Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.
Hydroxy analogs of vitamin D 3; (CHOLECALCIFEROL); including CALCIFEDIOL; CALCITRIOL; and 24,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D 3.
The major circulating metabolite of VITAMIN D3. It is produced in the LIVER and is the best indicator of the body's vitamin D stores. It is effective in the treatment of RICKETS and OSTEOMALACIA, both in azotemic and non-azotemic patients. Calcifediol also has mineralizing properties.
Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.
Cholecalciferols substituted with two hydroxy groups in any position.
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406)
A vitamin that includes both CHOLECALCIFEROLS and ERGOCALCIFEROLS, which have the common effect of preventing or curing RICKETS in animals. It can also be viewed as a hormone since it can be formed in SKIN by action of ULTRAVIOLET RAYS upon the precursors, 7-dehydrocholesterol and ERGOSTEROL, and acts on VITAMIN D RECEPTORS to regulate CALCIUM in opposition to PARATHYROID HORMONE.
A VITAMIN D that can be regarded as a reduction product of vitamin D2.
Disorders caused by interruption of BONE MINERALIZATION manifesting as OSTEOMALACIA in adults and characteristic deformities in infancy and childhood due to disturbances in normal BONE FORMATION. The mineralization process may be interrupted by disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM homeostasis, resulting from dietary deficiencies, or acquired, or inherited metabolic, or hormonal disturbances.
A physiologically active metabolite of VITAMIN D. The compound is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, and enhances the calcemic effect of CALCITRIOL.
Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body.
9,10-Secoergosta-5,7,10(19),22-tetraene-3,25-diol. Biologically active metabolite of vitamin D2 which is more active in curing rickets than its parent. The compound is believed to attach to the same receptor as vitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.
A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.
The physiologically active form of vitamin D. It is formed primarily in the kidney by enzymatic hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (CALCIFEDIOL). Its production is stimulated by low blood calcium levels and parathyroid hormone. Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and in concert with parathyroid hormone increases bone resorption.
Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.
Cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES) that are important in steroid biosynthesis and metabolism.
Placing of a hydroxyl group on a compound in a position where one did not exist before. (Stedman, 26th ed)
An NAPH-dependent cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of the side chain of sterol intermediates such as the 27-hydroxylation of 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-triol.
A genus of brush-tailed possums found chiefly in Australia and New Zealand. Secretions from their ANAL GLAND function both in defense and demarcating territory.
Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.
Calcium compounds used as food supplements or in food to supply the body with calcium. Dietary calcium is needed during growth for bone development and for maintenance of skeletal integrity later in life to prevent osteoporosis.
A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.
A mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 1-alpha-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (also known as 25-hydroxycholecalciferol) in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP27B1 gene, converts 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 which is the active form of VITAMIN D in regulating bone growth and calcium metabolism. This enzyme is also active on plant 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (ergocalciferol).
Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.
The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous plants, insects, or other animals. This includes control of plants that serve as habitats or food sources for animal pests.
Proteins, usually found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind calcitriol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate transcription of specific segments of DNA with the participation of D receptor interacting proteins (called DRIP). Vitamin D is converted in the liver and kidney to calcitriol and ultimately acts through these receptors.
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Agents that inhibit BONE RESORPTION and/or favor BONE MINERALIZATION and BONE REGENERATION. They are used to heal BONE FRACTURES and to treat METABOLIC BONE DISEASES such as OSTEOPOROSIS.
Any food that has been supplemented with essential nutrients either in quantities that are greater than those present normally, or which are not present in the food normally. Fortified food includes also food to which various nutrients have been added to compensate for those removed by refinement or processing. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.
The shortest and widest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE adjacent to the PYLORUS of the STOMACH. It is named for having the length equal to about the width of 12 fingers.
An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)
The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.
Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.
Irradiation directly from the sun.
Unstable isotopes of calcium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ca atoms with atomic weights 39, 41, 45, 47, 49, and 50 are radioactive calcium isotopes.
A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.
Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
A calbindin protein found in many mammalian tissues, including the UTERUS, PLACENTA, BONE, PITUITARY GLAND, and KIDNEYS. In intestinal ENTEROCYTES it mediates intracellular calcium transport from apical to basolateral membranes via calcium binding at two EF-HAND MOTIFS. Expression is regulated in some tissues by VITAMIN D.
A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.
Baked food product made of flour or meal that is moistened, kneaded, and sometimes fermented. A major food since prehistoric times, it has been made in various forms using a variety of ingredients and methods.
The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.
The amounts of various substances in food needed by an organism to sustain healthy life.

Apoptosis inhibitory activity of cytoplasmic p21(Cip1/WAF1) in monocytic differentiation. (1/960)

p21(Cip1/WAF1) inhibits cell-cycle progression by binding to G1 cyclin/CDK complexes and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) through its N- and C-terminal domains, respectively. The cell-cycle inhibitory activity of p21(Cip1/WAF1) is correlated with its nuclear localization. Here, we report a novel cytoplasmic localization of p21(Cip1/WAF1) in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) and in U937 cells undergoing monocytic differentiation by in vitro treatment with vitamin D3 or ectopic expression of p21(Cip1/WAF1), and analyze the biological consequences of this cytoplasmic expression. U937 cells which exhibit nuclear p21(Cip1/WAF1) demonstrated G1 cell-cycle arrest and subsequently differentiated into monocytes. The latter event was associated with a cytoplasmic expression of nuclear p21(Cip1/WAF1), concomitantly with a resistance to various apoptogenic stimuli. Biochemical analysis showed that cytoplasmic p21(Cip1/WAF1) forms a complex with the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and inhibits stress-activated MAP kinase cascade. Expression of a deletion mutant of p21(Cip1/WAF1) lacking the nuclear localization signal (DeltaNLS-p21) did not induce cell cycle arrest nor monocytic differentiation, but led to an apoptosis-resistant phenotype, mediated by binding to and inhibition of the stress-activated ASK1 activity. Thus, cytoplasmic p21(Cip1/WAF1) itself acted as an inhibitor of apoptosis. Our findings highlight the different functional roles of p21(Cip1/WAF1), which are determined by its intracellular distribution and are dependent on the stage of differentiation.  (+info)

1Alpha,25dihydroxyvitamin D3 and platinum drugs act synergistically to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cell lines. (2/960)

The majority of men who die from prostate cancer (PC) have hormone-refractory disease. To date, chemotherapeutic agents have had little or no impact on the survival of such patients. To explore a new approach for the treatment of hormone-refractory PC, we examined the combination effects of cis- or carboplatin with vitamin D. 1alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha,25(OH)2D3) and its synthetic analogue, Ro 25-6760, have an antiproliferative effect on some prostate cancer cell lines. Consequently, the growth-inhibitory effects of the drugs were measured, both singularly and in combination with cis- or carboplatin, on PC cells. Our results show that although each of the drugs alone displayed antiproliferative activity, the growth inhibition of PC cells was further enhanced by the combination of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 or Ro 25-6760 and either platinum agent. The greatest enhancement of inhibition occurred using smaller concentrations of the platinum compound in combination with higher concentrations of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. Isobologram analysis revealed that 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and platinum acted in a synergistic manner to inhibit the growth of PC cells. Our findings suggest that there is potential clinical value in combining 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 with platinum compounds for the treatment of advanced-stage human PC.  (+info)

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D in growing kittens is related to dietary intake of cholecalciferol. (3/960)

Vitamin D synthesis by growing kittens exposed to ultraviolet light is ineffective. Concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) in plasma (the most useful index of vitamin D status) was measured in six groups each of seven kittens given a purified diet (12 g calcium and 8 g phosphorus/kg, calculated metabolizable energy = 20 kJ/g) that contained either 0.0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 18.75 or 25 microg of cholecalciferol/kg diet. All kittens received these diets from 9 to 22 wk of age, and the two groups given the 0.0 and 3.125 microg cholecalciferol/kg treatments continued to receive the diets until they were 34 wk old. Total and ionizable calcium and phosphorus in plasma were not affected by treatments. No adverse clinical changes were observed or found on radiographic examination of the kittens at 22 or 34 wk of age. Plasma concentration of 25-OHD was linearly related (r2 = 0.99, P < 0.001) to dietary intake of cholecalciferol. Plasma concentration of 25-OHD in kittens given the diet without added vitamin D was significantly less at 22 wk than at 9 wk, whereas kittens receiving the diet containing 3.125 microg cholecalciferol/kg had significantly higher 25-OHD concentrations at 22 and 34 wk than at 9 wk of age. Kittens given the 6.25 microg cholecalciferol/kg diet had plasma 25-OHD concentrations at 22 wk > 50 nmol/L which is considered replete for humans. An allowance of 6. 25 microg (250 IU) of cholecalciferol/kg diet is suggested to provide a margin of safety.  (+info)

Structure-function studies of new C-20 epimer pairs of vitamin D3 analogs. (4/960)

A growing number of calcitriol (1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) analogs have become available in recent years. Many of these analogs exhibit lower calcemic effects than calcitriol and inhibit cell proliferation and enhance cell differentation more efficiently than calcitriol. We have compared structure-function relationships of a series of new C-20 epimer (20-epi) vitamin D3 analogs with their natural C-20 counterparts. In human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, quantification of cellular osteocalcin mRNA levels by Northern blot analysis and osteocalcin biosynthesis by radioimmunoassay indicated that most studied analogs at a concentration of 10 nm induced osteocalcin gene expression more efficiently than the parent compound, calcitriol. Interestingly, when the biological responses were compared with the binding affinities of the analogs to in-vitro translated human vitamin D receptor and with their ability to protect the receptor against partial proteolytic digestion, significant correlations were not observed. Further, molecular modelling of the compounds by energy minimization did not reveal marked differences in the three-dimensional structures of the analogs. These results suggest that higher than normal ligand binding affinity or 'natural' conformation of the ligand-receptor complex are not necessarily required for the 'superagonist' transactivation activity. The mechanism of action of the efficient analogs may involve stabilization and/or differential binding of transcriptional coactivators or transcription intermediary factors to the hVDR during transactivation.  (+info)

1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3: in vivo metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rats. (5/960)

We recently identified 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3 as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes. We now report the isolation of 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3 from the serum of rats treated with pharmacological doses of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3 was identified through its co-migration with synthetic 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3 on both straight and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography systems and by mass spectrometry. Along with 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3, other previously known metabolites, namely, 1alpha,24(R),25-trihydroxyvitamin D3, 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-24-oxo-vitamin D3 and 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone, were also identified. Thus, our study for the first time provides direct evidence to indicate that 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3 is an in vivo metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rats.  (+info)

Cloning of porcine 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase and its regulation by cAMP in LLC-PK1 cells. (6/960)

The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase, also referred to as CYP27B1, is a mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha,25(OH)2D3) from 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in renal proximal tubular cells. Recently, human, mouse, and rat CYP27B1 cDNA have been cloned, however the gene regulation has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, porcine CYP27B cDNA was cloned, and the effects of cAMP and vitamin D3 on the regulation of CYP27B1 mRNA expression in LLC-PK1 cells were examined. PCR cloning revealed that porcine CYP27B1 cDNA consisted of 2316 bp, encoding a protein of 504 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence showed over 80% identity to the human, mouse, and rat enzyme. LLC-PK1 cells were incubated with humoral factors, and expression of CYP27B1 mRNA was measured by a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. At the completion of 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-h incubations, 500 micromol/L 8-bromo-cAMP had significantly increased CYP27B1 mRNA expression (260 to 340%). The adenylate cyclase activator forskolin at 50 micromol/L also had a stimulatory effect at 6 h (190%). Moreover, the protein kinase A inhibitor H-89 reduced the cAMP effect. On the other hand, 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 had no effect on CYP27B1 mRNA expression at 10 and 100 nmol/L, whereas expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase (CYP24) mRNA was markedly increased by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. These findings suggest that LLC-PK1 cells express CYP27B1 mRNA, and that cAMP is an upregulating factor of the CYP27B1 gene in vitro.  (+info)

Vitamin D3 supplementation of beef steers increases longissimus tenderness. (7/960)

The objectives of these experiments were to determine 1) the effectiveness of supplemental vitamin D3 (VITD) on altering plasma and muscle calcium levels, 2) whether VITD supplementation improves Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS) values of steaks from feedlot beef steers, and 3) the tenderness response curve of longissimus steaks from steers supplemented with VITD. In Exp. 1, 20 crossbred steers were assigned randomly to one of four treatment diets consisting of either 0, 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 x 106 IU of VITD per day for 10 d. Blood samples were obtained daily during this supplementation period and 5 d thereafter (d 11 to 15). Between d 6 and 13, a linear increase (P < .01) in ionized plasma calcium concentrations was observed in steers supplemented with VITD. Compared to unsupplemented steers, serum calcium concentrations of the steers receiving 7.5 x 106 IU of VITD per day were increased 8 to 48%. In Exp. 2, longissimus samples from crossbred steers (n = 118) that were supplemented with either 0 or 5 x 106 IU of VITD per day for 7 d were obtained and aged for 7, 14, or 21 d. Following the initial 7-d postmortem aging period, VITD supplementation lowered (P < .01) WBS (.58 kg) and increased sensory tenderness rating (.6 units) compared to cuts originating from unsupplemented steers. In Exp. 3, 44 steers were supplemented with either 0 or 7.5 x 106 IU of VITD per day for 10 d immediately prior to slaughter. Results indicated that plasma and longissimus calcium concentration were higher (P < .05) for steers that received supplemental VITD. Compared with unsupplemented cuts, VITD supplementation improved WBS of cuts aged for either 7 or 14 d (P = .02 and P = .07, respectively). Sensory panelists rated samples from VITD supplemented steers as more tender than their unsupplemented counterparts. Activation of calpain proteases could be responsible for the observed tenderization due to the supplementation of VITD.  (+info)

A two-hit mechanism for vitamin D3-mediated transcriptional repression of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene: vitamin D receptor competes for DNA binding with NFAT1 and stabilizes c-Jun. (8/960)

We previously described a control element in the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhancer that is necessary and sufficient to mediate both transcriptional activation in response to T-cell stimuli and transcriptional repression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] through the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR). This DNA element is a composite site that is recognized by both Fos-Jun and NFAT1; it is directly bound by VDR in the absence of a retinoid X receptor as an apparent monomer, and it is bound in a unique tertiary conformation. We describe here the mechanism by which VDR elicits its transcriptional inhibitory effect. Firstly, VDR outcompetes NFAT1 for binding to the composite site. Overexpression of NFAT1 in vivo by transient transfection is able to relieve the 1,25(OH)2D3-dependent repression. Secondly, VDR stabilizes the binding of a Jun-Fos heterodimer to the adjacent AP-1 portion of the element. This appears to occur through a direct interaction between VDR and c-Jun, as demonstrated in vitro by direct glutathione S-transferase coprecipitation assays. In vivo, overexpression of c-Jun, but not c-Fos, leads to a rescue of the 1, 25(OH)2D3-mediated repression. Transfected FLAG-VDR bound to the NFAT1-AP-1 DNA binding element can be selectively precipitated from nuclear extracts that are made from cells treated with activating agents in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3. VDR is not detected in the complex in the absence of the ligand. Thus, VDR acts selectively on the two components required for activation of this promoter/enhancer: it competes with NFAT1 for binding to the composite site, positioning itself adjacent to Jun-Fos on the DNA. Co-occupancy apparently leads to an inhibitory effect on c-Jun's transactivation function. These two events mediated by VDR effectively block the NFAT1-AP-1 activation complex, resulting in an attenuation of activated GM-CSF transcription.  (+info)

Vitamin D deficiency can occur due to several reasons, including:

1. Limited sun exposure: Vitamin D is produced in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. People who live in regions with limited sunlight, such as far north or south latitudes, may experience vitamin D deficiency.
2. Poor dietary intake: Vitamin D is found in few foods, such as fatty fish, egg yolks, and fortified dairy products. People who follow a restrictive diet or do not consume enough of these foods may develop vitamin D deficiency.
3. Inability to convert vitamin D: Vitamin D undergoes two stages of conversion in the body before it becomes active. The first stage occurs in the skin, and the second stage occurs in the liver. People who have a genetic disorder or certain medical conditions may experience difficulty converting vitamin D, leading to deficiency.
4. Certain medications: Some medications, such as anticonvulsants and glucocorticoids, can interfere with vitamin D metabolism and lead to deficiency.
5. Increased demand: Vitamin D deficiency can occur in people who have high demands for vitamin D, such as pregnant or lactating women, older adults, and individuals with certain medical conditions like osteomalacia or rickets.

Vitamin D deficiency can cause a range of health problems, including:

1. Osteomalacia (softening of the bones)
2. Rickets (a childhood disease that causes softening of the bones)
3. Increased risk of fractures
4. Muscle weakness and pain
5. Fatigue and malaise
6. Depression and seasonal affective disorder
7. Autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis
8. Cardiovascular disease
9. Certain types of cancer, such as colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer

If you suspect you may have a vitamin D deficiency, it's important to speak with your healthcare provider, who can diagnose the deficiency through a blood test and recommend appropriate treatment. Treatment for vitamin D deficiency typically involves taking supplements or increasing exposure to sunlight.

Rickets is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, usually due to inadequate sunlight exposure, breastfeeding, or a diet that is low in calcium and vitamin D. It can also be caused by certain medical conditions, such as kidney disease, or by taking certain medications that interfere with vitamin D production.

Symptoms of rickets may include:

* Bowed legs or other deformities of the bones
* Pain in the bones and joints
* Softening of the bones (osteomalacia)
* Difficulty walking or standing
* delayed tooth development
* Frequent infections

If rickets is suspected, a doctor may perform a physical examination, take a medical history, and order diagnostic tests such as X-rays or blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment typically involves correcting any underlying nutritional deficiencies and managing any related health issues. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged bones.

Prevention is key in avoiding rickets, so it's important for parents to ensure their children are getting enough vitamin D and calcium through a balanced diet and adequate sunlight exposure. In regions with limited sunlight, fortified foods such as milk and cereal can be helpful. Breastfeeding mothers may need to supplement their diets with vitamin D to ensure their babies are getting enough.

... is one of the five forms of vitamin D. Cholecalciferol is a secosteroid, that is, a steroid molecule with one ... 0.15% cholecalciferol bait appears to have application for pocket gopher control.' Cholecalciferol can be a single high-dose ... Cholecalciferol is available as a generic medication and over the counter. Cholecalciferol appears to stimulate the body's ... We investigated the effect of oral high-dose cholecalciferol on plasma and adipose tissue cholecalciferol and its subsequent ...
"Cholecalciferol". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Vitamin D4". Drug Information Portal. U.S. ... Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially by exposing 7-dehydrocholesterol to UVB and UVC light, followed by ... The two major forms are vitamin D2 or ergocalciferol, and vitamin D3 or cholecalciferol. Vitamin D without a subscript refers ... However, some animals, such as the naked mole-rat, are naturally cholecalciferol-deficient, as serum 25-OH vitamin D levels are ...
... cholecalciferol); and adipose tissue (leptin and resistin). Endocrine glands derive from all three germ layers.[citation needed ...
0.15% cholecalciferol bait appears to have application for pocket gopher control.' Cholecalciferol can be a single high-dose ... Cholecalciferol differs from conventional acute rodenticides in that no bait shyness is associated with consumption and time to ... Cholecalciferol is an acute (single-feeding) and/or chronic (multiple-feeding) rodenticide toxicant with unique activity for ... Cholecalciferol produces hypercalcemia, which results in systemic calcification of soft tissue, leading to kidney failure, ...
"MSDS for cholecalciferol crystalline" (PDF). hmdb.ca. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-26. Retrieved 2016-12-26. " ...
Morris, J. G. (August 2002). "Cats discriminate between cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol*". Journal of Animal Physiology and ...
Morris, J. G. (August 2002). "Cats discriminate between cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol*". Journal of Animal Physiology and ...
... (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3) are considered to be equivalent for vitamin D production, as both forms appear to ... Like cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol is inactive by itself. It requires two hydroxylations to become active: the first in the ... Unlike cholecalciferol, 25-hydroxylation is not performed by CYP27A1 for ergocalciferol. Ergocalciferol and metabolites have ... Ergocalciferol may be used as a vitamin D supplement, whereas cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is produced naturally by the skin ...
0.15% cholecalciferol bait appears to have application for pocket gopher control.' Cholecalciferol can be a single high-dose ... Cholecalciferol differs from conventional acute rodenticides in that no bait shyness is associated with consumption and time to ... Cholecalciferol is an acute (single-feeding) and/or chronic (multiple-feeding) rodenticide toxicant with unique activity for ... CHOLECALCIFEROL: A UNIQUE TOXICANT FOR RODENT CONTROL. Proceedings of the Eleventh Vertebrate Pest Conference (1984). ...
Cholecalciferol is also a highly toxic agent. The anticoagulants, indandiones and red squill, are less hazardous to humans and ...
Cholecalciferol is more expensive to produce than 1080. Some promising results have been obtained by combining cholecalciferol ... Cholecalciferol naturally occurs as vitamin D3 in many foods, including fish. It was developed as a poison to control rats and ... Cholecalciferol will reduce populations of possums and rats, but not stoats, since it does not bioaccumulate in animals. It ... Cholecalciferol is very inhumane. Para-aminopropiophenone (PAPP) was developed to control stoats, weasels, and feral cats, and ...
"Cefoxitin and cholecalciferol / genistein / zinc chelazome Drug Interactions". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2017-05-29. "Efficacy and ...
... synthesized endogenously in the liver in form of Cholecalciferol. The endogenous inactive form of Vitamin D is Cholecalciferol ...
... may have advantages over cholecalciferol for the correction of vitamin D deficiency states. A review of the results ... The name 25(OH)D refers to any combination of calcifediol (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol), derived from vitamin D3, and ... Studies are ongoing comparing the effects of calcifediol with other forms of vitamin D including cholecalciferol in prevention ... The enzyme responsible for this synthesis, cholecalciferol 25-hydroxylase, was isolated in the same laboratory by Michael F. ...
van Groningen L, Opdenoordt S, van Sorge A, Telting D, Giesen A, de Boer H (April 2010). "Cholecalciferol loading dose ...
"Human serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol response to extended oral dosing with cholecalciferol". Am J Clin Nutr. 77 (1): 204-10. ...
LycoD3 is a complex of lycopene with vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol. This vitamin is very important not only for the control of ...
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is typically absorbed more readily than vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Osteomalacia due to ...
... is an intermediate in the production of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). It is formed by the action of UV light, ... This then undergoes spontaneous isomerization into cholecalciferol, the prohormone of the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol ...
Cholecalciferol in vegan dog food can be synthetic or naturally derived from lichen, a non-animal source of D3. Vitamin B12 is ... Cholecalciferol is then converted to calcidiol in the liver before further hydroxylated to calcitriol, the active form of ... However, the conversion of provitamin D to cholecalciferol is significantly lower in dogs than other mammals, and is not ... In the diet, there are two forms of vitamin D - cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) from mainly animal sources, and ergocalciferol ( ...
As of 2019 the active ingredient in all bait stations has been changed to cholecalciferol. The initial 1950's ad pitch ...
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is the preferred form since it is more readily absorbed than vitamin D2. Most dermatologists ...
Specifically cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), which is needed for basic cellular / neural functioning as well as the utilization ... Simple supplementation with cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) will not be enough as there's a complete biosynthetic pathway[which?] ...
BHA also is commonly used in medicines, such as cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3), isotretinoin, lovastatin, and simvastatin, among ...
Plants such as Cestrum diurnum, and Solanum malacoxylon contain ergocalciferol or cholecalciferol which cause the onset of ...
Mouse and rat poison, hypercalcemia type Mouse and rat poisons containing cholecalciferol cause hypercalcemia and ...
Because cholecalciferol already has one hydroxyl group, only two (1,25) are further specified in this nomenclature, but in fact ... Compared to other vitamin D compounds in clinical use (cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol), calcitriol has a higher risk of ... Calcitriol is, strictly, the 1-hydroxylation product of calcifediol (25-OH vitamin D3), derived from cholecalciferol (vitamin ...
Calcifediol is an example of a prehormone which is produced by hydroxylation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in the liver. ...
In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D3 (also known as cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 ( ...
Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is synthesized in the skin after exposure to the sun or consumed from food, usually from animal ...
Cholecalciferol (UNII: 1C6V77QF41) (CHOLECALCIFEROL - UNII:1C6V77QF41) Cholecalciferol. 24.75 g in 25 g. ... X- cholecalciferol powder. To receive this label RSS feed. Copy the URL below and paste it into your RSS Reader application. ... X- cholecalciferol powder. Out of scope - Out of scope for RxNorm and will not receive RxNorm normal forms. Out of scope ... X- cholecalciferol powder. If this SPL contains inactivated NDCs listed by the FDA initiated compliance action, they will be ...
Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is used as a dietary supplement when the amount of vitamin D in the ...
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. ...
Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3): learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Before taking cholecalciferol,. *tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to cholecalciferol, any other medications ... Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking a cholecalciferol (vitamin D) supplement. Take cholecalciferol at around the ... Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is in a class of medications called vitamin D analogs. Cholecalciferol is needed by the body for ...
Shop for Vitacost Vitamin D3 as Cholecalciferol 10000 IU (365 ct) at Ralphs. Find quality health products to add to your ... Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is the same form of vitamin D that the body manufactures when skin is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) ... Vitacost Vitamin D3 as Cholecalciferol 10000 IU. 4.81(. 59. )View All Reviews ... Why is Vitacost® Vitamin D3 (as cholecalciferol) your everyday essential?. *Is the preferred form of vitamin D, identical to ...
Effect to cholecalciferol and 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol on the intestinal absorption of zinc in the chick. Koo SI, Fullmer ...
Learn more about Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) at EverydayHealth.com. ... Find everything you need to know about Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3), including what it is used for, warnings, reviews, side ... What should I do if I missed a dose of Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)(Oral)?. Take cholecalciferol as soon as you can, but skip ... Cholecalciferol is vitamin D3. Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium.. Cholecalciferol is used as a dietary supplement in ...
Is calcifediol better than cholecalciferol for vitamin D supplementation? J M Quesada-Gomez 1 2 , R Bouillon 3 ... Is calcifediol better than cholecalciferol for vitamin D supplementation? J M Quesada-Gomez et al. Osteoporos Int. 2018 Aug. ... Cholecalciferol or Calcifediol in the Management of Vitamin D Deficiency. Sosa Henríquez M, Gómez de Tejada Romero MJ. Sosa ... Cholecalciferol and calcifediol for vitamin D supplementation. Sosa-Henríquez M. Sosa-Henríquez M. Osteoporos Int. 2020 Feb;31( ...
Vitamin D3 (As cholecalciferol) 5000 IU / 1250%. **Percent Daily Values (DV) are based on a 2‚000 calorie diet.. Other ... Immune Support » Liquid Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) Natural Orange Flavor 5000 IU - 2 fl. oz (59 ml) Share ... Solgar Vitamin and Herb Liquid Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) Natural Orange Flavor 5000 IU - 2 fl. oz (59 ml) Shop all Solgar ...
Liquid Vitamin D3 Cholecalciferol 125 mcg 5000IU Natural Orange FlavorProduct DescriptionVitamin D is required to promote ... Liquid Vitamin D3 Cholecalciferol 125 mcg 5000IU Natural Orange Flavor. Product Description. Vitamin D is required to promote ... Solgar Liquid Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) 125 mcg (5000IU) Natural Orange Flavor 2oz Liquid. 033984320482 ... Solgar Liquid Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) 125 mcg (5000IU) Natural Orange Flavor 2oz Liquid ...
Dive into the research topics of An in-vitro-in-vivo model for the transdermal delivery of cholecalciferol for the purposes of ... An in-vitro-in-vivo model for the transdermal delivery of cholecalciferol for the purposes of rodent management. ...
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... , manufactured and supplied by Pax Healthcare in the best quality and at nominal prices. ... Vitamin D3 Cholecalciferol Drops - An oral drop, available with the name PELDOR-D3 at Pax Healthcare, is made with a powerpack ... COMPOSITION: VITAMIN D3 CHOLECALCIFEROL ORAL DROP ) 400 IU. Pkg Type: WITH CARTON. Packaging: 30 ML. ... of Vitamin D3 Cholecalciferol which is specifically for pediatric use. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that works by keeping the ...
Generic Name(s): cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) View Free Coupon * Uses * Side Effects ...
CHOLECALCIFEROL (UNII: 1C6V77QF41) (CHOLECALCIFEROL - UNII:1C6V77QF41) CHOLECALCIFEROL. 1250 ug. PHYTONADIONE (UNII: A034SE7857 ... cholecalciferol 1250 MCG / vitamin K2 200 MCG Oral Capsule. PSN. 2. 2570480. cholecalciferol 1.25 MG / vitamin K2 0.2 MG Oral ... cholecalciferol 1250 MCG / vitamin K2 200 MCG Oral Capsule. SY. 4. 2570480. cholecalciferol 5000 UNT / vitamin K2 200 MCG Oral ... DECARA K VEGICAPS- cholecalciferol, phytonadione capsule. Number of versions: 3. Published Date (What is this?). Version. Files ...
cholecalciferol/menaquinone systemic. Brand name: K2-D3. Drug class: vitamins. Cholecalciferol/menaquinone systemic is used in ...
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Vitamin D3 (25-Hydroxy-Cholecalciferol). You are here: Home. / Analysenverzeichnis. / ab=V. / Vitamin D3 (25-Hydroxy- ...
CHOLECALCIFEROL 60,000 IU SACHET is available at Novolilly Pharma for manufacturing, supplying, and PCD Pharma Franchise. ...
Cholecalciferol is a form of vitamin D3 that is produced in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. It is also found in some ... Vitamin D3, Cholecalciferol, Covid 19, Medical Weight Loss UtahBy admin. October 28, 2021. ...
Bio-Tech D3-5 Cholecalciferol 100 Capsules Bio-Tech D3-5 Cholecalciferol 100 Capsules. Bio-Tech Pharmacal Inc. (No reviews yet ... BIO-TECH D3-5 Cholecalciferol 100 Capsules Anti-Oxidants / Vitamins Vitamin D D3-5 Cholecalciferol Each capsule supplies ... BIO-TECH D3-5 Cholecalciferol 100 Capsules. Vitamin D is essential for normal bone growth and development, and to maintain bone ... Vitamin D3 Cholecalciferol 5,000 IU Inactive ingredients: Pharmaceutical grade microcrystalline cellulose, Fumed silica. ...
Gluten free Provides Calcium through Vitamin D Supports strong bones Supports a healthy immune system Vitamin D is required to promote calcium absorption, which helps to maintain healthy bones and ...
All patients received a single dose (150,000 IU) of cholecalciferol aqueous solution orally. Laboratory assessments including ... intending to reveal the diversity of vitamin D metabolism in the setting of cholecalciferol intake at a therapeutic dose. ... The elevation of vitamin D levels after the administration of cholecalciferol was comparable in both groups, with slightly ... D3 levels and the therapeutic response to cholecalciferol is similar to that in healthy individuals. ...
This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a high oral loading dose of cholecalciferol supplement on NAFLD patients ... Cholecalciferol is recommended as additional therapy to modulate lipid peroxidation and systemic inflammation alongside other ... A randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind study to investigate the effect of a high oral loading dose of cholecalciferol in ... Group 2 received the conventional therapy plus cholecalciferol for 4 months. The improvement in the patients glycaemic control ...
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that aids in calcium absorption, which helps to maintain healthy bones and teeth.* Vitamin D also supports a healthy immune system.* This product utilizes oil from select livers of deep-sea, cold-water fish. The oil has been purified to eliminate mercury and PCBs. This formulation is
Trumac Healthcare is one of leading Cholecalciferol Vit D3 Injections Manufacturers Suppliers in India. Third Party Contract ... Vit D3 Cholecalciferol is used in the treatment of nutritional deficiencies.. Vit D3 Cholecalciferol provides essential ... Apart from Cholecalciferol Vit D3 Injections Manufacturers Suppliers, we at Trumac Healthcare provide range of other products ... Cholecalciferol Vit D3 Injections Manufacturers Suppliers - WHO:GMP Third Party Contract Manufacturers. March 21, 2019 ...
1 Cholecalciferol - From Sunlight. Cholecalciferol (also known as Vitamin D₃) is synthesized naturally when 7- ... Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D₃): 9,10-Secocholesta-5,Z,7E-trien-3β-ol ...
  • MAVIDOS was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 1000 IU/day cholecalciferol from 14 weeks' gestation until delivery. (bvsalud.org)
  • Half of the participants were randomly assigned to receive cholecalciferol 1000 IU/day from around 14 weeks' gestation until delivery, and half were assigned to receive placebo. (medscape.com)
  • Using logistic regression, the researchers analyzed links between maternal cholecalciferol 1000 IU/day supplements or placebo and atopic eczema risk in their offspring. (medscape.com)
  • We assessed the effect of antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation on the incidence of preterm birth , delivery mode and post-partum haemorrhage (PPH). (bvsalud.org)
  • Our data provide the first randomized controlled trial evidence of a protective effect of antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation on risk of infantile atopic eczema, with the effect only seen in infants that were breastfed for more than 1 month," write lead study author Sarah El-Heis, MRCP, DM, and colleagues. (medscape.com)
  • Does antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation affect the mode or timing of delivery? (bvsalud.org)
  • Antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation did not alter timing of birth or prevalence of preterm birth but demonstrated a possible effect on the likelihood of SVD. (bvsalud.org)
  • BIO-TECH D3-5 Cholecalciferol 100 Capsules Anti-Oxidants / Vitamins Vitamin D D3-5 Cholecalciferol Each capsule supplies Vitamin D3 Cholecalciferol 5,000 IU Inactive ingredients: Pharmaceutical grade microcrystalline cellulose, Fumed silica. (hmherbs.com)
  • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) is used as a dietary supplement when the amount of vitamin D in the diet is not enough. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) is also used along with calcium to prevent and treat bone diseases such as rickets (softening and weakening of bones in children caused by lack of vitamin D), osteomalacia (softening and weakening of bones in adults caused by lack of vitamin D), and osteoporosis (a condition in which the bones become thin and weak and break easily). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) is in a class of medications called vitamin D analogs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) comes as a capsule, gel capsule, chewable gel (gummy), tablet, and liquid drops to take by mouth. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking a cholecalciferol (vitamin D) supplement. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you become pregnant while taking cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ), call your doctor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • When cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) is used to treat and prevent bone diseases, you should eat and drink of foods and drinks that are rich in calcium. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) may cause side effects. (medlineplus.gov)
  • People with adequate access to sunlight usually do not need dietary vitamin D because ultraviolet light converts 7-dehydrocholesterol abundant in skin to vitamin D3 cholecalciferol. (hmherbs.com)
  • Cholecalciferol better known as Vitamin D3 is a form of Vitamin D. It transforms into a hormone in the blood stream and helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphate. (portea.com)
  • Vitamin D3 (25-OH Cholecalciferol) Test is also referred to as 25-OH vitamin D test, Calcidiol test and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol test. (portea.com)
  • You can also choose to get your cholecalciferol vitamin d3 test done at your home that too at an economical price with the help of Portea. (portea.com)
  • One rodenticide, cholecalciferol (Vitamin D 3 ), has been registered for use in New Mexico, and holds great promise for the control of field rodents involved in plague epizootics. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to this, clients can avail this Calcium Citraate Maleale, cholecalciferol And Folic Acid Tablet from us in different packaging options. (sunestalifesciences.com)
  • anthropometric measurements were made to determine nutritional status and estimation of 25- hydroxy cholecalciferol (25OHD) done for all those studied. (bvsalud.org)
  • Other poisons that are not anticoagulants are cholecalciferol and zinc phosphide. (sccf.org)
  • tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to cholecalciferol, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in cholecalciferol products. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Gestation at birth and incidence of preterm birth ( cholecalciferol 5.7%, placebo 4.5%, P = 0.43) were similar between the two treatment groups. (bvsalud.org)
  • PPH was less common in women randomized to cholecalciferol [32.1% compared with placebo (38.1%, P = 0.054) overall], but similar when stratified by delivery mode. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cholecalciferol supplements are available alone and in combination with vitamins, and in combination with medications. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cholecalciferol is needed by the body for healthy bones, muscles, nerves, and to support the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)