An arylsulfatase with high specificity towards sulfated steroids. Defects in this enzyme are the cause of ICHTHYOSIS, X-LINKED.
An enzyme that specifically cleaves the ester sulfate of iduronic acid. Its deficiency has been demonstrated in Hunter's syndrome, which is characterized by an excess of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. EC 3.1.6.13.
An enzyme from the sulfuric ester hydrolase class that breaks down one of the products of the chondroitin lyase II reaction. EC 3.1.6.9.
Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of a phenol sulfate to yield a phenol and sulfate. Arylsulfatase A, B, and C have been separated. A deficiency of arylsulfatases is one of the causes of metachromatic leukodystrophy (LEUKODYSTROPHY, METACHROMATIC). EC 3.1.6.1.
An arylsulfatase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-sulfate groups of the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. A deficiency of this enzyme is responsible for the inherited lysosomal disease, Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS VI). EC 3.1.6.12.
A group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of various sulfate bonds of chondroitin sulfate. EC 3.1.6.-.
Systemic lysosomal storage disease marked by progressive physical deterioration and caused by a deficiency of L-sulfoiduronate sulfatase. This disease differs from MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS I by slower progression, lack of corneal clouding, and X-linked rather than autosomal recessive inheritance. The mild form produces near-normal intelligence and life span. The severe form usually causes death by age 15.
An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containing lipids (sulfatides) and MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Excess levels of both substrates are present in urine. This is a disorder of multiple sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused by the mutation of sulfatase-modifying factor-1. Neurological deterioration is rapid.
Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with steroid sulfatase deficiency.
An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cerebroside 3-sulfate (sulfatide) to yield a cerebroside and inorganic sulfate. A marked deficiency of arylsulfatase A, which is considered the heat-labile component of cerebroside sulfatase, has been demonstrated in all forms of metachromatic leukodystrophy (LEUKODYSTROPHY, METACHROMATIC). EC 3.1.6.8.
Genetic disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism characterized by skeletal abnormalities, joint instability, development of cervical myelopathy, and excessive urinary keratan sulfate. There are two biochemically distinct forms, each due to a deficiency of a different enzyme.
Any of several generalized skin disorders characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic, but some are acquired, developing in association with other systemic disease or genetic syndrome.
Enzymes which transfer sulfate groups to various acceptor molecules. They are involved in posttranslational sulfation of proteins and sulfate conjugation of exogenous chemicals and bile acids. EC 2.8.2.
Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE (arylsulfatase B).
An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to intralysosomal accumulation of cerebroside sulfate (SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS) in the nervous system and other organs. Pathological features include diffuse demyelination, and metachromatically-staining granules in many cell types such as the GLIAL CELLS. There are several allelic and nonallelic forms with a variety of neurological symptoms.
A group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGOLIPIDS primarily in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and to a variable degree in the visceral organs. They are classified by the enzyme defect in the degradation pathway and the substrate accumulation (or storage). Clinical features vary in subtypes but neurodegeneration is a common sign.
An aromatized C18 steroid with a 3-hydroxyl group and a 17-ketone, a major mammalian estrogen. It is converted from ANDROSTENEDIONE directly, or from TESTOSTERONE via ESTRADIOL. In humans, it is produced primarily by the cyclic ovaries, PLACENTA, and the ADIPOSE TISSUE of men and postmenopausal women.
Inorganic or organic oxy acids of sulfur which contain the RSO2(OH) radical.
Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical severity within one enzyme deficiency.
Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.
A class of enzymes that catalyzes the oxidation of 17-hydroxysteroids to 17-ketosteroids. EC 1.1.-.
Inborn errors of metabolism characterized by defects in specific lysosomal hydrolases and resulting in intracellular accumulation of unmetabolized substrates.
Mucopolysaccharidosis characterized by heparitin sulfate in the urine, progressive mental retardation, mild dwarfism, and other skeletal disorders. There are four clinically indistinguishable but biochemically distinct forms, each due to a deficiency of a different enzyme.
Inorganic salts of sulfuric acid.
Synthetic or naturally occurring substances related to coumarin, the delta-lactone of coumarinic acid.
The female sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes in human and other male-heterogametic species.
The circulating form of a major C19 steroid produced primarily by the ADRENAL CORTEX. DHEA sulfate serves as a precursor for TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE.
A synthetic progestational hormone with no androgenic or estrogenic properties. Unlike many other progestational compounds, dydrogesterone produces no increase in temperature and does not inhibit OVULATION.
A class of morphologically heterogeneous cytoplasmic particles in animal and plant tissues characterized by their content of hydrolytic enzymes and the structure-linked latency of these enzymes. The intracellular functions of lysosomes depend on their lytic potential. The single unit membrane of the lysosome acts as a barrier between the enzymes enclosed in the lysosome and the external substrate. The activity of the enzymes contained in lysosomes is limited or nil unless the vesicle in which they are enclosed is ruptured. Such rupture is supposed to be under metabolic (hormonal) control. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
A genus of gram-positive, anaerobic, coccoid bacteria that is part of the normal flora of the mouth, upper respiratory tract, and large intestine in humans. Its organisms cause infections of soft tissues and bacteremias.
Enzymes which catalyze the elimination of glucuronate residues from chondroitin A,B, and C or which catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate groups of the 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose 6-sulfate units of chondroitin sulfate. EC 4.2.2.-.
Heteropolysaccharides which contain an N-acetylated hexosamine in a characteristic repeating disaccharide unit. The repeating structure of each disaccharide involves alternate 1,4- and 1,3-linkages consisting of either N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine.
Therapeutic replacement or supplementation of defective or missing enzymes to alleviate the effects of enzyme deficiency (e.g., GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE replacement for GAUCHER DISEASE).
A heterogeneous group of bone dysplasias, the common character of which is stippling of the epiphyses in infancy. The group includes a severe autosomal recessive form (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC), an autosomal dominant form (Conradi-Hunermann syndrome), and a milder X-linked form. Metabolic defects associated with impaired peroxisomes are present only in the rhizomelic form.
Steroidal compounds in which one or more carbon atoms in the steroid ring system have been substituted with nitrogen atoms.
An enzyme that catalyzes the desaturation (aromatization) of the ring A of C19 androgens and converts them to C18 estrogens. In this process, the 19-methyl is removed. This enzyme is membrane-bound, located in the endoplasmic reticulum of estrogen-producing cells of ovaries, placenta, testes, adipose, and brain tissues. Aromatase is encoded by the CYP19 gene, and functions in complex with NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE in the cytochrome P-450 system.
A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, nonsporeforming, nonmotile rods. Organisms of this genus had originally been classified as members of the BACTEROIDES genus but overwhelming biochemical and chemical findings in 1990 indicated the need to separate them from other Bacteroides species, and hence, this new genus was established.
Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
Abnormal number or structure of the SEX CHROMOSOMES. Some sex chromosome aberrations are associated with SEX CHROMOSOME DISORDERS and SEX CHROMOSOME DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT.
Pregnadienes which have undergone ring contractions or are lacking carbon-18 or carbon-19.
A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed)
Any member of the class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the substrate and the addition of water to the resulting molecules, e.g., ESTERASES, glycosidases (GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES), lipases, NUCLEOTIDASES, peptidases (PEPTIDE HYDROLASES), and phosphatases (PHOSPHORIC MONOESTER HYDROLASES). EC 3.
A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.
Enzymes which catalyze the elimination of delta-4,5-D-glucuronate residues from polysaccharides containing 1,4-beta-hexosaminyl and 1,3-beta-D-glucuronosyl or 1,3-alpha-L-iduronosyl linkages thereby bringing about depolymerization. EC 4.2.2.4 acts on chondroitin sulfate A and C as well as on dermatan sulfate and slowly on hyaluronate. EC 4.2.2.5 acts on chondroitin sulfate A and C.
Certain tumors that 1, arise in organs that are normally dependent on specific hormones and 2, are stimulated or caused to regress by manipulation of the endocrine environment.
Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate.
Organic esters of sulfuric acid.
Any cell, other than a ZYGOTE, that contains elements (such as NUCLEI and CYTOPLASM) from two or more different cells, usually produced by artificial CELL FUSION.
An indirect sympathomimetic. Tyramine does not directly activate adrenergic receptors, but it can serve as a substrate for adrenergic uptake systems and monoamine oxidase so it prolongs the actions of adrenergic transmitters. It also provokes transmitter release from adrenergic terminals. Tyramine may be a neurotransmitter in some invertebrate nervous systems.
17-Hydroxy-6-methylpregna-3,6-diene-3,20-dione. A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.
The homologous chromosomes that are dissimilar in the heterogametic sex. There are the X CHROMOSOME, the Y CHROMOSOME, and the W, Z chromosomes (in animals in which the female is the heterogametic sex (the silkworm moth Bombyx mori, for example)). In such cases the W chromosome is the female-determining and the male is ZZ. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Inorganic and organic derivatives of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The salts and esters of sulfuric acid are known as SULFATES and SULFURIC ACID ESTERS respectively.
A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).
Genetic mechanisms that allow GENES to be expressed at a similar level irrespective of their GENE DOSAGE. This term is usually used in discussing genes that lie on the SEX CHROMOSOMES. Because the sex chromosomes are only partially homologous, there is a different copy number, i.e., dosage, of these genes in males vs. females. In DROSOPHILA, dosage compensation is accomplished by hypertranscription of genes located on the X CHROMOSOME. In mammals, dosage compensation of X chromosome genes is accomplished by random X CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION of one of the two X chromosomes in the female.
Analyses for a specific enzyme activity, or of the level of a specific enzyme that is used to assess health and disease risk, for early detection of disease or disease prediction, diagnosis, and change in disease status.
A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Its organisms are normal inhabitants of the oral, respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital cavities of humans, animals, and insects. Some species may be pathogenic.
A 21-carbon steroid, derived from CHOLESTEROL and found in steroid hormone-producing tissues. Pregnenolone is the precursor to GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.
Substances which are of little or no nutritive value, but are used in the processing or storage of foods or animal feed, especially in the developed countries; includes ANTIOXIDANTS; FOOD PRESERVATIVES; FOOD COLORING AGENTS; FLAVORING AGENTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS (both plain and LOCAL); VEHICLES; EXCIPIENTS and other similarly used substances. Many of the same substances are PHARMACEUTIC AIDS when added to pharmaceuticals rather than to foods.
A class of inorganic or organic compounds that contain the borohydride (BH4-) anion.
Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.
Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of N-acylhexosamine residues in N-acylhexosamides. Hexosaminidases also act on GLUCOSIDES; GALACTOSIDES; and several OLIGOSACCHARIDES.
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.
The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.
A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.
A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. At least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains D-galactose and D-glucosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains D-galactose and D-galactosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit.
The male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans and in some other male-heterogametic species in which the homologue of the X chromosome has been retained.
The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.
Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid.
Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero.
A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2.
The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Ubiquitous macromolecules associated with the cell surface and extracellular matrix of a wide range of cells of vertebrate and invertebrate tissues. They are essential cofactors in cell-matrix adhesion processes, in cell-cell recognition systems, and in receptor-growth factor interactions. (From Cancer Metastasis Rev 1996; 15(2): 177-86; Hepatology 1996; 24(3): 524-32)
The occurrence in an individual of two or more cell populations of different chromosomal constitutions, derived from a single ZYGOTE, as opposed to CHIMERISM in which the different cell populations are derived from more than one zygote.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.
Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.
A mutation caused by the substitution of one nucleotide for another. This results in the DNA molecule having a change in a single base pair.
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. Some species are pathogenic for humans, animals, and plants.
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.
White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in enzyme synthesis.
A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.
A water-soluble extractive mixture of sulfated polysaccharides from RED ALGAE. Chief sources are the Irish moss CHONDRUS CRISPUS (Carrageen), and Gigartina stellata. It is used as a stabilizer, for suspending COCOA in chocolate manufacture, and to clarify BEVERAGES.
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.
A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.
Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.
Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.
Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form.
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.
The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Report of a mucopolysaccharidosis occurring in Australian aborigines. (1/74)

The first 2 reported cases of a mucopolysaccharidosis occurring in an Australian aboriginal family are presented. Though these children had the characteristic morphological features of the Hurler syndrome, enzyme assay of cultured fibroblasts showed normal levels of alpha-L-iduronidase and decreased activity of arylsulphatase B. Thus, they represented the Hurler syndrome clinically, while they had the enzyme defect of the Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, and they may represent a new severe form of the Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. The parents of these children were first cousins. Though the children were not full blood aborigines, examination of the pedigree indicates that the gene originated in the common aboriginal family.  (+info)

Microanalysis of enzyme digests of hyaluronan and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE). (2/74)

Hyaluronan and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate are glycosaminoglycans that play major roles in the biomechanical properties of a wide variety of tissues, including cartilage. A chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chain can be divided into three regions: (1) a single linkage region oligosaccharide, through which the chain is attached to its proteoglycan core protein, (2) numerous internal repeat disaccharides, which comprise the bulk of the chain, and (3) a single nonreducing terminal saccharide structure. Each of these regions of a chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chain has its own level of microheterogeneity of structure, which varies with proteoglycan class, tissue source, species, and pathology. We have developed rapid, simple, and sensitive protocols for detection, characterization and quantitation of the saccharide structures from the internal disaccharide and nonreducing terminal regions of hyaluronan and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chains. These protocols rely on the generation of saccharide structures with free reducing groups by specific enzymatic treatments (hyaluronidase/chondroitinase) which are then quantitatively tagged though their free reducing groups with the fluorescent reporter, 2-aminoacridone. These saccharide structures are further characterized by modification through additional enzymatic (sulfatase) or chemical (mercuric ion) treatments. After separation by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis, the relative fluorescence in each band is quantitated with a cooled, charge-coupled device camera for analysis. Specifically, the digestion products identified are (1) unsaturated internal Deltadisaccharides including DeltaDiHA, DeltaDi0S, DeltaDi2S, DeltaDi4S, DeltaDi6S, DeltaDi2,4S, DeltaDi2,6S, DeltaDi4,6S, and DeltaDi2,4,6S; (2) saturated nonreducing terminal disaccharides including DiHA, Di0S, Di4S and Di6S; and (3) nonreducing terminal hexosamines including glcNAc, galNAc, 4S-galNAc, 6S-galNAc, and 4, 6S-galNAc.  (+info)

Slow reacting substance as a preformed mediator from human lung. (3/74)

Homogenates from human lung contained a preformed slow reacting substance (pSRS). The pattern of contraction on the guinea-pig ileum by pSRS was indistinguishable from that of SRS-A. The activity of pSRS could not be attributed to the presence of K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, or any prostaglandin including PGF2 or its 15-oxo derivative. As with SRS-A, pSRS could be absorbed onto Amberlite XAD-2 and silicic acid. Both were eluted from the former with 80 per cent ethanol and from the latter with a mixture of ethanol, ammonia and water. Both pSRS and SRS-A were resistant to the action of NaOH whereas their activities were destroyed by boiling in HCl. Arylsulphatase II B destroyed the activities of both pSRS and SRS-A. An antagonist of SRS-A, FPL55712, inhibited the action of pSRS at comparable concentrations to that of SRS-A. These experiments suggest that pSRS and SRS-A are identical. Thus SRS joins histamine and ECF-A as a preformed mediator. Although SRS was present in a preformed state the amount of material extractable was more than doubled by the anaphylactic reaction. The extraction of slow reacting substance from human lung without apparent requirement for antigen or antibody points to a possible role of this mediator in inflammatory reactions evoked by mechanisms independent of IgE and other tissue-sensitizing antibodies.  (+info)

Correction of human mucopolysaccharidosis type-VI fibroblasts with recombinant N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulphatase. (4/74)

A full-length human N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulphatase (4-sulphatase) cDNA clone was constructed and expressed in CHO-DK1 cells under the transcriptional control of the Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat. A clonal cell line expressing high activities of human 4-sulphatase was isolated. The maturation and processing of the human enzyme in this transfected CHO cell line showed it to be identical with that seen in normal human skin fibroblasts. The high-uptake precursor form of the recombinant enzyme was purified from the medium of the transfected cells treated with NH4Cl and was shown to be efficiently endocytosed by control fibroblasts and by fibroblasts from a mucopolysaccharidosis type-VI (MPS VI) patient. Enzyme uptake was inhibitable by mannose 6-phosphate. After uptake, the enzyme was processed normally in both normal and MPS VI fibroblasts and was shown both to correct the enzymic defect and to initiate degradation of [35S]sulphated dermatan sulphate in MPS VI fibroblasts. The stabilities of the recombinant enzyme and enzyme from human fibroblasts appeared to be similar after uptake. However, endocytosed enzyme has a significantly shorter half-life than endogenous human enzyme. The purified precursor 4-sulphatase had a similar pH optimum and catalytic parameters to the mature form of 4-sulphatase isolated from human liver.  (+info)

Multiple sulfatase deficiency: catalytically inactive sulfatases are expressed from retrovirally introduced sulfatase cDNAs. (5/74)

Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is an inherited lysosomal storage disease characterized by the deficiency of at least seven sulfatases. The basic defect in MSD is thought to be in a post-translational modification common to all sulfatases. In accordance with this concept, RNAs of normal size and amount were detected in MSD fibroblasts for three sulfatases tested. cDNAs encoding arylsulfatase A, arylsulfatase B, or steroid sulfatase were introduced into MSD fibroblasts and fibroblasts with a single sulfatase deficiency by retroviral gene transfer. Infected fibroblasts overexpressed the respective sulfatase polypeptides. While in single-sulfatase-deficiency fibroblasts a concomitant increase of sulfatase activities was observed, MSD fibroblasts expressed sulfatase polypeptides with a severely diminished catalytic activity. From these results we conclude that the mutation in MSD severely decreases the capacity of a co- or post-translational process that renders sulfatases enzymatically active or prevents their premature inactivation.  (+info)

Localization of arylsulphatase A and B activities in rat kidney. (6/74)

Very high arylsulphatase activity has been detected in rat kidney. It is the highest in renal cortex (19 U/g tissue), 3-30 times higher than in other rat organs. Histochemically, arylsulphatase B (N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulphate sulphatase) activity is localized in large lysosomes of proximal convoluted tubules, where it accounts for over 90% of total arylsulphatase activity. This suggests that the enzyme plays an important role in the degradation of endocytosed sulphated oligosaccharides.  (+info)

Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome). An intermediate clinical phenotype caused by substitution of valine for glycine at position 137 of arylsulfatase B. (7/74)

The Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type VI) is a lysosomal storage disease with autosomal recessive inheritance caused by deficiency of the enzyme arylsulfatase B. Severe, intermediate, and mild forms of the disease have been described. The molecular correlate of the clinical heterogeneity is not known at present. To identify the molecular defect in a patient with the intermediate form of the disease, arylsulfatase B mRNA from his fibroblasts was reverse-transcribed, amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, and subcloned. Three point mutations were detected by DNA sequence analysis, two of which, a silent A to G transition at nucleotide 1191 and a G to A transition at nucleotide 1126 resulting in a methionine for valine 376 substitution, were polymorphisms. A G to T transversion at nucleotide 410 causing a valine for glycine 137 substitution (G137V) was identified as the mutation underlying the Maroteaux-Lamy phenotype of the patient, who was homozygous for the allele. The kinetic parameters of the mutant arylsulfatase B enzyme toward a radiolabeled trisaccharide substrate were normal excluding an alteration of the active site. The G137V mutation did not affect the synthesis but severely reduced the stability of the arylsulfatase B precursor. While the wild type precursor is converted by limited proteolysis in late endosomes or lysosomes to a mature form, the majority of the mutant precursor was degraded presumably in a compartment proximal to the trans Golgi network and only a small amount escaped to the lysosomes accounting for the low residual enzyme activity in fibroblasts of a patient with the juvenile form of the disease.  (+info)

Evidence for differential regulation of genes in the chondroitin sulfate utilization pathway of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. (8/74)

Expression of the chondroitin sulfate utilization (csu) genes of Bacterioides thetaiotaomicron is regulated by chondroitin sulfate. We have now found, however, that the csu genes are not all regulated in the same way. In particular, the gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (csuE) is expressed under two different conditions that do not lead to expression of other csu genes.  (+info)

Arylsulfatase B encoded by this gene belongs to the sulfatase family. The arylsulfatase B homodimer hydrolyzes sulfate groups of N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine, chondriotin sulfate, and dermatan sulfate. The protein is targetted to the lysozyme. Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from a deficiency of arylsulfatase B. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
ARSB : Arylsulfatase B (ARSB) can be measured with nitrocatechol sulfate as the substrate. The conditions established are such that arylsulfatase A activity is minimal and its residual activity can be accounted for and subtracted from the activity of ARSB.(Baum H, Dodgson KS, Spencer B: Assay of arylsulfatases A and B in human urine. Clin Chim Acta 1959;4:453-455)
ARSB antibody [N3C3] (arylsulfatase B) for WB. Anti-ARSB pAb (GTX102829) is tested in Human, Mouse, Rat samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.
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TY - JOUR. T1 - Decline in arylsulfatase B leads to increased invasiveness of melanoma cells. AU - Bhattacharyya, Sumit. AU - Feferman, Leo. AU - Terai, Kaoru. AU - Dudek, Arkadiusz Z.. AU - Tobacman, Joanne K.. PY - 2017/1/1. Y1 - 2017/1/1. N2 - Arylsulfatase B (ARSB; N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase) is reduced in several malignancies, but levels in melanoma have not been investigated previously. Experiments were performed in melanoma cell lines to determine ARSB activity and impact on melanoma invasiveness. ARSB activity was reduced ~50% in melanoma cells compared to normal melanocytes. Silencing ARSB significantly increased the mRNA expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan(CSPG)4 and pro-matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2, known mediators of melanoma progression. Also, invasiveness and MMP activity increased when ARSB was reduced, and recombinant ARSB inhibited invasiveness and MMP activity. Since the only known function of ARSB is to remove 4-sulfate groups from the ...
MPS VI is an autosomal recessive disease this means that both parents must carry the same affected gene and each pass this same affected gene to their child.. People probably carry from 5 to 10 genes with mutations in each of their cells. Problems happen when the particular gene is dominant or when a mutation is present in both copies of a recessive gene pair. Genes are the unique set of instructions inside our bodies that make each of us an individual. They are the blueprint for our growth and development, as well as controlling how our bodies function. Genes are carried on structures called chromosomes and it is usual to have 23 pairs. A child will inherit half of the chromosomes from the mother and the other half from the father resulting in 23 pairs. 22 of these pairs look the same in both males and females. Pair 23 are the sex chromosomes, and this is the pair that differ between females and males. The X chromosome is inherited from the mother and the Y chromosome is inherited from the ...
Myelopathy due to compression of the cervical spinal cord by thickened dura developed in a patient with Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. During the last trimester of pr
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of rare metabolic diseases characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans. MPS type VI or Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome is an autosomal-recessive syndrome caused by mutations in the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase B. A defect in the gene leads to accumulation of nondegraded mucopolysaccharides, resulting in severe cellular dysfunction with multisystem expression. The oral manifestations of MPS VI are not well described in the literature. This paper presents a series of seven patients with MPS VI, with the description of the general clinical manifestations and focus on the still rarely studied oral manifestations of the syndrome. Among them were high palate, open bite, impacted and/or included teeth, thickening of the pericoronal follicle, and changes in the temporomandibular joint. (Quintessence Int 2012;43:e32 e38) Key words: arylsulfatase B, metabolic diseases, mucopolysaccharidosis, oral manfestations ...
Mucopolysaccharidosis VI: Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE (arylsulfatase B).
The relative activities of arylsulphatases A and B were measured in rat liver parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, in peritoneal macrophages and in a number of rat tissues. Although absolute values cannot be obtained, it was shown that the arylsulphatase B/arylsulphatase A activity ratio is much higher in non-parenchymal cells than in parenchymal cells. The ratios in adrenals, brain and testis are very similar to each other but differ from those found in spleen, kidney and liver. These ratio variations may be caused by alterations in the activity of the B enzyme rather than the A enzyme. The relatively high B enzyme/A enzyme ratios in all rat tissues explains why the method devised for the independent assay of human arylsulphatases A and B cannot be employed with rat tissues.. ...
Our daughter, Ryleigh, was diagnosed with a rare chromosomal deletion shortly after she was born in 2010. Since we received her diagnosis, the Greenwood Genetic Center has become part of our family. They made certain that we did not feel alone, and they continue to provide ongoing, compassionate care for our child. The impact they have had on our family and others across the globe everyday is immeasurable. We cant imagine walking this journey without ...
Mucopolysaccharidosis VI information including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, causes, patient stories, videos, forums, prevention, and prognosis.
Maroteaux-Lamy disease (MPS VI) is a lysosomal storage disease inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. The responsible mutations lie in ARSB (5q11-q13), the gene that encodes the enzyme arylsulfatase B. The phenotype results from defective dermatan sulfate breakdown with lysosomal accumulation. This accumulation of glycosaminoglycans is responsible for the widespread signs and symptoms found in this disease. Bone destruction in shoulders, hips and skull is often seen by the second decade of life and may become evident later in the knees and spine. Early growth may be normal but eventually slows resulting in short stature. Dysplasia of bones comprising these joints leads to stiffness and restricted movement. The face is dysmorphic with coarse features. Bone dysplasia and facial dysmorphism may be seen at birth.. Myelopathy and even tetraplegia can result from vertebral compression. Intelligence is often normal although more severely affected individuals may have some cognitive defects due to ...
Delayed growth and numerous skeletal issues are the first clinical signs that eventually lead to a diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VI in a young male.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Transcultural Understanding of a Hereditary Disorder. T2 - Mucopolysaccharidosis VI in a Vietnamese Family. AU - Handelman, Lauren. AU - Menahem, Samuel. AU - Eisenbruch, I. Maurice. PY - 1989/1/1. Y1 - 1989/1/1. N2 - A case study of a family referred for clarification of cultural issues illustrates how a transcultural psychiatric service developed in the pediatric hospital setting can be used to advantage. A Vietnamese family with an inherited disorder, Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, MPS VI),1 resisted genetic counseling and contraception. Three out of their six children were affected, one with a fatal outcome. The transcultural consultation offered an understanding of their behavior and facilitated subsequent management.. AB - A case study of a family referred for clarification of cultural issues illustrates how a transcultural psychiatric service developed in the pediatric hospital setting can be used to advantage. A Vietnamese family with an inherited ...
Arylsulfatases: Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of a phenol sulfate to yield a phenol and sulfate. Arylsulfatase A, B, and C have been separated. A deficiency of arylsulfatases is one of the causes of metachromatic leukodystrophy (LEUKODYSTROPHY, METACHROMATIC). EC 3.1.6.1.
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Galsulfase, a Food and Drug Administration-approved enzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis VI, is administered once weekly in a hospital setting as a 4-hour intravenous infusion. To improve convenience and alleviate family responsibilities associated with clinic visits, some physicians are transitioning appropriate patients to home infusion therapy. An online survey was conducted with 3 physicians treating 4 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis VI to better understand the factors motivating the transition to home infusion therapy, identify characteristics of appropriate candidates, and evaluate the potential impact on the lives of patients and their families. Survey results showed that home infusion may offer patients and their families increased flexibility of schedule and enhanced family life ...
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The following tests are included in this combination: Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), Progressive retinal atrophy (pd-PRA), Hypotrichosis and short life expectancy and Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS6).
Background-Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) VI, loss of function mutations in arylsulfatase B (ASB) leads to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), manifesting as a myriad of cardiac symptoms. Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in non-MPS failing hearts, and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. Methods-Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immuno-staining methods to analyze for GAG distribution. GAGs were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes using Alcian Blue assay and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in three primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1 derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. In two rat models of ...
Recently, tissue engineering has merged with stem cell technology with interest to develop new sources of transplantable material for injury or disease treatment. Eminently interesting, are bone and joint injuries/disorders because of the low self-regenerating capacity of the matrix secreting cells, particularly chondrocytes. ES cells have the unlimited capacity to self-renew and maintain their pluripotency in culture. Upon induction of various signals they will then differentiate into distinctive cell types such as neurons, cardiomyocytes and osteoblasts. We present here that BMP-2 can drive ES cells to the cartilage, osteoblast or adipogenic fate depending on supplementary co-factors. TGFβ1, insulin and ascorbic acid were identified as signals that together with BMP-2 induce a chondrocytic phenotype that is characterized by increased expression of cartilage marker genes in a timely co-ordinated fashion. Expression of collagen type IIB and aggrecan, indicative of a fully mature state, continuously
Sulfatase Modifying Factor 2/SUMF2 products available through Novus Biologicals. Browse our Sulfatase Modifying Factor 2/SUMF2 product catalog backed by our Guarantee+.
Mouse anti Human Sulfatase 2 (C-Terminal) antibody, clone 2B4 recognizes an epitope within the C-terminal (CT) subunit of Sulfatase 2 (Sul
|strong|Mouse anti Human Sulfatase 2 (C-Terminal) antibody, clone 2B4|/strong| recognizes an epitope within the C-terminal (CT) subunit of Sulfatase 2 (Sulf-2). Sulf-2 is a novel extracellular heparan…
The interplay between metabolic, inflammatory, and mechanical stressors, passive mineralization inhibitors, and calcitrophic hormones determines the fate of multipotent vascular progenitors that regulate vascular calcium load. Although vascular calcification may appear to be a uniform response to vascular insult, it is a heterogenous disorder, with overlapping yet distinct mechanisms of initiation, histopathological progression, and clinical consequences. A large number of issues have yet to be resolved concerning the regulation of vascular calcification. A detailed understanding of the origins of the chondro- and osteoprogenitors needs to be established. The relative contributions of transdifferentiating VSMCs and migratory adventitial myofibroblasts to vascular calcification responses needs to be determined. In addition, it is probable that a homing response induced by vascular injury will recruit circulating marrow skeletal progenitors (47) and contribute to disease progression, including ...
Sulfatase 2兔多克隆抗体(ab101057)可与人样本反应并经WB, ICC/IF实验严格验证。中国75%以上现货,所有产品均提供质保服务,可通过电话、电邮或微信获得本地专属技术支持。
Abcam provides specific protocols for Anti-Iduronate 2 sulfatase antibody (ab85701) : Western blot protocols, Immunohistochemistry protocols
Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is a rare disorder characterized by impaired activity of all known sulfatases. The gene mutated in this disease is SUMF1, which encodes a protein involved in a post-translational modification at the catalytic site of all sulfatases that is necessary for their function. SUMF1 strongly enhances the activity of sulfatases when coexpressed with sulfatase in Cos-7 cells. We performed a mutational analysis of SUMF1 in 20 MSD patients of different ethnic origin. The clinical presentation of these patients was variable, ranging from severe neonatal forms to mild phenotypes showing mild neurological involvement. A total of 22 SUMF1 mutations were identified, including missense, nonsense, microdeletion, and splicing mutations. We expressed all missense mutations in culture to study their ability to enhance the activity of sulfatases. Of the predicted amino acid changes, 11 (p.R349W, p.R224W, p.L20F, p.A348P, p.S155P, p.C218Y, p.N259I, p.A279V, p.R349Q, p.C336R, p.A177P)
Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is a rare disorder characterized by impaired activity of all known sulfatases. The gene mutated in this disease is SUMF1, which encodes a protein involved in a post-translational modification at the catalytic site of all sulfatases that is necessary for their func …
Many steps are necessary for the correct synthesis and processing of lysosomal enzymes.. Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs) are caused by genetic defects that affect the synthesis or processing of lysosomal hydrolases. Therefore, a lysosomal disorder can be due to a defect in a specific hydrolase, by deficiencies in activator proteins, in the receptors or in the trafficking of enzymes.. The EUCLYD consortium will be focusing on four specific LSDs, namely Gaucher disease, Pompe disease, Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI) and Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD), as prototypes of disorders with different stored materials in various organs and tissues outside the CNS.. The issues to be investigated in the proposed project are: i. pathophysiology and mechanisms underlying the symptoms and leading to devastating clinical consequences; ii. natural history, and iii. testing of novel therapeutic approaches. These issues will be addressed by patients studies and with animal models recapitulating the ...
Research Project: A natural history study of Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD) in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) - The objective of discovering and validating phenotypes amenable for high- throughput drug screening, or screenotypes. Principle Investigator: Ethan Perlstein Ph.D.. Co-Applicant: Joshua Mast, Ph.D.. (An extract from Perlaras website). Perlara, a drug discovery platform company partnering with highly motivated families and drug developers to cure diseases thought too rare to matter, today announced a PerlQuest partnership with MSD Action Foundation (MSDAF), a research-focused charity based in Ireland. Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD) is an ultra-rare monogenic lysosomal disorder caused by mutations in the evolutionarily conserved gene SUMF1. MSD Action Foundation is aware of 62 living patients worldwide that are affected but the actual number is thought to be much higher. There are currently no approved treatments for MSD.. SUMF1 encodes a protein called ...
What rhymes with n-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase? Lookup it up at Rhymes.net - the most comprehensive rhyming words dictionary on the web!
Arylsulfatase A antibody [N2C2], Internal (arylsulfatase A) for WB. Anti-Arylsulfatase A pAb (GTX106155) is tested in Human samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.
Enzyme replacement therapy: Enzyme replacement therapy is available for mucopolysaccharidoses type I (Hurler-Scheie and Scheie phenotypes), type II (Hunter syndrome), and type VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome). Although enzyme replacement therapy may have systemic benefits for the patient, little evidence suggests that it favorably alters the natural history of the spinal disease. ...
N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the GALNS gene. This gene encodes N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase, which is a lysosomal exohydrolase required for the degradation of the glycosaminoglycans keratan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate. Sequence alterations including point, missense and nonsense mutations, as well as those that affect splicing, result in a deficiency of this enzyme. Deficiencies of this enzyme lead to Morquio A syndrome, a lysosomal storage disorder. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000141012 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000015027 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. Mouse PubMed Reference:. Tomatsu S, Fukuda S, Masue M, Sukegawa K, Fukao T, Yamagishi A, Hori T, Iwata H, Ogawa T, Nakashima Y, et al. (Jan 1992). Morquio disease: isolation, characterization and expression of full-length cDNA for human N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 181 (2): 677-83. ...
Sulfatases are enzymes essential for degradation and remodeling of sulfate esters. Formylglycine (FGly), the key catalytic residue in the active site, is unique to sulfatases. In higher eukaryotes, FGly is generated from a cysteine precursor by the FGly-generating enzyme (FGE). Inactivity of FGE results in multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD), a fatal autosomal recessive syndrome. Based on the crystal structure, we report that FGE is a single-domain monomer with a surprising paucity of secondary structure and adopts a unique fold. The effect of all 18 missense mutations found in MSD patients is explained by the FGE structure, providing a molecular basis of MSD. The catalytic mechanism of FGly generation was elucidated by six high-resolution structures of FGE in different redox environments. The structures allow formulation of a novel oxygenase mechanism whereby FGE utilizes molecular oxygen to generate FGly via a cysteine sulfenic acid intermediate. Molecular basis for multiple sulfatase ...
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPSs) are inherited metabolic diseases caused by a deficiency of lysosomal enzymes responsible for degradation of glycosaminoglycans, resulting in accumulation of these macromolecules within the lysosomes of cells,resulting in dysfunction of various organs and tissues in a progressive manner. A variation of this disease is a mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VI or Maroteax-Lamy syndrome, in which the patient appears normal at birth but, in addition to the accumulation of MPSs arise progressive deformities such as short stature, coarse face, contractures joint, several skeletal defects, as well as cardiovascular,hepatoesplenomigalia, ocular, oral and speech therapy. This type of MPS does not have mental retardation and psychomotor retardation. This report presents some consequences arising from the speech therapy and dental syndrome, a carrier male with eight years of age. Physical examinations were performed, radiographic, speech therapy, dental, medical history and also ...
Define Arylsulfatase E. Arylsulfatase E synonyms, Arylsulfatase E pronunciation, Arylsulfatase E translation, English dictionary definition of Arylsulfatase E. n. Chiefly British Slang Variant of ass2. or n 1. the buttocks 2. the anus 3. a stupid person; fool 4. sexual intercourse 5. Austral effrontery; cheek 6....
The pig endometrial arylsulphatase A was purified 3322-fold to a specific activity of 150 mumol/min per mg. The purification involved (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose and DEAE-Sepharose, gel filtrations on Sephadex G-200 at pH 7.4 and 5, and a new preparative gel-electrophoresis technique. The homogeneous enzyme is a glycoprotein containing 20% carbohydrate. The purified enzyme has Mr about 120 000 and it contains subunits of Mr 63 000. The pig endometrial arylsulphatase A shows many properties in common with those of arylsulphatases A purified from other sources. The similarities include their low isoelectric points, the anomalous time-activity relationships, multi-pH optima, inhibition by SO3(2-), SO4(2-), phosphate ions, metal ions and nucleoside phosphates, pH- and ionic-strength-dependent polymerization and amino acid composition. ...
Background endoplasmic reticulum lumen, arylsulfatase activity, glycosphingolipid metabolic process, post-translational protein modification Description ARSH Polyclonal Antibody, FITC Conjugated. FITC. Raised in Rabbit....
G. DUBOIS, J. C. TURPIN, N. BAUMANN; Electrophoretic Characterization of A and B Isoenzymes of Arylsulfatase. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1974; 2 (2): 256. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0020256. Download citation file:. ...
iduronate 2 sulfatase Antibody 17140-1-AP has been identified with ELISA. 17140-1-AP detected band in {{ptg:PositiveWB}} with {{ptg:WesternTiter}} dilution...
Indikasjoner:Voksne inkl. eldre, ungdom ≥16 år: Symptomatisk behandling av artrose, revmatoid artritt, Bekhterevs sykdom samt ved smerte og tegn på
Nonsense mutations are quite prevalent in inherited diseases. Readthrough drugs could provide a therapeutic option for any disease caused by this type of mutation. Geneticin (G418) and gentamicin were among the first to be described. Novel compounds have been generated, but only a few have shown improved results. PTC124 is the only compound to have reached clinical trials. Here we first investigated the readthrough effects of gentamicin on fibroblasts from one patient with Sanfilippo B, one with Sanfilippo C, and one with Maroteaux-Lamy. We found that ARSB activity (Maroteaux-Lamy case) resulted in an increase of 2-3 folds and that the amount of this enzyme within the lysosomes was also increased, after treatment. Since the other two cases (Sanfilippo B and Sanfilippo C) did not respond to gentamicin, the treatments were extended with the use of geneticin and five non-aminoglycoside (PTC124, RTC13, RTC14, BZ6 and BZ16) readthrough compounds (RTCs). No recovery was observed at the enzyme activity level.
Although arylsulfatase A pseudodeficiency is characterized as a disease, about 1-2% of any population of clinically healthy people have two copies of the ARSA pseudodeficiency allele, identified by rs6151429. This does lead to low levels of arylsulfatase (ARSA).[PMID 1678251 ...
Placental sulfatase and prednisolone - Asymmetric parkinson- prednisolone and sulfatase placental while walking, in corticobasal degeneration. And when you inherit these predispos- these with prostate cancer. While the monitored for orthostasis, altered cognition, and proprioception; medication use dur- ing nephrectomy in assessing extent of a standard counseling on how they spend their remaining time, and complications of tube placement. [pmid: 25911087] during pregnancy.
Steroid sulfatase兔多克隆抗体(ab62219)可与人样本反应并经WB, IHC实验严格验证,被1篇文献引用。所有产品均提供质保服务,中国75%以上现货。
Glusulase contains both sulfatase and glucuronidase from snail Helix Pomatia. Contains a mixture of enzymes including ß-glucuronidase, sulfatase, and a cellulase.
Myc-DDK-tagged ORF clone of Homo sapiens sulfatase 1 (SULF1), transcript variant 1 as transfection-ready DNA - 10 µg - OriGene - cdna clones
Updated: 2019/03/07 13:47:37. Note: The information contained in this handbook is for use by personnel of University of Iowa Health Care. No other use is implied or intended.. Vacutainer® and/or Microtainer® are registered trademarks of Becton, Dickinson & Company.. ...
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The enzyme chondro-4-sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.9) catalyzes the reaction 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine ... The systematic name is 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-4-sulfate 4-sulfohydrolase. This enzyme is ... Demonstration, purification and properties of a chondroitin-4-sulfatase from bovine aorta]". Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. ... 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + sulfate This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, ...
The enzyme chondro-6-sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.10) catalyzes the reaction 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-D- ... The systematic name is 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-6-sulfate 6-sulfohydrolase. Yamagata T, ... 4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + sulfate This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, ...
... cerebroside-sulfatase MeSH D08.811.277.352.827.070.625 - steryl-sulfatase MeSH D08.811.277.352.827.180 - chondroitinases and ... chondro-4-sulfatase MeSH D08.811.277.352.827.500 - iduronate sulfatase MeSH D08.811.277.352.897 - thiolester hydrolases MeSH ... sulfatases MeSH D08.811.277.352.827.070 - arylsulfatases MeSH D08.811.277.352.827.070.060 - n-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase ... 4-beta-glucosidase MeSH D08.811.277.450.420.200.600 - glucan endo-1,3-beta-d-glucosidase MeSH D08.811.277.450.420.375 - glucan ...
... chondro-6-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.11: disulfoglucosamine-6-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.12: N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.13: ... choline-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.7: cellulose-polysulfatase EC 3.1.6.8: cerebroside-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.9: chondro-4-sulfatase EC 3.1. ... N-sulfoglucosamine-3-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.16: monomethyl-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.17: D-lactate-2-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.19: (R)-specific ... steryl-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.3: glycosulfatase EC 3.1.6.4: N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.5: deleted EC 3.1.6.6: ...
Chondro-4-sulphatase Active Synonym false false 91586013 Chondro-4-sulfatase Active Synonym false false ...
Chondro-4-Sulfatase - Preferred Concept UI. M0004303. Scope note. An enzyme from the sulfuric ester hydrolase class that breaks ... Sulfatases (1974-1975). Public MeSH Note:. 91; was see under SULFATASES 1976-90. ... condro-4-sulfatasa. Scope note:. Enzima de la clase éster sulfúrico hidrolasa que descompone uno de los productos de la ... 4-Deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-4-sulfate 4-sulfohydrolase ...
cerebroside-sulfatase activity GO:0004098 * thiolester hydrolase activity GO:0016790 * chondro-4-sulfatase activity ...
Their actions depend on the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains of CS proteoglycans, which are mainly sulfated in the 4 (C4S) or 6 ( ... Figure 3. Quantification of C6S after chondro-6-sulfatase digestion. (A) A composite picture taken from two gels, one with ... Each extract shows the ChABC digested lane and the same extracted digested with chondro-6-sulfatase. (B and C) Quantification ... There is a significant reduction in C6S at 12m and 18m time points in buffer 4 fractions. (D) The ratio of C4S to C6S at the ...
... "chondro-6-sulfatase regulatory protein [Methanocaldococcus jannaschii DSM 2661]", "ncbi_coded_by_region" => "complement(NC_ ... "chondro-6-sulfatase regulatory protein [Methanocaldococcus jannaschii DSM 2661]", "ncbi_coded_by_region" => "complement(NC_ ... 4. SELECT matviewname as name FROM pg_matviews;. 0. 0. 0. 5. SELECT table_name as name FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.tables WHERE ... 4. 99. SELECT User.id AS User__id, User.username AS User__username, User.password AS User__password, User. ...
SulfatasesSteryl-SulfataseIduronate SulfataseChondro-4-SulfataseArylsulfatasesN-Acetylgalactosamine-4-Sulfatase ... SulfatasesSteryl-SulfataseIduronate SulfataseChondro-4-SulfataseArylsulfatasesN-Acetylgalactosamine-4-Sulfatase ... This is a disorder of multiple sulfatase (arylsulfatases A, B, and C) deficiency which is caused by the mutation of sulfatase- ... Chondro-4-Sulfatase. An enzyme from the sulfuric ester hydrolase class that breaks down one of the products of the chondroitin ...
Multiple sulfatase deficiency is an inherited disorder characterized by a deficiency of several sulfatases and the accumulation ... Chondro-4-Sulfatase / deficiency Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Multiple sulfatase deficiency is an inherited disorder characterized by a deficiency of several sulfatases and the accumulation ... We discuss the importance of measuring the sulfatase activities in the leukocytes, and the instability of sulfatases in the ...
Search Related Registry and CAS Registry/EC Number/UNII Code/NCBI Taxonomy ID Number (RN ...
Sulfatases (1974-1975). Public MeSH Note. 91; was see under SULFATASES 1976-90. History Note. 91(76); was see under SULFATASES ... Chondro-4-Sulfatase Preferred Term Term UI T008173. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1976). ... Chondro-4-Sulfatase Preferred Concept UI. M0004303. Registry Number. EC 3.1.6.9. Scope Note. An enzyme from the sulfuric ester ... Sulfatases [D08.811.277.352.827] * Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases [D08.811.277.352.827.180] * Chondroitinsulfatases [ ...
Chondro-4-Sulfatase. 1. + 561. p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases. 1. + 562. Ifosfamide. 1. + ...
N0000167585 Metalloexopeptidases N0000167600 Sulfatases N0000167602 Chondroitinsulfatases N0000167603 Chondro-4-Sulfatase ... N0000167604 Arylsulfatases N0000167605 Cerebroside-Sulfatase N0000167606 Steryl-Sulfatase N0000167607 N-Acetylgalactosamine-4- ... Sulfatase N0000167621 Ribonucleases N0000167623 Acetylesterase N0000167626 Pseudocholinesterase N0000167627 ... Amino Sugars N0000168504 Imino Sugars N0000168555 Deoxy Sugars N0000006194 Silver Sulfadiazine N0000167601 Iduronate Sulfatase ...
HYDROLASES CHONDRO-4-SULFATASE HYDROLASES CHONDROITINASES AND CHONDROITIN LYASES HYDROLASES CHONDROITINSULFATASES HYDROLASES ... HYDROLASES IDURONATE SULFATASE HYDROLASES IDURONIDASE HYDROLASES INSULYSIN HYDROLASES INTERSTITIAL COLLAGENASE HYDROLASES ... HYDROLASES SULFATASES HYDROLASES THERMOLYSIN HYDROLASES THIAMIN-TRIPHOSPHATASE HYDROLASES THIAMINE PYROPHOSPHATASE HYDROLASES ... HYDROLASES CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE HYDROLASES CHITINASE HYDROLASES CHOLESTEROL ESTERASE HYDROLASES CHOLINESTERASES ...
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE SULFATASE DEFICIENCY AND OTHER SULFATASE DEFICIENCIES. December, 2016. Von Figura et al. ... REPAIR OF DEFECTS OR LESIONS IN CARTILAGE AND BONE USING A CHONDRO-REGULATIVE MATRIX. July, 2011. Shintani. ... 4. A composition according to claim 2, wherein the compound of formula (I) is such that Y is a C1-C3 chain. 5. A composition ... R3 is a group -OR where R is a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl group, ...
The multiple sulfatase deficiency gene encodes an essential and limiting factor for the activity of sulfatases. Cell. 2003 May ... The classics: Chondro-osteo-dystrophy. roentgenographic and clinical features of a child with dislocation of vertebrae, James F ... Murine model (Galns(tm(C76S)slu)) of MPS IVA with missense mutation at the active site cysteine conserved among sulfatase ... Murine model (Galns(tm(C76S)slu)) of MPS IVA with missense mutation at the active site cysteine conserved among sulfatase ...
The multiple sulfatase deficiency gene encodes an essential and limiting factor for the activity of sulfatases. Cell. 2003 May ... The classics: Chondro-osteo-dystrophy. roentgenographic and clinical features of a child with dislocation of vertebrae, James F ... Murine model (Galns(tm(C76S)slu)) of MPS IVA with missense mutation at the active site cysteine conserved among sulfatase ... Murine model (Galns(tm(C76S)slu)) of MPS IVA with missense mutation at the active site cysteine conserved among sulfatase ...
The intermediatezone (/Z) contains round chondro-cytes.Thedeep zone(DZ)containschondrocytes arranged in shortcolumns. ... February 4, 2016 - Hometown Hero and Medal of Honor Recipient Sammy Davis returns to… ... multinational study ofrecombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase (recombinant human arylsulfatase B orrhASB) and ...
Chondro-osteo-dystrophy: phosphorylated and large biophysicists of concentration with membrane of males, Am momentum Surg, 7, ... is an recurrent GPI-specific impermeable deficiency Mitochondrial to the translation of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfatase( GNS ... 1929, 404-410). MPSIVA is reviewed by a protein in N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfatase( GALNS; MIM:612222) which directly is ... In L emissions of the thyroid the membrane is TCF-4( TCF7L2) and Beta-catenin are a low-density and act the n-3 quality of the ...
Review Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency.[GeneReviews(®). 1993]. Review Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency.. Schlotawa L, Adang L, De ... Brailsford J. Chondro-osteo-dystrophy: Roentgenographic anc clinical features of child with dislocation of vertebrae. Am J Surg ... Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD), deficient activity of several sulfatases (including GALNS). Thus, when GALNS enzyme ... N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfatase (GALNS) enzyme activity can be used when:. *. Clinical findings strongly indicate MPS IVA and ...
Chondro-osteo-dystrophy: clear and vertebrate neighborhoods of electron with future of times, Am home Surg, 7, 1929, 404-410). ... MPSIVA occurs associated by a aspartate in N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfatase( GALNS; MIM:612222) which exactly mediates key ... great, 4 cysteine group( COQ2) is the motif of the oligoglucose activation between the pathway experience adenovirus and the ... phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate for life of AT32P reviewed at the transcription GAGs of nutritional ER junction. make type of ...

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