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Chromatography, AffinityChromatography, High Pressure LiquidChromatography, GelChromatographyChromatography, Ion ExchangeChromatography, GasChromatography, LiquidChromatography, Thin LayerMolecular Sequence DataKineticsAmino Acid SequenceMolecular WeightProtein BindingElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelAffinity LabelsAntibody AffinityBinding SitesChromatography, DEAE-CelluloseChromatography, AgaroseBinding, CompetitiveMass SpectrometrySubstrate SpecificityAmino AcidsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSepharoseRecombinant ProteinsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryCattleBase SequenceChromatography, Reverse-PhaseEscherichia coliLigandsChromatography, PaperPeptide FragmentsModels, MolecularStructure-Activity RelationshipPeptidesRabbitsProtein ConformationSpectrophotometry, UltravioletCell LineChemistryChemical PhenomenaMacromolecular SubstancesCloning, MolecularCarrier ProteinsCarbohydratesIsoelectric FocusingSequence Homology, Amino AcidProtein Structure, TertiaryTandem Mass SpectrometryHydrolysisCell MembraneTemperatureSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationCarbohydrate SequenceMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOligosaccharidesLiverSolubilityTrypsinMolecular StructureMutationSurface Plasmon ResonanceBacterial ProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsDNARadioligand AssayIsoelectric PointMutagenesis, Site-DirectedLectinsChemical FractionationGlycoproteinsAntibodies, MonoclonalDrug StabilitySpectrometry, FluorescenceStereoisomerismIndicators and ReagentsCountercurrent DistributionMethodsReceptors, Cell SurfaceCricetinaeChromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic CapillaryPolysaccharidesSwineCircular DichroismImmunodiffusionCells, CulturedIsoenzymesSpecies SpecificityRats, Inbred StrainsDose-Response Relationship, DrugProteinsSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationHeparinRadioimmunoassayCHO CellsCalciumCarbohydrate ConformationTritiumAdenosine TriphosphateHydroxyapatitesMembrane ProteinsAntibodiesSequence AlignmentThermodynamicsOligopeptidesCross-Linking ReagentsBrain ChemistryPeptide MappingBlotting, WesternMagnesiumBiological AssayHot TemperaturePhosphorylationGlycosylationProtein Structure, SecondaryCytosolReproducibility of ResultsMicrochemistryDimerizationOxidation-ReductionFatty AcidsErythrocytesTissue DistributionChemical PrecipitationCentrifugation, Density GradientChickensBrainPhospholipidsSpectrophotometryReference StandardsCalibrationPlant LectinsDetergentsGlycoside HydrolasesCations, DivalentEnzyme StabilityUltracentrifugationIodine RadioisotopesCrystallography, X-RayAmmonium SulfateGlycopeptidesCatalysisEpitopesIsomerismDNA-Binding ProteinsAcetonitrilesModels, ChemicalDNA PrimersTransfectionHistidinePeptide LibraryIsotope LabelingBlood ProteinsEnzyme ActivationAntibody SpecificityEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiological TransportPlasmidsAmino Acid SubstitutionCysteineSolventsDisaccharidesChemistry, PhysicalPhysicochemical PhenomenaCross ReactionsElectrophoresisDNA, ComplementaryImmunoglobulin GChymotrypsinEndopeptidasesAnion Exchange ResinsCyanogen BromideLysineChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalKidneyMannoseLimit of DetectionEdetic AcidSaccharomyces cerevisiaeProteomicsAdsorptionGlycosidesImmunoblottingImmune SeraSensitivity and SpecificityPlant ExtractsGalactoseZincMethanolTumor Cells, CulturedHeLa CellsGlycolipidsRNA, MessengerSolid Phase ExtractionProtein EngineeringDurapatiteModels, BiologicalSpectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentSerum Albumin
Chromatography, Affinity: A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid: Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.Chromatography, Gel: Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.Chromatography: Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.Chromatography, Ion Exchange: Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.Chromatography, Gas: Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.Chromatography, Liquid: Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid.Chromatography, Thin Layer: Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Molecular Weight: The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.Protein Binding: The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel: Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.Affinity Labels: Analogs of those substrates or compounds which bind naturally at the active sites of proteins, enzymes, antibodies, steroids, or physiological receptors. These analogs form a stable covalent bond at the binding site, thereby acting as inhibitors of the proteins or steroids.Antibody Affinity: A measure of the binding strength between antibody and a simple hapten or antigen determinant. It depends on the closeness of stereochemical fit between antibody combining sites and antigen determinants, on the size of the area of contact between them, and on the distribution of charged and hydrophobic groups. It includes the concept of "avidity," which refers to the strength of the antigen-antibody bond after formation of reversible complexes.Binding Sites: The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose: A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-CELLULOSE) as a positively charged resin. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Chromatography, Agarose: A method of gel filtration chromatography using agarose, the non-ionic component of agar, for the separation of compounds with molecular weights up to several million.Binding, Competitive: The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.Mass Spectrometry: An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.Substrate Specificity: A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.Amino Acids: Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.Hydrogen-Ion Concentration: The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)SepharoseRecombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.Cattle: Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Chromatography, Reverse-Phase: A chromatography technique in which the stationary phase is composed of a non-polar substance with a polar mobile phase, in contrast to normal-phase chromatography in which the stationary phase is a polar substance with a non-polar mobile phase.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Ligands: A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)Chromatography, Paper: An analytical technique for resolution of a chemical mixture into its component compounds. Compounds are separated on an adsorbent paper (stationary phase) by their varied degree of solubility/mobility in the eluting solvent (mobile phase).Peptide Fragments: Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.Models, Molecular: Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.Structure-Activity Relationship: The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.Peptides: Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Protein Conformation: The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet: Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Chemistry: A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.Chemical Phenomena: The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.Macromolecular Substances: Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.Carrier Proteins: Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.Carbohydrates: The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.Isoelectric Focusing: Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.Sequence Homology, Amino Acid: The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.Protein Structure, Tertiary: The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A mass spectrometry technique using two (MS/MS) or more mass analyzers. With two in tandem, the precursor ions are mass-selected by a first mass analyzer, and focused into a collision region where they are then fragmented into product ions which are then characterized by a second mass analyzer. A variety of techniques are used to separate the compounds, ionize them, and introduce them to the first mass analyzer. For example, for in GC-MS/MS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY is involved in separating relatively small compounds by GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY prior to injecting them into an ionization chamber for the mass selection.Hydrolysis: The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.Cell Membrane: The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.Temperature: The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization: A mass spectrometry technique used for analysis of nonvolatile compounds such as proteins and macromolecules. The technique involves preparing electrically charged droplets from analyte molecules dissolved in solvent. The electrically charged droplets enter a vacuum chamber where the solvent is evaporated. Evaporation of solvent reduces the droplet size, thereby increasing the coulombic repulsion within the droplet. As the charged droplets get smaller, the excess charge within them causes them to disintegrate and release analyte molecules. The volatilized analyte molecules are then analyzed by mass spectrometry.Carbohydrate Sequence: The sequence of carbohydrates within POLYSACCHARIDES; GLYCOPROTEINS; and GLYCOLIPIDS.Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).Oligosaccharides: Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form.Liver: A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.Solubility: The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Trypsin: A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.Molecular Structure: The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Surface Plasmon Resonance: A biosensing technique in which biomolecules capable of binding to specific analytes or ligands are first immobilized on one side of a metallic film. Light is then focused on the opposite side of the film to excite the surface plasmons, that is, the oscillations of free electrons propagating along the film's surface. The refractive index of light reflecting off this surface is measured. When the immobilized biomolecules are bound by their ligands, an alteration in surface plasmons on the opposite side of the film is created which is directly proportional to the change in bound, or adsorbed, mass. Binding is measured by changes in the refractive index. The technique is used to study biomolecular interactions, such as antigen-antibody binding.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Recombinant Fusion Proteins: Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.DNA: A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).Radioligand Assay: Quantitative determination of receptor (binding) proteins in body fluids or tissue using radioactively labeled binding reagents (e.g., antibodies, intracellular receptors, plasma binders).Isoelectric Point: The pH in solutions of proteins and related compounds at which the dipolar ions are at a maximum.Mutagenesis, Site-Directed: Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.Lectins: Proteins that share the common characteristic of binding to carbohydrates. Some ANTIBODIES and carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. PLANT LECTINS are carbohydrate-binding proteins that have been primarily identified by their hemagglutinating activity (HEMAGGLUTININS). However, a variety of lectins occur in animal species where they serve diverse array of functions through specific carbohydrate recognition.Chemical Fractionation: Separation of a mixture in successive stages, each stage removing from the mixture some proportion of one of the substances, for example by differential solubility in water-solvent mixtures. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Glycoproteins: Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.Antibodies, Monoclonal: Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.Drug Stability: The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.Spectrometry, Fluorescence: Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.Stereoisomerism: The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)Indicators and Reagents: Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)Countercurrent Distribution: A method of separation of two or more substances by repeated distribution between two immiscible liquid phases that move past each other in opposite directions. It is a form of liquid-liquid chromatography. (Stedman, 25th ed)Methods: A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.Receptors, Cell Surface: Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.Cricetinae: A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary: A hybrid separation technique combining both chromatographic and electrophoretic separation principles. While the method was invented to separate neutral species, it can also be applied to charged molecules such as small peptides.PolysaccharidesSwine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Circular Dichroism: A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Immunodiffusion: Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Isoenzymes: Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Rats, Inbred Strains: Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Proteins: Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization: A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis.Heparin: A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.Radioimmunoassay: Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.CHO Cells: CELL LINE derived from the ovary of the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus (CRICETULUS). The species is a favorite for cytogenetic studies because of its small chromosome number. The cell line has provided model systems for the study of genetic alterations in cultured mammalian cells.Calcium: A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.Carbohydrate Conformation: The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a carbohydrate.TritiumAdenosine Triphosphate: An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.Hydroxyapatites: A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Membrane Proteins: Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.Antibodies: Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).Sequence Alignment: The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.Thermodynamics: A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)Oligopeptides: Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.Cross-Linking Reagents: Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other.Brain Chemistry: Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.Peptide Mapping: Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture of PROTEINS, by ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; or MASS SPECTROMETRY. The resulting peptide fingerprints are analyzed for a variety of purposes including the identification of the proteins in a sample, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS, patterns of gene expression, and patterns diagnostic for diseases.Blotting, Western: Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.Magnesium: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.Biological Assay: A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc.Hot Temperature: Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.Phosphorylation: The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.Glycosylation: The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.Protein Structure, Secondary: The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to alpha helices, beta strands (which align to form beta sheets) or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation.Cytosol: Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.Reproducibility of Results: The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.Microchemistry: The development and use of techniques and equipment to study or perform chemical reactions, with small quantities of materials, frequently less than a milligram or a milliliter.Dimerization: The process by which two molecules of the same chemical composition form a condensation product or polymer.Oxidation-Reduction: A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).Fatty Acids: Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Erythrocytes: Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.Tissue Distribution: Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.Chemical Precipitation: The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.Centrifugation, Density Gradient: Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Chickens: Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Phospholipids: Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.Spectrophotometry: The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.Reference Standards: A basis of value established for the measure of quantity, weight, extent or quality, e.g. weight standards, standard solutions, methods, techniques, and procedures used in diagnosis and therapy.Calibration: Determination, by measurement or comparison with a standard, of the correct value of each scale reading on a meter or other measuring instrument; or determination of the settings of a control device that correspond to particular values of voltage, current, frequency or other output.Plant Lectins: Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or membranes. Some carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) from PLANTS also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. Many plant lectins change the physiology of the membrane of BLOOD CELLS to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes. They may play a role in plant defense mechanisms.Detergents: Purifying or cleansing agents, usually salts of long-chain aliphatic bases or acids, that exert cleansing (oil-dissolving) and antimicrobial effects through a surface action that depends on possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.Glycoside HydrolasesCations, Divalent: Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms with a valence of plus 2, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.Enzyme Stability: The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat.Ultracentrifugation: Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Iodine Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.Crystallography, X-Ray: The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.Glycopeptides: Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.Catalysis: The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.Epitopes: Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.Isomerism: The phenomenon whereby certain chemical compounds have structures that are different although the compounds possess the same elemental composition. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)DNA-Binding Proteins: Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.Acetonitriles: Compounds in which a methyl group is attached to the cyano moiety.Models, Chemical: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.DNA Primers: Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.Transfection: The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.Peptide Library: A collection of cloned peptides, or chemically synthesized peptides, frequently consisting of all possible combinations of amino acids making up an n-amino acid peptide.Isotope Labeling: Techniques for labeling a substance with a stable or radioactive isotope. It is not used for articles involving labeled substances unless the methods of labeling are substantively discussed. Tracers that may be labeled include chemical substances, cells, or microorganisms.Blood Proteins: Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.Enzyme Activation: Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.Antibody Specificity: The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.Biological Transport: The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.Amino Acid Substitution: The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.Solvents: Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Disaccharides: Oligosaccharides containing two monosaccharide units linked by a glycosidic bond.Chemistry, Physical: The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes.Physicochemical Phenomena: The physical phenomena describing the structure and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.Cross Reactions: Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.Electrophoresis: An electrochemical process in which macromolecules or colloidal particles with a net electric charge migrate in a solution under the influence of an electric current.DNA, Complementary: Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.Immunoglobulin G: The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.Endopeptidases: A subclass of PEPTIDE HYDROLASES that catalyze the internal cleavage of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS.Anion Exchange Resins: High-molecular-weight insoluble polymers that contain functional cationic groups capable of undergoing exchange reactions with anions.Cyanogen Bromide: Cyanogen bromide (CNBr). A compound used in molecular biology to digest some proteins and as a coupling reagent for phosphoroamidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes.Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.Chemistry Techniques, Analytical: Methodologies used for the isolation, identification, detection, and quantitation of chemical substances.Kidney: Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.Mannose: A hexose or fermentable monosaccharide and isomer of glucose from manna, the ash Fraxinus ornus and related plants. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Limit of Detection: Concentration or quantity that is derived from the smallest measure that can be detected with reasonable certainty for a given analytical procedure.Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.Proteomics: The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.Adsorption: The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.Glycosides: Any compound that contains a constituent sugar, in which the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon is substituted by an alcoholic, phenolic, or other group. They are named specifically for the sugar contained, such as glucoside (glucose), pentoside (pentose), fructoside (fructose), etc. Upon hydrolysis, a sugar and nonsugar component (aglycone) are formed. (From Dorland, 28th ed; From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)Immunoblotting: Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.Immune Sera: Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.Sensitivity and Specificity: Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Plant Extracts: Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.Galactose: An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.Zinc: A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.Tumor Cells, Cultured: Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.HeLa Cells: The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.Glycolipids: Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (From IUPAC's webpage)RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Solid Phase Extraction: An extraction method that separates analytes using a solid phase and a liquid phase. It is used for preparative sample cleanup before analysis by CHROMATOGRAPHY and other analytical methods.Protein Engineering: Procedures by which protein structure and function are changed or created in vitro by altering existing or synthesizing new structural genes that direct the synthesis of proteins with sought-after properties. Such procedures may include the design of MOLECULAR MODELS of proteins using COMPUTER GRAPHICS or other molecular modeling techniques; site-specific mutagenesis (MUTAGENESIS, SITE-SPECIFIC) of existing genes; and DIRECTED MOLECULAR EVOLUTION techniques to create new genes.Durapatite: The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.Models, Biological: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment: A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules, such as glycoalkaloids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides, and peptides. Positive and negative fast atom bombardment spectra are recorded on a mass spectrometer fitted with an atom gun with xenon as the customary beam. The mass spectra obtained contain molecular weight recognition as well as sequence information.Serum Albumin: A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules.

Isolation and purification of rat mammary tumor peroxidase. (1/9384)

7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary tumors often contain high levels of the enzyme perioxidase, a putative marker of estrogen dependence. This enzyme can be effectively extracted with 0.5 M CaCl2, giving rise to a soluble peroxidase with a molecular weight of about 50,000 as determined by gel filtration. This is the same size as the estrogen-induced peroxidase of rat uterus but smaller than other mammalian peroxidases. Further purification of the rat mammary tumor peroxidase by concanavalin A-Sepharose chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography on phenyl Sepharose provides a 640-fold purification of the enzyme.  (+info)

Involvement of poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase in the Pax-6 gene regulation in neuroretina. (2/9384)

The quail Pax-6 gene is expressed from two promoters named P0 and P1. P0 promoter is under the control of a neuroretina-specific enhancer (EP). This enhancer activates the P0 promoter specifically in neuroretina cells and in a developmental stage-dependent manner. The EP enhancer binds efficiently, as revealed by southwestern experiments, to a 110 kDa protein present in neuroretina cells but not in Quail Embryos Cells and Retinal Pigmented Epithelium which do not express the P0-initiated mRNAs. To study the role of p110 in Pax-6 regulation, we have purified the p110 from neuroretina cells extracts. Based on the peptide sequence of the purified protein, we have identified the p110 as the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Using bandshift experiments and footprinting studies, we present evidence that PARP is a component of protein complexes bound to the EP enhancer that increases the on rate of the protein complex formation to DNA. Using PARP inhibitors (3AB and 6.5 Hphe), we show that these products are able to inhibit EP enhancer activity in neuroretina cells. Finally, we demonstrate that these inhibitors are able to decrease the expression of the P0-initiated mRNA in the MC29-infected RPE cells which, in contrast to the RPE cells, accumulated the PARP in response to v-myc expression. Our results suggest that PARP is involved in the Pax-6 regulation.  (+info)

Comparison of the fibrin-binding activities in the N- and C-termini of fibronectin. (3/9384)

Fibronectin (Fn) binds to fibrin in clots by covalent and non-covalent interactions. The N- and C-termini of Fn each contain one non-covalent fibrin-binding site, which are composed of type 1 (F1) structural repeats. We have previously localized the N-terminal site to the fourth and fifth F1 repeats (4F1.5F1). In the current studies, using proteolytic and recombinant proteins representing both the N- and C-terminal fibrin-binding regions, we localized and characterized the C-terminal fibrin-binding site, compared the relative fibrin-binding activities of both sites and determined the contribution of each site to the fibrin-binding activity of intact Fn. By fibrin-affinity chromatography, a protein composed of the 10F1 repeat through to the C-terminus of Fn (10F1-COOH), expressed in COS-1 cells, and 10F1-12F1, produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, displayed fibrin-binding activity. However, since 10F1 and 10F1.11F1 were not active, the presence of 12F1 is required for fibrin binding. A proteolytic fragment of 14.4 kDa, beginning 14 residues N-terminal to 10F1, was isolated from the fibrin-affinity matrix. Radio-iodinated 14.4 kDa fibrin-binding peptide/protein (FBP) demonstrated a dose-dependent and saturable binding to fibrin-coated wells that was both competitively inhibited and reversed by unlabelled 14.4 kDa FBP. Comparison of the fibrin-binding affinities of proteolytic FBPs from the N-terminus (25.9 kDa FBP), the C-terminus (14.4 kDa) and intact Fn by ELISA yielded estimated Kd values of 216, 18 and 2.1 nM, respectively. The higher fibrin-binding affinity of the N-terminus was substantiated by the ability of both a recombinant 4F1.5F1 and a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to this site to maximally inhibit biotinylated Fn binding to fibrin by 80%, and by blocking the 90% inhibitory activity of a polyclonal anti-Fn, by absorption with the 25.9 kDa FBP. We propose that whereas the N-terminal site appears to contribute to most of the binding activity of native Fn to fibrin, the specific binding of the C-terminal site may strengthen this interaction.  (+info)

Purification and characterization of an alpha-galactosyltransferase from Trypanosoma brucei. (4/9384)

A membrane-associated galactosyltransferase from Trypanosoma brucei was purified 34000-fold by affinity chromatography on UDP-hexanolamine-Sepharosetrade mark. Using SDS/PAGE under reducing conditions, the isolated enzyme ran as a relatively broad band with apparent molecular masses of 53 kDa and 52 kDa, indicative of glycosylation and the existence of two isoforms. N-Glycosylation of the enzyme was subsequently confirmed using Western blotting and either specific binding of concanavalin A or peptide-N4-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)asparagine amidase digestion. The de-N-glycosylated enzyme ran with apparent molecular masses of 51 kDa and 50 kDa, indicative of a single N-glycosylation site. The galactosyltransferase exhibited a pH optimum at 7.2 and had a pronounced requirement for Mn2+ ions (KM=2.5 mM) for its action. The transferase activity was independent of the concentration of Triton X-100. The enzyme was capable of transferring galactose from UDP-galactose to a variety of galactose-based acceptors in alpha-glycosidic linkages. The apparent KM values for UDP-galactose and for the preferred acceptor substrate N-acetyl-lactosamine are 46 microM and 4.5 mM respectively. From these results we would like to suggest that the galactosyltransferase functions in the processing of terminal N-acetyl-lactosamine structures of trypanosomal glycoproteins.  (+info)

Enrichment of enzyme activity on deformylation of 1-NFK-lysozyme. (5/9384)

The formamide linkage of an inactive lysozyme derivative (1-NFK-lysozyme), formed by selective ozonization of tryptophan 62 in hen egg-white lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] was hydrolyzed with dilute acid faster in the frozen state at about --10 degrees than at 20 degrees. On hydrolysis of 1-NFK-lysozyme the low lytic activity increased to approximately 80% of that of native lysozyme. It is suggested that the binding ability associated with kynurenine 62 in the lysozyme derivative formed by this hydrolysis may be responsible for increase in enzymatic activity.  (+info)

Hydrophobic interaction of human, mouse, and rabbit interferons with immobilized hydrocarbons. (6/9384)

Interferons of human, mouse, and rabbit origin bind to straight chain hydrocarbons immobilized on agarose. The hydrophobic nature of binding is established by the following observations: (a) a positive correlation between the length of hydrocarbon ligand and the strength of interaction; (b) a stronger interaction with hydrocarbon ligands terminated with apolar rather than polar head groups; (c) a lack of dependence of binding on ionic strength and pH of the solvent; (d) a reversal of binding by ethylene glycol, a hydrophobic solute; (e) an increasing eluting efficacy of tetraalkylammonium ions with the length of their alkyl substituents. The hydrophobic interactions of human interferon underlie the efficiency of two-step chromatographic procedures. For example, human embryo kidney interferon can be purified about 3,600-fold by sequential chromatography on (a) concanavalin A-agarose, (b) octyl-agarose. Another two-step procedure: (a) concanavalin A-agarose, (b) L-tryptophan-agarose, gives about 10,000-fold purification. The overall recovery of interferon in both cases in close to 90%.  (+info)

Removal of non-specific serum inhibitors of haemagglutination of rubella virus by treatment with dodecylamine-gel. (7/9384)

The suitability of using dodecylamine-gel for removing the serum non-antibody-like inhibitors of haemagglutination by rubella was studied. Compared with kaolin and MnCl2/heparin treatment this new procedure appears to have a higher specificity since it removes the non-antibody-like inhibitors from serum without affecting the immunoglobulin level significantly. The potential application of this procedure in routine serological analysis for rubella virus infection is discussed.  (+info)

Purification of two dexamethasone-binding proteins from rat-liver cytosol. (8/9384)

Two dexamethasone-binding proteins have been purified from rat liver cytosol. The main purification steps are: precipitation by protamine sulphate, affinity chromatography on CH-Sepharose 4B to which 11-deoxycorticosterone is linked through a disulfide bond and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Two binding components elute from the DEAE-cellulose column at 0.12 M and 0.2 M NaCl, respectively. By means of dodecylsulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis it was demonstrated that both components are composed predominantly of a single polypeptide with molecular weights of about 45 000 and 90 000. Antibodies to the two polypeptides have been elicited in rabbits. The antibodies to the 45 000-Mr polypeptide cross react with the 90 000-Mr component. Likewise the antibodies to the 90 000-Mr protein precipitate the 45 000-Mr polypeptide. Either of the two antibody preparations immunoprecipitates the major part (approximately 70%) of the dexamethasone-binding activity of the cytosol.  (+info)

United States Affinity Chromatography Columns Market Report 2017 : ReportsnReportsUnited States Affinity Chromatography Columns Market Report 2017 : ReportsnReports
[96 Pages Report] Check for Discount on United States Affinity Chromatography Columns Market Report 2017 report by QYResearch Group. In this report, the United States Affinity Chromatography Columns market...
Large-scale stringent purification of Q23 HTT and HTT-HAP40 using heparin affinity chromatography 2019/05/22 | ZenodoLarge-scale stringent purification of Q23 HTT and HTT-HAP40 using heparin affinity chromatography 2019/05/22 | Zenodo
Project: Biophysical investigation of purified HTT protein samples Experiment: Large-scale stringent purification of Q23 HTT and HTT-HAP40 using heparin affinity chromatography Date completed:- 2019/05/22 Rationale: Previous attempts to generate a much purer and homogenous HTT-HAP40 sample showed that the complex can bind heparin resin. In small-scale experiment, I also incorporated helpful suggestions from scientists at the CHDI Palm Springs meeting full-length HTT research breakout group i.e. ATP wash to remove HSP proteins. The experiment included 3 affinity chromatography steps with FLAG, heparin and NiNTA resin and finally a gel filtration step and yielded a highly pure HTT-HAP40 sample: https://zenodo.org/record/3234174.I now want to try this purification with apo HTT.
Recycling Cyanogen bromide activated sepharose affinity columns?Recycling Cyanogen bromide activated sepharose affinity columns?
In article ,CKBILy.7pG at ucdavis.edu, szsclark at hamlet.ucdavis.edu (Sonya Clark) writes: ,Dear Netters - I am purifying antibodies from a polyclonal prep by ,running them over a CNBr-activated Sepharose affinity column of my ,antigen. As CNBr-activated Sepharose is expensive &/or horrible to make, Well it isnt that expensive compared to the time saved by buying it (unless youre a graduate student whose time isnt valued much) and it isnt all that bad to make (N-methyl-pyrrolidone/Na2CO3 method ) if you have a fume hood but anyhow ,Id like to strip the column of the antigen currently bound, and re-use ,the sepharose to make another affinity column. the real point is that the activated bond from the CNBr is used up by the coupling procedure. Even if you could get the protein off, youre back to unactivated sepharose. Joe Mack mack at ncifcrf.gov Does anyone have a protocol ,to do this? Would eluting the column with harsh eluents (eg. ,Guanidine/urea/SDS) work? and would I then be able to ...
biocomma® Frits for Affinity Chromatography (AC) Columns - Select Frits by Applications - Biocommabiocomma® Frits for Affinity Chromatography (AC) Columns - Select Frits by Applications - Biocomma
biocomma® affinity chromatography column frit is specially used for affinity chromatography column after using Sepharose 4B as basis, it is widely used to extract restructuring protein, purify antibody or separate from effective constituent.
Large-scale Analysis of in Vivo Phosphorylated Membrane Proteins by Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography and Mass...Large-scale Analysis of in Vivo Phosphorylated Membrane Proteins by Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography and Mass...
Our quantitative results differ considerably from those of Posewitz and Tempst (35), especially for the recovery of phosphopeptides from Fe3+-IDA with aqueous ammonia. We think that the difference is mainly due to the different aims in phosphopeptide capture MALDI compatibility (35) versus preparative-scale isolation in our study. We have eluted the peptides with a larger volume of dilute ammonia to achieve a sufficiently high pH in the column, and left the column for at least 5 min in these alkaline conditions (see "Materials and Methods"). Posewitz and Tempst note that with their eluting conditions, the eluate was "mildly alkaline," suggesting that their Fe3+-IMAC columns may not have reached the original pH of the eluant. They further note that "more than 10 volumes of the elution solvent, or significantly lower flow rate, was required to even begin desorbing the phosphorylated peptides." Our conditions are closer to this description. The recovery of 60-70% of the input is lower than ...
Columns, SMT Affinity Chromatography Columns, Chemically Immobilized Biomolecules (CIB), CIB-ProteinA, CIB-IgG and CIB...Columns, SMT Affinity Chromatography Columns, Chemically Immobilized Biomolecules (CIB), CIB-ProteinA, CIB-IgG and CIB...
Affinity Chromatography (AC) is based on the specific adsorption of a molecule to a ligand or macromolecule. Most biomolecules can be purified on the basis of specific interaction between their chemical or biological structure and a suitable affinity ligand. Typical molecular pairs are enzymes and coenzymes or antigens and antibodies. AC packing materials have spacer ligands that are first attached to the substrate before a reversible adsorption of a specific biomolecule. The adsorbed molecule is then eluted through a competitive displacement or by a change in the conformation of the molecule through a change in pH or ionic strength. In contrast to other chromatographic methods, AC is highly selective and is mostly suitable for specific separation problems. Separation Methods Technologies silica-based Chemically Immobilized Biomolecules (CIB) columns are for high performance purification of other biomolecules such as proteins, enzymes and antibodies. In production of CIB columns, SMT utilizes its
Affinity Chromatography Columns | Laboratory Plastic Lab Carboys | Spectrum ChemicalAffinity Chromatography Columns | Laboratory Plastic Lab Carboys | Spectrum Chemical
Find Afinity Chromatography Columns for your Chemical Lab now at SpectrumChemical.com. SpectrumChemical.com carries a full line of Plastic Lab Ca Spectrum Chemical has a complete line of laboratory supplies, equipment and safety items.
Biospecific Affinity Chromatography of Sweet-Potato β-Amylase | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland PressBiospecific Affinity Chromatography of Sweet-Potato β-Amylase | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland Press
PER VRETBLAD; Biospecific Affinity Chromatography of Sweet-Potato β-Amylase. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1974; 2 (6): 1327-1328. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0021327. Download citation file:. ...
GE Healthcare Epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B Medium Epoxy-activated Sepharose | Fisher ScientificGE Healthcare Epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B Medium Epoxy-activated Sepharose | Fisher Scientific
GE Healthcare Epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B Medium Epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B Life Sciences:Protein Biology:Protein Extraction and Purification:Protein Purification:Affinity
Affinity Chromatography PurificationAffinity Chromatography Purification
Affinity chromatography is a useful technique for separating proteins in a reversible interaction between the target protein and ligands bound to b...
Optimisation of HTT-HAP40 purification using heparin affinity chromatography - LabScribblesOptimisation of HTT-HAP40 purification using heparin affinity chromatography - LabScribbles
In order to do any biochemical studies of the huntingtin protein, I must first purify the protein in large amounts. The current protocol for protein purification is adapted from other published protocols and requires a long incubation of clarified cell lysate with FLAG resin which means my protein is sitting around with proteases and other contaminants for a long period of time.. To potentially improve yields and sample quality, it would perhaps be beneficial to have an additional quick enrichment step, such as a heparin resin purification step prior to FLAG binding. This may have the added benefit of removing contaminating nucleic acid material. To test this hypothesis, I conducted small-scale purification of Q23 HTT-HAP40 samples in different buffer systems using heparin and FLAG affinity chromatography.. ...
Analysis of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides by Sequential Lectin-Affinity Chromatography | Springer for Research &...Analysis of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides by Sequential Lectin-Affinity Chromatography | Springer for Research &...
Sugar moieties on the cell surface play one of the most important roles in cellular recognition. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of these cellular phenomena, assessment of the structure...
Patent US6440677 - Nucleic acid affinity columns - Google PatentsPatent US6440677 - Nucleic acid affinity columns - Google Patents
Nucleic acid affinity matrices that bear a large number of different nucleic acid affinity ligands allowing the simultaneous selection and removal of a large number of preselected nucleic acids from the sample. Methods of producing such affinity matrices are also provided. In general the methods involve the steps of a) providing a nucleic acid amplification template array comprising a surface to which are attached at least 50 oligonucleotides having different nucleic acid sequences, and wherein each different oligonucleotide is localized in a predetermined region of the surface, the density of the oligonucleotides is greater than about 60 different oligonucleotides per 1 cm2, and all of the different oligonucleotides have an identical terminal 3′ nucleic acid sequence and an identical terminal 5′ nucleic acid sequence. b) amplifying the multiplicity of oligonucleotides to provide a pool of amplified nucleic acids; and c) attaching the pool of nucleic acids to a solid support.
CNBr-activated resin to immobilize ligands for affinity chromatographyCNBr-activated resin to immobilize ligands for affinity chromatography
Generating your own affinity chromatography columns and resins allows for faster and cleaner protein purification. Pre-activated resins simplify the process.
Purification StrategiesPurification Strategies
In order to study individual biochemical compounds like proteins, DNA, or RNA, biochemists need to know how to purify these components from a complex mixture. This is especially important for biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, which sell purified biochemicals as reagents or drugs to consumers. Do an experiment to purify DNA, RNA, or protein from a complex mixture (for purifying DNA, see the Science Buddies project Extracting Onion DNA). The source of the material can be a cell line, bacterial culture, plant extract, or yeast culture. Which purification strategies work best for your compound of interest? Can you use enzymes like protease, DNAse, or RNAse to test the product of your purification to see if it worked? Are there ways of altering the protocol to make it work better and increase the yield? For example, you could try changing detergent concentrations, salinity, or pH, or adding enzymes ...
Characterization of biases in phosphopeptide enrichment by Ti(4+)-immobilized metal affinity chromatography and TiO2 using a...Characterization of biases in phosphopeptide enrichment by Ti(4+)-immobilized metal affinity chromatography and TiO2 using a...
Outcomes of comparative evaluations of enrichment methods for phosphopeptides depend highly on the experimental protocols used, the operator, the source of the affinity matrix, and the samples analyzed. Here, we attempt such a comparative study exploring a very large synthetic library containing thousands of serine, threonine, and tyrosine phosphorylated peptides, ... read more being present in roughly equal abundance, along with their nonphosphorylated counterparts, and use an optimized protocol for enrichment by TiO2 and Ti(4+)-immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) by a single operator. Surprisingly, our data reveal that there are minimal differences between enrichment of phosphopeptides by TiO2 and Ti(4+)-IMAC when considering biochemical and biophysical parameters such as peptide length, sequence surrounding the site, hydrophobicity, and nature of the amino acid phosphorylated. Similar results were obtained when evaluating a tryptic digest of a cellular lysate, representing a more ...
Creative BioMart Enlarged Its Chromatography Offerings for Scientific Study | Best Business NewspaperCreative BioMart Enlarged Its Chromatography Offerings for Scientific Study | Best Business Newspaper
Creative BioMart, a world leading biotech company focused on supplying quality protein products including recombinant proteins, native proteins, GMP proteins, etc. and custom protein services, is pleased to enlarge its chromatography offerings to better serve scientists in the field of life sciences.. Chromatography is the collective term for a set of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. The separation is based on differential partitioning between the mobile and stationary phases. Commonly used chromatography techniques include: gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and affinity chromatography.. Upon this update, Creative BioMart now contains all types of chromatography at all scales of matrix including: cross-linked agarose, cross-linked cellulose, dextran, methacrylic and polystyrene. Customers can choose from affinity chromatography, antibody affinity chromatography to gel filtration chromatography and ion exchange chromatography, ...
Patent US7438806 - Affinity matrices with enhanced visibility for molecular pull-down and ... - Google PatentsPatent US7438806 - Affinity matrices with enhanced visibility for molecular pull-down and ... - Google Patents
An affinity matrix for use in affinity based molecular pull down and immunoprecipitation procedures. The affinity matrix comprises a polymeric support, a dye attached to a fraction of the polymeric support to enable optical detection of the polymeric support, and an affinity ligand other than the dye attached to a fraction of the polymeric support for the capture of a molecule. Also provided is a method for the isolation of a biomolecule from an aqueous solution. The method comprises combining the aqueous solution with an affinity matrix comprising a polymeric support and separating the affinity matrix from the aqueous solution. A dye is attached to a fraction of the polymeric support which enables optical detection and monitoring of the affinity matrix and, accordingly, reduces the likelihood of the loss of affinity matrix during the separation step. In addition, an affinity ligand other than the dye is also attached to a fraction of the polymeric support for the capture of the biomolecule.
View source - 2010.igem.orgView source - 2010.igem.org
Team:Freiburg_Bioware/Head}} {{:Team:Freiburg_Bioware/menu_home}} ,html> ,h1>Methods,/h1> ,/html> =Method Development= ==Purification of AAV particles== ===IMAC purification via Viral Brick: The Histidin Affinity Tag=== Protein tagging via Histidine Tags is a widely used method for protein purification: Multiple histidine residues (most commonly: Six) are being fused tot he end of the targeting protein. The high binding affinity of Histidine towards metal is being exploited for the purification of proteins via the so called „Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography" (IMAC): Multiple histidine residues (most commonly: Six) are being fused to the end of the targeting protein. A cell extract containing the recombinant protein ist then applied to a collumn containing immobilized Ni2+-Ions. The His-tags covalently bind the Ni-Ions while other cellular proteins can be washed oft he collumn. The purified proteins can then be eluted with Imidazol, which displaces the histidine residues.(MC Smith ...
Affinity Chromatography | Analytical VenturaAffinity Chromatography | Analytical Ventura
Affinity chromatography is a convective analytical or preparative technique which is used to separate components in a mixture of chemical compounds based on differences in their ability to bind to particular substrate. In affinity chromatography, a substrate is immobilized on the stationary phase media which is packed into a chromatography column. Mixtures containing the analyte are injected onto the column, where any components of the mixture with a propensity to bind to the substrate will become attached to the stationary phase and all other components of the mixture will simply run through the column. Attached particles can then be eluted from the column by adding a compound which disrupts the interaction between the substrate and the stationary phase. Commonly-used substrate ligands include metal-ions, antibodies, or small molecules such as ATP.. With the recent focus on recombinant proteins and antibodies in biomedical research, affinity chromatography has emerged as an important technique ...
DiVA - Search resultDiVA - Search result
Affibody molecules are a class of small (ca.7 kDa) robust scaffold proteins with high potential as tracers for radionuclide molecular imaging in vivo. Incorporation of a cysteine-containing peptide-based chelator at the C terminus provides an opportunity for stable labelling with the radionuclide 99mTc. The use of a GGGC chelator at the C terminus has provided the lowest renal radioactivity retention of the previously investigated peptide-based chelators. Previously, it has also been demonstrated that replacement of the His6-tag with the negatively charged histidine-glutamate-histidine-glutamate-histidine-glutamate (HEHEHE)-tag permits purification of affibody molecules by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) and provides low hepatic accumulation of radioactivity of conjugates site-specifically labelled at the C terminus using several different nuclides. We hypothesized that the combination of a HEHEHE-tag at the N terminus and a GGGC chelator at the C terminus of an affibody ...
Gentaur Molecular :Trevigen \ PAR Monoclonal Antibody Affinity Purified \ 4335-AMC-050Gentaur Molecular :Trevigen \ PAR Monoclonal Antibody Affinity Purified \ 4335-AMC-050
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , Trevigen \ PAR Monoclonal Antibody Affinity Purified \ 4335-AMC-050 for more molecular products just contact us
Antibodies | Free Full-Text | Preparation of Knockout Extract by Immunoaffinity Column and Its ApplicationAntibodies | Free Full-Text | Preparation of Knockout Extract by Immunoaffinity Column and Its Application
Importance of herbal medicines have recently increased owing to rising interest in their health benefits. However, medicinal plant extracts are complex mixtures of phytochemicals that act synergistically or additively on specific and/or multiple molecular and cellular targets. Thus, it is difficult to examine the actual pharmacological roles of active compounds in plant extracts. This review describes a new strategy for isolating target compounds from plant extracts using immunoaffinity columns coupled with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against natural compounds. Through one-step purification using mAb-coupled immunoaffinity columns, we succeeded in preparing a knockout (KO) extract, which contains all components except the target compound. Furthermore, we investigated the pharmacological effects of the KO extract to reveal the actual effects of a bioactive compound in the crude extract. This approach may help determine the potential function of target compounds in herbal medicines.
Immunoaffinity Column Rack [CR1] Equl offers Enzyme Assay Kits, Reagent Mixtures, Enzymes, Glycobiology, Amylase Test,...Immunoaffinity Column Rack [CR1] Equl offers Enzyme Assay Kits, Reagent Mixtures, Enzymes, Glycobiology, Amylase Test,...
Immunoaffinity Column Rack [CR1] - Intended use: R-Biopharm Rhône has designed a simple and easy to use racking system for performing immunoaffinity column analysis. Inserts are also available for the rack.General information: With its solid, chemical resistant structure, RBRs variable position immunaffinity column rack gives users a stable foundation to handle multiple analysis. Holding up
HIS-Select Affinity Purification - Protein Purification | Sigma-AldrichHIS-Select Affinity Purification - Protein Purification | Sigma-Aldrich
A polyhistidine tag, usually his6, attached to either the amino-terminus or carboxyl-terminus of an expressed recombinant protein enables affinity purification of that protein. Using the principles of immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), the his-tagged fusion protein binds to a metal chelate-coated substrate and can be eluted with imidazole. In addition to plant-plant proteomic applications, His-tagged proteins from bacterial or animal sources may be expressed in plants to avoid cross-contamination of the purified protein with other bacterial or animal proteins.1 Our HIS-Select nickel affinity system uses tetradentate chelated nickel for high selectivity bound to its support with a neutral spacer to minimize unwanted ionic interactions. HIS-select nickel affinity gel can bind about 15 mg protein/ml. The ligand has the same high capacity on highly crosslinked agarose for fast flow and high pressure chromatography, and in the EZview™ Red agarose format. HIS-select spin
Blurry bands ...: post #1Blurry bands ...: post #1
Blurry bands ... - posted in SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting: Hello, Ive been running SDS Pages for a while ... lately I was doing some DNA affinity chromatography experiments and was running the elutions on a 16% gel. My particular interest is the identification of smaller proteins (around 10 - 20 kDa). I dont know why, but apparently the smaller proteins on my gel, appear as blurry bands (see attached file); thus giving really troubles for further MALDI analysis. Does anyone kno...
A method for analysis of DNA by annealing on a DNA cellulose column - CaltechAUTHORSA method for analysis of DNA by annealing on a DNA cellulose column - CaltechAUTHORS
Merriam, E. Virginia and Dumas, Lawrence B. and Sinsheimer, Robert L. (1970) A method for analysis of DNA by annealing on a DNA cellulose column. Analytical Biochemistry, 36 (2). pp. 389-395. ISSN 0003-2697. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160728-084236243 Full text is not posted in this repository. Consult Related URLs below.. Use this Persistent URL to link to this item: https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160728-084236243 ...
GST-His purification: A Two-step Affinity Purification Protocol Yielding Full-length Purified Proteins | ProtocolGST-His purification: A Two-step Affinity Purification Protocol Yielding Full-length Purified Proteins | Protocol
In the present protocol, we demonstrate a highly efficient and cost-effective small-scale protein purification method, which allows...
Affinity Chromatography (EXP-206P) | Modern Biology Inc. Creative Experiments used in teaching labs of College and High...Affinity Chromatography (EXP-206P) | Modern Biology Inc. Creative Experiments used in teaching labs of College and High...
Purified proteins are often needed in the basic research laboratory and for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. An effective technique for protein purification is affinity chromatography, which exploits a specific interaction between a protein and a complementary binding molecule. In this exercise, students isolate albumin from horse serum by affinity chromatography using a column matrix containing a reactive blue dye, which binds specifically to the albumin molecule. They then use electrophoresis to analyze the isolated protein in order to verify the effectiveness of the procedure.. Precast polyacrylamide gels can be ordered from Bio Rad, (800-424-6723) Their catalog number is 1611177.. ...
Frontiers | Affinity Chromatography of Native and Recombinant Proteins from Receptors for Insulin and IGF-I to Recombinant...Frontiers | Affinity Chromatography of Native and Recombinant Proteins from Receptors for Insulin and IGF-I to Recombinant...
Affinity chromatography is an efficient method to isolate proteins by taking advantage of their affinities for specific molecules such as substrates, inhibitors, antigens, ligands, antibodies, and other interacting molecules including subunits. Nowadays, we take the effectiveness and excellence of this technology for granted. This essay will mainly cover the use of affinity chromatography based on my experience.
Protein A Recombinant Protein A E.Poli Not Antibody Column Purified Protein AProtein A Recombinant Protein A E.Poli Not Antibody Column Purified Protein A
Quality Recombinant Protein A manufacturers & exporter - buy Protein A Recombinant Protein A E.Poli Not Antibody Column Purified Protein A from China manufacturer.
Purification and Characterization of Vaccin... ID:10288Purification and Characterization of Vaccin... ID:10288
(ID:10288) Development of an affinity chromatography purification of cell culture derived Vaccinia Virus VV after an initial host
Immunoglobulin-M purification - challenges and perspectives | ScholarBank@NUSImmunoglobulin-M purification - challenges and perspectives | [email protected]
Extensive research in the past two decades has led to the realization of Immunoglobulin-M (IgM) as a potential therapeutic and diagnostic agent. In order to fully exploit the potential of IgM, large quantities, in a highly pure and active form, must be available at low cost for performing clinical trials, characterization studies and quantitative-structure activity analyses. The complex physico-chemical properties, in particular its large size and labile nature renders downstream purification of IgM difficult. This review discusses the limitations and challenges associated with the current IgM purification strategies and proposes future directions for research. The uniqueness of affinity chromatography, specifically biomimetic affinity chromatography for protein purification is highlighted and its potential for IgM purification is discussed. © 2011 Elsevier Inc ...
Plus itPlus it
A common structural feature of all cellular eukaryotic mRNAs (except for organelle mRNAs) analyzed to date is the presence of a 5′-terminal m7GpppN (where N is any nucleotide) structure, termed the cap (140). This structure is added early during RNA polymerase II-driven transcription and is required for several steps of mRNA biogenesis. Consistent with the diverse roles of the cap during gene expression, a number of cap binding proteins have been identified in the cytoplasm and nucleus (54, 140). The first-described, and best-characterized of these, is eukaryotic initiation factor-4E (eIF-4E), a 24-kDa polypeptide that has been cloned and characterized from a number of species. This protein shows strong binding specificity for methylated, cap structures of eukaryotic mRNAs (54).. We have developed an affinity chromatography procedure, called CAPture, that allows for the purification of mRNA via the cap structure (44). Previous to this, several laboratories had used antibodies directed against ...
Chromatography experiment - Sample EssayChromatography experiment - Sample Essay
Measure 1cm from bottom of strip and draw a line across Draw a cross in the centre of this line Attach a pin to the top of the chromatography paper, and p
Synthesis and applications of affinity matrix containing immobilized βγ subunits of G proteins<...Synthesis and applications of affinity matrix containing immobilized βγ subunits of G proteins<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Synthesis and applications of affinity matrix containing immobilized βγ subunits of G proteins. AU - Pang, Iok-Hou. AU - Smrcka, Alan V.. AU - Sternweis, Paul C.. PY - 1994/1/1. Y1 - 1994/1/1. N2 - This chapter discusses synthesis and applications of affinity matrix containing immobilized βγ subunits of G proteins. All G proteins composed of α,β, and γ subunits. Stimulation of the proteins is effected by exchange of GTP for GDP. This activation can be mimicked, in vitro, by the binding of AIF4 - in concert with guanosine 5-diphosphate (GDP). Activation promotes dissociation of α and βγ subunits. Because generic purified complexes of βγ subunits interact with a wide variety of unique α subunits, it is possible to use βγ as an affinity reagent for the study of α subunits. The development of a functional immobilized βγ resin provided a novel method for isolating and purifying α subunits of G proteins and a unique means for studying the interaction between α and ...
subject:(Biochemistry) - OATDsubject:(Biochemistry) - OATD
The experiments in this thesis were performed to determine if novel uses of three fusion proteins could be established as a means of improving the protein purification process, and in particular, the elution step, thus resulting in the establishment of novel immunoaffinity purification methods. There are numerous fusion tags currently available for use as purification tools. Many of these current methods for protein purification require harsh elution steps, such as a low pH elution, which can be harmful to the protein. There are few purification methods that successfully purify protein, while maintaining a gentle pH environment for the protein. The goal was to employ a new in-house tag, and enhance two previously established tags, to optimize purification methods that would not require low pH elution steps. For each fusion tag in this work, there were three major aspects to the establishment of the purification method. The first aspect was the expression and purification by Nickel-IMAC of the ...
BIA Separations - High-Performance Monolith Affinity Chromatography for Fast Quantitation of Immunoglobulin GBIA Separations - High-Performance Monolith Affinity Chromatography for Fast Quantitation of Immunoglobulin G
A. Tscheliessnig, A. Jungbauer Journal of Chromatography A, 1216 (2009) 2676-2682 High-performance monolith affinity chromatography employing protein A
Affinity chromatographyAffinity chromatography
Amersham Biosciences Handbook. Affinity chromatography separates proteins on the basis of a reversible interaction between a protein (or group of proteins) and a specific ligand coupled to a chromatography matrix. The technique offers high selectivity, hence high resolution, and usually high capacity for the protein(s) of interest. Purification can be in the order of several thousand-fold and recoveries of active material are generally very high.. ...
affinity chromatography: post #1affinity chromatography: post #1
affinity chromatography - posted in Protein and Proteomics: dear everyone who expert in protein purification I am confuse .... what is the differences between glutathione agarose and glutathione sepharose I am very grateful for somebody that can help me C U Erlia
Omnifit Chromatography Column Replacement Endpieces: Fixed Fixed endpiece; Bore size: 10mm; Operating pressure: 600 psi Omnifit...Omnifit Chromatography Column Replacement Endpieces: Fixed Fixed endpiece; Bore size: 10mm; Operating pressure: 600 psi Omnifit...
Omnifit Chromatography Column Replacement Endpieces: Fixed Fixed endpiece; Bore size: 10mm; Operating pressure: 600 psi Omnifit Chromatography Column Replacement...
Monitoring Drug Behaviour Using High Performance Affinity Chromatography (HPAC)Monitoring Drug Behaviour Using High Performance Affinity Chromatography (HPAC)
There is a growing demand in the pharmaceutical industry for fast and selective separation methods to monitor drug behaviour in small-volume biological samples. David S. Hage from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA, has recently developed a series of methods using affinity chromatography and related techniques for this purpose. LCGC interviewed him on this work.
Affinity Chromatography Resin Sales Market CAGR of 7.39% and OverviewAffinity Chromatography Resin Sales Market CAGR of 7.39% and Overview
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Affinity Chromatography and Biological Recognition - 1st EditionAffinity Chromatography and Biological Recognition - 1st Edition
Purchase Affinity Chromatography and Biological Recognition - 1st Edition. Print Book & E-Book. ISBN 9780121665807, 9780323146623
Gold Immunoprobes | Laboratory Affinity Chromatography Supplies | Spectrum ChemicalGold Immunoprobes | Laboratory Affinity Chromatography Supplies | Spectrum Chemical
Find Gold Immunoprobes for your Chemical Lab now at SpectrumChemical.com. SpectrumChemical.com carries a full line of Affinity Chromatography Sup Spectrum Chemical has a complete line of laboratory supplies, equipment and safety items.
GST-tagged Yeast Protein Purification -BIO-PROTOCOLGST-tagged Yeast Protein Purification -BIO-PROTOCOL
Glutation S-transferase (GST) tagging is the most commonly used purification strategy for recombinant protein. It was developed with the goal of preserving the enzymatic activity by utilizing gentle elution condition of the target protein from purification matrix (Poon and Hunt., 1994). The method described here can be applied from single protein to proteome scale purification of recombinant protein from yeast (Zhu et al., 2000; Zhu et al., 2001).
Estradiol Antibody-PTM proteomics; Cell-Molecular Biology; Small Molecules; Research ToolsEstradiol Antibody-PTM proteomics; Cell-Molecular Biology; Small Molecules; Research Tools
This antibody was developed using β-estradiol-6-one-6-(O-carboxymethyloxime)-KLH conjugates as the immunogen and affinity purified with antigen-specific affinity chromatography. The antibody could be utilized for detection, quantization and affinity isolation and purification of estradiol in biofluid. ...
Chromatography Column free vector | Download it now!Chromatography Column free vector | Download it now!
Chromatography Column vector art. Get thousands of vector art in AI, SVG, EPS and CDR. Discover more chromatography, column and protein vector download for Free!
PYREX™ Chromatography Column With Coarse Fritted Disc | Fisher ScientificPYREX™ Chromatography Column With Coarse Fritted Disc | Fisher Scientific
Shop a large selection of Chromatography products and learn more about PYREX™ Chromatography Column With Coarse Fritted Disc .
Cleanroom-Safe Handling Of Chromatography ColumnsCleanroom-Safe Handling Of Chromatography Columns
Such equipment presents a unique challenge because, while the overall weight of a column can be as much as 11,000 kg and above, it incorporates a large number of fragile components that must be handled delicately. Furthermore, the columns must be moved within laboratory environments subject to strict cleanroom conditions, limiting the type of handling equipment that can be used.. The MasterTug from MasterMover is a pedestrian-operated electric tug, which offers significant advantages for moving large-scale chromatography columns. As the tug works on the principle of weight transfer, a single operator can easily tow the column on a trolley in a controlled and low-speed manner, in order to guide the sensitive columns into place.. Similarly, because it is electrically powered and takes up minimal floor space, it can be taken into a cleanroom without compromising hygiene or the risk of knocking into valuable pharmaceutical equipment.. Meanwhile, the versatile and compact SmartMover is capable of ...
Meir WilchekMeir Wilchek
Glycated hemoglobinGlycated hemoglobin
HeparinHeparin
Protein AProtein A
SepharoseSepharose
MicroorganismMicroorganism
KIAA0922KIAA0922
TMTC4TMTC4
Washington University School of MedicineWashington University School of Medicine
Type three secretion systemType three secretion system
NanoCLAMPNanoCLAMP
Leukotriene C4 synthaseLeukotriene C4 synthase
Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1
Glycated hemoglobinGlycated hemoglobin
PepsinPepsin
POLD1POLD1
HeterotetramerHeterotetramer
Downstream processingDownstream processing
OrganomercuryOrganomercury
C12orf66C12orf66
Uridine monophosphate synthetaseUridine monophosphate synthetase
PhosphorylationPhosphorylation
Annexin A2Annexin A2
Maltose-binding proteinMaltose-binding protein
Methylsterol monooxygenaseMethylsterol monooxygenase
1,3-alpha-L-fucosidase1,3-alpha-L-fucosidase
Toluene dioxygenaseToluene dioxygenase
FlAsH-EDT2FlAsH-EDT2
S100A6S100A6
AntibodyAntibody
PDLIM1 - ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرةPDLIM1 - ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة
ElutionElution
YohimbineYohimbine
ChemistryChemistry
Հեպարին - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարանՀեպարին - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան
TetrahydrocannabinolTetrahydrocannabinol
Vitamin CVitamin C
S100A6 - ويكيبيدياS100A6 - ويكيبيديا
User:Plbrown123/Books/Atoms, Ions, Bonds, Molecules, Electronic, and Chemical Analysis; You Dont See that in Dasher! -...User:Plbrown123/Books/Atoms, Ions, Bonds, Molecules, Electronic, and Chemical Analysis; You Don't See that in Dasher! -...
TheanineTheanine
ProteinProtein
Racemic mixtureRacemic mixture
StimulantStimulant
Molecular sieveMolecular sieve
2,4-Dienoil-KoA reduktaza (NADPH) - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија2,4-Dienoil-KoA reduktaza (NADPH) - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
BuckminsterfullereneBuckminsterfullerene
DeoxyribozymeDeoxyribozyme
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
DielectrophoresisDielectrophoresis
Ion chromatographyIon chromatography
Organic chemistryOrganic chemistry
Dioxins and dioxin-like compoundsDioxins and dioxin-like compounds
CloxazolamCloxazolam
Floral scentFloral scent
Flow cytometryFlow cytometry
MolekulMolekul
Action potentialAction potential
AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Chromatography, AffinityChromatography, High Pressure LiquidChromatography, GelChromatographyChromatography, Ion ExchangeChromatography, GasChromatography, LiquidChromatography, Thin LayerMolecular Sequence DataKineticsAmino Acid SequenceMolecular WeightProtein BindingElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelAffinity LabelsAntibody AffinityBinding SitesChromatography, DEAE-CelluloseChromatography, AgaroseBinding, CompetitiveMass SpectrometrySubstrate SpecificityAmino AcidsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSepharoseRecombinant ProteinsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryCattleBase SequenceChromatography, Reverse-PhaseEscherichia coliLigandsChromatography, PaperPeptide FragmentsModels, MolecularStructure-Activity RelationshipPeptidesRabbitsProtein ConformationSpectrophotometry, UltravioletCell LineChemistryChemical PhenomenaMacromolecular SubstancesCloning, MolecularCarrier ProteinsCarbohydratesIsoelectric FocusingSequence Homology, Amino AcidProtein Structure, TertiaryTandem Mass SpectrometryHydrolysisCell MembraneTemperatureSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationCarbohydrate SequenceMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOligosaccharidesLiverSolubilityTrypsinMolecular StructureMutationSurface Plasmon ResonanceBacterial ProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsDNARadioligand AssayIsoelectric PointMutagenesis, Site-DirectedLectinsChemical FractionationGlycoproteinsAntibodies, MonoclonalDrug StabilitySpectrometry, FluorescenceStereoisomerismIndicators and ReagentsCountercurrent DistributionMethodsReceptors, Cell SurfaceCricetinaeChromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic CapillaryPolysaccharidesSwineCircular DichroismImmunodiffusionCells, CulturedIsoenzymesSpecies SpecificityRats, Inbred StrainsDose-Response Relationship, DrugProteinsSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationHeparinRadioimmunoassayCHO CellsCalciumCarbohydrate ConformationTritiumAdenosine TriphosphateHydroxyapatitesMembrane ProteinsAntibodiesSequence AlignmentThermodynamicsOligopeptidesCross-Linking ReagentsBrain ChemistryPeptide MappingBlotting, WesternMagnesiumBiological AssayHot TemperaturePhosphorylationGlycosylationProtein Structure, SecondaryCytosolReproducibility of ResultsMicrochemistryDimerizationOxidation-ReductionFatty AcidsErythrocytesTissue DistributionChemical PrecipitationCentrifugation, Density GradientChickensBrainPhospholipidsSpectrophotometryReference StandardsCalibrationPlant LectinsDetergentsGlycoside HydrolasesCations, DivalentEnzyme StabilityUltracentrifugationIodine RadioisotopesCrystallography, X-RayAmmonium SulfateGlycopeptidesCatalysisEpitopesIsomerismDNA-Binding ProteinsAcetonitrilesModels, ChemicalDNA PrimersTransfectionHistidinePeptide LibraryIsotope LabelingBlood ProteinsEnzyme ActivationAntibody SpecificityEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiological TransportPlasmidsAmino Acid SubstitutionCysteineSolventsDisaccharidesChemistry, PhysicalPhysicochemical PhenomenaCross ReactionsElectrophoresisDNA, ComplementaryImmunoglobulin GChymotrypsinEndopeptidasesAnion Exchange ResinsCyanogen BromideLysineChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalKidneyMannoseLimit of DetectionEdetic AcidSaccharomyces cerevisiaeProteomicsAdsorptionGlycosidesImmunoblottingImmune SeraSensitivity and SpecificityPlant ExtractsGalactoseZincMethanolTumor Cells, CulturedHeLa CellsGlycolipidsRNA, MessengerSolid Phase ExtractionProtein EngineeringDurapatiteModels, BiologicalSpectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentSerum Albumin
Affinity Chromatography and Biological Recognition - 1st EditionAffinity Chromatography and Biological Recognition - 1st Edition
affinity chromatography: post #1affinity chromatography: post #1
Gold Immunoprobes | Laboratory Affinity Chromatography Supplies | Spectrum ChemicalGold Immunoprobes | Laboratory Affinity Chromatography Supplies | Spectrum Chemical
Biospecific Affinity Chromatography of Sweet-Potato β-Amylase | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland PressBiospecific Affinity Chromatography of Sweet-Potato β-Amylase | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland Press
Monitoring Drug Behaviour Using High Performance Affinity Chromatography (HPAC)Monitoring Drug Behaviour Using High Performance Affinity Chromatography (HPAC)
United States Affinity Chromatography Columns Market Report 2017 : ReportsnReportsUnited States Affinity Chromatography Columns Market Report 2017 : ReportsnReports
Frontiers | Affinity Chromatography of Native and Recombinant Proteins from Receptors for Insulin and IGF-I to Recombinant...Frontiers | Affinity Chromatography of Native and Recombinant Proteins from Receptors for Insulin and IGF-I to Recombinant...
Large-scale Analysis of in Vivo Phosphorylated Membrane Proteins by Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography and Mass...Large-scale Analysis of in Vivo Phosphorylated Membrane Proteins by Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography and Mass...
Affinity chromatographyAffinity chromatography
Analysis of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides by Sequential Lectin-Affinity Chromatography | Springer for Research &...Analysis of Asparagine-Linked Oligosaccharides by Sequential Lectin-Affinity Chromatography | Springer for Research &...
Affinity chromatographyAffinity chromatography
Affinity Chromatography | Analytical VenturaAffinity Chromatography | Analytical Ventura
Affinity Chromatography PurificationAffinity Chromatography Purification
CNBr-activated resin to immobilize ligands for affinity chromatographyCNBr-activated resin to immobilize ligands for affinity chromatography
Affinity chromatography - WikipediaAffinity chromatography - Wikipedia
Affinity chromatography | chemistry | BritannicaAffinity chromatography | chemistry | Britannica
Affinity Chromatography - Methods and Protocols | Senta Reichelt | SpringerAffinity Chromatography - Methods and Protocols | Senta Reichelt | Springer
Immobilized gallium(III) affinity chromatography of phosphopeptides. - PubMed - NCBIImmobilized gallium(III) affinity chromatography of phosphopeptides. - PubMed - NCBI
Affinity chromatography : methods and protocols (eBook, 2000) [WorldCat.org]Affinity chromatography : methods and protocols (eBook, 2000) [WorldCat.org]
Affinity Chromatography vs. Protein A/G PurificationAffinity Chromatography vs. Protein A/G Purification
Affinity Chromatography for Vaccines PurificationAffinity Chromatography for Vaccines Purification
Affinity Chromatography | SartoriusAffinity Chromatography | Sartorius
Lectin affinity chromatography of factor VIII - Miles Inc.Lectin affinity chromatography of factor VIII - Miles Inc.
Affinity chromatography - WikipediaAffinity chromatography - Wikipedia
Northeastern University s Bill Hancock on Multi-Lectin Affinity Chromatography | GenomeWebNortheastern University s Bill Hancock on Multi-Lectin Affinity Chromatography | GenomeWeb
Improved immobilized metal affinity chromatography for large-scale phosphoproteomics applications. - PubMed - NCBIImproved immobilized metal affinity chromatography for large-scale phosphoproteomics applications. - PubMed - NCBI
Anti-Slitrk6 Antibody clone, from rabbit, purified by affinity chromatography | Sigma-AldrichAnti-Slitrk6 Antibody clone, from rabbit, purified by affinity chromatography | Sigma-Aldrich
Anti-UHRF1BP1 Antibody clone, from rabbit, purified by affinity chromatography | Sigma-AldrichAnti-UHRF1BP1 Antibody clone, from rabbit, purified by affinity chromatography | Sigma-Aldrich
Affinity Chromatography Market - Analysis and Global Forecast to 2023 | MarketsandMarketsAffinity Chromatography Market - Analysis and Global Forecast to 2023 | MarketsandMarkets
Sensors | Free Full-Text | Single-Step Purification of Monomeric l-Selectin via Aptamer Affinity ChromatographySensors | Free Full-Text | Single-Step Purification of Monomeric l-Selectin via Aptamer Affinity Chromatography
Affinity ChromatographyAffinity Chromatography
Chromatography Resin Market (IEC, Affinity, HIC, SEC and Mixed) with 2018 Forecasts in New Research Report at RnRMarketResearch...Chromatography Resin Market (IEC, Affinity, HIC, SEC and Mixed) with 2018 Forecasts in New Research Report at RnRMarketResearch...
CiteSeerX - Largescale analysis of in vivo phosphorylated membrane proteins by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography...CiteSeerX - Largescale analysis of in vivo phosphorylated membrane proteins by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography...
Protein Purification Using Affinity Chromatography | Thermo Fisher Scientific - ARProtein Purification Using Affinity Chromatography | Thermo Fisher Scientific - AR
Protein-protein interaction affinity chromatography of leukotriene C4 synthaseProtein-protein interaction affinity chromatography of leukotriene C4 synthase
Cellular membrane affinity chromatography (CMAC) in drug discovery from complex natural matricesCellular membrane affinity chromatography (CMAC) in drug discovery from complex natural matrices
Affinity Chromatography of some Adenosine Phosphate-Requiring Systems | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland PressAffinity Chromatography of some Adenosine Phosphate-Requiring Systems | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland Press
Single-step purification of cyclotides using affinity chromatographySingle-step purification of cyclotides using affinity chromatography
Selective Enzyme Purification by Affinity Chromatography (October 1968)Selective Enzyme Purification by Affinity Chromatography (October 1968)
MALDI/MS Comparison of Fe-NTA Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography and Commercially-Available Metal Oxide Affinity Resins...MALDI/MS Comparison of Fe-NTA Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography and Commercially-Available Metal Oxide Affinity Resins...
Agarose bead size in affinity chromatography - Protein Expression and Purification - BioForumAgarose bead size in affinity chromatography - Protein Expression and Purification - BioForum
AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Chromatography, AffinityChromatography, High Pressure LiquidChromatography, GelChromatographyChromatography, Ion ExchangeChromatography, GasChromatography, LiquidChromatography, Thin LayerMolecular Sequence DataKineticsAmino Acid SequenceMolecular WeightProtein BindingElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelAffinity LabelsAntibody AffinityBinding SitesChromatography, DEAE-CelluloseChromatography, AgaroseBinding, CompetitiveMass SpectrometrySubstrate SpecificityAmino AcidsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSepharoseRecombinant ProteinsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryCattleBase SequenceChromatography, Reverse-PhaseEscherichia coliLigandsChromatography, PaperPeptide FragmentsModels, MolecularStructure-Activity RelationshipPeptidesRabbitsProtein ConformationSpectrophotometry, UltravioletCell LineChemistryChemical PhenomenaMacromolecular SubstancesCloning, MolecularCarrier ProteinsCarbohydratesIsoelectric FocusingSequence Homology, Amino AcidProtein Structure, TertiaryTandem Mass SpectrometryHydrolysisCell MembraneTemperatureSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationCarbohydrate SequenceMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOligosaccharidesLiverSolubilityTrypsinMolecular StructureMutationSurface Plasmon ResonanceBacterial ProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsDNARadioligand AssayIsoelectric PointMutagenesis, Site-DirectedLectinsChemical FractionationGlycoproteinsAntibodies, MonoclonalDrug StabilitySpectrometry, FluorescenceStereoisomerismIndicators and ReagentsCountercurrent DistributionMethodsReceptors, Cell SurfaceCricetinaeChromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic CapillaryPolysaccharidesSwineCircular DichroismImmunodiffusionCells, CulturedIsoenzymesSpecies SpecificityRats, Inbred StrainsDose-Response Relationship, DrugProteinsSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationHeparinRadioimmunoassayCHO CellsCalciumCarbohydrate ConformationTritiumAdenosine TriphosphateHydroxyapatitesMembrane ProteinsAntibodiesSequence AlignmentThermodynamicsOligopeptidesCross-Linking ReagentsBrain ChemistryPeptide MappingBlotting, WesternMagnesiumBiological AssayHot TemperaturePhosphorylationGlycosylationProtein Structure, SecondaryCytosolReproducibility of ResultsMicrochemistryDimerizationOxidation-ReductionFatty AcidsErythrocytesTissue DistributionChemical PrecipitationCentrifugation, Density GradientChickensBrainPhospholipidsSpectrophotometryReference StandardsCalibrationPlant LectinsDetergentsGlycoside HydrolasesCations, DivalentEnzyme StabilityUltracentrifugationIodine RadioisotopesCrystallography, X-RayAmmonium SulfateGlycopeptidesCatalysisEpitopesIsomerismDNA-Binding ProteinsAcetonitrilesModels, ChemicalDNA PrimersTransfectionHistidinePeptide LibraryIsotope LabelingBlood ProteinsEnzyme ActivationAntibody SpecificityEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiological TransportPlasmidsAmino Acid SubstitutionCysteineSolventsDisaccharidesChemistry, PhysicalPhysicochemical PhenomenaCross ReactionsElectrophoresisDNA, ComplementaryImmunoglobulin GChymotrypsinEndopeptidasesAnion Exchange ResinsCyanogen BromideLysineChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalKidneyMannoseLimit of DetectionEdetic AcidSaccharomyces cerevisiaeProteomicsAdsorptionGlycosidesImmunoblottingImmune SeraSensitivity and SpecificityPlant ExtractsGalactoseZincMethanolTumor Cells, CulturedHeLa CellsGlycolipidsRNA, MessengerSolid Phase ExtractionProtein EngineeringDurapatiteModels, BiologicalSpectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom BombardmentSerum Albumin
LigandProteinsElutionPreparativeIonsIMACMass SpectrometryExchange ChromatographyHPLCAntibodiesProtein purificationAntibodyImmunoaffinity ChromatographyHeparin2016ColumnsSeparationSerumSelectiveSepharoseMethodsColumnPrinciplesHighCAGRBiological
Ligand5
Proteins16
Elution1
  • Binding to the solid phase may be achieved by column chromatography whereby the solid medium is packed onto a column, the initial mixture run through the column to allow setting, a wash buffer run through the column and the elution buffer subsequently applied to the column and collected. (academic.ru)
Preparative2
Ions1
IMAC4
Mass Spectrometry1
Exchange Chromatography1
HPLC1
Antibodies4
Protein purification2
Antibody1
Immunoaffinity Chromatography3
Heparin1
20161
Columns8
Separation1
Serum1
Selective3
Sepharose1
  • Krusius, T., Finne, J., and Rauvala, H. (1976) The structural basis of the different affinities of two types of acidic N-glycosidic glycopeptides from concanavalin A-Sepharose. (springer.com)
Methods6
  • Organized into six parts encompassing 82 chapters, the book begins by examining the growing synergism between affinity methods and the understanding and study of basic principles of biological recognition. (elsevier.com)
  • The book then focuses on the trends and progress in the design and application of affinity methods for isolation, therapeutics, diagnostics, and biotechnology. (elsevier.com)
  • This volume will be a stimulus for broad and creative application of affinity concepts and methods in many fields of biomedical research and biotechnology. (elsevier.com)
  • David S. Hage from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA, has recently developed a series of methods using affinity chromatography and related techniques for this purpose. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • In recent years, affinity chromatography and HPAC have also seen considerable growth as methods for the analysis of specific compounds in biological samples and as tools for studying biological interactions. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Outcomes of comparative evaluations of enrichment methods for phosphopeptides depend highly on the experimental protocols used, the operator, the source of the affinity matrix, and the samples analyzed. (uu.nl)
Column3
Principles1
High1
CAGR1
Biological1
Synthesis of C5-dicarboxylic acids from C2-units involving crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase: The ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway |...
Synthesis of C5-dicarboxylic acids from C2-units involving crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase: The ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway |... (pnas.org)
Affinity Chromatography - Methods and Protocols | Senta Reichelt | Springer
Affinity Chromatography - Methods and Protocols | Senta Reichelt | Springer (springer.com)
Chromatography Media Selection
Chromatography Media Selection (news-medical.net)
Bioengineering | Free Full-Text | Human Cell Line-Derived Monoclonal IgA Antibodies for Cancer Immunotherapy | HTML
Bioengineering | Free Full-Text | Human Cell Line-Derived Monoclonal IgA Antibodies for Cancer Immunotherapy | HTML (mdpi.com)
Calmodulin-like protein AtCML3 mediates dimerization of peroxisomal processing protease AtDEG15 and contributes to normal...
Calmodulin-like protein AtCML3 mediates dimerization of peroxisomal processing protease AtDEG15 and contributes to normal... (link.springer.com)
Pharmaceutical & Biopharmaceutical | Lyophilization | Peristaltic Pump Tubing | Fluid Transfer & Sampling | Gore
Pharmaceutical & Biopharmaceutical | Lyophilization | Peristaltic Pump Tubing | Fluid Transfer & Sampling | Gore (gore.com)
Plus it
Plus it (mcponline.org)
Affinity Enrichment and Characterization of Mucin Core-1 Type Glycopeptides from Bovine Serum | Molecular & Cellular Proteomics
Affinity Enrichment and Characterization of Mucin Core-1 Type Glycopeptides from Bovine Serum | Molecular & Cellular Proteomics (mcponline.org)
State of the Art of Therapeutic Endocrinology | IntechOpen
State of the Art of Therapeutic Endocrinology | IntechOpen (intechopen.com)
Affinity Chromatography vs. Protein A/G Purification
Affinity Chromatography vs. Protein A/G Purification (news-medical.net)
Affinity Chromatography for Vaccines Purification
Affinity Chromatography for Vaccines Purification (brighttalk.com)
Furin Targeted Drug Delivery for Treatment of Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Mouse Model
Furin Targeted Drug Delivery for Treatment of Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Mouse Model (journals.plos.org)
Frontiers | Saccharomyces cerevisiae Differential Functionalization of Presumed ScALT1 and ScALT2 Alanine Transaminases Has...
Frontiers | Saccharomyces cerevisiae Differential Functionalization of Presumed ScALT1 and ScALT2 Alanine Transaminases Has... (frontiersin.org)
Quantitative In Silico Chromatography (RSC Publishing) Toshihiko Hanai
Quantitative In Silico Chromatography (RSC Publishing) Toshihiko Hanai (pubs.rsc.org)
Starch Biosynthetic Enzymes from Developing Maize Endosperm Associate in Multisubunit Complexes | Plant Physiology
Starch Biosynthetic Enzymes from Developing Maize Endosperm Associate in Multisubunit Complexes | Plant Physiology (plantphysiol.org)
Plus it
Plus it (plantphysiol.org)
Large-scale Identification of Tubulin-binding Proteins Provides Insight on Subcellular Trafficking, Metabolic Channeling, and...
Large-scale Identification of Tubulin-binding Proteins Provides Insight on Subcellular Trafficking, Metabolic Channeling, and... (mcponline.org)
In Vivo Identification of Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes Interacting with PHOTOSYSTEM II SUBUNIT S | Plant Physiology
In Vivo Identification of Photosystem II Light Harvesting Complexes Interacting with PHOTOSYSTEM II SUBUNIT S | Plant Physiology (plantphysiol.org)
Chromatography Media
Chromatography Media (fishersci.com)
Protein Purification Protocols | SpringerLink
Protein Purification Protocols | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Frontiers | Elongated Hypocotyl 5-Homolog (HYH) Negatively Regulates Expression of the Ambient Temperature-Responsive MicroRNA...
Frontiers | Elongated Hypocotyl 5-Homolog (HYH) Negatively Regulates Expression of the Ambient Temperature-Responsive MicroRNA... (frontiersin.org)
Affinity chromatography | chemistry | Britannica
Affinity chromatography | chemistry | Britannica (britannica.com)
The Magnesium-Chelatase H Subunit Binds Abscisic Acid and Functions in Abscisic Acid Signaling: New Evidence in Arabidopsis |...
The Magnesium-Chelatase H Subunit Binds Abscisic Acid and Functions in Abscisic Acid Signaling: New Evidence in Arabidopsis |... (plantphysiol.org)
YB-1 regulates stress granule formation and tumor progression by translationally activating G3BP1 | JCB
YB-1 regulates stress granule formation and tumor progression by translationally activating G3BP1 | JCB (jcb.rupress.org)
Purification and Characterization of Two Mannan-Binding Lectins from Mouse Serum | The Journal of Immunology
Purification and Characterization of Two Mannan-Binding Lectins from Mouse Serum | The Journal of Immunology (jimmunol.org)
The detection of drugs by histochemical procedures | SpringerLink
The detection of drugs by histochemical procedures | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
PI3K regulates endocytosis after insulin secretion by mediating signaling crosstalk between Arf6 and Rab27a | Journal of Cell...
PI3K regulates endocytosis after insulin secretion by mediating signaling crosstalk between Arf6 and Rab27a | Journal of Cell... (jcs.biologists.org)
Multiple reaction monitoring for robust quantitative proteomic analysis of cellular signaling networks | PNAS
Multiple reaction monitoring for robust quantitative proteomic analysis of cellular signaling networks | PNAS (pnas.org)
Applications of Advanced Omics Technologies: From Genes to Metabolites, Volume 64 - 1st Edition
Applications of Advanced Omics Technologies: From Genes to Metabolites, Volume 64 - 1st Edition (elsevier.com)
Analysis of phosphorylation sites on proteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by electron transfer dissociation (ETD) mass...
Analysis of phosphorylation sites on proteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by electron transfer dissociation (ETD) mass... (pnas.org)