Chromatography gas. Medical search

The vapor state of matter; nonelastic fluids in which the molecules are in free movement and their mean positions far apart. Gases tend to expand indefinitely, to diffuse and mix readily with other gases, to have definite relations of volume, temperature, and pressure, and to condense or liquefy at low temperatures or under sufficient pressure. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.

A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.

Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.

Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.

Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid.

A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-CELLULOSE) as a positively charged resin. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

A method of gel filtration chromatography using agarose, the non-ionic component of agar, for the separation of compounds with molecular weights up to several million.

The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

Elements that constitute group 18 (formerly the zero group) of the periodic table. They are gases that generally do not react chemically.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A chromatography technique in which the stationary phase is composed of a non-polar substance with a polar mobile phase, in contrast to normal-phase chromatography in which the stationary phase is a polar substance with a non-polar mobile phase.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

An analytical technique for resolution of a chemical mixture into its component compounds. Compounds are separated on an adsorbent paper (stationary phase) by their varied degree of solubility/mobility in the eluting solvent (mobile phase).

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A combustible, gaseous mixture of low-molecular weight PARAFFIN hydrocarbons, generated below the surface of the earth. It contains mostly METHANE and ETHANE with small amounts of PROPANE; BUTANES; and higher hydrocarbons, and sometimes NITROGEN; CARBON DIOXIDE; HYDROGEN SULFIDE; and HELIUM. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

A mass spectrometry technique using two (MS/MS) or more mass analyzers. With two in tandem, the precursor ions are mass-selected by a first mass analyzer, and focused into a collision region where they are then fragmented into product ions which are then characterized by a second mass analyzer. A variety of techniques are used to separate the compounds, ionize them, and introduce them to the first mass analyzer. For example, for in GC-MS/MS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY is involved in separating relatively small compounds by GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY prior to injecting them into an ionization chamber for the mass selection.

The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.

A mass spectrometry technique used for analysis of nonvolatile compounds such as proteins and macromolecules. The technique involves preparing electrically charged droplets from analyte molecules dissolved in solvent. The electrically charged droplets enter a vacuum chamber where the solvent is evaporated. Evaporation of solvent reduces the droplet size, thereby increasing the coulombic repulsion within the droplet. As the charged droplets get smaller, the excess charge within them causes them to disintegrate and release analyte molecules. The volatilized analyte molecules are then analyzed by mass spectrometry.

The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.

A severe condition resulting from bacteria invading healthy muscle from adjacent traumatized muscle or soft tissue. The infection originates in a wound contaminated with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM. C. perfringens accounts for the majority of cases (over eighty percent), while C. noyvi, C. septicum, and C. histolyticum cause most of the other cases.

Separation of a mixture in successive stages, each stage removing from the mixture some proportion of one of the substances, for example by differential solubility in water-solvent mixtures. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.

A method of separation of two or more substances by repeated distribution between two immiscible liquid phases that move past each other in opposite directions. It is a form of liquid-liquid chromatography. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.

Areas of the earth where hydrocarbon deposits of PETROLEUM and/or NATURAL GAS are located.

A hybrid separation technique combining both chromatographic and electrophoretic separation principles. While the method was invented to separate neutral species, it can also be applied to charged molecules such as small peptides.

The sequence of carbohydrates within POLYSACCHARIDES; GLYCOPROTEINS; and GLYCOLIPIDS.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

Determination, by measurement or comparison with a standard, of the correct value of each scale reading on a meter or other measuring instrument; or determination of the settings of a control device that correspond to particular values of voltage, current, frequency or other output.

The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

The pH in solutions of proteins and related compounds at which the dipolar ions are at a maximum.

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)

The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.

A basis of value established for the measure of quantity, weight, extent or quality, e.g. weight standards, standard solutions, methods, techniques, and procedures used in diagnosis and therapy.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.

Pyrolysis of organic compounds at the temperature of a hydrogen-air flame to produce ionic intermediates which can be collected and the resulting ion current measured by gas chromatography.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

The development and use of techniques and equipment to study or perform chemical reactions, with small quantities of materials, frequently less than a milligram or a milliliter.

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

An extraction method that separates analytes using a solid phase and a liquid phase. It is used for preparative sample cleanup before analysis by CHROMATOGRAPHY and other analytical methods.

Compounds in which a methyl group is attached to the cyano moiety.

Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis.

Concentration or quantity that is derived from the smallest measure that can be detected with reasonable certainty for a given analytical procedure.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a carbohydrate.

Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Helium. A noble gas with the atomic symbol He, atomic number 2, and atomic weight 4.003. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is not combustible and does not support combustion. It was first detected in the sun and is now obtained from natural gas. Medically it is used as a diluent for other gases, being especially useful with oxygen in the treatment of certain cases of respiratory obstruction, and as a vehicle for general anesthetics. (Dorland, 27th ed)

The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.

Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.

Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.

Proteins that share the common characteristic of binding to carbohydrates. Some ANTIBODIES and carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. PLANT LECTINS are carbohydrate-binding proteins that have been primarily identified by their hemagglutinating activity (HEMAGGLUTININS). However, a variety of lectins occur in animal species where they serve diverse array of functions through specific carbohydrate recognition.

Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.

Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.

A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

High-molecular-weight insoluble polymers that contain functional cationic groups capable of undergoing exchange reactions with anions.

The phenomenon whereby certain chemical compounds have structures that are different although the compounds possess the same elemental composition. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

A phase transition from liquid state to gas state, which is affected by Raoult's law. It can be accomplished by fractional distillation.

Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Methodologies used for the isolation, identification, detection, and quantitation of chemical substances.

A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules, such as glycoalkaloids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides, and peptides. Positive and negative fast atom bombardment spectra are recorded on a mass spectrometer fitted with an atom gun with xenon as the customary beam. The mass spectra obtained contain molecular weight recognition as well as sequence information.

Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.

Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.

The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.

Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (From IUPAC's webpage)

Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture of PROTEINS, by ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; or MASS SPECTROMETRY. The resulting peptide fingerprints are analyzed for a variety of purposes including the identification of the proteins in a sample, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS, patterns of gene expression, and patterns diagnostic for diseases.

Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.

A CHROMATOGRAPHY method using supercritical fluid, usually carbon dioxide under very high pressure (around 73 atmospheres or 1070 psi at room temperature) as the mobile phase. Other solvents are sometimes added as modifiers. This is used both for analytical (SFC) and extraction (SFE) purposes.

The physical phenomena describing the structure and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.

The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes.

A solventless sample preparation method, invented in 1989, that uses a fused silica fiber which is coated with a stationary phase. It is used for sample cleanup before using other analytical methods.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from skin lesions, blood, inflammatory exudates, and the upper respiratory tract of humans. It is a group A hemolytic Streptococcus that can cause SCARLET FEVER and RHEUMATIC FEVER.

Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.

Detection of drugs that have been abused, overused, or misused, including legal and illegal drugs. Urine screening is the usual method of detection.

An electrochemical process in which macromolecules or colloidal particles with a net electric charge migrate in a solution under the influence of an electric current.

Pesticides or their breakdown products remaining in the environment following their normal use or accidental contamination.

The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat.

Purifying or cleansing agents, usually salts of long-chain aliphatic bases or acids, that exert cleansing (oil-dissolving) and antimicrobial effects through a surface action that depends on possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.

Organic compounds that have a relatively high VAPOR PRESSURE at room temperature.

The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

A very strong halogenated derivative of acetic acid. It is used in acid catalyzed reactions, especially those where an ester is cleaved in peptide synthesis.

The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.

Oligosaccharides containing two monosaccharide units linked by a glycosidic bond.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

Any compound that contains a constituent sugar, in which the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon is substituted by an alcoholic, phenolic, or other group. They are named specifically for the sugar contained, such as glucoside (glucose), pentoside (pentose), fructoside (fructose), etc. Upon hydrolysis, a sugar and nonsugar component (aglycone) are formed. (From Dorland, 28th ed; From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)

Simple sugars, carbohydrates which cannot be decomposed by hydrolysis. They are colorless crystalline substances with a sweet taste and have the same general formula CnH2nOn. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Techniques for labeling a substance with a stable or radioactive isotope. It is not used for articles involving labeled substances unless the methods of labeling are substantively discussed. Tracers that may be labeled include chemical substances, cells, or microorganisms.

Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

Cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A compound used in molecular biology to digest some proteins and as a coupling reagent for phosphoroamidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Inorganic salts of sulfuric acid.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A subclass of PEPTIDE HYDROLASES that catalyze the internal cleavage of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.

Electrophoresis in which discontinuities in both the voltage and pH gradients are introduced by using buffers of different composition and pH in the different parts of the gel column. The term 'disc' was originally used as an abbreviation for 'discontinuous' referring to the buffers employed, and does not have anything to do with the shape of the separated zones.

The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.

Polyhydric alcohols having no more than one hydroxy group attached to each carbon atom. They are formed by the reduction of the carbonyl group of a sugar to a hydroxyl group.(From Dorland, 28th ed)

Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.

Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.

A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.

The study of chemical changes resulting from electrical action and electrical activity resulting from chemical changes.

A hexose or fermentable monosaccharide and isomer of glucose from manna, the ash Fraxinus ornus and related plants. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The separation of particles from a suspension by passage through a filter with very fine pores. In ultrafiltration the separation is accomplished by convective transport; in DIALYSIS separation relies instead upon differential diffusion. Ultrafiltration occurs naturally and is a laboratory procedure. Artificial ultrafiltration of the blood is referred to as HEMOFILTRATION or HEMODIAFILTRATION (if combined with HEMODIALYSIS).

Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.

Unstable isotopes of carbon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. C atoms with atomic weights 10, 11, and 14-16 are radioactive carbon isotopes.

An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.

The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.

Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.

Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of sub-subclasses for this group include EXOPEPTIDASES and ENDOPEPTIDASES.

The application of medical knowledge to questions of law.

A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.

A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

A system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

Apparatus for removing exhaled or leaked anesthetic gases or other volatile agents, thus reducing the exposure of operating room personnel to such agents, as well as preventing the buildup of potentially explosive mixtures in operating rooms or laboratories.

Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or membranes. Some carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) from PLANTS also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. Many plant lectins change the physiology of the membrane of BLOOD CELLS to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes. They may play a role in plant defense mechanisms.

Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.

The presence of organisms, or any foreign material that makes a drug preparation impure.

A group of naturally occurring N-and O-acyl derivatives of the deoxyamino sugar neuraminic acid. They are ubiquitously distributed in many tissues.

A genus of bacteria that form a nonfragmented aerial mycelium. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. This genus is responsible for producing a majority of the ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS of practical value.

Measurement and evaluation of the components of substances to be taken as FOOD.

A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, QUARTZ, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid.

Organic compounds containing the carboxy group (-COOH). This group of compounds includes amino acids and fatty acids. Carboxylic acids can be saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.

The gas-liquid chromatograph and the electron capture detection in equine drug testing. (1/4089)

Three gas-liquid chromatographic (G.L.C.) procedures discussed have been designed around the four "esses" of detection tests--speed, sensitivity, simplicity, and specificity. These techniques are admirably applicable to the very low plasma drug levels encountered in blood testing under pre-race conditions. The methods are equally applicable to post-race testing procedures, where both blood and urine samples are tested. Drugs can only rarely be detected by the electron capture detector (E.C.D.) without a prior derivatization step, which conveys to the drug(s) high electron affinity. Because of broad applicability, two derivatizing agents, heptafluorobutyric (HFBA) and pentafluorpropionic (PFPA) anhydrides are employed. The three techniques, allowing broad coverage of various drug classes are: 1) direct derivatization of drugs to form strongly electron capturing amides and esters. 2) reductive fragmentation of drugs with lithium aluminum hydride to form alcohols, with conversion to ester derivatives. 3) oxidative fragmentation of drugs with potassium dichromate to form derivatizable groups, followed by direct derivatization. (+info)

Research and identification of tranquillizers - use of retention index. (2/4089)

At the request of the Service des Haras, our laboratory works on the toxicological problems of the sport-horse. These studies have resulted in the setting up of an anti-doping control for equestrian competitions of various types, not only flat racing. During events, horses, must be calm and docile to the riders' order. Frequently, the latter use tranquillizers to try and win events. The analytical method for the research and identification of these compounds is described. The technique involves successively: 1. alkalinisation of the sample - saliva, blood or urine after enzymatic hydrolysis. 2. extraction with diethyl ether - the recovery is 70% to 90% depending upon the drug. 3. determination by gas-liquid chromatography with use of a retention index for qualitative analysis. We can detect up to fifteen tranquillizers in any one sample, even when present at such low concentrations as found in saliva. The use of the retention index is a reliable method for qualitative analysis. For example, the method has been used for three years, during which period the rentention index of acetylpromazine remained at 3240 +/- 7. The chromatographic analysis was performed on 3% OV-17 at 290 degrees. The chromatographic analysis has been performed by three columns of different polarity (OV-1; OV-17; SP-2250). If on the three columns, the retention index of one peak is the same as that of the tranquilizer, a further confirmation is made with the use of a thermionic detector specific for nitrogenous drugs. In conclusion, this method which is sufficiently precise and specific has been used for anti-doping control. (+info)

Less common "doping" agents and substances encountered during routine screening for drugs. (3/4089)

The chromatographic and spectroscopic properties of several unusual substances which have been detected in the "alkaloidal" chloroform extract from racehorse urine and saliva samples are reported. Some of these substances have been identified by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the source of the substance is stated where this is known. Other substances whose identity is not known have been detected and their mass spectra show characteristic amine fragments. The occurrence of these unidentified substances is more frequent in aged urine samples and it would therefore appear that they are associated with putrefaction. (+info)

Solid-phase microextraction and GC-ECD of benzophenones for detection of benzodiazepines in urine. (4/4089)

Benzodiazepines are common drugs that cause intoxication. Benzodiazepines and their metabolites can be converted by hydrolysis in acid to the corresponding benzophenones, which are easier to be separated from matrices because of their hydrophobic properties. In this study, a new separation technique called solid-phase microextraction (SPME), which can integrate extraction, concentration, sampling and sample introduction into one single procedure, has been employed to extract the products of benzodiazepines from urine after acid hydrolysis. The extracts were determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection (GC-ECD). The hydrolysis conditions were optimized by a statistic orthogonal design. Factors influencing direct-immersion (DI)-SPME process were also checked and chosen experimentally. The method was evaluated with spiked human urine samples. The recoveries of nine benzodiazepines ranged from 1 to 25%, with the highest for oxazolam and the lowest for bromazepam. The calibration curves were linear from 10 to 500 ng/mL for oxazolam, haloxazolam, flunitrazepam, nimetazepam, and clonazepam and from 20 to 1000 ng/mL for the others except bromazepam. The detection limits were 2-20 ng/mL for most drugs tested. The intraday and interday coefficients of variation of the developed method were within 10 and 17%, respectively. In addition, the utility of the method was confirmed by determining two ingested benzodiazepines (flunitrazepam and oxazolam) in a volunteer's urine; urine flunitrazepam was still detectable 32 h after a therapeutic dose (1.2 mg) of the drug. Finally, the DI-SPME was compared with the conventional liquid-liquid extraction with regard to detection limits and extraction efficiency of the analytes. By DI-SPME, more amounts of analytes could be introduced into GC column than by conventional liquid-liquid extraction, and thus lower detection limits of the analytes were reached, although benzophenone recoveries by DI-SPME were rather low. (+info)

Gas-liquid chromatography of the heptafluorobutyrate derivatives of the O-methyl-glycosides on capillary columns: a method for the quantitative determination of the monosaccharide composition of glycoproteins and glycolipids. (5/4089)

We have developed a method involving the formation of hepta-fluorobutyrate derivatives of O-methyl-glycosides liberated from glycoproteins and glycolipids following methanolysis. The stable derivatives of the most common monosaccharides of these glycoconjugates (Ara, Rha, Xyl, Fuc, Gal, Man, Glc, GlcNAc, GalNAc, Neu5Ac, KDN) can be separated and quantitatively and reproducibly determined with a high degree of sensitivity level (down to 25 pmol) in the presence of lysine as an internal standard. The GlcNAc residue bound to Asn in N-glycans is quantitatively recovered as two peaks. The latter were easily distinguished from the other GlcNAc residues of N-glycans, thus allowing a considerable improvement of the data on structure of N-glycans obtained from a single carbohydrate analysis. The most common contaminants present in buffers commonly used for the isolation of soluble or membrane-bound glycoproteins (SDS, Triton X-100, DOC, TRIS, glycine, and polyacrylamide or salts, as well as monosaccharide constituents of proteoglycans or degradation products of nucleic acids) do not interfere with these determinations. A carbohydrate analysis of glycoproteins isolated from a SDS/PAGE gel or from PDVF membranes can be performed on microgram amounts without significant interferences. Since fatty acid methyl esters and sphingosine derivatives are separated from the monosaccharide peaks, the complete composition of gangliosides can be achieved in a single step starting from less than 1 microg of the initial compound purified by preparative Silicagel TLC. Using electron impact ionization mass spectrometry, reporter ions for the different classes of O-methyl-glycosides (pentoses, deoxy-hexoses, hexoses, hexosamines, uronic acids, sialic acid, and KDN) allow the identification of these compounds in very complex mixtures. The mass of each compound can be determined in the chemical ionization mode and detection of positive or negative ions. This method presents a considerable improvement compared to those using TMS derivatives. Indeed the heptafluorobutyrate derivatives are stable, and acylation of amino groups is complete. Moreover, there is no interference with contaminants and the separation between fatty acid methyl-esters and O-methyl glycosides is achieved. (+info)

Methodological issues in biomonitoring of low level exposure to benzene. (6/4089)

Data from a pilot study on unmetabolized benzene and trans,trans muconic acid (t,t-MA) excretion in filling station attendants and unexposed controls were used to afford methodological issues in the biomonitoring of low benzene exposures (around 0.1 ppm). Urinary concentrations of benzene and t,t-MA were measured by dynamic head-space capillary GC/FID and HPLC, respectively. The accuracy of the HPLC determination of t,t-MA was assessed in terms of inter- and intra-method reliability. The adequacy of urinary t,t-MA and benzene as biological markers of low benzene exposure was evaluated by analysing the relationship between personal exposure to benzene and biomarker excretion. Filling station attendants excreted significantly higher amounts of benzene, but not of t,t-MA, than controls. Adjusting for occupational benzene exposure, smokers excreted significantly higher amounts of t,t-MA, but not of unmetabolized benzene, than nonsmokers. A comparative analysis of the present and previously published biomonitoring surveys showed a good inter-study agreement regarding the amount of t,t-MA and unmetabolized benzene excreted (about 0.1-0.2 mg/l and 1-2 micrograms/l, respectively) per unit of exposure (0.1 ppm). For each biomarker, based on the distribution of parameters observed in the pilot study, we calculated the minimum sample size required to estimate the population mean with given confidence and precision. (+info)

The structure of a glycopeptide (GP-II) isolated from Rhizopus saccharogenic amylase. (7/4089)

Mild alkaline treatment of glycopeptide (GP-II) resulted in the loss of 1 mole of serine and 5 moles of threonine per mole of GP-II, suggesting the presence of O-glycosyl bonds between 1 serine and 5 threonine residues and carbohydrate chains. Treatment of GP-II with alkaline borohydride released only disaccharide. Methylation studies of the carbohydrate moiety gave 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl and 2,4,6-tri-O-methyl derivatives of mannose in a ratio of approximately 1:1. In addition, one step of Smith degradation resulted in the loss of about 6 residues of mannose per mole of GP-II. Moreover, alpha-mannosidase [EC 3.2.1.24] liberated about 6 residles of mannose per mole of GP-II. On the basis of these data, the structure of the carbohydrate moiety of GP-II was confirmed to be 3-O-alpha-mannosylmannose. The amino- and carboxyl-terminal amino acids of GP-II were determined to be threonine and serine, respectively. On reductive cleavage of N-proline bonds with metallic sodium in liquid ammonia, 2 moles of alanine per mole of GP-II were lost. From the compositions of three fragments isolated from the reductive cleavage products, the amino acid sequence of the peptide portion of GP-II was determined. Based on these data, a probable structure was proposed for GP-II. (+info)

Cellular fatty acids and metabolic products of Pseudomonas species obtained from clinical specimens. (8/4089)

The cellular fatty acid composition of 112 reference strains and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas species was determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The presence and relative amounts of cyclopropane, hydroxy, and branched-chain fatty acids were distinguishing features of these strains. Determination of short-chain fatty acids extracted from spent growth media provided an additional means for identifying some strains. Our results show that clinical isolates of pseudomonads can be divided into eight distinct GLC groups. The procedures were especially useful for distinguishing glucose-nonoxidizing pseudomonads, which are difficult to identify by conventional criteria. Since the GLC procedures are simple, rapid, and highly reproducible, they are useful in diagnostic laboratories that process large numbers of cultures. Coupled with selected conventional tests, the analysis of short-chain and cellular fatty acids can be very useful for rapid screening of clinical isolates of Pseudomonas species. (+info)

"Gas-Liquid Chromatography: A Technique for the Analysis and Identification of Volatile Materials" reported the discovery of gas ... He developed partition chromatography whilst working on the separation of amino acids, and later developed gas-liquid ... "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 November 2019. "Nobel Winner Archer Martin Dies ... JAMES, AT; MARTIN, AJ (1954). "Gas-liquid chromatography; a technique for the analysis and identification of volatile materials ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archer_Martin

Gas chromatography (GC) performs the same function as liquid chromatography, but it is used for volatile mixtures. In forensic ... These include high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, ... HPLC is used for nonvolatile mixtures that would not be suitable for gas chromatography. This is useful in drug analysis where ... "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 Nov 2019. Gohlke, Roland S.; McLafferty, Fred W ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_chemistry

"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 Nov 2019. "Marine Surplus Seller, Issues 13-22 ... Harrington of Bendix Aviation in the 1950s led to the combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and the ... development of Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrumentation. Beginning in the 1960s, Bendix produced scientific ... Criteria was met for hostile and non-hostile environments that provided seals against liquids and gasses. In 1971, Bendix ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bendix_Corporation

This led to the development of Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instruments such as the Bendix MA-2 Time-of-Flight Mass ... "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 Nov 2019. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link ... Harrington at Bendix Aviation to demonstrate the potential of combining gas chromatography and mass spectrometer. ... MSA and Cousteau-Gagnon Demand Breathing Appliances for Descents to 400 Feet and the Measurement of the Amounts of Gas Required ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bendix_Aviation

For example, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass ... Bartle, Keith D.; Myers, Peter (2002). "History of gas chromatography". TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 21 (9-10): 547. ... Holt, R. M.; Newman, M. J.; Pullen, F. S.; Richards, D. S.; Swanson, A. G. (1997). "High-performance Liquid Chromatography/NMR ... Chromatography, electrophoresis and field flow fractionation are representative of this field. Combinations of the above ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytical_chemistry

"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 Nov 2019. National Historic Chemical Landmarks ( ... Elmo Brady, the First African-American Ph.D. in Chemistry Steroid Medicines and Upjohn Innovation Gas Chromatography-Mass ... "Neil Bartlett and Reactive Noble Gases". National Historic Chemical Landmarks. American Chemical Society. Archived from the ... "Discovery of Helium in Natural Gas". American Chemical Society. National Historic Chemical Landmarks. Retrieved 2017-11-11. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Historic_Chemical_Landmarks

"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 Nov 2019. Grayson, Michael A. (2002). Measuring ... Robert Emmet Finnigan (born May 27, 1927) is an American pioneer in the development of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ... Modern practice of gas chromatography. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience. ISBN 978-0-471-22983-4. Retrieved 6 February 2017. ... An EPA manual for organic analysis using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Environmental Protection Agency. pp. 2, 4. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_E._Finnigan

"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 November 2019. D.Sc, F. W. Aston M. A. (1 ... Aston studied the current through a gas-filled tube. The research, conducted with self-made discharge tubes, led him to ... "Experiments on the Length of the Cathode Dark Space with Varying Current Densities and Pressures in Different Gases". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_William_Aston

ISBN 978-1-60774-172-5. Linskens, Hans-Ferdinand; Jackson, John F. (2012-12-06). Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Springer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabuse_tea

"The nitrogen-phosphorus detector and its applications in gas chromatography". Journal of Chromatography A. 134 (1): 57-64. doi: ... Since the alkali metal bead is consumed over time, it must be replaced regularly . Gas chromatography Wolfgang Kleiböhmer (2001 ... is a detector commonly used with gas chromatography, in which thermal energy is used to ionize an analyte. It is a type of ... A concentration of hydrogen gas is used such that it is just below the minimum required for ignition. A rubidium or cesium bead ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen–phosphorus_detector

"Rapid Determination of Gaseous Diffusion Coefficients by Means of Gas Chromatography Apparatus" "Temperature Dependence of Gas ... "Rapid Determination of Gaseous Diffusion Coefficients by Means of Gas Chromatography Apparatus , Issue 5 - Journal of Chemical ... "Plate Height in Gas Chromatography" "Colorimetric Determination of Low Concentrations of Primary and Secondary Alcohols" "Rapid ... "Plate Height in Gas Chromatography". Analytical Chemistry. 32 (7): 867-870. doi:10.1021/ac60163a043. "Faculty - Weber State ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_L._Seager

Gohlke, R; McLafferty, Fred W. (1993). "Early gas chromatography/mass spectrometry". Journal of the American Society for Mass ... "Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Gas-Liquid Partition Chromatography". Analytical Chemistry. 31 (4): 535-541. doi:10.1021/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_physical_chemistry

Gladney, HM; Dowden, BF; Swalen, JD (1969). "Computer-Assisted Gas-Liquid Chromatography". Anal. Chem. 41 (7): 883-888. doi: ... An alternative but equivalent form of the EMG distribution is used for description of peak shape in chromatography. This is as ... "Characterization of Exponentially Modified Gaussian Peaks in Chromatography". Analytical Chemistry. 44 (11): 1733-1738. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentially_modified_Gaussian_distribution

Gohlke RS, McLafferty FW (1993-05-01). "Early gas chromatography/mass spectrometry". Journal of the American Society for Mass ... EISA and collision-induced dissociation (CID) among other physical events that impact ions are a part of gas phase ion ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragmentation_(mass_spectrometry)

"Electron capture detection in gas chromatography". Journal of Chromatography A. 98 (2): 323. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(00)92077-6 ... The technique can be used with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An electron capture detector most often uses a radioactive ... The gas in the detector chamber is ionized by the radiation particles. Nitrogen, argon and helium are common carrier gases used ... the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006-) "electron capture detector (in gas chromatography)". doi:10.1351/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_capture_ionization

Most commonly, the FID is attached to a gas chromatography system. The eluent exits the gas chromatography column (A) and ... It is frequently used as a detector in gas chromatography. The measurement of ion per unit time make this a mass sensitive ... "Slide 11 on "Gas Chromatography" presentation". slideplayer.com. Retrieved 2016-03-08. Dauenhauer, Paul (January 21, 2015). " ... Morgan, D J (1961). "Construction and operation of a simple flame-ionization detector for gas chromatography". J. Sci. Instrum ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_ionization_detector

In 1982 Kaiser and Professor Robert L. Grob published Environmental Problem Solving Using Gas Chromatography. The book became a ... Kaiser, Mary (1982). Environmental Problem Solving Using Gas Chromatography. Amsterdam: Elsevier. ISBN 0-444-42065-7. "Mary ... "Mary A. Kaiser". Chromatography Forum of Delaware Valley. 2007. Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 1 ... Kaiser was an active member of the American Chemical Society, the Chromatography Forum of the Delaware Valley, the Eastern ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Kaiser

Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. (E,E) 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, 9-Octadecenoic acid(Z)-,methyl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_halophila_var._sogdiana

... gas chromatography - mass spectrometry; ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry; CO, carbon monoxide, VOC, ... In physics, a vapor is a substance in the gas phase whereas an aerosol is a suspension of tiny particles of liquid, solid or ... Abbreviations: TSNA, tobacco specific nitrosoamines; LC-MS, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; MAO-A and B, ... high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-multi-mode ionization-mass spectrometry. ∗Abbreviations: <-- art. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition_of_electronic_cigarette_aerosol

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) Liquid chromatography-infrared ... I. Capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry". Journal of Chromatography A. 976 (1-2): 229-38. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(02) ... For example, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, LC-MS, GC-IR, LC-NMR, LC-IR, CE-MS, ICP-MS, and so on. Hyphenated separation ... Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry". Journal of Chromatography A. 976 (1-2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_chemistry

Diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism using filter paper urine, urease treatment, isotope dilution and gas chromatography- ... which is then air-dried and sent to the laboratory for analysis using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument ("GC-MS ... Gas Chromatography, Elsevier 2012". Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) "Kuhara, 2001. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metascreen

Halitosis Electronic nose gas chromatography Rosenberg, M.; Kulkarni, G. V.; Bosy, A.; McCulloch, C. A. (November 1991). " ... two gases which were previously shown to be associated with bad breath using gas chromatograph by Dr. Joseph Tonzetich in the ... The small size, simplicity of use, and price (relative to gas chromatograph) of the Halimeter made it popular among dentists ... Tangerman, A; Winkel, EG (Mar 2008). "The portable gas chromatograph OralChroma™: a method of choice to detect oral and extra- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halimeter

"Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Information , Thermo Fisher Scientific - US". www.thermofisher.com. Retrieved 2018 ... in 1971 after they demonstrated that gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) could be used to measure compounds present in ... Gates SC, Sweeley CC (October 1978). "Quantitative metabolic profiling based on gas chromatography". Clinical Chemistry. 24 (10 ... In 1995 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry metabolomics experiments were performed by Gary Siuzdak while working with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolomics

... s can be seen during gas pipeline blowdowns because the gas is under high pressure and exits the blowdown valve at ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Niessen, Wilfried M. A. (1999). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 79. CRC Press ... The jets travel at supersonic speed through a thin "atmosphere" of gas in space, so it is hypothesized that these knots are ... The higher ambient pressure compresses the flow, and since the resulting pressure increase in the exhaust gas stream is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_diamond

and ion microscopy (SIMS) but not gas chromatography. This definition also appears in some mass spectrometry texts. There are ... the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006-) "resolution in gas chromatography". doi:10.1351/goldbook.R05317 ... A high value for resolution corresponding to good separation of peaks is similar to the convention used with chromatography ... Blumberg LM, Kle MS (November 2001). "Metrics of separation in chromatography". J Chromatogr A. 933 (1-2): 1-11. doi:10.1016/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolution_(mass_spectrometry)

In liquid chromatography, the eluent is the liquid solvent; in gas chromatography, it is the carrier gas. The eluate is the ... Chromatography Desorption Gradient elution in high performance liquid chromatography Leaching "IUPAC Gold Book: eluent". ... In a liquid chromatography experiment, for example, an analyte is generally adsorbed, or "bound to", an adsorbent in a liquid ... For instance, a mixture of amino acids may be separated by ion-exchange chromatography. Under a particular set of conditions, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elution

The compound was isolated by preparative gas chromatography. Prismane C8, a C8 allotrope of carbon Cubane Nomenclature of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prismane

... adsorbent for gas and liquid adsorption chromatography (adsorption); for ion-exchange and sediment-sorption chromatography in ... for drying of gases (deep dehydration to dew points of -60 °C and below); the preservation of instruments and equipment, and ... for vapor recovery of hydrogen fluoride from gases of super phosphate and electrolysis) for brightening solutions in sugar ... aqueous solution (ion exchange and precipitation); as an inert carrier during liquid-distribution chromatography) Desiccant ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium_oxide_nanoparticle

Gas chromatography: Detectors Lanny D. Schmidt Worthy, Sharon. Bio-Medicine: Connecticut chemist receives award for cleaner air ... the destruction of pollutant gases in the exhaust. Catalytic combustion was developed by Norb Ruff in the 1950s. He founded ... especially pollutant nitrogen oxide gases (NOx) far below what can be achieved without catalysts. The process was discovered in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_combustion

Akbar, Muhammad; Restaino, Michael; Agah, Masoud (2015). "Chip-scale gas chromatography: From injection through detection". ... The first LOC analysis system was a gas chromatograph, developed in 1979 by S.C. Terry at Stanford University. However, only at ... Terry J.H.Jerman (1979). "A Gas Chromatographic Air Analyzer Fabricated on a Silicon Wafer". IEEE Trans. Electron Devices. 26 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lab-on-a-chip

... derivatives are amenable to analysis by gas chromatography. From carboxylic acids[edit]. Modification of the Appel reaction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxazoline

In liquid chromatography, the eluent is the liquid solvent; in gas chromatography, it is the carrier gas.[1] ... In a liquid chromatography experiment, for example, an analyte is generally adsorbed, or "bound to", an adsorbent in a liquid ... For instance, a mixture of amino acids may be separated by ion-exchange chromatography. Under a particular set of conditions, ... Brown, Phillis (2001). Advances in chromatography. CRC Press. p. 36. ISBN 0-8247-0509-2. .. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eluant

... chromatography, thermal analysis, electron microscope analysis, etc. Structure is studied at various levels, as detailed below ... is used for underground gas and water pipes, and another variety called ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is an ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science

Betz JM, White KD, der Marderosian AH (1995). "Gas chromatographic determination of yohimbine in commercial yohimbe products". ... "Profiling the indole alkaloids in yohimbe bark with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility ... "A validated high performance thin layer chromatography method for determination of yohimbine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yohimbine

"Identification of phenolic compounds from Scutellaria lateriflora by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet photodiode array ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scutellaria

... place of business or place of public gathering any tear gas, mustard gas, phosgene gas or other noxious or nauseating gases or ... High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used to measure the amount of capsaicin and major capsaicinoids within pepper ... Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene and other gases". law.lis.virginia.gov. Retrieved 2018-06-29.. ... Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene and other gases. "If any person maliciously release or cause or procure to be released in any ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepper_spray

The inert gases, later called the noble gases were discovered by William Ramsay in collaboration with Lord Rayleigh at the end ... They can be analyzed using the tools of chemical analysis, e.g. spectroscopy and chromatography. Scientists engaged in chemical ... The "inert" or noble gas elements (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon) are composed of lone atoms as their smallest ... Matter can be studied in solid, liquid, gas and plasma states, in isolation or in combination. The interactions, reactions and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry?utm_source=Copy of December 2012&utm_campaign=October Newsletter&utm_medium=archive

Affinity Chromatography»։ Sigma-Aldrich։ Արխիվացված օրիգինալից 2016-05-07-ին *↑ «HiTrap Heparin HP»։ GE Healthcare Life ... Higgins, C. (October 2007)։ «The use of heparin in preparing samples for blood-gas analysis»։ Medical Laboratory Observer ... Purification of retrovirus particles using heparin affinity chromatography։ Methods Mol Biol 434 (434)։ 2008։ էջեր 1-11։ ISBN ... Fractionation of proteins by heparin chromatography։ Methods Mol Biol։ Methods in Molecular Biology™ 424։ 2008։ էջեր 213-21։ ...

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By running an affinity chromatography, B-Galactosidase can be isolated and tested by reacting collected samples with ONPG and ... or gases. Although many biochemicals are colored, as in, they absorb visible light and therefore can be measured by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrophotometry

2014). Identification of indigoid compounds present in archaeological Maya blue by pyrolysis-silylation-gas chromatography-mass ...

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MDPV may be quantified in blood, plasma or urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-mass ... by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry". Rapid ... Products labeled as bath salts containing MDPV were previously sold as recreational drugs in gas stations and convenience ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylenedioxypyrovalerone

Affinity chromatography. Column chromatography. Displacement chromatography. Electrochromatography. Gas chromatography. High- ... Paper chromatography. Reversed-phase chromatography. Size-exclusion chromatography. Thin-layer chromatography. Two-dimensional ... performance liquid chromatography. Capillary electrochromatography. Ion chromatography. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography ... chromatography. Van Deemter equation. Chapter 3. Fundamental Spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy. Rayleigh scattering. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Plbrown123/Books/Atoms,_Ions,_Bonds,_Molecules,_Electronic,_and_Chemical_Analysis

Acids, alcohols and gases are usually detected in these tests when bacteria are grown in selective liquid or solid media, as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_microbiology

... in plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.[49] ... Volume of gases produced: 790 dm3/kg (other value: 768 dm3/kg) ... These drugs work by releasing the signaling gas nitric oxide in the body. The heart medicine Lentonitrat is nearly pure PETN.[ ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentaerythritol_tetranitrate

... molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases"[31] ... "for their invention of partition chromatography"[44] رچرڈ لاورنس ملنگٹن سنجی برطانیہ ...

https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/کیمیاء_میں_نوبیل_انعام_وصول_کنندگان_کی_فہرست

He has invented a family of ionisation detectors for gas chromatography. His electron capture detectors are the most sensitive ... In a follow up interview Lovelock stated his support for natural gas; he now favors fracking as a low-polluting alternative to ... As phytoplankton and forests are the main ways in which Gaia draws down greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, taking ... He has many inventions, including a gas chromatograph, which will be used to investigate planetary atmospheres. His ...

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... high levels of GHB but this can be difficult to measure since GHB has high volatility and may be obscured on gas chromatography ... Journal of Chromatography B. 792 (1): 99-106. doi:10.1016/S1570-0232(03)00276-9. ISSN 1570-0232. PMID 12829002.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-hydroxybutyric_aciduria

The yellow-green ytterbium(II) ion is a very strong reducing agent and decomposes water, releasing hydrogen gas, and thus only ... "Optimization of Separation of Ytterbium and Lutetium by Displacement Complexing Chromatography". Russian Journal of Applied ... Ytterbium dissolves slowly in water, but quickly in acids, liberating hydrogen gas.[8] ...

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Various types of chromatography are then used to isolate the protein or proteins of interest based on properties such as ... they are fermented producing hydrogen sulfide gas, indole, and skatole.[76] Dogs and cats digest animal proteins better than ... As a result, when the lysate is passed over a chromatography column containing nickel, the histidine residues ligate the nickel ... and chromatography; the advent of genetic engineering has made possible a number of methods to facilitate purification. Methods ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_synthesis

Anfinsen Chromatography Chromite Chromium Chrysoberyl Chrysolite cinnabar Cinnabarite Citric acid Citrine quartz Clay Cleveite ... g-block Gabbro Gadolinite Gadolinium Galena gallium Gallium arsenide Garnet gas gaseous Gedanite Geometric isomerism Geoffrey ... Nitric acid Nitric oxide nitrogen Nitrogen dioxide Nitroglycerine Nitrous oxide Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobelium Noble gas ... Emil Fischer Hermann Staudinger heterocyclic compound Hexane Hiddenite Hideki Shirakawa High performance liquid chromatography ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_chemistry_articles

Sol-Gel Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Coatings for Capillary Microextraction and Gas Chromatography". Anal. Chem. 79 (24): 9441-9451 ... the silica stationary phase in some gas chromatography columns can be replaced by GeO2.[73] ... 3) were found to be less hazardous and may be used as a liquid substitute for toxic germane gas in semiconductor applications. ... For example, germanium chloride and germane (GeH4) are a liquid and gas, respectively, that can be very irritating to the eyes ...

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... molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases"[38] ... "for their invention of partition chromatography"[51] Richard Laurence Millington Synge United Kingdom ...

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Products labeled as bath salts containing MDPV were previously sold as recreational drugs in gas stations and convenience ... Commonly used tests include chromatography, immunologic assay, and mass spectrometry.[129] See also[edit]. *Antipsychotics ...

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"Analysis of benzodiazepine derivative mixture by gas-liquid chromatography". Medicina (Kaunas) 38 (3): 316-20. PMID 12474705. ...

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Jellium, uniform electron gas, homogeneous electron gas. *Jet (particle physics). *Jet quenching ... Chromatography detector. *Chromo-Weibel instability. *Classical-map hypernetted-chain method. *Cnoidal wave ...

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... both based on liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC/MS) detection after hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography ( ... Hot ammonia gas is also present to fluidize the bed and inhibit deammonization. The effluent then is cooled. Ammonia and carbon ... The above reaction can be carried out by either of two methods: catalyzed gas-phase production or high pressure liquid-phase ... The off-gas contains large amounts of ammonia. Therefore, melamine production is often integrated into urea production, which ...

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A paper chromatography sheet showing that one wine still has some level of malic present while the other three wines have ... Like primary alcoholic fermentation, this phenomenon would release carbon dioxide gas and seem to have a profound change on the ... The paper chromatography method involves using capillary tubes to add small samples of the wine to chromatograph paper. The ... A significant limitation to paper chromatography is that it will not show exactly how much malic is still remaining in the wine ...

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Desiccation, desulphurization and purification of petroleum gas and natural gas 13X-AS. 10. 0.55-0.65. 23-24. 0.3-0.5. ... Some molecular sieves are used in chromatography, a separation technique that sorts molecules based on their size. Other ... For example, in the liquid natural gas (LNG) industry, the water content of the gas needs to be reduced to less than 1 ppmv to ... 5Å molecular sieves are used to dry natural gas, along with performing desulfurization and decarbonation of the gas. They can ...

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Electron ionization (EI) is a type of mass spectrometer ion source in which a beam of electrons interacts with a gas phase ... Journal of Chromatography A. 1217 (25): 3908-3921. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2010.02.049. ISSN 0021-9673.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_spectrum_analysis

"Analysis of loline alkaloids in endophyte-infected tall fescue by capillary gas chromatography". Journal of Agricultural and ...

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Gas chromatography is also sometimes known as vapor-phase chromatography (VPC), or gas-liquid partition chromatography (GLPC). ... chromatography, is therefore credited for the foundation of gas chromatography. The popularity of gas chromatography quickly ... Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds ... and passing the gas through a stationary phase. The mobile phase is usually an inert gas or an unreactive gas such as helium, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_chromatography

Inverse gas chromatography or IGC is a highly sensitive and versatile gas phase technique developed over 40 years ago to study ... Inverse gas chromatography is a physical characterization analytical technique that is used in the analysis of the surfaces of ... E. Cremer and H. Huber, in Gas Chromatography., ed. N. Brenner, et al., Academic Press, New York (1962) p 169. P.P. Yla- ... J. Condor and C. Young, Physicochemical measurement by gas chromatography, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK (1979) F. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_gas_chromatography

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is an analytical method that combines the features of gas-chromatography and mass ... Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. References[edit]. *^ O. David Sparkman; Zelda Penton; Fulton G. Kitson (17 May ... Niessen, W. M. A. (2001). Current practice of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. New York, N.Y: Marcel Dekker. ISBN 978-0- ... The first on-line coupling of gas chromatography to a mass spectrometer was reported in 1959.[2][3][4] The development of ...

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... 14 - 18 October 2019, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom ... Independent experts providing training and consultancy in the analytical science fields of Gas Chromatography, Liquid ... This 5-day course provides a complete training solution enabling you to understand your Gas Chromatograph or GC-MS instrument, ... This course provides the essential and practical theory about all available GC & GC-MS techniques, covering gases and plumbing ...

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A new study presented at the 254th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS), suggests that avocado seed husks contain a treasure of unidentified chemical compounds which has the potential to be used in treating various debilitating diseases such as, cancer and heart diseases, as well as in enhancing perfumes, cosmetics and other consumer goods.. ...

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... chromatography: Gas chromatography: This technique is termed temperature-programmed gas chromatography. ... Other articles where Temperature-programmed gas chromatography is discussed: ... In chromatography: Gas chromatography. This technique is termed temperature-programmed gas chromatography. ... Temperature-programmed gas chromatography. chemistry. THIS IS A DIRECTORY PAGE. Britannica does not currently have an article ...

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Gas Chromatography Market by Instrument (Systems, Detectors), Accessories and Consumables (Columns,... ... In 2016, the oil and gas industry segment commanded the largest share of the global Gas Chromatography Market. The large share ... Browse 86 market data Tables and 31 Figures spread through 167 Pages and in-depth TOC on Gas Chromatography Market ... gas generators, and other accessories. The columns segment accounted for the largest share of the global Gas Chromatography ...

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Ultra-fast gas chromatography means analysis cycle times are decreasing so the time to prepare the samples to be analysed is ... Phenomenex opens gas chromatography facility 01-Jun-2017. By Joseph James Whitworth ... SCION Instruments has set its sights on tailoring the capabilities of gas chromatography systems to meet specific analytical ... SepSolve Analytical claims its flow modulator for routine two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) analyses will broaden ...

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Improve gas quality and optimize GC analysis with easy-to-use Thermo Scientific™ Super Clean™ Gas Cartridge Filters. ... Thermo Scientific™ Click-On™ Inline Gas Filters Eliminate contamination from your gas source for optimal GC performance with ... Thermo Scientific™ Click-On™ Inline Gas Filter Connectors Use these quality end fittings o-rings, and other connectors for your ... Whatman™ HEPA-Vent Filters are ideal for air and gas filtration applications where high retention, dirt-holding capacity and ...

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... 19 February, 2019 You will be required to perform the following: Perform advanced ... Knowledge of gas chromatography applied to gas analysis and refined products is expected. Prior experience in hyphenated ... Perform advanced testing using gas chromatography techniques to characterize various oil and gas industrial samples in ... Your primary role is to participate in the chromatography lab in support of the gas and petroleum hydrocarbon characterization ...

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The drop exiting from the lower open end of the tube is instantaneously vaporized, and the carrier gas or eluting gas carries ... To 024w SAMPLE VAPORIZER FOR GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY This invention relates to gas chromatography, and particularly to an apparatus ... in a carrier gas stream wherein the liquid is flash vaporized and flushed by the carrier gas stream into a gas chromatography ... As is usual in the art of gas chromatography, small samples of liquids are utilized, usually 0.0001 to 1.0 milliliter (0.1 to ...

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... 31 January 2020, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom ... This 1-day course provides an introduction for complete beginners to gas chromatography and GC-MS, explaining the principles of ... Independent experts providing training and consultancy in the analytical science fields of Gas Chromatography, Liquid ... You will learn about the components of the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer, the purpose and prinicples of data ...

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Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a hybrid analytical technique that couples the separation capabilities of GC ... Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a hybrid analytical technique that couples the separation capabilities of GC ... 2019, February 26). Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Applications. News-Medical. Retrieved on December 15, 2019 ... Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Applications. News-Medical. https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Gas- ...

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Gas-liquid chromatography in diagnosis of pyogenic arthritis. Br Med J 1978; 2 :1402 ... Gas-liquid chromatography in diagnosis of pyogenic arthritis.. Br Med J 1978; 2 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.6149.1402 ( ...

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Journal of Chromatography A. The mass spectra of verrucarin J and the trimethylsilyl derivatives of verrucarin A, roridins A ... been obtained after sample introduction by gas chromatography (GC). This has been accomplished by the use of a short-length ...

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Get the latest gas chromatography system news , the worlds largest environmental industry marketplace and information resource ... "gas chromatography system ": chromatography news , chromatography system news , gas chromatography news , process gas ... In June, Anthias Consulting celebrates ten years of sharing expertise in Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass ... Empowering Gas Chromatography operations with the AGC TrendVision Chromatography Software The TrendVision software from AGC ...

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Tan Y. (2018) Analysis of Fatty Acids in Yersinia pestis by Gas Chromatography. In: Yang R. (eds) Yersinia Pestis Protocols. ... However, determining the cellular fatty acid (CFA) composition by gas chromatography (GC) could serve as an alternate method ... Samygin VM, Zykin LF, Stepanov VM, Stepin AA, Korsakova II (1994) A gas chromatographic analysis of the fatty acid composition ...

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Gas chromatography mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling in plants.. Lisec J1, Schauer N, Kopka J, Willmitzer L, Fernie ... Corrigendum: Gas chromatography mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling in plants. [Nat Protoc. 2015] ... Here we provide a detailed protocol for gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolite profiling that offers a ... being considerably more sensitive than NMR and more robust than liquid chromatography-linked mass spectrometry. We summarize ...

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1. A new method for the quantitative determination of glycerol entering into the composition of natural glycerophosphatides has been developed. 2. The method described has been used for the analysis...

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"Gas Chromatography Market". http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/gas-chromatography-market-101656773.html. Early ... The global gas chromatography market is dominated by North America, followed by Europe, Asia, and the Rest of the World (RoW). ... The gas chromatography market has seen an extraordinary amount of technological advancements in the last few years, as ... The market for gas chromatography instrumentation is segmented into systems, detectors, auto-samplers and fraction collectors. ...

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Waters Atmospheric Pressure Gas Chromatography (APGC). APGC - No Compromise GC-MS. Waters Atmospheric Pressure Gas ... Home , Products , Instruments & Systems , Mass Spectrometry , Ion Sources , Waters Atmospheric Pressure Gas Chromatography ( ... Food Safety Magazine Webinar: Improved Identification of Pesticides using Atmospheric Pressure Gas Chromatography ... The 2017/18 Waters Quality Parts, Chromatography Columns and Supplies Catalog is available! Download or order your copy today. ...

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introduces the new Hydrogen Sensor for the 7890B Gas Chromatography system, which helps GC users move away from costly helium. ... Hydrogen Sensor For Gas Chromatography. Agilent Technologies Inc. introduces the new Hydrogen Sensor for the 7890B Gas ... introduced the new Hydrogen Sensor for the 7890B Gas Chromatography system. The new sensor helps GC users move away from costly ... helium carrier gas by providing the additional level of security many organizations require in order to use hydrogen. The self- ...

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Get the latest capillary gas chromatography column news , the worlds largest environmental industry marketplace and ... "capillary gas chromatography column": chromatography news , gas chromatography news , chromatography column news , gas ... ASTM E697 - 96(2011) Standard Practice for Use of Electron-Capture Detectors in Gas Chromatography This practice describes the ... NYSE: A) today introduced the Agilent LTM Series II system for gas chromatography, the second generation of its proprietary low ...

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9780841237131 Our cheapest price for Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry The State of the Art is $35.12. Free shipping on all ... Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry The State of the Art. by Leland, Jane V.; Scheiberle, Peter; Buettner, Andrea; Acree, Terry E. ... The Identification of Aroma Compounds in Key Lime Oil Using Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry. ... Aroma of Roasted Sesame Oil: Characterization by Direct Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry and Sample Dilution ...

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the quantitative and qualitative analysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as well as sensorial assays are ... and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS HP-5890). Twenty volatile compounds were identified in the extracts among them ... Study of the violatile composition of tomato during storage by a combination sampling method coupled with gas chromatography/ ... PA) exposed for 30 min at 60 °C in the headspace of the vial was then immediately inserted into the injection port of the gas ...

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Benefits of 2-dimensional gas chromatography: 2-dimensional gas chromatography analysis (2D-GC) of middle distillates allows ... Middle distillates analysis with 2-dimensional gas chromatography.. 2-dimensional gas chromatography (GCXGC) analysis measures ... Products tested by GCXGC include diesel fuels (mineral diesel, light gas oil (LGO), medium gas oil (MGO), heavy gas oil (HGO), ... 2-dimensional gas chromatography analysis is available globally. Test samples can be easily shipped to the laboratory for ...

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Fast Gas Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants and Organophosphorus ... This article was made available online on March 16, 2017 as a Fast Track article with title: "Fast Gas Chromatography with ...

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Gas Chromatography: History, Methods and Applications focuses on the main applications of gas chromatography in clinical and ... Gas Chromatography: History, Methods and Applications. Percy Henrichon (Editor). Series: Analytical Chemistry and ... Chapter 4. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Sugarcane Vinasse. (Mohamed A.Fagier and Mona O.Abdalrhman, ... The authors go on to investigated the analysis of gaseous or volatile substances using sensor gas chromatography equipped with ...

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Analysis of aromatic compounds in the New Zealand manuka honey was carried out by solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (hindawi.com)

German physical chemist Erika Cremer in 1947 together with Austrian graduate student Fritz Prior developed the theoretical foundations of GC and built the first liquid-gas chromatograph, but her work was deemed irrelevant and was ignored for a long time. (wikipedia.org)
A gas chromatograph is a chemical analysis instrument for separating chemicals in a complex sample. (wikipedia.org)
The insides of the GC-MS, with the column of the gas chromatograph in the oven on the right. (wikipedia.org)
The GC-MS is composed of two major building blocks: the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer . (wikipedia.org)
The gas chromatograph utilizes a capillary column which depends on the column's dimensions (length, diameter, film thickness) as well as the phase properties (e.g. 5% phenyl polysiloxane). (wikipedia.org)
Combining the two processes reduces the possibility of error, as it is extremely unlikely that two different molecules will behave in the same way in both a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer. (wikipedia.org)
This 5-day course provides a complete training solution enabling you to understand your Gas Chromatograph or GC-MS instrument, develop applications, troubleshoot & maintain it. (rsc.org)
Ellutia has launched the 500 Series gas chromatograph at Pittcon. (foodnavigator.com)
You will learn about the components of the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer, the purpose and prinicples of data analysis and the different sampling techniques that can be used. (rsc.org)
A HewlettPackard 5890 Series II gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector (FID) coupled to 5972 MSD quadrupole mass spectrometer was used. (scribd.com)
A gas chromatograph (GC) is an analytical instrument that measures the content of various components in a sample. (shimadzu.com)
The analysis performed by a gas chromatograph is called gas chromatography. (shimadzu.com)
Watch to learn about the benefits and features of the Thermo Scientific TRACE 1300 Series Gas Chromatograph. (thermofisher.com)
Subsequent acrylamide determination was made by gas chromatography with electron capture detection using a Traco 560 gas chromatograph with a constant/current pulse/modulated Ni63 electron capture detector and a Hall 700-A electrolytic conductivity detector. (cdc.gov)
The heart of the system was an HNU Systems model 301 gas chromatograph fitted with a flame ionization detector (FID) or electron capture detector (ECD). (cdc.gov)
SIS supplies products for your gas chromatograph. (sisweb.com)
It maximizes throughput with the fastest injection-to-injection time of any conventional gas chromatograph. (selectscience.net)
The leachate samples were analyzed on an Agilent Technologies 6890N Gas Chromatograph with electron capture in a# AB002 Column 30.0 m × 250 μm × 0.25 μm calibrated, 25 psi pressure, flow 2.9 ml/min, temperature 25 ° C, ultra-high purity Helium as the entrainment gas and an elution time of 50 min. (scirp.org)

Possibilities for further application of gas chromatography in the analysis of xenon compounds and in the determination of certain physicochemical parameters are pointed out. (srce.hr)

McNair, Harold M. is the author of 'Basic Gas Chromatography', published 2009 under ISBN 9780470439548 and ISBN 0470439548. (valorebooks.com)
Since the publication of the highly successful first edition of Basic Gas Chromatography , the practice of chromatography has undergone several notable developments. (barnesandnoble.com)
Basic Gas Chromatography, Second Edition covers the latest in the field, giving readers the most up-to-date guide available, while maintaining the first edition's practical, applied approach to the subject and its accessibility to a wide range of readers. (barnesandnoble.com)
Along with these new and updated topics, the references, resources, and Web sites in Basic Gas Chromatography have been revised to reflect the state of the field. (barnesandnoble.com)
Concise and fundamental in its coverage, Basic Gas Chromatography, Second Edition remains the standard handbook for everyone from undergraduates studying analytical chemistry to working industrial chemists. (barnesandnoble.com)

Like liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry , it allows analysis and detection even of tiny amounts of a substance. (wikipedia.org)
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a hybrid analytical technique that couples the separation capabilities of GC with the detection properties of MS to provide a higher efficiency of sample analyses. (news-medical.net)
GC-MS is ideal for the analysis of inorganic gases and aromatic solvents, detection of impurities and allergens in cosmetics. (news-medical.net)
Gas chromatography makes use of a wide variety of detection methods, which really shine when deployed properly. (chromatographyonline.com)
Evaluating the ability of gas chromatography-vacuum ultraviolet detection (GC-VUV) to distinguish and correctly identify various isomer and isotopologue forms of an analyte through the lens of spectral similarity. (chromatographyonline.com)
Gas Chromatography (GC) is an analytical separations technique composed of injection, pump, column and detection components. (selectscience.net)
Select analysis software, packed or capillary gas chromatography columns, flame ionization (FID), photoionization (PID), TCD or ECD detection methods and selective or non-selective detectors. (selectscience.net)
vaporizing the species of interest, and delivering the species to the gas chromatography column to effect separation thereof for detection and recordation. (patentgenius.com)
Medina-Armenta, L. , Cruz-Jiménez, G. , Teutli-León, M. , de la Rosa, L. and Feria-Reyes, R. (2017) Pesticides Recovery and Detection from Agricultural Soil Leachates Using Gas Chromatography Masses with Electron Capture Detector. (scirp.org)
Chemical detection systems based on chemo-resistive sensors usually include a gas chamber to control the sample air flow and to minimize turbulence. (mdpi.com)

Apparatus and method for on-line coupled liquid chromatography and gas chromatography analysis includes a retention gap which allows injection of a substantial volume of sample-carrying eluent and concentrates bands, obviating adverse effects on the resolution or peak shape of the components of interest. (patentgenius.com)

The report "Gas Chromatography Market by Instrumentation (Systems, Detectors, Autosamplers, Fraction collectors), by Consumables & Accessories (Columns, Fittings & Tubings, Flow Management), by Reagents (Analytical, Preparative) - Analysis & Global forecast to 2019" , this report studies the global gas chromatography market over the forecast period of 2014 to 2019. (pitchengine.com)
The market for gas chromatography instrumentation is segmented into systems, detectors, auto-samplers and fraction collectors. (pitchengine.com)
10. Detectors for Gas Chromatography. (elsevier.com)

Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., the world leader in serving science, has announced that it will host an informative seminar on the latest advances and applications for its vast range of gas chromatographic products for the environmental laboratory, culminating with the TSQ Quantum GC. (environmental-expert.com)

The columns segment accounted for the largest share of the global Gas Chromatography Market in 2016. (prnewswire.com)
The large share of this segment can primarily be attributed to factors such as the availability of improved gas chromatography columns for the petroleum industry and the discovery of new oil fields. (prnewswire.com)
Phenomenex has opened a manufacturing and development facility to produce its gas chromatography (GC) columns. (foodnavigator.com)
Agilent Technologies has introduced InfinityLab - a product family of liquid chromatography instruments, columns and supplies - at Analytica 2016 in Munich. (foodnavigator.com)
Phenomenex Inc., a global leader in the research and manufacture of advanced technologies for the separation sciences, announces the opening of a new manufacturing and development facility dedicated to the company's gas chromatography (GC) columns, marketed under the Zebron™ brand name. (environmental-expert.com)
The 2017/18 Waters Quality Parts, Chromatography Columns and Supplies Catalog is available! (waters.com)
Access the latest version of our Chromatography Columns and Consumables Catalog to ensure that you're optimizing your applications! (thermofisher.com)
Flow of Gases through Chromatographic Columns. (elsevier.com)
Embodiments of injections valve are described for providing inputs into several gas chromatography columns. (patentgenius.com)
In addition, a gas chromatography system is described in which multiple columns are used which are time multiplexed with a single detector to produce a complex combined chromatogram from the plural columns. (patentgenius.com)
2. A gas chromatography injection valve according to claim 1 wherein said housing defines two or more of said outlet ports with each of said outlet ports communicating with separate analytical separation columns. (patentgenius.com)

This residue was then analyzed using pyrolysis-comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (sae.org)
Harvath, P., Reidy, S., and Byer, J., "Identification of Organic Acids in Used Engine Oil Residues by Pyrolysis-Comprehensive 2D Gas Chromatography-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry," SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-2274, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-2274 . (sae.org)
Quantify and screen samples with a single injection using LECO Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC×GC TOFMS). (leco.com)

The systems segment accounted for the largest share of the global Gas Chromatography Market in 2016. (prnewswire.com)
In 2016, the oil and gas industry segment commanded the largest share of the global Gas Chromatography Market. (prnewswire.com)
The global gas chromatography market is dominated by North America, followed by Europe, Asia, and the Rest of the World (RoW). (pitchengine.com)

Growth in this market can be attributed to the increasing crude & shale oil production, increasing importance of waste water treatment, rising adoption of GC-MS, initiatives to reduce environmental pollution levels, growing food safety concerns, and increased importance of chromatography in drug testing. (prnewswire.com)
Increased importance of chromatography in drug approvals is likely to drive the growth of this market. (pitchengine.com)

Inverse gas chromatography is a physical characterization analytical technique that is used in the analysis of the surfaces of solids. (wikipedia.org)
Independent experts providing training and consultancy in the analytical science fields of Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Physical & Structural Properties of Molecules, Thermal Analysis and all their related techniques. (rsc.org)
Ultra-fast gas chromatography means analysis cycle times are decreasing so the time to prepare the samples to be analysed is becoming the limiting factor, according to an instrument provider. (foodnavigator.com)
Improve gas quality and optimize GC analysis with easy-to-use Thermo Scientific™ Super Clean™ Gas Cartridge Filters. (fishersci.com)
Knowledge of gas chromatography applied to gas analysis and refined products is expected. (rigzone.com)
Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry is a widely used technique for the analysis and quantification of organic compounds. (uclouvain.be)
Agilent Technologies Inc. (NYSE: A) today introduced a headspace instrument for gas chromatography (GC) sample analysis, the 7697A Headspace Sampler. (environmental-expert.com)
Samygin VM, Zykin LF, Stepanov VM, Stepin AA, Korsakova II (1994) A gas chromatographic analysis of the fatty acid composition of Yersinia pestis . (springer.com)
Chromatography has evolved over the years and become a method of choice for analysis, identification, and purification of a wide variety of compounds. (pitchengine.com)
Shimadzu Corporation, a leading manufacturer of analytical and medical instruments, announces the release of a trace moisture analysis system utilizing a gas chromatography method. (environmental-expert.com)
Middle distillates analysis with 2-dimensional gas chromatography. (intertek.com)
2-dimensional gas chromatography (GCXGC) analysis measures the hydrocarbon composition of middle distillates. (intertek.com)
2-dimensional gas chromatography analysis (2D-GC) of middle distillates allows refineries to better control reactions in different sections of facilities during the refining process. (intertek.com)
2-dimensional gas chromatography analysis is available globally. (intertek.com)
Fast Gas Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of. (ingentaconnect.com)
A form of normal phase chromatography that is used for the analysis and purification of low to moderate molecular weight, thermally labile molecules. (contractpharma.com)
11. Qualitative Analysis by Gas Chromatography. (elsevier.com)
13. Quantitative Analysis by Gas Chromatography. (elsevier.com)
Here is an invaluable new book on quantitative gas chromatography which explains how the method can - or should - be used for accurate and precise analysis. (elsevier.com)
Gas chromatography is firmly established as one of the few major methods for the quantitative analysis of complex mixtures. (elsevier.com)
This book provides a complete discussion of all the problems involved in the achievement of quantitative analysis by gas chromatography, whether in the research laboratory, in the routine analysis laboratory or in process control. (elsevier.com)
Our portfolio of gas analysis applications is broad, deep, and can provide you with the information you need to meet your specific lab requirements. (perkinelmer.com)
Analysis of complex mixtures of vapors in ambient air by fast-gas chromatography. (cdc.gov)
Analysis tools like SWOT analysis and Porter's five force model have been provided to present a perfect in-depth knowledge about gas chromatography detector market. (benzinga.com)
The book begins by covering the basic principles of both gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) to the extent necessary to understand and deal with the data generated in a GC-MS analysis. (researchandmarkets.com)
This study describes the analysis of fragranced washing detergent and washing powder using probe-based headspace and immersive sorptive extraction, in conjunction with analysis by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). As well as discussing the differences between the two samples, the analyte ranges covered by headspace and immersive sampling are compared. (chromatographyonline.com)
Identification of 18 mycobacterial species was performed by analysis of profiles obtained by using gas-liquid chromatography. (asm.org)
Along this thesis were presented several application of Bayesian statistics in gas-chromatographic data analysis. (uva.nl)
Quality control monitoring analysis and original pattern recognition studies involving coupled chromatography were presented in this thesis. (bl.uk)
From drug discovery and pharmaceutical development to food safety and environmental analysis, Phenomenex chromatography solutions accelerate science and help researchers improve global health and wellbeing. (marketwired.com)
A gas-liquid chromatographic procedure was developed for the analysis of the essential amino acids for man using the N-trifluoroacetyl methyl ester derivative. (dtic.mil)
While the focus of this research is on respiratory gas analysis," Behbehani said. (nanowerk.com)
Analytical Chemistry, "Theoretical Aspects and Practical Potentials of Rapids Gas Analysis in Capillary Gas Chromatography", Apr. (patentgenius.com)
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine in biologic materials was carried out by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. (unboundmedicine.com)
VL - 96 IS - 2 N2 - Qualitative and quantitative analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine in biologic materials was carried out by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. (unboundmedicine.com)

Germany is the leading market for gas chromatography systems in Europe, projected to grow at CAGR of 5.4% during the period from 2013 to 2018. (pitchengine.com)

The drop exiting from the lower open end of the tube is instantaneously vaporized, and the carrier gas or eluting gas carries the vaporized sample out of the bore and toward a chromatographic column. (google.com)
More particularly, the invention pertains to a device for delivering a reproducible calibrated volume of a liquid sample into a carrier gas stream wherein the liquid is flash vaporized and flushed by the carrier gas stream into a gas chromatographic apparatus. (google.com)
The vaporized sample is of course swept by the carrier gas (eluting gas) from the evaporation point or point of vaporization to the chromatographic column. (google.com)
A still further object is to provide novel apparatus satisfactory for precise automatic sampling of a liquid process stream containing high boiling and reactive materials, flash vaporization of the sample, and flushing such vaporized sample into a gas chromatographic apparatus. (google.com)
The sample is injected into the GC inlet where it is vaporized and eluted on a chromatographic column by the carrier gas, generally helium. (uclouvain.be)
The gas chromatography market has seen an extraordinary amount of technological advancements in the last few years, as companies have introduced new systems that perform chromatographic procedures in a lesser amount of time and provide more detailed results. (pitchengine.com)
Gas Chromatographic Instrumentation. (elsevier.com)
Capillary gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric methods were employed for profiling total fatty acid content of human erythrocyte membranes. (nih.gov)
By using gas-liquid chromatographic profiles alone, 58% of specimens were correctly identified to species level, and an additional 41% were correctly identified to a group of two or three organisms. (asm.org)
A commercially available, computer-assisted microbial identification system (MIS) employs gas-liquid chromatographic analyses of bacterial fatty acids. (asm.org)
ISO 22854:2008 specifies the gas chromatographic (GC) method for the determination of saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons in automotive motor gasoline. (iso.org)
The procedure requires 2-1/2 hours for preparation of the sample and gas chromatographic resolution of all the common protein amino acids. (dtic.mil)

It produces high resolution chromatography in a very reliable manner. (phenomenex.com)
On-Line Multidimensional Chromatography Using Packed Capillary Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Gas Chromatography," J. of High Resolution Chromatography & Chromatography Communications, (1985), vol. 8, 469-474. (patentgenius.com)

The glass or metal column through which the gas phase passes is located in an oven where the temperature of the gas can be controlled and the eluent coming off the column is monitored by a computerized detector. (wikipedia.org)
The popularity of gas chromatography quickly rose after the development of the flame ionization detector. (wikipedia.org)
The mass spectrometry process normally requires a very pure sample while gas chromatography using a traditional detector (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
The Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD) is commonly used in Gas Chromatography because it detects almost all organic and inorganic compounds unlike FID. (uclouvain.be)
There is a stable flow of heat from the filament to the body of the detector when the carrier gas passes alone. (uclouvain.be)
SupraSolv™ ECD and FID is specially developed for gas chromatography in combination with ECD (Electron Capture Detetor) and FID (Flame Ionization detector). (fishersci.com)
New York City, NY: June 30, 2020 - Published via (Wired Release) -Recent Research and Future Market Potential of Gas Chromatography Detector Market in Global Industry. (benzinga.com)
The prime objective of the report is to offer updates and information related to future opportunities in the global gas chromatography detector market witness robust expansion throughout the forecast period 2020-2029. (benzinga.com)
This report is exhaustive quantitative analyses of the gas chromatography detector industry and provides data for making strategies to increase market growth and effectiveness. (benzinga.com)
According to this latest publication from Market.us Research, Gas Chromatography Detector are used in applications across diverse industry verticals. (benzinga.com)
The growing reluctance towards the usage of gas chromatography detector in Biotechnological & Pharmaceutical Industries, Food & Beverage Industries, Academic Research institutes, Hospitals/Clinics, Cosmetics Industries will have a huge impact on market growth. (benzinga.com)
The report encompasses several factors that have contributed to the growth of the gas chromatography detector market in recent years. (benzinga.com)
Among all factors, the increasing number of Biotechnological & Pharmaceutical Industries for gas chromatography detector will have a positive impact on the growth of the market. (benzinga.com)
In a bid to establishing a stronghold in the market, several companies are looking to acquire long term Biotechnological & Pharmaceutical Industries to enhance their market share in the gas chromatography detector market. (benzinga.com)
Environics Gas Mixers, Dilutors and Dividers have been the used in laboratories for over twenty years for applications including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), GC with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) , and GC with thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD). (environics.com)
The air is a perfect method for generating zero reference calibration gas, ultra-pure combustion air for flame ionization detector, service air for pneumatically operated valves, hydrocarbon free chromatography use and general laboratory use. (environics.com)

Fast gas chromatography (GC) as a method of separating and analyzing complex mixtures of organic vapors in ambient air was evaluated. (cdc.gov)

SepSolve Analytical claims its flow modulator for routine two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) analyses will broaden uptake of the technique. (foodnavigator.com)
Shimadzu Scientific Instruments' new Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography system (MDGC) expands the capabilities of chemists who perform target compound analyses in complex sample matrices, including natural product extracts, food and flavor components, and biological extracts. (environmental-expert.com)
2-Dimensional gas chromatography provides a greater amount of information about the composition of middle distillates when compared to conventional gas chromatography. (intertek.com)
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) offers significant improvement for volatile chemical separation. (chromatographyonline.com)
This review deals with overview of methods of multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC), the classical meaning- conventional heart-cut MDGC, and the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC). (degruyter.com)
MDGC is widely used because it increases required separation efficiency, which cannot be achieved by one-dimensional gas chromatography. (degruyter.com)

Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. (wikipedia.org)
In preparative chromatography, GC can be used to prepare pure compounds from a mixture. (wikipedia.org)
Gas chromatography is the process of separating compounds in a mixture by injecting a gaseous or liquid sample into a mobile phase, typically called the carrier gas, and passing the gas through a stationary phase. (wikipedia.org)
The sample flows through the column and the compounds of the mixture of interest are separated thanks to their relative interaction with the stationary phase (coating of the column) and the mobile phase (carrier gas). (uclouvain.be)
The volatile compounds in Roselle extract and dried samples were performed using needles of solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS HP-5890). (scribd.com)
I have done research on food sterilization with active oxygen, stable standards for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, the determination of metals by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and the determination of volatile organic compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry US EPA indoor radon. (forensisgroup.com)
Replacing one of these dimensions with a two-column ensemble (for example, 1D1 + 1D2 for the 1D column), provided with a pressure tuning makeup gas between them, varies the relative retentions of compounds before the modulation step according to the junction pressure. (chromatographyonline.com)
A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds. (harvard.edu)
Gas Chromatography of Volatile Xenon Compounds. (srce.hr)
1969). 'Gas Chromatography of Volatile Xenon Compounds. (srce.hr)
Zado FM, Fabečić J, Žemva B, Slivnik J. Gas Chromatography of Volatile Xenon Compounds. (srce.hr)
A library of 139,963 chemical compounds analyzed by gas chromatography, including 447,285 GC method and retention index citations from literature. (sisweb.com)
ISO 17052:2007 specifies a method for the determination of residual monomers and other volatile low-molecular-mass compounds in raw rubber by capillary column gas chromatography using a thermal desorption (also known as dynamic headspace) method. (iso.org)

Hydrocarbon Group-Type Analyses by On-Line Multi-Dimensional Chromatography," J. of Chromatography, 279 (1983), 139-144. (patentgenius.com)

We are seeking a Hydrocarbon Gas Chromatography Specialist to join the Technical Services Division of our Research & Development Center. (rigzone.com)
Your primary role is to participate in the chromatography lab in support of the gas and petroleum hydrocarbon characterization team, develop analytical methods, mentor young scientists, and interact with proponents to solve their analytical and operational challenges through the available resources. (rigzone.com)

Other parameters that can be used to alter the order or time of retention are the carrier gas flow rate, column length and the temperature. (wikipedia.org)
Measuring how the retention time changes as a function of probe molecule chemistry, probe molecule size, probe molecule concentration, column temperature, or carrier gas flow rate can elucidate a wide range of physico-chemical properties of the solid under investigation. (wikipedia.org)
Whatman™ HEPA-Vent Filters are ideal for air and gas filtration applications where high retention, dirt-holding capacity and flow rates are required. (fishersci.com)
The Thermodynamics of Retention in Gas Chromatography. (elsevier.com)
Record partial pressure & operate gas sampling valve to place sample onto column, record chromatogram, peak areas & peak retention times. (scribd.com)
K. Grob, Jr., "Band Broadening in Space" and the `Retention Gap` in Capillary Gas Chromatography, J. of Chromatography, 237 (1982), 15-23. (patentgenius.com)
Some Technical Aspects of the Preparation of a `Retention Gap` in Capillary Gas Chromatography," J. of Chromatography, 244 (1982), 185-196. (patentgenius.com)
The retention gap is used to simultaneously receive and vaporize liquid solvent in a manner highly suitable for purposes of gas chromatographically separating solutes of interest dispersed in the liquid chromatography solvent. (patentgenius.com)

Vidal, J. L. M., Liébanas, F. J. A., Rodríguez, M. J. G., Frenich, A. G. and Moreno, J. L. F. (2006), Validation of a gas chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry based method for the quantification of pesticides in food commodities. (wiley.com)

Determination of acrylamide in nerve tissue homogenates by electron-capture gas chromatography. (cdc.gov)
Covers the determination of chemical composition of natural gas and similar gaseous mixtures within list in table below. (scribd.com)
Determination of Trace Chlorinated Benzenes in Fuel Oil by On-Line Multidimensional Chromatography Using Packed-Capillary Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Gas Chromatography," J. of Chromatography, 349 (1985), 55-61. (patentgenius.com)
Inverse gas chromatography was successfully used for the determination of Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs), as well as other surface parameters. (witpress.com)

The global gas chromatography systems market is expected to grow at a CAGR of about 5.7% from 2013-2018, projected to reach $847.2 million by 2018. (pitchengine.com)
North America is the leading gas chromatography systems market, projected to grow with a CAGR of 5.8% from 2013 to 2018. (pitchengine.com)
The Asian gas chromatography systems market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6.1% to reach $192.3 million by 2018. (pitchengine.com)
A snapshot of key trends and developments in the chromatography sector according to selected panellists from companies who exhibited at Analytica 2018. (chromatographyonline.com)
Identification of TPO blooming products after environmental exposure by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) & gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry(GC-MS)," SAE Technical Paper 2018-36-0063, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-36-0063 . (sae.org)

For comparing the results from 2D-GC gas chromatography, standardized methods such as DIN EN 12916 (aromatic distribution in diesel fuels), ASTM D 2887 (simulated distillation), DIN EN 14078 (FAME-content) as well as DIN EN 14331 (methyl ester distribution in FAME-blends) can be consulted. (intertek.com)
These experts opine in cases that concern hair testing procedures , such as gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GCMS) , high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry, gas chromatography (GC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), and ultraviolent (UV) methods. (forensisgroup.com)
Five top tips for improving your gas chromatography (GC) methods. (chromatographyonline.com)

As the carrier gas transports the analyte molecules through the column, there is adsorption of the analyte molecules either onto the column walls or onto packing materials (stationary phase) in the column to give separation. (wikipedia.org)
The carrier gas then either sweeps the entirety (splitless mode) or a portion (split mode) of the sample into the column. (wikipedia.org)
During an IGC experiment a pulse or constant concentration of a known gas or vapor (probe molecule) is injected down the column at a fixed carrier gas flow rate. (wikipedia.org)
The drop exiting from the lower open end of the tube is instantaneously vaporized, and the carrier gas or eluting. (google.com)
The drop exiting from the of Search 0C, lower open end of the tube is instantaneously vapor- 23/230 232 253 219/273 ized, and the carrier gas or eluting gas carries the vaporized sample out of the bore and toward a chro- {561 kefereme Clled matographic column. (google.com)
A further object is to provide novel apparatus for the transfer of a calibrated volume from a liquid process stream to a position in a carrier gas stream wherein the liquid is flash vaporized and flushed by the carrier gas stream into a gas chromatography column. (google.com)
Two of the four filaments are swept by the carrier gas and the other two by a flow containing the sample. (uclouvain.be)
new sensor helps GC users move away from costly helium carrier gas by providing the additional level of security many organizations require in order to use hydrogen. (manufacturing.net)
Helium or nitrogen is used as the so-called carrier gas. (shimadzu.com)
A process by which the components of a mixture are separated by volatilizing the sample into a carrier gas stream and passing the gas through a column containing a substance that retains (absorbs) and releases the volatile constituents. (contractpharma.com)
Hydrogen was used as the carrier gas with the FID, and hydrogen or argon containing 5% methane was the carrier gas used with the ECD. (cdc.gov)
Carrier gas and sample gas flow is managed through the valve to prevent inadvertent injection after an injection is desired and to assure that the sample is not contaminated by past sample flow. (patentgenius.com)

Multidimensional gas c. (degruyter.com)
Fundamental Principles of Multidimensional Chromatography. (barnesandnoble.com)
On-Line Multidimensional Chromatography Using Micro HPLC and Capillary GC," Chromatography Forum, Nov.-Dec. (1986), 29-34. (patentgenius.com)

[5] By 1966 Finnigan and collaborator Mike Uthe's EAI division had sold over 500 quadrupole residual gas-analyzer instruments. (wikipedia.org)

The mobile phase is usually an inert gas or an unreactive gas such as helium, argon, nitrogen or hydrogen. (wikipedia.org)
Agilent Technologies Inc. introduces the new Hydrogen Sensor for the 7890B Gas Chromatography system, which helps GC users move away from costly helium. (manufacturing.net)
Components sometimes associated with natural gases, i.e., helium, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are excluded from the main body of the method. (scribd.com)

Agilent Technologies has opened a $14.7m technology centerin Folsom, California to expand capabilities for chromatography consumables and hardware. (foodnavigator.com)
Agilent Technologies has added to its line of gas chromatographs saying it makes complex technology easy to use. (foodnavigator.com)
Agilent Technologies, Inc., (NYSE: A) today introduced the Agilent CrossLab supplies portfolio, providing high-quality supplies for major brands of gas chromatography systems. (environmental-expert.com)
Agilent Technologies Inc. introduced the new Hydrogen Sensor for the 7890B Gas Chromatography system. (manufacturing.net)
Agilent Technologies, Inc. (NYSE: A) today introduced the Agilent LTM Series II system for gas chromatography, the second generation of its proprietary low thermal-mass technology that greatly increases sample throughput using faster column heating/cooling cycles. (environmental-expert.com)

SCION Instruments has set its sights on tailoring the capabilities of gas chromatography systems to meet specific analytical requirements. (foodnavigator.com)
Here you will find gas filters, injection port accessories, GC-specific syringes, tools, tubing and GC sample handling products such as derivatization systems and vials and closures. (thermofisher.com)
This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Gas Chromatography Systems in US$ Million/Thousand by the following End-use Segments: Chemical & Pharmaceutical, Clinical Labs, Environmental Labs, Petrochemicals, Agriculture & Food & Beverage, Research, and Others. (marketpublishers.com)
When it comes to flexibility, ease of use and sensitivity, one family of gas chromatography (GC) systems stands apart: Clarus. (perkinelmer.com)
Increasing collaborations and symposiums on chromatography technologies have also helped in the increased use of gas chromatography systems, further propelling the growth of this market. (pitchengine.com)
The demand for gas chromatography systems is expected to increase in future, due to recent advances in biotechnology and pharmaceutical researches and rise in government funding for the chromatography-based researches. (pitchengine.com)
The gas chromatography systems market growth is also assisted by increasing conferences and symposiums on chromatography technologies. (pitchengine.com)
Rise in venture capital funding in the U.S. is further supporting the growth of gas chromatography systems market. (pitchengine.com)
The European gas chromatography systems market is mainly driven by strict emphasis on drug and food safety and quality and rise in venture capital funding and investments. (pitchengine.com)
Similarly, increasing collaborations and agreements are assisting the growth of European gas chromatography systems market. (pitchengine.com)
Japan in the Asian gas chromatography systems market had the highest share of 35.34% in the year 2013. (pitchengine.com)
Our systems can produce gas concentrations from percent to ppb levels at the required flow rates for single or multi-point calibration. (environics.com)
Environics' systems automatically blend and dilute gases to generate precise gas mixes. (environics.com)
The Chromera® Chromatography Data Systems (CDS) combines powerful functionality with unmatched ease of use for more streamlined data handling. (selectscience.net)
We show that in open sampling systems, training the classifiers only on high concentrations of gases produces less effective classification and that it is important to calibrate the classification method with data at low gas concentrations to achieve optimal performance. (mdpi.com)
Several embodiments of gas chromatography systems are disclosed incorporating mechanical sample injection valves. (patentgenius.com)

Gas generators including air, nitrogen and hydrogen by Parker/Balston. (sisweb.com)

Researcher using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer in the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) Hydrogen Laboratory, Colorado, USA. (sciencephoto.com)

In GC, a standard column is used to separate and characterize several gases and/or vapors. (wikipedia.org)
Yuze (Alice) Sun, an assistant professor in electrical engineering, said the device is a nanoscale gas chromatography tool that separates vapors from a person's breath, a room or an area, then detects what harmful vapors are present. (nanowerk.com)

This is fueling the demand for separation services and gas chromatography in this region. (pitchengine.com)
Principle of gas chromatography: The sample solution injected into the instrument enters a gas stream which transports the sample into a separation tube known as the 'column. (shimadzu.com)
Gas chromatography (GC) is an analytical separation technique in which the mobile phase is a gas. (chemgapedia.de)
Gas chromatography describe s the group of analytical separation techniques used to analyze volatile substances in the gas phase. (forensisgroup.com)

Inverse gas chromatography or IGC is a highly sensitive and versatile gas phase technique developed over 40 years ago to study the surface and bulk properties of particulate and fibrous materials. (wikipedia.org)
This study used inverse gas chromatography to investigate the effect of different polymers on the surfirce energy of partially or fully coated white pine wood meal. (usda.gov)
In such a case, the use of inverse gas chromatography is suggested. (witpress.com)
Surface ability of lignin materials to various types of interaction might be also expressed by means of inverse gas chromatography derived surface parameters, including its heterogeneity. (witpress.com)

The Gas Chromatography Market is segmented on the basis of instruments, accessories and consumables, end users, and regions. (prnewswire.com)

This study evaluated the photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) for the assessment of soil greenhouse gases (GHG) fluxes in comparison to the standard gas chromatography (GC) method. (scielo.br)

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS ) is an analytical method that combines the features of gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample. (wikipedia.org)
The first on-line coupling of gas chromatography to a mass spectrometer was reported in 1959. (wikipedia.org)
It is not possible to make an accurate identification of a particular molecule by gas chromatography or mass spectrometry alone. (wikipedia.org)
Capillary gas chromatography-mass spectro. (mendeley.com)
Increasing compliance and efficiency needs can now be met with scalable, effective and easy-to-use gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) solutions, designed to provide advanced levels of performance and throughput for environmental, food and forensic laboratories. (environmental-expert.com)
In June, Anthias Consulting celebrates ten years of sharing expertise in Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) through their consultancy services and training courses. (environmental-expert.com)
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling in plants. (nih.gov)
Corrigendum: Gas chromatography mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling in plants. (nih.gov)
Here we provide a detailed protocol for gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolite profiling that offers a good balance of sensitivity and reliability, being considerably more sensitive than NMR and more robust than liquid chromatography-linked mass spectrometry. (nih.gov)
Fatty acid composition of human erythrocyte membranes by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (nih.gov)
A preliminary study to evaluate naturally durable wood species in an above ground field trial using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) detected differences in fatty acid extractives between species and within the same species over time. (usda.gov)
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM, and PM+2/PM in o- and m-nitrophenol using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (merlot.org)
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
Our gas mixing technology is based on very precise control of thermal mass flow controllers. (environics.com)
Moreover, the ground truth of gas concentrations at the sensor location was estimated by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (mdpi.com)
Fonollosa J, Rodríguez-Luján I, Trincavelli M, Vergara A, Huerta R. Chemical Discrimination in Turbulent Gas Mixtures with MOX Sensors Validated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. (mdpi.com)

Hydraulic fracturing is a technique where pressurized fluid and sand or other solids (proppant) are used in gas drilling to allow gas extraction. (chromatographyonline.com)

Eliminate contamination from your gas source for optimal GC performance with the easy-to-use Thermo Scientific™ Click-On™ Inline Gas Filters. (fishersci.com)
Whatman™ Polycap™ Disposable Capsules, 36 TF filters organic and aggressive solutions, air and gas. (fishersci.com)
GC gas purifiers and filters for purifying GC and MS gas includes moisture, particulate, oxygen and hydro-carbon filters. (sisweb.com)

Training of technicians and junior scientists in gas chromatography operation and applications. (rigzone.com)
This 1-day course provides an introduction for complete beginners to gas chromatography and GC-MS, explaining the principles of the technique and the industries and their applications of these techniques. (rsc.org)
This book provides detailed gas chromatography information to applications of biochemi. (intechopen.com)
This book provides detailed gas chromatography information to applications of biochemicals, narcotics and essential oils. (intechopen.com)
This guide should be certainly valuable to the novice, as well as to the experienced gas chromatography user who may not have the enough experience about the specific applications covered in this book. (intechopen.com)

This course provides the essential and practical theory about all available GC & GC-MS techniques, covering gases and plumbing, sampling techniques, how to choose the GC & GC-MS techniques for an application, how to set-up the instrument, strategies for method development & method optimisation and how to maintain & troubleshoot the instrument, techniques and method. (rsc.org)

Gas Chromatography involves the study of various vaporizable molecules in chemistry and the other related research fields. (intechopen.com)

Perform advanced testing using gas chromatography techniques to characterize various oil and gas industrial samples in compliance with international standards where available. (rigzone.com)

Measurement of Carboxyhemoglobin by Gas Chromatography as an Index of Hemolysis in ABO-compatible and Incompatible Healthy Term Newborn Infants. (clinicaltrials.gov)

GC Detector Splitting - FID, FTD, FPD - Gas Chromatography | Shimadzu (ssi.shimadzu.com)

Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of energy metabolism in high-fat diet-fed obese mice (journals.plos.org)

IUCr) An X-ray diffractometer coupled with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and gas chromatography... (journals.iucr.org)

E2M Technical Details - Mobile Gas Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), Mobile Enhanced Environmental Mass Spectrometer -... (bruker.com)

MM2 Technical Details - Mobile Gas Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), Mobile Mass Spectrometers, Mobile CWA Detection... (bruker.com)

METHOD FOR THE METABOLIC PROFILE OF PLANT TISSUES BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED TO MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC/MS) (protocols.io)

Anatomy13

Organisms12

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs100

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment75

Phenomena and Processes48

Disciplines and Occupations7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science4

Health Care11

The gas-liquid chromatograph and the electron capture detection in equine drug testing. (1/4089)

Research and identification of tranquillizers - use of retention index. (2/4089)

Less common "doping" agents and substances encountered during routine screening for drugs. (3/4089)

Solid-phase microextraction and GC-ECD of benzophenones for detection of benzodiazepines in urine. (4/4089)

Gas-liquid chromatography of the heptafluorobutyrate derivatives of the O-methyl-glycosides on capillary columns: a method for the quantitative determination of the monosaccharide composition of glycoproteins and glycolipids. (5/4089)

Methodological issues in biomonitoring of low level exposure to benzene. (6/4089)

The structure of a glycopeptide (GP-II) isolated from Rhizopus saccharogenic amylase. (7/4089)

Cellular fatty acids and metabolic products of Pseudomonas species obtained from clinical specimens. (8/4089)

Gases

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Chromatography, Gas

Chromatography, Affinity

Chromatography, Gel

Chromatography

Chromatography, Ion Exchange

Chromatography, Thin Layer

Chromatography, Liquid

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Molecular Weight

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Chromatography, Agarose

Pulmonary Gas Exchange

Mass Spectrometry

Noble Gases

Molecular Sequence Data

Gas Poisoning

Chromatography, Reverse-Phase

Blood Gas Analysis

Amino Acid Sequence

Kinetics

Amino Acids

Chromatography, Paper

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Gas, Natural

Substrate Specificity

Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

Sepharose

Chemistry

Cattle

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Chemical Phenomena

Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Carbohydrates

Gas Gangrene

Chemical Fractionation

Isoelectric Focusing

Countercurrent Distribution

Methods

Oil and Gas Fields

Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary

Carbohydrate Sequence

Escherichia coli

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Oligosaccharides

Temperature

Calibration

Drug Stability

Rabbits

Isoelectric Point

Peptide Fragments

Liver

Indicators and Reagents

Hydrolysis

Reference Standards

Reproducibility of Results

Protein Binding

Solubility

Trypsin

Recombinant Proteins

Macromolecular Substances

Flame Ionization

Carbon Dioxide

Microchemistry

Fatty Acids

Immunodiffusion

Peptides

Base Sequence

Hydroxyapatites

Glycoproteins

Mustard Gas

Stereoisomerism

Cloning, Molecular

Solid Phase Extraction

Acetonitriles

Polysaccharides

Radioimmunoassay

Molecular Structure