An enzyme that is active in the first step of choline phosphoglyceride (lecithin) biosynthesis by catalyzing the phosphorylation of choline to phosphorylcholine in the presence of ATP. Ethanolamine and its methyl and ethyl derivatives can also act as acceptors. EC 2.7.1.32.
Donor of choline in biosynthesis of choline-containing phosphoglycerides.
Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.
A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism.
A potent inhibitor of the high affinity uptake system for CHOLINE. It has less effect on the low affinity uptake system. Since choline is one of the components of ACETYLCHOLINE, treatment with hemicholinium can deplete acetylcholine from cholinergic terminals. Hemicholinium 3 is commonly used as a research tool in animal and in vitro experiments.
Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids.
Phosphotransferases that catalyzes the conversion of 1-phosphatidylinositol to 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Many members of this enzyme class are involved in RECEPTOR MEDIATED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and regulation of vesicular transport with the cell. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases have been classified both according to their substrate specificity and their mode of action within the cell.
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of acetylcholine from acetyl-CoA and choline. EC 2.3.1.6.
An intracellular signaling system involving the MAP kinase cascades (three-membered protein kinase cascades). Various upstream activators, which act in response to extracellular stimuli, trigger the cascades by activating the first member of a cascade, MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES; (MAPKKKs). Activated MAPKKKs phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES which in turn phosphorylate the MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; (MAPKs). The MAPKs then act on various downstream targets to affect gene expression. In mammals, there are several distinct MAP kinase pathways including the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway, the SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun kinase) pathway, and the p38 kinase pathway. There is some sharing of components among the pathways depending on which stimulus originates activation of the cascade.
An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of cytidylate (CMP) to choline phosphate to form CDPcholine. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in the choline pathway for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine. Its activity is increased by glucocorticoids. EC 2.7.7.15.
A rather large group of enzymes comprising not only those transferring phosphate but also diphosphate, nucleotidyl residues, and others. These have also been subdivided according to the acceptor group. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.
A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein.
A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.
A condition produced by a deficiency of CHOLINE in animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined deficiency of choline (included in the B vitamin complex) and all other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals. Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)
A viscous, hygroscopic amino alcohol with an ammoniacal odor. It is widely distributed in biological tissue and is a component of lecithin. It is used as a surfactant, fluorimetric reagent, and to remove CO2 and H2S from natural gas and other gases.
A group of enzymes that are dependent on CYCLIC AMP and catalyze the phosphorylation of SERINE or THREONINE residues on proteins. Included under this category are two cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase subtypes, each of which is defined by its subunit composition.
Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES.
A CALMODULIN-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins. This enzyme is also sometimes dependent on CALCIUM. A wide range of proteins can act as acceptor, including VIMENTIN; SYNAPSINS; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE; MYOSIN LIGHT CHAINS; and the MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p277)
An antidepressive agent that has also been used in the treatment of movement disorders. The mechanism of action is not well understood.
A mercaptocholine used as a reagent for the determination of CHOLINESTERASES. It also serves as a highly selective nerve stain.
A PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE family that was originally identified by homology to the Rous sarcoma virus ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(V-SRC). They interact with a variety of cell-surface receptors and participate in intracellular signal transduction pathways. Oncogenic forms of src-family kinases can occur through altered regulation or expression of the endogenous protein and by virally encoded src (v-src) genes.
The chemical processes, enzymatic activities, and pathways of living things and related temporal, dimensional, qualitative, and quantitative concepts.
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.
Agents that have a damaging effect on the HEART. Such damage can occur from ALKYLATING AGENTS; FREE RADICALS; or metabolites from OXIDATIVE STRESS and in some cases is countered by CARDIOTONIC AGENTS. Induction of LONG QT SYNDROME or TORSADES DE POINTES has been the reason for viewing some drugs as cardiotoxins.
Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.
A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that regulates a variety of cellular processes including CELL GROWTH PROCESSES; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; APOPTOSIS; and cellular responses to INFLAMMATION. The P38 MAP kinases are regulated by CYTOKINE RECEPTORS and can be activated in response to bacterial pathogens.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
A proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinase which mediates signal transduction from the cell surface to the nucleus. Activation of the enzyme by phosphorylation leads to its translocation into the nucleus where it acts upon specific transcription factors. p40 MAPK and p41 MAPK are isoforms.
A group of enzymes that transfers a phosphate group onto an alcohol group acceptor. EC 2.7.1.
AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the ETHANOLAMINE; (-NH2CH2CHOH) group and its derivatives.
The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
A family of serine-threonine kinases that bind to and are activated by MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS such as RAC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS and CDC42 GTP-BINDING PROTEIN. They are intracellular signaling kinases that play a role the regulation of cytoskeletal organization.
A naturally occurring compound that has been of interest for its role in osmoregulation. As a drug, betaine hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the treatment of hypochlorhydria. Betaine has also been used in the treatment of liver disorders, for hyperkalemia, for homocystinuria, and for gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1341)
A serine-threonine protein kinase family whose members are components in protein kinase cascades activated by diverse stimuli. These MAPK kinases phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES and are themselves phosphorylated by MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES. JNK kinases (also known as SAPK kinases) are a subfamily.
A subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases that activate TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 via the phosphorylation of C-JUN PROTEINS. They are components of intracellular signaling pathways that regulate CELL PROLIFERATION; APOPTOSIS; and CELL DIFFERENTIATION.
A 44-kDa extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinase that may play a role the initiation and regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. It phosphorylates a number of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; and MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS.
An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of phosphatidylcholines from CDPcholine and 1,2-diacylglycerols. EC 2.7.8.2.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.
An enzyme bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes the oxidation of CHOLINE to BETAINE.
Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.
A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.
A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.
Phosphoprotein with protein kinase activity that functions in the G2/M phase transition of the CELL CYCLE. It is the catalytic subunit of the MATURATION-PROMOTING FACTOR and complexes with both CYCLIN A and CYCLIN B in mammalian cells. The maximal activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 is achieved when it is fully dephosphorylated.
Protein kinases that control cell cycle progression in all eukaryotes and require physical association with CYCLINS to achieve full enzymatic activity. Cyclin-dependent kinases are regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are serine-threonine protein kinases that initiate protein kinase signaling cascades. They phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES; (MAPKKs) which in turn phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; (MAPKs).
A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
A dsRNA-activated cAMP-independent protein serine/threonine kinase that is induced by interferon. In the presence of dsRNA and ATP, the kinase autophosphorylates on several serine and threonine residues. The phosphorylated enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of EUKARYOTIC INITIATION FACTOR-2, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis.
A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.
A group of protein-serine-threonine kinases that was originally identified as being responsible for the PHOSPHORYLATION of CASEINS. They are ubiquitous enzymes that have a preference for acidic proteins. Casein kinases play a role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION by phosphorylating a variety of regulatory cytoplasmic and regulatory nuclear proteins.
A class of enzymes that transfers nucleotidyl residues. EC 2.7.7.
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Phosphorylation and regulation of choline kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by protein kinase A. (1/136)

The CKI1-encoded choline kinase (ATP:choline phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.32) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was phosphorylated in vivo on multiple serine residues. Activation of protein kinase A activity in vivo resulted in a transient increase in the phosphorylation of choline kinase. This phosphorylation was accompanied by a stimulation in choline kinase activity. In vitro, protein kinase A phosphorylated choline kinase on a serine residue with a stoichiometry (0.44 mol of phosphate/mol of choline kinase) consistent with one phosphorylation site/choline kinase subunit. The major phosphopeptide derived from the enzyme phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase A was common to one of the major phosphopeptides derived from the enzyme phosphorylated in vivo. Protein kinase A activity was dose- and time-dependent and dependent on the concentrations of ATP (Km 2.1 microM) and choline kinase (Km 0.12 microM). Phosphorylation of choline kinase with protein kinase A resulted in a stimulation (1.9-fold) in choline kinase activity whereas alkaline phosphatase treatment of choline kinase resulted in a 60% decrease in choline kinase activity. The mechanism of the protein kinase A-mediated stimulation in choline kinase activity involved an increase in the apparent Vmax values with respect to ATP (2.6-fold) and choline (2.7-fold). Overall, the results reported here were consistent with the conclusion that choline kinase was regulated by protein kinase A phosphorylation.  (+info)

In vivo antitumor activity of choline kinase inhibitors: a novel target for anticancer drug discovery. (2/136)

Transformation by some oncogenes is associated with increased activity of choline kinase (ChoK), resulting in elevated constitutive levels of phosphorylcholine, a proposed second messenger required for DNA synthesis induced by growth factors. Here we describe the characterization of ChoK inhibitors with antiproliferative properties against human tumor-derived cell lines. The new molecules were tolerated in mice at doses that showed in vivo antitumor activity against human tumor xenografts derived from HT-29 and A431 cell lines implanted s.c. in nude mice. This first generation of inhibitors provides in vivo evidence that blockade of phosphorylcholine production is a valid strategy for the development of new anticancer agents, opening a new avenue for the development of antitumor drugs with a novel mechanism of action.  (+info)

Extracellular calcium stimulates DNA synthesis in synergism with zinc, insulin and insulin-like growth factor I in fibroblasts. (3/136)

In serum-starved mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts cultured in 1.8 mM Ca2+-containing medium, addition of 0.75-2 mM extra Ca2+ stimulated DNA synthesis in synergism with zinc (15-60 microM), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I. Extra Ca2+ stimulated phosphorylation/activation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinases by an initially (10 min) zinc-independent mechanism; however, insulin, and particularly zinc, significantly prolonged Ca2+-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. In addition, extra Ca2+ activated p70 S6 kinase by a zinc-dependent mechanism and enhanced the stimulatory effect of zinc on choline kinase activity. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor I also commonly increased both p70 S6 kinase and choline kinase activities. In support of the role of the choline kinase product phosphocholine in the mediation of mitogenic Ca2+ effects, cotreatments with the choline kinase substrate choline (250 microM) and the choline kinase inhibitor hemicholinium-3 (2 mM) enhanced and inhibited, respectively, the combined stimulatory effect of extra Ca2+ (3.8 mM total) and zinc on DNA synthesis. In various human skin fibroblast lines, 1-2 mM extra Ca2+ also stimulated DNA synthesis in synergism with zinc and insulin. The results show that in various fibroblast cultures, high concentrations of extracellular Ca2+ can collaborate with zinc and certain growth factors to stimulate DNA synthesis. Considering the high concentration of extracellular Ca2+ in the dermal layer, Ca2+ may promote fibroblast growth during wound healing in concert with zinc, insulin growth factor-I insulin, and perhaps other growth factors.  (+info)

Structure and characterization of the genes for murine choline/ethanolamine kinase isozymes alpha and beta. (4/136)

Choline/ethanolamine kinase (CK/EK) is the first enzyme in phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis in all animal cells. The highly purified CKs from mammalian sources and their recombinant gene products so far were all shown to have EK activity also, indicating that both activities reside on the same protein. CK/EK in most animal cells exists as several isoforms, for two of which (alpha and beta) their cDNAs have been cloned from both the rat and mouse, and they are found to be separate gene products. The physiological significance for the existence of more than one CK/EK enzyme, however, remains to be clarified. In this study, we isolated mouse genes encoding both types of CK/EK isozyme and determined their entire structure. The 5'-flanking promoter regions were found to have quite different features from each other, indicating that their expression could be under distinct control. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence between the corresponding coding exons showed the best homology (75%) residing on exon VIII. A search of the database resulted in the possible existence of 17 different origins of eukaryotic CK and/or EK, each of which presumably contained the entire amino acid sequence. Multialignment of their putative amino acid sequences led to an identification of the novel consensus sequence possibly required for the expression of either CK or EK activity, which corresponded to the sequence within exons VII and VIII of CK/EK-alpha and -beta genes from the mouse. This sequence was localized in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the general (Brenner's) phosphotransferase concensus sequence which was also completely conserved in all of the putative eukaryotic CK/EK proteins. The results demonstrated that, while both CK/EK-alpha and -beta genes were composed of 11 major exons, the size of their genes was quite different: 40 kb for CK/EK-alpha, whereas it was only 3.5 kb for CK/EK-beta.  (+info)

Novel expression of equivocal messages containing both regions of choline/ethanolamine kinase and muscle type carnitine palmitoyltransferase I. (5/136)

For characterization of the detailed gene structure of human muscle type carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (M-CPTI), we analyzed the 5'-upstream region of the M-CPTI transcripts. As a result, we found a cDNA clone containing a nucleotide sequence unexpected from the reported M-CPTI gene structure in the upstream region of its 5' end. Comparison of this nucleotide sequence with that of genomic DNA showed that this sequence was derived from the 3'-untranslated region of the gene encoding choline/ethanolamine kinase-beta (CK/EK-beta) located upstream of the M-CPTI gene. Southern blot analysis showed that there was no other region homologous to the CK/EK-beta gene in the whole human genome. Thus, the overlapping transcript was concluded to be produced from the functional genes of CK/EK-beta and M-CPTI. Furthermore, cDNAs containing both exons of these genes were detected by the polymerase chain reaction using the cDNA of human heart M-CPTI obtained by specific reverse transcription from its 3'-untranslated region as a template. From these results, the production and organization of these overlapping transcripts are discussed.  (+info)

Pharmacological inhibition of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis is associated with induction of phosphatidylinositol accumulation and cytolysis of neoplastic cell lines. (6/136)

De novo production of phosphatidic acid (PA) in tumor cells is required for phospholipid biosynthesis and growth of tumor cells. In addition, PA production by phospholipase D has been cited among the effects of certain oncogenes and growth factors. In this report, it has been demonstrated that enhanced phospholipid metabolism through PA in tumor cells can be exploited pharmacologically for development of anticancer agents, such as CT-2584, a cancer chemotherapeutic drug candidate currently in Phase II clinical trials. By inhibiting CTP:choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (CT), CT-2584 caused de novo phospholipid biosynthesis via PA to be shunted away from phosphatidylcholine (PC) and into phosphatidylinositol (PI), the latter of which was doubled in a variety of CT-2584-treated tumor cell lines. In contrast, cytotoxic concentrations of cisplatin did not induce accumulation of PI, indicating that PI elevation by CT-2584 was not a general consequence of chemotherapy-induced cell death. Consistent with this mechanism of action, propranolol, an inhibitor of PA phosphohydrolase and phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, was also cytotoxic to tumor cell lines, induced PI accumulation, and potentiated the activity of CT-2584 in cytotoxicity assays. As expected from biophysical properties of anionic phospholipids on cellular membranes, CT-2584 cytotoxicity was associated with disruption and swelling of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. We conclude that CT-2584 effects a novel mechanism of cytotoxicity to cancer cells, involving a specific modulation of phospholipid metabolism.  (+info)

Modulation of phospholipase D by hexadecylphosphorylcholine: a putative novel mechanism for its antitumoral activity. (7/136)

Hexadecylphosphorylcholine (HePC, D-18506, INN: Mitelfosine) belongs to the family of alkylphosphocholines with anticancer activity. Previous reports have related its antitumoral activity to their ability to interfere with phospholipid metabolism. However a clear mechanism of action has not been established yet. We have investigated the effect of HePC on two enzymes recently reported to play a role in cell growth proliferation, phospholipase D (PLD) and choline kinase (ChoK). Our results demonstrate that treatment with HePC induces a rapid stimulation of PLD, that may be achieved by PKC dependent or independent mechanisms, depending on the cell line investigated. Both PLD1 and PLD2 isoenzymes are sensitive to HePC activation. By contrast, no effect was observed by HePC on ChoK, a new target for anticancer drug development. Furthermore, in all cell lines tested, a chronic exposure of the cells to HePC abrogates PLD activation by either phorbol esters or HePC itself with no effect on total cellular PLD levels. This is reflected in a strong inhibition of PLD activity. We suggest that the inhibitory effects on PLD by HePC may be related to its antitumoral action.  (+info)

Regulation of choline kinase activity by Ras proteins involves Ral-GDS and PI3K. (8/136)

Ras proteins are molecular switches that control signaling pathways critical in the onset of a variety of human cancers. The signaling pathways activated by Ras proteins are those controlled by its direct effectors such as the serine-threonine protein kinase Raf-1, the exchange factor for other GTPases Ral-GDS, and the lipid kinase PI3K. As a consequence of Ras activation, a number of additional enzymes are affected, including several members of the serine-threonine intracellular proteins kinases as well as enzymes related to phospholipid metabolism regulation such as phospholipases A2 and D, and choline kinase. The precise mechanisms by which ras oncogenes impinge into these later molecules and their relevance to the onset of the carcinogenic process is still not fully understood. Here we have investigated the mechanism of regulation of choline kinase by Ras proteins and found no direct link between PLD and choline kinase activation. We provide evidence that Ras proteins regulate the activity of choline kinase through its direct effectors Ral-GDS and PI3K, while the Raf pathways seems to be not relevant in this process. The importance of Ras-dependent activation of choline kinase is discussed.  (+info)

Choline kinase (CK) and ethanolamine kinase (EK) catalyze the phosphorylation of choline/ethanolamine to phosphocholine/phosphoethanolamine. This is the first enzyme in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine in all animal cells. The highly purified CKs from mammalian sources and their recombinant gene products have been shown to have EK activity also, indicating that both activities reside on the same protein. The choline kinase-like protein encoded by CHKL belongs to the choline/ethanolamine kinase family; however, its exact function is not known. Read-through transcripts are expressed from this locus that include exons from the downstream CPT1B locus. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2009 ...
Choline kinase alpha (ChoK) overexpression is connected with an aggressive tumor phenotype. in 4175-Luc+ tumors that LY500307 was followed by concomitant decrease in JAS239 uptake and reduced total choline metabolite amounts as assessed using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. At higher healing dosages, JAS239 was as effectual as MN58b at arresting tumor development and inducing apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 tumors, considerably reducing tumor choline below baseline amounts without observable systemic toxicity. These data bring in a new solution to monitor therapeutically effective inhibitors of choline fat burning capacity in breasts cancer utilizing a little molecule partner diagnostic. phospholipid biosynthesis qualified prospects to lower degrees of pro-mitotic second messenger Kennedy pathway intermediates, elevated ceramide amounts, and de-stabilized endoplasmic reticulum [2, 17C19]. The strongest of these agencies, TCD-717, is certainly a appealing anti-cancer medication [19] thats being ...
Ethanolamine and choline are major components of the trypanosome membrane phospholipids, in the form of GPEtn (glycerophosphoethanolamine) and GPCho (glycerophosphocholine). Ethanolamine is also found as an integral component of the GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol) anchor that is required for membrane attachment of cell-surface proteins, most notably the variant-surface glycoproteins. The de novo synthesis of GPEtn and GPCho starts with the generation of phosphoethanolamine and phosphocholine by ethanolamine and choline kinases via the Kennedy pathway. Database mining revealed two putative C/EKs (choline/ethanolamine kinases) in the Trypanosoma brucei genome, which were cloned, overexpressed, purified and characterized. TbEK1 (T. brucei ethanolamine kinase 1) was shown to be catalytically active as an ethanolamine-specific kinase, i.e. it had no choline kinase activity. The Km values for ethanolamine and ATP were found to be 18.4±0.9 and 219±29 μM respectively. TbC/EK2 (T. brucei choline
CHKA - CHKA (untagged)-Human choline kinase alpha (CHKA), transcript variant 1 available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
Novel compounds allowing for optical detection and targeting of Choline Kinases for cancer treatment.. Problem: Choline Kinase (ChoK) deregulation is associated with oncogenesis and tumor progression in a number of human cancers, including glioblastoma, breast, and lung cancers. In breast cancer, elevated ChoK activity is correlated with histological tumor grade, resistance to antiestrogen therapies, and poor prognosis. Overexpression of ChoK alone is sufficient to induce malignant transformation.. Solution: The Delikatny Lab at the University of Pennsylvania has developed and synthetized novel cancer theranostics - therapeutics that can also serve as diagnostics - molecules based on ChoK Inhibitors. These small fluorescent molecules used at low doses can be effective as agents to image the status of tumor choline metabolism, at higher doses they can serve as inhibitors of tumor growth. Applications: ...
sp:CHKB_MOUSE] Chkb, Chetk, Chkl, Ck, Ck/Ek, Ck/Ek-beta, Ckb, Ckekb, Ek; choline kinase beta; K14156 choline/ethanolamine kinase [EC:2.7.1.32 2.7.1.82] ...
Choline kinase (also known as CK,ChoK and choline phosphokinase) is an enzyme which catalyzes the first reaction in the choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis. This reaction involves the transfer of a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to choline in order to form phosphocholine. ATP + choline ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + O-phosphocholine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and choline, whereas its two products are adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and O-phosphocholine. Choline kinase requires magnesium ions (+2) as a cofactor for this reaction. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with an alcohol group as acceptor. The first detailed investigation of the enzyme was conducted by McCamen in 1962, where it was shown that the brain is the richest source of the enzyme in mammalian tissue. A related enzyme, ethanolamine kinase, tends to co-purify ...
Contractor KB, Challapalli A, Barwick T, Winkler M, Hellawell G, Hazell S, Tomasi G, Al-Nahhas A, Mapelli P, Kenny L, Tadrous P, Coombes RC, Aboagye EO, Mangar Set al., 2011, Use of [11C]choline PET-CT as a non invasive method for detecting pelvic lymph node status from prostate cancer and relationship with choline kinase expression, ISSN: 1078-0432 PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy and biological basis for [11C] choline-PET-CT in the nodal staging of high risk localised prostate cancer patients.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty eight patients underwent dynamic [11C] choline-PET-CT of the pelvis and lower abdomen prior to extended laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection (eLPL). The sensitivity and specificity of [11C]choline PET, [11C]choline PET-CT and MRI for nodal detection were calculated. Average and maximal standardized Uptake Values (SUVave, SUVmax) were compared with choline kinase alpha (CHKalpha) and Ki67 immunohistochemistry scores.RESULTS: 406 lymph nodes, in 26 patients, were ...
Order monoclonal and polyclonal Choline Kinase alpha antibodies for many applications. Selected quality suppliers for anti-Choline Kinase alpha antibodies.
Between generations, descendants of lineages exposed to successive generations of recurring drought exhibited only four transgenerational drought stress-associated DMRs compared with unstressed lineages. Significantly, none of these were in common with the 40 drought-associated epi-alleles detected within a generation, reinforcing the notion that transgenerational adaptive DNA methylation is a rare occurrence, even under conditions of abiotic stress (Pecinka et al., 2009; Seymour et al., 2014; Eichten and Springer, 2015; Hagmann et al., 2015; Secco et al., 2015; Crisp et al., 2016). Three of the four mapped to repetitive and already heavily methylated regions of the genome. The fourth DMR also was in intergenic space, albeit 800 bp upstream from CEK3. CEK3 encodes a protein, most highly transcribed in the hypocotyl, that is a part of the Choline/Ethanolamine Kinase family, for which CEK4 has been implicated in phospholipid biosynthesis and embryo development; however, mutation of CEK3 did not ...
The Gene Ontology (GO) project is a collaborative effort to address the need for consistent descriptions of gene products across databases. You can use this browser to view terms, definitions, and term relationships in a hierarchical display. Links to summary annotated gene data at MGI are provided in Term Detail reports.
Kit Component:- KN210253G1, CHKB gRNA vector 1 in pCas-Guide vector- KN210253G2, CHKB gRNA vector 2 in pCas-Guide vector- KN210253D, donor vector…
We have shown previously that N-[2-bromocinnamyl(amino)-ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulphonamide (H-89), a selective inhibitor of cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), inhibits phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in HeLa cells. In the present study, we elucidated the mechanism underlying the described inhibition. Treatment of cells with 10 microM H-89 had no effect on the phosphorylation of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. However, H-89 slightly affected the distribution of cytidylyltransferase between cytosol and membranes, but the cellular 1,2-diacylglycerol content was not influenced. Furthermore, pulse-chase experiments revealed that H-89 did not affect cytidylyltransferase activity. Instead, H-89 inhibited choline kinase, the enzyme catalysing the first step in the CDP-choline pathway. In the presence of 10 microM H-89, choline kinase activity was inhibited by 36 +/- 7.6% in vitro. Additionally, the phosphorylation of choline to phosphocholine was inhibited by 30 +/- 3% in cell-culture ...
Choline Kinase: An enzyme that is active in the first step of choline phosphoglyceride (lecithin) biosynthesis by catalyzing the phosphorylation of choline to phosphorylcholine in the presence of ATP. Ethanolamine and its methyl and ethyl derivatives can also act as acceptors. EC 2.7.1.32.
Complete information for CHKB gene (Protein Coding), Choline Kinase Beta, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
Complete information for CHKB gene (Protein Coding), Choline Kinase Beta, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
The SCOP classification for the Choline kinase family. Additional information, provided for both this family and the superfamily it belongs to, includes SUPERFAMILY links to genome assignments, alignments, domain combinations, taxonomic visualisation and hidden Markov model information.
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Dr. Bhujwallas lab promotes preclinical and clinical multimodal imaging applications to understand and effectively treat cancer. The labs work is dedicated to the applications of molecular imaging to understand cancer and the tumor environment. Significant research contributions include 1) developing theranostic agents for image-guided targeting of cancer, including effective delivery of siRNA in combination with a prodrug enzyme 2) understanding the role of inflammation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in cancer using molecular and functional imaging 3) developing noninvasive imaging techniques to detect COX-2 expressing in tumors 4) understanding the role of hypoxia and choline pathways to reduce the stem-like breast cancer cell burden in tumors 5) using molecular and functional imaging to understand the role of the tumor microenvironment including the extracellular matrix, hypoxia, vascularization, and choline phospholipid metabolism in prostate and breast cancer invasion and metast...asis, ...
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Choline benefits! Choline acts as a sexual messenger. When you take a choline supplement, it is quickly converted by your body into Acetyl-Choline, a neurotransmitter...
Choline is an essential nutrient that has similarities to the B vitamins. Although the human body makes some choline, choline needs to be obtained through the diet…
Learn more about Choline uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain Choline
Choline and cholinergics for the cholinergic biohacker. Learn about the importance of choline and cholinergics to memory building in the brain.
Choline Hydrogentartrate is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. A list of US medications equivalent to Choline Hydrogentartrate is available on the Drugs.com website.
Choline is a critical nutrient for our health, but many people are deficient in it. It might just be time to reconsider eggs - a natural source of choline.
Results The validity of CHKA-antibody was verified using CHKA-transfected cells and siRNA knockdown. Immunoblotting of tissues showed good resolution of CHKA protein in malignant prostate, verifying use of the antibody for IHC. There was minimal qRT-PCR detectable CHKA mRNA in normal tissue, and conversely high expression in malignant prostate tissues. IHC of normal prostate cores showed mild (intensity) CHKA expression in only 28% (7/25) of samples with no Ki67 expression. In contrast, CHKA was expressed in all malignant prostate cores along with characteristically low proliferation (median 2% Ki67-LI; range 1-17%). Stratification of survival according to CHK intensity showed a trend towards lower progression-free survival with CHK score of 3. ...
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , AbD \ GOAT ANTI HUMAN CHOLINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE, Product Type Polyclonal Antibody, Specificity CHOLINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE, Target Species Human, Host Goat, Format Serum, Isotypes Polyclonal IgG, Applic \ 2080-0000 for more molecular products just contact us
Pixelwise correlation of each 18F tracer and 131I-SIP(L19) uptake revealed higher correlation coefficients for 18F-fluorocholine and 18F-FET than for 18F-FDG. These findings may be explained by the different metabolic pathways.. 18F-Fluorocholine is a choline analog and has uptake characteristics similar to those of radiolabeled natural choline (11,26). Choline, an essential compound of the cell membrane, is transported into mammalian cells and then phosphorylated by choline kinase (27). In a further step, it is metabolized to phosphatidylcholine, which is incorporated into the cell membrane. In previous studies, the increased choline uptake in tumor cells was explained mainly by the upregulation of choline kinase due to an increased demand of membrane constituents (28,29). Consequently, further in vitro and in vivo studies postulated the use of choline analogs as a marker for tumor proliferation (9,29,30). Because 18F-fluorocholine mimics natural choline, it might be a potential tracer of ...
Glycerophospholipid metabolism. Left, glycerophospholipid synthesis; Right, glycerophospholipid degradation. The enzymes are choline kinase (ChoK), ethanolamine
Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, PCTAIRE-1 kinase. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), PCTAIRE-1 subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The PCTAIRE-1 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. PCTAIRE-1 shares sequence similarity with Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs), which belong to a large family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, CDKs and cyclins are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. PCTAIRE-1 is expressed ubiquitously and is localized in the cytoplasm. Its kinase activity is cell cycle dependent and peaks at the S and G2 phases. PCTAIRE-1 is highly expressed in the brain and may play a role in regulating neurite ...
Catalytic domain of the Protein Serine/Threonine Kinase, Protein Kinase B. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Protein Kinase B (PKB) or Akt subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The PKB subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). There are three PKB isoforms from different genes, PKB-alpha (or Akt1), PKB-beta (or Akt2), and PKB-gamma (or Akt3). PKB contains an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and a C-terminal catalytic domain. It is activated downstream of PI3K and plays important roles in diverse cellular functions including cell survival, growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, motility, and migration. PKB also has a central role in a variety of human cancers, having been implicated in tumor ...
When it comes to adding choline to your diet, there is not a set way that is right. You must figure out what is best for your needs and desires, but it is a good idea to ensure you have enough at all times. You are right to consider choline an important part of your diet. It is important that you make sure you are getting enough because it is the precursor for a specific brain chemical called acetylcholine, which helps for many aspects of brain health.. If you are just getting started with brain enhancement, you need to know that nutrition is the first key for getting a more improved cognitive ability. Having the right nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, can be a bigger boost for your brain than some of the latest and greatest drugs. That is why you need to get more choline into your diet. One way to do that is through eggs, which is the simplest and probably most delicious way that youll be able to get all of the choline that you need. If you dont feel comfortable eating that many ...
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CHOLINE is required for the proper transmission of nerve impulses from the brain through the central nervous system. It is also needed for gall bladder regulation, liver function, lecithin formation, and cardiovascular health. It aids in hormone production and minimizes excess fat in the liver through fat and cholesterol metabolism. Without choline, brain function and…
Choline is a vital component of all cell membranes. Choline is part of the B-Complex vitamins and is critical for the optimal functioning of cells.FREE OF:
Choline methyl sulfate/ACM65151624 can be provided in Alfa Chemistry. We are dedicated to provide our customers the best products and services.
DEPRESSION IS A POSSIBLE SIDE-EFFECT OF ORAL CHOLINE. Inpharma Wkly. 60, 5 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03288976. Download ...
Milhouse @ 163. Keep the Sabbath day to sanctify it (Deuteronomy 5:11). This actually doesnt mean keep in the sense of observing, like we say This person keeps Shabbos. If you think about it, you have to agree.. It means be careful of the day, or arrange your activities so that it is possible. It is the type of thing that you have to prepare, before you do it. I could say also remember, but thats Zachor. This is a little more than just not losing track of the day.. http://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0326.htm. Here we see Lev 29:3 If ye walk in My statutes, and keep My commandments, and do them;. Exceot wait - it doesnt mean keep. This is translated all wrong. First, it is not statutes, but more like protocols or regulations - something assigned. A chok is supposed to mean, acording to one explanation, things that have no logical explanation, but it really means something (semi) arbitrary, not essential morality. Maybe it is something where you have to have something but it could be this ...
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Choline is an essential nutrient found in some foods and is taken as a supplement for memory, mood, muscle control and other brain and nervous system functions (1). Choline bitartrate is related to the B-vitamins and serves several vital biological functions throughout the body. One of its roles is to increase choline in the body. The body needs choline to synthesize phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, two major phospholipids vital for cell membranes.. Phosphatidylcholine accounts for about 95 percent of total choline in tissues. Sphingomyelin is found in cell membranes and in the fatty sheath that wraps myelinated nerve fibers (2).. Choline is also needed to produce acetylcholine, a significant neurotransmitter involved in memory, mood, muscle control, circadian rhythm and other neuronal functions.. Choline also plays important roles in modulating gene expression, cell membrane signaling, lipid transport and metabolism, and early brain development (3).. According to the authors of the ...
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Choline is a vitamin supplement that is present in several forms, including phosphatidylcholine (PC). The medicinal effects of choline are presumed to be caused by phosphatidylcholine. PC is a major part of the membranes surrounding our cells. When PC is eaten, it is broken down into choline rather than being carried directly to the cell membranes. Choline acts like another commonly used supplement, SAMe (S-adenosylmethionine), to provide the methyl groups used by the body in a number of chemical reactions, including the detoxification pathways of the liver. It is also used to make acetylcholine and dopamine, nerve chemicals essential for normal brain function. Choline may also aid in brain and liver function by assisting with the absorption of carnitine from the digestive tract. Carnitine is essential for mitochondrial function, ensuring the liver and brain have an adequate supply of energy.. ...
Partial charge distribution on first and second neighbor atoms to nitrogen in choline and ethanolamine have been calculated. Coulombic and steric parameters were then utilized to evaluate the interaction of a negative test charge with the two molecules. Both the position and the magnitude of the maximum of interaction energy in the two systems were significantly different. The results suggest that ethanolamine interacts more strongly with anions than choline does. This is due principally to steric repulsion of the negative charge by the methyl groups in choline. ...
MZ-STORE Choline & Inositol 120 caps. • Dietary Supplements MZ-Store.co.uk • Choline Choline & Inositol - 39 ••• CHECK IT!
Choline containing medications, Choline indications and usages ATC and ICD codes, combinations with other active ingredients and trade names information from Drugs-about.com
Choline containing medications, Choline indications and usages ATC and ICD codes, combinations with other active ingredients and trade names information from Drugs-about.com
Evidence to confirm the suggested effects of choline on health in different stages of life is scarce. Potential effects of choline need to be confirmed by intervention studies. Possible harmful effects on cardiometabolic health need careful evaluation.
Plasmid pFCK(0.4)GW from Dr. Pavel Ostens lab contains the insert EGFP and is published in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Dec 28. 101(52):18206-11. This plasmid is available through Addgene.
choline definition: an all-natural amine, C5H15NO2, frequently classed into the vitamin B complex and a constituent of many various other biologically important molecules, such acetylcholine and lecithin.;…
Learn more about Choline at Grand Strand Medical Center Uses Principal Proposed Uses Alzheimers Disease ...
Reducing cholesterol is one of the primary uses for choline fenofibrate. This eMedTV segment features more details on what this fibrate drug is used for and also includes information on how it works and who can take it.
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Thermophysical properties and gas solubilities in choline chloride-urea for CO2 separation. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
Methods: Using genome-wide approaches, we interrogated all AR regulated kinases. Among these, choline kinase alpha (CHKA) ... Methods: Using genome-wide approaches, we interrogated all AR regulated kinases. Among these, choline kinase alpha (CHKA) ... Methods: Using genome-wide approaches, we interrogated all AR regulated kinases. Among these, choline kinase alpha (CHKA) ... Methods: Using genome-wide approaches, we interrogated all AR regulated kinases. Among these, choline kinase alpha (CHKA) ...
"Choline Kinase" by people in this website by year, and whether "Choline Kinase" was a major or minor topic of these ... "Choline Kinase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Choline Kinase" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Choline Kinase". ...
"Choline Kinase" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Choline Kinase" was a major or minor topic of these ... "Choline Kinase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Choline Kinase" by people in Profiles over the past ten years. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Choline Kinase". ...
The major pathway for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine occurs via the CDP-choline pathway. CHKA is the initial enzyme in ...
Medical Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) Research. anti- Phospoho CDK, MAPK, GSK3, CLK, ERK1/2, JNK ... Category: Choline Acetyltransferase Antibody. OLIG2 is a novel immunohistochemical marker associated with the presence of PAX3/ ...
Purification of choline-ethanolamine kinase from chicken liver and its regulation by cAMP. Indian Journal of Biochemistry & ... Purification of choline-ethanolamine kinase from chicken liver and its regulation by cAMP. ...
Adequate Intake (AI) recommendations for dietary choline (put forth by the National Academies of Medicine to aid individuals ... This review summarizes the genetic factors that influence choline requirements and metabolism in conditions of nutrient ... Overall, consistent and strong associative evidence demonstrates that common genetic variants in choline and folate pathway ... enzymes impact the metabolic handling of choline and the risk of nutrient inadequacy across varied dietary contexts. The ...
thiamine-phosphate diphosphorylase / hydroxyethylthiazole kinase [EC:2.5.1.3 2.7.1.50]. K14156 choline/ethanolamine kinase [EC: ... L-serine kinase (ADP) [EC:2.7.1.226]. K23371 L-serine kinase (ATP) / ParB family transcriptional regulator, heme-responsive ... uridine kinase [EC:2.7.1.48]. K00877 hydroxymethylpyrimidine/phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase / thiaminase [EC:2.7.1.49 2.7.4.7 ... erythritol kinase (D-erythritol 1-phosphate-forming) [EC:2.7.1.215]. K00863 triose/dihydroxyacetone kinase / FAD-AMP lyase ( ...
Cited in 8 publications. View recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal anti-Cytokeratin 5 Antibody (EP1601Y) (NB110-56916). Validated Applications: WB, Simple Western, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-P. Validated Species: Human. Validated by: Biological Strategies.
Choline kinase alpha expression during RA-induced neuronal differentiation: role of C/EBPβ. Biochimica et biophysica acta ... KDM2B regulates choline kinase expression and neuronal differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. PloS one Domizi, P., Malizia, F ... Chka gene for choline kinase (CK) alpha isoform and Pcyt1a gene for CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT) alpha isoform ... the Chka gene for choline kinase (CK) alpha isoform and the Pcyt1a gene for the CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT) ...
6è Premi: Choline kinase inhibitors as novel approach for antiproliferative drug design El sisè premi dinvestigació que la ... de lestudi Choline Kinase inhibitors as a novel approach for antiproliferative drug design, a la revistaOncogene. Laportació ...
23. Recent advances in the design of Choline kinase α inhibitors and the molecular basis of their inhibition. Belén Rubio-Ruiz ... Guadix and Dr Conejo-García from University of Granada in the development of new inhibitors against human choline kinase α1. ... 5.- The mechanism of allosteric coupling in choline kinase α1 revealed by a rationally designed inhibitor. María Sahún-Roncero ... 4.- Human riboflavin kinase: Species‐specific traits in the biosynthesis of the FMN cofactor. Ernesto Anoz‐Carbonell, Maribel ...
... with choline tracers has found widespread use for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC). However, choline metabolism is ... whereas choline transport and choline kinase activity are high.. Although further analyses are needed to confirm these findings ... there was no relation between PSA and SUV values in both choline- and PSMA-based PET/CT in our study. With regard to choline, ... vertebral metastases are usually difficult to detect in choline PET (c). Typical for choline PET is also a frequently high ...
11C-Choline PET. Given that the upregulation of choline kinase is often associated with cancer, a strong rationale exists for ... 11C-choline has been reported to be a new agent for PET of brain tumors and other cancers (166-168). In particular, 11C-choline ... Time course of enhanced activity of deoxycytidine kinase and thymidine kinase 1 and 2 in cultured human squamous lung carcinoma ... 11C-choline PET for the detection of bone and soft tissue tumours in comparison with FDG PET. Nucl Med Commun. 2003;24:273-279. ...
Methyl-3H]-choline incorporation into MCF-7 Cells: Correlation with Proliferation-Choline Kinase and Phospholipase D Assay. Al- ... methyl-3H]Choline incorporation into MCF7 tumour cells: correlation with proliferation. Al-Saeedi, F., Welch, A. & Smith, T. A ... F-18-FDG and C-11-choline positron emission tomography in human esophago-gastric cancer: prediction of response to therapy. ...
However, hydroxyurea treatment did not affect basal levels or increases in choline-kinase activity, protease inhibitors, ...
... probable ethanolamine kinase; CK, probable choline kinase 2; PP, putative lipid phosphate phosphatase; LPP2, lipid phosphate ... Serine/threonine-protein kinase AFC2; LRR-RLK1, Probable LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase; H2A.1, Probable ... The expression of plastid pyruvate kinase (PK), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the genes encoding ... Plastidial pyruvate kinase 2 (PK2) and Putative glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase (PEG1-1) (Additional file 7: Figure S5). Thus, ...
Choline Kinase B Receptor - CHKB CHKB. * Collagen VI Related Disorders COL6A1, COL6A2, COL6A3 ...
choline/ethanolamine kinase%2C putative. 130. SEQF2779,CP000925.1. ABY79358.1 jb [NA] [AA] 894/297. 394931-394038. DNA ... uridylate kinase. 194. SEQF2779,CP000925.1. ABY79422.1 jb [NA] [AA] 987/328. 466790-465804. fatty acid/phospholipid synthesis ... phosphoglycerate kinase. 33. SEQF2779,CP000925.1. ABY79261.1 jb [NA] [AA] 369/122. 240001-240369. conserved hypothetical ... inorganic polyphosphate/ATP-NAD kinase%2C probable. 182. SEQF2779,CP000925.1. ABY79410.1 jb [NA] [AA] 4173/1390. 439020-434848 ...
Choline Kinase B Receptor - CHKB Collagen VI Related Disorders Collagen XII Related Disorders Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Not ... Choline Kinase B Receptor Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD, LGMD1B, LMNA, Emerin, FHL1, SYNE1, SYNE2, TMEM43) LAMA2 ...
choline + ATP <=> H+ + phosphocholine + ADP 2.7.1.32 choline kinase 2.7.1.82 ethanolamine kinase - - ... 2.7.1.107 diacylglycerol kinase (ATP) 2.7.1.138 ceramide kinase 2.7.1.94 acylglycerol kinase - - - ... choline + acetyl-CoA <=> Acetylcholine + CoA 2.3.1.6 choline O-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.7 carnitine O-acetyltransferase - - ... CTP + phosphocholine + H+ <=> CDP-choline + diphosphate 2.7.7.15 choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase 2.7.7.57 N- ...
Choline Kinase (ChoK) Activity Assay Kit (Fluorometric). K476-100 Biovision EUR 947 ... Caliper Assay Kinase. Lab Reagents Human IgG antibody Laboratories manufactures the caliper assay kinase reagents distributed ... please contact kinase assay. Other Caliper products are available in stock. Specificity: Caliper Category: Assay Group: Kinase ... The Caliper Assay Kinase reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. To purchase these ...
Conditional mutagenesis of a novel choline kinase demonstrates the plasticity of phosphatidylcholine biogenesis and gene ... 19) Liu XJ, Yang C, Gupta N, Zuo J, Chang YS, Fang FD (2007) Protein kinase C-ζ regulation of GLUT4 translocation by actin ...
choline kinase beta [Source:HGNC .... CHST3. 9469. CHST3. carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3 [.... CLTB. 1212. CLTB. clathrin ...
Choline kinase (substance). Code System Preferred Concept Name. Choline kinase (substance). Concept Status. Published. ...
Choline kinase Descripteur en anglais: Choline Kinase Descripteur en espagnol: Colina Quinasa Espagnol dEspagne ... An enzyme that is active in the first step of choline phosphoglyceride (lecithin) biosynthesis by catalyzing the ... phosphorylation of choline to phosphorylcholine in the presence of ATP. Ethanolamine and its methyl and ethyl derivatives can ...
Choline kinase and Choline transport protein - catalyze phosphorylcholine attachment to carbohydrate, releasing CMP in ... death-associated protein kinase 1, protein kinase CK-2 and COX-2. This results in accumulation of oncogenic or inactivating ... However, host DNA repair mechanism unable to restore this damage as F. nucleatum induces the production of kinases involved in ... Lck and Fyn tyrosine kinases in initiation of TCR activation, viral myocarditis indicate the relevance of F. nucleatum ...
Choline kinase activity in calvarial cytosol was lower than choline kinase activity in liver cytosol of the same animals. No ... Choline kinase activity in calvarial cytosol was lower than choline kinase activity in liver cytosol of the same animals. No ... Choline kinase activity in calvarial cytosol was lower than choline kinase activity in liver cytosol of the same animals. No ... Choline kinase activity in calvarial cytosol was lower than choline kinase activity in liver cytosol of the same animals. No ...
CMD with mitochondrial structural abnormalities; Choline kinase beta. The OMIM classification of defects of glycosylation is as ... Serum creatine kinase (CK) is elevated in several cases but not all. Appropriate muscle biopsy studies are crucial for accurate ... dilated cardiomyopathy to successful cardiac transplantation in congenital disorders of glycosylation due to dolichol kinase ...

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