Chronaxy
The shortest duration of an electrical stimulus where the threshold amplitude is twice the rheobase - the minimum required for eliciting an ACTION POTENTIAL at any time period. It is a measure of the excitability of nerve or muscle tissue, and is characteristic of types and/or condition of the nerve or muscle cells in the tissue.
Strength-duration relationship for intra- versus extracellular stimulation with microelectrodes. (1/4)
(+info)Effect of pacing rate on the human atrial strength-duration curve. (2/4)
The effect of rapid pacing on the atrial constant voltage stimulation threshold in humans has not been defined at rates applicable to those of antitachycardia pacing. The effect of pacing rate on the atrial strength-duration relation was determined in 10 patients at pacing rates between 125 and 300 beats/min to explore excitability over the range of rates used for permanent antitachycardia pacing systems. Two points that define the strength-duration curve were measured at each pacing rate: rheobase voltage--the lowest stimulus voltage that results in capture at a pulse duration of 2 ms; and chronaxie pulse duration--the threshold pulse duration at twice rheobase voltage. A permanent, tined, J-shaped pacing lead with a high current density and low polarization electrode was positioned in the right atrial appendage for cathodal stimulation. A constant voltage output, incorporating a fast recharge pulse designed to minimize electrode polarization, was used for stimulation. There was a significant increase in rheobase voltage (p = 0.009), chronaxie pulse duration (p = 0.001) and minimal threshold stimulus energy (p = 0.05) at pacing rates greater than 225 beats/min. A rheobase voltage greater than 5 V occurred in three patients at pacing rates greater than or equal to 275 beats/min. At a pacing rate of 300 beats/min, rheobase voltage had increased in 8 of 10 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) (+info)Biophysical properties of the longitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea-pig rectum. (3/4)
1. The membrane properties of the longitudinal muscle layer of the guinea-pig rectum were studied in hypertonic solution (twice the normal Krebs by addition of sucrose) by the micro-electrode technique. To produce the electrotonic potential and spike, stimulating partitions were used.2. Hypertonic solution hyperpolarized the membrane and increased the membrane resistance. However, no change in the space constant was observed before and after treatment with hypertonic solution.3. The appearance and amplitude of the spike became regular after treatment with hypertonic solution and appearance of the overshoot was consistent.4. The characteristic constants and the conduction velocity were measured in hypertonic solution.(i) The space constant of the membrane was 0.81 mm, the time constant of the electrotonic potential was 83.7 msec and the time constant of the foot of the propagated spike was 8.8 msec.(ii) The conduction velocity of the excitation measured by insertions of the two micro-electrodes was 4.4 cm/sec.(iii) The chronaxie of the membrane was 71.3 msec.5. The results obtained from the present experiments were discussed in relation to the cable theory, and it was concluded that the passive properties of the membrane of the rectal smooth muscle could be explained by the cable equations.6. The specificities of the electrical properties of rectal smooth muscle were compared with muscle from other regions of the alimentary canal. (+info)Properties of two unmyelinated fibre tracts of the central nervous system: lateral Lissauer tract, and parallel fibres of the cerebellum. (4/4)
1. Monoplar tungsten micro-electrodes were used to stimulate and platinun plated tungsten micro-electrodes to record from single, unmyelinated cerebellar parallel fibres and lateral Lissauer tract axons in cats. 2. Stimulation of the lateral Lissauer tract resulted in the activation of a narrow, longitudinal 'beam', much as on the cerebellar surface. 3. Following impulse conduction, parallel and Lissauer tract fibres showed a supernormal conduction velocity (up to 25% increase) and increased excitability (up to 40% increase). No subnormality was encountered following supernormality. Some Lissauer tract fibres had prolonged relative refractory periods and no supernormal periods. 4. Chronaxies ranged from 155 to 380 microseconds. 5. Single fibres exhibited a remarkable increase in conduction velocity (up to 18% and excitability (up to 40%) following a single subthreshold stimulus. The duration of this effect (up to 20 msec) was much longer than expected from membrane time constant estimates. (+info)
Chronaxie | Article about Chronaxie by The Free Dictionary
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Chronaxie
A reduction in chronaxie occurs during reinnervation. The published values for chronaxie have a wide range. If chronaxie is the ... The chronaxie times of grey matter were reported as being 380 +/- 191 ms and 200±700 ms. Interpretations of chronaxie times are ... Chronaxie varies across different types of tissue: fast-twitch muscles have a lower chronaxie, slow-twitch muscles have a ... Buchanan D. N.; Garven H. S. D. (1926). "Chronaxie in tetany. The effect on the chronaxie of thyreoparathyreoidectomy, the ...
Rheobase
Chronaxie Ashley, et al. "Determination of the Chronaxie and Rheobase of Denervated Limb Muscles in Conscious Rabbits". ... The x-intercept of the Weiss equation is equal to b x c, or rheobase times chronaxie. This equation suggests that a graph of ... Measurement of chronaxie and rheobase in sural sensory fibers has revealed mild reductions in excitability in diabetics, as ... Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a ...
Janina Hurynowicz
She was the author of many works on Chronaxie and the influence of insulin on the autonomic nervous system and became a ... Hurynowicz, J. (1933). Über die normale und pathologische Chronaxie der vasomotorischen Nerven. Pogoń. Hurynowicz, J. (1947). ...
Liliana Lubińska
While working on her doctorate, she worked in Louis and Marcelle Lapicque's Laboratory of Physiology, investigating chronaxie ...
Electrosurgery
... so called chronaxie). Typically, chronaxie of neural cells is in the range of 0.1-10 ms, so the sensitivity to electrical ...
Jozef Cywinski
Transcutaneous Electro-muscular stimulation Therapy and Relativity of Chronaxie. Invited lecture at International Conference on ...
Marcelle Lapicque
Marcelle de Heredia Lapicque (1873 - 1960) was a French neurophysiologist known for her research on nerve impulses (chronaxie) ... and the effects of poisons, especially strychnine, on chronaxie. She was in charge of the Laboratoire des Hautes-Études General ...
Phonation
This theory states that the frequency of the vocal fold vibration is determined by the chronaxie of the recurrent nerve, and ...
Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital
Arnab Chakraborty) Chronaxie - The Annual Cultural Festival (Name given by Dr. Arnab Chakraborty) Annual Sports meets ...
Action potential
Anode break excitation Bioelectricity Biological neuron model Bursting Central pattern generator Chronaxie Frog battery Law of ...
Electromyography
In September 2019 Facebook bought a startup called CTRL-labs that was working on EMG Chronaxie Compound muscle action potential ...
Sodium channel
Calcium channel - Ion channel complex through which calcium ions pass Chronaxie - Electrophysiology metric Epithelial sodium ...
Electrical injury
Another factor is that cardiac tissue has a chronaxie (response time) of about 3 milliseconds, so electricity at frequencies of ...
Épinal
... specialist of the nervous system and known for his discovery of the chronaxie. Marcel Mauss (1872-1950), father of French ...
Louis Lapicque
Chronaxie in Frédéric Joliot-Curie page 578 by Michel Pinault (Editions Odile Jacob, 2000) Lapicque L (1907). "Recherches ... chronaxie, its meaning and its measure (1926) Nervous machine (1943) Neuromuscular isochronism and rythmogenic excitability ( ...
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Code System Concept
Chronaxie of nerve cell and nerve fiber Active Synonym false false 138475018 Chronaxy of nerve cell and nerve fiber Active ... Chronaxie of nerve cell and nerve fiber, function (observable entity). Code System Preferred Concept Name. Chronaxie of nerve ... Chronaxie of nerve cell and nerve fibre Active Synonym false false 505631016 Chronaxia of nerve cell and nerve fibre Active ... Chronaxie of nerve cell and nerve fiber, function Active Synonym false false ...
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Chronaxie. Sensory Functions. A (alpha). 40-100μs. Predominantly motor neurons. They also have. the following sensory functions ... This is called the chronaxie threshold. It is preferable to keep the pulse width as close to this value for the related nerve ... It can be seen that the stimulation is the most energy efficient at the chronaxie pulse of +- 80μs width as would be expected. ... In the second case even though the total charge transferred to the nerve is the same, because of the chronaxie threshold of 100 ...
External excitation of neurons using electric and magnetic fields in one- and two-dimensional cultures<...
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Duration2
- phase-width duration (in µs, i.e.microseconds) or chronaxie being used. (hammernutrition.com)
- Some conditions affecting intensity and duration thresholds in motor nerves, with reference to chronaxie of subordination. (bvsalud.org)
Rheobase3
- The resulting strength duration curves were analyzed by determining chronaxie and rheobase. (medscape.com)
- [ 15 ] Both models are described by 2 parameters: the rheobase and the chronaxie. (medscape.com)
- This is equivalent to measuring one data point of a strength-duration curve to determine chronaxie and rheobase of our preparation. (medunigraz.at)
Higher chronaxie2
- Activation characteristics of the heart and phrenic nerve are different with higher chronaxie for the heart. (medscape.com)
- In children, rates of response are lower than in adults (less than 20 5 years or even no response 1 year) because of the immaturity of the fibers (higher chronaxie in non-myelinized fibers). (findbinaryoption.com)
Fibers1
- 3) Most, and perhaps all, CNS myelinated fibers have chronaxies of 50-100 musec. (nih.gov)
Gray matter1
- When gray matter is stimulated, the chronaxie is often 200-700 musec. (nih.gov)