AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and Drugs
ChromograninsChromogranin BChromogranin AAdrenal MedullaChromaffin GranulesChromaffin CellsCalcium RadioisotopesSecretory VesiclesCattleCatecholaminesCalcium
Chromogranins
A group of acidic proteins that are major components of SECRETORY GRANULES in the endocrine and neuroendocrine cells. They play important roles in the aggregation, packaging, sorting, and processing of secretory protein prior to secretion. They are cleaved to release biologically active peptides. There are various types of granins, usually classified by their sources.
Chromogranin B
A type of chromogranin which was initially characterized in a rat PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CELL LINE. It is found in many species including human, rat, mouse, and others. It is an acidic protein with 626 to 657 amino acid residues. In some species, it inhibits secretion of PARATHYROID HORMONE or INSULIN and exerts bacteriolytic effects in others.
Chromogranin A
A type of chromogranin which was first isolated from CHROMAFFIN CELLS of the ADRENAL MEDULLA but is also found in other tissues and in many species including human, bovine, rat, mouse, and others. It is an acidic protein with 431 to 445 amino acid residues. It contains fragments that inhibit vasoconstriction or release of hormones and neurotransmitter, while other fragments exert antimicrobial actions.
Adrenal Medulla
The inner portion of the adrenal gland. Derived from ECTODERM, adrenal medulla consists mainly of CHROMAFFIN CELLS that produces and stores a number of NEUROTRANSMITTERS, mainly adrenaline (EPINEPHRINE) and NOREPINEPHRINE. The activity of the adrenal medulla is regulated by the SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Chromaffin Granules
Organelles in CHROMAFFIN CELLS located in the adrenal glands and various other organs. These granules are the site of the synthesis, storage, metabolism, and secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE.
Chromaffin Cells
Cells that store epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia (PARAGANGLIA, CHROMAFFIN) of the sympathetic nervous system.
Calcium Radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of calcium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ca atoms with atomic weights 39, 41, 45, 47, 49, and 50 are radioactive calcium isotopes.
Secretory Vesicles
Vesicles derived from the GOLGI APPARATUS containing material to be released at the cell surface.
Cattle
Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.
Catecholamines
A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

The disulfide-bonded loop of chromogranin B mediates membrane binding and directs sorting from the trans-Golgi network to secretory granules. (1/462)

The disulfide-bonded loop of chromogranin B (CgB), a regulated secretory protein with widespread distribution in neuroendocrine cells, is known to be essential for the sorting of CgB from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to immature secretory granules. Here we show that this loop, when fused to the constitutively secreted protein alpha1-antitrypsin (AT), is sufficient to direct the fusion protein to secretory granules. Importantly, the sorting efficiency of the AT reporter protein bearing two loops (E2/3-AT-E2/3) is much higher compared with that of AT with a single disulfide-bonded loop. In contrast to endogenous CgB, E2/3-AT-E2/3 does not undergo Ca2+/pH-dependent aggregation in the TGN. Furthermore, the disulfide-bonded loop of CgB mediates membrane binding in the TGN and does so with 5-fold higher efficiency if two loops are present on the reporter protein. The latter finding supports the concept that under physiological conditions, aggregates of CgB are the sorted units of cargo which have multiple loops on their surface leading to high membrane binding and sorting efficiency of CgB in the TGN.  (+info)

Inhibition of angiogenesis induces chromaffin differentiation and apoptosis in neuroblastoma. (2/462)

Inhibition of angiogenesis has been shown to reduce tumor growth, metastasis, and tumor microvascular density in experimental models. To these effects we would now like to add induction of differentiation, based on biological analysis of xenografted human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y, WAG rnu/rnu) treated with the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470. Treatment with TNP-470 (10 mg/kg s.c., n = 15) reduced the tumor growth by 66% and stereological vascular parameters (Lv, Vv, Sv) by 36-45%. The tumor cell apoptotic fraction increased more than threefold, resulting in a decrease in viable tumor cells by 33%. In contrast, the mean vascular diameter (29 microm) and the mean tumor cell proliferative index (49%) were unaffected. TNP-470-treated tumors exhibited striking chromaffin differentiation of neuroblastoma cells, observed as increased expression of insulin-like growth factor II gene (+88%), tyrosine hydroxylase (+96%), chromogranin A, and cellular processes. Statistical analysis revealed an inverse correlation between differentiation and angiogenesis. It is suggested that by inhibiting angiogenesis, TNP-470 induces metabolic stress, resulting in chromaffin differentiation and apoptosis in neuroblastoma. Such agonal differentiation may be the link between angiostatic therapy and tumor cell apoptosis.  (+info)

Kinetics of neuroendocrine differentiation in an androgen-dependent human prostate xenograft model. (3/462)

It was previously shown in the PC-295 xenograft that the number of chromogranin A (CgA)-positive neuroendocrine (NE) cells increased after androgen withdrawal. NE cells did not proliferate and differentiated from G0-phase-arrested cells. Here we further characterized NE differentiation, androgen receptor status, and apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 expression in the PC-295 model after androgen withdrawal to assess the origin of NE cells. PC-295 tumor volumes decreased by 50% in 4 days. Intraperitoneal bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and MIB-1 labeling decreased to 0%, and the apoptosis was maximal at day 4. Androgen receptor expression and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum levels decreased rapidly within 2 days. The number of NE cells increased 6-fold at day 4 and 30-fold at day 7. Five and ten percent of the CgA-positive cells were BrdU positive after continuous BrdU labeling for 2 and 4 days, respectively. However, no MIB-1 expression was observed in CgA-positive cells. NE cells expressed the regulated secretory pathway marker secretogranin III but were negative for androgen receptor and Bcl-2. Bcl-2 expression did increase in the non-NE tumor cells. In conclusion, androgen withdrawal leads to a rapid PC-295 tumor regression and a proliferation-independent induction of NE differentiation. The strictly androgen-independent NE cells that were still present after 21 days differentiated mainly from G0-phase-arrested cells.  (+info)

Islet amyloid polypeptide/amylin messenger RNA and protein expression in human insulinomas in relation to amyloid formation. (4/462)

OBJECTIVE: Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), also named amylin, is the predominant protein component of amyloid deposits in human islet beta cell tumours of the pancreas (insulinomas). IAPP is co-produced with insulin by islet beta cells. We investigated IAPP expression in relation to insulin expression and to amyloid formation in eleven insulinomas. DESIGN AND METHODS: RNA and protein extracts were prepared from the same pieces of tumour tissue, and from specimens of two normal human pancreata. IAPP and insulin mRNA and peptide content were quantified using Northern blot analysis and radioimmunoassay (RIA) respectively. Molecular forms of IAPP immunoreactivity were analysed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The presence of islet hormones and of amyloid was assessed by (immuno)histochemical staining of paraffin sections. Plasma levels of IAPP and insulin prior to tumour resection were determined by RIA. RESULTS: IAPP and insulin mRNA and peptide content varied widely between the tumour specimens, and there was considerable intratumour heterogeneity of peptide content. HPLC analysis indicated correct proteolytic processing of the IAPP precursor protein. Amyloid deposits were detected only in the three tumours with the highest IAPP content. In contrast to insulin, plasma levels of IAPP were not elevated in the insulinoma patients. CONCLUSIONS: The spectrum of hormone production by insulinomas cannot be inferred from only a few tissue sections due to intratumour heterogeneity. Expression of the IAPP and insulin genes is not coupled in insulinomas, which produce properly processed mature IAPP. In addition to IAPP overproduction, additional factors such as intracellular accumulation of IAPP are involved in amyloidogenesis in insulinomas.  (+info)

Library of sequence-specific radioimmunoassays for human chromogranin A. (5/462)

BACKGROUND: Human chromogranin A (CgA) is an acidic protein widely expressed in neuroendocrine tissue and tumors. The extensive tissue- and tumor-specific cleavages of CgA at basic cleavage sites produce multiple peptides. METHODS: We have developed a library of RIAs specific for different epitopes, including the NH2 and COOH termini and three sequences adjacent to dibasic sites in the remaining part of CgA. RESULTS: The antisera raised against CgA(210-222) and CgA(340-348) required a free NH2 terminus for binding. All antisera displayed high titers, high indexes of heterogeneity ( approximately 1.0), and high binding affinities (Keff0 approximately 0.1 x 10(12) to 1.0 x 10(12) L/mol), implying that the RIAs were monospecific and sensitive. The concentration of CgA in different tissues varied with the assay used. Hence, in a carcinoid tumor the concentration varied from 0.5 to 34.0 nmol/g tissue depending on the specificity of the CgA assay. The lowest concentration in all tumors was measured with the assay specific for the NH2 terminus of CgA. This is consistent with the relatively low concentrations measured in plasma from carcinoid tumor patients by the N-terminal assay, whereas the assays using antisera raised against CgA(210-222) and CgA(340-348) measured increased concentrations. CONCLUSION: Only some CgA assays appear useful for diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors, but the entire library is valuable for studies of the expression and processing of human CgA.  (+info)

Serum gastrin and chromogranin A during medium- and long-term acid suppressive therapy: a case-control study. (6/462)

BACKGROUND: Serum chromogranin A (CgA) is regarded as a reliable marker of neuroendocrine proliferation. We previously described increased serum CgA levels during short-term profound gastric acid inhibition. AIM: To investigate serum gastrin and CgA levels in dyspeptic patients during continuous medium- (6 weeks to 1 year), or long-term (1-8 years) gastric acid suppressive therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 114 consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in a cross-sectional, case-control study [62 patients on continuous antisecretory therapy, either with proton pump inhibitors (n = 47) or H2-receptor antagonists (H2RA) (n = 15) for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with or without Barrett's oesophagus or functional dyspepsia, and 52 age- and sex-matched patients without medical acid inhibition and with normal endoscopic findings (control group)]. Omeprazole doses ranged from 20 mg to 80 mg daily and ranitidine from 150 mg to 450 mg daily. Fasting serum CgA and serum gastrin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (reference values: serum CgA < 4.0 nmol/L; serum gastrin < 85 ng/L). RESULTS: Fasting serum CgA levels positively correlated with serum gastrin in the entire study population (r = 0. 55, P = 0.0001). Median serum CgA values were higher in patients treated with a proton pump inhibitor than H2RA [2.8 (2.0-5.9) nmol/L vs. 2 (1.9-2.3) nmol/L, P < 0.002] and controls [2.8 (2.0-5.9) nmol/L vs. 1.8 (1.5-2.2) nmol/L, P < 0.0001) and did not differ between patients treated with H2RA or controls. Serum gastrin and CgA levels in patients on proton pump inhibitor therapy positively correlated with the degree and duration of acid inhibition. Patients on long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy had significantly higher fasting serum gastrin and CgA than those on medium-term proton pump inhibitor therapy [127 (73-217) ng/L vs. 49 (29-78) ng/L, P < 0.0001 and 4.8 (2.8-8) ng/L vs. 2.1 (1.9-2.6) ng/L, P < 0.001]. No such relation was found in patients on medium- vs. long-term H2RA. Overall, patients with positive Helicobacter pylori serology had higher serum gastrin and CgA levels than those with negative H. pylori serology [51 (27-119) ng/L vs. 27 (14-79) ng/L, P = 0.01, 2.4 (1.9-3.4) nmol/L vs. 2.0 (1.7-2.5) nmol/L, P = 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS: During long-term continuous proton pump inhibitor treatment, serum gastrin and CgA levels are significantly elevated compared to H2RA treatment and nontreated dyspeptic controls. H. pylori infection seems to affect gastric ECL cell secretory function. Increased serum CgA values during long-term profound gastric acid inhibition could reflect either gastric enterochromaffin-like cell hyperfunction or proliferative changes.  (+info)

Clinical symptoms, hormone profiles, treatment, and prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoids. (7/462)

BACKGROUND: Type 1 gastric carcinoids are associated with hypergastrinaemia and chronic atrophic gastritis, type 2 occur in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 combined with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and type 3 lack any relation to hypergastrinaemia. Type 1 tumours are usually benign whereas type 3 are highly malignant. AIMS: To identify possible tumour markers in patients with gastric carcinoids. PATIENTS/METHOD: Nine patients with type 1, one with type 2, and five with type 3 were evaluated with regard to symptoms, hormone profile, and prognosis. RESULTS: Plasma chromogranin A was increased in all patients but was higher (p < 0.01) in those with type 3 than those with type 1 carcinoids. All patients with type 3 carcinoids died from metastatic disease, but none of the type 1 patients died as a result of their tumours. One type 1 patient with a solitary liver metastasis received interferon alpha and octreotide treatment. Nine months later, the metastasis was no longer detectable. She is still alive eight years after diagnosis, without recurrent disease. This represents the only reported case of foregut carcinoid with an unresectable liver metastasis that seems to be have been cured by biotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma chromogranin A appears to be a valuable tumour marker for all types of gastric carcinoid. Combination therapy with interferon alpha and octreotide may be beneficial in patients with metastasising type 1 gastric carcinoids.  (+info)

Immunohistochemical characterization of pancreatic tumors induced by dimethylbenzanthracene in rats. (8/462)

Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) induces pancreatic adenocarcinomas in rats 9 months after carcinogen exposure, with precursor lesions (tubular complexes) developing 1 month after initiation of treatment. Because previous studies have suggested an acinar cell of origin for these tumors, we investigated the expression pattern of ductal, acinar, and islet cell markers in these cancers to gain insight into their phenotype and cell of origin. Pancreatic neoplasms were induced in rats by implantation of DMBA into the head of the pancreas. Lesions studied included 10 early tubular complexes (DMBA for 2 weeks), 8 tubular complexes (DMBA for 1 month), and 10 adenocarcinomas (DMBA for 9 months). Normal rat pancreas served as a control. For comparison, 5 human ductal adenocarcinomas were also evaluated. Immunohistochemistry with ductal (keratin, cytokeratin 19, cytokeratin 20), acinar (chymotrypsin), and islet (chromogranin A) cell markers was performed to analyze the tissues. Rat tubular complexes and adenocarcinomas revealed strong expression of keratin, cytokeratin 19, and cytokeratin 20 in the cytoplasm of all neoplastic cells, absence of chymotrypsin, and rare immunoreactivity to chromogranin A. Human adenocarcinomas showed strong expression of keratin and cytokeratin 19 in all neoplastic cells, expression of cytokeratin 20 in 5-20% of cells, and absence of chymotrypsin and chromogranin A. Pancreatic adenocarcinomas induced by DMBA in rats express markers consistent with a ductal phenotype, as observed in human tumors. Ductal marker expression in early tumor stages suggests a ductal cell of origin.  (+info)

Secretogranin III ELISA Kits | Biocompare.comSecretogranin III ELISA Kits | Biocompare.com
Compare Secretogranin III ELISA Kits from leading suppliers on Biocompare. View specifications, prices, citations, reviews, and more.
https://www.biocompare.com/pfu/110627/soids/2-10650/Assay_Kit/ELISA_Secretogranin_III
JCI - A protumorigenic secretory pathway activated by p53 deficiency in lung adenocarcinomaJCI - A protumorigenic secretory pathway activated by p53 deficiency in lung adenocarcinoma
Therapeutic strategies designed to target TP53-deficient cancer cells remain elusive. Here, we showed that TP53 loss initiated a pharmacologically actionable secretory process that drove lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. Molecular, biochemical, and cell biological studies showed that TP53 loss increased the expression of Golgi reassembly and stacking protein 55 kDa (G55), a Golgi stacking protein that maintains Golgi organelle integrity and is part of a GOLGIN45 (G45)-myosin IIA-containing protein complex that activates secretory vesicle biogenesis in the Golgi. TP53 loss activated G55-dependent secretion by relieving G55 and myosin IIA from miR-34a-dependent silencing. G55-dependent secreted proteins enhanced the proliferative and invasive activities of TP53-deficient LUAD cells and promoted angiogenesis and CD8+ T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment. A small molecule that blocks G55-G45 interactions impaired secretion and reduced TP53-deficient LUAD growth and metastasis. These ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/137186/pdf
Catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide catestatin (chromogranin A352-372) : Naturally occurring amino acid variant Gly364Ser...Catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide catestatin (chromogranin A352-372) : Naturally occurring amino acid variant Gly364Ser...
BACKGROUND - Chromogranin A, coreleased with catecholamines by exocytosis, is cleaved to the catecholamine release-inhibitory fragment catestatin. We identified a natural nonsynonymous variant of catestatin, Gly364Ser, that alters human autonomic function and blood pressure. METHODS AND RESULTS - Gly364Ser heterozygotes and controls underwent physiological and biochemical phenotyping, including catecholamine production, chromogranin A precursor, and its catestatin product. Case-control studies replicated effects of the gene on blood pressure in the population. Gly364Ser displayed diminished inhibition of catecholamine secretion from cultured neurons. Gly/Ser heterozygotes displayed increased baroreceptor slope during upward deflections (by ≈47%) and downward deflections (by ≈44%), increased cardiac parasympathetic index (by ≈2.4-fold), and decreased cardiac sympathetic index (by ≈26%). Renal norepinephrine excretion was diminished by ≈26% and epinephrine excretion by ≈34% in Gly/Ser ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:43728
Naturally Occurring Human Genetic Variation in the 3′-Untranslated Region of the Secretory Protein Chromogranin A Is Associated...Naturally Occurring Human Genetic Variation in the 3′-Untranslated Region of the Secretory Protein Chromogranin A Is Associated...
Naturally Occurring Human Genetic Variation in the 3′-Untranslated Region of the Secretory Protein Chromogranin A Is Associated With Autonomic Blood Pressure Regulation and Hypertension in a Sex-Dependent Fashion Academic Article ...
http://vivo.med.cornell.edu/display/pubid53949122279
Chromogranin A. Storage and release in hypertension. | HypertensionChromogranin A. Storage and release in hypertension. | Hypertension
The chromogranins/secretogranins are a family of acidic, soluble proteins with widespread neuroendocrine distribution in secretory vesicles. Although the precise function of the chromogranins remains elusive, knowledge of their structure, distribution, and potential intracellular and extracellular roles, especially that of chromogranin A, has greatly expanded during recent years. Chromogranin A is coreleased with catecholamines by exocytosis from vesicles in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve endings. Thus, measurement of its circulating concentration by radioimmunoassay may be a useful probe of exocytotic sympathoadrenal activity in humans, under both physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we explore the storage, structure, and function of chromogranin A, and parameters that influence its circulating levels. We have also measured plasma chromogranin A concentrations in different groups of patients with hypertension, including those with pheochromocytoma. ...
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/15/3/237
The bovine chromogranin A gene: structural basis for hormone regulation and generation of biologically active peptides. -...The bovine chromogranin A gene: structural basis for hormone regulation and generation of biologically active peptides. -...
The structure of the gene encoding bovine chromogranin-A has been determined by characterization of two isolated genomic clones. Chromogranin-A is encoded by eight exons, which organize the coding region into several distinct structural and functional domains. Exons 1-5 represent the highly conserved signal peptide and N-terminal domain, which are separated into regions corresponding to the signal peptide, N-terminal sequence, disulfide-bonded loop, and remainder of the conserved N-terminal domain. Exon 6 represents the variable domain and encodes a region that is identical to the novel chromogranin-A-derived peptide chromostatin. Exon 7 encodes the biologically active peptide pancreastatin as well as most of the conserved C-terminal domain, with the remainder found on exon 8. The mRNA sequence obtained from the gene contains five nucleotide differences from the consensus sequence of four reported bovine chromogranin-A cDNA clones. Two of the differences in the gene result in two amino acid changes in
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-bovine-chromogranin-A-gene%3A-structural-basis-f-Iacangelo-Grimes/4fa7f0da6decd29db0689310dae28cbc88e176f1
Common Functional Genetic Variants in Catecholamine Storage Vesicle Protein Promoter Motifs Interact to Trigger Systemic...Common Functional Genetic Variants in Catecholamine Storage Vesicle Protein Promoter Motifs Interact to Trigger Systemic...
Common Functional Genetic Variants in Catecholamine Storage Vesicle Protein Promoter Motifs Interact to Trigger Systemic Hypertension Academic Article ...
http://vivo.med.cornell.edu/display/pubid77949884304
Catecholamine Release-Inhibitory Peptide Catestatin (Chromogranin A352-372) | CirculationCatecholamine Release-Inhibitory Peptide Catestatin (Chromogranin A352-372) | Circulation
Heritable autonomic traits may be of particular value in investigations of the genetic underpinnings of hypertension, a complex trait with both hereditary and environmental determinants and likely even multiple genetic (or polygenic) determinants.7,8 Human twin studies indicate that baroreceptor activity is a substantially heritable trait.33 Such traits may be valuable intermediate phenotypes7,8 for hypertension, especially if they display earlier penetrance than the ultimate disease trait (DBP), can be elicited in still-normotensive individuals, and suggest testable candidate genetic loci (such as CHGA). Catestatin itself may be such a phenotype.8 Several of the autonomic phenotypes studied here (Table II and Figures 2 and 3⇑) meet these criteria.. Indeed, Gly364Ser genotypes were associated with hypertension (Figure 4a and 4b), especially in men (Figure 4b). Thus, the 364Ser allele may play a protective role against future the development of hypertension.. How might this happen? Because ...
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/115/17/2271
PLOS ONE: accelerating the publication of peer-reviewed sciencePLOS ONE: accelerating the publication of peer-reviewed science
Granins are major constituents of dense-core secretory granules in neuroendocrine cells, but their function is still a matter of debate. Work in cell lines has suggested that the most abundant and ubiquitously expressed granins, chromogranin A and B (CgA and CgB), are involved in granulogenesis and protein sorting. Here we report the generation and characterization of mice lacking chromogranin B (CgB-ko), which were viable and fertile. Unlike neuroendocrine tissues, pancreatic islets of these animals lacked compensatory changes in other granins and were therefore analyzed in detail. Stimulated secretion of insulin, glucagon and somatostatin was reduced in CgB-ko islets, in parallel with somewhat impaired glucose clearance and reduced insulin release, but normal insulin sensitivity in vivo. CgB-ko islets lacked specifically the rapid initial phase of stimulated secretion, had elevated basal insulin release, and stored and released twice as much proinsulin as wildtype (wt) islets. Stimulated release of
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/citation?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0008936
Qiu-Xing Jiang | Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research InstituteQiu-Xing Jiang | Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute
https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=3ko98cgAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate. Mohammed Sayed, Ao Cheng, Andrew Ludlow, Jerry Shay, Woodring Wright and Qiu-Xing Jiang. Catalysis-dependent inactivation of human telomerase and its reactivation by intracellular telomerase-activating factors (iTAFs). J. Bio. Chem. 2019. pii: jbc.RA118.007234. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.007234. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID:31186347. Qiu-Xing Jiang. Cholesterol-dependent gating effects on ion channels. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019; 1115:167-190. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-04278-3_8. PMID: 30649760.. Qiu-Xing Jiang. Structural variability in the RLR-MAVS pathway and sensitive detection of viral RNAs. Medicinal Chemistry. 2019. doi: 10.2174/1573406415666181219101613. PMID 30569868. Gaya Yadavp, Hui Zhengp, Qing Yangp, Lauren Douma, Linda Bloom, and Qiu-Xing Jiang. Secretory granule protein chromogranin B forms an anion channel in membrane. Life Science Alliance. Life Science Alliance. 24 September 2018. DOI: ...
https://hwi.buffalo.edu/scientist-directory/qiu-xing-jiang/
WikiGenes - SCG2 - secretogranin IIWikiGenes - SCG2 - secretogranin II
The worlds first wiki where authorship really matters. Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts.
https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/7857.html
RefEx - Search ResultRefEx - Search Result
Pituitary secretory protein I, CgA, Chromogranin A precursor, SP-I, CGA, chromogranin A (CgA), CHGA, chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1 ...
http://refex.dbcls.jp/genelist.php?lang=en&db=human&roku_valid=1&rk%5B%5D=35&order_key=score&pageID=2
CHGB - Secretogranin-1 precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - CHGB gene & proteinCHGB - Secretogranin-1 precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - CHGB gene & protein
Secretogranin-1 is a neuroendocrine secretory granule protein, which may be the precursor for other biologically active peptides.
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P05060
SCG2 Gene - GeneCards | SCG2 Protein | SCG2 AntibodySCG2 Gene - GeneCards | SCG2 Protein | SCG2 Antibody
Complete information for SCG2 gene (Protein Coding), Secretogranin II, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=SCG2&keywords=GH02J223602&prefilter=genomic_location
SCG5 Protein Human Recombinant | Secretogranin V | ProSpecSCG5 Protein Human Recombinant | Secretogranin V | ProSpec
SCG5 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 195 aa (27-212 a.a.) having a molecular mass of 22 kDa.
https://www.prospecbio.com/scg5_human
PANCREASTATIN BINDING-SITES AND ACTION IN INTACT AND PERMEABILIZED RINM5F CELLS<...PANCREASTATIN BINDING-SITES AND ACTION IN INTACT AND PERMEABILIZED RINM5F CELLS<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - PANCREASTATIN BINDING-SITES AND ACTION IN INTACT AND PERMEABILIZED RINM5F CELLS. AU - Szecowka, J. AU - Shibier, O. AU - Flatt, Peter. AU - Berggren, PO. AU - Ostenson, CG. AU - Efendic, S. PY - 1992/8. Y1 - 1992/8. M3 - Article. VL - 35. SP - A76. JO - Diabetologia. JF - Diabetologia. SN - 0012-186X. IS - Suppl.. ER - ...
https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/pancreastatin-binding-sites-and-action-in-intact-and-permeabilize-3
I-PRO Mechanics High Capacity - FETAHOVIĆ d.o.o. Zenica
I-PRO Mechanical HIGH CAPACITY je veoma prilagodljiv i udovoljava posebnim zahtjevima.. Za visoke temperature i veliki procenat vlažnosti zraka, rješenje je I-PRO MECHANICAL HIGH CAPACITY.. Zahvaljujući snažnom rashladnom sistemu, I-PRO Mechanical High Capacity obezbjeđuje visoke performanse i na posebno visokim temperaturama ...
http://www.fetahovic.ba/product/i-pro-mechanics-high-capacity/
Epson C2800 Black High Capacity (C13S051161)Epson C2800 Black High Capacity (C13S051161)
Epson C2800 Black High Capacity (C13S051161) at great prices. Full product description, technical specifications and customer reviews from BT Business Direct
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Outback Power Inc. - EnergyCell Nano-Carbon High CapacityOutback Power Inc. - EnergyCell Nano-Carbon High Capacity
The EnergyCell Nano-Carbon High Capacity battery line provides an ideal solution for solving a common issue faced in many grid-interactive and off-grid installations. Nano-Carbon improves charge efficiency and allows PSoC operation with improved deep discharge recovery.
http://outbackpower.com/outback-products/store-the-energy/energycell-nc-batteries/item/energycell-nc-high-capacity?category_id=537
配件 CO<sub>2</sub> Regulator, inlet fitting meets CGA...配件 CO<sub>2</sub> Regulator, inlet fitting meets CGA...
BioTek Product Accessory, Part Number: 1210514, for use with Lionheart FX自動化活細胞影像系統 and Cytation 5 自動化影像系統暨多功能光學檢測儀
https://www.biotek.tw/zh-TW/products/accessories/co2-regulator-inlet-fitting-meets-cga-320-standard/
Immunohistochemical Studies of Chromogranins (A and C) in Pituitary Adenomas<...Immunohistochemical Studies of Chromogranins (A and C) in Pituitary Adenomas<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Immunohistochemical Studies of Chromogranins (A and C) in Pituitary Adenomas. AU - Oda, K.. AU - Inada, K.. AU - Osamura, R. Y.. PY - 1991. Y1 - 1991. N2 - Expression of Chromogranin A and C was examined immunohistochemically on 4S surgically obtained pituitary adenomas. Positive rate of chromogranin A was 40.0% and chromogranin C was positive in 8.0% of 4S pituitary adenomas. Chromogranin A was expressed frequently in adenomas in which at least one of the FSH alpha, FSH beta, LH beta and TSH beta subunits was positive. It also expressed frequently in non-functioning adenomas. The positive rate of chromogranin A was low in GH or PRL positive adenomas. These findings suggest that chromogranin could be a parameter of the functional differentiation of the pituitary adenomas.. AB - Expression of Chromogranin A and C was examined immunohistochemically on 4S surgically obtained pituitary adenomas. Positive rate of chromogranin A was 40.0% and chromogranin C was positive in 8.0% of 4S ...
https://pure.fujita-hu.ac.jp/en/publications/immunohistochemical-studies-of-chromogranins-a-and-c-in-pituitary
Autonomic function in hypertension; role of genetic variation at the catecholamine storage vesicle protein chromogranin BAutonomic function in hypertension; role of genetic variation at the catecholamine storage vesicle protein chromogranin B
Background: Hypertension is a complex trait, with deranged autonomic control of circulation. Chromogranin B (CHGB) is the most abundant core protein in human catecholamine secretory vesicles, playing an important role in their biogenesis. Does common interindividual variation at the CHGB locus contribute to phenotypic variation in CHGB and catecholamine secretion, autonomic stability of circulation, or blood pressure (BP) in the population? Methods and Results: To probe interindividual variability in CHGB, we systematically studied polymorphism across the locus by resequencing CHGB (≈6 kbp footprint spanning the promoter, 5 exons, exon/intron borders, untranslated regions) in 160 subjects (2n=320 chromosomes) of diverse biogeographic ancestries. We identified 53 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, of which 22 were common. We then studied 1182 subjects drawn from the most extreme BP values in the population (highest and lowest 5th percentiles), typing 4 common polymorphisms spanning the ≈14 kbp ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:317372
Pancreastatin, a chromogranin A-derived peptide, activates Galpha(16) and phospholipase C-beta(2) by interacting with specific...Pancreastatin, a chromogranin A-derived peptide, activates Galpha(16) and phospholipase C-beta(2) by interacting with specific...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11257446?dopt=Abstract
Sorting and storage during secretory granule biogenesis: looking backward and looking forward | Biochemical JournalSorting and storage during secretory granule biogenesis: looking backward and looking forward | Biochemical Journal
Secretory granules are specialized intracellular organelles that serve as a storage pool for selected secretory products. The exocytosis of secretory granules is markedly amplified under physiologically stimulated conditions. While granules have been recognized as post-Golgi carriers for almost 40 years, the molecular mechanisms involved in their formation from the trans-Golgi network are only beginning to be defined. This review summarizes and evaluates current information about how secretory proteins are thought to be sorted for the regulated secretory pathway and how these activities are positioned with respect to other post-Golgi sorting events that must occur in parallel. In the first half of the review, the emerging role of immature secretory granules in protein sorting is highlighted. The second half of the review summarizes what is known about the composition of granule membranes. The numerous similarities and relatively limited differences identified between granule membranes and other ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/332/3/593
Chromogranin B | ALZFORUMChromogranin B | ALZFORUM
If you know of any papers that use this antibody, please contact us at antibodies [at] alzforum [dot] org for consideration in the References section.. ...
https://www.alzforum.org/antibodies/chromogranin-b-2
Aggregator | pharmamatrix.ca
The three-dimensional hybrid structures of coronavirus spike proteins including the C-terminal sequence and receptor binding motif (RBM) was remodeled and energy minimized. Further, protein-protein docking show that Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV 2 Lys^(457)-Pro^(490) bind on the surface of ACE2 receptor near N-terminal helices to form host-pathogen attachment. In this binding interface, SARS-CoV 2 shows a tight network of hydrogen bonds than other spike proteins from BtRsRaTG13-CoV ...
http://pharmamatrix.ca/aggregator?page=0
Glycosylated Chromogranin A in Heart Failure: Implications for Processing and Cardiomyocyte Calcium Homeostasis. | PassportGlycosylated Chromogranin A in Heart Failure: Implications for Processing and Cardiomyocyte Calcium Homeostasis. | Passport
Chromogranin A (CgA) levels have previously been found to predict mortality in heart failure (HF), but currently no information is available regarding CgA processing in HF and whether the CgA fragment catestatin (CST) may directly influence cardiomyocyte function.. ...
https://passport.as.uky.edu/glycosylated-chromogranin-heart-failure-implications-processing-and-cardiomyocyte-calcium
CHGB Gene - GeneCards | SCG1 Protein | SCG1 AntibodyCHGB Gene - GeneCards | SCG1 Protein | SCG1 Antibody
Complete information for CHGB gene (Protein Coding), Chromogranin B, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CHGB
OriGene - CHGB (NM 001819) Human ORF cDNA CloneOriGene - CHGB (NM 001819) Human ORF cDNA Clone
CHGB - CHGB (Myc-DDK-tagged)-Human chromogranin B (secretogranin 1) (CHGB) available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
http://www.origene.com/orf_clone/trueclone/NM_001819/RC201744/CHGB.aspx
Microtubule-dependent transport of secretory vesicles visualized in real time with a GFP-tagged secretory protein | Journal of...Microtubule-dependent transport of secretory vesicles visualized in real time with a GFP-tagged secretory protein | Journal of...
Biosynthetic transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the plasma membrane (PM) is mediated by secretory vesicles. We analyzed secretory vesicle transport in real time using a GFP-tagged secretory protein, hCgB-GFP, consisting of human chromogranin B (hCgB) and green fluorescent protein (GFP). The fusion protein was expressed transiently in Vero cells or in a stable clone after induction with butyrate. After arrest of the biosynthetic protein transport at 20 degrees C, fluorescent hCgB-GFP colocalized with TGN38, a marker of the TGN. Subsequent release of the secretion block at 37 degrees C led to the formation of green fluorescent vesicles. Confocal analysis revealed that these vesicles were devoid of TGN38 and of Texas Red-coupled transferrin and cathepsin D, markers of the endosomal/lysosomal pathway. As determined by fluorometry and metabolic labelling hCgB-GFP was secreted from the TGN to the PM with a t(1/2) of 20-30 minutes. Video-microscope analysis of green fluorescent vesicles ...
https://jcs.biologists.org/content/110/13/1453?ijkey=4391c72b8c7cc0f6c38a7d10258fdbf6a0f57137&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Neuroendocrine differentiation in a case of cervical cancerNeuroendocrine differentiation in a case of cervical cancer
Neuroendocrine neoplasms may occur in the uterine cervix, although rarely; it accounts for 0.5-1% of all malignant tumors of the uterine cervix. A case report of an Ethiopian female presented at the Gynecology Out-Patient Clinic at Jimma University Hospital, complaining from irregular vaginal bleeding over the previous three months. Clinically there was a cauliflower cervical mass; histopathologically it was formed of sheets of small cell tumor; that further showed neuroendocrine differentiation, as demonstrated by chromogranin-A positivity. It is important to differentiate small cell carcinoma from other malignant tumors of the uterine cervix. Morphological features play an important role in making a diagnosis and the immunohistochemistry study can offer an additional useful assistance
http://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/6/4/full/
Chromaffin cell | anatomy | BritannicaChromaffin cell | anatomy | Britannica
Other articles where Chromaffin cell is discussed: human nervous system: The endocrine system: Within the adrenal medulla are chromaffin cells, which are homologous to sympathetic neurons and, like sympathetic neurons, are developed from embryonic neural crest cells. Chromaffin cells produce epinephrine (adrenaline) and, to a much lesser extent, norepinephrine as well as other chemicals such as chromogranins, enkephalins, and neuropeptide Y-all of which…
https://www.britannica.com/science/chromaffin-cell
2018 AACC2018 AACC
Epitope Diagnostics EDI Human Chromogranin A ELISA Kit was recently used by a research group lead by Dr. Ugo De Giorgi to publish two key papers highlighting another aspect of the relationship between chromogranin A (CgA) and prostate cancer.. The two papers, published by Conteduca et al and Burgio et al, examined patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) who had received previous docetaxel chemotherapy treatment. Using the range established by the EDI Chromogranin A ELISA Kit, the patients were divided into three groups based on baseline CgA levels: normal CgA (,120 ug/ml), under 3 time normal (,360 ug/ml), and above 3 time normal (,360 ug/ml).. Prostate specific antigen was then monitored as the patients received antiandrogen treatment, either with abiraterone or enzalutamide, in order to track the progression free survival.. In the group treated with abiraterone, a statistically significant difference was discovered between the median progression free survival rate of those ...
https://events.jspargo.com/aacc18/Public/eBooth.aspx?BoothID=601016&Task=PressReleases&SSID=1765
Chromogranin A: Reference Range, Interpretation, Collection and PanelsChromogranin A: Reference Range, Interpretation, Collection and Panels
Chromogranin A is a secretory protein, composed of 439 amino acids, found in the large dense-core vesicles of the neuroendocrine cells. It belongs to the family of granins that includes chromogranin B, chromogranin C, and secretogranin II.
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2114314-overview
answers
Joost- I think a cocktail of chromogranins A and B would cover most pulmonary neuroendocrine cells without having to worry about which neuropeptide the cells elaborate. April- I love limonene as a clearing agent except in the tissue processor, we use xylene for procesing and limonene for purging the machine and all staining baths. It is not as volatile as xylene and leaves a slight oiliness in the tissues which usually is not a problem and sometimes helps, especially if the tissue is cut thin. Fatty tissues give the most problems when using limonene for processing. Vinnie and Terry, as for safety, Id rather use an agent that shows antitumor activity and is being fed orally!! to patients in clinical trials (limonene) than some mystery aliphatic that gets persnickety at the slightest hint of H2O. Our eosin never bleeds. I know some folks are allergic to limonene and get violently ill, luckily I have never encountered such a worker in nearly fifteen years of use (maybe 35 or 40 people). Limonenes ...
http://www.histosearch.com/histonet/Jun02A/answers.html
Complex Renal Traits: Role of Adrenergic Genetic Polymorphism | American Society of NephrologyComplex Renal Traits: Role of Adrenergic Genetic Polymorphism | American Society of Nephrology
Many if not most of the common disease states encountered in internal medicine, nephrology in particular, are complex traits1: Typically poorly understood and likely to be multifactorial, with etiologic contributions from both heredity and environment. Family or twin studies can establish the relative roles of heredity or environment trait determination, and indeed, familial aggregation or heritability is documented for such traits as hypertension2 and chronic kidney disease,3 whereas less common traits, including adult and juvenile polycystic kidney disease, display simpler, Mendelian hereditary patterns. The contribution of polymorphisms at specific loci are now documented for hypertensive ESRD, including the nonmuscle myosin variant, MYH9,4 and the catecholamine storage vesicle protein chromogranin A, CHGA.5 Systematic family studies have not been conducted in acute kidney injury (AKI), perhaps because of the transient nature of the illness coupled with unavailability of appropriate ...
https://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/20/6/1172
ICA69 is a novel Rab2 effector regulating ER-Golgi trafficking in insulinoma cells. - Oxford Neuroscience
Islet cell autoantigen of 69kDa (ICA69) is a small GTPase-binding protein of unknown function. ICA69 is enriched in the Golgi complex and its N-terminal half contains a BAR domain, a module that can bind/bend membranes and interacts with phospholipids. Here we show that in insulinoma INS-1 cells ICA69 binds to the small GTPase Rab2, which regulates the transport of COPI vesicles between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex. Rab2 binds to ICA69 in a GTP-dependent fashion and recruits it to membranes. Over-expression of either Rab2 or ICA69 in INS-1 cells results in a phenotype characterized by: (i) impaired anterograde transport of the secretory granule protein precursors pro-ICA512 and chromogranin A; (ii) reduction of stimulated insulin secretion. Taken together, these data identify ICA69 as a novel Rab2 effector and point to its role in regulating the early transport of insulin secretory granule proteins.
https://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/310269
An Isolated Abnormal Chromogranin B Is Associated with Pancreato-Duodenal NETs and the Presence of Liver Metastases
Introduction: Chromogranin A (CgA) is the most important general tumor marker used in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET). CgA assays may have different sensitivities, which is of importance for the clinical diagnosis and handling of NET patients ...
https://www.enets.org/an-isolated-abnormal-chromogranin-b-is-associated-with-pancreato-duodenal-nets-and-the-presence-of-liver-metastases.html
Neuroscientists Studying Chemicals that Talk to Other Cells - June 11, 2001
Dr. Mains is interested in neurons and endocrine cells and the chemicals - peptides - used to talk to other cells. The enzymes involved in peptide processing and how the peptide precursors and enzymes manage to find each other and get together in the same secretory granules, are his key areas of inquiry right now. Dr. Eipper is investigating peptides, too, but her inquiry has led to questions about how cells provide the secretory granules with the environment they need to do their jobs. Current initiatives involve understanding the way in which cells provide toxic trace metals such as copper and essential factors like vitamin C to the secretory granule proteins that need them in order to function properly.. Mains and Eipper explain one practical value their research might yield. Electroconvulsive therapy is a procedure that causes a seizure in the brain by passing a mild electric current through the brain. ECT is one of the most effective treatments that exists for depression, and it is also ...
http://www.advance.uconn.edu/2001/010611/01061112.htm
JCI - Autoreactive T cells in type 1 diabetesJCI - Autoreactive T cells in type 1 diabetes
Schematic representation of major autoantigen classes that may be targeted by CD4+ T cells. Similar to CD8+ T cells, these may include native antigens and neoepitopes, which may be formed under conditions of β cell inflammation and stress. β Cells can produce several neoepitopes: for example, peptides originating from alternative splicing, insulin hybrid peptides (HP), and DRiP insulin peptides are reportedly produced in β cells (for DRiPs, the evidence is from studies of cell lines). Many autoantigens are secretory granule proteins, which may be released by β cells and acquired by APCs. Exosomes released by β cells also contain autoantigens. CD4+ T cells may react with antigens captured, processed, and presented by APCs in the pancreatic lymph node and in the islets. The B:9-23 epitope is produced in the secretory granules, captured, and presented by APCs, at least in the NOD mouse. The generation of neoepitopes in β cells further raises the question of whether the previously reported ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/94549/figure/3
Human CGa clia kit | biobool.comHuman CGa clia kit | biobool.com
Product Description specificalThe micro CLIA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human CGalpha. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate micro CLIA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Human CGalpha and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate is added to each micro plate well successively and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Human CGalpha, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear fluorescence. The Relative light unit(RLU) value is measured spectrophotometrically by the Chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. The RLU value is positively associated with the concentration of Human CGalpha. You can calculate the concentration of Human CGalpha in the samples by comparing the RLU value of the samples to the standard curve. ...
https://www.biobool.com/clia_kit/3330.html
Reactome | Cd55 [secretory granule membrane]Reactome | Cd55 [secretory granule membrane]
Reactome is pathway database which provides intuitive bioinformatics tools for the visualisation, interpretation and analysis of pathway knowledge.
https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-RNO-6803302
Reactome | VAMP2 [secretory granule membrane]Reactome | VAMP2 [secretory granule membrane]
Reactome is pathway database which provides intuitive bioinformatics tools for the visualisation, interpretation and analysis of pathway knowledge.
http://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-265198?interactor=UniProt:O14810%20CPLX1
GlyConnectGlyConnect
Export GlyConnect protein list related to glycosylation_site_structure with id 1593000291000998 P55259 # id : 1593 Pancreatic secretory granule membrane major glycoprotein GP2 Homo sapiens ...
https://glyconnect.expasy.org/browser/proteins/1593/sites/291
Membranes of chromaffin granules. Isolation and partial characterization of two proteins | Biochemical JournalMembranes of chromaffin granules. Isolation and partial characterization of two proteins | Biochemical Journal
Membranes of chromaffin granules were isolated from the adrenal glands of four different species. The solubilized membrane proteins could be resolved into several bands by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (alkaline and acid gel systems). Two major protein components appeared to be common to the chromaffin granule membranes of ox, horse, pig and man. The various membrane proteins of bovine chromaffin granules were separated by filtration on Sephadex G-200 in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. Two major membrane proteins (A and B) were obtained in purified form. Treatment of protein A with 2-mercaptoethanol before electrophoresis resulted in two more rapidly migrating subunits, whereas protein B was unaffected by mercaptoethanol treatment. The amino acid compositions of the two purified proteins were determined. They are very similar to that of the total membrane proteins but significantly different from that of the chromogranins, the soluble proteins of chromaffin granules.. ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/122/3/298.1
Plus itPlus it
The possibility of differentiating between chromaffin vesicles with different catecholamine contents was tested by studying the distribution of rabbit adrenal dopamine β-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.21) and catecholamines, and the buoyant densities of the catecholamine storage vesicles after isopycnic centrifugation of crude storage vesicle fractions in sucrose density gradients. Catecholamine storage vesicles were prepared from adrenal glands of untreated rabbits, rabbits which had received chlorisondamine chloride (10/kg intraperitoneally) to block ganglionic transmission, and rabbits which had received both chlorisondamine chloride and reserpine (1 mg kg). Adrenal glands were examined 1 day after treatmenmt with chlorisondamine and 1 and 8 days after combined treatment with chlorisondamine and reserpine. Intact storage vesicles obtained from glands of untreated animals had a specific gravity of 1.27, while the membranes obtained from vesicles lysed in distilled water had a specific gravity of 1.12. ...
https://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/7/4/434
Binswangers disease, CT scan - Stock Image C001/7913 - Science Photo LibraryBinswangers disease, CT scan - Stock Image C001/7913 - Science Photo Library
Binswangers disease. Coloured axial computed tomography (CT) scan of a brain with Binswangers disease. The front of the brain is at top in this view from below. The progression of this degenerative disease has caused atrophy in both halves of the brain, seen as the abnormal gaps appearing in the brain tissue. The ventricles (centre, orange) have also been affected and are dilated from their normal size. The disease, also called Binswangers dementia, involves disruption of the brains blood supply, which starves areas of the brain of oxygen, resulting in the death of nerve cells. Symptoms include depression, muscle rigidity, difficulties walking and urinary incontinence. There is no cure for the condition. - Stock Image C001/7913
http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/82314/view
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NE differentiation in pancreatic carcinomas has been reported in various studies using IHC (13, 14, 15) . However, the expression of PGP9.5 and its relation to other NE markers have not been studied in pancreatic cancer to date. In this study, CGA was used as a marker for NE differentiation because it has been demonstrated to be a well-characterized marker for NE differentiation (16) . We found that tumor cells immunoreactive to CGA monoclonal antibody accounted for ,1% of the tumor cell population. On the other hand, PGP9.5 was expressed in 26 of 69 (37.7%) pancreatic cancers. These results suggested that the expression of PGP9.5 in pancreatic cancer is independent of NE differentiation.. Subsequently, we investigated a possible correlation of PGP9.5 status with clinicopathological features. Although PGP9.5 expression was not associated with tumor histology or the extent of the tumor, pancreatic cancer patients with PGP9.5 expression had significantly shorter survival times than those without ...
http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/6/12/4764
Two proteins associated with secretory granule membranes identified in chicken regulated secretory cells | Journal of Cell...Two proteins associated with secretory granule membranes identified in chicken regulated secretory cells | Journal of Cell...
Lately, we have identified two polypeptides of 92-94 kDa (GRL1) and 45-60 kDa (GRL2), expressed in cytoplasmic granules of chicken granulocytes and thrombocytes. Here, we report that GRL1 and GRL2 are widely distributed in all exocrine and several endocrine cell types, but not in neurons of the central nervous system, during late stages of embryonic development, as well as in newly hatched and two-month-old chickens. Immunogold studies in ultrathin frozen sections of pancreatic acinar cells show that GRL1 and GRL2 are co-localized at the periphery of zymogen granules, in granules fused with apical acinar membranes and on apical membranes of acini, while the pregranular compartments of the secretory pathway are weakly or not labeled. Semiquantitative morphometric studies indicate that GRL1 and GRL2 are equally distributed in secretory granules. A variety of physical and metabolic studies reveal that GRL2, a highly N-glycosylated polypeptide, is an intrinsic membrane protein, while GRL1 is a ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/107/5/1297
Plus itPlus it
In development of colorectal cancer (CRC), stem cell (SC) overpopulation underlies tumor initiation and progression, but it is incompletely understood which dysregulated mechanisms cause SC overpopulation. Because neuroendocrine cell (NEC) and SC populations both reside in the SC niche at the normal crypt bottom, we hypothesized that i) NECs play a role in maintaining the SC population, and ii) changes in the NEC population contributes to SC overpopulation and altered epithelial: stromal interactions during tumorigenesis. Immunofluorescence mapping and flow cytometry were used to analyze SC niche structure and cell-cell interactions in normal and neoplastic colonic tissues from Caucasian and African-American patients. In normal colonic crypts, most cells (77%) staining positively for the colonic SC marker ALDH1, also co-stained for the NE cell marker chromogranin-A (CGA). In the progression from normal to normal-appearing FAP to adenomatous to malignant colonic tissue, the proportion of ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/70/8_Supplement/4256
EGF Prevents the Neuroendocrine Differentiation of LNCaP Cells - Page 21EGF Prevents the Neuroendocrine Differentiation of LNCaP Cells - Page 21
Intracellular signaling pathways that regulate the production of lethal proteins in central neurons arent fully characterized. substrate GSK-3α/β (at Ser21/Ser9)(i.e. activation) and improved GSK-3α and GSK-3β kinase actions which occurred ahead of NP1 induction. Appearance of the dominant-negative inhibitor of Akt (Akt-kd) obstructed phosphorylation of GSK-3α/β and eventually improved NP1 induction. Whereas overexpression of constitutively turned on Akt (Akt-myr) or wild-type Akt (wtAkt) elevated GSK-α/β phosphorylation and attenuated NP1 induction. Transfection of neurons with GSK-3α siRNA blocked NP1 induction and cell loss of life completely. Similarly overexpression from the GSK-3β inhibitor Frat1 or the kinase mutant GSK-3βKilometres however not the wild-type GSK-3βWT obstructed NP1 induction and rescued neurons from loss of life. Our findings obviously implicate both GSK-3α and GSK-3β reliant system of NP1 induction and indicate a novel system in the legislation of ...
http://sprentland.com/page/21/
EGF Prevents the Neuroendocrine Differentiation of LNCaP Cells - Page 37EGF Prevents the Neuroendocrine Differentiation of LNCaP Cells - Page 37
To examine the response to chronic high-dose angiotensin II (Ang II) and a proposed milder response in feminine hearts with respect to gene manifestation and ischemic injury. was recognized. Ang II improved manifestation of genes related to heart function (ANF β-MCH Verlukast Ankrd-1 PKC-α PKC-δ TNF-α); fibrosis (Col I-α1 Col III-α1 Fn-1 Timp1) and apoptosis (P53 Casp-3) without changing heart excess weight but with 68% increase in collagen content material. High (sub-toxic) dose of Ang II resulted in marked heart redesigning and diastolic dysfunction after ischemia without significant myocyte hypertrophy or ventricular chamber dilatation. Although there were some gender-dependent variations in gene manifestation female gender didnt protect against the entire response. (from the Western Convention for the safety of vertebrate pets) and everything procedures had been authorized by the Norwegian Committee on Ethics in Pet Experimentation. Experimental Process The rats had been Fischer ...
http://sprentland.com/page/37/
Research Reveals Nutrients Impact on ... ( Vitamin A-derived retinoic acid helps...)Research Reveals Nutrients Impact on ... ( Vitamin A-derived retinoic acid helps...)
Health,...Vitamin A-derived retinoic acid helps guide development scientists sa...MONDAY Nov. 19 (HealthDay News) -- U.S. researchers say theyve uncov...Retinoic acid plays a vital role in embryo development acting as a si...When humans consume vitamin A -- found in many foods including carrot...,Research,Reveals,Nutrients,Impact,on,the,Embryo,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news
http://bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/Research-Reveals-Nutrients-Impact-on-the-Embryo-6664-1/
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Angiogenesis has been postulated to be critical for the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM), a neoplastic disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Cleavage of the N- and C-terminal regions of circulating chromogranin A (CgA, CHGA), classically an anti-angiogenic protein, can activate latent anti- and pro-angiogenic sites, respectively. In this study, we investigated the distribution of CgA-derived polypeptides in MM patients and the subsequent implications for disease progression. We show that the ratio of pro-/anti-angiogenic forms of CgA is altered in MM patients compared with healthy subjects, and that this ratio is higher in BM plasma compared with peripheral plasma, suggesting enhanced local cleavage of the CgA C-terminal region. Enhanced cleavage correlated with increased VEGF and FGF2 BM plasma levels and BM microvascular density. Using the Vk*MYC mouse model of MM, we further demonstrate that exogenously administered CgA was ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2016/02/10/0008-5472.CAN-15-1637
FPCNS - Overview: Pancreastatin, SerumFPCNS - Overview: Pancreastatin, Serum
Patient preparation: Patient must be fasting 10-12 hours prior to collection of specimen. Patient should not be on any medications that may influence Insulin levels, if possible, for at least 48 hours prior to collection. Specimen Type: SST Serum Container/Tube: Serum gel Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial Specimen Volume: 2 mL Collection Instructions: Draw blood in a serum gel tube(s). Spin down and send 2 mL of serum frozen in a plastic vial.
https://www.mayocliniclabs.com/test-catalog/Overview/75546
Factbox NET Cancer - INCAFactbox NET Cancer - INCA
Neuroendocrine Tumours (NETs) are a family of cancers that cause tumours in the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system consists of nerve and gland cells. It produces hormones and releases them into the bloodstream. NETs are generated by cells that release the hormones. The majority of NETs are found in the intestine, pancreas and the lungs.(4). ...
http://incalliance.org/factbox-neuroendocrine-net-cancer/
3M™ CeQUINBORD CGA Inorganic Insulating Board | 3M United States3M™ CeQUINBORD CGA Inorganic Insulating Board | 3M United States
3M™ CeQUINBORD CGA Inorganic Insulating Board provides excellent thermal stability and long term voltage endurance for dry-type transformers in applications such as core tubes, spacers, end fills and ground insulation. Available from 1/32%22 to 1/8%22 (.79 to 3.2mm) thickness, CeQUINBORD CGA board is a cost-effective solution for major insulation applications rated through Class 220(R).
https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/company-us/all-3m-products/~/3M-CeQUINBORD-CGA-Inorganic-Insulating-Board/?N=5002385+8709319+8745513+3293717941&rt=rud
IMP: Integrative Multi-species Prediction
GO:0061101. The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a neuroendocrine cell. A neuroendocrine cell is a cell that receives input form a neuron which controls the secretion of an endocrine substance. ...
http://imp.princeton.edu/predictions/process/mouse-context-global/1409/?gene=62835
Synaptophysin抗体[SP15]|Abcam中国|Anti-Synaptophysin抗体[SP15]Synaptophysin抗体[SP15]|Abcam中国|Anti-Synaptophysin抗体[SP15]
Synaptophysin小鼠单克隆抗体[SP15](ab11105)可与大鼠, 仓鼠, 人, 猪样本反应并经WB, ELISA, IHC实验严格验证，被10篇文献引用。所有产品均提供质保服务，中国75%以上现货。
http://www.abcam.cn/synaptophysin-antibody-sp15-ab11105.html
Chromogranin AChromogranin A
In humans, chromogranin A protein is encoded by the CHGA gene. Examples of cells producing chromogranin A (ChgA) are chromaffin ... Chromogranin A is cleaved by an endogenous prohormone convertase to produce several peptide fragments. See chromogranin A ... Stridsberg M, Angeletti RH, Helle KB (June 2000). "Characterisation of N-terminal chromogranin A and chromogranin B in mammals ... Chromogranin A or parathyroid secretory protein 1 (gene name CHGA) is a member of the granin family of neuroendocrine secretory ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromogranin_A
SCG5SCG5
Taupenot L, Harper KL, O'Connor DT (March 2003). "The chromogranin-secretogranin family". The New England Journal of Medicine. ... Lloyd RV, Jin L (March 1994). "Analysis of chromogranin/secretogranin messenger RNAs in human pituitary adenomas". Diagnostic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCG5
SCG3SCG3
Hosaka M, Watanabe T, Sakai Y, Uchiyama Y, Takeuchi T (October 2002). "Identification of a chromogranin A domain that mediates ... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. ... "Entrez Gene: SCG3 secretogranin III". Huttner WB, Gerdes HH, Rosa P (January 1991). "The granin (chromogranin/secretogranin) ... "Secretogranin III binds to cholesterol in the secretory granule membrane as an adapter for chromogranin A". The Journal of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCG3
GraninGranin
Chromogranins and secretogranins together share a C-terminal motif, whereas chromogranins A and B share a region of high ... chromogranin A (CgA) chromogranin B (CgB) secretogranin II (SgII) (see also secretoneurin) secretogranin III (SgIII) ... Stridsberg M, Angeletti RH, Helle KB (June 2000). "Characterisation of N-terminal chromogranin A and chromogranin B in mammals ... Granins (chromogranins or secretogranins) are acidic proteins and are present in the secretory granules of a wide variety of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granin
SCG2SCG2
2000). "Co-distribution patterns of chromogranin B-like immunoreactivity with chromogranin A and secretoneurin within the human ... Chromogranin Kirchmair R, Gander R, Egger M, et al. (2004). "The neuropeptide secretoneurin acts as a direct angiogenic ... SCG2, also called secretogranin II (chromogranin C), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SCG2 gene. The protein ... 2009). "Chromogranin peptides in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis". Regul. Pept. 152 (1-3): 13-21. doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2008.07. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCG2
PheochromocytomaPheochromocytoma
If metanephrine values are equivocal, chromogranin A can be used as an adjunct marker to predict the presence of a tumor.[ ... Other additional biomarkers can be helpful to aid in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma as well, most notable is Chromogranin A ... d'Herbomez M, Do Cao C, Vezzosi D, Borzon-Chasot F, Baudin E (September 2010). "Chromogranin A assay in clinical practice". ... However, a 2006 report from Italy found that over 90% of studied pheochromocytoma patients demonstrated elevated chromogranin A ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheochromocytoma
Carcinoid syndromeCarcinoid syndrome
Chromogranin A and platelets serotonin are increased.[clarification needed] Transthoracic echocardiogram shows valve thickening ... Nobels FR, Kwekkeboom DJ, Bouillon R, Lamberts SW (June 1998). "Chromogranin A: its clinical value as marker of neuroendocrine ... Markers of the condition such as chromogranin-A are imperfect indicators of disease progression. Prognosis varies from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome
HomeostasisHomeostasis
Koeslag, Johan H.; Saunders, Peter T.; Wessels, Jabus A. (1999). "The chromogranins and counter-regulatory hormones: do they ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis
Neuroendocrine tumorNeuroendocrine tumor
Aside from the hormones of secretory tumors, the most important markers are: chromogranin A (CgA), present in 99% of metastatic ... Neuroendocrine secretory protein-55, a member of the chromogranin family, is seen in pancreatic endocrine tumors but not ... Widely used neuroendocrine tissue markers are various chromogranins, synaptophysin and PGP9.5. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is ... chromogranin A, and neurotensin do not cause a clinical syndrome, although blood levels may be elevated. Functional tumors are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumor
Solid pseudopapillary tumourSolid pseudopapillary tumour
... they are negative for chromogranin and pancreatic enzymes. The gold standard for diagnosing solid pseudopapillary tumour of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_pseudopapillary_tumour
SecretoneurinSecretoneurin
Stridsberg M, Oberg K, Li Q, Engström U, Lundqvist G (January 1995). "Measurements of chromogranin A, chromogranin B ( ... Secretoneurin, is a 33-amino acid neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II (chromogranin C, CHGC). It is cleaved into the ... Tasiemski A, Hammad H, Vandenbulcke F, Breton C, Bilfinger TJ, Pestel J, Salzet M (July 2002). "Presence of chromogranin- ... Portela-Gomes GM, Stridsberg M, Johansson H, Grimelius L (June 1997). "Complex co-localization of chromogranins and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretoneurin
Ceruminous adenomaCeruminous adenoma
The cells are negative with chromogranin, synaptophysin and CK20. The major diagnosis from which to separate ceruminous adenoma ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceruminous_adenoma
Saliva testingSaliva testing
Soell M, Feki A, Hannig M, Sano H, Pinget M, Selimovic D (February 2010). "Chromogranin A detection in saliva of type 2 ... chromogranin A) was over-expressed in 100% of diabetic patients when compared to controls. In 2010 Qvarnstrom, et al., ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva_testing
Thyroid neoplasmThyroid neoplasm
Intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma expressing chromogranin A (f) and PTH (g). Calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_neoplasm
Peptide YYPeptide YY
"Developmental profile of chromogranin, hormonal peptides, and 5-hydroxytryptamine in gastrointestinal endocrine cells". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide_YY
InsulinomaInsulinoma
Pancreatic insulinoma Pancreatic insulinoma Chromogranin A Insulin immuostain Causes of hypoglycemia Metastatic Insulinoma ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulinoma
Lung cancerLung cancer
... or chromogranin. Around 10% of lung cancers are rarer types rather than the classical four. These include mixes of the above ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer
Secretogranin-1Secretogranin-1
... , also known as Chromogranin B, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHGB gene. It is a member of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretogranin-1
B3GAT1B3GAT1
Jirásek T, Hozák P, Mandys V (2003). "Different patterns of chromogranin A and Leu-7 (CD57) expression in gastrointestinal ... conditions that it is of less use in distinguishing these tumours from others than more specific markers such as chromogranin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B3GAT1
MIA PaCa-2MIA PaCa-2
... chromogranin A, synaptophysin, SSTR2, and NTR1, but not CD56. The cells have a round, epithelial morphology, and are adherent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIA_PaCa-2
MepartricinMepartricin
Fan S, Hao ZY, Zhang L, Chen XG, Zhou J, Zang YF, Tai S, Liang CZ (2014). "Increased chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mepartricin
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumorPancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
... chromogranin A, and neurotensin, do not cause a clinical syndrome although blood levels may be elevated. In total, 85% of ... immunohistochemistry is generally positive for chromogranin and synaptophysin. Genetic testing thereof typically shows altered ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_neuroendocrine_tumor
SynaptophysinSynaptophysin
Diagnostically, it is often used in combination with chromogranin A. List of human genes Synaptophysin has been shown to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptophysin
Molecular diagnosticsMolecular diagnostics
"Selective localization of the parathyroid secretory protein-I/adrenal medulla chromogranin A protein family in a wide variety ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_diagnostics
Zollinger-Ellison syndromeZollinger-Ellison syndrome
An increased level of chromogranin A is a common marker of neuroendocrine tumors. In addition, the source of the increased ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zollinger–Ellison_syndrome
Neuroendocrine differentiationNeuroendocrine differentiation
Chromogranin A, which is the most abundant product of prostatic neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine tumor cells, is widely ... chromogranin A (CgA), synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) (three proteins that are used as markers for ... chromogranin A, synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, calcitonin and bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide, while lacking, or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_differentiation
ParagangliomaParaganglioma
... the chief cells located in the cell balls are positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin, neuron specific enolase, serotonin, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraganglioma
Nerve tissue proteinNerve tissue protein
Agrin Chimerin Proteins Chromogranins Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein GAP-43 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_tissue_protein
Neuroendocrine cellNeuroendocrine cell
... chromogranin A, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), and cholecystokinin. These cells can be the source of several types of lung ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_cell
XeninXenin
... is a peptide hormone secreted from the chromogranin A-positive enteroendocrine cells called the K-cells in the mucous ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenin
Anti-Chromogranin A antibody (ab45179) | AbcamAnti-Chromogranin A antibody (ab45179) | Abcam
Rabbit polyclonal Chromogranin A antibody. Validated in WB, IHC, ICC/IF and tested in Mouse, Rat, Human. Cited in 20 ... Anti-Chromogranin A antibody (ab45179) at 1/1000 dilution (purified) + PC-12 cell lysate at 20 µg. Secondary. Goat Anti-Rabbit ... Anti-Chromogranin A antibody (ab45179) at 1/5000 dilution (purified) + SH-SY5Y cell lysate at 10 µg. Secondary. Goat Anti- ... Anti-Chromogranin A antibody (ab45179) at 1/10000 dilution (unpurified) + PC-12 cell lysate at 10 µg. Secondary. HRP-conjugated ...
https://www.abcam.com/chromogranin-a-antibody-ab45179.html
Circulating Gastrin and Chromogranin A: Elevated | GreenMedInfoCirculating Gastrin and Chromogranin A: Elevated | GreenMedInfo
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Circulating Gastrin and Chromogranin A: Elevated, Tumor Marker Elevation: Chromogranin ... Circulating Gastrin and Chromogranin A: Elevated Related Articles. Medical Errors Kill Enough People to Fill 4 Jumbo Jets a ... 1 Abstracts with Circulating Gastrin and Chromogranin A: Elevated Research. Filter by Study Type. Human Study. ... 1 Problem Substances Researched for Circulating Gastrin and Chromogranin A: Elevated Name. AC. CK. Focus. ...
https://greenmedinfo.com/adverse-pharmacological-action/circulating-gastrin-and-chromogranin-elevated
CHGA Protein Human | Chromogranin A Recombinant | ProSpecCHGA Protein Human | Chromogranin A Recombinant | ProSpec
Chromogranin-A Isoform 1 Preproprotein or CHGA is part of the neuroendocrine secretory proteins of the chromogranin/ ... CHGA, CGA, Chromogranin-A, Vasostatin I, SP-I, Pituitary secretory protein I. ...
https://www.prospecbio.com/chromogranin_a
Chromogranin A in the mammalian heart - ResultatChromogranin A in the mammalian heart - Resultat
Chromogranin A in the mammalian heart: Expression without secretion. Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Letter › Forskning › ... Aim: To investigate whether chromogranin A (CgA) is secreted from the heart into circulation. ...
https://forskning.ku.dk/soeg/result/?pure=da/publications/chromogranin-a-in-the-mammalian-heart
Chromogranin A - Biocare MedicalChromogranin A - Biocare Medical
Role of Synaptophysin, Chromogranin and CD56 in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung lacking morphological...Role of Synaptophysin, Chromogranin and CD56 in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung lacking morphological...
We report on a cohort of 1170 cases that synaptophysin, chromogranin and CD56 are commonly expressed in ADC and SqCC and that ... The least common positive marker was chromogranin. A combination of ≤2 neuroendocrine markers was positive in 2-3% of ADC and 0 ... All cases were stained with synaptophysin, chromogranin and CD56. Positivity was defined as > 1% positive tumor cells. Data ... Therefore, we investigated retrospectively a large cohort to expand the data on the role of synaptophysin, chromogranin and ...
https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-021-08140-9/tables/1
Chromogranin A Test Uk - Consortium for Post-Genome ScienceChromogranin A Test Uk - Consortium for Post-Genome Science
Chromogranin A Test Uk. Lab Reagents Chromogranin Assay Laboratories manufactures the chromogranin a test uk reagents ... please contact chromogranin assay. Other Chromogranin products are available in stock. Specificity: Chromogranin Category: A ... The Chromogranin A Test Uk reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. To purchase ...
https://www.postgenomeconsortium.com/chromogranin-a-test-uk/
An antibody against secretogranin I (chromogranin B) is packaged into secretory granules. | Journal of Cell Biology |...An antibody against secretogranin I (chromogranin B) is packaged into secretory granules. | Journal of Cell Biology |...
An antibody against secretogranin I (chromogranin B) is packaged into secretory granules. P Rosa, P Rosa ... P Rosa, U Weiss, R Pepperkok, W Ansorge, C Niehrs, E H Stelzer, W B Huttner; An antibody against secretogranin I (chromogranin ... An mAb against secretogranin I (chromogranin B), a secretory protein costored with various peptide hormones and neuropeptides ...
https://rupress.org/jcb/article/109/1/17/59262/An-antibody-against-secretogranin-I-chromogranin-B
Chromo Granin A - Metro Office Supply at J. Craig Venter InstituteChromo Granin A - Metro Office Supply at J. Craig Venter Institute
Chromo Granin A. Lab Reagents Chromagranin A Laboratories manufactures the chromo granin a reagents distributed by Genprice. ... The Chromo Granin A reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. To purchase these ...
https://www.mymetroofficeproducts.net/chromo-granin-a/
CHROMOGRANIN IHC | Vijaya Medical CentreCHROMOGRANIN IHC | Vijaya Medical Centre
No. 14G, Chinagadili, Health City, Visakhapatnam 530 040, AP, India. [email protected] ...
https://vijayamedicalcentre.com/test/chromogranin-ihc/
IMSEAR at SEARO: Salivary chromogranin A as a measure of stress response to noise.
Salivary chromogranin A as a measure of stress response to noise.. Authors: Miyakawa, Masamitsu. Matsui, Toshihito. Kishikawa, ... Miyakawa M, Matsui T, Kishikawa H, Murayama R, Uchiyama I, Itoh T, Yoshida T. Salivary chromogranin A as a measure of stress ... Effects of noise on the secretion of salivary chromogranin A (CgA), which is considered to be a substitute measure of ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/121991
Chromogranin Control Slides - CS155 - gccdiagnostics.com
Anti Human Chromogranin A Antibody | Bio-RadAnti Human Chromogranin A Antibody | Bio-Rad
... recognizes human chromogranin A, a secreted peptide that inhibits glucose-induced insulin release. Chromogranin A is an ... Sheep anti Human Chromogranin A. Product Type. Polyclonal Antibody. Isotype. Polyclonal IgG. Specificity. Chromogranin A. Quick ... Sheep anti Human Chromogranin antibodyrecognizes human chromogranin A, a secreted peptide that inhibits glucose-induced insulin ... Chromogranin A is an activator of microglia (Taupenaut et al. 1996) and is notably upregulated and prominantly expressed in the ...
https://www.bio-rad-antibodies.com/polyclonal/human-chromogranin-a-antibody-2095-0220.html
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Chromogranin A - ILVOEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Chromogranin A - ILVO
Dillen L, De Block J, Van Laer L, De Potter W. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Chromogranin A. Clinical Chemistry. 1989; ... Dillen, L., De Block, J., Van Laer, L., & De Potter, W. (1989). Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Chromogranin A. Clinical ... Dillen, L, De Block, J, Van Laer, L & De Potter, W 1989, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Chromogranin A, Clinical ... Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Chromogranin A. / Dillen, Lieve; De Block, Jan; Van Laer, Lutgard ; De Potter, Werner. ...
https://pureportal.ilvo.be/nl/publications/enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay-for-chromogranin-a
Chromogranin A (CgA) - Ronny Allan - Living with Neuroendocrine CancerChromogranin A (CgA) - Ronny Allan - Living with Neuroendocrine Cancer
... which release chromogranin A and certain hormones into the blood. Chromogranin A may be found in higher than normal amounts in ... Chromogranin A is a type of tumour marker. Also called CgA. Also used in Immunostains where it is specific but not sensitive ... Measuring the amount of chromogranin A in the blood may help to diagnose cancer or other conditions or find out how well ... Tag: Chromogranin A (CgA). A protein found inside neuroendocrine cells, which release chromogranin A and certain hormones into ...
https://ronnyallan.net/tag/cga/
Serum chromogranin-A in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnostic utility and limits.Serum chromogranin-A in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnostic utility and limits.
... SPADARO, Aldo;AJELLO, Antonino;MORACE, ... High serum levels of chromogranin-A (CgA) have recently been reported in HCC. Impaired hepatic, renal, and heart functions ... High serum levels of chromogranin-A (CgA) have recently been reported in HCC. Impaired hepatic, renal, and heart functions ...
https://iris.unime.it/handle/11570/1890120
Assisted reproductive technologies do not enhance the variability of DNA methylation imprints in humanAssisted reproductive technologies do not enhance the variability of DNA methylation imprints in human
Chromogranins * DLK1 protein, human * GRB10 protein, human * H19 long non-coding RNA ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19948534/?dopt=Abstract
Chromogranin 49 Ngl. Using The Cisbio Cga-Elisa-Us Kit. - Gel electrophoresisChromogranin 49 Ngl. Using The Cisbio Cga-Elisa-Us Kit. - Gel electrophoresis
... please contact chromogranin elisa. Other Chromogranin products are available in stock. Specificity: Chromogranin Category: 49 ... Chromogranin Elisa Laboratories manufactures the chromogranin 49 ngl. using the cisbio cga-elisa-us kit. reagents distributed ... The Chromogranin 49 Ngl. Using The Cisbio Cga-Elisa-Us Kit. reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell ... Description: Primary antibody against Chromogranin A(CGA414 + CGA/777 + CGA/798), CF660R conjugate, Concentration: 0.1mg/mL ...
https://electroforese.com/chromogranin-49-ngl-using-the-cisbio-cga-elisa-us-kit/
USCN life science : Producing ELISA kit, ELISA Kit for Guinea Pig Chromogranin A(CHGA)USCN life science : Producing ELISA kit, ELISA Kit for Guinea Pig Chromogranin A(CHGA)
Related article about: ELISA Kit for Guinea Pig Chromogranin A(CHGA) Other elisa kits Products ELISA Kit for Human Neurotrophic ...
http://uscnlifescience.com/product_description_of_ELISA%20Kit%20for%20Guinea%20Pig%20Chromogranin%20A
Chromogranin A as a marker of osteolysis in stage D3 prostate cancer patients - CROSBIChromogranin A as a marker of osteolysis in stage D3 prostate cancer patients - CROSBI
Chromogranin A as a marker of osteolysis in stage D3 prostate cancer patients}, keyword = {chromogranin A, osteolysis, prostate ... Chromogranin A as a marker of osteolysis in stage D3 prostate cancer patients}, keyword = {chromogranin A, osteolysis, prostate ... Chromogranin A as a marker of osteolysis in stage D3 prostate cancer patients // Anticancer Research, 24 (2004), 5D. (podatak o ... Chromogranin A as a marker of osteolysis in stage D3 prostate cancer patients // Anticancer Research, 24 (2004), 5D. (podatak o ...
https://www.bib.irb.hr/225650
Carcinoid syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaCarcinoid syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Blood tests (including serotonin and chromogranin blood tests). *CTMRI scan of the chest or abdomen ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000347.htm
Merkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: Overview, Pathophysiology and Etiology, Clinical FeaturesMerkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: Overview, Pathophysiology and Etiology, Clinical Features
Merkel cells and MCCs have similar neuroendocrine markers, such as neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, and synaptophysin. ... Osmiophilic granules contain neuropeptide, such as neuron-specific enolase, chromogranins, and synaptophysin. Evidence suggests ... and chromogranin. CK19 expression is increased in tumors positive for the Merkel cell polyomavirus and may help in diagnosis of ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/853565-10501/when-is-biopsy-indicated-in-the-diagnosis-of-a-merkel-cell-carcinoma-mcc-tumor
Mouse Transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein ig-h3 (TGFBI) ELISA kit | CSB-EL023450MO | CusabioMouse Transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein ig-h3 (TGFBI) ELISA kit | CSB-EL023450MO | Cusabio
Human Chromogranin, CgA ELISA Kit , CSB-E09153h , CusabioHuman Chromogranin, CgA ELISA Kit is Available at Gentaur Genprice ...
https://joplink.net/mouse-transforming-growth-factor-beta-induced-protein-ig-h3-tgfbi-elisa-kit-csb-el023450mo/
Lung neuroendocrine tumors: A systematic literature review (Review)Lung neuroendocrine tumors: A systematic literature review (Review)
In general, LNETs are positive for chromogranin A, synaptophysin and CD56. However, in types of LNETs that have to be ... Immunologic markers used to differentiate NETs are chromogranin A, synaptophysin, CD56 and NSE. In order to discriminate ... Using this they observed that a low level of 5-HIAA and an increased serum chromogranin A represent an indicator of poor ... the most important tool is the serum dosing of chromogranin A in association with urinary dosing of 5 hydroxyindoleacetic acid ...
https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/etm.2021.11099?text=fulltext
Merkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: Overview, Pathophysiology and Etiology, Clinical FeaturesMerkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck: Overview, Pathophysiology and Etiology, Clinical Features
Merkel cells and MCCs have similar neuroendocrine markers, such as neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, and synaptophysin. ... Osmiophilic granules contain neuropeptide, such as neuron-specific enolase, chromogranins, and synaptophysin. Evidence suggests ... and chromogranin. CK19 expression is increased in tumors positive for the Merkel cell polyomavirus and may help in diagnosis of ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/853565-overview
Cytoskeleton mediates negative inotropism and lusitropism of chromogranin A-derived peptides (human vasostatin1-78 and rat CgA...Cytoskeleton mediates negative inotropism and lusitropism of chromogranin A-derived peptides (human vasostatin1-78 and rat CgA...
Chromogranin A (CgA) and its derived peptides have revealed themselves as novel cardiovascular modulators. In humans, normal ... Chromogranin A (CgA) and its derived peptides have revealed themselves as novel cardiovascular modulators. In humans, normal ... Recent data have shown on the unstimulated rat heart that human recombinant Vasostatin-1 (hrVS-1) and rat chromogranin A 1-64 ( ... Recent data have shown on the unstimulated rat heart that human recombinant Vasostatin-1 (hrVS-1) and rat chromogranin A 1-64 ( ...
https://iris.unisr.it/handle/20.500.11768/2965
Chromogranin mRNA levels in the brain as a marker for acute and chronic changes in neuronal activity: effect of treatments...Chromogranin mRNA levels in the brain as a marker for acute and chronic changes in neuronal activity: effect of treatments...
Chromogranin mRNA levels in the brain as a marker for acute and chronic changes in neuronal activity: effect of treatments ... Chromogranin/secretogranins are a family of acidic, soluble proteins with a widespread distribution in secretory vesicles of ... The effects of experimental stimuli of differing duration and intensity on chromogranin B and secretogranin II mRNA levels in ... Chromogranins.genetics. Genetic Markers. Male. Molecular Sequence Data. Nerve Tissue Proteins.genetics. Neurons.metabolism. ...
https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/13449
Plasma chromogranin A in patients with prostate cancer improves the diagnostic efficacy of free/total prostate-specific antigen...Plasma chromogranin A in patients with prostate cancer improves the diagnostic efficacy of free/total prostate-specific antigen...
T1 - Plasma chromogranin A in patients with prostate cancer improves the diagnostic efficacy of free/total prostate-specific ... Plasma chromogranin A in patients with prostate cancer improves the diagnostic efficacy of free/total prostate-specific antigen ... Plasma chromogranin A in patients with prostate cancer improves the diagnostic efficacy of free/total prostate-specific antigen ... Plasma chromogranin A in patients with prostate cancer improves the diagnostic efficacy of free/total prostate-specific antigen ...
https://publires.unicatt.it/it/publications/plasma-chromogranin-a-in-patients-with-prostate-cancer-improves-t
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) Volume 36 Issue 11Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) Volume 36 Issue 11
Using chromogranin A at a cut-off level of 30.3 U/ml it was possible to discriminate between patients in remission and patients ... In our study that lasted over one year we could clearly show that the measurement of chromogranin A is impressively superior to ... Usefulness of Chromogranin A as a Marker for Detection of Relapses of Carcinoid Tumours ... It is well known that peptide-producing endocrine tumours cosecrete immunoreactive chromogranin A with their characteristic ...
https://www.degruyter.com/journal/key/cclm/36/11/html
SynaptophysinSecretograninAntibodyPeptideSerumAntigenGastrinRecombinantProteinsSecretionSpecificitySecretory vesiclesNeuroendocrineSalivaryProstate cancerBovineReagentsEndogenousMarkerMeasurementLaboratoriesPeptidesProteinMarkedlyChemistryLevelsStudiesBloodProductsMouseResponseMajor
Synaptophysin2
  • Merkel cells and MCCs have similar neuroendocrine markers, such as neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, and synaptophysin. (medscape.com)
  • Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells are positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase. (cap.org)
Secretogranin6
  • Chromogranin-A Isoform 1 Preproprotein or CHGA is part of the neuroendocrine secretory proteins of the chromogranin/secretogranin family. (prospecbio.com)
  • An antibody against secretogranin I (chromogranin B) is packaged into secretory granules. (rupress.org)
  • An mAb against secretogranin I (chromogranin B), a secretory protein costored with various peptide hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules of many endocrine cells and neurons, was expressed by microinjection of its mRNA into the secretogranin I-producing cell line PC12. (rupress.org)
  • The effects of experimental stimuli of differing duration and intensity on chromogranin B and secretogranin II mRNA levels in relevant areas of the rat brain were examined by in situ hybridization histochemistry using 35S-labelled oligonucleotides. (austin.org.au)
  • Markedly increased levels of secretogranin II (125-160% of control) and chromogranin B (140-230% of control) mRNA were observed in granule cells of the dentate gyrus 0.5-2 h after amygdaloid stimulation-induced seizures. (austin.org.au)
  • These results indicate that measurement of changes in chromogranin mRNA, particularly secretogranin II, is a useful means of assessing both rapid and long-lasting increases and decreases in neuronal activity and, in contrast to immediate early gene mRNA levels, may better reflect specific changes in neuronal secretory activity associated with transmitter/peptide release. (austin.org.au)
Antibody1
  • Sheep anti Human Chromogranin antibody recognizes human chromogranin A, a secreted peptide that inhibits glucose-induced insulin release. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Peptide4
  • It is well known that peptide-producing endocrine tumours cosecrete immunoreactive chromogranin A with their characteristic hormones. (degruyter.com)
  • The potent PACAP/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) type I receptor antagonist PACAP6-38 impaired both chromogranin A transcription or catecholamine secretion triggered by PACAP38, while the PACAP/VIP type II receptor antagonist (p-Chloro-D-Phe6, Leu17)-VIP had little or no ability to antagonize the PACAP38 effect. (jci.org)
  • Catestatin, an endogenous peptide derived from bovine chromogranin A, and its active domain cateslytin display powerful antimicrobial activities. (uib.no)
  • Peptide microarrays for the characterization of antigenic regions of human chromogranin A. (genomeweb.com)
Serum4
  • The Chromogranin A Test Uk reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (postgenomeconsortium.com)
  • Serum chromogranin-A in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnostic utility and limits. (unime.it)
  • High serum levels of chromogranin-A (CgA) have recently been reported in HCC. (unime.it)
  • Plasma androgen receptor and serum chromogranin A in advanced prostate cancer. (cdc.gov)
Antigen1
  • Staining of paraffin embedded human pancreas with Sheep anti Human Chromogranin A ( 2095-0220 ) following pronase antigen retrieval. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Gastrin1
  • Chronic PPI use resulted in significant increases in CGA (including the tumor marker chromogranin A) and significant increases in gastrin compared to controls. (greenmedinfo.com)
Recombinant1
  • Recent data have shown on the unstimulated rat heart that human recombinant Vasostatin-1 (hrVS-1) and rat chromogranin A 1-64 (rCgA(1-64)) induce negative inotropic and lusitropic effects counteracting the beta-adrenergic-dependent positive inotropism with a functional noncompetitive antagonism. (unisr.it)
Proteins2
  • Chromogranin/secretogranins are a family of acidic, soluble proteins with a widespread distribution in secretory vesicles of endocrine and nervous tissues. (austin.org.au)
  • For example, chromogranin A (CgA) and chromogranin B (CgB), two of the major proteins inside secretory vesicles, aggregate because of pH- and Ca 2+ -dependent conformational changes ( Yoo and Lewis, 1996 ). (jneurosci.org)
Secretion4
  • Effects of noise on the secretion of salivary chromogranin A (CgA), which is considered to be a substitute measure of catecholamines, were investigated in a laboratory experiment. (who.int)
  • Since chromogranin A is secreted along with catecholamines, we asked whether PACAP regulates expression of the chromogranin A gene in PC12 rat chromaffin cells, so as to resynthesize the just-secreted protein, and whether such biosynthetic regulation is coupled mechanistically to catecholamine secretion. (jci.org)
  • Thus, PACAP-evoked chromogranin A transcription and catecholamine secretion are likely mediated by the PACAP/VIP type I receptor isoform. (jci.org)
  • Although the calcium channel antagonists Zn2+ (100 microM), nifedipine (10 microM), or ruthenium red (10 microM), or the cytosolic calcium chelator BAPTA-AM (50 microM) each strongly impaired PACAP-induced secretion, transcriptional activation of chromogranin A remained unaltered. (jci.org)
Specificity2
  • Specificity: Chromogranin Category: 49 Group: Ngl. (electroforese.com)
  • Using chromogranin A at a cut-off level of 30.3 U/ml it was possible to discriminate between patients in remission and patients suffering a relapse with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 96.4 %, which may be of important diagnostic value. (degruyter.com)
Secretory vesicles1
  • Chromogranin A is the major soluble core component in secretory vesicles. (jci.org)
Neuroendocrine4
  • A protein found inside neuroendocrine cells, which release chromogranin A and certain hormones into the blood. (ronnyallan.net)
  • Chromogranin A may be found in higher than normal amounts in patients with certain neuroendocrine tumours, small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, and other conditions. (ronnyallan.net)
  • Tumour Markers GeneralFor some years the gold standard tumour marker for Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs) has been and remains today, Chromogranin A (and for certain scenarios Chromogranin B and C can provide some additional clues). (ronnyallan.net)
  • Increases in intragastric pH may result in hypergastrinemia and enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia and increased chromogranin A levels which may interfere with diagnostic investigations for neuroendocrine tumors. (nih.gov)
Salivary2
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Salivary chromogranin A as a measure of stress response to noise. (who.int)
  • Salivary Amylase (AA) and Chromogranin A (CgA) are promising biomarkers that can help in the diagnosis of these mental disorders, promoting a better prognosis for the worker. (bvsalud.org)
Prostate cancer2
  • Chromogranin A as a marker of osteolysis in stage D3 prostate cancer patients // Anticancer Research, 24 (2004), 5D. (irb.hr)
  • Introduction: We ascertained whether plasma chromogranin A enhances the power of serology assessing prostate cancer (PC). (unicatt.it)
Bovine1
  • Using immunocytochemistry techniques, we demonstrated specific immunostaining with antibodies rose against fragment (547-560) and (614-626) of bovine chromogranin B (CGB) at the level of brain and the tegument of the leech Theromyzon tessulatum. (nel.edu)
Reagents1
  • Chromogranin Assay Laboratories manufactures the chromogranin a test uk reagents distributed by Genprice. (postgenomeconsortium.com)
Endogenous1
  • PACAP activated the endogenous chromogranin A gene by four- to fivefold. (jci.org)
Marker3
  • Chromogranin A is a type of tumour marker. (ronnyallan.net)
  • Pancreastatin, which is actually a molecule of Chromogranin A, is another marker touted but appears to be limited to USA. (ronnyallan.net)
  • Chromogranin mRNA levels in the brain as a marker for acute and chronic changes in neuronal activity: effect of treatments including seizures, osmotic stimulation and axotomy in the rat. (austin.org.au)
Measurement1
  • In our study that lasted over one year we could clearly show that the measurement of chromogranin A is impressively superior to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic-acid for detecting a relapse of carcinoids. (degruyter.com)
Laboratories1
  • Chromogranin Elisa Laboratories manufactures the chromogranin 49 ngl. (electroforese.com)
Peptides3
  • Chromogranin A (CgA) and its derived peptides have revealed themselves as novel cardiovascular modulators. (unisr.it)
  • Cellular localization of a chromogranin B -like derived peptides in leeches. (nel.edu)
  • Salzet M, Verger-Bocquet M. Cellular localization of a chromogranin B -like derived peptides in leeches. (nel.edu)
Protein1
  • Cotransfection of expression plasmids encoding the protein kinase A inhibitor, or an inactive protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic beta subunit, inhibited both forskolin and PACAP activation of chromogranin A transcription, revealing that PACAP-induced trans-activation is highly dependent on PKA. (jci.org)
Markedly1
  • Expression of a dominant-negative mutant (KCREB) of the CRE-binding factor CREB markedly diminished trans-activation of the chromogranin A promoter by PACAP. (jci.org)
Chemistry1
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Chromogranin A . Clinical Chemistry , 35 , 1934-1938. (ilvo.be)
Levels1
  • In plasma samples the levels of chromogranin A (CgA) were also assayed. (unicatt.it)
Studies1
Blood1
  • Measuring the amount of chromogranin A in the blood may help to diagnose cancer or other conditions or find out how well treatment is working or if cancer has come back. (ronnyallan.net)
Products1
Mouse1
  • Proportional results (seven- to eightfold activation) were obtained with a transfected 1,200-bp mouse chromogranin A promoter/luciferase reporter construct. (jci.org)
Response2
  • A series of chromogranin A promoter 5' deletion mutant/luciferase reporter constructs narrowed down the PACAP response element to a proximal region containing the cAMP response element (CRE box), at (-71 bp)5'-TGACGTAA-3'(-64 bp). (jci.org)
  • Thus, the proximal CRE box is entirely necessary for the chromogranin A promoter response to PACAP. (jci.org)
Major1
  • Chromogranin A, PIINP, S100A12, Hyaluronic acid - Cisbio leverages its expertise to develop unique immunoassays for major pathologies not covered by conventional biomarkers. (cisbio.eu)
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