Chromosome deletion. Medical search

Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.

The male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans and in some other male-heterogametic species in which the homologue of the X chromosome has been retained.

Congenital conditions of atypical sexual development associated with abnormal sex chromosome constitutions including MONOSOMY; TRISOMY; and MOSAICISM.

Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.

A condition of suboptimal concentration of SPERMATOZOA in the ejaculated SEMEN to ensure successful FERTILIZATION of an OVUM. In humans, oligospermia is defined as a sperm count below 20 million per milliliter semen.

Abnormal number or structure of the SEX CHROMOSOMES. Some sex chromosome aberrations are associated with SEX CHROMOSOME DISORDERS and SEX CHROMOSOME DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT.

In a prokaryotic cell or in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, a structure consisting of or containing DNA which carries the genetic information essential to the cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

The human male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.

Mapping of the KARYOTYPE of a cell.

Short tracts of DNA sequence that are used as landmarks in GENOME mapping. In most instances, 200 to 500 base pairs of sequence define a Sequence Tagged Site (STS) that is operationally unique in the human genome (i.e., can be specifically detected by the polymerase chain reaction in the presence of all other genomic sequences). The overwhelming advantage of STSs over mapping landmarks defined in other ways is that the means of testing for the presence of a particular STS can be completely described as information in a database.

The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.

A type of IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location and size can be determined using fluorescence microscopy. This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei.

Staining of bands, or chromosome segments, allowing the precise identification of individual chromosomes or parts of chromosomes. Applications include the determination of chromosome rearrangements in malformation syndromes and cancer, the chemistry of chromosome segments, chromosome changes during evolution, and, in conjunction with cell hybridization studies, chromosome mapping.

The female sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes in human and other male-heterogametic species.

Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.

A specific pair of human chromosomes in group A (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 1-3) of the human chromosome classification.

The homologous chromosomes that are dissimilar in the heterogametic sex. There are the X CHROMOSOME, the Y CHROMOSOME, and the W, Z chromosomes (in animals in which the female is the heterogametic sex (the silkworm moth Bombyx mori, for example)). In such cases the W chromosome is the female-determining and the male is ZZ. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Very long DNA molecules and associated proteins, HISTONES, and non-histone chromosomal proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE). Normally 46 chromosomes, including two sex chromosomes are found in the nucleus of human cells. They carry the hereditary information of the individual.

Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

The orderly segregation of CHROMOSOMES during MEIOSIS or MITOSIS.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair GROUP C CHROMSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of PLANTS.

Structures within the nucleus of fungal cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

The medium-sized, submetacentric human chromosomes, called group C in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 and the X chromosome.

A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of human chromosomes in group A (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 1-3) of the human chromosome classification.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A specific pair of GROUP B CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

The alignment of CHROMOSOMES at homologous sequences.

Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of MAMMALS.

Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal chromosome constitution in which there is extra or missing chromosome material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment). (from Thompson et al., Genetics in Medicine, 5th ed, p429)

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A specific pair of GROUP F CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, a REPLICATION ORIGIN, for successful replication, propagation to and maintenance as an extra chromosome in bacteria. In addition, they can carry large amounts (about 200 kilobases) of other sequence for a variety of bioengineering purposes.

One of the two pairs of human chromosomes in the group B class (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 4-5).

The human female sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes in humans.

A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

The large, metacentric human chromosomes, called group A in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 1, 2, and 3.

A technique for visualizing CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS using fluorescently labeled DNA probes which are hybridized to chromosomal DNA. Multiple fluorochromes may be attached to the probes. Upon hybridization, this produces a multicolored, or painted, effect with a unique color at each site of hybridization. This technique may also be used to identify cross-species homology by labeling probes from one species for hybridization with chromosomes from another species.

A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

Chromosomes in which fragments of exogenous DNA ranging in length up to several hundred kilobase pairs have been cloned into yeast through ligation to vector sequences. These artificial chromosomes are used extensively in molecular biology for the construction of comprehensive genomic libraries of higher organisms.

A specific pair of GROUP F CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.

The short, submetacentric human chromosomes, called group E in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 16, 17, and 18.

A type of chromosomal aberration involving DNA BREAKS. Chromosome breakage can result in CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION; CHROMOSOME INVERSION; or SEQUENCE DELETION.

The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The medium-sized, acrocentric human chromosomes, called group D in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 13, 14, and 15.

The short, acrocentric human chromosomes, called group G in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 21 and 22 and the Y chromosome.

A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.

An aberration in which a chromosomal segment is deleted and reinserted in the same place but turned 180 degrees from its original orientation, so that the gene sequence for the segment is reversed with respect to that of the rest of the chromosome.

Aberrant chromosomes with no ends, i.e., circular.

The large, submetacentric human chromosomes, called group B in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 4 and 5.

The mechanisms of eukaryotic CELLS that place or keep the CHROMOSOMES in a particular SUBNUCLEAR SPACE.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

A type of chromosome aberration characterized by CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE and transfer of the broken-off portion to another location, often to a different chromosome.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A dosage compensation process occurring at an early embryonic stage in mammalian development whereby, at random, one X CHROMOSOME of the pair is repressed in the somatic cells of females.

The clear constricted portion of the chromosome at which the chromatids are joined and by which the chromosome is attached to the spindle during cell division.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division, occurring during maturation of the GERM CELLS. Two successive cell nucleus divisions following a single chromosome duplication (S PHASE) result in daughter cells with half the number of CHROMOSOMES as the parent cells.

Any cell, other than a ZYGOTE, that contains elements (such as NUCLEI and CYTOPLASM) from two or more different cells, usually produced by artificial CELL FUSION.

The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Structures within the CELL NUCLEUS of insect cells containing DNA.

The short, metacentric human chromosomes, called group F in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 19 and 20.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

Structures which are contained in or part of CHROMOSOMES.

The chromosomal constitution of cells which deviate from the normal by the addition or subtraction of CHROMOSOMES, chromosome pairs, or chromosome fragments. In a normally diploid cell (DIPLOIDY) the loss of a chromosome pair is termed nullisomy (symbol: 2N-2), the loss of a single chromosome is MONOSOMY (symbol: 2N-1), the addition of a chromosome pair is tetrasomy (symbol: 2N+2), the addition of a single chromosome is TRISOMY (symbol: 2N+1).

The phase of cell nucleus division following PROMETAPHASE, in which the CHROMOSOMES line up across the equatorial plane of the SPINDLE APPARATUS prior to separation.

A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

A method (first developed by E.M. Southern) for detection of DNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

The total relative probability, expressed on a logarithmic scale, that a linkage relationship exists among selected loci. Lod is an acronym for "logarithmic odds."

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).

A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.

An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

The possession of a third chromosome of any one type in an otherwise diploid cell.

A terminal section of a chromosome which has a specialized structure and which is involved in chromosomal replication and stability. Its length is believed to be a few hundred base pairs.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

The parts of a transcript of a split GENE remaining after the INTRONS are removed. They are spliced together to become a MESSENGER RNA or other functional RNA.

The genetic constitution of individuals with respect to one member of a pair of allelic genes, or sets of genes that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together such as those of the MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX.

The failure of homologous CHROMOSOMES or CHROMATIDS to segregate during MITOSIS or MEIOSIS with the result that one daughter cell has both of a pair of parental chromosomes or chromatids and the other has none.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Large multiprotein complexes that bind the centromeres of the chromosomes to the microtubules of the mitotic spindle during metaphase in the cell cycle.

Species- or subspecies-specific DNA (including COMPLEMENTARY DNA; conserved genes, whole chromosomes, or whole genomes) used in hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms, to measure DNA-DNA homologies, to group subspecies, etc. The DNA probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the DNA probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin. The use of DNA probes provides a specific, sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive replacement for cell culture techniques for diagnosing infections.

A technique with which an unknown region of a chromosome can be explored. It is generally used to isolate a locus of interest for which no probe is available but that is known to be linked to a gene which has been identified and cloned. A fragment containing a known gene is selected and used as a probe to identify other overlapping fragments which contain the same gene. The nucleotide sequences of these fragments can then be characterized. This process continues for the length of the chromosome.

The number of copies of a given gene present in the cell of an organism. An increase in gene dosage (by GENE DUPLICATION for example) can result in higher levels of gene product formation. GENE DOSAGE COMPENSATION mechanisms result in adjustments to the level GENE EXPRESSION when there are changes or differences in gene dosage.

An individual in which both alleles at a given locus are identical.

Nucleoproteins, which in contrast to HISTONES, are acid insoluble. They are involved in chromosomal functions; e.g. they bind selectively to DNA, stimulate transcription resulting in tissue-specific RNA synthesis and undergo specific changes in response to various hormones or phytomitogens.

DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, all elements, such as a REPLICATION ORIGIN; TELOMERE; and CENTROMERE, required for successful replication, propagation to and maintainance in progeny human cells. In addition, they are constructed to carry other sequences for analysis or gene transfer.

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Susceptibility of chromosomes to breakage leading to translocation; CHROMOSOME INVERSION; SEQUENCE DELETION; or other CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE related aberrations.

An increased tendency to acquire CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS when various processes involved in chromosome replication, repair, or segregation are dysfunctional.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.

An aberration in which an extra chromosome or a chromosomal segment is made.

A microtubule structure that forms during CELL DIVISION. It consists of two SPINDLE POLES, and sets of MICROTUBULES that may include the astral microtubules, the polar microtubules, and the kinetochore microtubules.

The ordered rearrangement of gene regions by DNA recombination such as that which occurs normally during development.

The loss of one allele at a specific locus, caused by a deletion mutation; or loss of a chromosome from a chromosome pair, resulting in abnormal HEMIZYGOSITY. It is detected when heterozygous markers for a locus appear monomorphic because one of the ALLELES was deleted.

Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.

A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.

The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Highly repetitive DNA sequences found in HETEROCHROMATIN, mainly near centromeres. They are composed of simple sequences (very short) (see MINISATELLITE REPEATS) repeated in tandem many times to form large blocks of sequence. Additionally, following the accumulation of mutations, these blocks of repeats have been repeated in tandem themselves. The degree of repetition is on the order of 1000 to 10 million at each locus. Loci are few, usually one or two per chromosome. They were called satellites since in density gradients, they often sediment as distinct, satellite bands separate from the bulk of genomic DNA owing to a distinct BASE COMPOSITION.

The occurrence in an individual of two or more cell populations of different chromosomal constitutions, derived from a single ZYGOTE, as opposed to CHIMERISM in which the different cell populations are derived from more than one zygote.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

Genetic loci associated with a QUANTITATIVE TRAIT.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented twice. Symbol: 2N or 2X.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.

A characteristic symptom complex.

Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

The complete genetic complement contained in the DNA of a set of CHROMOSOMES in a HUMAN. The length of the human genome is about 3 billion base pairs.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Either of the two longitudinally adjacent threads formed when a eukaryotic chromosome replicates prior to mitosis. The chromatids are held together at the centromere. Sister chromatids are derived from the same chromosome. (Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Variation occurring within a species in the presence or length of DNA fragment generated by a specific endonuclease at a specific site in the genome. Such variations are generated by mutations that create or abolish recognition sites for these enzymes or change the length of the fragment.

Plasmids containing at least one cos (cohesive-end site) of PHAGE LAMBDA. They are used as cloning vehicles.

Examination of CHROMOSOMES to diagnose, classify, screen for, or manage genetic diseases and abnormalities. Following preparation of the sample, KARYOTYPING is performed and/or the specific chromosomes are analyzed.

Proteins obtained from the species SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes.

The condition in which one chromosome of a pair is missing. In a normally diploid cell it is represented symbolically as 2N-1.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The locations in specific DNA sequences where CHROMOSOME BREAKS have occurred.

The chromosomal constitution of a cell containing multiples of the normal number of CHROMOSOMES; includes triploidy (symbol: 3N), tetraploidy (symbol: 4N), etc.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

A single nucleotide variation in a genetic sequence that occurs at appreciable frequency in the population.

A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the cytological and molecular analysis of the CHROMOSOMES, and location of the GENES on chromosomes, and the movements of chromosomes during the CELL CYCLE.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Genes that influence the PHENOTYPE both in the homozygous and the heterozygous state.

Processes occurring in various organisms by which new genes are copied. Gene duplication may result in a MULTIGENE FAMILY; supergenes or PSEUDOGENES.

A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.

Specific loci that show up during KARYOTYPING as a gap (an uncondensed stretch in closer views) on a CHROMATID arm after culturing cells under specific conditions. These sites are associated with an increase in CHROMOSOME FRAGILITY. They are classified as common or rare, and by the specific culture conditions under which they develop. Fragile site loci are named by the letters "FRA" followed by a designation for the specific chromosome, and a letter which refers to which fragile site of that chromosome (e.g. FRAXA refers to fragile site A on the X chromosome. It is a rare, folic acid-sensitive fragile site associated with FRAGILE X SYNDROME.)

Genes that influence the PHENOTYPE only in the homozygous state.

The interval between two successive CELL DIVISIONS during which the CHROMOSOMES are not individually distinguishable. It is composed of the G phases (G1 PHASE; G0 PHASE; G2 PHASE) and S PHASE (when DNA replication occurs).

Extra large CHROMOSOMES, each consisting of many identical copies of a chromosome lying next to each other in parallel.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

The material of CHROMOSOMES. It is a complex of DNA; HISTONES; and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell.

Genes whose loss of function or gain of function MUTATION leads to the death of the carrier prior to maturity. They may be essential genes (GENES, ESSENTIAL) required for viability, or genes which cause a block of function of an essential gene at a time when the essential gene function is required for viability.

The full set of CHROMOSOMES presented as a systematized array of METAPHASE chromosomes from a photomicrograph of a single CELL NUCLEUS arranged in pairs in descending order of size and according to the position of the CENTROMERE. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

The first phase of cell nucleus division, in which the CHROMOSOMES become visible, the CELL NUCLEUS starts to lose its identity, the SPINDLE APPARATUS appears, and the CENTRIOLES migrate toward opposite poles.

Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.

The functional hereditary units of FUNGI.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of fungi.

DNA present in neoplastic tissue.

A method for comparing two sets of chromosomal DNA by analyzing differences in the copy number and location of specific sequences. It is used to look for large sequence changes such as deletions, duplications, amplifications, or translocations.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Specific regions that are mapped within a GENOME. Genetic loci are usually identified with a shorthand notation that indicates the chromosome number and the position of a specific band along the P or Q arm of the chromosome where they are found. For example the locus 6p21 is found within band 21 of the P-arm of CHROMOSOME 6. Many well known genetic loci are also known by common names that are associated with a genetic function or HEREDITARY DISEASE.

The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.

The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented once. Symbol: N.

Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal sex chromosome constitution (SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS), in which there is extra or missing sex chromosome material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment).

Genes that inhibit expression of the tumorigenic phenotype. They are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. When tumor suppressor genes are inactivated or lost, a barrier to normal proliferation is removed and unregulated growth is possible.

Genes that are located on the X CHROMOSOME.

Male germ cells derived from SPERMATOGONIA. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo MEIOSIS and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to SPERMATIDS.

A selective increase in the number of copies of a gene coding for a specific protein without a proportional increase in other genes. It occurs naturally via the excision of a copy of the repeating sequence from the chromosome and its extrachromosomal replication in a plasmid, or via the production of an RNA transcript of the entire repeating sequence of ribosomal RNA followed by the reverse transcription of the molecule to produce an additional copy of the original DNA sequence. Laboratory techniques have been introduced for inducing disproportional replication by unequal crossing over, uptake of DNA from lysed cells, or generation of extrachromosomal sequences from rolling circle replication.

Sequences of DNA in the genes that are located between the EXONS. They are transcribed along with the exons but are removed from the primary gene transcript by RNA SPLICING to leave mature RNA. Some introns code for separate genes.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

Overlapping of cloned or sequenced DNA to construct a continuous region of a gene, chromosome or genome.

Proteins found in any species of fungus.

An aberrant form of human CHROMOSOME 22 characterized by translocation of the distal end of chromosome 9 from 9q34, to the long arm of chromosome 22 at 22q11. It is present in the bone marrow cells of 80 to 90 per cent of patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, MYELOGENOUS, CHRONIC, BCR-ABL POSITIVE).

The variable phenotypic expression of a GENE depending on whether it is of paternal or maternal origin, which is a function of the DNA METHYLATION pattern. Imprinted regions are observed to be more methylated and less transcriptionally active. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

The degree of replication of the chromosome set in the karyotype.

A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.

Structures within the nucleus of archaeal cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Sexual dimorphism in white campion: complex control of carpel number is revealed by y chromosome deletions. (1/6089)

Sexual dimorphism in the dioecious plant white campion (Silene latifolia = Melandrium album) is under the control of two main regions on the Y chromosome. One such region, encoding the gynoecium-suppressing function (GSF), is responsible for the arrest of carpel initiation in male flowers. To generate chromosomal deletions, we used pollen irradiation in male plants to produce hermaphroditic mutants (bsx mutants) in which carpel development was restored. The mutants resulted from alterations in at least two GSF chromosomal regions, one autosomal and one located on the distal half of the (p)-arm of the Y chromosome. The two mutations affected carpel development independently, each mutation showing incomplete penetrance and variegation, albeit at significantly different levels. During successive meiotic generations, a progressive increase in penetrance and a reduction in variegation levels were observed and quantified at the level of the Y-linked GSF (GSF-Y). Possible mechanisms are proposed to explain the behavior of the bsx mutations: epigenetic regulation or/and second-site mutation of modifier genes. In addition, studies on the inheritance of the hermaphroditic trait showed that, unlike wild-type Y chromosomes, deleted Y chromosomes can be transmitted through both the male and the female lines. Altogether, these findings bring experimental support, on the one hand, to the existence on the Y chromosome of genic meiotic drive function(s) and, on the other hand, to models that consider that dioecy evolved through multiple mutation events. As such, the GSF is actually a system containing more than one locus and whose primary component is located on the Y chromosome. (+info)

Sexual dimorphism in white campion: deletion on the Y chromosome results in a floral asexual phenotype. (2/6089)

White campion is a dioecious plant with heteromorphic X and Y sex chromosomes. In male plants, a filamentous structure replaces the pistil, while in female plants the stamens degenerate early in flower development. Asexual (asx) mutants, cumulating the two developmental defects that characterize the sexual dimorphism in this species, were produced by gamma ray irradiation of pollen and screening in the M1 generation. The mutants harbor a novel type of mutation affecting an early function in sporogenous/parietal cell differentiation within the anther. The function is called stamen-promoting function (SPF). The mutants are shown to result from interstitial deletions on the Y chromosome. We present evidence that such deletions tentatively cover the central domain on the (p)-arm of the Y chromosome (Y2 region). By comparing stamen development in wild-type female and asx mutant flowers we show that they share the same block in anther development, which results in the production of vestigial anthers. The data suggest that the SPF, a key function(s) controlling the sporogenous/parietal specialization in premeiotic anthers, is genuinely missing in females (XX constitution). We argue that this is the earliest function in the male program that is Y-linked and is likely responsible for "male dimorphism" (sexual dimorphism in the third floral whorl) in white campion. More generally, the reported results improve our knowledge of the structural and functional organization of the Y chromosome and favor the view that sex determination in this species results primarily from a trigger signal on the Y chromosome (Y1 region) that suppresses female development. The default state is therefore the ancestral hermaphroditic state. (+info)

Microdeletion 22q11 and oesophageal atresia. (3/6089)

Oesophageal atresia (OA) is a congenital defect associated with additional malformations in 30-70% of the cases. In particular, OA is a component of the VACTERL association. Since some major features of the VACTERL association, including conotruncal heart defect, radial aplasia, and anal atresia, have been found in patients with microdeletion 22q11.2 (del(22q11.2)), we have screened for del(22q11.2) by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) in 15 syndromic patients with OA. Del(22q11.2) was detected in one of them, presenting with OA, tetralogy of Fallot, anal atresia, neonatal hypocalcaemia, and subtle facial anomalies resembling those of velocardiofacial syndrome. The occurrence of del(22q11.2) in our series of patients with OA is low (1/15), but this chromosomal anomaly should be included among causative factors of malformation complexes with OA. In addition, clinical variability of del(22q11.2) syndrome is further corroborated with inclusion of OA in the list of the findings associated with the deletion. (+info)

Low-copy repeats mediate the common 3-Mb deletion in patients with velo-cardio-facial syndrome. (4/6089)

Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans. It occurs with an estimated frequency of 1 in 4, 000 live births. Most cases occur sporadically, indicating that the deletion is recurrent in the population. More than 90% of patients with VCFS and a 22q11 deletion have a similar 3-Mb hemizygous deletion, suggesting that sequences at the breakpoints confer susceptibility to rearrangements. To define the region containing the chromosome breakpoints, we constructed an 8-kb-resolution physical map. We identified a low-copy repeat in the vicinity of both breakpoints. A set of genetic markers were integrated into the physical map to determine whether the deletions occur within the repeat. Haplotype analysis with genetic markers that flank the repeats showed that most patients with VCFS had deletion breakpoints in the repeat. Within the repeat is a 200-kb duplication of sequences, including a tandem repeat of genes/pseudogenes, surrounding the breakpoints. The genes in the repeat are GGT, BCRL, V7-rel, POM121-like, and GGT-rel. Physical mapping and genomic fingerprint analysis showed that the repeats are virtually identical in the 200-kb region, suggesting that the deletion is mediated by homologous recombination. Examination of two three-generation families showed that meiotic intrachromosomal recombination mediated the deletion. (+info)

Delineation of the critical deletion region for congenital heart defects, on chromosome 8p23.1. (5/6089)

Deletions in the distal region of chromosome 8p (del8p) are associated with congenital heart malformations. Other major manifestations include microcephaly, intrauterine growth retardation, mental retardation, and a characteristic hyperactive, impulsive behavior. We studied genotype-phenotype correlations in nine unrelated patients with a de novo del8p, by using the combination of classic cytogenetics, FISH, and the analysis of polymorphic DNA markers. With the exception of one large terminal deletion, all deletions were interstitial. In five patients, a commonly deleted region of approximately 6 Mb was present, with breakpoints clustering in the same regions. One patient without a heart defect or microcephaly but with mild mental retardation and characteristic behavior had a smaller deletion within this commonly deleted region. Two patients without a heart defect had a more proximal interstitial deletion that did not overlap with the commonly deleted region. Taken together, these data allowed us to define the critical deletion regions for the major features of a del8p. (+info)

Severe mental retardation in a boy with partial trisomy 10q and partial monosomy 2q. (6/6089)

A severely mentally subnormal child with many physical stigmata was shown to have the karyotype 46,XY,-2,+der(2),t(2;10)(q31;q24)pat. Full evaluation of this patient's karyotype depended on the family studies. It was shown that a balanced translocation t(2,10) was present in 4 normal males in 3 generations. (+info)

Renal function studies in an infant with 4p (-) syndrome. (7/6089)

An infant with the syndrome of deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 is described. In addition, this child had renal insufficiency, which is found rarely in association with the 4p(--) syndrome. Previous reports of this syndrome have described only isolated gross structural abnormalites of the urinary tract. In the case discussed here, we present clinical and functional data which indicate that this patient had bilateral renal dysplasia. (+info)

A case of ring chromosome. (8/6089)

A girl with a G22 ring chromosome is described. There are few physical abnormalities, performance quotient is in the low normal range but verbal skills are much retarded. (+info)

The cause of this form is deletion of the Xp21 gene on the X chromosome. Patients have increased levels of serum creatine ... Females have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome. The expression of recessive genes on the X chromosome ... "Chromosome Xp21 Deletion Syndrome". Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 8 ... This is due to the fact that genes present on the Y chromosome do not pair up with genes on the X chromosome in males. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol_kinase_deficiency

CHM Chromosome 22q13.3 deletion syndrome; 606232; SHANK3 Chromosome 5q14.3 deletion syndrome; 613443; MEF2C Chrondrodysplasia, ... LHCGR Premature chromosome condensation with microcephaly and mental retardation; 606858; MCPH1 Premature ovarian failure 2B; ... chromosome 6-linked; 600110; ELOVL4 Macular dystrophy, patterned; 169150; PRPH2 Macular dystrophy, retinal, 2; 608051; PROM1 ... due to 5q deletion, somatic; 153550; RPS14 Macrothrombocytopenia and progressive sensorineural deafness; 600208; MYH9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OMIM_disorder_codes

"CHROMOSOME 1q41-q42 DELETION SYNDROME". Online Medical Inheritance in Man. Retrieved 2011-10-31. v t e. ... A congenital diaphragmatic hernia is consistent with chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome, and the report by Smith et al. ... diaphragmatic hernia and Fallot's tetralogy associated with a chromosome 1;15 translocation". Clinical Dysmorphology. 3 (4): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Martin_Dodd_syndrome

"OMIM Entry - # 158170 - CHROMOSOME 9p DELETION SYNDROME". www.omim.org. Retrieved 2017-03-10.. ... Monosomy 9p (also known as Alfi's Syndrome or simply 9P-) is a rare chromosomal disorder in which there is deletion (monosomy) ... of a portion of chromosome 9. Symptoms include microgenitalia, intellectual disability with microcephaly and dysmorphic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosomy_9p

"OMIM Entry - # 615656 - CHROMOSOME 15q11.2 DELETION SYNDROME". www.omim.org. Retrieved 2015-10-02.. [permanent dead link] ... While the deletion was over-represented in cases vs controls (1 in 126 cases had the deletion) suggesting that it likely does ... In a large population-based study,[5] 1 in 292 people in the general population had this deletion. ... Assuming that 1% have intellectual disability, for example, this would imply penetrance of ~1.3% for the deletion - i.e. 98.7% ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnside-Butler_syndrome

Deletion: a piece of chromosome is lost, together with any genes which may be on it. ... a smaller chromosome is added into a longer chromosome. *Translocation: part of a chromosome gets moved onto another chromosome ... This means changes to the DNA or to the chromosomes which carry the DNA. These changes are heritable (can be passed on to the ... Chromosome mutations[change , change source]. These terms are explained in the third diagram. ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutations

"Entrez Gene: Chromosome 17p13.1 deletion syndrome". Carvalho CM, Vasanth S, Shinawi M, Russell C, Ramocki MB, Brown CW, et al ... Chromosome 17p13.1 deletion syndrome is a protein in humans that is encoded by the DEL17P13.1 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEL17P13.1

Chromosome 1q21.1 deletion syndrome is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DEL1Q21 gene. "Entrez Gene: Chromosome 1q21.1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEL1Q21

Slee JJ, Smart RD, Viljoen DL (1991). "Deletion of chromosome 13 in Moebius syndrome". J. Med. Genet. 28 (6): 413-4. doi: ... Ziter FA, Wiser WC, Robinson A (1977). "Three-generation pedigree of a Möbius syndrome variant with chromosome translocation". ... to human chromosome 12q15-q21". Genomics. 44 (1): 150-2. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4859. PMID 9286714. "Entrez Gene: PPP1R12A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP1R12A

Chromosome 16p12.2-p11.2 deletion syndrome is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DEL16P12.1P11.2 gene. "Entrez Gene: ... Chromosome 16p12.2-p11.2 deletion syndrome". Retrieved 2014-03-12. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEL16P12.1P11.2

Slee JJ, Smart RD, Viljoen DL (June 1991). "Deletion of chromosome 13 in Moebius syndrome". J. Med. Genet. 28 (6): 413-414. doi ... Some cases are associated with reciprocal translocation between chromosomes or maternal illness. In the majority of cases of ... Nishikawa M, Ichiyama T, Hayashi T, Furukawa S (February 1997). "Möbius-like syndrome associated with a 1;2 chromosome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Möbius_syndrome

... is caused by a deletion on the p11.3 area of the X-chromosome. Aldred, M. A.; Dry, K. L.; Knight-Jones, E. B.; ... "OMIM Entry - # 300578 - CHROMOSOME Xp11.3 DELETION SYNDROME". omim.org. Retrieved 2019-04-28. v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldred_syndrome

A clonal chromosome deletion 2p21 was found in endomyometriosis by Verhest et al. while Pai evidenced a strict relationship ... Verhest A, Simonart T, Noel JC (1996). A unique clonal chromosome 2 deletion in endomyometriosis. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1996; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterus-like_mass

3p deletion syndrome; Chromosome Deletion Dillan 4p Syndrome (Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome); Gorlin syndrome (Basal Cell Nevus ... "Chromosome 3p- syndrome , Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. ... Syndrome); Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Frontometaphyseal dysplasia; ATRX syndrome; Chromosome 9q34 Microdeletion Syndrome or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibrow

... is a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 18. The majority of deletions have breakpoints between 45,405,887 and ... is a genetic condition caused by a deletion of genetic material within one of the two copies of chromosome 18. The deletion ... De Grouchy J, Royer P, Salmon C, Lamy M (1964). "Deletion partielle du bras longs du chromosome 18". Path Biol (Paris). 12: 579 ... Proximal 18q- "OMIM Entry - # 601808 - CHROMOSOME 18q DELETION SYNDROME". omim.org. Retrieved 2017-03-27. Heard PL, Carter EM, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distal_18q-

October 2006). "Lenalidomide in the myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosome 5q deletion". The New England Journal of Medicine ... or intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndromes who have chromosome 5q deletion syndrome (5q- syndrome) with or without ... deletion syndrome but no other cytogenetic abnormalities and are dependent on red blood cell transfusions, for whom other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenalidomide

... the chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndromes". Lancet. 370 (9596): 1443-52. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61601-8. PMID 17950858. ... It has 2 mutations that are similar to the two mutations of 22q11.2 - deletion and duplication. The first mutation is L411P and ... June 2007). "Mutations in TBX1 genocopy the 22q11.2 deletion and duplication syndromes: a new susceptibility factor for mental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genocopy

Since at least 1974, the deletion in the long arm of chromosome 5 has been known to be associated with dysplastic abnormalities ... Lenalidomide: Effective in reducing red blood cell transfusion requirement in patients with the chromosome 5q deletion subtype ... October 2006). "Lenalidomide in the myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosome 5q deletion". The New England Journal of Medicine ... "Distinct haematological disorder with deletion of long arm of no. 5 chromosome". Nature. 251 (5474): 437-8. Bibcode:1974Natur. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelodysplastic_syndrome

Lee AS, Seo YC, Chang A, Tohari S, Eu KW, Seow-Choen F, McGee JO (September 2000). "Detailed deletion mapping at chromosome ... Mutations in these genes can include single nucleotide substitutions, single nucleotide additions/deletions, deletion of the ... "Chromosome 17 deletions and p53 gene mutations in colorectal carcinomas". Science. 244 (4901): 217-21. Bibcode:1989Sci...244.. ... "Genome-wide interrogation of Mammalian stem cell fate determinants by nested chromosome deletions". PLOS Genet. 6 (12): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_gene_identification

"Chromosome 20 long arm deletion in an elderly malformed man". J. Med. Genet. 30 (2): 171-3. doi:10.1136/jmg.30.2.171. PMC ... Chromosome 20 open reading frame 111, or C20orf111, is the hypothetical protein that in humans is encoded by the C20orf111 gene ... EntrezGene 51526: C20orf111 chromosome 20 open reading frame 111 Genecards Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, et al. (2001). " ... C20orf111 a valid, protein coding gene that is found on the minus strand of chromosome 20 at q13.12 by searching the UCSC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSER1

Momma, K.; Matsuoka, R.; Takao, A. (2014). "Aortic Arch Anomalies Associated with Chromosome 22q11 Deletion (CATCH 22)". ... The causes of right-sided aortic arch are still unknown, 22q11 deletions have been found in some people with this condition. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-sided_aortic_arch

... larger portion of a chromosome, or even an entire arm of a chromosome; translocations, deletions, and duplications of entire ... chromosomes; and increases and decreases in the expression of intact genes due to, e.g. the methylation of gene promotors and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cell_leukemia

Ionizing radiation can cause deletions in chromosomes. If a developing organism such as a fetus is irradiated, it is possible a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_waste

... (genetics), deletion of a gene or chromosome segment, symbolized in the literature by a Δ symbol ... This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Deletion. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to ... Deletion (music industry), a term for removing a record from a label's catalog ... File deletion, a way of removing a file from a computer's file system ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delete

Genuardi M, Calvieri F, Tozzi C, Coslovi R, Neri G (Oct 1994). "A new case of interstitial deletion of chromosome 3q, del(3q)( ... Mackie Ogilvie C, Rooney SC, Hodgson SV, Berry AC (Mar 1998). "Deletion of chromosome 3q proximal region gives rise to a ... Humans with a deletion in one allele of the GAP43 gene fail to form telencephalic commissures and are mentally retarded.[10][11 ... Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[14][21] Twenty five ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAP-43

In some cases, deletions involving chromosome 22 are involved. Sphenoid wing meningiomas are diagnosed by the combination of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenoid_wing_meningioma

... is a rare chromosomal anomaly caused by the deletion of a small amount of material from a region in the long arm of chromosome ... It is typified by deletion of the HNF1B gene, resulting in kidney abnormalities and renal cysts and diabetes syndrome. It also ... Moreno de Luca D, Mulle JG, Kaminsky EB, Sanders SJ (7 January 2011). "Deletion 17q12 Is a Recurrent Copy Number Variant that ... Roehlen N, Hilger H, Stock F, Gläser B, Guhl J, Schmitt-Graeff A, Seufert J, Laubner K (October 2018). "17q12 Deletion Syndrome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17q12_microdeletion_syndrome

This mutation is located at chromosome position 7630859, and is a deletion. The bulk of L140+ men belong to L140 subgroups. U1 ... Z725 is found at chromosome position 7957070 and is a deletion. This subgroup is rare because virtually all tested L43+/S147+ ... The chromosome locations are given as 15932714 and rs35141399, and the mutation is from C to T. The forward primer is ... L660 is found at position 12511525 on the Y chromosome and is a change from C to A. L662 is found at position 16446702 and is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_G-P303

Human chromosome 5 deletions that remove three adjacent genes, those for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, ... Human chromosome translocations between the PDGFRB gene and at least any one of 30 genes on other chromosomes lead to myeloid ... Nimer SD (2006). "Clinical management of myelodysplastic syndromes with interstitial deletion of chromosome 5q". Journal of ... small deletions in and chromosome translocations causing fusions between PDGFRB and any one of at least 30 genes can cause ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDGFRB

"Distinctive phenotype in 9 patients with deletion of chromosome 1q24-q25". American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. 155A ( ... Furthermore, miR199-214 cluster deletion in mouse lead to skeletal development abnormalities including craniofacial defects, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiR-214

大多數人類基因擁有許多的外顯子，且人類的內含子比位在其兩端的外顯子更長。這些基因參差不齊地分佈在染色體中，每一個染色體皆含有一些基因較多的區段與基因較少的區段。這些區段的差異，則與染色體帶（chromosome bands）及GC含量相關。基因密度所顯現 ... deletion）、插入（insertion）、複寫（duplication），以及複雜多位

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/人類基因組

This gene is one of several homeobox HOXD genes located in a cluster on chromosome 2. Deletions that remove the entire HOXD ... This article on a gene on human chromosome 2 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.. *v ... Mammals possess four similar homeobox gene clusters, HOXA, HOXB, HOXC and HOXD, located on different chromosomes, consisting of ... "Clustering of two fragile sites and seven homeobox genes in human chromosome region 2q31→q32.1". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 90 (1-2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOXD8

Lamin A/C gene and a related sequence map to human chromosomes 1q12.1-q23 and 10. Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. March 1993, 19 (2): ... a 50-amino acid deletion in prelamin A (amino acids 607-656) removes the site for the second endoproteolytic cleavage. ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/LMNA

It further contends that only a minority of the genetic material is kept in circular chromosomes while the rest is in branched ... RNA editing is the insertion, deletion, and substitution of nucleotides in a mRNA transcript prior to translation to protein. ... The new cpDNA structures separate, creating daughter cpDNA chromosomes. In addition to the early microscopy experiments, this ... "Circular chloroplast chromosomes: the grand illusion". The Plant Cell. 16 (7): 1661-6. doi:10.1105/tpc.160771. PMC 514151 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast_DNA

... in males with normal chromosomes because they have only one X chromosome and few of the same genes are on the Y chromosome. ... due to mutations or deletions in the other alleles.[4] ... A chromosome in a diploid organism is hemizygous when only one ... Most eukaryotes have two matching sets of chromosomes; that is, they are diploid. Diploid organisms have the same loci on each ... In some cases the term "zygosity" is used in the context of a single chromosome.[1] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterozygote

... replication of the chromosome involves about 2 million DNA synthesis reactions for each arm of the chromosome over 40 to 80 min ... and insertion/deletion polymorphisms at five chromosomal loci.[6] C. crescentus is synonymous with Caulobacter vibrioides.[1] ... Chromosome replication and cell division only occurs in the stalked cell stage. Its name derives from its crescent shape caused ... The Caulobacter CB15 genome has 4,016,942 base pairs in a single circular chromosome encoding 3,767 genes.[7] The genome ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caulobacter_crescentus

These unique chromosomes are produced by recombination of each unique chromosome passed by each grandparent to each parent. ... Scully LJ, Toze C, Sengar DP, Goldstein R (May 1993). "Early-onset autoimmune hepatitis is associated with a C4A gene deletion ... These chromosome chimerize within the reproductive cells of each parent which are then passed to the developing person during ... The recombination that creates these blended chromosomes occurs almost randomly along the length, 1 Morgan per generation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA_A1-B8-DR3-DQ2

These tumors show a high frequency of co-deletions of the p and q arms of chromosome 1 and chromosome 19 respectively (1p19q co ... Mutations and deletions of so-called tumor suppressor genes, such as P53, are thought to be the cause of some forms of brain ... deletion) and have been found to be especially chemosensitive with one report claiming them to be one of the most ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumors

Because RPS6KA3 is located on the X chromosome, males (who possess only one copy of the X chromosome) display more severe ... In 2002, Helen Fryssira and RJ Simensen identified a 3 base pair deletion in the gene encoding RSK2, which was the first report ... The syndrome is caused by mutations in the RPS6KA3 gene.[1] This gene is located on the short arm of the X chromosome (Xp22.2 ... A condition is considered X-linked if the gene that causes the disorder is located on the X chromosome (one of the two sex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffin–Lowry_syndrome

Deletion in the 22q11.2 region of chromosome 22 has been associated with schizophrenia and autism.[22][23] Schizophrenia and ... "Same DNA deletion paves paths to autism, schizophrenia , Spectrum". Spectrum. 2016-10-18. Retrieved 2016-11-13.. ... The disease is caused by a defect in a single gene on chromosome 12 that codes for enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase , that ... Frizzle feather was found to stem from a deletion in the genomic region coding for α-Keratin. This gene seems to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiotropic

The chromosomes can be seen in blue. The chromosome that is labeled with green and red spots (upper left) is the one where the ... Examples of diseases that are diagnosed using FISH include Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, 22q13 deletion syndrome, ... Then, an interphase or metaphase chromosome preparation is produced. The chromosomes are firmly attached to a substrate, ... Probes that hybridize along an entire chromosome are used to count the number of a certain chromosome, show translocations, or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescence_in_situ_hybridization

Differences between the X chromosome and Y chromosome versions of the amelogenin gene (AMELX and AMELY respectively) enable it ... AMELX's intron 1 contains a 6 bp deletion relative to intron 1 of AMELY. This can be detected at low cost using Polymerase ... The amelogenin gene's location on sex chromosomes has implications for variability both between the X chromosome form (AMELX) ... The amelogenin gene has been most widely studied in humans, where it is a single copy gene, located on the X and Y chromosomes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelogenin

describen o uso de cromosomas artificiais de lévedo (YAC, Yeast Artificial Chromosome),[41] e Kulesh et al. sentan as bases dos ... "Comparative analysis of algorithms for identifying amplifications and deletions in array CGH data". Bioinformatics 21 (19). ... "Cloning of Large Segments of Exogenous DNA into Yeast by Means of Artificial Chromosome Vectors" (PDF). Science 236 (4803). ... "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature 402 (402). ISSN 0028-0836, págs. 489-495. ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioloxía_computacional

condensed chromosome. • nuclear chromosome, telomeric region. • nucleus. • nuclear chromatin. • lateral element. • cytosol. • ... Under-expression of miR-148b* and miR-193b* cause an observed induction of RAD51 expression.[40] Deletions of 148b* and miR- ... nuclear chromosome. • mitochondrial matrix. • nucleolus. • mitochondrion. • perinuclear region of cytoplasm. • chromatin. • ... condensed nuclear chromosome. • macromolecular complex. Biological process. • regulation of protein phosphorylation. • strand ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rad51

DEL16p13.3, RSTSS: Chromosome 16p13.3 deletion syndrome (Rubinstein-Taybi deletion syndrome). *DHX38: DEAH-box helicase 38 ... Chromosome 16 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome ... "Chromosome 16". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2017-05-06.. *. "Chromosome 16". Human Genome Project Information Archive ... "Chromosome 16: Chromosome summary - Homo sapiens". Ensembl Release 88. 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2017-05-19.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_16

21] See the classic paper McClintock B 1951 "Chromosome Organization and Genic Expression" (Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. ... In 2004, Wigler and Jonathan Sebat discover that enhancements and deletions of genetic material called copy number variations ... Carol Greider, who in 1992 discovered a relationship between cellular aging and damage to the ends of chromosomes, called ... devoted to the study of DNA replication and chromosome maintenance. Stillman is credited with the 1991 discovery and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Additional screens ... located on chromosome 8q24.1, is upregulated in 8q+ breast cancer and indicates poor clinical outcome in stage I and II disease ... to human chromosome region 8q24.1". Genomics. 44 (1): 141-3. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4825. PMID 9286711. Sharpe LJ, Brown AJ (Jun ... to human chromosome region 8q24.1". Genomics. 44 (1): 141-3. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4825. PMID 9286711. Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalene_monooxygenase

選擇可以作用在基因而非個體的層級，即使降低個體的適應度，自私DNA仍然可以演化，造成基因組內部衝突。例子包括跳躍子、減數分裂驅動者（meiotic drivers）、殺手X染色體（killer X chromosomes）、自私粒線體（selfish ... deletion）、反轉（inversion）和轉移（translocation）。[13] ... Thomas Jr, C. A. The genetic organization of chromosomes (PDF). Annual review of genetics. 1971, 5 (1): 237-256. （原

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/分子演化

... called 46/47 XY/XXY mosaic wherein some of the patient's cells contain XY chromosomes, and some contain XXY chromosomes. The 46 ... Monosomies/deletions. *1q21.1 deletion syndrome/1q21.1 duplication syndrome/TAR syndrome *1. *Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome *4 ... where a fly possessing two X chromosomes is a female and a fly possessing a single X chromosome is a sterile male, a loss of an ... This may be caused by a nondisjunction event in an early mitosis, resulting in a loss of a chromosome from some trisomic cells. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaicism

2015). "Antiquity and diversity of aboriginal Australian Y-chromosomes". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 159 (3): ... The panel's recommendations, reported to the federal government in January 2012,[116] included deletion of provisions of the ... "Reduced Y-Chromosome, but Not Mitochondrial DNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New Guinea". The American Journal of ... "Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis". Proceedings of the National Academy of ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_Australians

A substitution or deletion of this gene in mice can produce variants of the mutant undulated which is characterized by ... 2002). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature. 414 (6866): 865-71. doi:10.1038/414865a. ... is mapped to human chromosome 20p11.2 by in situ hybridization (ISH and FISH)". Genomics. 14 (3): 740-4. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAX1

SMN1 is located in a telomeric region of human chromosome 5 and also contains SMN2 in a centromeric region. SMN1 and SMN2 are ... Most SMA patients have either point mutations or a deletion in exon 7 often leading to a protein product similar to the ... The SOD1 gene on chromosome 21 that codes for the superoxide dismutase protein is associated with 2% of cases and is believed ... Todd TW, Petrucelli L (August 2016). "Insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of Chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics_of_neurodegenerative_diseases

The human PRNP gene is located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 20 between the end (terminus) of the arm and position 12, ... When Aβ oligomers were injected into the cerebral ventricles of a mouse model of Alzheimer's, PRNP deletion did not offer ... as PRNP deletion has been prophylactically implemented by the cattle industry without apparent harm.[54] In mice, this same ... the deletion of PRNP in both APPswe and SEN1dE9, two other transgenic models of Alzheimer's, attenuated the epilepsy-induced ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRNP

"Angelman and Prader-Willi syndromes share a common chromosome 15 deletion but differ in parental origin of the deletion". Am. J ... chromosome 15q partial deletion, and the particular syndrome that will develop depends on whether the mutation is inherited ... Methylation of cytosines can also persist from the germ line of one of the parents into the zygote, marking the chromosome as ... These are normal genetic diseases caused by gene deletions or inactivation of the genes, but are unusually common because ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic

Since the deletion takes place on the q arm of chromosome 11, it is also called 11q terminal deletion disorder.[1] The deletion ... The size of deletion may vary across patients, but the deletion always occurs at the end terminal of the q arm of chromosome 11 ... If de novo deletion occurs then both the parents have normal chromosomes, and chances that another child will have the deletion ... The affected children have deletions on chromosome 11 as well as some extra genetic material from another chromosome.[13] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobsen_syndrome

Cytogenetic testing is the study of chromosomes to detect gains or losses of chromosomes or chromosome segments using ... These mutations include nonsense, missense, splice site mutation, and intragenic deletions/insertions. Deletion/duplication ... The mouse TWIST gene is located on chromosome 12 in mice, which corresponds to the short arm of chromosome 7 in humans. With ... Occasionally, individuals with SCS have a chromosome translocation, inversion, or ring chromosome 7 involving 7p21 resulting in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saethre–Chotzen_syndrome

Alternative splicing or deletion caused by a translocation event in this paternally-expressed region is responsible for Prader- ... 1996). "Imprint switching on human chromosome 15 may involve alternative transcripts of the SNRPN gene". Nat. Genet. 14 (2): ... SNRPN-methylation is used to detect uniparental disomy of chromosome 15.[6] After fluorescent-in-situ-hybridization has ... Färber C, Dittrich B, Buiting K, Horsthemke B (1999). "The chromosome 15 imprinting centre (IC) region has undergone multiple ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNRPN

Examples of chromosome abnormalities include aneuploidy, chromosomal rearrangements, and genomic deletion/duplication disorders ... Chromosome studies[edit]. Chromosome studies are used in the general genetics clinic to determine a cause for developmental ... Chromosome painting is a technique that uses fluorescent probes specific for each chromosome to differentially label each ... A large number of different methods have been developed for chromosome analysis:. *Chromosome analysis using a karyotype ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_Genetics

Male birds have two Z chromosomes (ZZ), and female birds have a W chromosome and a Z chromosome (WZ).[62] ... The template below (Library resources box) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a ... Chromosomes. Birds have two sexes: either female or male. The sex of birds is determined by the Z and W sex chromosomes, rather ... than by the X and Y chromosomes present in mammals. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird

... monosomy 1p36 or the chromosome deletion at the 1p36 band of the human chromosome. ... A closer look at the signs and symptoms of one of the most familiar case of chromosome aberration, ... Monosomy 1p36 or the deletion of the chromosome band 1p36 (on the outermost band on the short arm of chromosome 1), has been ... A look at one of the most familiar case of chromosome aberration - 1p36 chromosome deletion - its signs and symptoms and some ...

https://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/65527.aspx

He was diagnosed with chromosome 1q42-1q44 deletion about 1 yr. ago. So far, that means that we have a diagnosis,but dont know ... Chromosome 1 deletion. Hi! My name is Audrey and my sons name is Keaton. He was diagnosed with chromosome 1q42-1q44 deletion ... Chromosome 1 deletion keatonsmom Hi! My name is Audrey and my sons name is Keaton. He was diagnosed with chromosome 1q42-1q44 ... Hello, I am wholeheartedly with you, my baby is born with a deletion of chromosome 1 and has not survived. He had a series of ...

https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Children---Special-Needs/New-Here-Chromosome-1-deletion/show/392874

12 patients with chromosome 12 deletion experience fatigue, depressed mood, pain, anxious mood, and insomnia. ... Find the most comprehensive real-world symptom and treatment data on chromosome 12 deletion at PatientsLikeMe. ... What is chromosome 12 deletion?. Chromosome 12 deletion is a chromosomal abnormality where part of chromosome 12 has been ... 0 chromosome 12 deletion patients report mild anxious mood (0%). * 1 a chromosome 12 deletion patient reports no anxious mood ( ...

https://www.patientslikeme.com/conditions/2466-chromosome-12-deletion

Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11.. Carnevale A, Blanco B, Grether P, Castillejos AR. ... A female patient with an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 is described. Her growth and psychomotor ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=3498432%5Buid%5D

The minimal region of deletion occurred at 39.6 centimorgans (cM). Duplication of chromosome 4 at 10 to 35 cM occurred in 68.0 ... The medial portion of chromosome 4 was deleted in 66.0% +/- 12.0 of the cell lines. FISH mapping and CGH array further narrowed ... Alteration in copy number and expression of the genes on chromosome 4 may play a functional role in lung cancer development and ... Analysis of genes within the deleted region of chromosome 4 demonstrated decreased expression of the cell cycle inhibitory ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/20032941.html

Chromosome 2q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on ... 2q37 deletion syndrome "Chromosome 2q deletion - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program". ... Features that often occur in people with chromosome 2q deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavior ... Most cases are not inherited, but people can pass the deletion on to their children. Treatment is based on the signs and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_2q_deletion

Identification of a de novo chromosome 11q12.3 deletion in MZ twins with Poland Syndrome. A) Array-CGH profile of chromosome 11 ... which also showed that the deletion occurred on the paternal chromosome. The deletion spans the entire sequence of the ... Chromosome 11q deletion Congenital abnormalities Monozygotic twins Poland syndrome CNV HRASLS5 HRASLS2 RARRES3 PLA2G16 ... in whom a deletion at chromosome 11q12.3 was identified by array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). The deletion ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186%2F1471-2350-15-63

A region of consistent deletion in neuroblastoma maps within human chromosome 1p36.2-36.3. P S White, J M Maris, C Beltinger, E ... Deletion of the short arm of human chromosome 1 is the most common cytogenetic abnormality observed in neuroblastoma. To ... A region of consistent deletion in neuroblastoma maps within human chromosome 1p36.2-36.3 ... A region of consistent deletion in neuroblastoma maps within human chromosome 1p36.2-36.3 ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/92/12/5520?ijkey=7c81c3930f411c843aa6bb556fd6145d66723941&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Chromosome 15q trisomy Genetics Genetic deletion "Chromosome15q deletion". nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-08-05. "15q deletion" (PDF ... Chromosome 15q partial deletion is a rare human genetic disorder, caused by a chromosomal aberration in which the long ("q") ... Deletions of regions of chromosome 15 (notably regions 15q15 and 15q22) on several types of human tumours suggest the presence ... In addition to deletions, uniparental disomy of chromosome 15 also gives rise to the same genetic disorders, indicating that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_15q_partial_deletion

The deletion encompassed 14.5Mb of DNA. Molecular studies showed that the two telomeric breakpoints were within the same DNA ... We report on two unrelated patients with a proximal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 21. ... Chromosome Breakage. Chromosome Deletion*. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 / genetics*. Female. Humans. Kyphosis / genetics*. Male ... We report on two unrelated patients with a proximal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 21. The deletion encompassed 14.5Mb ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Pure-proximal-deletion-chromosome-21/17890169.html

Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 1994 May;10(1):1-6. Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt; Research Support, U.S. Govt, P.H.S. ... Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 1994 May;10(1):1-6.. Deletion mapping reveals two regions of chromosome 8 allele loss in colorectal ... We found allele loss in 33% of our cases, which involves two separate regions, one in the p-terminal region of the chromosome, ... The short arm of chromosome 8 is one of these regions; loss of heterozygosity occurs at rates ranging from 30 to 50%. To define ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7519868?dopt=Abstract

Children born with a DNA abnormality on chromosome 16 already linked to neurodevelopmental problems show measurable delays in ... Brain imaging links language delay to chromosome deletion in children with neuro disorders CHOP-led study suggests pathway ... Brain imaging links language delay to chromosome deletion in children with neuro disorders. Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia ... This research is at an early stage, Roberts stressed, adding that the biological mechanisms underlying the chromosome deletion ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-02/chop-bil021815.php

Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion disorder in humans. The disease demonstrates ... Analysis of Genomic Structures Involved in Chromosome 22q Deletion Syndrome. Speaker:. Steven Pastor, PhD Candidate. School of ... Analysis of Genomic Structures Involved in Chromosome 22q Deletion Syndrome. Monday, December 3, 2018 ... In roughly 90% of affected individuals, a de novo heterozygous ~3 million base pair deletion occurs from an aberrant ...

https://drexel.edu/biomed/news-and-events/events-calendar/details/?eid=21882&iid=61901

... that flank the deletion breakpoints and distinguish the C57BL/6J and deletion-carrying C3H or 101 chromosomes. The results of ... and the deletion carrying C3H or 101 chromosomes. The piebald deletion stock mice used in the complementation and phenotype ... which is absent in the 15DttMb deletion chromosome. On the basis of the presence of D14Mit93, four deletions (9ThW, 48UThc, ... Deletion alleles used in the various complementation crosses are shown below the chromosome. The centromere is on the left and ...

https://www.genetics.org/content/157/2/803

Donate now to increase awareness and research into chromosome disorders. Chromosome Disorder Outreach is a 501(c)(3) non-profit ... Chromosome Disorder Outreach, Inc, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. P.O. Box 724. Boca Raton FL 33429. 561-395-4252 A COPY ... Help us in our efforts to raise awareness of rare chromosome disorders by visiting our online store. ... Chromosome Disorder Outreach, Inc.. P.O. Box 724. Boca Raton, FL 33429-0724 ...

https://chromodisorder.org/tag/14q32-2-deletion/

Patients with deletions of chromosome 6p22-p24 reveal characteristic facial features and intellectual disability (ID). JARID2 ... Patients with deletions of chromosome 6p22-p24 reveal characteristic facial features and intellectual disability (ID). The loss ... Donate now to increase awareness and research into chromosome disorders. Chromosome Disorder Outreach is a 501(c)(3) non-profit ... You are donating to : Chromosome Disorder Outreach, Inc, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. How much would you like to donate ...

https://chromodisorder.org/latest-research-articles/chromosome-6p22-p24-deletion-jarid2-gene-mutation/

Jian Zhou, John R. McCarrey, and P. Jeremy Wang "A 1.1-Mb Segmental Deletion on the X Chromosome Causes Meiotic Failure in Male ... Here we report the deletion of a 1.1-Mb segment of the mouse X chromosome that is syntenic with the human Xq22.1 region and ... Jian Zhou, John R. McCarrey, P. Jeremy Wang "A 1.1-Mb Segmental Deletion on the X Chromosome Causes Meiotic Failure in Male ... A 1.1-Mb Segmental Deletion on the X Chromosome Causes Meiotic Failure in Male Mice. ...

https://bioone.org/journals/biology-of-reproduction/volume-88/issue-6/biolreprod.112.106963/A-11-Mb-Segmental-Deletion-on-the-X-Chromosome-Causes/10.1095/biolreprod.112.106963.short

We describe 2 children with a partial deletion of chromosome 18 and chronic arthritis. A boy with r(18)(p11.3; q23) lacked ... Chromosome Aberrations*. Chromosome Deletion*. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18*. Chronic Disease. Dysgammaglobulinemia / genetics. ... We describe 2 children with a partial deletion of chromosome 18 and chronic arthritis. A boy with r(18)(p11.3; q23) lacked ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Chronic-arthritis-in-two-children/3625639.html

Cardiovascular Anomalies in Patients Diagnosed With a Chromosome 22q11 Deletion Beyond 6 Months of Age. Doff B. McElhinney, ... Cardiovascular Anomalies in Patients Diagnosed With a Chromosome 22q11 Deletion Beyond 6 Months of Age ... Cardiovascular Anomalies in Patients Diagnosed With a Chromosome 22q11 Deletion Beyond 6 Months of Age ... Cardiovascular Anomalies in Patients Diagnosed With a Chromosome 22q11 Deletion Beyond 6 Months of Age ...

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/108/6/e104.comments

Author Summary β-defensins are small molecules, considered primarily to be antimicrobials and important in the first defence response to invading organisms. They are predominantly produced at surfaces in contact with the outside environment and these include skin, airway and reproductive tract. We show here that when we delete from the mouse a subset of nine β-defensin genes, surprisingly the main consequence is that the male mice are completely infertile. When normal sperm leave the male and enter the female reproductive tract they are triggered to undergo a reaction that alters the membrane properties of the sperm and allows fertilisation. We show here that sperm isolated from the male mice, that no longer make these β-defensins, are prematurely ready to fertilise an egg. It is far too early for this to happen and as a consequence the sperm are severely reduced in their ability to move and have a major defect in the structure of their tail. We provide evidence that the reason this has happened is

https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003826

UC Davis researchers have found that for children with the genetic disorder known as chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome ... The currently preferred name of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome identifies the location on the twenty-second chromosome ... UC Davis researchers have found that for children with the genetic disorder known as chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome ... Higher anxiety is associated with poorer functioning in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Targeted ...

http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/cme/7035

Ive read in several posts on this site about the 1p19q chromosome deletions topic, and that several readers of this list have ... The reason given is that knowing if a patient has the 1p19q chromosome deletion is only helpful for lower grade gliomas in ... The disagreement with the deletions was this: OHSU feels that the lack of the gene deletions are a definite prognostic factor ... I dont know how far to push this with my sons NO as I have a feeling that knowing if he has the deletion or not wont really ...

https://csn.cancer.org/node/229753

Chromosome 17 deletions and p53 gene mutations in colorectal carcinomas. By SJ Baker, ER Fearon, JM Nigro, Hamilton SR, AC ... Chromosome 17 deletions and p53 gene mutations in colorectal carcinomas. By SJ Baker, ER Fearon, JM Nigro, Hamilton SR, AC ... Chromosome 17 deletions and p53 gene mutations in colorectal carcinomas Message Subject. (Your Name) has forwarded a page to ... Twenty chromosome 17p markers were used to localize the common region of deletion in these tumors to a region contained within ...

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/244/4901/217?ijkey=2cc37257c53ea16cced9869f2247564ba1dfad35&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

... only the ADAMTS9-MAGI1 deletion showed a significant association, with an odds ratio of 1.94. A deletion between the HLA-C and ... A deletion between the ADAMTS9 and MAGI1 genes was associated with psoriatic arthritis and is unrelated to purely cutaneous ... The ADAMTS9-MAGI1 deletion occurred significantly less often in patients with cutaneous psoriasis (PsC) than in PsA patients, ... and there was no significant difference in deletion frequency between the control group and the PsC group. ...

https://www.pm360online.com/chromosome-deletion-linked-to-psa-risk/

Specific cloning of DNA fragments absent from the DNA of a male patient with an X chromosome deletion. L M Kunkel, A P Monaco, ... Specific cloning of DNA fragments absent from the DNA of a male patient with an X chromosome deletion ... Specific cloning of DNA fragments absent from the DNA of a male patient with an X chromosome deletion ... Specific cloning of DNA fragments absent from the DNA of a male patient with an X chromosome deletion ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/82/14/4778?ijkey=a2223d46f3d6f717e354e36b6abd51d0c49f8764&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Taking the 1400 papers about the 22q11.2 deletion and the clinical conditions with which it was associated, we generate a ... 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (DS). The case of 22q11.2DS extends our understanding of genomic designation - the delineation and ... reveals that the 22q11.2 deletion acted as a boundary object that unified clinical literatures and led to the emergence of a ... "The chromosome 22q11.2 deletion: From the unification of biomedical fields to a new kind of genetic condition," Social Science ...

https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v75y2012i9p1633-1641.html

... a rare chromosome deletion syndrome in new-born babies - by lighting up the entire building in red lights. The awareness... ... a rare chromosome deletion syndrome in new-born babies - by lighting up the entire building in red lights. ...

https://www.chronicle.gi/world-trade-center-raises-awareness-for-rare-chromosome-deletion-syndrome/

Deletions of chromosome 8p are frequently found in several tumor types and are often associated with progressive disease. In ... In conclusion, we could show a close correlation of chromosome 8p deletions and progression of papillary bladder tumors. The ... Allelic loss on chromosome 8p in at least one marker was found in 25/99 (25%) tumors. There was a significant correlation of 8p ... There were neither mutations in the coding region of sFRP1 nor homozygous deletions at 8p12-11.21. However, promoter ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/3700068?error=cookies_not_supported&code=5b87afb6-2662-4a7e-b1a3-749b2a2fd138

... locus on mouse Chromosome (Chr) 4. These mutations, many of which are deletions, were recovered by the specific-locus ... Previous analysis of a panel of brown deletions … ... deletion complex of mouse chromosome 4 Mamm Genome. 1995 Jun;6( ... We have used a panel of hybrid DNA from 25 Oak Ridge deletions, where the deleted chromosome was heterozygous with a Mus ... locus on mouse Chromosome (Chr) 4. These mutations, many of which are deletions, were recovered by the specific-locus ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7647459/?dopt=Abstract

Jacobsen syndrome: chromosome deletion at 11q23 You will receive an email whenever this article is corrected, updated, or cited ... Jacobsen syndrome: chromosome deletion at 11q23. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, October 1998, Vol. 98, ... Jacobsen syndrome: chromosome deletion at 11q23. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1998;98(10):551. doi: 10.7556/jaoa.1998.98.10.551. ... Karotype revealed a de novo deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11, del (11)(q23), which has been previously described as ...

https://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2099324

Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion disorder in humans. (drexel.edu)
UC Davis researchers have found that for children with the genetic disorder known as chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome anxiety ― but not intelligence ― is linked to poorer adaptive behaviors, such as self-care and communication skills, that affect daily life. (ucdavis.edu)
MIND Institute researchers Kathleen Ankustsiri and Tony Simon with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome patient Mariana Syed. (ucdavis.edu)
Our study confirmed our impressions from seeing patients with 22q deletion syndrome that those with more severe anxiety symptoms tend to be most impaired in their everyday functioning," said Kathleen Angkustsiri , lead study author and assistant professor of developmental-behavioral pediatrics with the UC Davis MIND Institute . (ucdavis.edu)
The currently preferred name of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome identifies the location on the twenty-second chromosome where a small piece of DNA is missing. (ucdavis.edu)
Children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome have a high prevalence of mental-health disorders such as anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and IQs usually are in the borderline-to-low range. (ucdavis.edu)
Mean anxiety scores were found to be significantly higher in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome than in typically developing children. (ucdavis.edu)
This analysis, supplemented by historical research and fieldwork with relevant experts and the advocates of affected children conducted during 2011-12, reveals that the 22q11.2 deletion acted as a 'boundary object' that unified clinical literatures and led to the emergence of a new kind of medical condition: 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (DS). (repec.org)
World Trade Center Gibraltar will be showing their support and raising awareness for the International Day of Syndrome 22Q11 - a rare chromosome deletion syndrome in new-born babies - by lighting up the entire building in red lights. (chronicle.gi)
Karotype revealed a de novo deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11, del (11)(q23), which has been previously described as Jacobsen syndrome. (jaoa.org)
I have a 2 year old son with a micro deletion on the 15th chromosome (prader willi syndrome) and we've hit the jackpot twice another son with an additional x chromosome (klinefelters or 47xxy). (babycentre.co.uk)
The syndrome is caused by heterozygous contiguous gene deletions of variable size on chromosome 11, involving a region that encompasses more than 100 genes, many of which have unknown function in humans. (clinicaltrials.gov)
In our preliminary studies, we have observed that approximately two-thirds of patients with WAGR syndrome have deletion of the gene which encodes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and that BDNF haploinsufficiency is associated with obesity and with parent reports of hyperphagia and impaired nociception, suggesting that BDNF may play an important role in human energy balance as well as pain sensation. (clinicaltrials.gov)
We now propose to conduct a comprehensive clinical phenotype-genotype study on patients with WAGR syndrome and other 11p deletions. (clinicaltrials.gov)
More detailed information about the symptoms , causes , and treatments of Chromosome 10p deletion syndrome is available below. (rightdiagnosis.com)
p12-11.2 Deletion Syndrome can cause unusual facial features, developmental delays, small head circumference, & increased risk of kidney tumor. (healthtap.com)
I am wondering if people living with c-18Q- chromosomal deletion syndrome have trouble fighting off infections or have low levels of iga. (healthtap.com)
My daughter has deletion 22q chromosome syndrome. (healthtap.com)
Could be myelodysplastic syndrome with fanconi's anemia , or one of several other aberrations that may arise from chromosome 7 abnormalities. (healthtap.com)
1p36 deletion syndrome is a chromosome disorder that typically causes severe intellectual disability . (nih.gov)
1p36 deletion syndrome is caused by a deletion of genetic material from a specific region in the short (p) arm of chromosome 1 . (nih.gov)
only about 20% of the cases of people with 1p36 deletion syndrome inherit the chromosome with a deleted segment from an unaffected parent. (nih.gov)
Identification of critical regions for clinical features of distal 10q deletion syndrome. (nih.gov)
In fact, patients with a deletion of the region have a disorder called 16p11.2 deletion syndrome . (highlighthealth.com)
A new study involving researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) has uncovered genetic clues that may help identify which patients with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) might develop schizophrenia. (medicalxpress.com)
Using common genetic variation to examine phenotypic expression and risk prediction in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, Nature Medicine (2020). (medicalxpress.com)
Another patient with chromosome 18 deletion syndrome and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. (jrheum.org)
Distal Chromosome 18q Deletion Syndrome, also known as deletion of long arm of chromosome 18 , is related to chromosome 18p deletion syndrome and chromosome 18q deletion syndrome , and has symptoms including seizures , tremor and joint laxity . (malacards.org)
25 Distal 18q deletion syndrome is a chromosomal condition that occurs when a piece of the long (q) arm of chromosome 18 is missing. (malacards.org)
Distal 18q deletion syndrome can lead to a wide variety of signs and symptoms among affected individuals. (malacards.org)
Lenalidomide promotes p53 degradation by inhibiting MDM2 auto-ubiquitination in myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosome 5q deletion. (harvard.edu)
Chromosome 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome: 2.5 Mb deletion in a patient with renal anomalies, intractable seizures and a choledochal cyst. (harvard.edu)
BACKGROUND: Haploinsufficiency of the ribosomal protein S14 RPS14 gene, located in the common deleted region of chromosome 5q, is a potential causal factor of 5q- syndrome. (druglib.com)
The microdeletion of chromosome 22q11.2 is the most common human deletion syndrome. (springer.com)
The deletion has been identified in most patients with DiGeorge syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome and conotruncal anomaly face syndrome. (springer.com)
Less commonly a genetic disorder like chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome can be the culprit condition. (springer.com)
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is associated with cognitive deficits and morphometric brain abnormalities in childhood and a markedly elevated risk of schizophrenia in adolescence/early adulthood. (uncg.edu)
The COMT gene is thought to contribute to the cognitive/psychiatric phenotypes in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (uncg.edu)
BACKGROUND: The 17q21.31 deletion syndrome phenotype can be caused by either chromosome deletions or point mutations in the KANSL1 gene. (uzh.ch)
CONCLUSIONS: In KANSL1 haploinsufficiency syndrome, chromosome deletions are greatly prevalent compared with KANSL1 mutations. (uzh.ch)
Chromosome 11q partial deletion , also known as Jacobsen syndrome, is a rare genetic condition. (globalgenes.org)
2010). An extended 1.7-Mb deletion of chromosome 16p11.2 containing both the 220-kb region and the proximal 593-kb region associated autism (see 611913) has been reported in 2 patients with a syndrome of autism, mental retardation, and obesity and in 2 patients with pervasive developmental disorder, auditory processing difficulties, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder but not obesity. (malacards.org)
Chromosome 16p11.2 Deletion Syndrome, 220-Kb, is also known as chromosome 16p11.2 deletion syndrome, 220kb . (malacards.org)
An important gene associated with Chromosome 16p11.2 Deletion Syndrome, 220-Kb is BMIQ16 (Chromosome 16p11.2 Deletion Syndrome, 220kb). (malacards.org)
Atypical cortical connectivity and visuospatial cognitive impairments are related in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (escholarship.org)
BACKGROUND:Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is one of the most common genetic causes of cognitive impairment and developmental disability yet little is known about the neural bases of those challenges. (escholarship.org)
CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that atypical development of connective patterns in the brains of children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome indicate a neuropathology that is related to the visuospatial cognitive impairments that are commonly found in affected individuals. (escholarship.org)
Monosomy 13q14 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13, characterized by developmental delay, variable degrees of intellectual disability, retinoblastoma and craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. (mendelian.co)
Hybrid cell lines, obtained after fusion of rodent cells with leukocytes from a patient with the aniridia-Wilms' tumor syndrome and carrying a specific constitutional deletion in chromosome #11 (del.11p13), were assayed for the presence of the c-Ha-ras1 oncogene. (stanford.edu)
This sequence has recently been assigned to the p-arm of chromosome #11 and, hence, has been suggested to be involved in the development of renal tumors in patients with this syndrome. (stanford.edu)
The extent of the deletion suggests that this unique syndrome is related to the complete absence of these genes' products, one of which may be essential for the synthesis of mitochondrial encoded proteins. (mysciencework.com)
Since the baby had findings strongly suggestive of DiGeorge syndrome, the FISH study to detect a possible deletion in the critical 22q11.2 region was done using DNA probe specific for the 22q11.2 locus. (biomedcentral.com)
Children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome commonly are found to have morphological brain changes, cognitive impairments, and elevated rates of psychopathology. (elsevier.com)
The most helpful information you will find is through support groups, like Marie Montroy's original Yahoo Chromosome 6 Deletion Syndrome group , and others now available through social networking sites like Facebook . (hope4katy.com)
It us common for kids with chromosome 6 deletion to carry the phenotype of Prader Wili syndrome. (hope4katy.com)
One example of a genetic syndrome caused by a deletion is called "Cri du Chat," where part of the #5 chromosome is missing or deleted. (rochester.edu)
One example of a rare genetic disorder of duplication is called Pallister Killian syndrome, where part of the #12 chromosome is duplicated. (rochester.edu)
Pallister Killian syndrome is a result of extra #12 chromosome material. (rochester.edu)
22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a disorder involving heart defects, an opening in the roof of the mouth (a cleft palate), distinctive facial features, low calcium levels, and an increased risk of behavioral problems and mental illness such as schizophrenia. (medlineplus.gov)
Most people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are missing about 3 million base pairs on one copy of chromosome 22 in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)
The loss of a particular gene, TBX1 , is thought to be responsible for many of the physical features characteristic of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Additional genes in the deleted region likely contribute to the varied signs and symptoms of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
This sequence is the same one that is missing in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
22q13.3 deletion syndrome, which is also commonly known as Phelan-McDermid syndrome, is caused by a deletion near the end of the long (q) arm of chromosome 22. (medlineplus.gov)
A ring chromosome 22 can also cause 22q13.3 deletion syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
The signs and symptoms of 22q13.3 deletion syndrome are probably related to the loss of multiple genes at the end of chromosome 22. (medlineplus.gov)
The loss of a particular gene, SHANK3 , is thought to be responsible for many of the characteristic features of 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, such as developmental delay, intellectual disability, and absent or severely delayed speech. (medlineplus.gov)
19p13.13 deletion syndrome results from the deletion of a small piece of the short (p) arm of chromosome 19 in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Major features of 19p13.13 deletion syndrome include an unusually large head size (macrocephaly), tall stature, delayed development of speech and motor skills (such as sitting and walking), and intellectual disability that is usually moderate in severity. (medlineplus.gov)
The signs and symptoms of 19p13.13 deletion syndrome result from the loss of multiple genes in the deleted region. (medlineplus.gov)
Phelan-McDermid syndrome/22q13 deletion syndrome/chromosome 22q13.3 deletion syndrome/telomeric 22q13 monosomy syndrome. (nature.com)
Phelan-McDermid syndrome can result from simple 22q13 deletions, ring chromosomes and unbalanced translocations. (nature.com)
My 20 month old son was diagnosed w/ 10Q deletion syndrome. (medhelp.org)
chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome, Distal Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. (nicklauschildrens.org)
Therefore, the condition is now called "22q11.2 Deletion syndrome. (nicklauschildrens.org)
Approximately 1 in 4000 people has Deletion 22q11.2 syndrome. (nicklauschildrens.org)
Deletion 22q11 syndrome is caused by a deletion on the long arm of chromosome 22 at 22q11.2. (nicklauschildrens.org)
In the Deletion 22q11 syndrome, the majority of affected individuals have a small piece missing (called a deletion) from the long ("q") arm of one of their copies of chromosome 22. (nicklauschildrens.org)

Monosomy 1p36 or the deletion of the chromosome band 1p36 (on the outermost band on the short arm of chromosome 1), has been recognized as one of the most common case of chromosome deletion with incidence of 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 10,000. (brighthub.com)
Moreover, monosomy of chromosome 7 and 7q deletions have been associated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with aggressive disease and poor prognosis. (haematologica.org)
The issues related to the role of Y chromosome deletions in the origins of X chromosome monosomy and X/XY mosaicism are discussed. (deepdyve.com)
Other possible changes include the presence of an extra piece of the chromosome in each cell (partial trisomy 19) or the absence of a larger segment of the chromosome in each cell (partial monosomy 19). (medlineplus.gov)

To define the region of common deletion containing the putative tumor suppressor gene, we analyzed a series of 87 carcinomas for allele loss in different regions of the short arm of chromosome 8 by using Southern blot analysis and a panel of polymorphic probes. (nih.gov)
These findings suggest the presence of two discrete genes related to colorectal carcinogenesis on the short arm of chromosome 8. (nih.gov)
Previous studies have demonstrated that allelic deletions of the short arm of chromosome 17 occur in over 75% of colorectal carcinomas. (sciencemag.org)
In this study we analyzed prostate cancer specimens from 52 patients for allelic loss using 8 polymorphic probes for the short arm of chromosome 8. (aacrjournals.org)
Deletion of the short arm of chromosome 10 with retarded psychomotor development and variable abnormalities, including dwarfism, craniofacial dysmorphism (downslanting palpebral fissures, anteverted nostrils, and eye and ear anomalies), deformed hands and feet, cryptorchidism, and dysplasia of the olfactory system. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Interstitial deletions in the short arm of chromosome 1 are infrequent. (figshare.com)
People with this condition are missing anywhere from about 300,000 DNA building blocks (300 kilobases or 300 Kb) to more than 3 million DNA building blocks (3 megabases or 3 Mb) on the short arm of chromosome 19. (medlineplus.gov)

Taking the 1400 papers about the 22q11.2 deletion and the clinical conditions with which it was associated, we generate a network of papers tied by citations for each of the last 35 years. (repec.org)
The chromosome 22q11.2 deletion: From the unification of biomedical fields to a new kind of genetic condition ," Social Science & Medicine , Elsevier, vol. 75(9), pages 1633-1641. (repec.org)
Jack was nine days old when the Genetics team came to speak with us about chromosome 22q11.2 deletion . (chop.edu)
In fact, the leading research on chromosome 22q11.2 deletion is conducted there. (chop.edu)
This work is an important next step in better understanding the causes of behavioral health differences associated with the chromosome 22q11.2 deletion," said co-author Donna McDonald-McGinn, MS, LCGC, Director of the 22q and You Center and, Associate Director of Clinical Genetics, Chief of the Section of Genetic Counseling at CHOP, Clinical Professor of Pediatrics at UPenn and Co-Principle Investigator of the IBBC. (medicalxpress.com)
Although the funding for the IBBC ended in 2017, this important work continues through another NIH-funded program entitled the Genes to Mental Health Network (G2MH), where we have expanded our target populations to include other chromosomal deletions and duplications that have associated behavioral phenotypes, including the 22q11.2 deletion and duplication syndromes and the 16p11.2 deletion and duplication syndromes, among others. (medicalxpress.com)
We think early post zygotic events (mitotic non-allelic homologous recombination) could have been played a role in the alteration of 22q11.2 deletion size and, thus phenotypic variability in the monozygotic twins. (biomedcentral.com)
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion is a disorder that occurs when a small part of chromosome 22 is missing at birth. (nicklauschildrens.org)
Once a person has a 22q11.2 deletion, the risk for having a child affected with similar problems is 50 percent. (nicklauschildrens.org)
What are the symptoms of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion? (nicklauschildrens.org)
A wide variety of symptoms are related to chromosome 22q11.2 deletion. (nicklauschildrens.org)
What are chromosome 22q11.2 deletion care options? (nicklauschildrens.org)
The Clinic brings together a full array of specialists to consult collaboratively in the wide array of symptoms that result from 22q11.2 deletion. (nicklauschildrens.org)

They carry a de novo heterozygous 126 Kbp deletion at chromosome 11q12.3 involving 5 genes, four of which, namely HRASLS5 , RARRES3 , HRASLS2 , and PLA2G16 , encode proteins that regulate cellular growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, mainly through Ras-mediated signaling pathways. (springer.com)
In roughly 90% of affected individuals, a de novo heterozygous ~3 million base pair deletion occurs from an aberrant recombination mediated by low copy repeats (LCRs) in the chromosome 22q11.2 region. (drexel.edu)
We have used a panel of hybrid DNA from 25 Oak Ridge deletions, where the deleted chromosome was heterozygous with a Mus spretus chromosome, to map polymorphic markers including microclones, microsatellites, and cloned DNA markers. (nih.gov)
Mice heterozygous for the semidominant mutation coloboma (Cm/+) were identified that carried a deletion of Snap gene sequence. (jneurosci.org)
We showed that a single heterozygous 20q deletion consistently resulted in the complete loss of expression of the imprinted genes L3MBTL1 and SGK2, indicative of a pathogenetic role for loss of the active paternally inherited locus. (salford.ac.uk)
Deletion of 12p was found in 13.7% of cancers and included 13.5% heterozygous and 0.2% homozygous deletions. (oncotarget.com)

In the SLT experiments, genetic lesions including point mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, and intra- and multilocus deletions were recovered at seven different loci that when mutated yield viable and readily visible recessive phenotypes. (genetics.org)
Yet, partial AZFc deletions yield phenotypes ranging from normospermia to azoospermia, thwarting definite conclusions on their real impact on fertility. (biomedcentral.com)
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Ring chromosomes are often associated with abnormal phenotypes because of loss of genomic material at one or both ends. (uzh.ch)
However, owing to this complex structure, aneuploid stocks can be developed in which fragments or entire chromosomes are missing, sometimes resulting in visible phenotypes that help in the cloning of affected genes. (inrae.fr)

As genes controlling cell growth and differentiation may be related to morphological defects originating during development, we postulate that the observed chromosome deletion could be causative of the phenotype observed in the twin girls and the deleted genes could play a role in PS development. (springer.com)
The phenotype observed in the two patients was very different, as patient 2, who had the largest deletion, had severe kyphosis not observed in patient 1. (biomedsearch.com)
The region of deletion contains 129 genes, none of which have any clear association with the patient's phenotype in the literature. (thefreelibrary.com)
Nonrandom distribution of markers with null alleles suggests that the Li 2 phenotype results from a 176- to 221-kb deletion of the terminal region of chromosome 18 that may have been masked in prior pooled-sample mapping strategies. (plantphysiol.org)
The lack of causative association between the deletion of specific gene copies and infertility suggests that AZFc gene content might be part of a multifactorial network, with Y-lineage evolution emerging as a possible phenotype modulator. (biomedcentral.com)
In some cases no deletion has been detected and the abnormal phenotype has been attributed to mitotic ring instability. (uzh.ch)
Prevalence of chromosome deletions compared with point mutations, genotype-phenotype correlations and phenotypic variability have yet to be fully clarified. (uzh.ch)
METHODS: We report genotype-phenotype correlations in 27 novel subjects with 17q21.31 deletion and in 5 subjects with KANSL1 point mutation, 3 of whom were not previously reported. (uzh.ch)
We report on a pair of male monozygotic twins with 22q11.2 microdeletion, discordant phenotype and discordant deletion size. (biomedcentral.com)
This observation indicates that altered size of the deletion may be the underlying etiology for the discordance in phenotype in monozygotic twins. (biomedcentral.com)

It was also found out from recent studies that 50%-75% of those with 1p36 deletion are more prone to congenital heart diseases and observed to possess structural heart defects such as ventricular and atrial abnormalities and heart valvular defects to name a few. (brighthub.com)
Moreover, the same percentage of children with this chromosomal deletion suffer from opthalmologic abnormalities such as refractive errors, strabismus and visual inattention. (brighthub.com)
Chromosomal deletions can cause a variety of physical or mental abnormalities depending on what part of the chromosome is affected. (patientslikeme.com)
To identify potential mutants for SNAP- 25, mice bearing mutations mapping to this region of Chromosome 2 were screened for Snap gene abnormalities. (jneurosci.org)
A rare chromosomal disorder where there is a deletion of the short arm (p) of chromosome 10 resulting in variable abnormalities. (rightdiagnosis.com)
I have been told my son has an abnormalities in the brain and delition of chromosome 2, what does it mean? (healthtap.com)
Among LOH+ve cases 3 showed chromosome 7 monosomies, whereas no cytogenetically detectable abnormalities were observed in chromosome 7 in the remaining 13. (haematologica.org)
Our study represents the first report of a significant association between LOH and recurrent chromosomal abnormalities in AL patients suggesting that the 7q21-q36, region may be an unstable area prone to chromosome breakage in patients with an abnormal karyotype. (haematologica.org)
We investigated 33 different ring chromosomes in patients with phenotypic abnormalities by array based comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). (uzh.ch)
What are structural chromosome abnormalities? (rochester.edu)
Structural chromosome abnormalities occur when there is a change in the structure or parts of a chromosome. (rochester.edu)
Structural chromosome abnormalities occur when part of a chromosome is missing, a part of a chromosome is extra, or a part has switched places with another part. (rochester.edu)
These chromosome abnormalities are somatic, which means they are acquired during a person's lifetime and are present only in the cells that give rise to cancer. (medlineplus.gov)

Extension of this approach to other loci, including human tumors potentially homozygous for small deletions, should also be possible. (pnas.org)
We have characterized the copy number of various loci on chromosome 3p in a series of breast cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
Using a panel of twenty microsatellite loci spanning the regions on chromosome Yq that have been associated with male infertility, each sample is analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of a deletion. (uhhospitals.org)
We have utilized 31 DNA probes which map to the WAGR deletion region, together with six reference loci and 13 WAGR-related deletions, to subdivide this area into 16 intervals. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Delineation, by specific probes, of multiple intervals above and below the critical region and of five intervals within the overlap area provides a framework map for molecular characterization of WAGR gene loci and of deletion boundary regions. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Further, at least 7 of the 10 putative fiber development genes in the deletion region showed higher expression in the wild type than in Li 2 mutants during fiber development stages, suggesting coordinated regulation of processes in cell wall development and cell elongation, consistent with the hypothesis that some fiber-related quantitative trait loci comprise closely spaced groups of functionally diverse but coordinately regulated genes. (plantphysiol.org)
A familial 'balanced' 3;9 translocation with cryptic 8q insertion leading to deletion and duplication of 9p23 loci in siblings. (semanticscholar.org)
In human, seven of the chromosome 8 genes lie at two distinct loci approximately 5 Mb apart as a highly copy number variable (CNV) cluster, which vary between 2 and 7 copies per genome [3] . (prolekare.cz)
Small terminal or interstitial deletions of 22q13 will not be detected by FISH unless this region of chromosome 22 is targeted by probes specific for SHANK3 or other loci within the deleted region. (nature.com)

Large deletions covering as much as 11 cM have been identified that will be useful for regionally directed mutagenesis screens to reveal recessive mutations that disrupt development. (genetics.org)
The authors examined 16 patients, including 8 patients with deletions of 6p involving 6p22.3 and 8 patients with mutations of the JARID2 gene. (chromodisorder.org)
Dysmorphic features and anomalies of the skin occurred in patients with deletions more often than in patients with mutations. (chromodisorder.org)
There were neither mutations in the coding region of sFRP1 nor homozygous deletions at 8p12-11.21. (nature.com)
Deletions of several regions of both arms of chromosome 9 and activating mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene are very early and frequent events in the development of papillary tumors. (nature.com)
For over 40 years germ-cell mutagenesis experiments have generated many new mutations at the brown (b or Tyrp1) locus on mouse Chromosome (Chr) 4. (nih.gov)
These mutations, many of which are deletions, were recovered by the specific-locus mutagenesis technique. (nih.gov)

The researchers examined children with copy number variants (CNVs)--either deletions or duplications of DNA--at the genetic site 16p11.2. (eurekalert.org)

To characterize the region of consistent deletion, we performed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) studies on 122 neuroblastoma tumor samples with 30 distal chromosome 1p polymorphisms. (pnas.org)
We have used molecular markers to order the breakpoints for 20 deletion alleles that span a 15.7-18-cM region of distal mouse chromosome 14. (genetics.org)
50 distal chromosome 18q deletionsyndromeis a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing (deleted) copy of genetic material at the end of the long arm (q) of chromosome 18. (malacards.org)
this page is meant to provide general information about distal 18q deletions. (malacards.org)
The term "distal" means that the missing piece occurs near one end of the chromosome. (malacards.org)

Deletions of regions of chromosome 15 (notably regions 15q15 and 15q22) on several types of human tumours suggest the presence of a potential tumor suppressor gene. (wikipedia.org)
I've read in several posts on this site about the 1p19q chromosome deletions topic, and that several readers of this list have had this test, which I understand can be valuable prognostic tool and predict how a tumor responds to chemo. (cancer.org)
Deletions of chromosome 8p are frequently found in several tumor types and are often associated with progressive disease. (nature.com)
There was a significant correlation of 8p deletions with invasive tumor growth and a highly significant association with papillary growth pattern in patients with invasive disease. (nature.com)
The sFRP1 gene on chromosome 8p12-11.1 could be a candidate gene for the predicted, progression-related tumor suppressor gene in bladder cancer and could contribute to urothelial carcinogenesis. (nature.com)
Additionally, four cases had break points within the 3p24-26 region and one case had a homozygous deletion at 3p13, further supporting the hypothesis that there are tumor suppressor genes at both 3p13-14 and 3p24-26. (aacrjournals.org)
SNP array analysis of case 2, a possible dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT), revealed a 2.6 Mb deletion, which included the 5' end of BRAF and extended to the 3' end of FAM131B. (sigmaaldrich.com)
A specific, acquired chromosomal abnormality (deletion 3p) has been found in at least one chromosome 3 in 100 percent of the metaphases in 12 of 12 cell lines cultured from human small-cell lung cancer tissue and in 2-day tumor culture specimens from three patients. (sciencemag.org)
The WAGR (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and mental retardation) region has been assigned to chromosome 11p13 on the basis of overlapping constitutional deletions found in affected individuals. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Localization of the oncogene c-Ha-ras1 outside the aniridia-Wilms' tumor-associated deletion of chromosome 11(del 11p13) using somatic cell hybrids. (stanford.edu)

however, sometimes one parent is found to have a balanced translocation, where a piece of a chromosome has broken off and attached to another one with no gain or loss of genetic material. (malacards.org)
the balanced translocation normally does not cause any signs or symptoms, but it increases the risk for having an affected child with a chromosomal anomaly like a deletion. (malacards.org)

Unfortunately, these same characteristics make the LCRs difficult to reliably sequence and identify rearrangement breakpoints within the homologous chromosome 22 LCRs in individuals with 22q11DS. (drexel.edu)
Additionally, the assessment of rearrangement recurrence by Y-lineage analysis indicated that while partial AZFc deletions occurred in highly diverse samples, haplotype diversity was minimal in fertile men sharing identical marker profiles. (biomedcentral.com)
Complex chromosome rearrangement 46,XY, der(9)t(Y;9)(q12;p23) in a girl with sex reversal and mental retardation. (semanticscholar.org)
Thus these ring chromosomes derived through a classical inv dup del rearrangement consisting of a deletion and an inverted duplication. (uzh.ch)
A chromosome rearrangement is a structural change in a chromosome such as a deletion, translocation, inversion, or gene amplification. (encyclopedia.com)
A chromosome rearrangement can delete or disrupt the functioning of genes that are located on the chromosomal pieces involved. (encyclopedia.com)
A rearrangement (translocation) of genetic material between chromosomes 9 and 22 causes a type of cancer of blood-forming cells called chronic myeloid leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
In 20% of cases, deletion 22q13 results from a structural rearrangement in one of the parents. (nature.com)

Deletion of the short arm of human chromosome 1 is the most common cytogenetic abnormality observed in neuroblastoma. (pnas.org)
Chromosome 22 is the second smallest human chromosome, spanning more than 51 million DNA building blocks (base pairs) and representing between 1.5 and 2 percent of the total DNA in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Chromosome 22 was the first human chromosome to be fully sequenced. (medlineplus.gov)

Since it was diagnosed in 1980s using the amniocentesis, high-resolution G-banding, chromosome-specific fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) with probes for 1p and by subtelomeric probe screening, knowledge on this chromosomal aberration have greatly increased and clear clinical descriptions were consequently laid. (brighthub.com)
Also, cells from a patient with a constitutional deletion of 1p36, and from a neuroblastoma cell line with a small 1p36 deletion, were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. (pnas.org)
In all, 99 bladder tumors were screened for deletions at 8p using loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization FISH analyses. (nature.com)
To validate the LOH data and to gain insights into the mechanisms resulting in LOH, chromosome 3 pericentromeric and 3p region-specific DNA probes were used to determine the DNA copy number by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (aacrjournals.org)
The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis had shown a microdeletion on the chromosome 22q11.2 in both twins. (biomedcentral.com)

Chromosome 2q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 2. (wikipedia.org)
The deletion of genetic material on chromosome 11 may account for a significant percentage of these high-risk neuroblastomas," said Dr. Attiyeh. (bio-medicine.org)
A full set of genetic material consisting of paired chromosomes, one from each parental set. (google.com)
A chromosome 6 deletion is a rare disorder in which some of the genetic material that makes up one of the body's 46 chromosomes - specifically chromosome 6 in this case - is missing. (hope4katy.com)
This results in having extra genetic material, even though the total number of chromosomes is usually normal. (rochester.edu)
22q11.2 duplication is caused by an extra copy of some genetic material at position q11.2 on chromosome 22. (medlineplus.gov)
Translocations of genetic material between chromosome 19 and another chromosome can also lead to extra or missing material from chromosome 19. (medlineplus.gov)
Rearrangements of genetic material between chromosome 19 and one of several other chromosomes have been found in some forms of blood cancer (leukemia). (medlineplus.gov)
Chromosome 19p deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing ( deleted ) copy of genetic material on the short arm (p) of chromosome 19 . (rareguru.com)

In addition to deletions, uniparental disomy of chromosome 15 also gives rise to the same genetic disorders, indicating that genomic imprinting must occur in this region. (wikipedia.org)
Here we describe a couple of MZ twin girls with PS, in whom a deletion at chromosome 11q12.3 was identified by array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). (springer.com)
These chromosomal deletions represent an important resource for genetic studies to dissect the functional content of a genomic region, and several developmental defects have been associated with mice homozygous for distinct piebald deletion alleles. (genetics.org)
Designed to assess the genetic risks associated with radiation and chemical mutagens, the SLT and the resulting deletion complexes have also been used extensively for functional genomic studies (reviewed in R inchik and R ussell 1990 ). (genetics.org)
The 4 clones were localized, on the basis of hybridization with restriction nuclease-digested genomic DNA from a panel of human and human-rodent hybrid cell lines, into three regions surrounding band 21 of the short arm of the normal human X chromosome. (pnas.org)
Fine mapping performed in comparison to the genomic sequence of S. solfataricus P2 indicated an extended deletion of ∼13 kb. (asm.org)
Microdeletions of chromosome 15q24 have been demonstrated to be recurrent genomic alterations in ASD patients. (ovid.com)
These results demonstrate a link between an imprinted gene cluster and malignancy, reveal a new pathogenetic mechanism associated with acquired regions of genomic loss, and underline the complex molecular and cellular consequences of "simple" cancer-associated chromosome deletions. (salford.ac.uk)
The genomic DNA microarray analysis, using HumanCytoSNP-12 BeadChip (Illumina), was identical between the twins except different size of deletion of 22q11.2. (biomedcentral.com)

A method that allows the specific cloning of DNA fragments absent from patients homozygous or hemizygous for chromosomal deletions is described. (pnas.org)

Amplification and deletion of mouse chromosome 4 in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
The gene encoding the synaptosomal-associated protein--25 kDa (SNAP-25) was mapped by analysis of somatic cell hybrids and an intersubspecies backcross to mouse Chromosome 2. (jneurosci.org)

Features that often occur in people with chromosome 2q deletion include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavior problems, and distinctive facial features. (wikipedia.org)

All patients had similar clinical features, with the exception of macrocephaly, which was detected in 24% of patients with the deletion and 60% of those with the point mutation, and congenital heart disease, which was limited to 35% of patients with the deletion. (uzh.ch)

Physicians, genetic counselors, therapists and other healthcare professionals, register now to help us learn more about rare chromosome disorders: the associated symptoms, new research and evolving treatments. (chromodisorder.org)
Help us in our efforts to raise awareness of rare chromosome disorders by visiting our online store. (chromodisorder.org)
Unique is a source of information and support to families and individuals affected by rare chromosome disorders. (nih.gov)

Chromosome 15q partial deletion is a rare human genetic disorder, caused by a chromosomal aberration in which the long ("q") arm of one copy of chromosome 15 is deleted, or partially deleted. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic arthritis in two children with partial deletion of chromosome 18. (biomedsearch.com)
We describe 2 children with a partial deletion of chromosome 18 and chronic arthritis. (biomedsearch.com)
A partial long arm deletion of chromosome 7:46,XY,del(7)(q32). (bmj.com)
The amplicon content of partial AZFc deletion products was characterized with novel amplicon-specific sequence markers. (biomedcentral.com)
Data indicate that partial AZFc deletions are a male infertility risk [odds ratio: 5.6 (95% CI: 1.6-30.1)] and although high diversity of partial deletion products and sequence conversion profiles were recorded, the AZFc marker profiles detected in fertile men were also observed in infertile men. (biomedcentral.com)
Although partial AZFc deletion products are highly heterogeneous in terms of amplicon content, this plasticity is not sufficient to account for the observed phenotypical variance. (biomedcentral.com)
Only 3 of these affect the whole region, 9 are partial deletions of this region, and 5 are much smaller deletions. (figshare.com)
We analyzed the AZFc region of the Y-chromosome for complete (b2/b4) and distinct partial deletions (gr/gr, b1/b3, b2/b3) in 822 infertile and 225 proven fertile men. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
We observed complete AZFc deletions in 0.97% and partial deletions in 6.20% of the cases. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
However, the partial deletions of AZFc region related to spermatogenetic impairment are controversial. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
I have a child with a 6q21 partial deletion, when we found out we braced ourselves for the worst but he is 6 now and doing SO well! (hope4katy.com)

The piebald deletion complex is a set of overlapping chromosomal deficiencies surrounding the endothelin receptor B locus collected during the Oak Ridge specific-locus-test mutagenesis screen. (genetics.org)
Another spontaneous allele, piebald lethal ( Ednrb s-l ), is a deletion at the piebald locus. (genetics.org)
Previous analysis of a panel of brown deletions, generated at Oak Ridge, has enabled both a preliminary molecular and a functional map around the locus to be generated. (nih.gov)
Overall, 32 of 51 (63%) informative tumors showed loss of at least one locus on chromosome 8p. (aacrjournals.org)
In addition to frequent loss of one allele at the MSR locus, one metastatic prostate cancer sample demonstrated homozygous deletion of MSR sequences. (aacrjournals.org)
A chromosome 8p deletion map is constructed and defines the smallest region of overlap to a 14-cM interval at 8p22 between D8S163 and lipoprotein lipase, flanking the MSR locus. (aacrjournals.org)
Evidence of chromosome 8q multiplication at locus D8S39 was detected in 5 of 32 (16%) tumors, all of which demonstrated loss with at least one probe on chromosome 8p. (aacrjournals.org)
This study extends the previous finding of frequent loss of chromosome 8p in prostate cancer by defining a common region of loss of heterozygosity at 8p22 and a homozygous deletion of the MSR locus contained within this region. (aacrjournals.org)
The AZFc region of the human Y chromosome is a highly recombinogenic locus containing multi-copy male fertility genes located in repeated DNA blocks (amplicons). (biomedcentral.com)
Kurilo, L. 2006-08-17 00:00:00 Y chromosome deletions in the AZF locus were analyzed during a large-scale andrological and genetic examination of 810 infertile men. (deepdyve.com)
Y chromosome deletions in the AZF locus were analyzed during a large-scale andrological and genetic examination of 810 infertile men. (deepdyve.com)
Almost all the cases result from a common deletion of the chromosome 22q11.2 locus. (biomedcentral.com)

Duplication of chromosome 4 at 10 to 35 cM occurred in 68.0% +/- 11.0 of the cell cultures. (cdc.gov)
The researchers analyzed 115 children: 43 with the 16p11.2 deletion, 23 with the 16p11.2 duplication, and 49 healthy controls. (eurekalert.org)
Only a fraction of the children had ASD diagnoses: 11 of the 43 with the deletion, and 2 of the 23 with the duplication. (eurekalert.org)
Lead by research leader Timothy P.L. Roberts, PhD, vice chair of Radiology Research at CHOP and a researcher at CHOP's Center for Autism Research , scientists analyzed 115 children: 65 with copy number variants (43 with the 16p11.2 deletion and 23 with the 16p11.2 duplication) and 49 healthy controls. (highlighthealth.com)
Auditory Evoked M100 Response Latency is Delayed in Children with 16p11.2 Deletion but not 16p11.2 Duplication. (highlighthealth.com)
The KIAA1549-BRAF fusion typically results from a 2.0 Mb tandem duplication in chromosome band 7q34. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In one patient, we detected a hemizygous 1.97-Mb deletion at 15q23q24.1 encompassing the NEO1 gene, a missense variant in NEO1, c.3388C>T (p.Arg1130Cys), and a duplication, c.2204-14_2204-2dup, in the acceptor splice site of intron 14 of NEO1. (ovid.com)
A male infant with a deletion of 9p and concomitant duplication of 4q: 46,XY, der(9)t(4;9)(q27;p24), is described. (semanticscholar.org)
RESULTS: In seven cases we found not only the expected terminal deletion but also a contiguous duplication. (uzh.ch)
The term "duplication" simply means that a part of a chromosome is duplicated, or present in 2 copies. (rochester.edu)
Since a very small piece of a chromosome can contain many different genes, the extra genes present in a duplication may cause those genes to not function properly. (rochester.edu)
One way to think of a duplication is to think of all 46 chromosomes as a cookbook, and each individual chromosome as a recipe. (rochester.edu)
If a deletion is a missing ingredient in the recipe, a duplication is an extra ingredient. (rochester.edu)
The duplication affects one of the two copies of chromosome 22 in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on the long arm of chromosome 7 (7q) has been frequently reported in several types of human cancer including hematologic malignancies. (haematologica.org)

A molecular analysis of males found the wild-type PSR chromosome to be present in all somatic tissues. (nih.gov)
Molecular evolutionary analysis of avian and primate sex chromosome sequence. (diva-portal.org)
New molecular diagnostic kit to assess Y-chromosome deletions in the Japanese population. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
Deletions in the azoospermia factor regions are the most common known molecular genetic cause of human male infertility involving spermatogenetic failure. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
The molecular basis of this disorder is a homozygous deletion of 179,311 bp on chromosome 2p16, which includes the type I cystinuria gene (SLC3A1), the protein phosphatase 2Cβ gene (PP2Cβ), an unidentified gene (KIAA0436), and several expressed sequence tags. (mysciencework.com)
Cytogenetic analyses confirmed that the physical size of the deletions correlated well with the known molecular size deduced from the reference sequence. (inrae.fr)

Chromosome 12 deletion is a chromosomal abnormality where part of chromosome 12 has been deleted. (patientslikeme.com)
Children born with a DNA abnormality on chromosome 16 already linked to neurodevelopmental problems show measurable delays in processing sound and language, says a study team of radiologists and psychologists. (eurekalert.org)
Five - 10 percent of males with unexplained fertility associated with azoospermia or oligozoospermia and/or abnormality of sperm morphology or motility have a chromosome abnormality. (uhhospitals.org)

This study will explore conditions caused by the absence of certain genes on chromosome 11. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This study will examine how the genes on chromosome 11 affect people and whether the absence of specific genes is associated with specific symptoms. (clinicaltrials.gov)
It is unknown what causes the deletion of genes on chromosome 11, at a location designated chromosome 11q23. (bio-medicine.org)

A look at one of the most familiar case of chromosome aberration - 1p36 chromosome deletion - its signs and symptoms and some of its major clinical findings. (brighthub.com)
In behavioral context, children with 1p36 deletions have poor social mechanisms commonly observed as temper tantrums, biting of hands and even the wrists. (brighthub.com)
The homologous linkage groups on human chromosomes 9p21, 1p36 and 9q are altered in human lung adenocarcinoma. (cdc.gov)

Two copies of chromosome 22, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs. (medlineplus.gov)
The following chromosomal conditions are associated with changes in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 22. (medlineplus.gov)
Therefore, each person has two copies of chromosome 22, one copy that is inherited from a person's mother and the other from a person's father. (nicklauschildrens.org)

Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Chromosome 10q deletion. (nih.gov)

Healthy normal volunteers, people with isolated aniridia, and people with WAGR or another chromosome 11 gene deletion may be eligible for this study. (clinicaltrials.gov)
When a piece of one chromosome is exchanged with a piece from another chromosome it is called a translocation. (encyclopedia.com)

22q11.2DS results from a missing segment of approximately 45 genes on one copy of chromosome 22 and is the most common genetic cause of schizophrenia , occurring in nearly 30% of patients with the deletion. (medicalxpress.com)

Finding the right clinical trial for Chromosome 1q Deletion can be challenging. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
Y-chromosome deletions and male infertility: state of the art and clinical implications. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
Deletion of 12p is a recurrent alteration in prostate cancer, but the prevalence and clinical consequences of this alteration have not been studied in detail. (oncotarget.com)
Deletion of 12p was only marginally linked to reduced p27 expression, which by itself was unrelated to clinical outcome. (oncotarget.com)
12p deletion analysis alone, or in combination with other prognostic parameters may thus have clinical utility. (oncotarget.com)

Sometimes a spontaneous break or breaks occur in a chromosome or chromosomes in a particular cell and can result in a deletion, inversion, or translocation. (encyclopedia.com)
A cell becomes cancerous only after changes or deletions occur in a number of genes that are involved in the regulation of its cell cycle. (encyclopedia.com)
Ring chromosomes occur when a chromosome breaks in two places and the ends of the chromosome arms fuse together to form a circular structure. (medlineplus.gov)

Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11. (nih.gov)
A female patient with an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 is described. (nih.gov)
We report on two unrelated patients with a proximal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 21. (biomedsearch.com)
Children with a deletion of a portion of the long arm of one of the two copies of chromosome 18 (18q) have numerous neurologic deficiencies ( 1 ), with a high incidence of dysmyelination of about 95%, as reported from MR imaging studies ( 2 ). (ajnr.org)
Of The long arm of the 18th chromosome is missing. (healthtap.com)
25/30 cells examined contained an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 4, and 5/30 cells (16.7%) were found to contain a ring chromosome in addition to the deleted chromosome 4. (thefreelibrary.com)
In fact, these deletions were crucial for mapping three different regions required for spermatogenesis in the long arm of the Y (Yq). (biomedcentral.com)
It was demonstrated that the breakpoints were localized between AZFa and AZFb regions proximally to AZFb+c microdeletions for the majority of cytogenetically detectable deletions of the Y chromosome long arm. (deepdyve.com)
These are usually divided into a "short arm" and a "long arm" of the chromosome. (rochester.edu)
The long arm, which is the lower half of the chromosome, is the "q arm. (rochester.edu)
If the break point on the long arm is at chromosome position 22q13.3, people with ring chromosome 22 will experience similar signs and symptoms as those with a simple deletion. (medlineplus.gov)
Each chromosome is divided into two parts, a short arm called the "p" arm and the long arm known as the "q" arm. (nicklauschildrens.org)

58 The deletion of a 220-kb region on chromosome 16p11.2 encompassing approximately 9 genes, including the SH2B1 gene (608937), is associated with a highly penetrant form of isolated severe early-onset obesity as well as obesity with developmental delay (summary by Bachmann-Gagescu et al. (malacards.org)
Like most other chromosome disorders, this increases the risk of birth defects, developmental delay and learning difficulties. (hope4katy.com)

The results show that deletions can result in mosaicism due to increased mitotic instability of PSR. (nih.gov)
There is usually a mixture of cells (mosaicism), some with extra #12 material, and some that are normal (46 chromosomes without the extra #12 material). (rochester.edu)
This may vary in the presence of mosaicism for the deletion of chromosome 22. (nature.com)

The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion, and which genes are involved. (wikipedia.org)

Previous researchers had found that this location on chromosome 16 was associated with a subset of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and with language impairments and developmental delays. (eurekalert.org)
Donate now to increase awareness and research into chromosome disorders. (chromodisorder.org)
Previous research has found that the genetic site p11.2 on chromosome 16 is associated with a subset of autism spectrum disorders, language impairments and developmental delays. (highlighthealth.com)
to learn more about chromosomal anomalies please visit our gard webpage on faqs about chromosome disorders. (malacards.org)

In children with the deletion, the researchers found a significant delay: 23 milliseconds (ms), a figure that Roberts called "stunningly high" compared to the healthy children. (eurekalert.org)
RESULTS:Analyses revealed four common clusters, in the parietal and frontal lobes, that showed complementary patterns of connectivity in children with the deletion and typical controls. (escholarship.org)
Here, we demonstrate that, in addition to the global cerebellum reductions previously reported, volumetric reductions of the anterior lobule and the vermal region of the neo-cerebellum in the mid-sagittal plane best differentiate children with the deletion from typically developing children. (elsevier.com)

These include 19p13.13 deletions (described above) and small deletions in other regions of the chromosome. (medlineplus.gov)

We were still in the early stages following diagnosis (shock, disbelief, denial) so we went to Fred Hutchinsons in Seattle and they told us do only do one--radiation OR chemo---and save one treatment for later---even considering the lack of deletions. (cancer.org)
While they make sure to mention consulting a qualified clinician in all matters relating to genetic diagnosis, management and health, it has been our experience that very few, if any, doctors out there right now have much experience with chromosome 6 cases. (hope4katy.com)

Connect with other caregivers and patients with Chromosome 19p deletion and get the support you need. (rareguru.com)

A cytogenetic assay of testes revealed that wild-type PSR males contained the chromosome in 98%-100% of their spermatocytes. (nih.gov)

The frequencies of AZF deletions in patients with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia amounted to 12.2 and 8.1%, respectively. (deepdyve.com)
Microdeletion of the Azoospermia Factor (AZF) regions in Y chromosome is a well-known genetic cause of male infertility resulting from spermatogenetic impairment. (diseaseinfosearch.org)

Cells from both sources had interstitial deletions of 1p36.2-36.3 which overlapped the consensus region of LOH defined by the tumors. (pnas.org)

The minimal region of deletion occurred at 39.6 centimorgans (cM). (cdc.gov)
Twenty chromosome 17p markers were used to localize the common region of deletion in these tumors to a region contained within bands 17p12 to 17p13.3. (sciencemag.org)
The region of deletion was approximately 22 Mb at 4q11q13.3 with a complementary ring chromosome identified by G-banding and FISH in 9 out of 13 cells. (thefreelibrary.com)

Anatomy59

Organisms7

Diseases26

Chemicals and Drugs21

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes145

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Sexual dimorphism in white campion: complex control of carpel number is revealed by y chromosome deletions. (1/6089)

Sexual dimorphism in white campion: deletion on the Y chromosome results in a floral asexual phenotype. (2/6089)

Microdeletion 22q11 and oesophageal atresia. (3/6089)

Low-copy repeats mediate the common 3-Mb deletion in patients with velo-cardio-facial syndrome. (4/6089)

Delineation of the critical deletion region for congenital heart defects, on chromosome 8p23.1. (5/6089)

Severe mental retardation in a boy with partial trisomy 10q and partial monosomy 2q. (6/6089)

Renal function studies in an infant with 4p (-) syndrome. (7/6089)

A case of ring chromosome. (8/6089)

Chromosome Deletion

Y Chromosome

Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development

Chromosome Mapping

Oligospermia

Sex Chromosome Aberrations

Chromosomes

Chromosomes, Human, Y

Gene Deletion

Chromosome Aberrations

Karyotyping

Sequence Tagged Sites

Infertility, Male

In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence

Chromosome Banding

X Chromosome

Sequence Deletion

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1

Sex Chromosomes

Phenotype

Chromosomes, Human

Chromosomes, Bacterial

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7

Chromosome Segregation

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21

Chromosomes, Plant

Chromosomes, Fungal

Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2

Molecular Sequence Data

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10

Chromosome Pairing

Chromosomes, Mammalian

Chromosome Disorders

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8

Base Sequence

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19

Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5

Chromosomes, Human, X

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15

Chromosomes, Human, 1-3

Chromosome Painting

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14

Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18

Chromosomes, Human, 16-18

Chromosome Breakage

Genetic Linkage

Mutation

Chromosomes, Human, 13-15

Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y

Genetic Markers

Chromosome Inversion

Ring Chromosomes

Chromosomes, Human, 4-5

Chromosome Positioning

Recombination, Genetic

Translocation, Genetic

Amino Acid Sequence

X Chromosome Inactivation

Centromere

Meiosis

Hybrid Cells

Pedigree

Cloning, Molecular

Chromosomes, Insect

Chromosomes, Human, 19-20

Mitosis

Alleles