Chronaxy
The shortest duration of an electrical stimulus where the threshold amplitude is twice the rheobase - the minimum required for eliciting an ACTION POTENTIAL at any time period. It is a measure of the excitability of nerve or muscle tissue, and is characteristic of types and/or condition of the nerve or muscle cells in the tissue.
Dictionaries as Topic
Action Potentials
Adaptation, Physiological
Accommodation, Ocular
The dioptric adjustment of the EYE (to attain maximal sharpness of retinal imagery for an object of regard) referring to the ability, to the mechanism, or to the process. Ocular accommodation is the effecting of refractive changes by changes in the shape of the CRYSTALLINE LENS. Loosely, it refers to ocular adjustments for VISION, OCULAR at various distances. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)
Electric Stimulation Therapy
Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
Ultrasonic Therapy
Cellular Phone
Analog or digital communications device in which the user has a wireless connection from a telephone to a nearby transmitter. It is termed cellular because the service area is divided into multiple "cells." As the user moves from one cell area to another, the call is transferred to the local transmitter.
Pain
Catastrophization
Physical Therapy Modalities
Pharmacology, Clinical
Competitive Behavior
Physical Therapy Specialty
Video Games
Brachial Plexus
The large network of nerve fibers which distributes the innervation of the upper extremity. The brachial plexus extends from the neck into the axilla. In humans, the nerves of the plexus usually originate from the lower cervical and the first thoracic spinal cord segments (C5-C8 and T1), but variations are not uncommon.
Brachial Plexus Neuropathies
Diseases of the cervical (and first thoracic) roots, nerve trunks, cords, and peripheral nerve components of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical manifestations include regional pain, PARESTHESIA; MUSCLE WEAKNESS, and decreased sensation (HYPESTHESIA) in the upper extremity. These disorders may be associated with trauma (including BIRTH INJURIES); THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME; NEOPLASMS; NEURITIS; RADIOTHERAPY; and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1351-2)
Galvanic Skin Response
Neon
Skin Physiological Phenomena
Brachial Plexus Neuritis
A syndrome associated with inflammation of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical features include severe pain in the shoulder region which may be accompanied by MUSCLE WEAKNESS and loss of sensation in the upper extremity. This condition may be associated with VIRUS DISEASES; IMMUNIZATION; SURGERY; heroin use (see HEROIN DEPENDENCE); and other conditions. The term brachial neuralgia generally refers to pain associated with brachial plexus injury. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1355-6)
Chiropractic
Manipulation, Chiropractic
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Pharmacopoeias as Topic
Authoritative treatises on drugs and preparations, their description, formulation, analytic composition, physical constants, main chemical properties used in identification, standards for strength, purity, and dosage, chemical tests for determining identity and purity, etc. They are usually published under governmental jurisdiction (e.g., USP, the United States Pharmacopoeia; BP, British Pharmacopoeia; P. Helv., the Swiss Pharmacopoeia). They differ from FORMULARIES in that they are far more complete: formularies tend to be mere listings of formulas and prescriptions.
Strength-duration relationship for intra- versus extracellular stimulation with microelectrodes. (1/4)
(+info)Effect of pacing rate on the human atrial strength-duration curve. (2/4)
The effect of rapid pacing on the atrial constant voltage stimulation threshold in humans has not been defined at rates applicable to those of antitachycardia pacing. The effect of pacing rate on the atrial strength-duration relation was determined in 10 patients at pacing rates between 125 and 300 beats/min to explore excitability over the range of rates used for permanent antitachycardia pacing systems. Two points that define the strength-duration curve were measured at each pacing rate: rheobase voltage--the lowest stimulus voltage that results in capture at a pulse duration of 2 ms; and chronaxie pulse duration--the threshold pulse duration at twice rheobase voltage. A permanent, tined, J-shaped pacing lead with a high current density and low polarization electrode was positioned in the right atrial appendage for cathodal stimulation. A constant voltage output, incorporating a fast recharge pulse designed to minimize electrode polarization, was used for stimulation. There was a significant increase in rheobase voltage (p = 0.009), chronaxie pulse duration (p = 0.001) and minimal threshold stimulus energy (p = 0.05) at pacing rates greater than 225 beats/min. A rheobase voltage greater than 5 V occurred in three patients at pacing rates greater than or equal to 275 beats/min. At a pacing rate of 300 beats/min, rheobase voltage had increased in 8 of 10 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) (+info)Biophysical properties of the longitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea-pig rectum. (3/4)
1. The membrane properties of the longitudinal muscle layer of the guinea-pig rectum were studied in hypertonic solution (twice the normal Krebs by addition of sucrose) by the micro-electrode technique. To produce the electrotonic potential and spike, stimulating partitions were used.2. Hypertonic solution hyperpolarized the membrane and increased the membrane resistance. However, no change in the space constant was observed before and after treatment with hypertonic solution.3. The appearance and amplitude of the spike became regular after treatment with hypertonic solution and appearance of the overshoot was consistent.4. The characteristic constants and the conduction velocity were measured in hypertonic solution.(i) The space constant of the membrane was 0.81 mm, the time constant of the electrotonic potential was 83.7 msec and the time constant of the foot of the propagated spike was 8.8 msec.(ii) The conduction velocity of the excitation measured by insertions of the two micro-electrodes was 4.4 cm/sec.(iii) The chronaxie of the membrane was 71.3 msec.5. The results obtained from the present experiments were discussed in relation to the cable theory, and it was concluded that the passive properties of the membrane of the rectal smooth muscle could be explained by the cable equations.6. The specificities of the electrical properties of rectal smooth muscle were compared with muscle from other regions of the alimentary canal. (+info)Properties of two unmyelinated fibre tracts of the central nervous system: lateral Lissauer tract, and parallel fibres of the cerebellum. (4/4)
1. Monoplar tungsten micro-electrodes were used to stimulate and platinun plated tungsten micro-electrodes to record from single, unmyelinated cerebellar parallel fibres and lateral Lissauer tract axons in cats. 2. Stimulation of the lateral Lissauer tract resulted in the activation of a narrow, longitudinal 'beam', much as on the cerebellar surface. 3. Following impulse conduction, parallel and Lissauer tract fibres showed a supernormal conduction velocity (up to 25% increase) and increased excitability (up to 40% increase). No subnormality was encountered following supernormality. Some Lissauer tract fibres had prolonged relative refractory periods and no supernormal periods. 4. Chronaxies ranged from 155 to 380 microseconds. 5. Single fibres exhibited a remarkable increase in conduction velocity (up to 18% and excitability (up to 40%) following a single subthreshold stimulus. The duration of this effect (up to 20 msec) was much longer than expected from membrane time constant estimates. (+info)
Chronaxie | Article about Chronaxie by The Free Dictionary
Potencial de ação: do estímulo à adaptação neural
Jaras Nyeri dan Suhu
EXCITATION OF NERVE FIBERS IN THE SQUID (LOLIGO PEALII) | JGP
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Detection threshold for percutaneous electrical stimuli: asymmetry with respect to handedness. | Journal of Neurology,...
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Neuropathic pain after brachial plexus avulsion - central and peripheral mechanisms | BMC Neurology | Full Text
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ModelDB: Biophysically realistic neuron models for simulation of cortical stimulation (Aberra et al. 2018)
ModelDB: Biophysically realistic neuron models for simulation of cortical stimulation (Aberra et al. 2018)
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Extremophiles Page 17
Rheobase
Chronaxie Ashley, et al. "Determination of the Chronaxie and Rheobase of Denervated Limb Muscles in Conscious Rabbits". ... The x-intercept of the Weiss equation is equal to b x c, or rheobase times chronaxie. This equation suggests that a graph of ... Measurement of chronaxie and rheobase in sural sensory fibers has revealed mild reductions in excitability in diabetics, as ... Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a ...
Liliana Lubińska
While working on her doctorate, she worked in Louis and Marcelle Lapicque's Laboratory of Physiology, investigating chronaxie ...
Electrosurgery
... so called chronaxie). Typically, chronaxie of neural cells is in the range of 0.1-10 ms, so the sensitivity to electrical ...
Jozef Cywinski
Transcutaneous Electro-muscular stimulation Therapy and Relativity of Chronaxie. Invited lecture at International Conference on ...
Marcelle Lapicque
Marcelle de Heredia Lapicque (1873 - 1960) was a French neurophysiologist known for her research on nerve impulses (chronaxie) ... and the effects of poisons, especially strychnine, on chronaxie. She was in charge of the Laboratoire des Hautes-Études General ...
Phonation
This theory states that the frequency of the vocal fold vibration is determined by the chronaxie of the recurrent nerve, and ...
Action potential
Anode break excitation Bioelectricity Biological neuron model Bursting Central pattern generator Chronaxie Frog battery Neural ...
Electromyography
In September 2019 Facebook bought a startup called CTRL-labs that was working on EMG Chronaxie Compound muscle action potential ...
Electrical injury
Another factor is that cardiac tissue has a chronaxie (response time) of about 3 milliseconds, so electricity at frequencies of ...
Épinal
... specialist of the nervous system and known for his discovery of the chronaxie. Marcel Mauss (1872-1950), father of French ...
Louis Lapicque
Chronaxie in Frédéric Joliot-Curie page 578 by Michel Pinault (Editions Odile Jacob, 2000) Lapicque L (1907). "Recherches ... chronaxie, its meaning and its measure (1926) Nervous machine (1943) Neuromuscular isochronism and rythmogenic excitability ( ...
Chronaxie
A reduction in chronaxie occurs during reinnervation. The published values for chronaxie have a wide range. If chronaxie is the ... The chronaxie times of grey matter were reported as being 380 +/- 191 ms and 200±700 ms. Interpretations of chronaxie times are ... Chronaxie varies across different types of tissue: fast-twitch muscles have a lower chronaxie, slow-twitch muscles have a ... Buchanan D. N.; Garven H. S. D. (1926). "Chronaxie in tetany. The effect on the chronaxie of thyreoparathyreoidectomy, the ...
Non-invasive intracranial pressure measurement methods
Tympanic membrane displacement (TMD) technique, proposed nearly twenty years ago by Marchbanks [16] exploits the effect of intracranial pressure on the acoustic reflex, i.e. a reflex contraction of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in response to a sound. Normally, vibrations of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) elicited by acoustic stimuli are transmitted through the chain of ossicles (malleus, uncus, and stapes) in the middle ear to the oval window of the cochlea. Vibrations of the footplate of stapes transmit through the oval window to the perilymph, which in turn causes the endolymph, the basilar membrane, and the organ of Corti to vibrate, activating ultimately the acoustic sensor cells, the inner hair cells of the organ of Corti. The transfer function of this complex mechanical system under physiological conditions is modulated by the action of two small muscles of the middle ear, the tensor tympani and stapedius. The tensor tympani arises from the cartilaginous portion of the ...
Neurophysiology
... has been a subject of study since as early as 4,000 B.C. In the early B.C. years, most studies were of different natural sedatives like alcohol and poppy plants. In 1700 B.C., the Edwin Smith surgical papyrus was written. This papyrus was crucial in understanding how the ancient Egyptians understood the nervous system. This papyrus looked at different case studies about injuries to different parts of the body, most notably the head. Beginning around 460 B.C., Hippocrates began to study epilepsy, and theorized that it had its origins in the brain. Hippocrates also theorized that the brain was involved in sensation, and that it was where intelligence was derived from. Hippocrates, as well as most ancient Greeks, believed that relaxation and a stress free environment was crucial in helping treat neurological disorders. In 280 B.C., Erasistratus of Chios theorized that there were divisions in the vestibular processing the brain, as well as deducing from observation that sensation was ...
Long-term potentiation
Before the local protein synthesis hypothesis gained significant support, there was general agreement that the protein synthesis underlying L-LTP occurred in the cell body. Further, there was thought that the products of this synthesis were shipped cell-wide in a nonspecific manner. It thus became necessary to explain how protein synthesis could occur in the cell body without compromising LTP's input specificity. The synaptic tagging hypothesis attempts to solve the cell's difficult problem of synthesizing proteins in the cell body but ensuring they only reach synapses that have received LTP-inducing stimuli. The synaptic tagging hypothesis proposes that a "synaptic tag" is synthesized at synapses that have received LTP-inducing stimuli, and that this synaptic tag may serve to capture plasticity-related proteins shipped cell-wide from the cell body.[47] Studies of LTP in the marine snail Aplysia californica have implicated synaptic tagging as a mechanism for the input-specificity of LTP.[48][49] ...
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
... s can be inhibited themselves through a signaling process called "depolarized-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI)" in CA1 pyramidal cells and cerebellar Purkinje cells.[10][11] In a laboratory setting step depolarizations the soma have been used to create DSIs, but it can also be achieved through synaptically induced depolarization of the dendrites. DSIs can be blocked by ionotropic receptor calcium ion channel antagonists on the somata and proximal apical dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells. Dendritic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials can be severely reduced by DSIs through direct depolarization. Along these lines, inhibitory postsynaptic potentials are useful in the signaling of the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex.[12] EPSPs are amplified by persistent sodium ion conductance in external tufted cells. Low-voltage activated calcium ion conductance enhances even larger EPSPs. The hyperpolarization activated nonselective cation conductance decreases EPSP ...
Action potential
Chronaxie. *Frog battery. *Neural accommodation. *Single-unit recording. *Soliton model in neuroscience ...
Chronaxie - Wikipedia
A reduction in chronaxie occurs during reinnervation. The published values for chronaxie have a wide range. If chronaxie is the ... The chronaxie times of grey matter were reported as being 380 +/- 191 ms and 200±700 ms. Interpretations of chronaxie times are ... Chronaxie varies across different types of tissue: fast-twitch muscles have a lower chronaxie, slow-twitch muscles have a ... Buchanan D. N.; Garven H. S. D. (1926). "Chronaxie in tetany. The effect on the chronaxie of thyreoparathyreoidectomy, the ...
The irritability of the vagus nerves of dogs, as shown by the rheobase and chronaxie, in some types of tetany; and their relief...
Chronaxie | Article about Chronaxie by The Free Dictionary
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical... Explanation of Chronaxie ... Find out information about Chronaxie. The time interval required to excite a tissue by an electric current of twice the ... Chronaxie. Also found in: Dictionary, Medical, Wikipedia.. Related to Chronaxie: rheobase. chronaxie. [′krä‚nak·sē] (physiology ... Subordinative chronaxie is generally more brief than constitutional chronaxie.. The chronaxie of excitable tissues varies; it ...
Encyclopædia Britannica - Fourteenth edition | Britannica.com
Potencial de ação: do estímulo à adaptação neural
Keywords : Action potentials; Physiological adaptation; Chronaxy; Nerve tissue; Ion channels. · abstract in Portuguese · text ... chronaxy; nerve impulse. We conducted a search of articles with a wide time window from 1931 to 2010 and books from 1791 to ... chronaxie, accommodation, and adaptation. CONCLUSION: A stimulus that creates AP, if applied consistently, can reduce the ...
Electrotherapy and Pain Modulation Flashcards by Connor Vankouwenberg | Brainscape
Rheobase - Wikipedia
Chronaxie Ashley, et al. "Determination of the Chronaxie and Rheobase of Denervated Limb Muscles in Conscious Rabbits". ... The x-intercept of the Weiss equation is equal to b x c, or rheobase times chronaxie. This equation suggests that a graph of ... Measurement of chronaxie and rheobase in sural sensory fibers has revealed mild reductions in excitability in diabetics, as ... Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a ...
The mode of action of electrical high frequency stimulation
Frontiers | Direct Electrical Stimulation in Electrocorticographic Brain-Computer Interfaces: Enabling Technologies for Input...
Free Physical Therapy Flashcards about PA: Found of Electro
Exam 3 (continued) Flashcards
the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of Ranvier to the next node, increasing the conduction velocity of action potentials without needing to increase the diameter of an axon. Larger diameter = faster impulse. is the principle that the strength by which a nerve or muscle fiber responds to a stimulus is not dependent on the strength of the stimulus. ...
PT NBCE Steve NBS Flashcards
Predicting Magnetostimulation Thresholds in the Peripheral Nervous System using Realistic Body Models | Scientific Reports
The linear fit of the sinusoidal (R² = 0.9913) and trapezoidal thresholds (R² = 0.9947) reveals chronaxie times of 504 μs and ... It was found that the PNS threshold parameters (i.e., field threshold amplitude and chronaxie of the stimulation threshold ... Recoskie, B. J., Scholl, T. J. & Chronik, B. A. The discrepancy between human peripheral nerve chronaxie times as measured ... as a function of pulse duration were assessed in terms of linearity with a linear fit and in terms of the chronaxie times (i.e ...
Frontiers | Safety Aspects, Tolerability and Modeling of Retinofugal Alternating Current Stimulation | Neuroscience
Irnich, W. (1980). The chronaxie time and its practical importance. Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 3, 292-301. doi: 10.1111/j. ... Irnich, W. (2010). The terms "chronaxie" and "rheobase" are 100 years old. Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 33, 491-496. doi: ... In the future, studies addressing the calculation of rheobase and chronaxie and stimulation with variable pulse parameters ...
Product Listing - ALC
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Implantable cardioverter defibrillator having a smaller displacement volume - Angelon Corporation
The "chronaxie" is that duration which requires a doubling of the rheobase current. The chronaxie time constant dc is thus ... Using the available data on measured defibrillation chronaxie time constants, dc =2.7±0.9 ms is the average chronaxie value for ... Assuming a chronaxie of 2.7 ms and an inter-electrode resistance of 50 Ω, the optimum capacitance value from Eq. 32 is 43 μF. ... 5 that if the chronaxie value dc were zero, the effective current Ipe would simply be Iave, the average current of a monophasic ...
Food irradiation : Wikis (The Full Wiki)
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Plus it
Holsheimer J, Dijkstra EA, Demeulemeester H, et al. Chronaxie calculated from current-duration and voltage-duration data. J ... and chronaxie is the stimulus duration that elicits a response when the stimulus strength is twice that of rheobase. But, of ... having similarities to the concepts of rheobase and chronaxie in neurophysiology 60, 61, might be promising, where rheobase is ...
Strength-Duration Curve - Physiopedia
Chronaxie[edit , edit source]. It is the minimum time required for a current of double the intensity of rheobase to stimulate a ... Chronaxie is inversely proportional to excitability. Thus, its value is greater for denervated muscles.[1] ... The C on the horizontal axis denotes the chronaxie value in ms ...
Neurophysiology : Top topics (The Full Wiki)
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In a significant aspect of the present invention, a preferred device periodically determines the chronaxie and rheobase ... Additionally, a larger chronaxie may result from the leads larger surface area ring electrode which is typically used for a CS ... And thus, the chronaxie value (in milliseconds) may be determined by the following equation with measurements made at duration ... The chronaxie and rheobase may be calculated using the present device. As described below, this calculation may be accomplished ...
Richard A. Jaffe | Stanford Medicine Profiles
Chapter 6: BASIC MUSCULOSKELETAL CONSIDERATIONSExcitable3
- Chronaxie is the tissue-excitability parameter that permits choice of the optimum stimulus pulse duration for stimulation of any excitable tissue. (wikipedia.org)
- Lapicque used constant-current, capacitor-discharge pulses to obtain chronaxie for a wide variety of excitable tissues. (wikipedia.org)
- Lapicque's investigations on the chronaxie of excitable tissues. (yale.edu)
Stimulus4
- Chronaxie (c) is the Lapicque descriptor of the stimulus pulse duration for a current of twice rheobasic (b) strength, which is the threshold current for an infinitely long-duration stimulus pulse. (wikipedia.org)
- The strength-duration time constant (chronaxie) and rheobase are parameters that describe the strength-duration curve-the curve that relates the intensity of a threshold stimulus to its duration. (wikipedia.org)
- chronaxie The shortest time required for excitation of a nerve when the electrical stimulus is twice the threshold intensity required to elicit a response if applied over a pro- longed period. (oilforexprofits.com)
- The current intensity ( I ) required to stimulate the nerve depends on three variables: rheobase ( I r ), chronaxie ( C ), and stimulus duration ( t ). (mhmedical.com)
Tissues1
- This example of the preponderating influence which the condition of the skin and the underlying tissues may exert compels caution in judging the results of chronaxie measurements by percutaneous stimulation. (wikipedia.org)
Duration8
- The minimum energy occurs with a pulse duration equal to chronaxie. (wikipedia.org)
- Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength. (wikipedia.org)
- His equation for determining current I: I = b ( 1 + c d ) , {\displaystyle I=b(1+{c \over d}\,),} where b relates to the rheobase value and c relates to the chronaxie value over duration d. (wikipedia.org)
- The electrical charge Q can be calculated with the following equation: Q = b ( d + c ) {\displaystyle Q=b(d+c)} or Q = I d , {\displaystyle Q=Id,} again, where I is the current is measured in amperes multiplied by duration d. b relates to the rheobase value and c relates to the chronaxie value. (wikipedia.org)
- phase-width duration (in µs, i.e.microseconds) or chronaxie being used. (healthchecksystems.com)
- In a significant aspect of the present invention, a preferred device periodically determines the chronaxie and rheobase corresponding to a strength-duration curve for each site and sets initial controlled energy levels accordingly. (google.com)
- There were analyzed the threshold chronaxy, latent period, duration and amplitude of the action potential (AP) of VR. (vpbm.com.ua)
- Chronaxie -The chronaxie time is the minimum duration (in milliseconds) required to generate an action potential when the current is applied at two times the rheobase level. (mhmedical.com)
Nerve fibre1
- Chronaxie times decreased and rheobase current values increased when retrograde nerve fibre degeneration was simulated. (scielo.org.za)
Lapicque's1
- The terms chronaxie and rheobase were first coined in Louis Lapicque's famous paper on Définition expérimentale de l'excitabilité that was published in 1909. (wikipedia.org)
Measurements3
- I. evidence from chronaxie measurements. (scirp.org)
- Chronaxie Measurements in Patterned Neuronal Cultures from Rat Hippocampus. (emf-portal.org)
- Measurements on the canine heart in situ with block, carried out with currents pulses of rectangular configuration, revealed that, when the Furman method is used, chronaxy and rheobase of the myocardium are dependent on the position of the electrodes. (uu.nl)
Threshold1
- As to the irreversible but not cell death type block was not due to threshold change which was confirmed by measurement of chronaxy in crayfish giant axon before and after lidocaine application. (nii.ac.jp)
Measurement1
- The measurement of chronaxie by means of chronaximetry was formerly a common means of studying man's locomotor activity. (thefreedictionary.com)
Tissue4
- Chronaxie varies across different types of tissue: fast-twitch muscles have a lower chronaxie, slow-twitch muscles have a higher one. (wikipedia.org)
- Constitutional chronaxie is relevant to tissue exclusive of the tissue's neural relationship with the body. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Subordinative chronaxie is relevant to tissue in its natural relationship with the body, and primarily with the central nervous system, which regulates the tissue's activity. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Among the different types of muscle tissue, skeletal striated muscles have the briefest chronaxie. (thefreedictionary.com)
Muscles2
- Consequently, changes in subordinative chronaxie, for example, in that of muscles, reflect changes both in the given muscle and in the central nervous system. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The chronaxie of the heart muscle is more prolonged, and that of the smooth muscles is the most prolonged. (thefreedictionary.com)
Dependent1
- Chronaxie is dependent on the density of voltage-gated sodium channels in the cell, which affect that cell's excitability. (wikipedia.org)
Excitability1
- Chronaxie is inversely proportional to excitability. (physio-pedia.com)
Times4
- It has been reported that large-diameter myelinated axons have chronaxie times ranging from 50 to 100 µs and 30 to 200 µs, and neuronal cell bodies and dendrites have chronaxie times ranging from 1 to 10 ms or even up to 30 ms. The chronaxie times of grey matter were reported as being 380 +/- 191 ms and 200±700 ms. Interpretations of chronaxie times are further confounded by additional factors. (wikipedia.org)
- The chronaxie times reported for soma and dendrites have been established using intracellular pulses that cannot be readily extrapolated to extra- cellular stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
- The x-intercept of the Weiss equation is equal to b x c, or rheobase times chronaxie. (wikipedia.org)
- In psychological tests, it has been determined that the time between the nervous impulse and reaction (chronaxie) takes 3-4 times longer than it would in an adult. (uskbtc.com)
Muscle2
- Chronaxie is the minimum time required for an electric current double the strength of the rheobase to stimulate a muscle or a neuron. (wikipedia.org)
- muscle atrophy and late (3 months) return of motor function, preceded by drop in chronaxie. (thejns.org)
Curve1
- As mentioned, the two important points on the curve are rheobase (b) and chronaxie (c), which correlates to twice the rheobase (2b). (wikipedia.org)
French1
- The concept of chronaxie was introduced in 1909 by the French physiologist L. Lapicque. (thefreedictionary.com)
Present1
- Notice that the chronaxie (c) is not explicitly present here. (wikipedia.org)
Increase1
- Chronaxie values increase resulting from hyperventilation can be ascribed to a change in skin impedance, the physiological factors responsible for this change being under the influence of the autonomic nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
Disease1
- It is the specific free Calling for Help: care of disease neck and is particularly one chronaxie of the congestive compensatory effects. (adams-farm.com)
