinal cord even in chronic stages of injury ... A number of mechanisms create formidable barriers to regeneration of injured axons in chronic spinal cord injury. These include ... nearly 250,000 patients are living in the chronic stages of injury. Yet nearly all previous spinal cord injury studies have ...

health.ucsd.edu

Voluntary movements after chronic spinal cord injury

... a new study was published in Brain addressing electrical stimulation of the spinal cord after injury. The study was funded in ... Spinal cord injury Spinal cord injury My story Causes Consequences Prognosis Links About us What we do History Organisation ... Voluntary movements after chronic spinal cord injury. Back to overview Recently, a new study was published in Brain addressing ... These will also unravel if and when the results of this study can be translated to a therapy for chronic spinal injured ...

wingsforlife.com

Optic nerve hemorrhages, chronic headaches & increased spinal fluid pressure - General Health - MedHelp

... history of chronic pain since I was 13 - migraine-like headaches of increasing severity/frequency. At lea... ... Optic nerve hemorrhages, chronic headaches & increased spinal fluid pressure MiewMyoo Personal background: 28 year old female, ... Create an account to receive updates on: Optic nerve hemorrhages, chronic headaches & increased spinal fluid pressure ... Optic nerve hemorrhages, chronic headaches & increased spinal fluid pressure. Personal background: 28 year old female, average ...

medhelp.org

Chronic Spinal Pain Posttrauma; Whiplash

... By Nancy Martin-Molina, DC, QME, MBA, CCSP. I recently completed a deposition for a ... Myofascial Pain Syndrome, Fibrosis and Chronic Pain Neck pain is easily explained by tearing of any soft tissue, disc injury or ... One plausible explanation for the many cases of chronic neck and back pain in the absence of ongoing injury or inflammation is ... The result is excessive loading to the spinal ligaments. This report4 discusses six patients with third cervical root ganglion ...

dynamicchiropractic.com

Degenerative Disc Disease, Spinal Stenosis, Chronic Pain - (#44757) - Community Advice

spinal issues to deal with.. I happen to have Spinal Disc Degeneration Disease, also Spinal Stenosis, and Scoliosis and Chronic ... Degenerative Disc Disease, Spinal Stenosis, Chronic Pain. Started by Chronic Pain on 02/12/2015 10:14am ... They say in the near future, I will have to have more spinal fusion.. My neck is shot. That is my worst with the chronic pain. ... Chronic pain,. I just wanted you to know that I read about your health concern.. I am a bit younger than you, 55, so I cant ...

spineuniverse.com

Which physical findings are characteristic of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II - chronic infantile form?

... chronic infantile form?) and Which physical findings are characteristic of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II - chronic ... Genetic mapping of chronic childhood-onset spinal muscular atrophy to chromosome 5q11.2-13.3. Nature. 1990 Apr 5. 344(6266):540 ... Which physical findings are characteristic of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II - chronic infantile form?. Updated: May 30 ... Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Zaremba J, Borkowska J, Szirkowiec W. Chronic proximal spinal muscular atrophy of childhood and ...

medscape.com

Autonomic Dysreflexia Causes Chronic Immune Suppression after Spinal Cord Injury | Journal of Neuroscience

Autonomic Dysreflexia Causes Chronic Immune Suppression after Spinal Cord Injury. Yi Zhang, Zhen Guan, Brenda Reader, Todd ... Autonomic Dysreflexia Causes Chronic Immune Suppression after Spinal Cord Injury. Yi Zhang, Zhen Guan, Brenda Reader, Todd ... Autonomic Dysreflexia Causes Chronic Immune Suppression after Spinal Cord Injury. Yi Zhang, Zhen Guan, Brenda Reader, Todd ... 2012) Chronic spinal cord injury impairs primary antibody responses but spares existing humoral immunity in mice. J Immunol 188 ...

jneurosci.org

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain: What You Need to Know

... has become a standard of care for people with chronic back and neck pain. Neurosurgeon answers the questions patients ask. ... Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has become a standard of care for people with chronic back and neck pain. Advances in SCS ... Spinal Cord Stimulation FAQs. Will a spinal cord stimulator free you from your back pain? This and other FAQs are answered by F ... Treatments › Pain Management › Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain: What You Need to K... ...

spineuniverse.com

Studies were excluded if they 1) included patients with different types of primary cancers (not exclusively prostate cancers), 2) included patients treated surgically for their MSCC, 3) were abstracts or review articles, or 4) did not address patients' outcomes after treatment of the spinal cord compression. (cureus.com)

I had a Boston Scientific sacral nerve stimulator implanted (same as spinal cord stimulator) in June 2011 for chronic anal and perineal pain. (healingwell.com)
Medtronic's newest spinal cord stimulator, Intellis, was approved in the U.S. last year. (cnbc.com)
Nevro introduced a high-frequency spinal cord stimulator in the U.S. in 2015. (cnbc.com)
Hanafy was hardly able to walk until she received Medtronic's Intellis spinal cord stimulator. (cnbc.com)
Dr. Youssef Josephson of The Pain Management Center in New Jersey suggested she try Intellis, a spinal cord stimulator. (cnbc.com)
The FDA approved Medtronic's first fully implantable spinal cord stimulator, Itrel, in 1984. (cnbc.com)
Boston Scientific bought Advanced Bionics in 2004 and sold a portion of the business three years later, excluding the spinal cord stimulator segment. (cnbc.com)
The spinal cord stimulator trial is designed to mimic what you'll experience with the implanted device. (medtronic.com)
Approximately 82% of patients implanted with a spinal cord stimulator will need an MRI within five years to diagnose an unrelated condition. (medtronic.com)
Learn more about a spinal cord stimulator trial. (medtronic.com)
So why doesn't everyone rush into getting a spinal cord stimulator? (healthcentral.com)
I did look into the spinal Stimulator but because it wouldn't help the issue I have it wasn't worth me trying it. (drugs.com)
Abbott won approval for and is releasing a new spinal cord stimulator that can treat chronic pain for up to ten years without requiring a recharge. (medgadget.com)
Boston Scientific Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) systems have helped thousands of patients find relief from chronic pain - often even when other therapies have failed. (controlyourpain.com)
Find out if Boston Scientific Spinal Cord Stimulator systems could be the right choice for you. (controlyourpain.com)
If you or someone you love suffers from chronic pain, read more about Boston Scientific Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) systems and contact a Pain Management Specialist today. (controlyourpain.com)
Alesia tried numerous pain therapies before finding success with Boston Scientific's Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) systems. (controlyourpain.com)
During a 40-minute procedure, Richard Simpson, M.D., Ph.D., a neurosurgeon with the Methodist Neurological Institute, implanted the Infinion™ 16 Percutaneous Lead, part of the Precision Plus Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) System. (healthcanal.com)
If the trial is successful, the permanent stimulator will be surgically implanted in the abdomen, with the small wires inserted into the spinal canal. (jimdodsonlaw.com)
The spinal cord stimulator works by substituting a tingling sensation for the pain you have been experiencing. (jimdodsonlaw.com)
In some patients, a spinal cord stimulator works for a while and then becomes less effective over time as the body builds tolerance to it. (jimdodsonlaw.com)

The 32-year-old hospice worker from New Jersey was diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome, a chronic condition that can develop after an injury or surgery. (cnbc.com)
Abnormalities in brain motor system function are present following spinal cord injury (SCI) and could reduce effectiveness of restorative interventions. (springer.com)
This study was supported by the Roman Reed Spinal Cord Injury Research Fund of California, and by grant M01 RR000827-29 from the U.C. Irvine General Clinical Research Centers Program of the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health. (springer.com)
Cramer SC, Lastra L, Lacourse MG, Cohen MJ (2005) Brain motor system function after chronic, complete spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
Curt A, Dietz V (1999) Electrophysiological recordings in patients with spinal cord injury: significance for predicting outcome. (springer.com)
Davey N, Smith H, Wells E, Maskill D, Savic G, Ellaway P, Frankel H (1998) Responses of thenar muscles to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
But when bad things happen to the body, injury and pain can bring someone to the specialist for spinal epidurals. (healthcentral.com)
The number of people in the United States living with spinal cord injury (SCI) was estimated to be 276,000 persons in 2014 (240,000 to 337,000) [ 1 ]. (uptodate.com)
See 'Acute traumatic spinal cord injury' and 'Chronic complications of spinal cord injury and disease' and 'Respiratory physiologic changes following spinal cord injury' . (uptodate.com)
Scientists at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine report that regeneration of central nervous system axons can be achieved in rats even when treatment delayed is more than a year after the original spinal cord injury. (ucsd.edu)
The good news is that when axons have been cut due to spinal cord injury, they can be coaxed to regenerate if a combination of treatments is applied," said lead author Mark Tuszynski, MD, PhD, professor of neurosciences and director of the Center for Neural Repair at UC San Diego, and neurologist at the Veterans Affairs San Diego Health System. (ucsd.edu)
While there are more than 10,000 new spinal cord injuries annually in the United States, nearly 250,000 patients are living in the chronic stages of injury. (ucsd.edu)
Yet nearly all previous spinal cord injury studies have attempted to stimulate regeneration when treatment is begun almost immediately after injury - because, in part, scientists considered it very difficult to achieve regeneration at such long time points after injury. (ucsd.edu)
Reporting in the October 29 issue of the Cell Press journal Neuron , the UC San Diego team demonstrated successful regeneration of adult spinal cord axons into, and then beyond, an injury site in the cervical spinal cord, the middle region of the neck. (ucsd.edu)
A number of mechanisms create formidable barriers to regeneration of injured axons in chronic spinal cord injury. (ucsd.edu)
Using this combinatorial treatment, the research team achieved axonal bridging beyond the original lesion site in rats when treatment was delayed for up to 15 months after the original spinal cord injury. (ucsd.edu)
Our findings indicate that there is potential for promoting repair of the injured spinal cord even in chronic stages of injury," said Tuszynski. (ucsd.edu)
Recently, a new study was published in Brain addressing electrical stimulation of the spinal cord after injury. (wingsforlife.com)
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is probably the most common source for chronic neck, head, and upper dorsal (back) pain following a motor vehicle injury. (dynamicchiropractic.com)
Autonomic dysreflexia (AD), a potentially dangerous complication of high-level spinal cord injury (SCI) characterized by exaggerated activation of spinal autonomic (sympathetic) reflexes, can cause pulmonary embolism, stroke, and, in severe cases, death. (jneurosci.org)
How Do Immune Microglial Cells Contribute to Chronic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury? (dana.org)
Investigators will explore, at the molecular level, how immune microglial cells in the spinal cord interact with nerve cells to perpetuate chronic pain following spinal cord injury. (dana.org)
Following spinal cord injury (SCI), pain-processing sensory neurons undergo electrophysiological changes that result in hyperexcitability of neurons and intractable, chronic pain. (dana.org)
This study may reveal the molecular interactions of nerve and immune cells that produce intractable pain following spinal cord injury and lead to clinical trials of an experimental drug to block these interactions. (dana.org)
The majority of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) report moderate to severe chronic pain syndromes that persist indefinitely and are resistant to current therapeutic approaches (Finnerup et al. (dana.org)
AXER-204 and a surrogate protein used in early preclinical studies have been found to promote axon growth and recovery of function in animal models of spinal cord injury. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Part 1 of the trial is a multicenter, open-label, single ascending dose study in participants with chronic cervical spinal cord injury. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Part 2 is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeat dose study in chronic cervical spinal cord injury participants. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The University of California, Irvine, has just completed the very first study to show that human stem cells can bring back movement in spinal cord injury, advocating the possibility of treatment for a more vast populace of patients. (sci-info-pages.com)
Past breakthroughs in stem cell studies concentrated on the vital or beginning stage of spinal cord injury, a time span of up to a couple of weeks after the onset of the trauma when medications can bring about some mobile recovery. (sci-info-pages.com)
The study directed by Aileen Anderson and Brian Cummings from the Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, is vital due to the fact the therapy can bring back movement during the later chronic stage, the time which is after spinal cord injury where inflammation has sustained and recovery has reached a stability level. (sci-info-pages.com)
Last year, unfortunately, the two Acorda-run phase 3 clinical trials assessing Fampridine SR in people with chronic spinal cord injury did not meet the efficacy criteria of significantly reducing spasticity in people with chronic spinal cord injury. (rutgers.edu)
Due to lack of funding for more clinical trials of Fampridine SR in spinal cord injury, Acorda Therapeutics has decided to focus on developing Fampridine SR for multiple sclerosis where a large percentage of patients show improved motor and sensory function on the drug. (rutgers.edu)
Once the drug is approved for MS, the company can go back and redo clinical trials for spinal cord injury. (rutgers.edu)
The company therefore stopped fampridine trials for spinal cord injury. (rutgers.edu)
It may be several years before the drug is approved for spinal cord injury. (rutgers.edu)
Therefore, I feel that it is appropriate for me to discuss the compounding formulations of 4-AP and its use in spinal cord injury. (rutgers.edu)
Several polls on CareCure suggested that as many as 15% of people with chronic spinal cord injury have tried or are taking 4-AP. (rutgers.edu)
Are iPS cells the future of cell-based regenerative therapies for spinal cord injury? (rutgers.edu)
We Reach Over 5000 Individuals With A Spinal Cord Injury Or Disease Every Year. (spinalcord.org)
MR Spectroscopy of the Cervical Spinal Cord in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury. (wingsforlife.com)
Materials and Methods Single-voxel short-echo spectroscopic data in study participants with chronic SCI and healthy control subjects were prospectively acquired in the cervical spinal cord at C2 above the level of injury between March 2016 and January 2017 and were compared between groups. (wingsforlife.com)
Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation puts most families in crushing debt. (brainandspinalcord.org)
This cutting-edge pain management strategy is described in an article published in Journal of Neurotrauma, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. The article is available free online , along with a related article on pain following spinal cord injury. (healthcanal.com)
A single injection of fibronectin, a glycoprotein produced in the body that helps anchor cells in place, can prevent the development of chronic pain that often develops after a spinal cord injury. (healthcanal.com)
Ching-Yi Lin, Yu-Shang Lee, Vernon Lin and Jerry Silver, from the Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, and Case Western Reserve University, in Cleveland, OH, describe the successful outcome following injection of a small quantity of fibronectin into the spinal dorsal column of animals immediately after a spinal dorsal column crush injury. (healthcanal.com)
The treatment inhibits the development of a particular type of chronic pain-mechanical allodynia, or pain from pressure that would not normally cause pain-which is common in spinal cord injury patients. (healthcanal.com)
Changes that occur outside the central nervous system can also play a role in the development of chronic pain after spinal cord injury. (healthcanal.com)
Another article in the Journal by Supinder Bedi and colleagues, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, reports that a type of nerve cell present in the peripheral nervous system, called a nociceptive primary afferent neuron, is hyperexcitable and displays spontaneous activity after spinal cord injury, which might be important for the development of chronic pain. (healthcanal.com)
Journal of Neurotrauma is an authoritative peer-reviewed journal published 18 times per year in print and online that focuses on the latest advances in the clinical and laboratory investigation of traumatic brain and spinal cord injury. (healthcanal.com)
Lower-extremity muscle atrophy and fat infiltration after chronic spinal cord injury. (icord.org)
Chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with higher risk for a number of complications, such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. (icord.org)
All were at least 2 years post-injury, and varied in severity and level of impairment: 45 had motor-complete spinal cord injury (no motor or sensory function is preserved), 25 had motor-incomplete spinal cord injury (some motor and sensory function preserved), of which 14 used a wheelchair for ambulation. (icord.org)
Spinal cord injury is obviously a devastating condition. (medgadget.com)
This period of spinal cord injury is regarded as the "early chronic" phase, and so far attempts to use stem cell therapy in this phase have failed. (medgadget.com)
The mice also demonstrated no allodynia (the sensation of pain with benign stimulation), a feared complication of spinal cord injury therapy. (medgadget.com)
Human neural stem cells are a novel therapeutic approach that holds much promise for spinal cord injury," said Anderson, associate professor of physical medicine & rehabilitation and anatomy & neurobiology at UC Irvine. (medgadget.com)
About 1.3 million individuals in the U.S. are living with chronic spinal cord injury," added Cummings, associate professor of physical medicine & rehabilitation and anatomy & neurobiology. (medgadget.com)
A comparison of autologous and allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in canine spinal cord injury," Journal of the Neurological Sciences , vol. 285, no. 1-2, pp. 67-77, 2009. (hindawi.com)
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating form of chronic pain resulting from injury to the peripheral or central nervous system. (bio-medicine.org)
Indeed, peripheral nerve injury has been shown to upregulate spinal GR followed by a downstream upregulation and functional modulation of NMDAR (Wang et al. (jneurosci.org)
White matter injury of spinal cord in rats with chronic fluorosis and recovery after defluoriation. (fluoridealert.org)
OBJECTIVE: To explore the injury mechanism for white matter of spinal cord and the improvement of function after defluoriation. (fluoridealert.org)
Pathological manifestations of chronic white matter injury of spinal cord could be found in high [fluoride] and deflourination groups. (fluoridealert.org)
CONCLUSION: White matter injury of spinal cord is present in chronic fluorosis rats. (fluoridealert.org)
Neuronal Plasticity is impaired after spinal cord injury. (wingsforlife.com)
Stimulation of the recovery of walking function in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. (wingsforlife.com)
Accumulating evidence suggests that repeatedly breathing low oxygen levels for brief periods (termed intermittent hypoxia) is a safe and effective treatment strategy to promote meaningful functional recovery in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. (wingsforlife.com)
Recently the team demonstrated that daily intermittent hypoxia stimulated walking enhancement in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. (wingsforlife.com)
a) Time and does relation of intermittent hypoxia: The hypothesis is that repetitive exposures (3 times per week for 4 weeks) to modest bouts of low oxygen will enhance and prolong walking recovery in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. (wingsforlife.com)
The ultimate goal of this research is to assess the potential of repetitive intermittent hypoxia as a therapeutic approach to stimulate recovery of walking function in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. (wingsforlife.com)
Chronic (or long-standing) pain is a common problem for people living with spinal cord injury, and it is often very difficult to treat. (washington.edu)
Pain is very common after spinal cord injury. (washington.edu)
Musculoskeletal pain is usually a dull or achy pain felt above your level of injury where the muscles are innervated normally or have not been affected by your spinal cord injury. (washington.edu)
Pain is actually a very common problem after spinal chord injury with about sixty or seventy percent of people experiencing pain that will last for more than six months. (nsw.gov.au)
My spinal injury was T-12. (nsw.gov.au)
I suffered a spinal injury in 2005. (nsw.gov.au)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pain-relieving effects of venlafaxine hydrochloride (Effexor) in chronic neuropathic (burning, shock-like, electric) pain after spinal cord injury (SCI). (druglib.com)
Persistent pain is one of the most common reasons for impaired quality of life following spinal cord injury (SCI). (druglib.com)
Background: Following spinal cord injury (SCI) declines in sub-lesional bone mineral density (BMD) occur, and are associated with a high prevalence of fractures. (uwaterloo.ca)
HealthDay News) - Subcutaneous botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections appear to safely and effectively reduce chronic neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury, according to a study published online Jan. 27 in the Annals of Neurology . (empr.com)
Zee-A Han, M.D., Ph.D., from the National Rehabilitation Center in Seoul, South Korea, and colleagues evaluated a one-time subcutaneous BTX-A (200 units) injection in 40 patients with spinal cord injury-associated neuropathic pain. (empr.com)
These results indicate that BTX-A may reduce intractable chronic neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury," the authors write. (empr.com)
Generation and in vitro profiling of neural stem cell lines to predict in vivo efficacy for chronic cervical spinal cord injury. (ca.gov)
Identification of new cell lines with in vivo efficacy testing to enable efficient translation to chronic cervical spinal cord injury, an area of significant unmet medical need. (ca.gov)
Eliciting inflammation enables successful rehabilitative training in chronic spinal cord injury 2018-05-30 00:00:00 Abstract Rehabilitative training is one of the most successful therapies to promote motor recovery after spinal cord injury, especially when applied early after injury. (deepdyve.com)
Therefore, interventions that reopen a window of opportunity for effective motor training after chronic injury would have significant therapeutic value. (deepdyve.com)
Thus, we propose that techniques that can elicit mild neuroinflammation may be used to enhance the efficacy of rehabilitative training after chronic spinal cord injury. (deepdyve.com)
rehabilitative training, chronic cervical spinal cord injury, lipopolysaccaride, inflammation, single pellet reaching and grasping Introduction Spinal cord injury is a devastating event causing permanent loss of motor, sensory and autonomic functions below the level of the injury. (deepdyve.com)
Currently, rehabilitative motor training is one of the most effective and reliable approaches to promote motor recovery after incomplete spinal cord injury (Harkema et al. (deepdyve.com)
2011). Accordingly, data from individuals and animal models with stroke and spinal cord injury suggest that training efficacy diminishes when training is initiated chronically after the insult (Biernaskie et al. (deepdyve.com)
Therefore, we hypothesized that reintroducing inflammation after chronic spinal cord injury will reopen a period of plasticity during which the efficacy of motor training is enhanced. (deepdyve.com)
2. Researchers at the Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center at the University of Louisville studied four patients with chronic, motor-complete cervical SCI with persistent low resting blood pressure. (beckersspine.com)
The study will assess the extent to which epidural stimulation can improve cardiovascular function as well as facilitate the ability to stand and voluntarily control leg movements below the injury level in 36 participants with chronic, complete SCIs. (beckersspine.com)
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in abnormal pain syndromes in patients. (nih.gov)
We present a recently developed SCI mammalian model of chronic central pain in which the spinal cord is contused at T8 using the NYU impactor device (10-g rod, 2.0-mm diameter, 12.5-mm drop height), an injury which is characterized behaviorally as moderate. (nih.gov)
Changes in exploratory behavior as a measure of chronic central pain following spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
Reduction of pathological and behavioral deficits following spinal cord contusion injury with the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398. (nih.gov)
Mechanical and thermal allodynia in chronic central pain following spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
Incidental bilateral calcaneal fractures following overground walking with a wearable robotic exoskeleton in a wheelchair user with a chronic spinal cord injury: is zero risk possible? (springer.com)
Many individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) rely on wheelchairs as their primary mode of locomotion leading to reduced weight-bearing on the lower extremities, which contributes to severe bone loss and increased risk of fragility fractures. (springer.com)
Garland DE, Adkins RH, Scott M, Singh H, Massih M, Stewart C (2004) Bone loss at the os calcis compared with bone loss at the knee in individuals with spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
Peppler WT, Kim WJ, Ethans K, Cowley KC (2017) Precision of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the knee and heel: methodology and implications for research to reduce bone mineral loss after spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
Edwards WB, Schnitzer TJJCOR (2015) Bone imaging and fracture risk after spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
Bauman WA, Cardozo CP (2015) Osteoporosis in individuals with spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
Giangregorio L, McCartney N (2006) Bone loss and muscle atrophy in spinal cord injury: epidemiology, fracture prediction, and rehabilitation strategies. (springer.com)
Clark JM, Findlay DM (2017) Musculoskeletal health in the context of spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
Karelis AD, Carvalho LP, Castillo MJ, Gagnon DH, Aubertin-Leheudre M (2017) Effect on body composition and bone mineral density of walking with a robotic exoskeleton in adults with chronic spinal cord injury. (springer.com)
Gagnon DH, Vermette M, Duclos C, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Ahmed S, Kairy D (2017) Satisfaction and perceptions of long-term manual wheelchair users with a spinal cord injury upon completion of a locomotor training program with an overground robotic exoskeleton. (springer.com)
Escalona MJ, Brosseau R, Vermette M, Comtois AS, Duclos C, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Gagnon DH (2018) Cardiorespiratory demand and rate of perceived exertion during overground walking with a robotic exoskeleton in long-term manual wheelchair users with chronic spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study. (springer.com)
Benson I, Hart K, Tussler D, van Middendorp JJ (2016) Lower-limb exoskeletons for individuals with chronic spinal cord injury: findings from a feasibility study. (springer.com)
BACKGROUND: The high risk of fracture associated with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) is attributed to extensive disuse-related bone loss in previously weight-bearing long bones. (galileo-training.com)
6months post-injury) motor-complete SCI were recruited from the Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit (Glasgow, UK). (galileo-training.com)
Dai, Jianwu 2018-08-01 00:00:00 Traditional views consider scar tissue formed in the lesion epicenter after severe spinal cord injury (SCI) as both a physical barrier and chemical impediment for axonal regeneration. (deepdyve.com)
In a phase I/II controlled single-blind clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00816803), 70 chronic cervical and thoracic SCI patients with injury durations of at least 6 months were treated with either intrathecal injection(s) of autologous adherent bone marrow cells combined with physical therapy, or with physical therapy alone. (cellmedicine.com)
At 18 months posttreatment, 23 of the 50 cell therapy-treated cases (46 percent) showed sustained improvement using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS). (cellmedicine.com)
Methods: Individuals with chronic (≥ 6 months post-injury) motor-complete SCI were recruited from the Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit (Glasgow, UK). (strath.ac.uk)
On the contrary to the results of our previous study about acute spinal cord injury, unexpectedly small number of genes showed alteration of expression in the chronic spinal cord compression in the present study. (nii.ac.jp)

Long-term neuropathic pain relief for chronic pain of the back and or legs, or of the extremities. (medtronic.com)
The effects of spinal cord stimulation in neuropathic pain are sustained: a 24-month follow-up of the prospective randomized controlled multicenter trial of the effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation. (medtronic.com)
SCS is best at treating neuropathic pain from a pinched or injured nerve, and is also good at treating mechanical back pain from such conditions as degenerative disc disease , radiculopathy (pain that radiates down an arm or leg), spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal), failed back surgery or residual pain following back surgery, and sciatica. (spineuniverse.com)
1.1 The case for adopting Senza spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for delivering HF10 therapy as a treatment option for chronic neuropathic back or leg pain after failed back surgery is supported by the evidence. (nice.org.uk)
The use of SCS for chronic neuropathic pain is recommended in the NICE technology appraisal guidance on spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain of neuropathic for ischaemic origin . (nice.org.uk)
This medical technology guidance assessed the evidence to support the additional benefits of HF10 therapy using Senza compared with low‑frequency SCS in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. (nice.org.uk)
For other patients with chronic neuropathic pain, HF10 therapy using Senza SCS remains an option alongside other SCS options because there is more uncertainty about its additional benefits compared with low‑frequency SCS. (nice.org.uk)
While we all experience pain, it is estimated that about 340,000 Canadians suffer from chronic #neuropathic pain . (hospitalnews.com)
Currently there is no proven cure for neuropathic pain but one technology that is not well-known, and is, as a result, an underutilized treatment option, is #spinal cord stimulation (SCS). (hospitalnews.com)
Despite its long history, many people are unclear about the evidence supporting the effectiveness of SCS compared to other forms of treatment for chronic neuropathic pain. (hospitalnews.com)
Leg-dominant failed back surgery syndrome represents persistent neuropathic leg pain following structurally corrective spinal surgery. (hospitalnews.com)
Shamji concludes that while the management of neuropathic pain can be challenging, "it is incumbent on physicians managing chronic pain to be familiar with the array of potential interventions. (hospitalnews.com)
BSX ) today welcomed an announcement by the U.K.'s National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommending the use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for patients with chronic neuropathic pain. (bio-medicine.org)
Importantly, NICE also concluded that SCS is cost-effective when used to treat patients with chronic neuropathic pain, despite the use of conservative modeling techniques in the appraisal. (bio-medicine.org)
This is a very positive decision for National Health Service (NHS) patients suffering from chronic neuropathic pain," said Dr. Sam Eldabe, Consultant in Anaesthesia and Pain Management at James Cook University Hospital in Middlesbrough, the U.K. "Overall, this technology appraisal -- and the resulting guidance -- will be an important resource demonstrating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of SCS as a treatment for chronic pain worldwide. (bio-medicine.org)
As a result, NICE has formally recommended SCS as an effective treatment for adult patients in England and Wales who have suffered chronic pain of neuropathic origin for at least six months, despite conventional medical management. (bio-medicine.org)
Currently, conventional treatments to alleviate chronic neuropathic pain combine different therapies that may include drugs (such as anti-depressants and opiates), non-pharmacological treatments (such as physiotherapy and acupuncture) or surgical intervention. (bio-medicine.org)
People with chronic post-operative neuropathic back or leg pain should have access to high-frequency spinal cord stimulation, along with appropriate multidisciplinary support and assessment. (csp.org.uk)
NICE says evidence backs the use of the Senza system for patients who are experiencing residual chronic neuropathic back or leg pain at least six months after back surgery, and despite conventional medical management. (csp.org.uk)
Neuropathic pain is caused by abnormal communication between the damaged nerves in your spinal cord and the pain centers of your brain. (washington.edu)
The long-term goal of our pain research is to improve the management of chronic neuropathic pain following SCI. (druglib.com)
This study examines the effect of Venlafaxine hydrochloride (VH) in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain associated with SCI. (druglib.com)
A sample of 60 persons with chronic neuropathic pain and SCI will be randomly assigned to either of two treatment groups (n=30 for each group), in a double-blind fashion. (druglib.com)
Spinal cord stimulation is effective in reducing neuropathic pain, enhancing function, and improving quality of life in different chronic pain conditions. (hkmj.org)
2 Spinal cord stimulation mainly targets neuropathic pain and has limited efficacy for nociceptive pain. (hkmj.org)
1 Neuropathic pain is common in Hong Kong, affecting 9.03% of the total population and 14.7% of chronic pain sufferers. (hkmj.org)
The war in Iraq has highlighted the issue of chronic neuropathic pain in amputations (called "phantom limb pain") because the rate of amputations is so high compared to previous wars. (bio-medicine.org)
Kilohertz frequency spinal cord stimulation (KHFSCS) is an emerging therapy for treating refractory neuropathic pain. (asahq.org)
The induction and maintenance of persistent inflammatory or neuropathic pain involve a number of variations in gene expression in the spinal cord [ 1 , 2 ]. (alliedacademies.org)

Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials suggest that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is efficacious for care of cervicogenic headache (CGH). (nih.gov)
All patients were assigned 16 visits where they received spinal manipulative therapy (SMT), light massage (LM), or attention control physical exam (att). (nih.gov)
Objective To assess the benefits and harms of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) for the treatment of chronic low back pain. (bmj.com)
Here is yet another study that demonstrates that spinal manipulative therapy and home exercise provides superior results than home exercise alone, or supervised exercise and home exercise alone. (chirotexas.org)

Decety J, Boisson D (1990) Effect of brain and spinal cord injuries on motor imagery. (springer.com)
What about chronic incomplete spinal cord injuries? (rutgers.edu)
Will stem cell therapies be safe and effective for treating spinal cord injuries? (rutgers.edu)
A recent animal study from UC Irvine's Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center has succeeded in engrafting human neural stem cells in mice with early-spinal cord injuries, and brought stem cell therapy for spinal cord injuries just a tiny bit closer to clinical reality. (medgadget.com)
The investigators gave these mice blunt spinal injuries. (medgadget.com)
Comparison of mesenchymal stem cells derived from fat, bone marrow, Wharton's jelly, and umbilical cord blood for treating spinal cord injuries in dogs," The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science , vol. 74, no. 12, pp. 1617-1630, 2012. (hindawi.com)
Smith said that another "big issue in chronic pain is that two people can have more or less identical injuries, and one gets chronic pain, but the other doesn't. (bio-medicine.org)
Evidence-based recommendations on intramuscular diaphragm stimulation for ventilator-dependent chronic respiratory failure in people with high spinal cord injuries. (evidence.nhs.uk)
Spinal cord injuries (SCI) cause sensory loss and motor paralysis and are treated with physical therapy, but most patients fail to recover due to limited neural regeneration. (cellmedicine.com)
Therefore, when combined with physical therapy, autologous adherent bone marrow cell therapy appears to be a safe and promising therapy for patients with chronic spinal cord injuries. (cellmedicine.com)

Zamboni P, Galeotti R, Menegatti E et al (2009) Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis. (springer.com)
Zamboni P, Menegatti E, Weinstock-Guttman B et al (2009) The severity of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis is related to altered cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. (springer.com)
PlacidWay Medical Tourism provides top articles for CCSVI (Chronic Cerebral Spinal Venous Insufficiency), Neurology in France to patients from around the world. (placidway.com)
A forum to discuss Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency and its relationship to Multiple Sclerosis. (thisisms.com)

Stem cells from fetal brains were sorted and cultured, and then injected into the injured spinal cord sites 30 days after the trauma. (medgadget.com)

This study is designed to determine whether a medicine that can produce temporary amnesia (midazolam) can be used to block the memory of treatment with spinal manipulation. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This is important since any study that is designed to determine whether spinal manipulation is effective would be better if patients were not aware of whether or not they were treated. (clinicaltrials.gov)
While chiropractors employ several types of treatment, spinal manipulation is the most important and unique of these therapies. (clinicaltrials.gov)
There are several difficulties in researching the effects of spinal manipulation. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This proposal is similar to a study by Sloop et al who used diazepam to produce amnesia in a study of spinal manipulation for chronic neck pain. (clinicaltrials.gov)
RCT studies of spinal manipulation in low back pain. (bestbets.org)
In this study, patients with chronic lower back pain of at least 13 weeks duration were randomly assigned either to medication, needle acupuncture or spinal manipulation. (chiro.org)
The results provided evidence that in patients with chronic spinal pain, manipulation results in greater short-term improvement than acupuncture or medication. (chiro.org)
To compare medication, needle acupuncture, and spinal manipulation for managing chronic (>13 weeks duration) spinal pain because the value of medicinal and popular forms of alternative care for chronic spinal pain syndromes is uncertain. (chiro.org)
One of three separate intervention protocols was used: medication, needle acupuncture, or chiropractic spinal manipulation. (chiro.org)
The consistency of the results provides, despite some discussed shortcomings of this study, evidence that in patients with chronic spinal pain, manipulation, if not contraindicated, results in greater short-term improvement than acupuncture or medication. (chiro.org)
However, the data do not strongly support the use of only manipulation, only acupuncture, or only nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for the treatment of chronic spinal pain. (chiro.org)
Dose response and efficacy of spinal manipulation for chronic cervicogenic headache: a pilot randomized controlled trial. (nih.gov)
Spinal manipulation for headache? (nih.gov)
Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Randomised controlled trials examining the effect of spinal manipulation or mobilisation in adults (≥18 years) with chronic low back pain with or without referred pain. (bmj.com)
The patient was treated with high-velocity low-amplitude spinal manipulation and ancillary myofascial release. (chiro.org)
This appears to be the first published case of chiropractic high-velocity low-amplitude spinal manipulation being used for a patient with chronic cauda equina syndrome. (chiro.org)
It seems that this type of spinal manipulation was safe and effective for reducing back pain and had no effect on neurologic deficits in this case. (chiro.org)
we uncovered no published data reporting even the use of spinal manipulation in chronic CES, let alone the appropriateness of such. (chiro.org)
It was unknown if administering spinal manipulation to this patient would be safe and effective. (chiro.org)
2 ] Subsequently, administering spinal manipulation to a patient after spinal surgery requires a substantial knowledge of surgical procedures and a greater degree of diagnostic acumen and manipulative skill than is required for the management of uncomplicated LBP. (chiro.org)

Already, high-level evidence exists for the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness (Level I-II) of traditional SCS therapies in the treatment of chronic refractory low back with predominant limb pain (regardless of surgical history). (dovepress.com)
In addition to spinal cord stimulation, other proven implantable therapies for chronic pain sufferers may include drug pumps. (healthcanal.com)

Spinal cord stimulators are small devices implanted under a patient's skin with the purpose of stopping pain signals from reaching the brain. (spine-health.com)
With spinal cord stimulators, the risk of infection can be upwards of a 10% rate. (healthcentral.com)
Those who are willing to accept the risk of spinal cord stimulators will want to know who the ideal candidates for this innovative pain treatment are. (healthcentral.com)
Finally, spinal cord stimulators are not implanted without a trial. (healthcentral.com)
I implant approximately 100 spinal cord stimulators each year. (spineuniverse.com)
Doctor also asked me to read up about spinal stimulators for pain control. (drugs.com)

Other treatments for chronic spinal pain, such as those that do not ablate tissue or nerves using radiofrequency energy, are outside the scope of this report. (ecri.org)
The generator of the device sends pulses through the wires to nerves along the spinal cord, which block the pain signals, preventing them from reaching the brain, substituting tingling for pain. (jimdodsonlaw.com)
If the prolapse is very large and presses on the nerves within the spinal column or the cauda equina, both sides of the body may be affected, often with serious consequences. (wikipedia.org)

The Spinal Cord Stimulation program includes an assessment of the appropriateness for spinal cord or peripheral nerve stimulation for chronic pain. (swedish.org)

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a general term that refers to any of several specific procedures regarding treatment of chronic spinal pain. (ecri.org)

Listed below are some combinations of symptoms associated with Chronic spinal pain, as listed in our database. (rightdiagnosis.com)

Instead of delivering electrical impulses to the heart, however, the neurostimulator delivers them through the leads to the epidural space in the spinal cord. (hospitalnews.com)
Spinal cord stimulation provides analgesia through electrical stimulation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord via electrode leads placed into the epidural space. (hkmj.org)
Direct connections between the spinal epidural space and the venous circulation in humans. (thisisms.com)
Our previous studies in pigs indicate that direct connections exist between the spinal epidural space and the venous circulation. (thisisms.com)
A direct connection between the spinal epidural space and the venous circulation has been demonstrated in human cadavers. (thisisms.com)

UK's NICE Recommends Spinal Cord Stimulation for Patients with Chronic Neurop. (bio-medicine.org)

2 Some research indicates that spinal cord stimulation is more effective at reducing pain felt in a limb, such as the leg, rather than in the spine, such as the lower back, 2 , 3 but there can still be meaningful back or neck pain relief. (spine-health.com)
Basically I'm trying to figure out what could be causing it, and if my chronic neck pain/headchache problems could be related. (medhelp.org)
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has become a standard of care for people with chronic back and neck pain. (spineuniverse.com)
Q: What types of physicians use SCS in the treatment of chronic back and neck pain? (spineuniverse.com)
Chronic neck pain is a prevalent and disabling condition among older adults. (chirotexas.org)
This might explain why jugular constrictions damage the spinal cord, although I'm not sure if the jugular is a 'deep vein' of the neck. (thisisms.com)

Spinal fluid is like a liquid window to the brain," says Dr. Schutzer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It is believed that spinal cord stimulation can interfere with and reduce the pain signals before they travel up the spinal cord to the brain. (spine-health.com)
Upon sensory stimulation from the periphery, this existing network of spinal (inter-) neuronal connections can generate locomotive activity (partially) independently of the brain. (wingsforlife.com)
Transformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input," Nature Neuroscience , vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 1333-1342, 2009. (hindawi.com)
Normally, pain signals travel through the nervous system in the spinal cord, but the electrical pulses sent from the neurostimulator modify these pain signals before they reach the brain. (hospitalnews.com)
The new lead is designed to deliver 16 stimulation contacts to the spinal cord to control pain signals to the brain. (healthcanal.com)
Pain signals travel up the spinal cord to the brain. (jimdodsonlaw.com)
Fluorescent probe were made from mRNA extracted from spinal cord tissue of ttw or control mice and hybridized with cDNA microarray which contains cDNA from mouse brain and neural stem cell. (nii.ac.jp)

These include high-frequency spinal cord stimulation (HF-SCS), burst stimulation, and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation. (hkmj.org)

The medical devices treat chronic pain, most commonly for failed back surgery and complex regional pain disorder. (cnbc.com)
Spinal cord stimulation is often recommended for people who have had back surgery. (cnbc.com)
Spinal cord stimulation versus repeated lumbosacral spine surgery for chronic pain: a randomized, controlled trial. (medtronic.com)
Failed Back Syndrome can be devastating after spinal surgery offers such hope to those with none. (healthcentral.com)
When a spinal surgery failed in the past, a person's only option was to take pain medication or to try a reoperation. (healthcentral.com)
Initially, I started using SCS as a last resort tool for people with chronic back pain after surgery. (spineuniverse.com)
Patients with chronic SCI (ASIA grade A) will receive NeuroRegen Scaffold with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation after localized scars cleared and after surgery patients will undergo a comprehensive rehabilitation, psychological and nutritional measures. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Published last month, the guidance says Senza, which delivers high frequency therapy, should be considered as a treatment option for people with chronic leg or back pain that has not improved after surgery. (csp.org.uk)
In a practice-based survey, Aspergren and Burt [ 8 ] showed that 68 of 1939 consecutive patients (3.8%) consulting chiropractors had undergone at least 1 previous spinal surgery. (chiro.org)
Another option for patients who cannot have surgery is spinal cord stimulation (SCS). (cochrane.org)
4 Spinal cord stimulation is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for chronic pain of the trunk and limbs, low back pain, leg pain, and failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). (hkmj.org)
If you have developed a chronic pain condition such as complex regional pain syndrome or failed back surgery syndrome as a result of an accident that was caused by someone else's careless or negligent act, you may have a claim to recover money to compensate you for your losses. (jimdodsonlaw.com)

Cruz-Montecinos C, Godoy-Olave D, Contreras-Briceno F, Gutierrez P, Torress-Castro R, Miret-Venegas L, Engel R (2017), "The immediate effect of softi tissue manual therapy intervention on lung function in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease," International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Feb 21;12:691-696. (spinalresearch.com.au)

Adaptive locomotor plasticity in chronic spinal cats after ankle extensors neurectomy. (semanticscholar.org)

Duerson had been experiencing failing vision, difficulty forming coherent sentences, severe headaches, and depression - all problems that can be symptoms of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), Smith explains. (brainandspinalcord.org)
this trend was mostly due to no chronic pain reported in the cervical and traumatic groups. (healio.com)

Investigators found that in patients with chronic spinal pain, pain neuroscience education combined with cognition-targeted motor control training was more effective for improving pain than best-evidence physiotherapy. (healio.com)

Spinal cord stimulation] is historically a therapy that's been really underpenetrated because [of] the lack of efficacy and the lack of evidence. (cnbc.com)
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Closed-Loop Spinal Cord Stimulation to Treat Chronic Back and Leg Pain (Evoke): A Double-Blind, Randomised, Controlled Trial. (painmed.org)

Medtronic SCS is recommended as an aid in the management of chronic, intractable pain of the trunk and/or limbs. (medtronic.com)
In Canada, SCS therapy is indicated for the management of chronic, intractable pain of the trunk and/or limbs. (hospitalnews.com)

Which physical findings are characteristic of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II - chronic infantile form? (medscape.com)
Genetic mapping of chronic childhood-onset spinal muscular atrophy to chromosome 5q11.2-13.3. (medscape.com)
Hereditary distal spinal muscular atrophy. (medscape.com)
Lunn MR, Wang CH. Spinal muscular atrophy. (medscape.com)
Genetic risk assessment in carrier testing for spinal muscular atrophy. (medscape.com)
Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Zaremba J, Borkowska J, Szirkowiec W. Chronic proximal spinal muscular atrophy of childhood and adolescence: sex influence. (medscape.com)
Okamoto K, Saito K, Sato T, Ishigaki K, Funatsuka M, Osawa M. [A case of spinal muscular atrophy type 0 in Japan]. (medscape.com)
Progressive proximal spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy of late onset. (medscape.com)
Which physical findings are characteristic of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type III - chronic juvenile or Kugelberg-Welander syndrome? (medscape.com)
Incidence, prevalence, and gene frequency studies of chronic childhood spinal muscular atrophy. (bmj.com)
A total population study of chronic childhood spinal muscular atrophy (arrested Werdnig-Hoffmann disease, Kugelberg-Welander disease, SMA type II and III) was undertaken in north-east England to establish gene and carrier frequencies, incidence, and prevalence. (bmj.com)

Harke H, Gretenkort P, Ladleif HU, Rahman S. Spinal cord stimulation in sympathetically maintained complex regional pain syndrome type I with severe disability. (medtronic.com)
Chronic inoperable limb ischemia is limb pain that occurs at rest, caused by a severe compromise of blood flow to the affected extremity. (hospitalnews.com)
1. Patients with severe SCI frequently experience chronic low blood pressure, negatively affecting their quality of life. (beckersspine.com)

Advances in SCS technology have allowed people with chronic spine-related pain to reduce or eliminate their need for pain medications and return to comfortable, productive lives. (spineuniverse.com)

In addition to spinal decompression, Advanced Wellness of Westfield offers chiropractic adjustment, acupuncture, cold laser therapy, and other holistic treatments. (globenewswire.com)
Review further information on Chronic spinal pain Treatments . (rightdiagnosis.com)
It allows pain specialists to offer cost-effective treatments for chronic pain and help improve the quality of patient care. (bio-medicine.org)
I work in a specialised pain service where we use spinal cord stimulation and high-frequency treatments. (csp.org.uk)
Anti-inflammatory treatments for pain associated with disc herniation, protrusion, bulge, or disc tear are generally effective but not always due to the size of the spinal canal opening. (wikipedia.org)

The exact mechanism by which spinal cord stimulation works to reduce pain is still unknown. (spine-health.com)

Patients who suffer from Neurologic Post Treatment Lyme disease (nPTLS) and those with the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome report similar symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Your level of activity or way of moving prior to the chronic pain symptoms should be used as guideline/target in therapy. (healio.com)
Individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis understand the chronic and increasingly debilitating symptoms and limitations the disease produces. (placidway.com)

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a neuromodulation technique that reduces pain by electrical stimulation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord. (hkmj.org)

But far and away the largest complication of spinal cord stimulation is electrical lead migration. (healthcentral.com)

In 2007, another group of researchers again studied spinal cord stimulation and compared it with conventional medical management. (healthcentral.com)

This case report describes chiropractic management of a case of chronic CES, a condition that may be little known to many chiropractors. (chiro.org)
Therefore, we decided to search the literature for reports of chiropractic treatment of the primary components of chronic CES seen in this patient: bladder/bowel incontinence and postoperative LBP. (chiro.org)

Taking advantage of previously unavailable methods for detailed analysis of spinal fluid, the investigators analyzed the fluid by means of high powered mass spectrometry and special protein separation techniques. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Respiratory failure is common after acute SCI and in persons with chronic SCI who develop respiratory illnesses. (uptodate.com)
11 trials assessed chronic and acute and 14 solely chronic back pain. (bestbets.org)
This was considered consistent with spinal cord gliosis with possible acute edema. (hindawi.com)
There may be difference in mechanism of progression between acute and chronic spinal cord compression. (nii.ac.jp)

Anatomy 57

Organisms 5

Diseases 54

Chemicals and Drugs 21

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment 34

Psychiatry and Psychology 7

Phenomena and Processes 31

Disciplines and Occupations 3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena 1

Health Care 4