Chondroitin Sulfates
Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate.
Chondroitin
Chondroitin Lyases
Enzymes which catalyze the elimination of delta-4,5-D-glucuronate residues from polysaccharides containing 1,4-beta-hexosaminyl and 1,3-beta-D-glucuronosyl or 1,3-alpha-L-iduronosyl linkages thereby bringing about depolymerization. EC 4.2.2.4 acts on chondroitin sulfate A and C as well as on dermatan sulfate and slowly on hyaluronate. EC 4.2.2.5 acts on chondroitin sulfate A and C.
Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans
Chondroitin ABC Lyase
Glycosaminoglycans
Dermatan Sulfate
Hyaluronic Acid
Cartilage
Heparitin Sulfate
Keratan Sulfate
A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. At least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains D-galactose and D-glucosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains D-galactose and D-galactosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit.
Sulfotransferases
Hyaluronoglucosaminidase
Versicans
Aggrecans
Uronic Acids
N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases
Sulfur Radioisotopes
Extracellular Matrix Proteins
Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ).
Heparin
A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.
Oligosaccharides
Sharks
Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate
3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Key intermediate in the formation by living cells of sulfate esters of phenols, alcohols, steroids, sulfated polysaccharides, and simple esters, such as choline sulfate. It is formed from sulfate ion and ATP in a two-step process. This compound also is an important step in the process of sulfur fixation in plants and microorganisms.
Decorin
A small leucine-rich proteoglycan that interacts with FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and modifies the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX structure of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. Decorin has also been shown to play additional roles in the regulation of cellular responses to GROWTH FACTORS. The protein contains a single glycosaminoglycan chain and is similar in structure to BIGLYCAN.
Sulfuric Acids
Carbohydrate Sequence
Lectins, C-Type
Chromatography, Gel
Chondrosarcoma
A slowly growing malignant neoplasm derived from cartilage cells, occurring most frequently in pelvic bones or near the ends of long bones, in middle-aged and old people. Most chondrosarcomas arise de novo, but some may develop in a preexisting benign cartilaginous lesion or in patients with ENCHONDROMATOSIS. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Iduronic Acid
Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans
Ubiquitous macromolecules associated with the cell surface and extracellular matrix of a wide range of cells of vertebrate and invertebrate tissues. They are essential cofactors in cell-matrix adhesion processes, in cell-cell recognition systems, and in receptor-growth factor interactions. (From Cancer Metastasis Rev 1996; 15(2): 177-86; Hepatology 1996; 24(3): 524-32)
Zygnematales
Rhinometry, Acoustic
Epiphyses
Chick Embryo
Polysaccharide-Lyases
Sulfur Isotopes
Chromatography, Ion Exchange
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Glucuronic Acid
Glycosyltransferases
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of glycosyl groups to an acceptor. Most often another carbohydrate molecule acts as an acceptor, but inorganic phosphate can also act as an acceptor, such as in the case of PHOSPHORYLASES. Some of the enzymes in this group also catalyze hydrolysis, which can be regarded as transfer of a glycosyl group from the donor to water. Subclasses include the HEXOSYLTRANSFERASES; PENTOSYLTRANSFERASES; SIALYLTRANSFERASES; and those transferring other glycosyl groups. EC 2.4.
Cattle
Bacteroides
Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate
Cells, Cultured
Chondro-4-Sulfatase
Extracellular Matrix
Cartilage, Articular
Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid
A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which serves as a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. It may also be epimerized to UDP iduronic acid, which donates iduronic acid to polysaccharides. In animals, UDP glucuronic acid is used for formation of many glucosiduronides with various aglycones.
Biglycan
Heparin Lyase
An enzyme of the isomerase class that catalyzes the eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing 1,4-linked D-glucuronate or L-iduronate residues and 1,4-alpha-linked 2-sulfoamino-2-deoxy-6-sulfo-D-glucose residues to give oligosaccharides with terminal 4-deoxy-alpha-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.2.2.7.
Mast-Cell Sarcoma
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Amino Acid Sequence
Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic
Nasal Septum
Nitrous Acid
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Chondroitinsulfatases
SLC4A Proteins
Bicarbonate transporters that move BICARBONATE IONS in exchange of CHLORIDE IONS or SODIUM IONS across membranes. They regulate acid-base HOMEOSTASIS, cell volume and intracellular pH. Members include CHLORIDE-BICARBONATE ANTIPORTERS (SLC4A1, 2, 3, and 9); SODIUM-COUPLED BICARBONATE TRANSPORTERS (SLC4A4 and 5, 7, 8 and 10); and a sodium borate cotransporter (SLC4A11 protein).
Monosaccharides
Laryngeal Cartilages
Uridine Diphosphate Xylose
Chromatography
Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.
Protein Binding
Substrate Specificity
Tenascin
Hexameric extracellular matrix glycoprotein transiently expressed in many developing organs and often re-expressed in tumors. It is present in the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in smooth muscle and tendons. (From Kreis & Vale, Guidebook to the Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Proteins, 1993, p93)
Glucuronates
Chromatography, Paper
Proteus vulgaris
Glucuronosyltransferase
Alpha-Globulins
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.
Antigens, CD44
Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)
Genome Components
Neurites
In tissue culture, hairlike projections of neurons stimulated by growth factors and other molecules. These projections may go on to form a branched tree of dendrites or a single axon or they may be reabsorbed at a later stage of development. "Neurite" may refer to any filamentous or pointed outgrowth of an embryonal or tissue-culture neural cell.
Hymecromone
Trypsin Inhibitor, Kunitz Soybean
Glycoproteins
Neurocan
Carbohydrates
Tropical Climate
Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine
Viscosity
Placenta
A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).
Plasmodium falciparum
Syndecans
A family of transmembrane glycoproteins that contain a short cytoplasmic domain, a single-span transmembrane domain, and an extracellular domain with heparin sulfate and CHONDROITIN SULFATE chains. Syndecans interact with a variety of heparin-binding INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS and may play a role in modulating cellular signaling during EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT, tumorigenesis, and angiogenesis.
Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylgalactosamine
Drug Contamination
Alcian Blue
Connective Tissue
Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose
Chromatography, Agarose
Chemistry
Chromatography, Affinity
Chemical Phenomena
Pentosyltransferases
Amino Acids
Whales
Large marine mammals of the order CETACEA. In the past, they were commercially valued for whale oil, for their flesh as human food and in ANIMAL FEED and FERTILIZERS, and for baleen. Today, there is a moratorium on most commercial whaling, as all species are either listed as endangered or threatened.
Electrophoresis, Paper
Electrophoresis
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Decapodiformes
Mast Cells
Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.
Fibroblasts
Galactosyltransferases
Cloning, Molecular
Papain
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Distribution of chondroitin sulfate in cartilage proteoglycans under associative conditions. (1/460)
Proteoglycan aggregates and proteoglycan subunits were extracted from bovine articular cartilage with guanidine-HC1 folowed by fractionation by equilibrium centrifugation in cesium chloride density gradients. The distribution of chondroitin sulfates (CS) in the cartilage proteoglycans was studied at the disaccharide level by digestion with chondroitinases. In the proteoglycan aggregate fraction, it was observed that the proportion of 4-sulfated disaccharide units to total CS increased from the bottom to the top fractions, whereas that of 6-sulfated disaccharide units was in the reverse order. Thus, the ratio of 4-sulfated disaccharide units to 6-sulfated disaccharide units increased significantly with decreasing density. The proportion of non-sulfated disaccharide units to total CS tended to increase with increasing density. These data indicate a polydisperse distribution of CS chains, under the conditions used here, in proteoglycan aggregates from bovine articular cartilage. (+info)Sulfate incorporation from ascorbate 2-sulfate into chondroitin sulfate by embryonic chick cartilage epiphyses. (2/460)
Radioactivity was significantly incorporated from ascorbate 2-[35S]sulfate into chondroitin sulfate by embryonic chick cartilage epiphyses. The extent of incorporation was comparable with that from inorganic [35S]sulfate. The radioactive chondroitin sulfate formed from ascorbate 2-[35S]sulfate gave two radioactive disaccharides on chondroitinase-ABC [EC 4.2.2.4] digestion. The incorporation was markedly decreased by inorganic sulfate. The time course of incorporation from ascorbate 2-[35S]sulfate and inorganic [35S]sulfate into chondroitin sulfate and the constituent disaccharides suggest that the incorporation rates from the two radioactive substances are different. (+info)Chondroitin sulphation patterns in synovial fluid in osteoarthritis subsets. (3/460)
OBJECTIVES: To determine concentrations of chondroitin sulphate (CS) disaccharides in knee synovial fluid (SF) from normal subjects and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to test whether these variables differ between different diseases and subsets of OA. METHODS: OA was subdivided into large joint OA (LJOA), nodal generalised OA (NGOA), and OA with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPA), with 25, 9, and 11 people in each subset respectively. The SF of 13 normal subjects was also volunteered for analysis along with 15 RA patients. Clinical assessment of inflammation (0-6) was undertaken on OA and RA knees. Concentrations of unsaturated CS disaccharides Deltadi6S and Deltadi4S were measured by capillary zone electrophoresis. RESULTS: Concentrations of Deltadi6S were lower in RA (5.90 ng/ml) and OA (13.24 ng/ml) fluids compared with normal (21.0 ng/ml) but no significant differences were seen between disease and normal fluids for Deltadi4S (about 4-6 ng/ml). The ratio of Deltadi6S:Deltadi4S were RACombined effect of Interceed and 5-fluorouracil on delayed adjustable strabismus surgery. (4/460)
AIMS/BACKGROUND: To discover a more reliable method of performing delayed suture adjustment as a basis to investigate whether delayed adjustment actually provides more stable results. In order to prevent the formation of postoperative adhesions and delay the time of adjustment, an animal study was performed to determine the combined effect of physical barriers, Viscoat and Interceed, and a pharmacological agent, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). METHODS: 38 rabbit eyes were divided into three groups. After recession of the superior rectus muscle (SRM), 5-FU was applied beneath and over the SRM in group 5-FU. Group I-f had Interceed and 5-FU and group I-fv, Interceed, 5-FU, and Viscoat. Delayed adjustment was performed once on each SRM at 1, 2, and 3 weeks postoperatively. The possible length and the necessary force to adjust as well as the degree of adhesions were recorded. RESULTS: 5-FU delayed the adjustment for up to 1 week after surgery in three out of four eyes. Combined use of Interceed and 5-FU could delay the adjustment for up to 1 week after surgery in three out of five eyes. Addition of Viscoat could delay the adjustment for up to 1 week after surgery in four out of five eyes. Adjustment was possible on only one of four eyes thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: Combined use of Interceed, 5-FU, and Viscoat could delay the adjustment in rabbits until 1 week postoperatively. (+info)Purification and characterization of fetal bovine serum beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase and beta-D-glucuronyltransferase involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis. (5/460)
beta-N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II and beta-glucuronyltransferase II, involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis, transfer an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and glucuronic acid (GlcA) residue, respectively, through beta-linkages to an acceptor chondroitin oligosaccharide derived from the repeating disaccharide region of chondroitin sulfate. They were copurified from fetal bovine serum approximately 2500-fold and 850-fold, respectively, by sequential chromatographies on Red A-agarose, phenyl-Sepharose, S-Sepharose and wheat germ agglutinin-agarose. Identical and inseparable chromatographic profiles of both glycosyltransferase activities obtained through the above chromatographic steps and gel filtration suggest that the purified enzyme activities are tightly coupled, which could imply a single enzyme with dual transferase activities; beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and beta-glucuronyltransferase, reminiscent of the heparan sulfate polymerase reaction. However, when a polymerization reaction was performed in vitro with the purified serum enzyme preparation under the polymerization conditions recently developed for the chondroitin-synthesizing system, derived from human melanoma cells, each monosaccharide transfer took place, but no polymerization occurred. These results may suggest that the purified serum enzyme preparation contains both beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II and beta-glucuronyltransferase II activities on a single polypeptide or on the respective polypeptides forming an enzyme complex, but is different from that obtained from melanoma cells in that it transfers a single GalNAc or GlcA residue but does not polymerize chondroitin. (+info)Demonstration of glycosaminoglycans in Caenorhabditis elegans. (6/460)
A considerable amount (approximately 1.6 microg from 1 mg of dried nematode) of non-sulfated chondroitin, two orders of magnitude less yet an appreciable amount of heparan sulfate, and no hyaluronate were found in Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. The chondroitin chains were heterogeneous in size, being shorter than that of whale cartilage chondroitin sulfate. The disaccharide composition analysis of heparan sulfate revealed diverse sulfation including glucosamine 2-N-sulfation, glucosamine 6-O-sulfation and uronate 2-O-sulfation. These results imply that chondroitin and heparan sulfate are involved in fundamental biological processes. (+info)Microanalysis of enzyme digests of hyaluronan and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE). (7/460)
Hyaluronan and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate are glycosaminoglycans that play major roles in the biomechanical properties of a wide variety of tissues, including cartilage. A chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chain can be divided into three regions: (1) a single linkage region oligosaccharide, through which the chain is attached to its proteoglycan core protein, (2) numerous internal repeat disaccharides, which comprise the bulk of the chain, and (3) a single nonreducing terminal saccharide structure. Each of these regions of a chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chain has its own level of microheterogeneity of structure, which varies with proteoglycan class, tissue source, species, and pathology. We have developed rapid, simple, and sensitive protocols for detection, characterization and quantitation of the saccharide structures from the internal disaccharide and nonreducing terminal regions of hyaluronan and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chains. These protocols rely on the generation of saccharide structures with free reducing groups by specific enzymatic treatments (hyaluronidase/chondroitinase) which are then quantitatively tagged though their free reducing groups with the fluorescent reporter, 2-aminoacridone. These saccharide structures are further characterized by modification through additional enzymatic (sulfatase) or chemical (mercuric ion) treatments. After separation by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis, the relative fluorescence in each band is quantitated with a cooled, charge-coupled device camera for analysis. Specifically, the digestion products identified are (1) unsaturated internal Deltadisaccharides including DeltaDiHA, DeltaDi0S, DeltaDi2S, DeltaDi4S, DeltaDi6S, DeltaDi2,4S, DeltaDi2,6S, DeltaDi4,6S, and DeltaDi2,4,6S; (2) saturated nonreducing terminal disaccharides including DiHA, Di0S, Di4S and Di6S; and (3) nonreducing terminal hexosamines including glcNAc, galNAc, 4S-galNAc, 6S-galNAc, and 4, 6S-galNAc. (+info)Glycosaminoglycan conformation: do aqueous molecular dynamics simulations agree with x-ray fiber diffraction? (8/460)
Glycosaminoglycan-protein interactions are biologically important and require an appreciation of glycan molecular shape in solution, which is presently unavailable. In previous studies we found strong similarity between aqueous molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and published x-ray diffraction refinements of hyaluronan. We have applied a similar approach here to chondroitin and dermatan, attempting to clarify some of the issues raised by the x-ray diffraction literature relating to chondroitin and dermatan sulfate. We predict that chondroitin has the same beta(1-->4) linkage conformation as hyaluronan, and that their average beta(1-->3) conformations differ. This is explained by changes in hydrogen-bonding across this linkage, resulting from its axial hydroxyl, causing a different sampling of left-handed helices in chondroitin (2.5- to 3.5-fold) as compared with hyaluronan (3.0- to 4.0-fold). Few right-handed helices, which lack intramolecular hydrogen-bonds, were sampled during our MD simulations. Thus, we propose that the 8-fold helix observed in chondroitin-6-sulfate, represented in the literature as an 8(3) helix (right-handed), though it has never been refined, is more likely to be 8(5) (left-handed) helix. Molecular dynamics simulations implied that (4)C(1) and (2)S(O), but not (1)C(4), forms of iduronate could be used in refinements of dermatan x-ray fiber diffraction patterns. Current models of 8-fold dermatan sulfate chains containing (4)C(1) iduronate refine to right-handed helices, which possess no intramolecular hydrogen-bonds. However, MD simulations predict that models containing (2)S(O) iduronate could provide better (8(5) helix) starting structures for refinement. Thus, the 8-fold dermatan sulfate refinement (8(3) helix) could be in error. (+info)
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Extracellular matrix
Chondroitin sulfate[edit]. Chondroitin sulfates contribute to the tensile strength of cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and walls ...
Osteoarthritis
A 2015 Cochrane review of clinical trials of chondroitin found that most were of low quality, but that there was some evidence ... Chondroitin Sulfate Concentration and Chain Length, Water, and Ash Content". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 45 (7): ... The review noted a high-quality, two-year clinical trial comparing ASU to chondroitin - which has uncertain efficacy in ... Vangsness CT, Spiker W, Erickson J (January 2009). "A review of evidence-based medicine for glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate ...
NHS treatments blacklist
Glucosamine and chondroitin. Lutein and antioxidants. Oxycodone and naloxone. Homeopathy items. Herbal medicines. 7 items which ...
Proteoglycan
heparan /chondroitin sulfate testican, 44 kDa perlecan, 400-470 kDa chondroitin sulfate bikunin, 25 kDa neurocan, 136 kDa. ... chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate decorin, 36 kDa. biglycan, 38 kDa versican, 260-370 kDa, present in many adult tissues ... chondroitin sulfate-GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-PROTEIN). The Ser residue is generally in the sequence -Ser-Gly-X-Gly- (where X can be any ...
Glycosaminoglycan
Chondroitin sulfate. GlcUA or GlcUA(2S). GalNAc or GalNAc(4S) or GalNAc(6S) or GalNAc(4S,6S). 'GlcUAβ1-3'GalNAcβ1-4. Most ... Chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate, which comprise CSGAGs, are differentiated from each other by the presence of GlcA and ... Distinguished from chondroitin sulfate by the presence of iduronic acid, although some hexuronic acid monosaccharides may be ... For example, with regards to stem cells, hyaluronan, along with chondroitin sulfate, helps to form the stem cell niche. Stem ...
Galactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-galactosyltransferase
Schwartz NB, Roden L (1975). "Biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate. Solubilization of chondroitin sulfate glycosyltransferases ... This enzyme participates in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis and glycan structures - biosynthesis 1. It employs one cofactor, ... Robinson JA, Robinson HC (1985). "Initiation of chondroitin sulphate synthesis by beta-D-galactosides Substrates for ...
Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase
Helting T, Roden L (1969). "Biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate. II. Glucuronosyl transfer in the formation of the carbohydrate ... This enzyme participates in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis and glycan structures - biosynthesis 1. It employs one cofactor, ...
B3GAT1
Pedersen LC, Tsuchida K, Kitagawa H, Sugahara K, Darden TA, Negishi M (Nov 2000). "Heparan/chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis. ...
Xylosylprotein 4-beta-galactosyltransferase
Schwartz NB, Roden L (1975). "Biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate. Solubilization of chondroitin sulfate glycosyltransferases ... This enzyme participates in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis and glycan structures - biosynthesis 1. It employs one cofactor, ...
CHPF
"Molecular cloning of a chondroitin polymerizing factor that cooperates with chondroitin synthase for chondroitin polymerization ... Chondroitin sulfate synthase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHPF gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... "Entrez Gene: CHPF chondroitin polymerizing factor". Human CHPF genome location and CHPF gene details page in the UCSC Genome ... 2003). "Chondroitin sulfate synthase-2. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel human glycosyltransferase homologous ...
B3GAT3
2000). "Heparan/chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis. Structure and mechanism of human glucuronyltransferase I". J. Biol. Chem. 275 ...
CHSY1
"Molecular cloning of a chondroitin polymerizing factor that cooperates with chondroitin synthase for chondroitin polymerization ... Chondroitin sulfate synthase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHSY1 gene. CHSY1 synthesizes chondroitin sulfate ... Kitagawa H, Uyama T, Sugahara K (Oct 2001). "Molecular cloning and expression of a human chondroitin synthase". J Biol Chem. ... 2003). "Chondroitin sulfate synthase-3. Molecular cloning and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (41): 39711-25. doi:10.1074 ...
Protein xylosyltransferase
This enzyme participates in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and glycan structures. XYLT1 XYLT2 Xylosyltransferase ... Stoolmiller AC, Horwitz AL, Dorfman A (1972). "Biosynthesis of the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. Purification and ...
CSPG4
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4, also known as melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MCSP) or neuron-glial ... "Entrez Gene: CSPG4 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4". Nishiyama A, Dahlin KJ, Prince JT, Johnstone SR, Stallcup WB (July 1991 ... Yang J, Price MA, Neudauer CL, Wilson C, Ferrone S, Xia H, Iida J, Simpson MA, McCarthy JB (June 2004). "Melanoma chondroitin ... Iida J, Meijne AM, Oegema TR, Yednock TA, Kovach NL, Furcht LT, McCarthy JB (March 1998). "A role of chondroitin sulfate ...
Aging in dogs
"Chondroitin Sulfate and Glucosamine Supplements in Osteoarthritis". Retrieved November 22, 2017. Roush, James K.; Cross, Alan R ... Good sources of protein to meet higher protein requirements Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate to help maintain joint and bone ...
N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase
This enzyme is also called chondroitin glucuronyltransferase II. This enzyme participates in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis ... DeAngelis PL, Padgett-McCue AJ (2000). "Identification and molecular cloning of a chondroitin synthase from Pasteurella ... "Molecular cloning and expression of a human chondroitin synthase". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (42): 38721-6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106871200 ... "Molecular cloning and characterization of chondroitin polymerase from Escherichia coli strain K4". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (24): ...
CHST12
"Entrez Gene: CHST12 carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 12". Human CHST12 genome location and CHST12 gene details ... 2003). "Specificities of three distinct human chondroitin/dermatan N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulfotransferases demonstrated ... "Molecular cloning and expression of two distinct human chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferases that belong to the HNK-1 ...
Heparan sulfate
The pathways for HS/heparin or chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) biosynthesis diverge after the formation of ... The antibody binds heparan sulfate, not chondroitin sulfate. The binding of HS20 to heparan sulfate requires sulfation at both ...
Chondro-4-sulfatase
This enzyme is also called chondroitin-4-sulfatase. Held E, Buddecke E (1967). "[Studies on the chemistry of the arterial wall ... Demonstration, purification and properties of a chondroitin-4-sulfatase from bovine aorta]". Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. ...
ChGn
"Enzymatic synthesis of chondroitin with a novel chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase that transfers N- ... "Chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-1 plays a critical role in chondroitin sulfate synthesis in cartilage". ... Chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CSGALNACT1 gene. A form ... "Entrez Gene: ChGn chondroitin beta1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase". Mizumoto S, Janecke AR, Sadeghpour A, Povysil G, ...
CHST11
Yamada T, Ohtake S, Sato M, Habuchi O (Dec 2004). "Chondroitin 4-sulphotransferase-1 and chondroitin 6-sulphotransferase-1 are ... Mikami T, Mizumoto S, Kago N, Kitagawa H, Sugahara K (Sep 2003). "Specificities of three distinct human chondroitin/dermatan N- ... "Entrez Gene: CHST11 carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 11". Zeggini E, Panoutsopoulou K, Southam L, Rayner NW, Day- ... chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 11 (CHST11) gene in a B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia with a t(12;14)(q23;q32)". Oncogene. ...
Glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-b-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
Kitagawa H, Uyama T, Sugahara K (October 2001). "Molecular cloning and expression of a human chondroitin synthase". The Journal ... DeAngelis PL, Padgett-McCue AJ (August 2000). "Identification and molecular cloning of a chondroitin synthase from Pasteurella ... uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-chondroitin acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N- ... N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-proteoglycan This enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate. Rohrmann K, ...
NG2 proteoglycan
The core NG2 molecule is approximately 300 kDa and the addition of at least one chondroitin sulfate molecule results in a ... "Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans: inhibitory components of the glial scar." Prog Brain Res. 2001;132:611-9. PMID 11545024. ... "NG2 is a major chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan produced after spinal cord injury and is expressed by macrophages and ... "Increased expression of the NG2 chondroitin-sulfate proteoglycan after brain injury." J. Neurosci. 1994 Aug;14(8):4716-30. PMID ...
Chondroprotection
Endogenous molecules include hyaluronic acid, glucosamine, and chondroitin sulfate. Felson, David T.; Kim, Young-Jo (2007). " ...
Perineuronal net
PNNs are composed of a condensed matrix of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, molecules that consist of a core protein and a ... Extracellular matrix Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans Critical period Synaptic plasticity Flores, CE; Méndez, P (2014). " ... Galtrey, C. M.; Fawcett, J. W. (2007). "The role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in regeneration and plasticity in the ... They are largely negatively charged and composed of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, molecules that play a key role in ...
Glucosamine
DiNubile N (July 2018). "Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate: What Has Been Learned Since the Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis ... When given as a single oral dose (9 g) with or without chondroitin sulfate (3 g) to ten horses, glucosamine (hydrochloride) was ... Chitobiose Chitosan Chondroitin sulfate Methylsulfonylmethane Pigman WW, Horton D, Wander JD (1980). The Carbohydrates. Vol IB ... "21st Century Glucosamine/Chondroitin Triple Strength Class Action Lawsuit". www.topclassactions.com. 2012-09-14. Retrieved June ...
CD97
... chondroitin sulfate B with the fourth EGF-like domain; α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins with an RGD downstream the EGF-like domains; and ...
Heparinoid
Current USP standards for heparin limit levels of contamination with dermatan, chondroitin, and over-sulfated chondroitin ... Chondroitin sulfate shows slightly less biological activity than dermatan sulfate, and is composed of O-sulfated N-acetyl-D- ... USP Safety Data Sheet: Heparin Sodium with Oversulfated Chondroitin Sulfate. http://static.usp.org/pdf/EN/referenceStandards/ ...
Malassezia pachydermatis
Within infected tissues, this yeast produces several enzymes such as proteinase, phospholipase, hyaluronidase and chondroitin- ... Coutinho, S.D.; Paula, C.R. (2000). "Proteinase, phospholipase, hyaluronidase and chondroitin-sulphatase production by ...
CHST7
Kitagawa H, Fujita M, Ito N, Sugahara K (Aug 2000). "Molecular cloning and expression of a novel chondroitin 6-O- ... 2001). "Sulfation of N-acetylglucosamine by chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase 2 (GST-5)". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (51): 40226-34. doi: ... They create considerable structural diversity among chondroitin sulfates by transferring sulfate with remarkable specificity ... Sulfotransferases generate sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) moieties during chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis. ...
Pharmaceutical-grade Chondroitin sulfate is as effective as celecoxib and superior to placebo in symptomatic knee...
Chondroitin sulfate 800 mg/day (CS) pharmaceutical-grade in the management of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis consistent with ... Pharmaceutical-grade Chondroitin sulfate is as effective as celecoxib and superior to placebo in symptomatic knee ... Pharmaceutical-grade Chondroitin sulfate is as effective as celecoxib and superior to placebo in symptomatic knee ... Pharmaceutical-grade Chondroitin sulfate is as effective as celecoxib and superior to placebo in symptomatic knee ...
What is chondroitin?
as a supplement in higher doses than is found naturally, chondroitin is a popular treatment for osteoa ... chondroitin is a substance that occurs naturally in the connective tissues of people and animals. ... What is chondroitin?. ANSWER Chondroitin is a substance that occurs naturally in the connective tissues of people and animals. ... As a supplement in higher doses than is found naturally, chondroitin is a popular treatment for osteoarthritis. ...
Chondroitin Sulfate: MedlinePlus Supplements
Chondroitin sulfate is a chemical found in human and animal cartilage. It is commonly used by mouth with glucosamine or other ... Chondroitin Sulfate A, Chondroitin Sulfates, Chondroitin Sulfate B, Chondroitin Sulfate C, Chondroitin Sulphates, Chondroitin ... Calcium Chondroitin Sulfate, CDS, Chondroitin, Chondroitin Polysulfate, Chondroitin Polysulphate, ... Glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfates. Hosp Pharm 1997;32:1275-85.. *Mazieres B, Loyau G, Menkes CJ, et al. [Chondroitin ...
Glucosamine, Chondroitin for Osteoarthritis Pain
Glucosamine and Chondroitin for Osteoarthritis Pain Glucosamine and chondroitin are popular supplements used to treat ... What Are Glucosamine and Chondroitin? Glucosamine and chondroitin are natural compounds found in healthy cartilage -- the ... Glucosamine and Chondroitin for Osteoarthritis Pain Research is mixed on whether these supplements help with arthritis pain and ... Some find chondroitin to be superior, others favor glucosamine, while still others prefer a combination of the two. "Evidence ...
Glucosamine, chondroitin don't benefit arthritis
I dont really know if its done much for my dog, a mutt, but a review of 10 studies of glucosamine and chondroitin in humans ... I have two bottles of glucosamine and chondroitin on top of my refrigerator for my dog, who has terrible arthritis in her hind ... Glucosamine, chondroitin dont benefit arthritis Updated: September 20, 2010 - 8:42 AM EDT * ... I have two bottles of glucosamine and chondroitin on top of my refrigerator for my dog, who has terrible arthritis in her hind ...
Chondroitin - Drugs.com
A list of US medications equivalent to Chondroitin is available on the Drugs.com website. ... Chondroitin is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. ... Ingredient matches for Chondroitin. Chondroitin Sulfate Sodium. Chondroitin Sulfate Sodium is reported as an ingredient of ... Chondroitin. In the US, Chondroitin (chondroitin systemic) is a member of the drug class nutraceutical products and is used to ...
Chondroitin - Wikipedia
A chondroitin is a chondrin derivative. Types include: Chondroitin sulfate Dermatan sulfate Chondroitin as a supplement is now ... Chondroitins effect toward the articular cartilage integrity as it is part of the proteoglycan molecules. The cartilage ... Research has been conducted to show the effectiveness of chondroitin and results indicate that it helps to manage pain in knee ... Chondroitin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Vasiliadis, Haris S; Tsikopoulos, ...
Chondroitin ineffective for osteoarthritis - UPI.com
A European meta-analysis found that chondroitin, a dietary supplement used to treat osteoarthritis, is ineffective but not ... Twenty studies that compared chondroitin to placebo or no treatment were examined, and the researchers found that chondroitin ... If patients say that they benefit from chondroitin, I see no harm in encouraging them to continue taking it as long as they ... BERN, Switzerland, April 17 (UPI) -- A European meta-analysis found that chondroitin, a dietary supplement used to treat ...
Glucosamine and Chondroitin Supplements
... chondroitin supplements online at CVS. Read reviews & find great deals now! ... Glucosamine Chondroitin Benefits. In the body, glucosamine and chondroitin are needed for healthy joints. Both materials play a ... Most chondroitin supplements contain chondroitin sulfate derived from shark or cow cartilage. Glucosamine supplements may ... What Is Glucosamine Chondroitin?. Glucosamine is a substance that is naturally found in the fluid surrounding the joints. ...
Chondroitin sulfate - Wikipedia
"Chondroitin sulfate B" is an old name for dermatan sulfate, and it is no longer classified as a form of chondroitin sulfate. ... Furthermore, marine chondroitin sulfate chains tend to be longer, with molecular weight of up to 70 kDa in chondroitin sulfate ... Chondroitin sulfate is not metabolized by cytochrome P450. The effect of chondroitin sulfate in people with osteoarthritis is ... Chondroitin sulfate is highly soluble in water. Chondroitin sulfate was originally isolated well before the structure was ...
Chondroitin proteoglycan-2 (P41996) | InterPro | EMBL-EBI
InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.
Chondroitin sulfate-E mediates estrogen-induced osteoanabolism | Scientific Reports
Here, we show that estrogen-induced, osteoanabolic effects were mediated via enhanced production of chondroitin sulfate-E (CS-E ... Identification of chondroitin sulfate glucuronyltransferase as chondroitin synthase-3 involved in chondroitin polymerization: ... Chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 regulates the chain length of chondroitin sulfate in co-operation with chondroitin N- ... Chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase-2 regulates the number of chondroitin sulfate chains initiated by chondroitin N- ...
Glucosamine & chondroitin sulphate
Chondroitin sulphate player Synutra pledged to clean up the ingredients reputation​ by raising awareness of simple ... Commodity glucosamine and chondroitin supplements generally dominate the joint health marketplace, though according to ... Some have suggested that glucosamines coupling with chondroitin sulfate - extracted from animal cartilage - has been ... Glucosamine & chondroitin sulphate. By Annie Harrison-Dunn ...
SODIUM CHONDROITIN SULFATE || Skin Deep® Cosmetics Database | EWG
Glucosamine Chondroitin - Animal Health - General - MedHelp
Glucosamine Chondroitin - iHerb.com
21st Century, Glucosamine Chondroitin Complex Plus MSM, Advanced Triple Strength, 120 Tablets. 352 ... 21st Century, Glucosamine 1500 mg Chondroitin 1200 mg, Raspberry Flavored Liquid, 16 fl oz (480 ml). 28 ... 21st Century, Glucosamine 250 mg, Chondroitin 200 mg, Original Formula, 60 (Easy Swallow) Capsules. 194 ... 21st Century, Glucosamine 250 mg Chondroitin 200 mg, Original Formula, 120 (Easy Swallow) Capsules. 194 ...
Glucosamine Chondroitin for Dogs
Uses of Glucosamine and Chondroitin in Dogs. Glucosamine and chondroitin are good for digestive problems, skin wounds and joint ... How Glucosamine and Chondroitin Work to Rebuild Joints. Throughout your dogs life, the cartilage in his joints is wearing down ... Glucosamine chondroitin for dogs can provide relief from the symptoms of arthritis and even reverse the progress of the disease ... Glucosamine and chondroitin supplements can help your dogs body rebuild and regenerate lost cartilage, relieving the symptoms ...
Chondroitin Outperforms Celecoxib in Knee Osteoarthritis Study
... chondroitin sulfate has been more successful than celecoxib in reducing the long-term progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA), ... Chondroitin sulfate, more commonly called chondroitin, has long been the subject of debate when it comes to its usefulness in ... However, only chondroitin sulfate was found to be capable of slowing down the progression of the disease by reducing the loss ... Pelletier would like to point out that the study only used pharmaceutical-grade chondroitin, and results may not be similar for ...
Chondroitin/Glucosamine/Methylsulfonylmethane Support Group - Drugs.com
Ask questions and get answers about Chondroitin/Glucosamine/Methylsulfonylmethane. Our support group helps people share their ... Home › Q & A › Support Groups › Chondroitin / Glucosamine / Methylsulfonylmethane. Join the Chondroitin / Glucosamine / ... Chondroitin / Glucosamine / Methylsulfonylmethane Information for Consumers. *Side Effects of Chondroitin / Glucosamine / ... Chondroitin/Glucosamine/Methylsulfonylmethane - I have a known allergy to sulfa. Will it be safe?. Posted 11 Mar 2015 • 1 ...
Glucosamine, Chondroitin & MSM | Holland & Barrett
Glucosamine and Chondroitin - ExRx.net
DailyMed - Search Results for CHONDROITIN
CYCLOSPORINE/CHONDROITIN PF (cyclosporine/chondroitin sulfate pf) emulsion. NDC Code(s): 71384-514-05 *Packager: Imprimis NJOF ... CYCLOSPORINE/CHONDROITIN SULFATE PF emulsion. NDC Code(s): 70261-514-05 *Packager: ImprimisRx NJ ... SYNOQUIN EFA (glucosomine, chondroitin sulphate, dexahan, ascorbic acid, zinc sulfate) tablet. *This is an animal drug. ... THERAFLEX GLUCOSAMINE PLUS MAX (d-glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate sodium1) capsule. NDC Code(s): 61841-055-12, ...
Chondroitin (60 Caps)
Chondroitin retains moisture in the joints, which allows for greater flexibility and resilience. ... Chondroitin (60 Caps). Chondroitin (60 Caps). Stock No. 1811 Looking for a way to keep joints healthy? Chondroitin retains ... The body produces chondroitin, but that production decreases as we age. Chondroitin is found in foods, but usually only in ... Chondroitin helps bond connective tissue to maintain strength and inhibits enzymes that can deplete cartilage nutrition. It ...
Glucosamine chondroitin - definition of glucosamine chondroitin by The Free Dictionary
glucosamine chondroitin synonyms, glucosamine chondroitin pronunciation, glucosamine chondroitin translation, English ... n. A combination of glucosamine and chondroitin used as an over-the-counter dietary supplement to treat joint pain in ... Related to glucosamine chondroitin: Glucosamine sulfate. glucosamine chondroitin. n.. A combination of glucosamine and ... I have been taking a glucosamine chondroitin combination for a long time, so naturally I was concerned.. Glucosamine coming out ...
Chondroitin and melanoma: How worried should you be? - Jewish Journal
Researchers publishing in the medical journal Molecular Cell are raising concerns that chondroitin sulfate may encourage the ... Can chondroitin increase melanoma risk?. Researchers publishing in the medical journal Molecular Cell are raising concerns that ... Chondroitin sulfate is among the most popular supplements in the world. Its often taken in combination with glucosamine for ... But if chondroitin sulfate may promote melanoma growth - and its not clear that this supplement is particularly helpful anyway ...
Glucosamine Chondroitin MSM for Dogs, Hip and Joint Support, | eBay
Chondroitin with MSM. Is Your Dog in Constant Pain ?. Glucosamine Hydrochloride (bovine). Joint Health for Dogs. Dogs Love the ... Glucosamine Chondroitin for Dogs Indiana Dog Vitamins & Supplements,. *Solgar Glucosamine Chondroitin Msm Indiana Vitamin & ... Glucosamine Chondroitin Msm Capsules Indiana Vitamin & Mineral Health Supplements,. *Kirkland Glucosamine Chondroitin Indiana ... Glucosamine Chondroitin Triple Strength Indiana Vitamin & Mineral Health Supplements,. *Dog Glucosamine Indiana Dog Vitamins & ...
Chondroitin
Several studies conducted in Europe found that people taking chondroitin sulfate reported less joint pain. Chondroitin sulfate ... Does Chondroitin Really Help?. As there is not a governing body that has evaluated the claims made by supplements the way the ... Some people take chondroitin with the hope that it will relieve joint pain and potentially reverse the damage already caused by ... Glucosamine and chondroitin are two substances that occur naturally in the body. While glucosamine stimulates the repair and ...
MRM, Glucosamine Chondroitin, 180 Capsules - iHerb
iHerb.com © Copyright 1997-2021 iHerb, LLC. All rights reserved. iHerb® is a registered trademark of iHerb, LLC. Trusted Brands. Healthy Rewards. and the iHerb.com Trusted Brands. Healthy Rewards. Logo are trademarks of iHerb, LLC. *Disclaimer: Statements made, or products sold through this website, have not been evaluated by the United States Food and Drug Administration. They are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Read More » ...
Chondroitin needs pharma-style control: Review
Joint health nutrient chondroitin varies greatly in safety and efficacy depending on its source and therefore needs greater ... chondroitin-4-sulfate (26%-70%); chondroitin-6-sulfate (23%-63%); chondroitin-2,6-disulfate (0%-13%) and chondroitin-4,6- ... Related tags: Chondroitin sulfate, Dietary supplement, European union Joint health nutrient chondroitin varies greatly in ... In a review backed by Spanish chondroitin sulfate supplier Bioiberica, Johanne Martel-Pelletier and colleagues said chondroitin ...
OsteoarthritisSulphateJointsCapsulesGlycosaminoglycansBovineConnectiveSupplementEffect of chondroitinPlaceboCollagenProteoglycansGlycosaminoglycanTabletsSodium Chondroitin Sulfate500mgContaining chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronateBenefit from chondroitinEffectiveness of chondroitinJointPatients in the chondroitin sulfateAnimal cartilageGAGsProteoglycanNutraceuticalForm of chondroitin sulfateSolution containing chondroiKneeCombination of glucosamineSharkIngredientsHyaluronicCartilage tissueDosesOsteo-Bi-FlexNutrientsTheory is that chondroitinSupplements glucosamine and chondroitinPharmaceutical-gradePeople take chondroitinTake chondroitin sulfateSulfate and glucosamine sulfateGLUCOSAMINE CHONDROITIN COMPLEXNaturally
Osteoarthritis55
- Pharmaceutical-grade Chondroitin sulfate is as effective as celecoxib and superior to placebo in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: the ChONdroitin v. (nih.gov)
- Chondroitin sulfate 800 mg/day (CS) pharmaceutical-grade in the management of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis consistent with the European Medicines Agency guideline. (nih.gov)
- As a supplement in higher doses than is found naturally, chondroitin is a popular treatment for osteoarthritis. (webmd.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is used for osteoarthritis and cataracts. (medlineplus.gov)
- Taking chondroitin sulfate by mouth seems to provide some relief from osteoarthritis pain and improve function. (medlineplus.gov)
- Glucosamine and chondroitin are popular supplements used to treat osteoarthritis (OA). (arthritis.org)
- The most comprehensive long-term study-the Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT)-compared the combination of glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin, both supplements individually, celecoxib (Celebrex) and a placebo (inactive pill) in nearly 1,600 people with knee osteoarthritis. (arthritis.org)
- If you look at the totality of the evidence for glucosamine and chondroitin for osteoarthritis of the knee, it's very strong. (arthritis.org)
- In the US, Chondroitin (chondroitin systemic) is a member of the drug class nutraceutical products and is used to treat Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis . (drugs.com)
- BERN, Switzerland, April 17 (UPI) -- A European meta-analysis found that chondroitin, a dietary supplement used to treat osteoarthritis, is ineffective but not harmful. (upi.com)
- Types include: Chondroitin sulfate Dermatan sulfate Chondroitin as a supplement is now commonly used in treating the joint disease of osteoarthritis as well as glucosamine. (wikipedia.org)
- Along with glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate has become a widely used dietary supplement for treatment of osteoarthritis. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin is used in dietary supplements as an alternative medicine to treat osteoarthritis. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin, along with commonly used glucosamine, should not be used to treat people who have symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee as evidence shows that these treatments fail to provide relief for that condition. (wikipedia.org)
- The effect of chondroitin sulfate in people with osteoarthritis is likely the result of a number of reactions including its anti-inflammatory activity, the stimulation of the synthesis of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid, and the decrease in catabolic activity of chondrocytes, inhibiting the synthesis of proteolytic enzymes, nitric oxide, and other substances that contribute to damage the cartilage matrix and cause death of articular chondrocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- A recent review summarizes data from relevant reports describing the biochemical basis of the effect of chondroitin sulfate on osteoarthritis articular tissues. (wikipedia.org)
- Multiple doses of 800 mg in people with osteoarthritis do not alter the kinetics of chondroitin sulfate. (wikipedia.org)
- Newswise - SAN FRANCISCO- For the first time, chondroitin sulfate has been more successful than celecoxib in reducing the long-term progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA), according to new research findings presented this week at the American College of Rheumatology Annual Meeting in San Francisco. (newswise.com)
- A combination of glucosamine and chondroitin used as an over-the-counter dietary supplement to treat joint pain in osteoarthritis. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Some people take chondroitin with the hope that it will relieve joint pain and potentially reverse the damage already caused by osteoarthritis. (articleinsider.com)
- Chondroitin and glucosamine is a combination product that has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating osteoarthritis pain. (cigna.com)
- Clinical research shows that taking chondroitin sulfate by mouth modestly improves pain and function in some people with osteoarthritis when used for up to 6 months. (webmd.com)
- Other research shows that taking chondroitin sulfate for up to 2 years might slow the progression of osteoarthritis. (webmd.com)
- Some research shows that taking specific products containing chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine helps reduce symptoms of osteoarthritis . (webmd.com)
- Taking chondroitin sulfate plus glucosamine long-term appears to slow the progression of osteoarthritis. (webmd.com)
- There is some evidence that a skin cream containing chondroitin sulfate in combination with glucosamine sulfate, shark cartilage, and camphor can reduce osteoarthritis symptoms. (webmd.com)
- Explain to patients who ask that in contrast to those with mild pain those who have severe-to-moderate knee pain from osteoarthritis may get some relief from a three-month trial of glucosamine plus chondroitin sulfate, but this finding should be confirmed by another study. (medpagetoday.com)
- SALT LAKE CITY, Feb. 22 - Daily doses of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, either alone or in combination, did not significantly reduce mild knee pain from osteoarthritis, compared with placebo, according to researchers here. (medpagetoday.com)
- New research shows that chondroitin sulfate significantly decreased pain and improved hand function in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hand compared with those in the placebo group. (redorbit.com)
- Although hand OA is highly prevalent among adults and can significantly impact the quality of life for suffers, therapeutic options are still limited," said Cem Gabay, M.D., with University Hospitals of Geneva in Switzerland and lead investigation of the Finger osteoArthritis Chondroitin Treatment Study (FACTS). (redorbit.com)
- Rising utilization of pharmaceutical grade sodium chondroitin sulfate to cure osteoarthritis is projected to drive industry growth. (prnewswire.com)
- Based on the evidence of preliminary double-blind studies , chondroitin is widely used as a treatment for osteoarthritis , the typical arthritis that many people suffer as they get older. (memorialhealth.com)
- 1-5 Chondroitin (along with glucosamine ) may take the treatment of osteoarthritis to a new level. (memorialhealth.com)
- Numerous double-blind studies have found evidence that chondroitin can relieve the symptoms of osteoarthritis and possibly also slow the progression of the disease. (memorialhealth.com)
- Many but not all double-blind, placebo-controlled studies indicate that chondroitin can relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis. (memorialhealth.com)
- Many people take glucosamine and chondroitin, alone or together, for osteoarthritis. (stlukesonline.org)
- But an analysis of studies looking at glucosamine or chondroitin for osteoarthritis in the hip or knee did not show that these supplements slow joint destruction or relieve pain. (stlukesonline.org)
- 2010). Effects of glucosamine, chondroitin, or placebo in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: Network meta-analysis. (stlukesonline.org)
- Only patients who have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis by a health professional and have had other possible causes for their back pain ruled out are candidates for glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate supplements. (spine-health.com)
- However, the lack of more effective traditional medical treatments for osteoarthritis and the low incidence of side effects from glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate present the nutritional supplements as a viable treatment alternative for some patients with osteoarthritis. (spine-health.com)
- Combined with other osteoarthritis treatments (as deemed appropriate by a physician), taking glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate dietary supplements may help some patients attain optimal levels of relief from osteoarthritis-related joint pain. (spine-health.com)
- A combination of glucosamine, chondroitin and quercetin significantly improve the symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate has therapeutic activity in dogs with osteoarthritis. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Chondroitin Sulfate CAS No.9007-28-7, HS code300190 is a organic compound manufactured through chemical synthesis, available as White to off-white Powder used along with glucosamine as dietary supplement for treatment of osteoarthritis. (apsense.com)
- The study suggests that there is no point in starting patients on chondroitin, said Dr. David Felson, an osteoarthritis researcher at Boston University who wrote an editorial accompanying the study. (preparedfoods.com)
- Chondroitin is best known to the general public as a remedy for osteoarthritis, which is a form of arthritis caused by wearing away or degeneration of the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones. (arthritis-symptom.com)
- Several randomized double-blind studies of chondroitin in osteoarthritis patients were conducted in France and Italy in 1998. (arthritis-symptom.com)
- When chondroitin is used together with glucosamine as a treatment for osteoarthritis, the daily dosage is based on the patient's weight. (arthritis-symptom.com)
- A recent study at the University of Montreal, however, failed to demonstrate a significant benefit of a chondroitin nutraceutical on gait in 71 dogs with osteoarthritis over 60 days. (vcahospitals.com)
- Published last year ​, the Cochrane Review pooled data from 43 clinical trials including 9,110 people receiving chondroitin sulfate (CS) supplements indicated that, not only did the supplement produce 'small to moderate' benefits for people with osteoarthritis, but the risk of adverse events was also lower than in the control groups. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate supplements have become popular as natural treatment of osteoarthritis because combined with glucosamine it has been shown to be very effective. (earthturns.com)
- Supplementation with glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin, both natural components of healthy cartilage, has long been advocated by natural health practitioners as an effective therapy for osteoarthritis. (yourhealthbase.com)
- The researchers conclude that daily oral supplementation with glucosamine sulfate slows the degenerative process of joint cartilage and that oral supplementation with glucosamine or chondroitin significantly decreases the symptoms (pain and joint immobility) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. (yourhealthbase.com)
- Structural and symptomatic efficacy of glucosamine and chondroitin in knee osteoarthritis. (yourhealthbase.com)
- Relieve joint pain associated with osteoarthritis and protect against cartilage deterioration, courtesy of Natural Factors' Glucosamine & Chondroitin Sulfate. (communitynaturalfoods.com)
Sulphate17
- Chondroitin sulphate player Synutra pledged to clean up the ingredient's reputation ​ by raising awareness of simple adulteration tests - something it says it does already. (nutraingredients.com)
- 99% purity pharmaceutical-grade chondroitin sulphate is readily available, as are inferior quality products with just 80% purity. (nutraingredients.com)
- Chondroitin is actually chondroitin sulphate and is one of the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). (ehow.co.uk)
- Molecules of chondroitin sulphate blend with proteins to make proteoglycans. (ehow.co.uk)
- Bladder-injected chondroitin sulphate was shown to have a clinically significant positive effect in the treatment interstitial cystitis. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Chondroitin Sulphate - it is highly hygroscopic and thus promotes joint lubrication by attracting fluids to the joints. (jointhealthmagazine.com)
- Commercially available forms of chondroitin sulphate include bovine cartilage and shark cartilage. (vcahospitals.com)
- All Verified chondroitin sulphate chicken suppliers & chondroitin sulphate chicken manufacturers have passed our Business License Check, they can provide quality chondroitin sulphate chicken products. (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin Sulphate Sodium, chicken cartilage source Introduction CAS No. 9007-28-7 EINECS No. 232-696-9 Molecular Formula: (C14H21NO14S)n Assay: 90%,95% Chondroitin sulfate Appearance: White to off white powder Grade: Pharmaceutical and food Chondroitin . (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin sulphate is rich in sulphur and is related to Glucosamine. (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin sulphate is been widely used in combination with Glucosamine as nutraceutical supplements for joint disorders. (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin Sulphate is produced. (opencroquet.org)
- Sulphate Bovine Chondroitin Sulphate Porcine Chondroitin Sulphate Chicken Chondroitin Sulphate Shark Calcium Chondroitin Sulphate ChPS LMChS ChS Organic Acid Ester Chondroitin Sulfate(HALAL) Chondroitin sulphate sodium (from Shark, Bovine, Porcine, Chicken . (opencroquet.org)
- 90% by HPLC Low Molecular weight Chondroitin Sulphate . (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin Sulphate /9007-28-7 CAS:9007-28-7 Chondroitin Sulphate is a glycosaminoglycan extracted from bovine, porcine, chicken cartilage. (opencroquet.org)
- chondroitin sulfate is composed of chondroitin sulphate A, C and various chondroitin sulfate. (opencroquet.org)
- Usually, shark cartilage contains mainly chondroitin -6- sulphate . (opencroquet.org)
Joints37
- Glucosamine and chondroitin are natural compounds found in healthy cartilage -- the connective tissue that cushions joints. (arthritis.org)
- European researchers compared studies looking at glucosamine and chondroitin alone and in combination with placebo pills and found that there was no discernable difference or changes in the joints. (philly.com)
- Chondroitin is a natural chemical that is present in cartilage, a substance that insulates joints throughout the body. (cvs.com)
- In the body, glucosamine and chondroitin are needed for healthy joints. (cvs.com)
- Chondroitin helps maintain the structural integrity of this tissue and promotes lubricating fluids for the joints. (walgreens.com)
- However, only chondroitin sulfate was found to be capable of slowing down the progression of the disease by reducing the loss of cartilage," Dr. Pelletier remarks, while also noting further studies to establish the effect of chondroitin in other joints could be of interest. (newswise.com)
- Chondroitin retains moisture in the joints, which allows for greater flexibility and resilience. (naturessunshine.com)
- Chondroitin is believed to help the body maintain fluid and flexibility in the joints. (cigna.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a chemical that is normally found in cartilage around joints in the body. (webmd.com)
- Both chondroitin and glucosamine are components of cartilage and are used by the body to lay down healthy tissue inside joints, according to WebMD. (reference.com)
- Glucosamine, chondroitin and methyl sulfonylmethane (MSM) is used to maintain healthy joints, while stimulating cartilage production, according to Drugs.co. (reference.com)
- There is some evidence that chondroitin might go beyond treating symptoms and actually protect joints from damage. (memorialhealth.com)
- Glucosamine chondroitin MSM is a nutritive option which may provide support to joints and connective tissues. (ehow.co.uk)
- Chondroitin supplements appear to increase the hyaluronic acid, an important part of the synovial fluid which is what lubricates joints. (ehow.co.uk)
- Glucosamine chondroitin MSM improves the consistency of the synovial or lubricating fluid in joints. (ehow.co.uk)
- April 17/Los Angeles Times -- Chondroitin, a dietary supplement widely used for treating arthritic joints, is no better than a placebo for reducing pain, researchers reported Monday. (preparedfoods.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a compound found in cartilage that is believed to help make joints more elastic. (preparedfoods.com)
- According to the manufacturers, CVS Glucosamine Chondroitin supplies joints and connective tissue with necessary nutrients needed to recover from the damaged caused by aging. (jointhealthmagazine.com)
- Glucosamine and chondroitin along with collagen protein are natural components of joints, cartilage and connective tissue. (sponser.ch)
- Chondroitin Sulfate & Glucosamine Sulfate Capsules are a combination of chondroitin and glucosamine, two powerful nutrients that help to promote optimum support for joints and cartilage function, strength and mobility. (herbalremedies.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is one of the most abundant components of articular cartilage, a key component for healthy joints. (herbalremedies.com)
- Liquid Glucosamine, Chondroitin, MSM Joint Support Supplement is a potent formula loaded with nutrients that help to provide nutritional support for joints and connective tissue. (herbalremedies.com)
- Best Glucosamine/Chondroitin/MSM is a potent combination of three proven, purified ingredients that help the body manufacture proteoglycans in healthy joints. (netrition.com)
- GLUCOSAMINE CHONDROITIN COMPLEX WITH MSM provides the same amounts of chondroitin and glucosamine shown in recent research to support healthy joints, along with MSM, vitamin C, and molybdenum- for a more powerful product. (vitanetonline.com)
- Many trials have shown that supplementing with chondroitin sulfate reduces pain, increases joint mobility, and promotes healing within the joints. (peacehealth.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a major component of the lining of joints. (peacehealth.org)
- Glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate may both play a role in wound healing by providing the raw material needed by the body to manufacture connective tissue found in skin, tendons, ligaments, and joints. (peacehealth.org)
- Chondroitin serves as a catalyst for processes in cartilaginous tissue, improves sulfur absorption, thereby improving joints recovery and regeneration. (rxmed.com)
- Given Chondroitin properties, this drug is indispensable in treatment of any problems associated with damage or joints inflammation, cartilage tissue or ligaments. (rxmed.com)
- Another property of Chondroitin is absorption of enzymes that adversely affect joints and ligaments. (rxmed.com)
- In fact, all medicines in one way or another intended for treatment of joints, spine, ligaments, mechanical muscle damage contain Chondroitin in one form or another. (rxmed.com)
- Chondroitin holds water and encourages nutrient flow around joints, which is important for overall joint health. (bodybuilding.com)
- Since cartilage does not receive any blood flow from the body, maintaining optimum cartilage health with Chondroitin can help you see benefits for your joints. (bodybuilding.com)
- If you participate in high intensity activity with stress placed on your joints, Chondroitin is a good addition to your supplement stack. (bodybuilding.com)
- Biochem ® Glucosamine Chondroitin Formula 60 caps is a dietary supplement containing regulated levels of Glucosamine and Chondroitin to nourish the connective tissues of the joints, tendons, ligaments, skin, blood vessels and the mucous membrane. (astronutrition.com)
- Repair damaged joints and promote joint fucntion and health with Glucosamine + Chondroitin! (illpumpyouup.com)
- Chondroitin is a major component of cartilage, which helps to cushion your joints, as well keeping cartilage hydrated by absorbing water. (illpumpyouup.com)
Capsules3
- Each package contains 90 chondroitin capsules to support your daily diet. (bodybuilding4you.co.uk)
- EP Pharma Grade Bovine Chondroitin Sulfate Sodium with 95% Purity for Oral Pharmaceutical Tablet or Capsules Our company produce and supply EP grade Bovine Chondroitin sulfate sodium for pharmaceutical companies to produce oral pharma. (opencroquet.org)
- Jarrow FORMULAS Glucosamine + Chondroitin Combination provide 1500mg Glucosamine to 1200mg Chondroitin and come in 120 or 240 capsules. (illpumpyouup.com)
Glycosaminoglycans5
- Understanding the functions of such diversity in chondroitin sulfate and related glycosaminoglycans is a major goal of glycobiology . (bionity.com)
- No adverse effect on glucose (blood sugar) regulation in diabetics has been identified, despite the content of glucose in glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin. (vcahospitals.com)
- grade chondroitin sulfate powder CAS No.9007-28-7 Chondroitin sulfate Introduction Chondroitin sulfate (CS) other name is chondroitin polysulfate is a class of glycosaminoglycans covalently linked to proteins to form proteoglycans. (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate consists of repeating chains of molecules called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). (peacehealth.org)
- Chondroitin is a complex substance, a polysaccharide belonging to the class of glycosaminoglycans (they are also called proteoglycans). (rxmed.com)
Bovine6
- Another study analysing chondroitin sulfate content found levels were to reference for bovine, porcine and chicken but above for fish (skate and shark). (nutraingredients.com)
- Chondroitin can come from natural sources, such as shark or bovine cartilage, or it can be made in a lab. (stlukesonline.org)
- This chondroitin is manufactured using fish cartilage (shark) vs bovine cartilage. (greyhoundgang.org)
- grade Chondroitin Sulfate Sodium 90% Purity Extracted From Bovine Cartilages​GMP Manufacturer Jiaxing Hengjie Biopharmaceutical Co.,ltd. is a GMP Manufacturer of chondroitin sulfate sodium extracted from Bovine cartilages. (opencroquet.org)
- We supply food grade Chondroitin sulfate sodium salt, bovine porcine chicken source. (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is an glycosaminoglycan extracted from porcine, bovine, chicken and shark cartilage. (fuzing.com)
Connective6
- Chondroitin is a substance that occurs naturally in the connective tissues of people and animals. (webmd.com)
- Chondroitin helps bond connective tissue to maintain strength and inhibits enzymes that can deplete cartilage nutrition. (naturessunshine.com)
- Chondroitin is a component of the tough connective tissue that give them their durability. (hollandandbarrett.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is the major glycosaminoglycan contained in antler connective tissue and has been isolated from cartilaginous antler by 4 M GuHCl extraction, gradient ultracentrifugation and chromatography techniques. (nih.gov)
- n D3 per servingProvides nutritional support for cartilage and connective tissuePromotes joint and comfort healthContains no gluten, yeast, wheat, milk, or milk derivatives or lactoseNo sugar, soy, preservatives or artificial flavorsRecommended for adults onlyContains crustacean shellfish (shrimp, crayfish, lobster and crab)Glucosamine chondroitin supplement is suitable for daily intakeCoated capletsCompare to Osteo Bi-flex Triple Strength + DThis statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. (shape.com)
- Both glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate provide an additional source of sulfur, a mineral that is important for healthy connective tissue. (vitanetonline.com)
Supplement33
- You can buy glucosamine and chondroitin individually, but most often they're sold together in a single supplement. (arthritis.org)
- If your doctor has recommended that you add a glucosamine or chondroitin supplement to your diet, CVS is here to help. (cvs.com)
- Before adding a glucosamine or chondroitin supplement to your diet, be sure to talk to your medical provider. (cvs.com)
- Chondroitin/Glucosamine/Methylsulfonylmethane - I am new to this supplement. (drugs.com)
- Some studies indicate that dietary supplements, such as those containing glucosamine chondroitin MSM and turmeric, may help people with RA manage their symptoms and may serve as beneficial additions to conventional RA treatments," says Michelle O'Sullivan, spokesperson at VitaBreeze supplement company. (thefreedictionary.com)
- One review of the evidence suggested that of the few studies of chondroitin that were positive, nearly all were funded by makers of the supplement. (sun-sentinel.com)
- But if chondroitin sulfate may promote melanoma growth - and it's not clear that this supplement is particularly helpful anyway - I'd advise against its use, at least until we know more. (sun-sentinel.com)
- One US study found chondroitin content varied by between 10% and 110% from stated label content in food supplement products. (nutraingredients.com)
- Chondroitin and glucosamine is often sold as an herbal supplement. (cigna.com)
- Calcium/mineral supplement with glucosamine and chondroitin. (seniormag.com)
- in the U.S. chondroitin sulfate is sold as a supplement and often paired with glucosamine. (redorbit.com)
- Chondroitin has also been proposed as a treatment for other conditions, such as atherosclerosis , interstitial cystitis , and high cholesterol , but as yet the evidence that the supplement might help is far too weak to rely upon at all. (memorialhealth.com)
- Finally, it is important to reiterate that both glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate nutritional supplements are not subject to the same strict regulations and FDA oversight as are other types of medications, so both the quality and the content/ingredients of the supplement capsule may vary between brands. (spine-health.com)
- Now you can get two of our most popular supplement ingredients together in this 60-caplet bottle of Maximum Strength Glucosamine & Chondroitin. (hollandandbarrett.com)
- Chondroitin Sulfate is a mineral supplement widely used as nutritional supplements in food production. (apsense.com)
- Chondroitin Sulfate is accepted as safe food nutritional supplement in many food products. (apsense.com)
- Do you ever give a glucosamine/chondroitin supplement to geese? (backyardchickens.com)
- I am wondering if you can give a goose a glucosamine/chondroitin supplement, because if you can safely do that it would probably help him. (backyardchickens.com)
- But because there are no serious side effects from the supplement, "If patients say they benefit from chondroitin, I see no harm in encouraging them to continue taking it," he wrote. (preparedfoods.com)
- Andrew Shao, a nutrition scientist with the Council for Responsible Nutrition, a Washington-based trade group for supplement makers, said the study was too narrow because it focused on three trials and excluded glucosamine, which may have dampened the effectiveness of chondroitin. (preparedfoods.com)
- Chondroitin is a natural powder supplement for arthritic help and joint inflammation. (greyhoundgang.org)
- CVS Glucosamine Chondroitin is a dietary joint supplement that combines three of the most sort after joint and cartilage ingredients. (jointhealthmagazine.com)
- CVS Glucosamine Chondroitin is a dietary supplement made using three of the most sort after ingredients in the market. (jointhealthmagazine.com)
- Chondroitin supplement supports for joint tissues. (vitasprings.com)
- FlexMax Glucosamine Chondroitin Sulfate combines the two most popular supplements for joint health in a low sodium supplement enhanced with proprietary StomachGuard technology, which regulates and cushions the release of Glucosamine, and shields against potential stomach irritation. (herbalremedies.com)
- Chondroitin Sulfate Powder Nutriebnt Supplement Powder Product Name Chondroitin Sulfate Molecular Formula (C14H21NO14S)n CAS No 9007-28-7 Appearance White to off white powder Specification 85%-98% Applications of Chondroitin Sulfate powder: 1. (opencroquet.org)
- Glucosamine chondroitin is a popular combination supplement for joint pain, but its effect remains controversial. (livestrong.com)
- Glucosamine chondroitin is a popular supplement for joint pain. (livestrong.com)
- If you are suffering from joint pain and prefer to try a supplement, glucosamine and chondroitin may work for you. (livestrong.com)
- If you want to start supplementing your diet with joint support products, Chondroitin should be part of your supplement protocol. (bodybuilding.com)
- Chondroitin is a superstar supplement for joint support. (bodybuilding.com)
- Since Chondroitin promotes the movement of nutrients and water across cartilage tissue, this supplement is a perfect choice for joint support. (bodybuilding.com)
- Biochem Glucosamine Chondroitin Formula 60 caps is the ultimate dietary supplement that uses the premium blend of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate. (astronutrition.com)
Effect of chondroitin2
- Juni's team looked at the effect of chondroitin without glucosamine. (preparedfoods.com)
- Several double blind placebo-controlled studies in humans demonstrate a beneficial effect of chondroitin in the management of pain associated with arthritis. (vcahospitals.com)
Placebo14
- Twenty studies that compared chondroitin to placebo or no treatment were examined, and the researchers found that chondroitin had little effect on knee or hip pain caused by arthritis, according to the meta-analysis published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. (upi.com)
- In a 6 year double blind placebo controlled study involving 60 test subjects, the chondroitin sulfate group showed a 350% reduction in fatal heart attacks compared to the control group. (wikipedia.org)
- Patients were randomized to 1,500 mg of glucosamine hydrocholoride, 1,200 mg of chondroitin sulfate, both glucosamine and chondroitin, 200 mg of Celebrex, or placebo for 24 weeks. (medpagetoday.com)
- Participants received either 800 mg of chondroitin sulfate (80 patients) or placebo (82 patients) once daily for 6 months. (redorbit.com)
- Results showed that patients in the chondroitin sulfate group had significant decrease in global hand pain compared with the placebo group, reflecting an 8.7 decrease on the VAS. (redorbit.com)
- Researchers also reported significantly improved hand function and reduction in morning stiffness for participants taking chondroitin sulfate versus placebo. (redorbit.com)
- 9 Participants received either 400 mg of chondroitin sulfate twice daily or placebo. (memorialhealth.com)
- At the end of the trial, doctors rated the improvement as good or very good in 69% of those taking chondroitin sulfate, but in only 32% of those taking placebo. (memorialhealth.com)
- They found virtually no difference in pain reduction between the chondroitin and placebo groups. (preparedfoods.com)
- Research: Researchers performed an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 622 patients with knee OA were randomly assigned to receive either 800 mg of chondroitin sulfate (n = 309 patients) or placebo (n = 313 patients) once daily for 2 years. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
- Research: The Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention (GAIT) study involved nearly 1600 OA patients, who were given a placebo or daily doses of 1500 mg of glucosamine hydrochloride and/or 1200 mg of chondroitin sulfate or 200 mg of the common prescription pain medication celecoxib (Celebrex). (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
- The Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial concluded that overall patients did not experience significant pain relief with either glucosamine, chondroitin or the combination over placebo. (livestrong.com)
- Numerous double-blind, placebo- controlled studies have examined the positive effects of oral administration of 1,500 mg of glucosamine sulfate- the amount in one daily use of GLUCOSAMINE CHONDROITIN COMPLEX WITH MSM. (vitanetonline.com)
- Belgian medical researchers have just released the results of a meta-analysis of 15 randomized, placebo-controlled studies involving 1020 patients treated with glucosamine and 755 treated with chondroitin. (yourhealthbase.com)
Collagen1
- Additionally, CVS Glucosamine Chondroitin supports the synthesization of collagen. (jointhealthmagazine.com)
Proteoglycans6
- Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are the major axon inhibitory matrix component that is increased within the lesion scar and in perineuronal nets around deafferented neurons. (rutgers.edu)
- SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Following spinal cord injury, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) upregulate and potently inhibit axon regeneration and functional recovery. (rutgers.edu)
- The structure of this matrix is unusual and uniquely enriched in chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, particularly those of the lectican family. (nih.gov)
- We found that a developmental increase in the 4-sulfation/6-sulfation (4S/6S) ratio of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), which are components of the brain extracellular matrix, leads to the termination of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity in the mouse visual cortex. (nih.gov)
- Proteoglycans in bladder tumors are modified with a distinct oncofetal chondroitin sulfate (ofCS) glycosaminoglycan that is normally restricted to placental trophoblast cells. (nature.com)
- Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) linked to specific proteoglycans (CSPGs) present in the cell membranes, or secreted into the extracellular matrix and bodily fluids 6 . (nature.com)
Glycosaminoglycan6
- Chondroitin sulfate is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composed of a chain of alternating sugars (N-acetylgalactosamine and glucuronic acid). (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is the major glycosaminoglycan (GAGS - see separate article found in this series) found in cartilage. (vcahospitals.com)
- High Assay 95% Chondroitin Sulfate With Best Quality From Shark Chondroitin Sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan extracted from shark cartilage. (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin Sulfate Sodium is the sodium salt of the sulfated linear glycosaminoglycan. (opencroquet.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is an glycosaminoglycan extracted from porcine. (fuzing.com)
- The antibody has been reported to be specific for the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) portion of native chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG). (abcam.com)
Tablets2
- Among its offerings is a Joint Health Kit, which consists of Glucosamine Chondroitin and MSM tablets, and MSM with Glucosamine Creme, a topical formula. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Stock-up on your Glucosamine and Chondroitin tablets at Holland & Barrett today with our Max Strength Glucosamine & Chondroitin 60 Caplets. (hollandandbarrett.com)
Sodium Chondroitin Sulfate4
- Sodium Chondroitin Sulfate is a derivative of a natural mucopolysaccharide. (ewg.org)
- Show all 129 recent products that contain SODIUM CHONDROITIN SULFATE. (ewg.org)
- Challenges faced by the industry include adulteration of sodium chondroitin sulfate and the introduction of new joint health ingredients. (prnewswire.com)
- The U.S., Germany , the U.K., Japan , and Brazil , among other countries, are the major potential markets for pharmaceutical as well as nutraceutical grade sodium chondroitin sulfate. (prnewswire.com)
500mg1
- Sustained release glucosamine 500mg/Chondroitin 200mg. (seniormag.com)
Containing chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate2
- An injectable solution containing chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate is approved by the FDA to protect the eye during cataract surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
- Many different products containing chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate have been reviewed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use during cataract surgery. (webmd.com)
Benefit from chondroitin4
- If patients say that they benefit from chondroitin, I see no harm in encouraging them to continue taking it as long as they perceive a benefit. (upi.com)
- Because several smaller studies had shown an improvement for low-grade sufferers, Juni acknowledged that some patients could benefit from chondroitin. (preparedfoods.com)
- some dogs and cats may appreciably benefit from chondroitin administration and others not at all. (vcahospitals.com)
- How can my pet benefit from chondroitin? (vcahospitals.com)
Effectiveness of chondroitin2
- Research has been conducted to show the effectiveness of chondroitin and results indicate that it helps to manage pain in knee and hip, slow down the progression and also recovery. (wikipedia.org)
- After the initial evaluation, the researchers followed up with participants again at one and two years to look at a number of factors that would indicate the effectiveness of chondroitin. (newswise.com)
Joint32
- Although studies on glucosamine and chondroitin have been mixed, some evidence suggests they may help relieve OA joint pain and stiffness. (arthritis.org)
- Medical providers may recommend glucosamine and chondroitin supplements for general joint health. (cvs.com)
- You can also find products that include glucosamine and chondroitin plus other substances believed to contribute to joint health, such as vitamin D3 and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). (cvs.com)
- Commodity glucosamine and chondroitin supplements generally dominate the joint health marketplace, though according to Euromonitor International the glucosamine market has flagged in recent years - with a global value of $1.823 billion (€1.33 billion) in 2013, down from its $1.895 (€1.38 billion) value back in 2009. (nutraingredients.com)
- Glucosamine and chondroitin are good for digestive problems, skin wounds and joint disorders. (vetinfo.com)
- Younger dogs who have undergone joint surgery or spinal surgery may also benefit from short term use of glucosamine and chondroitin. (vetinfo.com)
- Several studies conducted in Europe found that people taking chondroitin sulfate reported less joint pain. (articleinsider.com)
- Joint health nutrient chondroitin varies greatly in safety and efficacy depending on its source and therefore needs greater regulation and standardisation, Canadian and Spanish researchers have said. (nutraingredients.com)
- The supplements glucosamine and chondroitin claim to ease joint pain, but Consumer Reports analysis of the medical literature finds they're not likely to help and can pose risks. (consumerreports.org)
- VitaPurity Joint Recovery Formula's exclusive blend of glucosamine sulfate, glucosamine HCL and chondroitin sulfate provide proven arthritis and joint pain relief. (seniormag.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a naturally occurring molecule and a main component of joint cartilage. (redorbit.com)
- Although scientists speculate they have a stimulatory effect on cartilage formation, the Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Study found the supplements to have no effect on joint pain. (reference.com)
- The European studies demonstrated that oral as well as injected chondroitin helps to increase joint mobility and reduce pain. (arthritis-symptom.com)
- Like glucosamine, with which it is often combined in supplements, chondroitin may also inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators that are destructive to the joint. (vcahospitals.com)
- Any pet with degenerative joint disease and arthritis may benefit from treatment with chondroitin. (vcahospitals.com)
- Given the potential for benefit and the extremely low risk of any adverse side effects, chondroitin supplementation is always recommended for animals with joint pain. (vcahospitals.com)
- Liquid Glucosamine & Chondroitin with MSM combines three of the most effective nutrients available today for supporting good joint health in an easily absorbed liquid form. (herbalremedies.com)
- The GAIT team will also continue its research with a smaller study to see whether glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate can alter the progression of OA, such as delaying the narrowing of the joint spaces. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
- Chondroitin Sulfate and Glucosamine are essential components of joint tissue and essential for the production of hyaluronic acid (HA). (jarrow.com)
- Another issue for the category is that many companies continue to avoid clear disclosure of chondroitin sulfate amounts used in their proprietary blends, said Zhang, and more are using botanicals with anti-inflammatory activities to achieve temporary pain relief in lieu of joint structure and function ingredient like chondroitin. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- "It is noteworthy that this declining trend of CS supply continued despite the joint health market has been on an upswing and as compelling research continue to support chondroitin efficacy and safety," ​he said. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- "It is my understanding most of larger brand-owners of joint health supplements are aware of the importance of running CAME alongside CPC titration in qualifying chondroitin sulfate materials," ​ said Zhang. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is also a naturally occurring chemical found in the joint cartilage in our bodies. (livestrong.com)
- Are alternatives to glucosamine & chondroitin driving the joint health market? (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Doctor's Best Glucosamine/Chondroitin/MSM featuring OptiMSM supports joint structure, function and comfort. (netrition.com)
- Source Naturals is proud to offer one of the first products in the health food market to combine today's most popular joint support nutrients: glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate and MSM. (vitanetonline.com)
- Now you can enjoy the benefits of today's hottest joint nutrients-glucosamine, chondroitin and MSM-all in one formula. (vitanetonline.com)
- A unique property of Chondroitin is that it is capable of retaining water in joint and cartilage tissues, thereby increasing their elasticity. (rxmed.com)
- By taking Chondroitin regularly you can ensure that you've got a good foundation for joint support. (bodybuilding.com)
- Anyone who is concerned with joint health can consider using Chondroitin. (bodybuilding.com)
- Jarrow Formulas Glucosamine + Chondroitin provide effective doses of two important compounds for joint lubrication and joint health. (illpumpyouup.com)
- It's hard to combat deterioration once it occurs, there are, however, nutrients that can make a noticeable difference in joint health and function: Glucosamine and Chondroitin are the two most effective. (illpumpyouup.com)
Patients in the chondroitin sulfate1
- 203 of 317 patients in the glucosamine group reduced WOMAC pain score by 20% (P=0.30) and 208 of 318 patients in the chondroitin sulfate arm posted 20% reductions in pain scores (P=0.17). (medpagetoday.com)
Animal cartilage7
- Chondroitin sulfate is a chemical found in human and animal cartilage. (medlineplus.gov)
- Some have suggested that glucosamine's coupling with chondroitin sulfate - extracted from animal cartilage - has been detrimental. (nutraingredients.com)
- Animal cartilage is the only dietary source of chondroitin. (memorialhealth.com)
- Chondroitin is a substance found in human and animal cartilage that is used to treat several physical disorders, most importantly arthritis, psoriasis, and cancer. (arthritis-symptom.com)
- Animal cartilage is the only dietary source of chondroitin, although it can be synthesized from its glucosamine precursor. (vcahospitals.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is extracted from animal cartilage. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Supplemental Chondroitin is made from animal cartilage - shark and cow cartilage are examples. (bodybuilding.com)
GAGs1
- Chondroitin sulfate is given together with glucosamine, a building block of GAGs. (arthritis-symptom.com)
Proteoglycan4
- The cartilage proteoglycan synthesis can speed up as chondroitin is going through the pathway of the alimentary canal. (wikipedia.org)
- 2003). Axonal regeneration through regions of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. (rutgers.edu)
- Monoclonal Anti-Chondroitin Sulfate can be used to study chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) distribution and its relationships to specific cell-substrate contacts. (abcam.com)
- Your search returned 79 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 ELISA ELISA Kit across 13 suppliers. (biocompare.com)
Nutraceutical1
- In a review backed by Spanish chondroitin sulfate supplier Bioiberica, Johanne Martel-Pelletier and colleagues said chondroitin intended for nutraceutical applications required pharma-style market control measures to assure quality. (nutraingredients.com)
Form of chondroitin sulfate2
- Chondroitin sulfate B" is an old name for dermatan sulfate, and is no longer classified as a form of chondroitin sulfate. (bionity.com)
- Bladder cancer, like most other solid tumors, expresses a distinct form of chondroitin sulfate (CS), normally restricted to the placenta 8 . (nature.com)
Solution containing chondroi1
- Some early studies suggest that a specific eye solution containing chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronate (Viscoat, Alcon Laboratories) can decrease pressure in the eye and improve overall eye health after a cataract is removed. (webmd.com)
Knee5
- The first phase of GAIT, published in 2006, found that the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate didn't offer significant relief to participants in general, but it did help a small subgroup of those with moderate-to-severe knee pain. (arthritis.org)
- A 2016 multinational study called the MOVES trial found the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin as effective at relieving knee OA pain and swelling as celecoxib, without the side effects. (arthritis.org)
- At both one and two years, the researchers found a better reduction of cartilage loss in the whole knee, and more particularly in the inner half, of the participants on chondroitin when compared to those on celecoxib. (newswise.com)
- This study demonstrates that both chondroitin sulfate and celecoxib are equally effective at reducing the symptoms of knee OA patients. (newswise.com)
- Results: The combination of glucosamine and chondroitin significantly decreased knee pain in OA patients experiencing moderate-to-severe pain. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
Combination of glucosamine1
- A combination of glucosamine sulfate, sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, quercetin and rutin improve symptoms of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. (greenmedinfo.com)
Shark4
- Most chondroitin supplements contain chondroitin sulfate derived from shark or cow cartilage. (cvs.com)
- Furthermore, marine chondroitin sulfate chains tend to be longer, with molecular weight of up to 70 kDa in chondroitin sulfate from shark, while in terrestrial animals molecular weight is typically below 45 kDa. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is usually manufactured from animal sources, such as shark and cow cartilage. (webmd.com)
- Studies have been conducted in the United States since 1990 to determine whether chondroitin from shark cartilage can speed up wound healing in psoriasis and related conditions. (arthritis-symptom.com)
Ingredients3
- Chondroitin sulfate is possibly safe when used together with other ingredients in an eye drop. (medlineplus.gov)
- This move to alternate ingredients and using lower than efficacious doses in products is producing a shrinking chondroitin market, and Zhang feels that levels in 2015-16 are lower than in previous years. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- The category is reportedly growing, but established ingredients like glucosamine and chondroitin are declining as consumers look for alternatives. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Hyaluronic1
- The combination of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, curcumin and quercetin was effective in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections. (greenmedinfo.com)
Cartilage tissue3
- The chondroitin helps to attract and hold fluid within cartilage tissue. (arthritis-symptom.com)
- Studies have shown that chondroitin sulfate is a compound that appears to block the enzymes that can destroy essential cartilage tissue. (earthturns.com)
- Chondroitin is part of cartilage tissue. (bodybuilding.com)
Doses3
- Chondroitin sulfate is most commonly used by adults in doses of 800-1200 mg per day, for up to 2 years. (medlineplus.gov)
- Chondroitin sulfate shows first-order kinetics up to single doses of 3,000 mg. (wikipedia.org)
- It's possible that these results aren't relevant to actual people - for example, the doses or metabolism of chondroitin sulfate may be so different in humans (vs. mice) that these results do not apply to humans. (sun-sentinel.com)
Osteo-Bi-Flex1
- And Rexall Sundown is offering several new items in its Osteo-Bi-Flex glucosamine chondroitin brand. (thefreedictionary.com)
Nutrients3
- In addition, chondroitin works with other nutrients like glucosamine to stimulate the rebuilding and maintenance of cartilage. (naturessunshine.com)
- Although glucosamine and chondroitin is present in some foods, it's actually difficult to find these nutrients in your diet. (hollandandbarrett.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a major constituent of cartilage , providing structure, holding water and nutrients, and allowing other molecules to move through cartilage-an important property, as there is no blood supply to cartilage. (peacehealth.org)
Theory is that chondroitin2
- Another theory is that chondroitin blocks the formation of certain enzymes that tumors produce to invade surrounding tissue. (arthritis-symptom.com)
- While the theory is that chondroitin supplements can help slow the breakdown of cartilage there is lack of evidence to support this claim. (livestrong.com)
Supplements glucosamine and chondroitin1
- Two natural supplements glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are at the core of this program. (herbalremedies.com)
Pharmaceutical-grade1
- While these results are promising, Dr. Pelletier would like to point out that the study only used pharmaceutical-grade chondroitin, and results may not be similar for all chondroitin products such as food supplements. (newswise.com)
People take chondroitin1
- Why do people take chondroitin? (webmd.com)
Take chondroitin sulfate2
- However, until more is known, do not take chondroitin sulfate if you have prostate cancer or are at high risk for developing it (you have a brother or father with prostate cancer). (medlineplus.gov)
- Patients taking blood-thinning medications or daily aspirin should not take chondroitin sulfate, as it may contribute to bleeding. (spine-health.com)
Sulfate and glucosamine sulfate1
- Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate are potent inhibitors of HIV. (greenmedinfo.com)
GLUCOSAMINE CHONDROITIN COMPLEX2
- Glucosamine Chondroitin complex from solgar with or thousands of other natural and organic supplements at Mothernature.com. (seniormag.com)
- Troo Health Care provide a high grade selection of glucosamine supplements, including a glucosamine chondroitin complex and glucosamine patches. (troohealthcare.com)
Naturally4
- I have been taking a glucosamine chondroitin combination for a long time, so naturally I was concerned. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Glucosamine and chondroitin are two substances that occur naturally in the body. (articleinsider.com)
- Chondroitin is a naturally occurring substance formed of sugar chains. (cigna.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a naturally occurring substance in the body. (memorialhealth.com)