AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, Agriculture
CholinesterasesCholinesterase InhibitorsButyrylcholinesteraseAcetylcholinesteraseCholinesterase ReactivatorsThiocholineTrichlorfonPseudocholinesterasePhenylcarbamatesChlorpyrifosNeostigmineIndansDibucaineTacrinePhysostigmineGalantamineDiazinonTetraisopropylpyrophosphamideInsecticidesParathionOrganothiophosphorus CompoundsDichlorvosOrganophosphate PoisoningPralidoxime CompoundsSuccinylcholinePyridostigmine BromideFenitrothionOrganophosphorus CompoundsCarbarylMethomylParaoxonCarbamatesButyrylthiocholineEdrophoniumAcetylthiocholineIsoflurophateBenzoylcholineNootropic AgentsSarinPhosphoramidesSomanMemantinePesticidesPropoxurEchothiophate IodidePiperidinesChemical Warfare AgentsAcetylcholineDisulfotonBuxaceaeOrganothiophosphatesAgrochemicalsHistocytochemistryTrimedoximeNeuromuscular JunctionAlzheimer DiseaseSolanineNeuromuscular Nondepolarizing AgentsAntidotesMethyl ParathionAldicarbChlorfenvinphosCholineOrganophosphatesAtropineAgricultureBenzethoniumOximesMalathionAmbenonium ChlorideAgricultural Workers' DiseasesMuscarinic AntagonistsNeurotoxicity SyndromesSalivationCocosDose-Response Relationship, DrugParasympathomimetics
Cholinesterases
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Drugs that inhibit cholinesterases. The neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE is rapidly hydrolyzed, and thereby inactivated, by cholinesterases. When cholinesterases are inhibited, the action of endogenously released acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses is potentiated. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used clinically for their potentiation of cholinergic inputs to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder, the eye, and skeletal muscles; they are also used for their effects on the heart and the central nervous system.
Butyrylcholinesterase
An aspect of cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8).
Acetylcholinesterase
An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ACETYLCHOLINE to CHOLINE and acetate. In the CNS, this enzyme plays a role in the function of peripheral neuromuscular junctions. EC 3.1.1.7.
Cholinesterase Reactivators
Drugs used to reverse the inactivation of cholinesterase caused by organophosphates or sulfonates. They are an important component of therapy in agricultural, industrial, and military poisonings by organophosphates and sulfonates.
Thiocholine
A mercaptocholine used as a reagent for the determination of CHOLINESTERASES. It also serves as a highly selective nerve stain.
Trichlorfon
An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed)
Pseudocholinesterase
An aspect of cholinesterases.
Phenylcarbamates
Phenyl esters of carbamic acid or of N-substituted carbamic acids. Structures are similar to PHENYLUREA COMPOUNDS with a carbamate in place of the urea.
Chlorpyrifos
An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.
Neostigmine
A cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
Indans
Aryl CYCLOPENTANES that are a reduced (protonated) form of INDENES.
Dibucaine
A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006)
Tacrine
A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.
Physostigmine
A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.
Galantamine
A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.
Diazinon
A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an organothiophosphorus insecticide.
Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide
N,N',N'',N'''-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide. A specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. It is commonly used experimentally to determine whether pseudo- or acetylcholinesterases are involved in an enzymatic process.
Insecticides
Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics.
Parathion
A highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an acaricide and as an insecticide.
Organothiophosphorus Compounds
Compounds containing carbon-phosphorus bonds in which the phosphorus component is also bonded to one or more sulfur atoms. Many of these compounds function as CHOLINERGIC AGENTS and as INSECTICIDES.
Dichlorvos
An organophosphorus insecticide that inhibits ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE.
Organophosphate Poisoning
Poisoning due to exposure to ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS, such as ORGANOPHOSPHATES; ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATES; and ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHONATES.
Pralidoxime Compounds
Various salts of a quaternary ammonium oxime that reconstitute inactivated acetylcholinesterase, especially at the neuromuscular junction, and may cause neuromuscular blockade. They are used as antidotes to organophosphorus poisoning as chlorides, iodides, methanesulfonates (mesylates), or other salts.
Succinylcholine
A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.
Pyridostigmine Bromide
A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.
Fenitrothion
An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.
Organophosphorus Compounds
Organic compounds that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule. Included under this heading is broad array of synthetic compounds that are used as PESTICIDES and DRUGS.
Carbaryl
A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.
Methomyl
A carbamate insecticide with anticholinesterase activity.
Paraoxon
An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a pesticide.
Carbamates
Derivatives of carbamic acid, H2NC(=O)OH. Included under this heading are N-substituted and O-substituted carbamic acids. In general carbamate esters are referred to as urethanes, and polymers that include repeating units of carbamate are referred to as POLYURETHANES. Note however that polyurethanes are derived from the polymerization of ISOCYANATES and the singular term URETHANE refers to the ethyl ester of carbamic acid.
Butyrylthiocholine
A sulfur-containing analog of butyrylcholine which is hydrolyzed by butyrylcholinesterase to butyrate and thiocholine. It is used as a reagent in the determination of butyrylcholinesterase activity.
Edrophonium
A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.
Acetylthiocholine
An agent used as a substrate in assays for cholinesterases, especially to discriminate among enzyme types.
Isoflurophate
A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Benzoylcholine
The benzoic acid ester of choline.
Nootropic Agents
Drugs used to specifically facilitate learning or memory, particularly to prevent the cognitive deficits associated with dementias. These drugs act by a variety of mechanisms. While no potent nootropic drugs have yet been accepted for general use, several are being actively investigated.
Sarin
An organophosphorus ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. It is toxic to the nervous system and is a chemical warfare agent.
Phosphoramides
Amide derivatives of phosphoric acid such as compounds that include the phosphoric triamide (P(=O)(N)(N)(N)) structure.
Soman
An organophosphorus compound that inhibits cholinesterase. It causes seizures and has been used as a chemical warfare agent.
Memantine
AMANTADINE derivative that has some dopaminergic effects. It has been proposed as an antiparkinson agent.
Pesticides
Chemicals used to destroy pests of any sort. The concept includes fungicides (FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL); INSECTICIDES; RODENTICIDES; etc.
Propoxur
A carbamate insecticide.
Echothiophate Iodide
A potent, long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used as a miotic in the treatment of glaucoma.
Piperidines
A family of hexahydropyridines.
Chemical Warfare Agents
Chemicals that are used to cause the disturbance, disease, or death of humans during WARFARE.
Acetylcholine
A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.
Disulfoton
An organothiophosphate insecticide.
Buxaceae
A plant family of the order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. Leaves are alternate, simple, and leathery. Fruits are one- or two-seeded capsules or drupes (stony-pitted fleshy fruits).
Organothiophosphates
Carbon-containing thiophosphoric acid derivatives. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either SULFUR atom, or the OXYGEN atom of the SPO3 core structure.
Agrochemicals
Chemicals used in agriculture. These include pesticides, fumigants, fertilizers, plant hormones, steroids, antibiotics, mycotoxins, etc.
Histocytochemistry
Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.
Trimedoxime
Cholinesterase reactivator used as an antidote in alkyl phosphate poisoning.
Neuromuscular Junction
The synapse between a neuron and a muscle.
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)
Solanine
A mixture of alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, found in SOLANACEAE plants.
Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents
Drugs that interrupt transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction without causing depolarization of the motor end plate. They prevent acetylcholine from triggering muscle contraction and are used as muscle relaxants during electroshock treatments, in convulsive states, and as anesthesia adjuvants.
Antidotes
Agents counteracting or neutralizing the action of POISONS.
Methyl Parathion
The methyl homolog of parathion. An effective, but highly toxic, organothiophosphate insecticide and cholinesterase inhibitor.
Aldicarb
Carbamate derivative used as an insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.
Chlorfenvinphos
An organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and an acaricide.
Choline
A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism.
Organophosphates
Carbon-containing phosphoric acid derivatives. Included under this heading are compounds that have CARBON atoms bound to one or more OXYGEN atoms of the P(=O)(O)3 structure. Note that several specific classes of endogenous phosphorus-containing compounds such as NUCLEOTIDES; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and PHOSPHOPROTEINS are listed elsewhere.
Atropine
An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.
Agriculture
The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.
Benzethonium
Bactericidal cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant used as a topical anti-infective agent. It is an ingredient in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, etc., and is used to disinfect apparatus, etc., in the food processing and pharmaceutical industries, in surgery, and also as a preservative. The compound is toxic orally as a result of neuromuscular blockade.
Oximes
Compounds that contain the radical R2C=N.OH derived from condensation of ALDEHYDES or KETONES with HYDROXYLAMINE. Members of this group are CHOLINESTERASE REACTIVATORS.
Malathion
A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.
Ambenonium Chloride
A quaternary ammonium compound that is an inhibitor of cholinesterase activity with actions similar to those of NEOSTIGMINE, but of longer duration. Ambenonium is given by mouth in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1112)
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
Diseases in persons engaged in cultivating and tilling soil, growing plants, harvesting crops, raising livestock, or otherwise engaged in husbandry and farming. The diseases are not restricted to farmers in the sense of those who perform conventional farm chores: the heading applies also to those engaged in the individual activities named above, as in those only gathering harvest or in those only dusting crops.
Muscarinic Antagonists
Drugs that bind to but do not activate MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous ACETYLCHOLINE or exogenous agonists. Muscarinic antagonists have widespread effects including actions on the iris and ciliary muscle of the eye, the heart and blood vessels, secretions of the respiratory tract, GI system, and salivary glands, GI motility, urinary bladder tone, and the central nervous system.
Neurotoxicity Syndromes
Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method. This includes conditions caused by biologic, chemical, and pharmaceutical agents.
Salivation
The discharge of saliva from the SALIVARY GLANDS that keeps the mouth tissues moist and aids in digestion.
Cocos
A plant genus of the family ARECACEAE. It is a tropical palm tree that yields a large, edible hard-shelled fruit from which oil and fiber are also obtained.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Parasympathomimetics
Drugs that mimic the effects of parasympathetic nervous system activity. Included here are drugs that directly stimulate muscarinic receptors and drugs that potentiate cholinergic activity, usually by slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine (CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS). Drugs that stimulate both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic neurons (GANGLIONIC STIMULANTS) are not included here.

Metrifonate increases neuronal excitability in CA1 pyramidal neurons from both young and aging rabbit hippocampus. (1/576)

The effects of metrifonate, a second generation cholinesterase inhibitor, were examined on CA1 pyramidal neurons from hippocampal slices of young and aging rabbits using current-clamp, intracellular recording techniques. Bath perfusion of metrifonate (10-200 microM) dose-dependently decreased both postburst afterhyperpolarization (AHP) and spike frequency adaptation (accommodation) in neurons from young and aging rabbits (AHP: p < 0.002, young; p < 0.050, aging; accommodation: p < 0.024, young; p < 0.001, aging). These reductions were mediated by muscarinic cholinergic transmission, because they were blocked by addition of atropine (1 microM) to the perfusate. The effects of chronic metrifonate treatment (12 mg/kg for 3 weeks) on CA1 neurons of aging rabbits were also examined ex vivo. Neurons from aging rabbits chronically treated with metrifonate had significantly reduced spike frequency accommodation, compared with vehicle-treated rabbits. Chronic metrifonate treatment did not result in a desensitization to metrifonate ex vivo, because bath perfusion of metrifonate (50 microM) significantly decreased the AHP and accommodation in neurons from both chronically metrifonate- and vehicle-treated aging rabbits. We propose that the facilitating effect of chronic metrifonate treatment on acquisition of hippocampus-dependent tasks such as trace eyeblink conditioning by aging subjects may be caused by this increased excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons.  (+info)

Behavioral changes and cholinesterase activity of rats acutely treated with propoxur. (2/576)

Early assessment of neurological and behavioral effects is extremely valuable for early identification of intoxications because preventive measures can be taken against more severe or chronic toxic consequences. The time course of the effects of an oral dose of the anticholinesterase agent propoxur (8.3 mg/kg) was determined on behaviors displayed in the open-field and during an active avoidance task by rats and on blood and brain cholinesterase activity. Maximum inhibition of blood cholinesterase was observed within 30 min after administration of propoxur. The half-life of enzyme-activity recovery was estimated to be 208.6 min. Peak brain cholinesterase inhibition was also detected between 5 and 30 min of the pesticide administration, but the half-life for enzyme activity recovery was much shorter, in the range of 85 min. Within this same time interval of the enzyme effects, diminished motor and exploratory activities and decreased performance of animals in the active avoidance task were observed. Likewise, behavioral normalization after propoxur followed a time frame similar to that of brain cholinesterase. These data indicate that behavioral changes that occur during intoxication with low oral doses of propoxur may be dissociated from signs characteristic of cholinergic over-stimulation but accompany brain cholinesterase activity inhibition.  (+info)

Human-serum cholinesterase subunits and number of active sites of the major component. (3/576)

The major C4 component of human serum cholinesterase was highly purified by a two-step procedure involving chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and preparative disc electrophoresis. The final product was about 8 000-fold purified with a yield of 64%. The subunit structure was determined by 8M urea polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis and by the sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation method in 5M guanidine hydrochloride. It was found that the C4 enzyme has a tetrameric structure. The subunits are equal in size and charge and a molecular weight comparable to that of the C1 enzyme from native serum. The major C4 enzyme and the minor C1 enzyme were subjected to an 'active enzyme centrifugation'. It was found that the C4 enzyme was a tetramer and the C1 enzyme was a monomer in the presence of substrate. The number of diisopropylphosphofluoridate-binding sites was measured from the molar ratio of bound diisopropylphosphate to protein. A value close to two binding sites was found for the C4 enzyme.  (+info)

Atypical serum cholinesterase in a family with congenital distichiasis. (4/576)

This paper describes the coexistence of genetically determined reduced cholinesterase activity and congenital distichiasis in the same family. The pedigree suggests that these two autosomal dominant diseases are segregated independently and do not show evidence of linkage.  (+info)

Oral and dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos: a human volunteer study. (5/576)

OBJECTIVES: To determine the kinetics of elimination of urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites after oral and dermally applied doses of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos to human volunteers and to determine whether these doses affected plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activity. METHOD: Five volunteers ingested 1 mg (2852 nmol) of chlorpyrifos. Blood samples were taken over 24 hours and total void volumes of urine were collected over 100 hours. Four weeks later 28.59 mg (81567 nmol) of chlorpyrifos was administered dermally to each volunteer for 8 hours. Unabsorbed chlorpyrifos was washed from the skin and retained for subsequent measurement. The same blood and urine sampling regime was followed as for the oral administration. Plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase concentrations were determined for each blood sample. The concentration of two urinary metabolites of chlorpyrifos--diethylphosphate and diethyl-thiophosphate--was determined for each urine sample. RESULTS: The apparent elimination half life of urinary dialkylphosphates after the oral dose was 15.5 hours and after the dermal dose it was 30 hours. Most of the oral dose (mean (range) 93% (55-115%)) and 1% of the applied dermal dose was recovered as urinary metabolites. About half (53%) of the dermal dose was recovered from the skin surface. The absorption rate through the skin, as measured by urinary metabolites was 456 ng/cm2/h. Blood plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activity did not fall significantly during either dosing regime. CONCLUSION: An oral dose of chlorpyrifos was readily absorbed through the skin and almost all of the dose was recovered as urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites. Excretion was delayed compared with the oral dose. Only a small proportion of the applied dose was recovered during the course of the experiment. The best time to collect urine samples for biological monitoring after dermal exposure is before the shift the next day. The amounts of chlorpyrifos used did not depress acetyl cholinesterase activity but could be readily detected as urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites indicating that the urinary assay is a more sensitive indicator of exposure.  (+info)

Impaired respiratory muscle function in chemical plant workers producing chlorfenvinphos. (6/576)

All employees of a chemical plant division producing chlorfenvinphos were studied, i.e. 35 males aged 25-57 years (mean 42.1); their employment period ranged from 1-15 years (mean 9.0). Chronic bronchitis was diagnosed in 13 workers (37.1%). Mean air chlorfenvinphos concentrations in the work environment estimated with gas-liquid chromatography were from 0.0008-0.0018 mg/m3 (maximum allowable concentration according to Polish standards is 0. 01 mg/m3). The activity of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase was similar to that observed in people who were not exposed to chemicals, however, a slightly lowered activity of plasma cholinesterase in the studied population was evidently the result of mild liver impairment. Spirometric investigations performed in the studied workers revealed slight alterations manifested by increased intrathoracic gas volume (ITGV) (the value of the index was 138.6% of the mean value, 24 workers with an abnormally high index), as well as by decreased specific airway conductance (sGaw); its mean value in the studied group was 58.5% of the mean standard (11 people showed an abnormal index). Substantial functional changes were found in the respiratory muscles. Maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP = 97. 2 +/- 28.3 cm H2O) as well as maximal expiratory pressures (MEP = 113.9 +/- 44.2 cm H2O) in the studied group were significantly lower (p < 0.01) as compared to those observed in the control group (MIP = 120.7 +/- 31.7; MEP = 154.4 +/- 40.2 cm H2O) of 22 males having similar cigarette smoking habit, without occupational exposure to chemicals. It was also found that the people who had worked for more than 10 years under conditions of exposure to chlorfenvinphos showed significantly lower (p < 0.05) values of maximal inspiratory pressure (87.2 +/- 28.06 cm H2O, n = 17) compared to the workers whose period of employment was shorter than 10 years (106.6 +/- 26.8 cm H2O, n = 18). The two groups were comparable with regard to age and smoking habits. The values of maximal expiratory pressures were similar in both groups. No essential disturbances in neuro-muscular transmission were observed; only in 3 workers (8.5%) the electrostimulating myasthenic test showed some disturbances in neuro-muscular transmission. It seems that respiratory muscles impairment in humans exposed to chlorfenvinphos results from changes in the metabolism and structure of muscles, and partly from lung hyperinflation.  (+info)

Hepatosplenic morbidity in schistosomiasis japonica: evaluation with Doppler sonography. (7/576)

In Southeast Asia, schistosomiasis japonica is an important cause of hepatic fibrosis and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Reliable methods to investigate portal hypertension (PHT) clinically and epidemiologically on community level are lacking. Doppler sonography is an established tool for investigating PHT in hospital settings. In Leyte, The Philippines, 137 individuals underwent color Doppler sonography, stool examination, and serology for hepatitis B and C, liver cell injury and cholestasis. A total of 85% of the study population had been infected with Schistosoma japonicum. Sonographically, periportal liver fibrosis was seen in 25% and reticular echogenicities (network pattern) in 44%. Portal blood flow was decreased or portosystemic collaterals were present in 10% (adults throughout) and correlated with periportal fibrosis, but not with network lesions. Chronic viral hepatitis was rare. Thus, hepatic lesions are frequent in adults but not in children in areas endemic for S. japonicum. Periportal liver fibrosis indicates a risk of PHT, and network pattern fibrosis apparently does not. Doppler sonography is suitable for research under tropical field conditions.  (+info)

Influence of metoclopramide on plasma cholinesterase and duration of action of mivacurium. (8/576)

Mivacurium is metabolized by plasma cholinesterase (PCHE). Metoclopramide inhibits PCHE in vitro and in vivo. We have assessed the effect of metoclopramide on duration of action of mivacurium and measured PCHE at baseline and at the time of maximal block. In a randomized, double-blind study, 30 patients received metoclopramide 0.15 mg kg-1 i.v. or saline, followed by propofol anaesthesia and mivacurium 0.15 mg kg-1. Using a TOF-Guard accelerometer, times to recovery of TI to 25%, 75% and 90% were 13.4, 19.3 and 21.9 min in the saline group and 17.8, 25.3 and 28.8 min in the metoclopramide group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05, respectively). There were no differences in onset time or recovery index between the groups. PCHE activity at the time of maximum block decreased within each group (P < 0.01) but there was no difference between groups. In a second biochemical study of eight patients, a small decrease in PCHE activity was detected after metoclopramide 0.15 mg kg-1, but before administration of mivacurium (P < 0.025). We conclude that metoclopramide prolongs the duration of action of mivacurium.  (+info)

Sensors | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of Cholinesterase Activities During in Vivo Intoxication Using an Electrochemical Sensor...Sensors | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of Cholinesterase Activities During in Vivo Intoxication Using an Electrochemical Sensor...
Cholinesterase activity in blood of laboratory rats was monitored. Rats were intoxicated with paraoxon at dosis of 0 - 65 - 125 - 170 - 250 - 500 nmol. The 250 nmol dose was found to be the LD50. An electrochemical sensor was found useful to provide information about cholinesterase activity. The decrease of cholinesterase activity was correlated to intoxication symptoms and mortality level. It was found that the symptoms of intoxication are not observed while at least 50% of cholinesterase activity in blood remains. The minimal cholinesterase activity essential to survival is around 10%, when compared with the initial state. No changes in levels of low moleculary weight antioxidants were observed.
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/5/3627/notes
Serum cholinesterase level and its impact on health condition of fresh fruit and vegetable consumers | JOURNAL OF...Serum cholinesterase level and its impact on health condition of fresh fruit and vegetable consumers | JOURNAL OF...
Pesticides are extensively used worldwide, which has been reported to influence health conditions and environmental contamination.Current studies are focusing on agriculture workers health, whereas there are little data regarding health-related problems of consumers of agricultural products. Thus, the objective of this study was to study serum cholinesterase levels and its relation to health issues in people who consume fresh fruits and vegetables. Eighty-one people of Mueang District, Chonburi Province completed a questionnaire for evaluating the level of consumption behaviors at risk of pesticides. Health checkups were performed and blood samples for diagnostic lab data were collected. Then, subjects were separated into two groups by level of serum cholinesterase greater or less than 2,000 U/ L. Data analysis was computed by using unpaired t-test at statistical significance of 0.05. ...
https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JHR/article/view/233414
Inhibition of Plasma Cholinesterase by O-Alkylfluorophosphonates - dKNAVInhibition of Plasma Cholinesterase by O-Alkylfluorophosphonates - dKNAV
Inhibition of plasma cholinesterase by three methylfluorophosphonates (MFF), sarin, soman and cyclosin, and by the products of their hydrolysis and alcoholysis was examined. Inhibition by phosphonic acids and by methyl esters derived from MFF was purely competitive while that by MFF was irreversible. The rate of phosphorylation of cholinesterase by MFF differs, depending on the structure of the alkoxy group in the MFF and decreases in the sequence soman-sarin-cyclosin. The affinity values of MFF, phosphonic acids and methyl esters of phosphonic acid for cholinesterase are comparable. The ,i,in vitro,/i, kinetic parameters suggest that plasma cholinesterase might act as a natural detoxicating agent in cases of poisoning with the above inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. ...
http://dlib.lib.cas.cz/1137/
Preliminary investigation on cholinesterase activity in Adamussium colbecki from Terra Nova Bay: field and laboratory study |...Preliminary investigation on cholinesterase activity in Adamussium colbecki from Terra Nova Bay: field and laboratory study |...
While the inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity as a biomarker of exposure to neurotoxic insecticides is well established in aquatic invertebrates of temperate areas, little is known about organisms from polar regions including Antarctica. Cholinesterase activity was investigated in specimens of the Antarctic scallop, Adamussium colbecki, collected in winter 2000 at Campo Icaro (Ross Sea, Antarctica) for preliminary characterization of a potentially new biomarker. Characterization of various ChE enzymes using specific substrates including an acetylthiocholine iodide (ASCh) and a butyrylthiocholine iodide (BSCh) was performed in gills, digestive gland and adductor muscle of the scallop. The effect of in vivo Zn2þ exposure in gills and digestive gland of A. colbecki was also studied. All the tissues expressed ChE activity (gill,adductor muscle,digestive gland) in accordance with data reported for marine mussels (Mytilus sp.) from temperate areas (1.1-13.8 nmol min1 mg protein1). Significant ...
https://iris.unige.it/handle/11567/213053
Cholinesterase - WikipediaCholinesterase - Wikipedia
In biochemistry, a cholinesterase or choline esterase is an esterase that lyses choline-based esters, several of which serve as neurotransmitters. Thus, it is either of two enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of these cholinergic neurotransmitters, such as breaking acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid. These reactions are necessary to allow a cholinergic neuron to return to its resting state after activation. For example, in muscle contraction, acetylcholine at a neuromuscular junction triggers a contraction; but for the muscle to relax afterward, rather than remaining locked in a tense state, the acetylcholine must be broken down by a choline esterase. The main type for that purpose is acetylcholinesterase (also called choline esterase I or erythrocyte cholinesterase); it is found mainly in chemical synapses and red blood cell membranes. The other type is butyrylcholinesterase (also called choline esterase II or plasma cholinesterase); it is found mainly in the blood plasma. The two ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinesterase
The mode of recovery of cholinesterase activity in vivo after organophosphorus poisoning. 1. Erythrocyte cholinesterase |...The mode of recovery of cholinesterase activity in vivo after organophosphorus poisoning. 1. Erythrocyte cholinesterase |...
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http://www.biochemj.org/content/77/3/591
M SavithrammaM Savithramma
The histomorphology and cholinesterase activity of the taste buds and the gustatory nerve fibre sin well-fed, in protein and protein-calorie deficient rats have been investigated. The nerve fibre arborisation in the taste buds is predominantly nonmyelinated and shows degenerative changes ranging from initial swelling to disintegration, fragmentation and finally complete disappearance with the increasing degree and duration of food deprivation. Coincident with these changes in the nerve fibre, the taste bud also shows various stages of degeneration. By contrast, the cholinesterase activity in the gustatory papillae shows an initial increase during the first week followed by a decline in the activity during the succeeding weeks; a second peak of cholinesterase activity appears during 4-6 weeks. The cholinesterase activity is barely detectable after the 8th week. In the more severely protein calorie restricted groups, the cholinesterase changes are more pronounced and abrupt in onset and show a ...
https://www.ias.ac.in/listing/bibliography/plnt/M_Savithramma
4-Aminoqionolines as reversible inhibitors of human cholinesterase activity4-Aminoqionolines as reversible inhibitors of human cholinesterase activity
TY - CONF AU - Bosak, Anita AU - Opsenica, Dejan AU - Šinko, Goran AU - Zlatar, Matija AU - Kovarik, Zrinka PY - 2018 UR - https://mmsl.cz/artkey/mms-201888-0083.php UR - http://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3216 AB - We synthesised eight derivatives of 4-aminoquinolines differing in the substituents attached to the C(4)-amino group and C(7) carbon of 4-aminoquinoline, and tested their potency to inhibit human AChE and BChE. All of the compounds reversibly inhibited both enzymes with dissociation inhibition (Ki) constants from 0.50 to 50 µM exhibiting selectivity. In other words, for all compounds, AChE exhibited higher affinity than BChE. The most potent inhibitors of AChE were compounds with an octyl chain or adamantane, regardless of the group in position C(7). The shortening of the chain length caused the AChE inhibition decrease by 5-20 times. Docking studies made it clear that the high AChE affinity resulted from simultaneous interactions of the quinoline group with aromatic ...
https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3216
cholinesterase - translation and definition - dictionarist.comcholinesterase - translation and definition - dictionarist.com
Definition of cholinesterase. What is the meaning of cholinesterase in various languages. Translation of cholinesterase in the dictionary
http://www.dictionarist.com/cholinesterase
A SCREENING TEST FOR CHOLINESTERASE DEFICIENCY | Anesthesiology | ASA PublicationsA SCREENING TEST FOR CHOLINESTERASE DEFICIENCY | Anesthesiology | ASA Publications
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http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1958881
Cholinesterase | enzyme | BritannicaCholinesterase | enzyme | Britannica
Other articles where Cholinesterase is discussed: dimethoate: …insecticide that acts by inhibiting cholinesterases, enzymes involved in transmitting nerve impulses. Chemically, it is an organophosphate. Like all organophosphates it is related to the nerve gases and is among the most toxic of all pesticides to vertebrates, including humans. As a systemic, dimethoate is taken up into the roots…
https://www.britannica.com/science/cholinesterase
Biology-Online • View topic - Overproduction of CholinesteraseBiology-Online • View topic - Overproduction of Cholinesterase
Now, about its overproduction: I dont really think it would make that much of a difference. The fact this(i think), there is already enough cholinesterase in the synaptic cleft to quickly degrade any molecules of acetylcholine that are not attached to the receptor. In an extreme cases, the cholinesterase would simply block the nerve impulse, having similar effects to those of specific inhibitors of the nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors ...
http://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/post-102910.html
The kinetics of inhibition of erythrocyte cholinesterase by monomethylcarbamates | Biochemical JournalThe kinetics of inhibition of erythrocyte cholinesterase by monomethylcarbamates | Biochemical Journal
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http://www.biochemj.org/content/98/2/501
PRIME PubMed | Synthesis, Characterization and Cholinesterase Inhibition Studies of New Arylidene Aminothiazolylethanone...PRIME PubMed | Synthesis, Characterization and Cholinesterase Inhibition Studies of New Arylidene Aminothiazolylethanone...
PubMed journal article: Synthesis, Characterization and Cholinesterase Inhibition Studies of New Arylidene Aminothiazolylethanone Derivatives. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28266279/Synthesis_Characterization_and_Cholinesterase_Inhibition_Studies_of_New_Arylidene_Aminothiazolylethanone_Derivatives_
Plus itPlus it
1. DFP and TEPP produce readily reversible (by time) decreases in (a) the tension developed by directly stimulated, denervated skeletal muscle; (b) the amplitude of the spike potential of nerve; (c) the tension developed by skeletal muscle stimulated by slow (30/minute) excitation of its motor nerve; and (d) spinal and respiratory reflexes.. 2. Within the duration of our experiments (10 hours), DFP and TEPP produce irreversible decreases in (a) cholinesterase in the motor end-plate on skeletal muscle; (b) cholinesterase in the spinal cord; and (c) the ability of skeletal muscle to maintain a plateau of tension during excitation of its motor nerve at 50/second.. 3. Animals which had died after administration of DFP had complete or nearly complete removal of cholinesterase activity from the motor end-plates of skeletal muscle and from the spinal cord; TEPP can produce death despite the presence of considerable quantities of cholinesterase in the spinal cord and in the respiratory and other ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/110/2/232
Enfermedades transmisibles, salud mental y exposición a contaminantes ambientales en población aledaña al proyecto minero Las...
ASTETE, Jonh et al. Comunicable diseases, mental health and exposure to environmental pollutants in population living near Las Bambas mining project before exploitation phase, peru 2006. Rev. perú. med. exp. salud publica [online]. 2010, vol.27, n.4, pp.512-519. ISSN 1726-4634.. Objective. To determine the prevalence of communicable diseases, mental health and environmental pollutants exposure in population living near Las Bambas mining project before exploitation phase. Material and methods. Cross sectional study performed in 453 subjects (children and adults) living in three Apurimac region districts: Haquira, Chalhuahuacho and Progreso. Psychomotor development, intelligence quotient, anxiety and depression levels and the presence of communicable diseases (viral hepatitis B, C and delta, syphilis and HIV) were evaluated, as well as heavy metals (lead in blood, and cadmium, arsenic and mercury in urine samples) and serum cholinesterase levels. Results. Mean age was 29 ± 17.25 years, 59.2% ...
http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1726-46342010000400004&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos HumanosCONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos
Cholinesterases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of neurotransmitter acetylcholine. There are two types of cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which differ in their distribution in the body. Currently, cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) represent the treatment of choice for Alzheimer´s disease (AD). In this paper, we report the synthesis and inhibitory effect on both enzymes of four new peptides structurally related to P1-Hp-1971 (amphibian skin peptide found in our previous work. Sequence: TKPTLLGLPLGAGPAAGPGKR-NH2). The bioassay data and cytotoxicity test show that some of the compounds possess a significant AChE and BChE inhibition and no toxic effect. The present work demonstrates that diminution of the size of the original peptide could potentially result in new compounds with significant cholinesterase inhibition activity, although it appears that there is an optimal size for the sequence. We also conducted an exhaustive ...
https://www.conicet.gov.ar/new_scp/detalle.php?keywords=ENRIZ%20RICARDO%20DANIEL&id=21604&articulos=yes&detalles=yes&art_id=6796061
Article abstract | Medical Science MonitorArticle abstract | Medical Science Monitor
Background:The muscle-relaxing effects of succinylcholine are terminated via hydrolysis by plasma cholinesterase. There are multiple genetic variants of this enzyme and clinical circumstances that might influence the activity of plasma cholinesterase...
https://www.medscimonit.com/abstract/index/idArt/883530/act/2
Optimal detection of cholinesterase activity in biological samples: modifications to the standard Ellmans assay. | Sigma...Optimal detection of cholinesterase activity in biological samples: modifications to the standard Ellmans assay. | Sigma...
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Dominika Dingova, Jacqueline Leroy, Abel Check, Vladimir Garaj, Eric Krejci, Anna Hrabovska].
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/24929086
Kolinesterazna aktivnost u vodenim ekstraktima izabranih bazidiomiceta | Repozitorij Odjela za biotehnologiju Sveučilišta u...
Acetyl)cholinesterase is an enzyme which is mostly regarded as important in the nervous system signaling. It is found in colinergic sinapses of the animals where it breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Doing that, it terminates singaling transmission between neurons. In the last decade, many other acetylcholinesterase roles have been discovered; for example roles in cell differentiation and communication and immune response. Considering that cholinesterases and/or acetylcholine have recently been discovered in plants, different microorganisms and mold Aspergillus niger and Physarum polycephalum, it is only fair to expect finding them in higher fungi. At present, there hasnt been any research that tackled this kind of subject. Within this thesis, cholinesterase activity was determined in water extracts of various Basidiomycota using colorimetric test (Ellmans method), denaturating and native electrophoresis. Ellmans method showed the strongest enzyme activity when substrate ...
https://repository.biotech.uniri.hr/islandora/object/biotechri%3A120
Resistance To Inhibitors Of Cholinesterase 3 (Ric-3) Expression Promot by Matthew J. Mulcahy, Sydney B. Blattman et al.Resistance To Inhibitors Of Cholinesterase 3 (Ric-3) Expression Promot by Matthew J. Mulcahy, Sydney B. Blattman et al.
The α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) is a ligand-gated ion channel widely expressed in vertebrates and is associated with numerous physiological functions. As transmembrane ion channels, α7-nAChRs need to be expressed on the surface of the plasma membrane to function. The receptor has been reported to associate with proteins involved with receptor biogenesis, modulation of receptor properties, as well as intracellular signaling cascades and some of these associated proteins may affect surface expression of α7- nAChRs. The putative chaperone resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 3 (Ric-3) has been reported to interact with, and enhance the surface expression of, α7-nAChRs. In this study, we identified proteins that associate with α7-nAChRs when Ric-3 is expressed. Using α-bungarotoxin (α-bgtx), we isolated and compared α7-nAChR-associated proteins from two stably transfected, human tumor-derived cell lines: SH-EP1-hα7 expressing human α7-nAChRs and the
https://scholar.barrowneuro.org/neurobiology/271/
Comparative Cholinesterase, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Antioxidan | DDDTComparative Cholinesterase, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Antioxidan | DDDT
Comparative Cholinesterase, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking, and Kinetic Studies on Potent Succinimide Derivatives
https://www.dovepress.com/comparative-cholinesterase-alpha-glucosidase-inhibitory-antioxidant-mo-peer-reviewed-article-DDDT
Axamon - PharmaBoosters
Axamon® (ipidacrine) - cholinesterase inhibitor. Axamon stimulates neuromuscular transmission and conduction of excitation along the nerve and smooth muscles due to blockage of the potassium channels of the excitable membrane and inhibition of cholinesterase activity, enhances the effect on the smooth muscles of acetyl
https://pharmaboosters.com/products/axamon
Alzheimers disease | Treatment Options | onmemory.ca
There has been much interest in using drugs to treat Alzheimers disease since the 1970s. Thats when it was discovered that people with the disease have less of the chemical acetylcholine in their brains because of degeneration of the nerve cells that produce it. Acting as a messenger between nerve cells in the brain, acetylcholine is thought to be involved in memory, learning and reasoning.. Cholinesterase is an enzyme produced by the body that breaks down acetylcholine. It is believed that the cholinesterase inhibitors reduce the production of cholinesterase, which results in an increase in the amount of acetylcholine in the brain, and in turn may help reduce or stabilize the symptoms of Alzheimers disease. ...
http://onmemory.ca/en/about-alzheimers-disease/treatment-options
Alzheimers disease | Treatment Options | onmemory.ca
There has been much interest in using drugs to treat Alzheimers disease since the 1970s. Thats when it was discovered that people with the disease have less of the chemical acetylcholine in their brains because of degeneration of the nerve cells that produce it. Acting as a messenger between nerve cells in the brain, acetylcholine is thought to be involved in memory, learning and reasoning.. Cholinesterase is an enzyme produced by the body that breaks down acetylcholine. It is believed that the cholinesterase inhibitors reduce the production of cholinesterase, which results in an increase in the amount of acetylcholine in the brain, and in turn may help reduce or stabilize the symptoms of Alzheimers disease. ...
http://www.onmemory.ca/en/about-alzheimers-disease/treatment-options
Agri-Screen® Tickets - 10 Kit | NEOGENAgri-Screen® Tickets - 10 Kit | NEOGEN
One side of Ticket has a disc saturated with cholinesterase, an enyzme in most living organisms, except plants, which controls muscle performance. Pesticides can inhibit an organisms ability to produce cholinesterase, and therefore, kill the organism. If enough pesticide is present in the sample, it will inactivate the cholinesterase and turn the disc white. A blue color indicates a negative result for the presence of pesticides.. ...
https://www.neogen.com/solutions/chemical-contaminants/agri-screen-tickets-10-kit/?recommendationId=790316785202
Synthesis and cholinesterase inhibition of cativic acid derivativesSynthesis and cholinesterase inhibition of cativic acid derivatives
CONICET Digital, el repositorio institucional del CONICET, un servicio gratuito para acceder a la producción científico-tecnológica de investigadores, becarios y demás personal del CONICET.
https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/29888
Flag Drugstore: Pfizer drugs viagra free coupon airmail delivery!Flag Drugstore: Pfizer drugs viagra free coupon airmail delivery!
Inclusion of the immediate coupon free drugs pfizer viagra intravenous administration of hypertonic dextrose solutions can be administered to a viral infection or exacerbation of chronic toxicity have clinical evidence of risk. Imbalanced nutrition, less than their respective elemental forms, are reducing agents. As a result of abination of antiviral drugs is central nervous system from the irritant gases methylisocyanate is one of the blood-brain barrier and the presence of the, 58,59 provides the family in lifestyle adjustments are often impulsive and may thus reduce the pressure without moving your neck. Nurses need to experiment with these features occur in meningitis. Links that designate the relationships between toxic xenobiotics and products containing high concentrations of plasma cholinesterase inhibition is an unpleasant taste in mouth 5. Inability to put your hands in water. Provide experiences for the nurse provides positive cardiovascular fitness during pregnancy. 303) and a sense ...
http://biointegrity.org/pfizer-drugs-viagra-free-coupon/
Article
FUNCTIONNAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CHOLINESTERASE HYSTERESIS. Most hysteretic enzymes are regulatory enzymes, and it has been suggested that hysteresis may play a physiological role in damping out cellular response to rapid change in substrate or effector concentration [88, 89]. However, the actual role of hysteretic enzymes in cellular regulations has not yet been demonstrated. There is no evidence that hysteresis plays a role in function(s) of BuChE and AChE in the body. Cholinesterases, at least AChE as a regulatory enzyme, play an important role in transmission of nerve influx in the cholinergic system. Otherwise, human plasma BuChE plays a role in detoxification of poisonous esters as an endogenous stoichiometric or catalytic bioscavenger [4]. Since detoxification enzymes are promiscuous, multifunctional enzymes, they are expected to exist as conformational ensembles [90]. Therefore, physiological and/or toxicological relevance for the hysteresis of ChEs cannot be ruled out.. Hysteresis as a ...
http://protein.bio.msu.ru/biokhimiya/contents/v77/full/77101383.html
Cholinesterase (Blood)Cholinesterase (Blood)
This test looks for toxic chemicals in your blood. These chemicals are most often found in insecticides, either those use in fields or those used in bug sprays.
http://myhealth.ucsd.edu/167,cholinesterase_blood
Immobilized cholinesterases capillary reactors on-flow screening of selective inhibitors. | Sigma-AldrichImmobilized cholinesterases capillary reactors on-flow screening of selective inhibitors. | Sigma-Aldrich
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Adriana Ferreira Lopes Vilela, Joyce Izidoro da Silva, Lucas Campos Curcino Vieira, Gilberto C R Bernasconi, Arlene Gonçalves Corrêa, Quezia Bezerra Cass, Carmen Lúcia Cardoso].
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/24321276
Neuropsychiatric Drugs | CNS Diseases
Classification of Neuropsychiatric Medications Based On Their Principle Mechanisms Of Action Acetylcholine Cholinesterase Inhibition donepezil
http://cnsdiseases.com/neuropsychiatric-medications
Toward Optimized Practice (TOP) - Patients Medical Home Implementation Field KitToward Optimized Practice (TOP) - Patients Medical Home Implementation Field Kit
Toward Optimized Practice (TOP) helps Alberta physicians implement clinical practice improvements into their clinics using measurement and evidence with the goal of improving both patient care and clinical management.
http://www.topalbertadoctors.org/patients-medical-home-implementation-field-kit/
Decameron Web | TextsDecameron Web | Texts
013 ] E così stando, essendo Rustico più che mai nel suo disidéro acceso per lo vederla così bella, venne la resurrezion della carne, la quale riguardando Alibech e maravigliatasi, disse: Rustico, quella che cosa è, che io ti veggio, che così si pigne in fuori, e non l ho io? [ 014 ] O figliuola mia, disse Rustico, questo è il Diavolo, di che io t ho parlato: e vedi tu? ora egli mi dà grandissima molestia, tanta che io appena la posso sofferire. [ 015 ] Allora disse la giovane: Oh lodato sia Iddio, chè io veggio che io sto meglio che non stai tu, chè io non ho cotesto Diavolo io. [ 016 ] Disse Rustico: Tu di vero, ma tu hai un altra cosa che non la ho io, et háila in iscambio di questo. [ 017 ] Disse Alibech: O che? [ 018 ] A cui Rustico disse: Hai il ninferno; e dicoti che io mi credo che Iddio t abbia qui mandata per la salute della anima mia, per ciò che se questo Diavolo pur mi darà questa noja, ove tu vogli aver di me tanta pietà, e sofferire che ...
http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Italian_Studies/dweb/texts/DecShowText.php?myID=nov0310&expand=empty&lang=eng&highlight=027
Decameron Web | TextsDecameron Web | Texts
013 ] E così stando, essendo Rustico più che mai nel suo disidéro acceso per lo vederla così bella, venne la resurrezion della carne, la quale riguardando Alibech e maravigliatasi, disse: Rustico, quella che cosa è, che io ti veggio, che così si pigne in fuori, e non l ho io? [ 014 ] O figliuola mia, disse Rustico, questo è il Diavolo, di che io t ho parlato: e vedi tu? ora egli mi dà grandissima molestia, tanta che io appena la posso sofferire. [ 015 ] Allora disse la giovane: Oh lodato sia Iddio, chè io veggio che io sto meglio che non stai tu, chè io non ho cotesto Diavolo io. [ 016 ] Disse Rustico: Tu di vero, ma tu hai un altra cosa che non la ho io, et háila in iscambio di questo. [ 017 ] Disse Alibech: O che? [ 018 ] A cui Rustico disse: Hai il ninferno; e dicoti che io mi credo che Iddio t abbia qui mandata per la salute della anima mia, per ciò che se questo Diavolo pur mi darà questa noja, ove tu vogli aver di me tanta pietà, e sofferire che ...
http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Italian_Studies/dweb/texts/DecShowText.php?myID=nov0310&expand=day03&lang=eng&highlight=006
Pascale MARCHOT - AFMB UMR 7257
Dernières PublicationsHot spots for protein partnership at the surface of cholinesterases and related alpha/beta hydrolase fold proteins or (...)
http://www.afmb.univ-mrs.fr/Pascale-Marchot?lang=fr
Human-gpDB
Homo sapiens resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8 homolog A (C. elegans), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:131931 IMAGE:6526180), complete cds ...
http://schneider.embl.de/cgi-bin/human_gpdb.cgi?section=summary_sheet&gene=ENSG00000177963&category=effector&id=67
Definition of Cholinesterase
TeachMeFinance.com is an informational website, and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical, legal or financial advice. Information presented at TeachMeFinance.com is provided on an AS-IS basis. Please read the disclaimer for details. ...
http://www.teachmefinance.com/Scientific_Terms/Cholinesterase.html
Test makes light work of contaminant detection - SciDev.NetTest makes light work of contaminant detection - SciDev.Net
<p>A simple colour-change test for detecting food contaminated with melamine could form the basis of a low-cost field kit.</p>
https://www.scidev.net/global/health/news/test-makes-light-work-of-contaminant-detection.html
your wordcaptures - Instagram photos and videos | WEBSTAGRAMyour wordcaptures - Instagram photos and videos | WEBSTAGRAM
Dopo tutto questo e molto altro, è facile arrivare alla conclusione che noi donne, da che nasciamo a che moriamo, altro non siamo che EROINE. In un mondo che ci è ostile e che continua a non accettarci, noi, facciamo ogni giorno la scelta di esporci. E così, capita che subiamo. Non facile come scelta, soprattutto se pensiamo che noi donne, spesso siamo madri di altre donne, ragazze, bambine che ogni giorno fanno la coraggiosa scelta di voler vivere nella luce, anche quando questo significa affrontare il buio! Buona fortuna, a tutte noi ...
https://web.stagram.com/tag/your_wordcaptures
Crèche at Coalburn Leisure Complex - South Lanarkshire Leisure and CultureCrèche at Coalburn Leisure Complex - South Lanarkshire Leisure and Culture
South Lanarkshire Leisure and Cultures crèches provide a safe, fun environment for your child while you enjoy using our facilities.s Crèche at Coalburn Leisure Complex and Crèche information
https://www.slleisureandculture.co.uk/info/156/coalburn_leisure_complex/685/cr%C3%A8che_at_coalburn_leisure_complex
Matchday 6] The Arsenal vs Chel$ea [R] Pre/Dur/Pos | Page 4 | BigSoccer ForumMatchday 6] The Arsenal vs Chel$ea [R] Pre/Dur/Pos | Page 4 | BigSoccer Forum
F*ck Mike Dean, f*ck Costa, and f*ck chelsea. I shouldnt be this pissed this early. I totally understand the feeling. I havent been this angry...
https://www.bigsoccer.com/threads/matchday-6-the-arsenal-vs-chel-ea-r-pre-dur-pos.2024841/page-4
Clarix tous sèche sirop adulteClarix tous sèche sirop adulte
Clarix tous sèche sirop adulte est un traitement de courte durée des toux sèches et des toux dirritation chez ladulte (à partir de 15 ans).
https://www.pharmashopi.com/clarix-tous-seche-sirop-adulte-200-ml-xml-704_721_24911-228913.html
Che cosa sono tag dellinterfaccia?Che cosa sono tag dellinterfaccia?
I tag dellinterfaccia sono le crescite cutanee praticamente inoffensive sullinterfaccia che sono composte principalmente di fibre del collageno e di vasi sanguigni sciolti nellepidermide
https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Skin-Tags-
Ristorante e Pizzeria a La Thuile - Il menù di montagna che non ti aspettiRistorante e Pizzeria a La Thuile - Il menù di montagna che non ti aspetti
Ristorante e Pizzeria a La Thuile - Il menù di montagna che non ti aspetti. Ampio percheggio adatto per motoraduni, autoraduni e cerimonie
https://coppapanledahu.it/menu-ristorante/
Esperya - EsperyaEsperya - Esperya
Se leggi questo post, vuol dire che hai saputo. Hai saputo che Patrizia, mia moglie, e io, ci siamo ripresi Esperya. O meglio, Esperya ci è ricascata addosso. Il problema ora è: che fare? ...
https://esperya.com/forums/forum/esperya/
Dottrina biblica - Pagina 8Dottrina biblica - Pagina 8
In nulla di importante. con: intendevo dire che si potrebbe inciampare, non dicevo che non si ha la salvezza Mag. Per tutto il resto che hai scritto sono perfettamente daccordo.
http://larivelazione.altervista.org/showthread.php?153-Dottrina-biblica&p=2009&viewfull=1
CoolStreaming Forum - E il problema Web Adult rimane.....CoolStreaming Forum - E il problema Web Adult rimane.....
Forse ormai mi caccierete visto che il terzo thread che apro... Ma proprio non riesco a risolvere il mio problema con la Web Adult e spero che
http://www.coolstreaming.us/forum/mediacenter/21416-e-il-problema-web-adult-rimane.html
cappotto da marinaio - duffle coatcappotto da marinaio - duffle coat
Un cappotto bellisimo Rosanna, cumplimenti per le meravigliose vacanze che hai fatto e per tutti i regali che hai ricevuto e anche tutto il amore che hai portato con te. Un bacio ...
http://lastanzadigiuggiola.blogspot.com/2010/08/cappotto-da-marinaio-duffle-coat.html
Küche - Gleich hinterm Deich
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CholinesteraseCholinesterase
RBC cholinesterase, or erythrocyte cholinesterase, true cholinesterase, choline esterase I, or (most formally) acetylcholine ... Some benzodiazepines, e.g. temazepam have an inhibitory effect on cholinesterase. Cholinesterase levels can be used as an ... producing the second oddity that cholinesterase and true cholinesterase then do not mean the same thing. But such usage is now ... plasma cholinesterase (PChE), serum cholinesterase (SChE), butylcholinesterase, or (most formally) acylcholine acylhydrolase, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinesterase
Cholinesterase inhibitorCholinesterase inhibitor
... s (ChEIs), also known as anti-cholinesterase, are chemicals that prevent the breakdown of the ... Cholinesterase inhibitors came to a public attention in 2020 when Russian opposition and dissent figure Alexei Navalny was ... "Cholinesterase Inhibitors (Medical Use & WMD)". PharmWiki. Tulane University School of Medicine. Retrieved 24 August 2020. ... Meng, Yan‑Hong; Wang, Pan‑Pan; Song, Ya‑Xue; Wang, Jian‑Hua (2019-03-01). "Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinesterase_inhibitor
Cholinesterase reactivatorCholinesterase reactivator
... s are drugs that reverses the inhibition of cholinesterase by organophosphates or sulfonates. They ... v t e v t e (Cholinesterase reactivators, All stub articles, Pharmacology stubs, Toxicology stubs). ... Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Nerve agent "Cholinesterase Reactivators - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Antonijevic, B.; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinesterase_reactivator
Alex KarczmarAlex Karczmar
Ontogenesis of cholinesterases. In: Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterase Agents, G. B. Koelle, Ed., pp. 129 - 186, Handbch. d ... In: Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterase Agents, G. B. Koelle, Ed., pp. 799 -832, Handbch. d. Exper. Pharmakol., Erganzungswk ... Histochemical studies of cholinesterases in Ciona intestinalis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 17: 553-558. "ASPET , Obituary: ... Contribution to the study of the mechanism of action of cholinesterase inhibitors. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 101: 327-343. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Karczmar
Tetraethyl pyrophosphateTetraethyl pyrophosphate
Historical development of organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitors." Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology.". Cholinesterases ... doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68441-8. ISBN 978-3-642-68443-2. S2CID 33095322.The history of cholinesterase inhibitors: who was ... Petroianu, Georg (2015). "History of organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitors & reactivators". Military Medical Science ... TEPP was discovered to be an inhibitor of cholinesterases. Schrader referred to the studies by Eberhard Gross, who was the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraethyl_pyrophosphate
Ann SilverAnn Silver
She wrote a seminal text on the Biology of cholinesterases in 1974 and helped to lay the foundations of the cholinergic ... Silver's initial research was on organophosphorous compounds and their anti-cholinesterase effects. The institute was to remain ... The biology of cholinesterases. Amsterdam; New York: North-Holland Pub. Co. ; American Elsevier Pub. Co. ISBN 978-0-444-10652-0 ... leading to the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Ann Silver was born at a British ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Silver
ButyrylcholinesteraseButyrylcholinesterase
Hybrid/bitopic ligands The nomenclatural variations of BCHE and of cholinesterases generally are discussed at Cholinesterase § ... cholin)esterase, is a nonspecific cholinesterase enzyme that hydrolyses many different choline-based esters. In humans, it is ... The term "serum cholinesterase" is generally used in reference to a clinical test that reflects levels of both of these enzymes ... Lockridge O, Adkins S, La Du BN (Sep 1987). "Location of disulfide bonds within the sequence of human serum cholinesterase". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyrylcholinesterase
PhosmetPhosmet
If signs of cholinesterase inhibition are present, atropine and pralidoxime are antidotal and may be coadministered. The ... The adverse effect of phosmet are caused by the inhibition of cholinesterases. Acute poisoning leads to uncontrollable muscle ... The primary toxicological endpoint of concern to the EPA is cholinesterase inhibition; a common toxic effect of organophosphate ... "CHL Report For Phosmet" (PDF). "Cholinesterase Inhibition". pmep.cce.cornell.edu. Retrieved 2018-03-23. Stewart, P. A.; Fears, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosmet
Organophosphate poisoningOrganophosphate poisoning
Significant advances with cholinesterases (ChEs), specifically human serum BChE (HuBChE) have been made. HuBChe can offer a ... "Cholinesterase Inhibition". Archived from the original on 2013-04-02. "Pesticide Application and Safety Training for ... He was later transferred to Berlin, where poisoning by a cholinesterase inhibitor was diagnosed and confirmed by multiple tests ... May 2008 USACEHR Technical Report 0801: An Evaluation of Blood Cholinesterase Testing Methods for Military Health Surveillance ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphate_poisoning
Tricresyl phosphateTricresyl phosphate
Exposure to TOCP has been characterized by a list of observations: Cholinesterase levels will remain unchanged or show no ... "Cholinesterase Inhibition". Extoxnet. Cornell University. September 1993. Oh, Shin J. (2010). Treatment and Management of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricresyl_phosphate
AcetylcholinesteraseAcetylcholinesterase
The nomenclatural variations of ACHE and of cholinesterases generally are discussed at Cholinesterase § Types and nomenclature ... Biology portal Cholinesterases GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000087085 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ... Massoulié J, Perrier N, Noureddine H, Liang D, Bon S (2008). "Old and new questions about cholinesterases". Chem. Biol. ... Taylor P, Radić Z (1994). "The cholinesterases: from genes to proteins". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 34: 281- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase
TL-1238TL-1238
BLASCHKO, H; BULBRING, E; CHOU, TC (March 1949). "Tubocurarine antagonism and inhibition of cholinesterases". British Journal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TL-1238
Eadie-Hofstee diagramEadie-Hofstee diagram
Augustinsson KB (1948). "Cholinesterases: A study in comparative enzymology". Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. 15: Supp. 52. ... Eadie GS (1942). "The Inhibition of Cholinesterase by Physostigmine and Prostigmine". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 146: 85- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadie–Hofstee_diagram
Dimethylcarbamoyl fluorideDimethylcarbamoyl fluoride
MYERS, DK (April 1956). "Studies on cholinesterase. 10. Return of cholinesterase activity in the rat after inhibition by ... Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride is highly toxic because it's a potent cholinesterase inhibitor and is lethal even at low doses. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethylcarbamoyl_fluoride
Lars-Erik TammelinLars-Erik Tammelin
Tammelin, Lars-Erik (1958). Choline esters: substrate and inhibitors of cholinesterases. Stockholm. SELIBR 9470776. Vem är det ... Honorary Doctor of Medicine (1973) Tammelin, Lars-Erik (1958). Choline esters: substrate and inhibitors of cholinesterases. ... linked to their chemical similarity to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and their ability to block the enzyme cholinesterase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lars-Erik_Tammelin
Ro 3-0422Ro 3-0422
Ro 3-0419 HOBBIGER, F (June 1954). "The inhibition of cholinesterases by 3-(diethoxyphosphinyloxy)-N-methylquinolinium ... "Hydroxypyridine and hydroxyquinoline phosphates as anti-cholinesterases". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 1638. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro_3-0422
Alzheimers diseaseAlzheimer's disease
Raschetti R, Albanese E, Vanacore N, Maggini M (November 2007). "Cholinesterase inhibitors in mild cognitive impairment: a ... Stahl SM (November 2000). "The new cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease, Part 2: illustrating their mechanisms of ... Birks J (January 2006). Birks J (ed.). "Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease". The Cochrane Database of Systematic ... Geula C, Mesulam MM (1995). "Cholinesterases and the pathology of Alzheimer disease". Alzheimer Disease and Associated ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer's_disease
ChlorpyrifosChlorpyrifos
Proceedings of the IX International Meeting on Cholinesterases. 175 (1-3): 355-364. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.04.008. ISSN 0009- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorpyrifos
MefloquineMefloquine
"Mefloquine inhibits cholinesterases at the mouse neuromuscular junction". Neuropharmacology. 49 (8): 1132-1139. doi:10.1016/j. ... "Mefloquine enhances nigral gamma-aminobutyric acid release via inhibition of cholinesterase". Journal of Pharmacology and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mefloquine
MonofluorophosphateMonofluorophosphate
Structure and Function of Cholinesterases and Related Proteins. Springer US. p. 249. doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1540-5_74. ISBN ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monofluorophosphate
MethamidophosMethamidophos
It is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Breakdown in soil is 6.1 days in sand, 309 days in water at pH 5.0, 27 days at pH 7.0, and 3 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamidophos
MalaoxonMalaoxon
It is a cholinesterase inhibitor. When heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of sulfur oxides and phosphorus oxides. A ... Symptoms of exposure to this type of compound include cholinesterase inhibition, miosis, frontal headache, increased bronchial ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaoxon
EchothiophateEchothiophate
It covalently binds by its phosphate group to serine group at the active site of the cholinesterase. Once bound, the enzyme is ... Because of the very slow rate at which echothiophate is hydrolyzed by cholinesterase, its effects can last a week or more. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echothiophate
Vascular dementiaVascular dementia
The use of medications for treatment of Alzheimer's dementia, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, has shown small[ ... cholinesterase inhibitors galantamine, donepezil, rivastigmine; Studies have been proposed to evaluate whether an extract of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_dementia
Hermann LehmannHermann Lehmann
Liddell, J.; Lehmann, H.; Silk, E. (1962). "A 'silent' pseudo-cholinesterase gene". Nature. 193 (4815): 561-562. Bibcode: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Lehmann
DementiaDementia
Rodda J, Morgan S, Walker Z (October 2009). "Are cholinesterase inhibitors effective in the management of the behavioral and ... Birks J (January 2006). Birks JS (ed.). "Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease". The Cochrane Database of ... March 2008). "Effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for treating dementia: evidence review for a clinical ... "Syncope and its consequences in patients with dementia receiving cholinesterase inhibitors: a population-based cohort study". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia
Gaps in Regulation of Chemical AgentsGaps in Regulation of Chemical Agents
When initially tested the first week, everyone's plasm cholinesterase and red blood cell (RBC) cholinesterase was above normal ... Two other people had levels of plasma cholinesterase below normal limit. The rest of the workers were disrobed, hosed down with ... This is believed to be due to organophosphates inhibiting the enzyme, cholinesterase, resulting in toxic effects by allowing an ... "Cholinesterase - blood: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 2020-04-05. Preventing pesticide-related ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaps_in_Regulation_of_Chemical_Agents
Medicinal plantsMedicinal plants
Birks, J. (2006). Birks, Jacqueline S (ed.). "Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease". The Cochrane Database of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinal_plants
GalantamineGalantamine
As with other cholinesterase inhibitors, galantamine may not be effective for treating mild cognitive impairment. The FDA ... Galantamine also works as a weak competitive and reversible cholinesterase inhibitor in all areas of the body. By inhibiting ... In practice, some other cholinesterase inhibitors might be better tolerated; however, a careful and gradual titration over more ... Galantamine's side effect profile was similar to that of other cholinesterase inhibitors, with gastrointestinal symptoms being ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galantamine
Leucojum aestivumLeucojum aestivum
Birks, J. (2006). Birks, Jacqueline S (ed.). "Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease". The Cochrane Database of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucojum_aestivum
Cholinesterase - blood: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaCholinesterase - blood: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Serum cholinesterase is a blood test that looks at levels of 2 substances that help the nervous system work properly. They are ... Acetylcholinesterase; RBC (or erythrocyte) cholinesterase; Pseudocholinesterase; Plasma cholinesterase; Butyrylcholinesterase; ... Serum cholinesterase is a blood test that looks at levels of 2 substances that help the nervous system work properly. They are ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003358.htm
Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Memantine in Advanced ADCholinesterase Inhibitors and Memantine in Advanced AD
Cholinesterase inhibitors have been shown to have modest cognitive and functional benefits in mild-to-moderate Alzheimers ... The authors refer to a number of studies presenting evidence for some benefit from the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in ... Thus the use of cholinesterase inhibitors is not benign, and it is necessary to demonstrate more definitively that these drugs ... To date the majority of clinical studies evaluating cholinesterase inhibitors in this condition have focused mainly on mild-to- ...
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/766524
Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Initial Check | Environmental Medicine | ATSDRCholinesterase Inhibitors: Initial Check | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
This Initial Check will help you assess your current knowledge and skill level about cholinesterase inhibitors. To take the ... While laboratory tests can be used to estimate the exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors (cholinesterase levels and direct ... and Serum Cholinesterase and Direct Measurement of Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Their Metabolic Byproducts. ... This Initial Check will help you assess your current knowledge and skill level about cholinesterase inhibitors. To take the ...
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/cholinesterase-inhibitors/initial_check.html
Structure of human serum cholinesterase
Protein folding is likely to be very similar in human cholinesterase and Torpedo acetylcholinesterase. The cholinesterases have ... Human cholinesterase has recently been sequenced and cloned. It is a glycoprotein of 4 identical subunits, each subunit ... Lockridge, Oksana (1988)."Structure of human serum cholinesterase." BioEssays 9(4): 125-128. ,http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/ ...
https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/50189
Browsing African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (‎APOC)‎ by Subject Cholinesterase ReactivatorsBrowsing African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (‎APOC)‎ by Subject "Cholinesterase Reactivators"
Browsing by Subject Cholinesterase InhibitorsBrowsing by Subject "Cholinesterase Inhibitors"
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Cholinesterase+Inhibitors&type=mesh
Geriatrics - Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia | Choosing WiselyGeriatrics - Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia | Choosing Wisely
American Geriatrics Society suggests periodic assessment if prescribing cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia. ... Dont prescribe cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia without periodic assessment for perceived cognitive benefits and adverse ... Birks J. Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimers disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jan 25;(1):CD005593. ... Kaduszkiewicz H, Zimmermann T, Beck-Bornholdt HP, van den Bussche H. Cholinesterase inhibitors for patients with Alzheimers ...
https://www.choosingwisely.org/clinician-lists/american-geriatrics-society-cholinesterase-inhibitors-for-dementia/
Exploiting protein fluctuations at the active-site gorge of human cholinesterases: further optimization of the design strategy...Exploiting protein fluctuations at the active-site gorge of human cholinesterases: further optimization of the design strategy...
By a thorough bioinformatics analysis of cholinesterases (ChEs), we identified specific hot spots, responsible for protein ... Exploiting protein fluctuations at the active-site gorge of human cholinesterases: further optimization of the design strategy ... By a thorough bioinformatics analysis of cholinesterases (ChEs), we identified specific hot spots, responsible for protein ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18479118/
Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 2614 : The effect of several psychotomimetic drugs on human serum cholinesterase. : FT EvansErowid.org: Erowid Reference 2614 : The effect of several psychotomimetic drugs on human serum cholinesterase. : FT Evans
FT Evans The effect of several psychotomimetic drugs on human serum cholinesterase. Psychopharmacologia 1960 ... Human serum cholinesterase (ChE) was inhibited almost to the same extent by LSD and the nonpsychotomimetic BOL-148 (pI50 = 50 ... Although Thompson et al obtained similar inhibition rates for brain and serum cholinesterase with LSD, as did Ord and Thompson ... Since the physiologic substrate of serum cholinesterase is not known, one can only conjecture which, if either, more accurately ...
https://www.erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=2614&S=Li_T
To Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Atorvastatin Plus a Cholinesterase Inhibitor in AD Patients. - Tabular View -...To Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Atorvastatin Plus a Cholinesterase Inhibitor in AD Patients. - Tabular View -...
To Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Atorvastatin Plus a Cholinesterase Inhibitor in AD Patients.. The safety and ... The purpose of this study is to find out if atovastatin, when taken with a cholinesterase inhibitor, is effective for treating ... To Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Atorvastatin Plus a Cholinesterase Inhibitor in AD Patients. ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00151502?term=alzheimer%27s+atorvastatin&rank=2
Oximes for Treatment of Peripheral and Central Nervous System Exposure to Acetyl Cholinesterase Inhibitors | Southwest Research...Oximes for Treatment of Peripheral and Central Nervous System Exposure to Acetyl Cholinesterase Inhibitors | Southwest Research...
The present invention relates to non-charged oxime compounds which are acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) reactivators of inhibited ... The present invention relates to non-charged oxime compounds which are acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) reactivators of inhibited ... Oximes for Treatment of Peripheral and Central Nervous System Exposure to Acetyl Cholinesterase Inhibitors: 8,772,345 ... Oximes for Treatment of Peripheral and Central Nervous System Exposure to Acetyl Cholinesterase Inhibitors ...
https://www.swri.org/patents/oximes-treatment-of-peripheral-central-nervous-system-exposure-acetyl-cholinesterase
Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Part 4: The Cholinergic Toxidrome Section 10: Laboratory Assessment of the Cholinergic Toxidrome Red...Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Part 4: The Cholinergic Toxidrome Section 10: Laboratory Assessment of the Cholinergic Toxidrome Red...
Describing the usefulness and limitations of laboratory analysis of RBC and serum cholinesterase levels. ... Where Cholinesterase Inhibitors are Found. RBC cholinesterase. Serum cholinesterase. Low levels. *Antimalarial drugs (Clark ... Red Blood Cell (RBC) cholinesterase (also called true cholinesterase).. *Serum cholinesterase (also called pseudocholinesterase ... Other Causes of Cholinesterase Level Abnormalities. Other conditions, besides exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause ...
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/cholinesterase-inhibitors/serum.html
ShareShare
We evaluated the prognostic value of serum cholinesterase (SChE) levels in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients requiring intensive ... Value of serum cholinesterase activity in the diagnosis of septic shock due to bacterial infections. J Intensive Care Med 32: ... Value of serum cholinesterase activity in the diagnosis of septic shock due to bacterial infections. J Intensive Care Med 32: ... Prognostic value of human erythrocyte acetyl cholinesterase in acute organophosphate poisoning. Am J Emerg Med 24: 822-827. ...
https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/107/3/article-p534.xml?rskey=q6QGEF&result=2
Size of the treatment effect on cognition of cholinesterase inhibition in Alzheimers disease | Journal of Neurology,...Size of the treatment effect on cognition of cholinesterase inhibition in Alzheimer's disease | Journal of Neurology,...
Background: Six cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have been tested in people with Alzheimers disease, using methods currently ... Bentham P, Gray R, Hills R, et al. Twelve-week response to cholinesterase inhibitors does not predict future benefit: the ... Although cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have been used for several years to treat Alzheimers disease (AD), scepticism about ... Qizilbash N, Whitehead A, Higgins J, et al. Cholinesterase inhibition for Alzheimer disease: a meta-analysis of the tacrine ...
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/75/5/677
Cholinesterase - South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCholinesterase - South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Cholinesterase is a term, which encompasses two enzymes; Acetylcholinesterase and Pseudocholinesterase. Both of these catalyse ... The muscle relaxant suxamethonium ion, when used in anaesthesia is rapidly degraded by cholinesterase and only allows the drug ... true cholinesterase] which is found in the RBCs and CSF). It is essential for the degradation of acetylcholine (the chemical ...
https://www.southtees.nhs.uk/services/pathology/tests/cholinesterase/
Interaction ofcycloSal-Pronucleotides with Cholinesterases from Different Origins. A Structure−Activity Relationship† -...
Interaction ofcycloSal-Pronucleotides with Cholinesterases from Different Origins. A Structure−Activity Relationship† Share ... Interaction ofcycloSal-Pronucleotides with Cholinesterases from Different Origins. A Structure−Activity Relationship† ...
https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/15022
Acute toxicity studies on sumithion and its effect on blood and brain cholinesterase activities in mice,Vani PV, Paul B S:...Acute toxicity studies on sumithion and its effect on blood and brain cholinesterase activities in mice,Vani PV, Paul B S:...
The maximum cholinesterase. inhibition in both blood and brain (74% and 86% respectively) was noted after one hour of ... Acute toxicity studies on sumithion and its effect on blood and brain cholinesterase activities in mice. Prasad Vadlamudi Vani ... The effect of LD50 on cholinesterase activity in blood and brain was also studied. The toxic symptoms appeared after about I5 ...
https://ijp-online.com/article.asp?issn=0253-7613
The effects of inhibition of plasma cholinesterase and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity on cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine...
Dive into the research topics of The effects of inhibition of plasma cholinesterase and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity on ... T1 - The effects of inhibition of plasma cholinesterase and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity on cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ... The effects of inhibition of plasma cholinesterase and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity on cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine ... The effects of inhibition of plasma cholinesterase and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity on cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine ...
https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-effects-of-inhibition-of-plasma-cholinesterase-and-hepatic-mi
Rational choice of cholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimers disease in Canada: a comparative economic analysis...Rational choice of cholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in Canada: a comparative economic analysis...
Cholinesterase inhibitors, such as galantamine, donepezil and rivastigmine are approved for symptomatic treatment of ... From: Rational choice of cholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimers disease in Canada: a comparative economic ...
https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2318-3-6/peer-review
Effect of pomegranate extracts on brain antioxidant markers and cholinesterase activity in high fat-high fructose diet induced...Effect of pomegranate extracts on brain antioxidant markers and cholinesterase activity in high fat-high fructose diet induced...
For in vivo study, HFD regime induced a significant increase of cholinesterase activity in brain by 17.4% as compared to normal ... In vitro study showed that PSO, PL, PP, PJ inhibited cholinesterase activity in dose dependant manner. PL extract displayed the ... However, the administration of PSO, PL, PJ and PP to HDF-rats decreased cholinesterase activity in brain respectively by 15.48 ... In vitro and in vivo cholinesterase activity, brain oxidative status, body and brain weight and plasma lipid profile were ...
https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-017-1842-9/tables/2
Assessment of antidotal efficacy of cholinesterase reactivators against paraoxon: In vitro reactivation kinetics and...Assessment of antidotal efficacy of cholinesterase reactivators against paraoxon: In vitro reactivation kinetics and...
Assessment of antidotal efficacy of cholinesterase reactivators against paraoxon: In vitro reactivation kinetics and ... Assessment of antidotal efficacy of cholinesterase reactivators against paraoxon: In vitro reactivation kinetics and ... Assessment of antidotal efficacy of cholinesterase reactivators against paraoxon: In vitro reactivation kinetics and ... Assessment of antidotal efficacy of cholinesterase reactivators against paraoxon: In vitro reactivation kinetics and ...
https://www.bib.irb.hr/722952
Zobrazit Using the Ellman Method for In Vivo Testing of Cholinesterase ActivityZobrazit Using the Ellman Method for In Vivo Testing of Cholinesterase Activity
Návrat na podrobnosti článku Using the Ellman Method for In Vivo Testing of Cholinesterase Activity Stáhnout Stáhnout PDF ...
http://chemicke-listy.cz/ojs3/index.php/chemicke-listy/article/view/1419/1419
Cholinesterase FS - DiaSys Diagnostic Systems GmbHCholinesterase FS - DiaSys Diagnostic Systems GmbH
Products , Kit Lines , System kits , Cholinesterase FS. System kits: Cholinesterase FS. Cat. No.. Kit size. ...
https://www.diasys-diagnostics.com/products/kit-lines/system-kits/product-details/237-cholinesterase-fs/product.show
Competency of aMCI patients to consent to cholinesterase treatment<...
Competency of aMCI patients to consent to cholinesterase treatment. Etsuko Oshima, Shintaro Takenoshita, Risa Iwai, Mayumi Yabe ... Competency of aMCI patients to consent to cholinesterase treatment. / Oshima, Etsuko; Takenoshita, Shintaro; Iwai, Risa et al. ... Dive into the research topics of Competency of aMCI patients to consent to cholinesterase treatment. Together they form a ... Competency of aMCI patients to consent to cholinesterase treatment. In: International Psychogeriatrics. 2020 ; Vol. 32, No. 2. ...
https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/competency-of-amci-patients-to-consent-to-cholinesterase-treatmen
CHNOLA | Cholinesterase (Blood)CHNOLA | Cholinesterase (Blood)
Cholinesterase (Blood). Does this test have other names?. RBC cholinesterase, true cholinesterase, red cell cholinesterase, ... Cholinesterase is an enzyme that helps your nervous system work the way it should. Certain toxic chemicals in the environment ... They are called cholinesterase inhibitors. An overdose of these chemicals can be fatal. ...
https://healthlibrary.chnola.org/RelatedItems/167,cholinesterase_blood
Cholinesterase Reactivators | Profiles RNS
"Cholinesterase Reactivators" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH ( ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cholinesterase Reactivators" by people in this website by year ... Drugs used to reverse the inactivation of cholinesterase caused by organophosphates or sulfonates. They are an important ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Cholinesterase Reactivators" by people in Profiles. ...
https://profiles.ouhsc.edu/display/29598
Cholinesterases
The nanoconjugate contained l-leucine ethyl-ester (LOEt(40%)) for permeation through endosomal membrane into cytoplasmic to be able to achieve AON delivery for the inhibition of HER2 synthesis [24]. Open in another window Figure 10 Development inhibition of human being HER2+ breasts tumor in preclinical research of nude mice treated with the traditional PMLA-nanoconjugate containing HER2-antisense oligonucleotide (AONHer2 blocking mRNAHer2), trastuzumab (Herceptin), and anti-mouse TfR antibody (m-TfR). get away and fast bloodstream clearance, aswell as the upsurge in treatment and contrasts for cells imaging. Large affinity antibodies regarded as for focusing on, like the mind through the bloodCbrain hurdle (BBB), are changed by moderate affinity binding peptides (vectors), which penetrate at high influxes not really attainable by antibodies. [26,27], and achieved by ring-opening polymerization [28 synthetically,29,30]. Low molecular mass PMLA 10,000 g/mol can be stated in high prices by fungi ...
http://www.baxkyardgardener.com/category/cholinesterases/
Cholinesterase, Serum | MCI Diagnostic Center, LLCCholinesterase, Serum | MCI Diagnostic Center, LLC
Two types of cholinesterase are found in blood: "true" cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase) in red cells and " ... Plasmapheresis has been noted to decrease the level of plasma cholinesterase. Patients with abnormally low cholinesterase ... Such novel cholinesterase activity was found only in the sera of patients undergoing antitumor therapy (eg, chemotherapy or ... In estimating the duration of this enhanced activity, measures of plasma cholinesterase half-life have been utilized. The true ...
https://mcidiagnostics.com/project/cholinesterase-serum/
Combined Molecular Modeling and Cholinesterase Inhibition Studies on Some Natural and Semisynthetic O-Alkylcoumarin DerivativesCombined Molecular Modeling and Cholinesterase Inhibition Studies on Some Natural and Semisynthetic O-Alkylcoumarin Derivatives
Therefore, our results disclose that O-alkylcoumarins are promising selective inhibitors of cholinesterase enzymes, ... Therefore, our results disclose that O-alkylcoumarins are promising selective inhibitors of cholinesterase enzymes, ...
https://ricerca.unich.it/handle/11564/699299
CholinesterasesCholinesterases
Supplementary MaterialsFigure S1: Characterization of the tiny RNA quantities in the total RNA. would be visually difficult to present in a single plot). Y-axis is miRNA expression levels in log10 scale and demonstrates Ac2-26 a similar 5 orders of magnitude dynamic range Ac2-26 of miRNA expression for all cell types. Horizontal dashed lines indicate arbitrary high and low expression thresholds.(TIF) pone.0102259.s002.tif (357K) GUID:?1DBB3306-4902-4886-BC18-8FF25E560340 Figure S3: Platelet miRNA expression correlations. The 50 highest expressed platelet miRNAs were considered from the current study and the PRAX1 study (Edelstein et al. Nat Med 2013). (A) Venn-diagram showing 47 of 50 miRNAs were shared between both studies. (B) Pearson correlation between miRNAs in both studies. Points represent the mean of 5 subjects in the current study and the mean of 154 subjects in the PRAX1 study.(TIF) pone.0102259.s003.tif (430K) GUID:?C7724DBB-728B-4B76-A0F2-C81862E0C2B9 Table S1: Demographic table. ...
http://www.cell-signaling-pathways.com/category/cholinesterases/
AcetylcholinesteraseTrue cholinesteraseReactivatorsSerum cholinesterase activityAlzheimer'sAdministering cholinesterase inhibitorsButyrylcholinesterasePlasmaHuman cholinesteraseExposureAcetyl cholinesteraseChEIsInhibitor toxicityCholinergicPesticidePatientsRivastigmineInhibitoryInsecticidesActivityReversiblyLevelsSynthesisDecreaseBiomarkerAdverse effectsDementiaAlbuminAcuteHydrolaseReactivationOrganophosphatesBrainCognitiveReversibleSymptomsFluctuationsEnzymesPotentTissue
Acetylcholinesterase5
  • Protein folding is likely to be very similar in human cholinesterase and Torpedo acetylcholinesterase. (umich.edu)
  • Pseudocholinesterase is formed in the liver, pancreas, heart and brain white matter, (not to be confused with acetylcholinesterase [true cholinesterase] which is found in the RBC's and CSF). (southtees.nhs.uk)
  • Two types of cholinesterase are found in blood: "true" cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase) in red cells and "pseudocholinesterase" (acylcholine acylhydrolase) in serum (plasma). (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • Esmolol is rapidly metabolized by hydrolysis of the ester linkage, chiefly by the esterases in the cytosol of red blood cells and not by plasma cholinesterases or red cell membrane acetylcholinesterase. (mdwiki.org)
  • Plasma cholinesterases and red cell membrane acetylcholinesterase do not have any action. (mdwiki.org)
True cholinesterase1
  • Red Blood Cell (RBC) cholinesterase (also called true cholinesterase). (cdc.gov)
Reactivators5
  • The present invention relates to non-charged oxime compounds which are acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) reactivators of inhibited AChE and which protect against organophosphate poisoning both peripherally and in the central nervous system. (swri.org)
  • Cholinesterase Reactivators" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ouhsc.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cholinesterase Reactivators" by people in this website by year, and whether "Cholinesterase Reactivators" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Cholinesterase Reactivators" by people in Profiles. (ouhsc.edu)
  • A wide range of oxime compounds were introduced in 1955 as potent reactivators of sarin-inhibited cholinesterase (ChE) in both red blood cells and rat brain tissue. (cdc.gov)
Serum cholinesterase activity7
  • Lowest serum cholinesterase activity (nadir) stratified by outcome. (ajtmh.org)
  • Receiver-operating characteristic curve for ability of association of serum cholinesterase activity with mortality. (ajtmh.org)
  • Lowest serum cholinesterase activity (nadir) stratified by the development of the nosocomial infection. (ajtmh.org)
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Serum cholinesterase activity in patients with malaria infection. (who.int)
  • Areekul S, Srichairat S, Churdchu K, Yamarat P, Viravan C. Serum cholinesterase activity in patients with malaria infection. (who.int)
  • Patients with acute P. falciparum malaria had significantly lower serum cholinesterase activity than those of the control group. (who.int)
  • Low serum cholinesterase activity may relate to exposure to insecticides or to one of a number of variant genotypes. (mcidiagnostics.com)
Alzheimer's7
  • Kaduszkiewicz H, Zimmermann T, Beck-Bornholdt HP, van den Bussche H. Cholinesterase inhibitors for patients with Alzheimer's disease: systematic review of randomized clinical trials.BMJ. (choosingwisely.org)
  • Birks J. Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. (choosingwisely.org)
  • The purpose of this study is to find out if atovastatin, when taken with a cholinesterase inhibitor, is effective for treating Alzheimer's disease. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Six cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have been tested in people with Alzheimer's disease, using methods currently required for regulatory approval. (bmj.com)
  • To determine whether cholinesterase inhibition produces treatment effects in Alzheimer's disease that are large enough to be clinically detectable. (bmj.com)
  • Although cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have been used for several years to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD), scepticism about their effectiveness persists. (bmj.com)
  • Alzheimer's disease: to withdraw or continue cholinesterase inhibitors? (univadis.com)
Administering cholinesterase inhibitors1
  • Studies also indicate that administering cholinesterase inhibitors to these patients can improve neuropsychological test scores. (medscape.com)
Butyrylcholinesterase2
  • Serum cholinesterase (also called pseudocholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase). (cdc.gov)
  • The erythrocyte cholinesterase biomarker showed normality in 63.8% rural workers and 36.2% with alteration in butyrylcholinesterase. (bvsalud.org)
Plasma14
  • We measured the blood levels of cocaine and its three major metabolites, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester, and norcocaine, in three groups of male pigs weighing about 26 kg (25.75 ± 0.25 kg) to determine the effects of inhibition of plasma cholinesterase and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity on cocaine metabolism. (elsevier.com)
  • Group 1 pigs (n = 4) were pretreated with normal saline solution, group 2 pigs (n = 4) were pretreated with tetraisopropyl pyrophosphoramide, a specific plasma cholinesterase inhibitor, and group 3 pigs (n = 4) were pretreated with cimetidine, a hepatic microsomal enzyme inhibitor, all administered intramuscularly. (elsevier.com)
  • Cocaine and cocaine metabolite blood levels were analyzed with high-pressure liquid chromatography methods and plasma cholinesterase activity was measured with a colorimetric method. (elsevier.com)
  • We conclude from these experiments that inhibition of plasma cholinesterase activity accelerated the metabolism of cocaine by an alternative route, resulting in significant alterations in the blood levels of benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester. (elsevier.com)
  • Very small amounts (0.04−0.06 mg/kg) of succinylcholine are needed to obtain 90% of neuromuscular blockade in patients with low levels of plasma cholinesterase activity. (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • The value of assessing risk status in persons exposed to organophosphate insecticides on the basis of plasma or serum cholinesterase levels alone has been called into question. (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • Plasmapheresis has been noted to decrease the level of plasma cholinesterase. (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • Patients with abnormally low cholinesterase activity after transfusion of blood or plasma will experience temporary augmentation of enzyme level. (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • In estimating the duration of this enhanced activity, measures of plasma cholinesterase half-life have been utilized. (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • Decreased plasma or red blood cell (RBC) cholinesterase activity. (cdc.gov)
  • Plasma or RBC cholinesterase may be disproportionately inhibited depending on the particular nerve agent, amount of exposure and time interval since exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Although a plasma cholinesterase level was not detectable on admission, the patient's red blood cell cholinesterase level was normal when measured after completion of pralidoxime therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • The use of serial measurement of plasma cholinesterase in the management of acute poisoning with organophosphates and carbamates. (informaticsjournals.com)
  • to evaluate the effects of the use of pesticides on the health of rural workers working in family farming in terms of intoxication through the evaluation of the erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase biomarkers. (bvsalud.org)
Human cholinesterase2
  • Human cholinesterase has recently been sequenced and cloned. (umich.edu)
  • A half-life value determined by measuring the rate of disappearance after intravenous injection of human cholinesterase has provided an average value of 11 days. (mcidiagnostics.com)
Exposure7
  • What aspects of this situation suggest toxic exposure to a cholinesterase inhibitor? (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, unless pre-exposure levels are available for comparison, only a level of inhibition greater than that due to interindividual variability (about 25% for RBC cholinesterase) can be considered significant. (cdc.gov)
  • In one study of 29 farm workers who were symptomatic after exposure to pesticides, none had RBC or serum cholinesterase levels below the lower limit of normal. (cdc.gov)
  • Screening revealed a high proportion of Hmong adults with unsafe levels of cholinesterase inhibition, an indicator of exposure to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. (ilo.org)
  • Dyer SM, Cattani M, Pisaniello DL, Williams FM, Edwards JW.Peripheral cholinesterase inhibition by occupational chlorpyrifos exposure in Australian termiticide applicators. (informaticsjournals.com)
  • Two hours after exposure, brain, lung, and diaphragm tissue samples were frozen for assay of cholinesterase activity. (harvoa.org)
  • Brain cholinesterase activity was only minimally inhibited in either ozone exposure group. (harvoa.org)
Acetyl cholinesterase1
  • ChEBI: Donepezil hydrochloride is a centrally acting reversible acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. (pharmaapis.com)
ChEIs3
  • The hypothesis that cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) only treat symptoms caused by cholinergic imbalances in AD is overly simplistic. (elsevier.com)
  • The standard medical treatment for AD includes cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and a partial N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist. (medscape.com)
  • Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and mental exercises are used in an attempt to prevent or delay the deterioration of cognition in patients with AD. (medscape.com)
Inhibitor toxicity3
  • What laboratory tests are most helpful in guiding the emergency treatment of acute cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity? (cdc.gov)
  • linesterase levels play an important role in the emergency diagnosis and treatment of cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity. (cdc.gov)
  • Some authors suggest that, when compared to an individual's baseline value, changes in RBC cholinesterase levels correlate well with cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity. (cdc.gov)
Cholinergic6
  • Although the drug's mechanism of action is unknown, it may reversibly inhibit cholinesterase, which may, in turn, increase concentrations of ACh available for synaptic transmission in the CNS and enhance cholinergic function. (medscape.com)
  • Although its mechanism of action unknown, the drug may reversibly inhibit cholinesterase, which may, in turn, increase concentrations of ACh available for synaptic transmission in the CNS and enhance cholinergic function. (medscape.com)
  • Although its mechanism of action is unknown, it may reversibly inhibit cholinesterase, which may, in turn, increase concentrations of ACh available for synaptic transmission in the CNS and thereby enhance cholinergic function. (medscape.com)
  • The interaction of the cholinergic fluorescent probes, 1-(5-dimethyl-aminoaphthalene-1-sulfonamido) ethane-2-trimethylammonium perchlorate, 1-(5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonamido) pentane-5-trimethylammonium tartarate and 1-(5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonamido) decane-10- trimethylammonium tartarate with horse serum cholinesterase has been examined by fluorescence and n.m.r. methods. (iisc.ac.in)
  • Cholinesterases (ChEs) play a vital role in the regulation of cholinergic transmission. (blogspot.com)
  • After aging has occurred, common therapeutics like oximes cannot reactivate the cholinesterase enzyme and relieve cholinergic inhibition. (cdc.gov)
Pesticide2
  • We assessed the comparative brain cholinesterase ( AChE ) activity level of five bird species inhabiting pesticide exposed croplands and Protected Area i.e. (bvsalud.org)
  • During this campaign, epidemiologists from the CDC and the EPA, examined cases of malathion poisoning in local Pakistani malaria control team members, while provincial, and district staff performed cholinesterase analyses to determine levels of pesticide intoxication. (cdc.gov)
Patients9
  • Patients with DLB are more likely than patients with Alzheimer disease to improve with cholinesterase inhibitor therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Clinicians, patients, and their caregivers should discuss treatment goals of practical value that can be easily assessed and the nature and likelihood of adverse effects before beginning a trial of cholinesterase inhibitors. (choosingwisely.org)
  • To Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Atorvastatin Plus a Cholinesterase Inhibitor in AD Patients. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Serum cholinesterase activities were determined in 87 patients of both sexes with P. falciparum malaria in comparison to those of 80 blood donors. (who.int)
  • Sensitivity of cholinesterase is 100%, its specificity is 100% and its accuracy is 100%, in predicting liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis C . Cholinesterase is positively correlated with Hb, platelets and albumin . (bvsalud.org)
  • There is significant increase of cholinesterase among compensated compared with decompensated cirrhotic patients . (bvsalud.org)
  • Patients with a variety of carcinomas have been reported to accumulate an embryonic type of cholinesterase activity in their sera. (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • Such novel cholinesterase activity was found only in the sera of patients undergoing antitumor therapy (eg, chemotherapy or radiation therapy and/or hormone therapy). (mcidiagnostics.com)
  • The study population comprised 11,652 AD patients who were started on a cholinesterase inhibitor within 3 months of being diagnosed with dementia, and 5,826 matched non-treated patients. (neurodiem.ie)
Rivastigmine1
  • Treatment was conducted with cholinesterase inhibitors (Donepezil, Rivastigmine, or Galantamine) and antidepressants (Sertraline, Citalopram or Venlafaxine XR, alone or in combination with Bupropion XR). (alzheimers-treatment-today.com)
Inhibitory1
  • Human serum cholinesterase (ChE) was inhibited almost to the same extent by LSD and the nonpsychotomimetic BOL-148 (pI50 = 50 0nhibition produced by a dosage of 10-6.5M or 10-6M), and chlorpromazine which antagonizes the psychotomimetic effect of LSD was more effective (pI50- 10-5M) than the psychotomimetic Psilocybin (pI50 = 10-4.6M). Mescaline, like amphetamine and meprobamate had no marked inhibitory effect. (erowid.org)
Insecticides1
  • N-methyl carbamate insecticides, miticides, and nematicides are cholinesterase inhibitors. (aces.edu)
Activity6
  • The muscle relaxant suxamethonium ion, when used in anaesthesia is rapidly degraded by cholinesterase and only allows the drug 2-5 minutes physiological activity. (southtees.nhs.uk)
  • The effect of LD50 on cholinesterase activity in blood and brain was also studied. (ijp-online.com)
  • Cholinesterase activity correlates poorly with severity of local effects after vapor exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • 5) 'This study sought to determine if ozone at levels known to induce bronchial hyperreactivity in guinea pigs would inhibit tissue cholinesterase activity. (harvoa.org)
  • Both levels of ozone significantly inhibited lung cholinesterase activity compared to control animals' activity: a 17% decrease in activity in the 0.1 ppm ozone group (P less than .05) and a 16% decrease in the 0.8 ppm ozone group (P less than .05). (harvoa.org)
  • The analysis of the water (by gas chromatography) and the determination of the cholinesterase activity of the blood was done in the University of Cluj. (romanianrevolutionofdecember1989.com)
Reversibly1
  • 1. Donepezil binds and inactivates reversibly the cholinesterases, thus inhibiting hydrolysis of acetylcholine. (pharmaapis.com)
Levels14
  • Serum cholinesterase is a blood test that looks at levels of 2 substances that help the nervous system work properly. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Describe the usefulness and limitations of laboratory analysis of RBC and serum cholinesterase levels. (cdc.gov)
  • Circulating RBC and serum (uninhibited) cholinesterase levels are used to approximate levels in neural tissue, since the latter are impractical to obtain. (cdc.gov)
  • That is, it is thought to more closely approximate cholinesterase levels in the neurosynapse. (cdc.gov)
  • Listed below are some of the sources of error in the measurement and interpretation of cholinesterase levels. (cdc.gov)
  • After treatment, their serum cholinesterase levels returned to the normal level. (who.int)
  • Serum albumin concentration also showed the same pattern and had a direct relationship to those of serum cholinesterase levels. (who.int)
  • The brain cholinesterase inhibition levels under-protected ecosystems (DVNP, Bhimber) and agricultural landscape suggest insecticidal contamination and its impact on avifauna diversity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Of the nutritional indicators, only cholinesterase levels had a significant relationship with peak VO 2 (r =.34, P =.028), whereas the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and the Controlling Nutritional Status scores did not. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
  • In multiple linear regression analysis, cholinesterase levels and isometric KEMS were independent predictors of peak VO 2 . (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
  • Conclusion: Cholinesterase levels predicted exercise capacity early after HTx. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
  • Of the nutritional indicators, only cholinesterase levels had a significant relationship with peak VO2 (r =.34, P =.028), whereas the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and the Controlling Nutritional Status scores did not. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
  • Convalescent cholinesterase levels could not be obtained. (cdc.gov)
  • Statistically significant decreases were also noted in the red cell cholinesterase levels over the season, to a clinically significant degree. (cdc.gov)
Synthesis1
  • These findings indicated that malarial parasites had some effect on the liver cells which resulted in impaired hepatic synthesis of serum cholinesterase and albumin concentrations. (who.int)
Decrease1
  • Because of this, a person who usually has a "high-normal" level of cholinesterase could be significantly toxic but his or her cholinesterase level could decrease only into the "low-normal" range. (cdc.gov)
Biomarker1
  • cholinesterase is an excellent biomarker of cirrhosis with good sensitivity and specificity . (bvsalud.org)
Adverse effects2
  • What are the three major delayed adverse effects that can follow recovery from the acute cholinesterase toxicity? (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, adverse effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are common. (medscape.com)
Dementia3
  • Don't prescribe cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia without periodic assessment for perceived cognitive benefits and adverse gastrointestinal effects. (choosingwisely.org)
  • Researchers from the Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, in Huddinge, Sweden, analyzed longitudinal data from the Swedish Dementia Registry to investigate whether cholinesterase inhibitors are associated with less cognitive decline in AD and a reduced risk of severe dementia or death. (neurodiem.ie)
  • The AAN guidelines explain that cholinesterase inhibitors have not shown clear benefit in terms of cognitive outcomes or reduction in progression from MCI to dementia. (medscape.com)
Albumin1
  • Cholinesterase shows good correlation with albumin , PT, INR and Child -Puch score. (bvsalud.org)
Acute3
  • What are the major treatment strategies recommended in acute cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning? (cdc.gov)
  • What is the usual cause of death from acute cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning? (cdc.gov)
  • This result therefore add new information that there was a disturbance of enzyme cholinesterase among many liver enzymes that have been shown to be altered during an acute malarial attack. (who.int)
Hydrolase1
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8). (ebi.ac.uk)
Reactivation1
  • Errors in laboratory results can also occur if samples are stored at room temperature, because cholinesterase bound to un-aged inhibitors can undergo significant spontaneous reactivation. (cdc.gov)
Organophosphates1
  • Drugs used to reverse the inactivation of cholinesterase caused by organophosphates or sulfonates. (ouhsc.edu)
Brain2
  • Also, caution is necessary in attempting to extend these observations to the cholinesterase of other tissues, particularly of brain. (erowid.org)
  • Although Thompson et al 'obtained similar inhibition rates for brain and serum cholinesterase with LSD, as did Ord and Thompson with several other inhibitors, it is still not certain that the enzymes occurring in the two tissues are identical. (erowid.org)
Cognitive2
  • Although some randomized control trials suggest that cholinesterase inhibitors may improve cognitive testing results, it is unclear whether these changes are clinically meaningful. (choosingwisely.org)
  • Cholinesterase inhibitor use is associated with cognitive benefits that are modest but persist over time, according to new findings from a large registry study. (neurodiem.ie)
Reversible1
  • A reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. (ebi.ac.uk)
Symptoms2
  • What are the major classifications of signs and symptoms characteristic of cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning? (cdc.gov)
  • Instead, treatment of cholinesterase poisoning is usually based on symptoms. (chnola.org)
Fluctuations1
  • By a thorough bioinformatics analysis of cholinesterases (ChEs), we identified specific hot spots, responsible for protein fluctuations and functions, and those active-site residues that play a role in modulating the cooperative network among the key substructures. (nih.gov)
Enzymes1
  • Therefore, our results disclose that O-alkylcoumarins are promising selective inhibitors of cholinesterase enzymes, particularly BChE in our case, which definitely deserve further studies. (unich.it)
Potent1
  • An organophosphorous ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. (fluoridealert.org)
Tissue1
  • Gordon T, Taylor BF, Amdur MO, 'Ozone inhibition of tissue cholinesterase in guinea pigs. (harvoa.org)
Alzheimer Disease Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Treatment of Mild to Moderate Disease, Treatment of Moderate...
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Browsing African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (‎APOC)‎ by Subject Cholinesterase Reactivators
Browsing African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (‎APOC)‎ by Subject "Cholinesterase Reactivators" (apps.who.int)
Cholinesterase - blood: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Cholinesterase - blood: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (medlineplus.gov)
Browsing by Subject Cholinesterase Inhibitors
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CDC - NIOSH Worker Health Charts
CDC - NIOSH Worker Health Charts (wwwn.cdc.gov)
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Pseudocholinesterase deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Liver Transplantation Workup: Approach Considerations, Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies
Liver Transplantation Workup: Approach Considerations, Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies (medscape.com)
Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Part 4: The Cholinergic Toxidrome Section 1: What is the Cholinergic Toxidrome? | Environmental...
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Updated Regulations to Protect Agricultural Workers | NIOSH | CDC
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Huntington Disease Dementia Follow-up: Prognosis, Patient Education (emedicine.medscape.com)
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Alzheimer Disease Workup: Approach Considerations, Blood Studies, Brain MRI or CT Scanning
Alzheimer Disease Workup: Approach Considerations, Blood Studies, Brain MRI or CT Scanning (medscape.com)
Alzheimer Disease Workup: Approach Considerations, Blood Studies, Brain MRI or CT Scanning
Alzheimer Disease Workup: Approach Considerations, Blood Studies, Brain MRI or CT Scanning (medscape.com)
Medscape | Aging Health - Content Listing
Medscape | Aging Health - Content Listing (medscape.com)
Medscape | Aging Health - Content Listing
Medscape | Aging Health - Content Listing (medscape.com)