AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CarePublication CharacteristicsGeographicals
ChlorohydrinsEthylene ChlorohydrinEthylene DichloridesHypochlorous AcidEthylenesPhospholipidsFatty AcidsInorganic ChemicalsChemical EngineeringEncyclopedias as TopicEncyclopediasPhosphorusMarketingMolecular Sequence AnnotationRubberChemical IndustryButadienesFraudCounterfeit DrugsHeveaRubber DamsDevice ApprovalEquipment SafetyUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationEquipment and SuppliesElevators and EscalatorsMoving and Lifting PatientsUnited StatesHydrocarbonsGas, NaturalBiofuelsPolycyclic Hydrocarbons, AromaticReceptors, Aryl HydrocarbonPetroleumCatalysisPhagocytestert-ButylhydroperoxideUnited States Indian Health ServiceAlaskaIndians, North AmericanInuitsFederal GovernmentHealth Services, IndigenousIntermittent Positive-Pressure BreathingChemical Hazard ReleaseRespiratory Protective DevicesHazardous SubstancesNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.)Positive-Pressure RespirationIntermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation
Chlorohydrins
Any of the compounds derived from a group of glycols or polyhydroxy alcohols by chlorine substitution for part of the hydroxyl groups. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Ethylene Chlorohydrin
Used as a solvent, in the manufacture of insecticides, and for treating sweet potatoes before planting. May cause nausea, vomiting, pains in head and chest, stupefaction. Irritates mucous membranes and causes kidney and liver degeneration.
Ethylene Dichlorides
Toxic, chlorinated, saturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. The latter is considerably more toxic. It has a sweet taste, ethereal odor and has been used as a fumigant and intoxicant among sniffers. Has many household and industrial uses.
Hypochlorous Acid
An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.
Ethylenes
Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.
Phospholipids
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
Fatty Acids
Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Inorganic Chemicals
A broad class of substances encompassing all those that do not include carbon and its derivatives as their principal elements. However, carbides, carbonates, cyanides, cyanates, and carbon disulfide are included in this class.
Chemical Engineering
Encyclopedias as Topic
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Encyclopedias
Phosphorus
A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.
Marketing
Activity involved in transfer of goods from producer to consumer or in the exchange of services.
Molecular Sequence Annotation
The addition of descriptive information about the function or structure of a molecular sequence to its MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA record.
Rubber
A high-molecular-weight polymeric elastomer derived from the milk juice (LATEX) of HEVEA brasiliensis and other trees and plants. It is a substance that can be stretched at room temperature to at least twice its original length and after releasing the stress, retract rapidly, and recover its original dimensions fully.
Chemical Industry
The aggregate enterprise of manufacturing and technically producing chemicals. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Butadienes
Four carbon unsaturated hydrocarbons containing two double bonds.
Fraud
Exploitation through misrepresentation of the facts or concealment of the purposes of the exploiter.
Counterfeit Drugs
Drugs manufactured and sold with the intent to misrepresent its origin, authenticity, chemical composition, and or efficacy. Counterfeit drugs may contain inappropriate quantities of ingredients not listed on the label or package. In order to further deceive the consumer, the packaging, container, or labeling, may be inaccurate, incorrect, or fake.
Hevea
A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE, order Euphorbiales, subclass Rosidae. Commercial natural RUBBER is mainly obtained from Hevea brasiliensis but also from some other plants.
Rubber Dams
Sheets of latex rubber punched and placed over the teeth during dental procedures to isolate the field of operation from the rest of the oral cavity (Jablonski; Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982). Rubber dams are useful in preventing the swallowing of instruments or restorations during dental work.
Device Approval
Process that is gone through in order for a device to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required preclinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance. It is not restricted to FDA.
Equipment Safety
Freedom of equipment from actual or potential hazards.
United States Food and Drug Administration
An agency of the PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to maintaining standards of quality of foods, drugs, therapeutic devices, etc.
Equipment and Supplies
Expendable and nonexpendable equipment, supplies, apparatus, and instruments that are used in diagnostic, surgical, therapeutic, scientific, and experimental procedures.
Elevators and Escalators
Mechanical ascending and descending devices which convey objects and/or people.
Moving and Lifting Patients
Moving or repositioning patients within their beds, from bed to bed, bed to chair, or otherwise from one posture or surface to another.
United States
Hydrocarbons
Gas, Natural
A combustible, gaseous mixture of low-molecular weight PARAFFIN hydrocarbons, generated below the surface of the earth. It contains mostly METHANE and ETHANE with small amounts of PROPANE; BUTANES; and higher hydrocarbons, and sometimes NITROGEN; CARBON DIOXIDE; HYDROGEN SULFIDE; and HELIUM. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Biofuels
Hydrocarbon-rich byproducts from the non-fossilized BIOMASS that are combusted to generate energy as opposed to fossilized hydrocarbon deposits (FOSSIL FUELS).
Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of compounds of this important group, derived chiefly from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly reactive and chemically versatile. The name is due to the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of most substances of this nature. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p96)
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon
Cytoplasmic proteins that bind certain aryl hydrocarbons, translocate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of particular DNA segments. AH receptors are identified by their high-affinity binding to several carcinogenic or teratogenic environmental chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in cigarette smoke and smog, heterocyclic amines found in cooked foods, and halogenated hydrocarbons including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. No endogenous ligand has been identified, but an unknown natural messenger with a role in cell differentiation and development is suspected.
Petroleum
Naturally occurring complex liquid hydrocarbons which, after distillation, yield combustible fuels, petrochemicals, and lubricants.
Catalysis
The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.
Phagocytes
Cells that can carry out the process of PHAGOCYTOSIS.
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.
United States Indian Health Service
A division of the UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE that is responsible for the public health and the provision of medical services to NATIVE AMERICANS in the United States, primarily those residing on reservation lands.
Alaska
Indians, North American
Individual members of North American ethnic groups with ancient historic ancestral origins in Asia.
Inuits
Inuktitut-speakers generally associated with the northern polar region.
Federal Government
The level of governmental organization and function at the national or country-wide level.
Health Services, Indigenous
Health care provided to specific cultural or tribal peoples which incorporates local customs, beliefs, and taboos.
Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing
Application of positive pressure to the inspiratory phase of spontaneous respiration.
Chemical Hazard Release
Uncontrolled release of a chemical from its containment that either threatens to, or does, cause exposure to a chemical hazard. Such an incident may occur accidentally or deliberately.
Respiratory Protective Devices
Respirators to protect individuals from breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors.
Hazardous Substances
Elements, compounds, mixtures, or solutions that are considered severely harmful to human health and the environment. They include substances that are toxic, corrosive, flammable, or explosive.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.)
An institute of the CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION which is responsible for assuring safe and healthful working conditions and for developing standards of safety and health. Research activities are carried out pertinent to these goals.
Positive-Pressure Respiration
A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange.
Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation
Application of positive pressure to the inspiratory phase when the patient has an artificial airway in place and is connected to a ventilator.

Exposure to trichloroethylene II. Metabolites in blood and urine. (1/52)

Fifteen men were exposed to trichloroethylene (TRI) in three different ways with regard to the concentration of TRI in the air as well as exercise on a bicycle ergometer. The total amount of TRI supplied and taken up by each person was measured. The concentrations of trichloroethanol (TCE) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) were determined in blood and urine. In spite of large differences in uptake, there were only small differences in the concentration of TCA in blood during the day of exposure. There was a large scatter for the values of TCA in urine within each group. The concentration of TCE in arterial blood increased during exposure. Thereafter the concentrations were almost constant for 2 h and differed among the groups. These results can be interpreted as being due to balanced rates of the formation and elimination of TCE. The levels mentioned were related to the uptake of TRI. The same was found for the rate of excretion of TCE in urine when calculations were made from the morning sample obtained the day after exposure.  (+info)

Mutagenicity of chloroacetaldehyde, a possible metabolic product of 1,2-dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride), chloroethanol (ethylene chlorohydrin), vinyl chloride, and cyclophosphamide. (2/52)

We have previously described a very sensitive and efficient bacterial test designed to detect chemical carcinogens as mutagens. Chloroacetaldehyde is mutagenic in this system and is of interest because it is a possible metabolite in mammals of the large volume industrial chemicals 1,2-dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride) (3.5 billion kg/yr, U.S.) and vinyl chloride (2.5 billion kg/yr, U.S.), and of the antineoplastic agent cyclophosphamide. Chloroacetaldehyde reverts a new Salmonella bacterial tester strain (TA100). Chloroacetaldehyde is shown to be hundreds of times more effective in reversion of TA100 than is chloroethanol (ethylene chlorohydrin), a known metabolic precursor of chloroacetaldehyde and a possible metabolite of dichloroethane and vinyl chloride, or than vinyl chloride, which is itself mutagenic for TA100. Chloroethanol is shown to be activated by rat (or human) liver homogenates to a more highly mutagenic form with reversion properties similar to chloroacetaldehyde. Reversion properties of cyclophosphamide after in vitro metabolic activation suggest that chloroacetaldehyde is not the active mutagenic form of this antineoplastic drug.  (+info)

Isolation and characterization of 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol-degrading rhizobia. (3/52)

2,3-Dichloro-1-propanol is more chemically stable than its isomer, 1, 3-dichloro-2-propanol, and is therefore more difficult to degrade. The isolation of bacteria capable of complete mineralization of 2, 3-dichloro-1-propanol was successful only from enrichments at high pH. The bacteria thus isolated were found to be members of the alpha division of the Proteobacteria in the Rhizobium subdivision, most likely Agrobacterium sp. They could utilize both dihaloalcohol substrates and 2-chloropropionic acid. The growth of these strains in the presence of 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol was strongly affected by the pH and buffer strength of the medium. Under certain conditions, a ladder of four active dehalogenase bands could be visualized from this strain in activity gels. The enzyme involved in the complete mineralization of 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol was shown to have a native molecular weight of 114,000 and consisted of four subunits of similar molecular weights.  (+info)

The entry of alpha-chlorohydrin into body fluids of male rats and its effect upon the incorporation of glycerol into lipids. (4/52)

The rate of entry of alpha-chlorohydrin into rat rete testis fluid has been studied using the 14-C and 36-Cl-labelled compounds. The alpha-chlorohydrin crosses the blood-testis barrier and the concentration of radioactivity in rete testis fluid attained blood levels within 45 min. Within 3 hr of a single injection of [14-C] alpha-chlorohydrin, radioactivity was widely distributed in body fluids, and was present in the lipids of the brain, testis, epididymis and epididymal fat pads. No radioactivity was found in tissue lipids following the administration of [36-Cl] alpha-chlorohydrin, which suggests that dechlorination of this compound occurs before its incorporation. Neither a single high dose nor repeated low doses of alpha-chlorohydrin induced changes in the incorporation of [14-C] glycerol into lipids of the brain, testis, epididymis and epididymal fat pads.  (+info)

Purification and structure of the major product obtained by reaction of NADPH and NMNH with the myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/chloride system. (5/52)

The first spectrophotometric study of the reaction of the myeloperoxidase/H2O2/Cl- system with NADPH and NMNH showed that the reaction products were not the corresponding oxidized nucleotides and that modifications would take place on the nicotinamide part of the molecule [Auchere, F. & Capeillere-Blandin, C. (1999) Biochem. J. 343, 603-613]. In this report, in order to obtain more precise information on the structural modifications and mechanism of the reaction, we focus on the purification and isolation of products derived from NADPH and NMNH by RP-HPLC. Electrospray ionization mass spectra indicated that the relative height of the peaks reflected that of the natural isotopic abundance of 35Cl and 37Cl, providing evidence that the products derived from NADPH and NMNH were monochlorinated. Moreover, calculated masses revealed the 1 : 1 addition of HOCl to the molecule. Various 1D and 2D NMR experiments provided data for the assignments of the chemical shifts of protons and carbons and the coupling constants of the protons of the chlorinated nucleotides. Further NOESY experiments allowed the characterization of the spatial structure of the chlorinated product and showed that trans HOCl addition occurred at the C5=C6 carbon double bond of the nicotinamide ring, leading to a chlorohydrin.  (+info)

Mutagenic potential of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and its hydrolysis-derived products in the Ames Salmonella assay. (6/52)

The mutagenicity of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), its first and second hydrolysis products (the diol epoxide and bis-diol of BADGE, respectively) and the bis-chlorohydrin of BADGE were investigated using the Ames Salmonella assay with strains TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537. The assays were performed in the absence and presence of various concentrations of rat liver S9 fraction. The results obtained confirm the mutagenic power of BADGE in strains TA100 and TA1535 and show a positive response to the diol epoxide of BADGE in these strains, although the latter compound was approximately 10 times less potent than the former. A lack of mutagenic activity of the bis-diol of BADGE and the chlorohydrin under study is also shown. These findings suggest that BADGE and, to a much lesser extent, the diol epoxide of BADGE may constitute a genotoxic hazard, but not the bis-diol or bis-chlorohydrin of BADGE.  (+info)

Lipid analysis of human HDL and LDL by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and (31)P-NMR. (7/52)

The analysis of HDL and LDL is important for the further understanding of atherosclerosis because changes of the protein and lipid moieties occur under pathological conditions. Because destruction of lipids leads to the formation of well-defined products such as lysophospholipids or chlorohydrins, methods that allow their fast and reliable determination would be useful. In this study, matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was applied for the analysis of the lipid composition of human lipoproteins. These data were compared with high resolution (31)P-NMR spectroscopy. Differences between LDL and HDL in sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine content could be monitored by NMR and mass spectrometry, and differences with respect to the extraction efficiency were found by MALDI-TOF MS. Additionally, treatment of LDL with hypochlorite and phospholipase A(2) resulted in marked changes (formation of chlorohydrines and lysolipids). Lysophosphatidylcholines were detectable by both methods, whereas MALDI-TOF MS failed to detect chlorohydrines of phospholipids. We conclude that MALDI-TOF MS provides rapidly a reliable lipid profile of lipoproteins. However, a previous lipid separation must be performed to detect lipid oxidation products. NMR can be directly applied, but suffers from lower sensitivity, and provides only limited information on fatty acid composition.  (+info)

The effects of alpha-chlorohydrin on the composition of rat and rabbit epididymal plasma: a possible explanation of species difference. (8/52)

The relationship between the antifertility effect of alpha-chlorohydrin and changes in composition of luminal plasma from the cauda epididymidis of rats and rabbits has been investigated. At each dose regimen studied, the fertilizing capacity of rats treated with alpha-chlorohydrin was reduced to zero. The levels of sodium, potassium, glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in epididymal plasma were not markedly affected by drug treatment. The most noticeable change was a considerable increase in the concentration of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) at all dose levels and of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) after 7 days of treatment with 8 and 16 mg/kg. The effect of cold shock on the composition of epididymal plasma showed that LDH and GOT are, at least in part, derived from spermatozoa. In contrast, alpha-chlorohydrin did not have an antifertility action in the rabbit, and the only notable change in the compositon of epididymal plasma was an increase in the level of GPC. These results provide evidence that, in the rat, alpha-chlorohydrin or a metabolite primarily exerts its antifertility effect by a direct action on the spermatozoa, whilst in the rabbit a barrier may exist to the entrance of the drug into the lumen of the epididymal duct.  (+info)

Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion.Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion.
The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is thought to contribute to atherogenesis, which is an inflammatory disease involving activation of phagocytic cells. Myeloperoxidase, an enzyme which is able to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl), is released from these phagocytic cells, and has been found in an active form in atherosclerotic plaques. HOCl can oxidize both the lipid and protein moiety of LDL, and HOCl-modified LDL has been found to be pro-inflammatory, although it is not known which component is responsible for this effect. As HOCl can oxidize lipids to give chlorohydrins, we hypothesized that phospholipid chlorohydrins might have toxic and pro-inflammatory effects. We have formed chlorohydrins from fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids) and from phospholipids (stearoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine, stearoyl-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine and stearoyl-arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine), and investigated various biological effects of these oxidation products. Fatty acid and ...
https://openair.rgu.ac.uk/handle/10059/1236
Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS<...Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS. AU - Spickett, C.M.. AU - Jerlich, A.. AU - Schaur, R.J.. AU - Pitt, A.R.. N1 - AHR. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. N2 - This article discusses phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS.. AB - This article discusses phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS.. KW - phagocyte oxidation. KW - phospholipids. KW - hydroperoxide. KW - chlorohydrin. KW - epoxyisoprostane. M3 - Article. VL - 33. SP - S145-S145. JO - Free Radical Biology and Medicine. JF - Free Radical Biology and Medicine. SN - 0891-5849. IS - Supplement 1. ER - ...
https://pureportal.strath.ac.uk/en/publications/phagocyte-oxidation-of-phospholipids-comparison-of-hydroperoxide-
2016 Ethylene chlorohydrin (CAS 107-07-3) Industry Market Report : ReportsnReports2016 Ethylene chlorohydrin (CAS 107-07-3) Industry Market Report : ReportsnReports
[150 Pages Report] Check for Discount on 2016 Ethylene chlorohydrin (CAS 107-07-3) Industry Market Report report by Prof Research. The Global and Chinese Ethylene chlorohydrin Industry, 2011-2021 Market...
http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/667187-2016-ethylene-chlorohydrin-cas-107-07-3-industry-market-report.html
Mortality from pancreatic and lymphopoietic cancer among workers in ethylene and propylene chlorohydrin production. | Base...Mortality from pancreatic and lymphopoietic cancer among workers in ethylene and propylene chlorohydrin production. | Base...
Objectives-A previous study reported a fivefold increase in mortality from pancreatic cancer and a threefold increase in lymphopoietic and haematopoietic cancer among 278 men who were assigned to a now dismantled Union Carbide chlorohydrin unit in the Kanawha Valley of West Virginia. There were also significant trends with duration of...
http://www.bdsp.ehesp.fr/Base/151534/
Common Chemistry - Substance Details - 107-07-3 : Ethanol, 2-chloroCommon Chemistry - Substance Details - 107-07-3 : Ethanol, 2-chloro
107-07-3:C2H5ClO, Ethanol, 2-chloro-, 1-Chloro-2-hydroxyethane, 2-CHLORAETHANOL, 2-Chlorethanol, 2-Chloro-1-ethanol, 2-Chloro-1-hydroxyethane, 2-Chloroethanol, 2-Chloroethyl alcohol, 2-cloroetanol, 2-Hydroxyethyl chloride, Chloroethanol, Ethanol, 2-chloro-, Ethene chlorohydrin, Ethylchlorohydrin, Ethylene chlorhydrin, ETHYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN, Glycol chlorohydrin, Glycol monochlorohydrin, NSC 122289, UN 1135, UN 1135, β-Chloroethanol, β-Chloroethyl alcohol, β-Hydroxyethyl chloride
http://www.commonchemistry.org/ChemicalDetail.aspx?ref=107-07-3
催芽劑、氯乙醇(Ethylene chlorohydrin)與檸檬酸循環(citric acid cycle) - PanSci 泛科學催芽劑、氯乙醇(Ethylene chlorohydrin)與檸檬酸循環(citric acid cycle) - PanSci 泛科學
今年可以被定義為台灣的食品安全元年，從DEHP到南投四人食物中毒、到後來的幾個事件，無不引起大家對食品安全的注意。. 不過，最後發現除了DEHP以外，後來一連發生的幾件事都與食物中毒/食品安全無關，反而與藥物的相關性比較高。. 最近才偵破的南投四死案，從原以為的肉毒桿菌中毒，到最後案情急轉直下，原來是氯乙醇中毒，而且是毒殺。兇嫌因為怨恨昔日女友另嫁他人，竟然將非法催芽劑氯乙醇加入米酒中餽贈昔日女友夫婦，導致四人死亡（新聞連結, ...
http://pansci.asia/archives/6508
Asymmetric transformation of ß- and γ-functionalized alcohols : Study of combined ruthenium-catalyzed racemization and...Asymmetric transformation of ß- and γ-functionalized alcohols : Study of combined ruthenium-catalyzed racemization and...
The major part of this thesis describes the asymmetric synthesis of β- and γ-amino alcohols through the combination of ruthenium catalyzed racemization and enzymatic kinetic resolution.. The dynamic kinetic resolution, DKR, protocol for chlorohydrins was improved by employing Bäckvalls catalyst, which is a base activated racemization catalyst, in combination with Burkholderia cepacia lipase. These optimized conditions broadened the substrate scope and improved the yields and ees of the obtained chlorohydrin acetates. The utility of the method was demonstrated in the synthesis of (S)-salbutamol.. In the second part of the thesis, DKR was utilized in the enantio-determining step of the total synthesis of (R)-duloxetine. Optimized DKR conditions, combining Bäckvalls catalyst together with Candida antarctica lipase B, afforded a β-cyano acetate in high yield and ee. (R)-Duloxetine was accessible through synthetic alterations of the enantioenriched β-cyano acetate in high overall ...
http://su.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:414208
RE: ORGLIST glycerol diglycidyl etherRE: ORGLIST glycerol diglycidyl ether
Title ethers, useful as diluents for epoxy resins, are purified by neutralizing crude H2O-sol. glycidyl ethers, prepd. from glycols or glycerins, with excess H3PO4 till pH in 50% aq. soln. reaches 4-4.5 followed by treatment with acid adsorbents. Treatment of diethylene glycol with epichlorohydrin in the presence of Et2O.BF3 at 30-50 gave a chlorohydrin ether, to which aq. NaOH was added dropwise at 20-30 over 30 min to give crude diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (I). I was stirred with an aq. H3PO4 at 75 for 1 h and the resulting cloudy mixt. was treated with Kyowaad 500SH [Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3.4H2O] (II) at 75 for 1 h to give I free of Na, which showed pH 7.1 (in 50% aq. soln.), WPE (wt. per epoxide) 149, and viscosity 23.0 cP, vs. 6.5, 149, and 23.0 cP., resp., for a control without treatment with II. After 6 mo. storage, I showed pH 7.3, WPE 152, and viscosity 23.2 cP, vs. 9.3, 158., and 24.4, resp., for the control, in which formation of gel was obsd. on a test piece. And in this ...
http://new.orglist.net/archive/msg05055.html
QC Results > propylene in...QC Results > propylene in...
A low-boiling flammable liquid, derived from the intermediate chlorohydrin, which is an important intermediate for the manufacture of polyglycols used for urethane foams and resins and ...
http://www.canadianbusinessdirectory.ca/historyqc_propylene.htm
Halohydrin Formation - Alkene Reaction MechanismHalohydrin Formation - Alkene Reaction Mechanism
When water attacks carbon, carbon lets go of the electrons binding it to bromine. (bromine wanted them anyway) thus breaking the bromonium bridge.. The attacking oxygen atom still has 2 bound hydrogen atoms for a total of 3 bonds and one lone pair. This results in an oxonium, or an oxygen atom with a positive formal charge.. Oxygen, an electronegative atom, is not thrilled with the positive charge and therefore pulls on the electrons binding it to hydrogen. This results in a slightly less positive oxygen, and a partially positive hydrogen atom.. Another water molecule in solution reaches out with one of its nucleophilic lone pairs to grab the partially positive hydrogen atom. The electrons break away and return to the oxygen giving it a second lone pair and neutral charge.. This resulting product is a halohydrin. If bromine you get a bromohydrin, if chlorine youll get a chlorohydrin.. How Markovnikovs Rule Factors In:. Recognize that at no point in this explanation did I mention a carbocation. ...
http://leah4sci.com/halohydrin-formation-alkene-reaction-mechanism/?replytocom=9558
Chlorine-containing natural compounds in higher plants<...Chlorine-containing natural compounds in higher plants<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Chlorine-containing natural compounds in higher plants. AU - Engvild, Kjeld Christensen. PY - 1986. Y1 - 1986. N2 - More than 130 chlorine-containing compounds have been isolated from higher plants and ferns; about half are polyacetylenes, thiophenes and sesquiterpene lactones from the Asteraceae. A chlorinated chlorophyll may be an important part of photosystem 1. High biological activity is found in 4-chloroindoleacetic acid from pea and in the cancerostatic maytansinoids. Many compounds are chlorohydrins isolated along with the related epoxides. Some compounds, like gibberellin A6 hydrochloride from bean, are perhaps artefacts.. AB - More than 130 chlorine-containing compounds have been isolated from higher plants and ferns; about half are polyacetylenes, thiophenes and sesquiterpene lactones from the Asteraceae. A chlorinated chlorophyll may be an important part of photosystem 1. High biological activity is found in 4-chloroindoleacetic acid from pea and in the cancerostatic ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/chlorine-containing-natural-compounds-in-higher-plants
EPICHLOROHYDRIN AMINE POLYMER - 化学云数据库EPICHLOROHYDRIN AMINE POLYMER - 化学云数据库
EPICHLOROHYDRIN AMINE POLYMER,CCD编号:CCD00153882,分子式:,分子量:0.0,同义词：EPICHLOROHYDRIN AMINE POLYMER; 分子结构,化学云数据库
http://cn.chemcd.com/product/CCD00153882.html
News about Epichlorohydrin Market Sales, Size, Share, Trends and Forecast 2021 | MedgadgetNews about Epichlorohydrin Market Sales, Size, Share, Trends and Forecast 2021 | Medgadget
Epichlorohydrin Market research report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Epichlorohydrin Industry. The Report provides a ba
https://www.medgadget.com/2017/01/news-about-epichlorohydrin-market-sales-size-share-trends-and-forecast-2021.html
Epichlorohydrin (ECH): 2017 World Market Outlook and Forecast up to 2027Epichlorohydrin (ECH): 2017 World Market Outlook and Forecast up to 2027
The report presents a comprehensive global epichlorohydrin market analysis based on quantitative and qualitative data from trustful sources. Industry experts
https://marketpublishers.com/report/industry/chemicals_petrochemicals/epichlorohydrin_ech_world_market_outlook_and_forecast.html
Epichlorohydrin - Guide to Hazardous Air Pollutants used by the Irish Air Corps - Air Corps Chemical Abuse SurvivorsEpichlorohydrin - Guide to Hazardous Air Pollutants used by the Irish Air Corps - Air Corps Chemical Abuse Survivors
EPA uses mathematical models, based on human and animal studies, to estimate the probability of a EPA uses mathematical models, based on human and animal studies, to estimate the probability of a person developing cancer from breathing air containing a specified concentration of a chemical. EPA calculated an inhalation unit risk estimate of 1.2 × 10-6 (µg/m3)-1. EPA estimates that, if an individual were to continuously breathe air containing epichlorohydrin at an average of 0.8 µg/m3 (0.0008 mg/m3) over hisor her entire lifetime, that person would theoretically have no more than a one-in-a-million increasedchance of developing cancer as a direct result of breathing air containing this chemical. Similarly, EPA estimates that breathing air containing 8.0 µg/m3 (0.008 mg/m3) would result in not greater than a one in-a-hundred thousand increased chance of developing cancer, and air containing 80.0 µg/m3 (0.08mg/m3) would result in not greater than a one-in-ten thousand increased chance of ...
http://www.accas.info/?p=1621?shared=email&msg=fail
ChemIDplus - 84067-06-1 - Phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, reaction products with epichlorohydrin - Searchable synonyms,...ChemIDplus - 84067-06-1 - Phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, reaction products with epichlorohydrin - Searchable synonyms,...
84067-06-1 - Phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, reaction products with epichlorohydrin - Searchable synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information.
https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/84067-06-1
Jlp Corporation - Epichlorohydrin Manufacturer from Korea, Republic ofJlp Corporation - Epichlorohydrin Manufacturer from Korea, Republic of
Send Inquiry to Jlp Corporation - We are leading Manufacturer of Epichlorohydrin, Fine Chemical from .Seoul, Korea. Korea, Republic of.
http://www.indianyellowpages.com/jlp-corporation/
China Epichlorohydrin Resin Industry 2015 Market RChina Epichlorohydrin Resin Industry 2015 Market R
The China Epichlorohydrin Resin Industry 2015 Market Research Report is a professional and in-depth st - Market Research Reports and Industry Analysis
https://www.bharatbook.com/materials-chemicals-market-research-reports-713619/china-epichlorohydrin-resin1.html
Epichlorohydrin Resin Market Research Methodology and Outlook Trends 2017 to 2022Epichlorohydrin Resin Market Research Methodology and Outlook Trends 2017 to 2022
Inquire for Epichlorohydrin Resin Market Competitive Analysis, Trends and Forecast till 2022, with free sample copy of the report.
http://technopow.com/index.php/2017/09/08/epichlorohydrin-resin-market/
EPICHLOROHYDRINEPICHLOROHYDRIN
| Temelleri 1940l y llara dayanan Acar Kimya, kimyevi hammadde ithalat , ihracat ve pazarlamas yapmaktad r. Firmam z, m teri talepleri do rultusunda fason retim, dan manl k hizmeti ve teknik destek hizmeti de vermektedir.
http://acarchemicals.com/sayfalar.asp?LanguageID=2&cid=3&id=8&id2=4162
Patent US4024311 - Electroconductive paper coating - Google PatentsPatent US4024311 - Electroconductive paper coating - Google Patents
Reaction products between monomeric epichlorohydrin and a tertiary amine when applied to the surface of a substrate, such as paper, produce an electroconductive surface useful in electrographic image reproduction. Both a coated paper product and a process of producing it are provided.
http://www.google.co.uk/patents/US4024311
ECTEOLA-CelluloseECTEOLA-Cellulose
Literature References: Anion-exchange material prepd from cellulose, epichlorohydrin, and triethanolamine: Peterson, Sober, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 751 (1956); Veder, J. Chromatogr. 10, 507 (1963). ...
https://www.drugfuture.com/chemdata/ECTEOLA-Cellulose.html
Occupational exposure to ethylene dichloride (1,2 dichloroethane)Occupational exposure to ethylene dichloride (1,2 dichloroethane)
NIOSH considers the evidence of carcinogenicity of ethylene dichloride reported by the National Cancer Institute to be conclusive in two mammalian species (the rat and the mouse). Since ethylene dichloride causes progressive, malignant disease of various organs in two species of animals, NIOSH recommends that ethylene dichloride be considered carcinogenic in man. Therefore, because it is not presently possible to establish an exposure level at which ethylene dichloride may be regarded to be without risk, NIOSH recommends that exposure to ethylene dichloride be kept as low as feasible. The use of ethylene dichloride as a solvent, diluent, or fumigant in open operations should be prohibited. Product substitution should be a paramount consideration, and wherever ethylene dichloride is identified or its presence suspected, it should be replaced by a less harmful substitute. - NIOSHTIC-2 NIOSHTIC no. 20000298 ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/19426
2016 Global and Chinese (R)-(-)-Epichlorohydrin Industry Market Research Report : ReportsnReports2016 Global and Chinese (R)-(-)-Epichlorohydrin Industry Market Research Report : ReportsnReports
[150 Pages Report] Check for Discount on 2016 Global and Chinese (R)-(-)-Epichlorohydrin Industry Market Research Report report by Prof Research. The Global and Chinese (R)-(-)-Epichlorohydrin Industry, 2011-2021 Market...
http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/691598-2016-global-and-chinese-r-epichlorohydrin-industry-market-research-report.html
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20000304 - Current intelligence bulletin 25 - ethylene dichloride.NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20000304 - Current intelligence bulletin 25 - ethylene dichloride.
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that as a prudent measure, ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane) be handled in the workplace as if it were a human carcinogen. This recommendation is based primarily upon an analysis of National Cancer Institute (NCI) data indicating that laboratory rats and mice fed ethylene dichloride experienced a statistically sign
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/20000304.html
ChemIDplus - 68038-22-2 - Fatty acids, tall-oil, polymers with bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin and rosin - Searchable synonyms,...ChemIDplus - 68038-22-2 - Fatty acids, tall-oil, polymers with bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin and rosin - Searchable synonyms,...
68038-22-2 - Fatty acids, tall-oil, polymers with bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin and rosin - Searchable synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information.
https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/68038-22-2
China Epichlorohydrin, China Titanium tetrachloride, China Epihydrin, Products Catalog1China Epichlorohydrin, China Titanium tetrachloride, China Epihydrin, Products Catalog1
We,China Suppliers & China Manufacturers, provide our Products catalog2: China Epichlorohydrin, China Titanium tetrachloride, China Epihydrin
http://chemnet.com/ChinaSuppliers/15414/Products-Catalog--1.html
Japan Epichlorohydrin Resin Industry 2016 Deep Market Research ReportJapan Epichlorohydrin Resin Industry 2016 Deep Market Research Report
The report focuses on Japan major leading industry players providing information such as company profiles, product picture and specification, capacity, production, price, cost, revenue and contact information. Upstream raw materials and equipment and downstream demand analysis is also carried out. The Epichlorohydrin Resin industry development trends and marketing channels are analyzed. Finally the feasibility of new investment projects are assessed and overall research conclusions offered ...
https://www.bigmarketresearch.com/japan-epichlorohydrin-resin-industry-deep-research-report-market
Chemical Database: 2-Chloroethanol (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)Chemical Database: 2-Chloroethanol (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)
This page contains information on the chemical 2-Chloroethanol including: 43 synonyms/identifiers; U.S. Code of Federal Regulations Title 49 Section 172 shipping regulations and proper shipping name; USDOT 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook initial response information.
https://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/chemicals/cn/2-Chloroethanol.html
Plus itPlus it
A comprehensive disposition and metabolism study of epichlorohydrin (ECH) has not been previously reported. In this study, male Fischer 344 rats were dosed (6 mg/kg) orally with [2-14C]ECH (98% radiochemically pure) as an aqueous solution and killed after 3 days. Approximately 38% of the radioactive dose was exhaled as CO2, 50% was excreted as metabolites in the urine, and 3% was present in the feces. Radioactivity in tissues accounted for the remainder of the administered dose. When expressed per gram of tissue, radioactivity was highest in liver, kidney, and forestomach. The half-life of initial elimination of radioactivity in both the urine and exhaled air was about 2 hr, indicating that ECH was rapidly absorbed and metabolized. The major metabolites in the urine were identified as N-acetyl-S-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine and alpha-chlorohydrin, about 36 and 4% of the administered dose, respectively. Finding these metabolites, which have not been previously reported, is consistent ...
https://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/13/3/333
2-chloroethanol - Registration Dossier - ECHA2-chloroethanol - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice ...
https://echa.europa.eu/nl/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/19389/3/1/3
EDC - Ethylene Dichloride Intermediate Feedstock | Westlake ChemicalEDC - Ethylene Dichloride Intermediate Feedstock | Westlake Chemical
SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [PrimaryTicker] => Yes [DisplayInDropdown] => Yes [SecurityID] => 31597 [Company] => Westlake Chemical Corp. [Ticker] => WLK [DisplayTicker] => WLK [Exchange] => NYSE [Currency] => US Dollar [CurrencyLabel] => $ [CurrencyLabelSuffix] => [Type] => COMPANY [Class] => Common Stock ) [Date] => Dec 8 2017 4:00PM [Trade] => 99.78 [Change] => 0.41 [Bid] => 99.78 [Ask] => 99.79 [BidSize] => N/A [AskSize] => N/A [High] => 100.70 [Low] => 99.24 [Volume] => 590338 [Open] => 100.02 [PreviousClose] => 99.37 [FiftyTwoWeekHigh] => 99.71 [FiftyTwoWeekHighDate] => N/A [FiftyTwoWeekLow] => 55.83 [FiftyTwoWeekLowDate] => N/A [PERatio] => 21.5974 [MarketCap] => 12882341062.00 [SharesOutstanding] => 129107447 [RollingEPS] => 4.62 [DataProviderInfo] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [DataProvider] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [Name] => Edgar [Key] => 03NA000000WLK ...
http://www.westlakechemical.com/fr/edc-ethylene-dichloride-intermediate-feedstock
MWRA - MWRA Ready for New EPA Drinking Water RegulationsMWRA - MWRA Ready for New EPA Drinking Water Regulations
Acrylamide and Epichlorohydrin are used by some treatment plants as water coagulation agents. EPA currently regulates the amount of these chemicals used by those plants rather than requiring testing for them. MWRA doesnt use either of these treatment chemicals, and therefore would not expect to find these compounds in its water supply ...
http://www.mwra.com/01news/2010/032410-eparegs.htm
Anion active resins and processes of producing same - AMERICAN CYANAMID COAnion active resins and processes of producing same - AMERICAN CYANAMID CO
This invention relates to resins suitable for the removal of anions from fluid media and to processes of purifying fluid media by means of such resins. Epichlorohydrin has previously been condensed w
https://www.freepatentsonline.com/2469683.html
Comparison of the mutagenic potency of 2-chloroethanol, 2-bromoethanol by A G. Knaap, C E. Voogd et al.Comparison of the mutagenic potency of 2-chloroethanol, 2-bromoethanol by A G. Knaap, C E. Voogd et al.
Knaap, A G.; Voogd, C E.; and Kramers, P G., Comparison of the mutagenic potency of 2-chloroethanol, 2-bromoethanol, 1,2-epoxybutane, epichlorohydrin and glycidaldehyde in klebsiella pneumoniae, drosophila melanogaster and l5178y mouse lymphoma cells. (1982). Subject Strain Bibliography 1982. 2537 ...
https://mouseion.jax.org/ssbb1982/2537/
Repositorio da Producao Cientifica e Intelectual da Unicamp: Blends of polyamide 6 and epichlorohydrin elastomers. I. Graft...Repositorio da Producao Cientifica e Intelectual da Unicamp: Blends of polyamide 6 and epichlorohydrin elastomers. I. Graft...
With the purpose of improving the mechanical properties of the polyamides, the possibility of combining polyamides with elastomers has been used. The low compatibility of the resulting blends leads to deficient mechanical properties, and therefore, it is necessary to add the compatibilizer to the mixture or to produce the compatibilizer during the melting mixture. Usually, at least one of the components must contain a reactive functional groups. In the present work, blends of polyamide 6 (PA 6) and epichlorohydrin elastomers, polyepichlorohydrin (PEPI), and the equimolar copolymer poly(epichlorohydrin-co-ethylene oxide), EGO, with different compositions were prepared by mechanical mixture using a Banbury-type mixer. The blends were characterized by rheological measurements, the Molau test, elemental analysis, Infrared Spectroscopy by Diffuse Reflectance, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and X-ray Diffractometry. The blends of PA 6 with PEPI and ECO are heterogeneous, showing a morphology of ...
http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/55765
Merit Badge Numbering System (BSA Advancement ID) - MeritBadgeDotOrgMerit Badge Numbering System (BSA Advancement ID) - MeritBadgeDotOrg
Like most things in Scouting, the BSA numbering system came about to fill a need. The need was to be able to chart a Scouts progress without having to write out the full names of merit badges in very small spaces. The first fourteen merit badges, numerically speaking, were the Eagle required merit badges at the time the numbering system originated. The Safety and Sports merit badges are no longer Eagle required while Family Life, Cycling, and Hiking have been added. The remainder of the badges are basically in alphabetical order with newer badges added at the end. This list also includes discontinued merit badges which were part of the numbering system. These merit badges are provided for reference purposes only. Current merit badges are linked to their requirements pages, discontinued merit badges are not linked. ...
http://meritbadge.org/wiki/index.php?title=Merit_Badge_Numbering_System_
How Pin badges Symbolize The Level Of Authority | Amazing Hub of Facts About LifeHow Pin badges Symbolize The Level Of Authority | Amazing Hub of Facts About Life
There are many reasons why we wear pin badges today. Sometime, we wear pin badges for an election campaign, for big events or in support for good cause like cancer, AIDS, etc. And, we use even for them brand marketing also. They are convenient and just about anything can be printed them, your message, promotional images and anything we wish for. Pin badges are attractive, eye-catching so, in that way they are best for your need. The overall design of pin badges totally depends upon your choice and need. Pin badges are basically buttons, which pin to your clothing without any trouble.. Why this product is still so popular?. This is a very common question that strikes the minds of those, who are directly or indirectly related with pin badges business. The popularity of pin badges has one simple reason attached to it attached to it; many people believe that many social organizations flourished with the use of pin badges as they advised their social campaign using the pin badges. Many Events and ...
http://www.amazinghub.net/how-pin-badges-symbolize-the-level-of-authority.hmtl
Cap Badges - Cap Badges Manufacturers and Cap Badges SuppliersCap Badges - Cap Badges Manufacturers and Cap Badges Suppliers
ALL Manufacturer of Cap Badges for Cap Badges, China Cap badges information resources . Cap badges Marketplace In Taiwan ,China and Asian Manufacturers,Help you to find more Manufacturers,Suppliers,Exporter,Agent,Global Cap badges buyers, Cap badges,Cap badges Factory.
http://www.twfta.com/manufacturer/268772/cap-badges.htm
Ethylene Dichloride Solvent PropertiesEthylene Dichloride Solvent Properties
Store in an area designed for flammable storage, or in an approved metal cabinet, away from direct sunlight, heat and sources of ignition. ...
http://macro.lsu.edu/HowTo/solvents/dcm.htm
All The Badges Of DEF CON 26 (vol 3) | HackadayAll The Badges Of DEF CON 26 (vol 3) | Hackaday
The Hack for Satan badge is one of the biggest full package offerings in #Badgelife. The badge design, the puzzles within, social hype around it, and the accouterments that came with it made this is an amazing undertaking.. There were 300 of these badges built, and they were delivered in a VHS cassette case. One of the most striking features is that all of the components are placed to enhance the overall design, which is a beautiful bit of matte black solder mask, white silk screen, and gold plate. For instance, there is a light-dependent resistor that appears as a ring on the hand. There are LEDs and resistors in lines and arcs to create the bling, but look on the horn and bridge of the Baphomets nose and youll find really interesting placement choices.. The badge features an Atmel touch controller to read the capacitive touch inputs on the glyph-filled circle. A PIC18F4520 drives the badge, with the help of 595 shift registers to manage the LEDs. The point of the badge is a puzzle ...
https://hackaday.com/2018/08/29/all-the-badges-of-def-con-26-vol-3/?replytocom=4948726
Professional and Innovative Oval name badge - Name Badges AustraliaProfessional and Innovative Oval name badge - Name Badges Australia
AJ Parkes offers a wide variety of high-quality Employee Name Badges, Staff Name Badges, School Name Badges, ID badges. These uniquely shaped Oval Name Badges are perfect for any business, Company, Bank, Conference, Corporate, Hotel and Restaurant, School, Hospital.
https://ajparkes.com.au/Name-Badges/Oval-Name-Badge/c29/
Full of Interesting Strangers - Rands in ReposeFull of Interesting Strangers - Rands in Repose
After a couple of misfires, the WWDC badge settled into a steady state semi-ginormous badge. The size was justified because one of the essential pieces of the badge was a conference schedule that you kept tucked in the back. In 2008 and 2009 the badge shrank - why? 2007 was when the iPhone arrived, which provided a far superior and dynamic platform for sharing conference information. Im assuming conference organizers realized there were now only two use cases for the badge: identification and social connection. This is the form factor Apple continues to use through WWDC 2013, and I would call this one the current best functional design for a badge.. A badge has heart. I included the Waza badge above because of its heart. Its not sturdy; their badge is comprised of three layers of paper and cardboard, which likely wont survive in my back pocket, but look at that badge. You likely have no idea what the Waza conference is, but does the badge give you the impression that they care? If you could ...
https://randsinrepose.com/archives/full-of-interesting-strangers/?replytocom=8095
Blue Badge applications | Access to InformationBlue Badge applications | Access to Information
During the year from 1st April 2015 to 31st March 2016, how many applicants for Blue Badges listed Chronic Dilated Cardiomyopathy amongst their reasons for requiring a Blue Badge?. Unfortunately it is not possible to answer this question without looking at each application to identify those which mention Chronic Dilated Cardiomyopathy - including the 16669 which were processed and the 784 which were not. The condition is one of many which be mentioned as free text in a form of four or five pages. We have estimated that it would take approximately five minutes to identify, find, open and read each application so as the total time necessary would be way in excess of the 18 hour limit specified by Section 12 of the Freedom of Information Act the information requested is exempt.. Of the applicants listing Chronic Dilated Cardiomyopathy amongst their reasons for requiring a Blue Badge, how many were issued or reissued with a Blue badge without being required to undergo an assessment, and how many ...
https://new.devon.gov.uk/accesstoinformation/archives/infomation_request/blue-badge-applications
What Its Like on the Inside: Badges? We dont need no stinking badges!What Its Like on the Inside: Badges? We dont need no stinking badges!
I think educators need some options, too. Is there a procrastination badge for papers youve put off marking until the end of the grading period? Perhaps the keen ability to teach class after only a couple of hours of sleep. For secondary social studies teachers, perhaps a Just push play. badge to recognize showing videos each week. Should there be a badge for working with inhuman admins/secretaries/colleagues? Maybe one for parents or a classroom of ADHD kids? How about a mimeograph machine to commemorate those of us who used to sniff those lovely purple inked sheets ...
http://blog.whatitslikeontheinside.com/2007/02/badges-we-dont-need-no-stinking-badges.html?showComment=1172437500000
Hearthwitch Cottage: December 2010Hearthwitch Cottage: December 2010
You could of course cheat and buy these Pukka Herbs 3 ginger teabags. They are lovely, but pricey and I find there is something off about treating the body to some healing, natural goodness if it comes in a tea-bag which has been made most unnaturally (possibly with a chemical called epichlorohydrin, a compound also used in insecticides, which when combined with water creates a chemical called 3-MCPD, a known cancer causing agent). ...
http://hearthwitch-cottage.blogspot.com/2010_12_01_archive.html
Badge Harvest - DiversityJobs.comBadge Harvest - DiversityJobs.com
DiversityJobs.com Badge: Alzheimer���sAssociation --, ,a href=https://www.diversityjobs.com/alzheimers-association?utm_campaign=TopEmployer&utm_medium=badge&utm_source=Alzheimer���sAssociation, ,img src=https://www.diversityjobs.com/wp-content/uploads/TopEmployer2021-300px.png width=250 alt=DiversityJobs.com Top Employer title=DiversityJobs.com Top Employer /,,/a, ,!-- END DiversityJobs.com Badge ...
https://www.diversityjobs.com/badge-harvest/?profileURL=https://www.diversityjobs.com/alzheimers-association&coName=Alzheimer%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BDsAssociation&TJstatus=1
Lot 132 - RUSSIAN NAVAL MECHANIC BADGE | Fairhill AuctionLot 132 - RUSSIAN NAVAL MECHANIC BADGE | Fairhill Auction
RUSSIAN NAVAL MECHANIC BADGE Russian Naval Mechanic Badge, Mechanic 1st Category, uniform badge. Brass, screw back. Undated and unmarked, as-is.
https://www.fairhillauction.com/auction/august-2021/lot-132-russian-naval-mechanic-badge-3/
ARISTO-Metal Bridge - Metal Badges | School Badges | Corporate Badges | NameplatesARISTO-Metal Bridge - Metal Badges | School Badges | Corporate Badges | Nameplates
Just send us details about your product requirements and we will make you some sample design ideas on how your end product will look like.. ...
https://metalbadges.in/index.php/product/aristo-metal-bridge/
Name BadgeName Badge
View our range of products in Name Badge. These include Name badge & card holder Sovereign p/c, Name plate Rexel clear plastic 95x56mm
https://www.ssapl.com.au/category/2694-name-badge
Merit Badges from Disorderly GoodsMerit Badges from Disorderly Goods
Youre never too old to give or receive a merit badge from Disorderly Goods. Have a think about if any of your friends or family (or even yourself) might deserve a little bit of recognition for any outstanding behavior and then choose the appropriate badge for commemoration. Or, go all-out and get the 16 pack for $92.50 ...
http://www.betterlivingthroughdesign.com/personal/merit-badges-from-disorderly-goods/
Blue Badge - dialysis hacksBlue Badge - dialysis hacks
Even if you do not have any of the above, you can still apply if you have a substantial disability likely to last longer than 12 months - you can get evidence of this from your GP, nurse of consultant however if you do use this option it is likely that your local authority will send you to one of their doctors for a quick assessment. I have not been on this sort of assessment so can not tell you what it is or how it goes - if anyone reading this has, please let us know via the comments box below. Once you have the blue badge it will help with the tiredness as you'll be able to park on single or double yellow lines (for no longer than 3 hours) or within disabled bags; which are always closer - rather than having to find a car parking space and walking.. The badge also allows you to forgo some road fees e.g. The Second Seventh Bridge toll or the London Conjestion Charge (however you do have to apply for this one) - there might be others near you. Have a google! These are good incentives for ...
http://www.dialysishacks.co.uk/dialysis/benefits-blue-badge/
WW1 RNAS (Royal Naval Air Service) Officers Cap Badge Eagle New ConditionWW1 RNAS (Royal Naval Air Service) Officers Cap Badge Eagle New Condition
Very high quality RNAS Officers Pilots eagle badge made from solid brass and marked LONDON on the reverse. This badge, is taken from an original private purchase eagle and is in brand new condition.
https://www.warhats.com/store/p893/WRNAS-Royal-Naval-Air-Service-Officers-Cap-Badge-Brass-Eagle-New.html
BLF balloon pin badge | British Lung FoundationBLF balloon pin badge | British Lung Foundation
Raise awareness of the British Lung Foundation by wearing our official pin badge. Featuring our iconic red balloon, these cheerful metal badges fasten with a butterfly clasp. Perfect for pinning to a lapel, a hat or anything else you can think of! Size: 1.4cm x 1.8cm All profits will go directly to our charitable work.
https://shop.blf.org.uk/collections/lifestyle/products/blf-balloon-pin-badge
concrete plant logo vectorconcrete plant logo vector
Jun 14, 2019 · Are you looking for free badges for your design? This post is all about Free Badges Vector & PSD you can either use them it in your website/ print designs.Badges are ornamental elements in website designing; they are usually used to express the quality/reliability of a product or a service.. You can see 100+ free badges below for free; all of these badges are in different styles and they are .... Learn More ...
https://www.bioonline.pl/11225-1eea80148d48.html
Bespoke Badges - 13 x UK Companies - Page 1Bespoke Badges - 13 x UK Companies - Page 1
Find 13 Bespoke Badges UK Companies on Businessmagnet. Get contact details, compile quote requests, browse product pictures and make contact
https://www.businessmagnet.co.uk/product/bespokebadges.htm
Global Digital Badges in Education Sector to Post 29.41% CAGR to 2020, Says Infiniti Research in In-demand Report Available at...Global Digital Badges in Education Sector to Post 29.41% CAGR to 2020, Says Infiniti Research in In-demand Report Available at...
LONDON – Digital badges are online representation of skills earned in an education environment. In the education domain, they are mainly exploited as proof of proficiency of as tools of motivation. Badging systems in the education area are mean...
https://marketpublishers.com/lists/20370/news.html
Pages that link to Badge Market/Ghirahim/Attack - Zelda Dungeon WikiPages that link to Badge Market/Ghirahim/Attack - Zelda Dungeon Wiki
The following pages link to Badge Market/Ghirahim/Attack: Displayed 1 item. View (previous 50 , next 50) (20 , 50 , 100 , 250 , 500) ...
https://www.zeldadungeon.net/wiki/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Badge_Market/Ghirahim/Attack&hidelinks=1
2012 Badges Are Here! | The Daily Post2012 Badges Are Here! | The Daily Post
Are you planning to post every day, or at least every week of 2012? Add a Post a Day or Post a Week badge to your sidebar! (Find image widget instructions here.) Be sure to have the image link back to https://wordpress.com/dailypost to help spread the word about the challenge! We apologize that these werent…
https://wordpress.com/dailypost/2012/01/30/2012-badges-are-here/
SIX MASONIC AND FRATERNAL BADGES, FOB & LAPEL PINSIX MASONIC AND FRATERNAL BADGES, FOB & LAPEL PIN
Lot: SIX MASONIC AND FRATERNAL BADGES, FOB & LAPEL PIN, Lot Number: 0119, Starting Bid: $20, Auctioneer: Soulis Auctions, Auction: Wayne Baldwin Estate Auction Number Five, Date: May 7th, 2011 UTC
https://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/9020826_six-masonic-and-fraternal-badges-fob-and-lapel-pin
Sporcle Badge: Age of the AncientsSporcle Badge: Age of the Ancients
Earn the Age of the Ancients Badge today! Collect as many as you can and show your trivia expertise on Sporcle where youll find thousands of quizzes about geography, movies, science and more...
https://www.sporcle.com/achievements/badges/age-of-the-ancients
Neurosurgical Products - Pipeline Review, 2015Neurosurgical Products - Pipeline Review, 2015
a href=http://www.brandbacker.com title=BrandBacker Member alt=BrandBacker Member target=_blank,,img src=http://images.brandbacker.com/badges/no_badge.png,,/a,. ...
http://blog.hospitals-management.com/neurosurgery/
Shortcodes Labels & Badges - Hilal Technology - Engineering Solutions ProviderShortcodes Labels & Badges - Hilal Technology - Engineering Solutions Provider
If you have any questions about what we offer for consumers or for business, you can always email us or call us. Well reply within 24 hours.. ...
https://hilaltechnology.com/shortcodes-labels-badges/
Issue #253: Attending the Fedora Docs FAD 2014 - fedora-badges - Pagure.ioIssue #253: Attending the Fedora Docs FAD 2014 - fedora-badges - Pagure.io
All pushed out: https://badges.fedoraproject.org/badge/fedora-docs-fad-2014. immanetize has been authorized to hand it out. If that should be someone else instead, just let me know. ...
https://pagure.io/Fedora-Badges/issue/253
Nature - MeritBadgeDotOrgNature - MeritBadgeDotOrg
In most cases all specimens should be returned to the wild at the location of original capture after the requirements have been met. Check with your merit badge counselor for those instances where the return of these specimens would not be appropriate ...
http://www.meritbadge.org/wiki/index.php?title=Nature&diff=prev&oldid=25369
ellesse Napolita Shorts | Fashion Worldellesse Napolita Shorts | Fashion World
These Shorts from Ellesse are a key summer piece. A casual look is enhanced by dual badges and a drawcord. Pair with a tee, vest or a polo to complete the look.
https://www.fashionworld.co.uk/shop/ellesse-napolita-shorts/fv119/product/details/show.action?pdBoUid=4015&optionColour=Navy&pdpClick=true
Issue #246: IRC Support SIG member bagde - fedora-badges - Pagure.ioIssue #246: IRC Support SIG member bagde - fedora-badges - Pagure.io
This is super easy to implement. We can copy/paste one of the badge definitions for other FAS groups and we also need to add it to the award-oldschool-badges cronjob in our ansible repo (easy). ...
https://pagure.io/Fedora-Badges/issue/246
2-Chloroethanol2-Chloroethanol
... is a chemical compound with the formula HOCH2CH2Cl and the simplest chlorohydrin. This colorless liquid has a ... 0268". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). "Ethylene chlorohydrin". Immediately Dangerous to Life or ... "Chlorohydrins". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_565.pub2. Butler ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Chloroethanol
HalohydrinHalohydrin
Megatons of some chlorohydrins, e.g. propylene chlorohydrin, are produced annually as precursors to polymers. Halohydrins may ... The chemical equation for the conversion of ethylene to ethylene chlorohydrin is: H2C=CH2 + Cl2 + H2O → H2(OH)C-CH2Cl + HCl ... This reaction is produced on an industrial scale for the production of chlorohydrin precursors to two important epoxides, ... Liu, Gordon Y. T.; Richey, W. Frank; Betso, Joanne E.; Hughes, Brian; Klapacz, Joanna; Lindner, Joerg (2014). "Chlorohydrins". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halohydrin
1,4-Butane sultone1,4-Butane sultone
"Tetramethylene chlorohydrin". Organic Syntheses. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.017.0084. EP 0222970, W. Hünicke, R. Gauglitz, " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,4-Butane_sultone
Hypochlorous acidHypochlorous acid
Disruption could occur if enough chlorohydrin is formed. The addition of preformed chlorohydrin to red blood cells can affect ... Cholesterol chlorohydrin have also been observed, but do not greatly affect permeability, and it is believed that Cl2 is ... When chlorohydrin formation occurs in lipid bilayers of red blood cells, increased permeability occurs. ... Winterbourn, CC; Van Den Berg, JJ; Roitman, E; Kuypers, FA (1992). "Chlorohydrin formation from unsaturated fatty acids reacted ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypochlorous_acid
ChloropropanolChloropropanol
... s are chlorohydrins related to propanols containing chloride functional group. Eight isomers are possible. Two of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloropropanol
Chromium(II) acetateChromium(II) acetate
It has been used to dehalogenate organic compounds such as α-bromoketones and chlorohydrins. The reactions appear to proceed ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium(II)_acetate
Ethylene glycol dinitrateEthylene glycol dinitrate
4) Preparation of NGc by method of Messing from ethylene through chlorohydrin & ethylene oxide. 5) Preparation of NGc by duPont ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_glycol_dinitrate
Ethylene glycolEthylene glycol
In the United States, semicommercial production of ethylene glycol via ethylene chlorohydrin started in 1917. The first large- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_glycol
Wacker processWacker process
High concentrations of chloride and copper(II) chloride favor formation of a new product, chlorohydrin. Many mechanistic ... Yet, experiments by Stangl and Jira found chlorohydrin formation was dependent on copper chloride concentrations. Work by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wacker_process
EpoxideEpoxide
Starting with propylene chlorohydrin, most of the world's supply of propylene oxide arises via this route. An intramolecular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxide
EpoxideEpoxide
The precursor compounds are called halohydrins.[18] Starting with propylene chlorohydrin, most of the world's supply of ... Epichlorohydrin, is prepared by the chlorohydrin method. It is a precursor in the production of epoxy resins.[17] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxidation
Chlorosulfuric acidChlorosulfuric acid
... is a tetrahedral molecule. The formula is more descriptively written SO2(OH)Cl, but HSO3Cl is traditional. It is an intermediate, chemically and conceptually, between sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).[3] The compound is rarely obtained pure. Upon standing with excess sulfur trioxide, it decomposes to pyrosulfuryl chlorides:[4] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorosulfuric_acid
Propylene oxidePropylene oxide
In 2005, about half of the world production was through chlorohydrin technology and one half via oxidation routes. The latter ... The traditional route proceeds via the conversion of propene to propylene chlorohydrin according to the following simplified ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylene_oxide
Hypochlorous acidHypochlorous acid
Disruption could occur if enough chlorohydrin is formed.[18][24] The addition of preformed chlorohydrin to red blood cells can ... In organic synthesis, HClO converts alkenes to chlorohydrins.[5]. *In biology, hypochlorous acid is generated in activated ... The resulting compound is a chlorohydrin.[18] The polar chlorine disrupts lipid bilayers and could increase permeability.[19] ... Winterbourn, CC; Van Den Berg, JJ; Roitman, E; Kuypers, FA (1992). "Chlorohydrin formation from unsaturated fatty acids reacted ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypochlorous_acid
Ralph LandauRalph Landau
... and produced a purer product with fewer by-products than competing chlorohydrin processes. They also developed a novel fixed- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Landau
3-MCPD3-MCPD
Edwards, Elizabeth M.; Jones, A. R.; Waites, G. M. H. (May 1975). "The entry of alpha-chlorohydrin into body fluids of male ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-MCPD
DiethylethanolamineDiethylethanolamine
2NCH2CH2OH It is also possible to prepare it by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene chlorohydrin. Diethylethanolamine is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethylethanolamine
DehydrohalogenationDehydrohalogenation
Chlorohydrins, compounds with the connectivity R(HO)CH-CH(Cl)R', undergo dehydrochlorination to give epoxides. This reaction is ... employed industrially to produce millions of tons of propylene oxide annually from propylene chlorohydrin:[3] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydrochlorination
Dynamic kinetic resolution in asymmetric synthesisDynamic kinetic resolution in asymmetric synthesis
The key step that the literature points out utilizes DKR to convert the chlorohydrin into the (S)-acetate by means of a lipase ... The enzyme, along with the ruthenium catalyst, allows for rapid racemization of the chlorohydrin with a selective binding to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_kinetic_resolution_in_asymmetric_synthesis
Percy Lavon JulianPercy Lavon Julian
Process for the manufacture of steroid chlorohydrins; with Arnold Lippert Hirsch On the Progenitors of Certain Plant Alkaloids ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Lavon_Julian
Sterilization (microbiology)Sterilization (microbiology)
... to remove EO residues and lower by-products such as ethylene chlorohydrin (EC or ECH) and, of lesser importance, ethylene ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)
2,3-Epoxybutane2,3-Epoxybutane
... is prepared from 2-butene via the chlorohydrin: CH3CH=CHCH3 + HOCl → CH3CH(OH)CH(Cl)CH3 CH3CH(OH)CH(Cl)CH3 → ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,3-Epoxybutane
Propylene chlorohydrinPropylene chlorohydrin
... usually refers to the organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CH2Cl. A related compound, an isomer, ... They are classified as chlorohydrins. Both are generated on a large scale as intermediates in the production of propylene oxide ... Gordon Y. T. Liu, W. Frank Richey, Joanne E. Betso, Brian Hughes, Joanna Klapacz, and Joerg Lindner "Chlorohydrins" in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylene_chlorohydrin
Ethylene chlorohydrin (2005-110) | NIOSH | CDCEthylene chlorohydrin (2005-110) | NIOSH | CDC
Ethylene chlorohydrin. CAS No: 107-07-3. NOTE:. (1) Efficacy of Medical Tests has not been evaluated.. (2) NIOSH references ... Ethylene chlorohydrin. Editor(s). /Author(s). Specific Medical Test(s) or Examination(s). Reference(s). ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-110/nmed0101.html
Propylene chlorohydrin - WikipediaPropylene chlorohydrin - Wikipedia
Propylene chlorohydrin usually refers to the organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CH2Cl. A related compound, an isomer, ... They are classified as chlorohydrins. Both are generated on a large scale as intermediates in the production of propylene oxide ... Gordon Y. T. Liu, W. Frank Richey, Joanne E. Betso, Brian Hughes, Joanna Klapacz, and Joerg Lindner "Chlorohydrins" in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylene_chlorohydrin
Nomination Summary for 2-Chloroethanol (ethylene chlorohydrin) (N75314)Nomination Summary for 2-Chloroethanol (ethylene chlorohydrin) (N75314)
... Nomination Summary for 2-Chloroethanol (ethylene ...
https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/noms/search/summary/nm-n75314.html
Studies of possible atherogenic effects of phospholipid chlorohydrins - StrathprintsStudies of possible atherogenic effects of phospholipid chlorohydrins - Strathprints
This paper discusses the studies of possible atherogenic effects of phospholipid chlorohydrins. it was presented at the BSCR ... atherogenic effects, phospholipid chlorohydrins, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine. Subjects: ... Studies of possible atherogenic effects of phospholipid chlorohydrins. Heart, 91 (7). ISSN 1468-201X ...
https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/17283/
96-24-2 - (±)-3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol, 98% - alpha-Chlorohydrin - alpha-Glycerol chlorohydrin - A16143 - Alfa Aesar96-24-2 - (±)-3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol, 98% - alpha-Chlorohydrin - alpha-Glycerol chlorohydrin - A16143 - Alfa Aesar
Sicherheitshinweise: P201-P261-P301+P310a-P305+P351+P338-P405-P501a Obtain special instructions before use. Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Store locked up. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. ...
https://www.alfa.com/de/catalog/A16143/
PROCESS FOR REDUCING PROPYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN IN HYDROXYPROPYLATED PRODUCTS - CORN PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENT, INC.PROCESS FOR REDUCING PROPYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN IN HYDROXYPROPYLATED PRODUCTS - CORN PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENT, INC.
... the slurry while at pH around 10 to make a hydroxypropylated/crosslinked starch having less than 1 ppm propylene chlorohydrin. ... A method of reducing the amount propylene chlorohydrin produced in a reaction to make a hydroxypropylated/crosslinked starch ... having a propylene chlorohydrin level of less than 1 ppm comprising: a) adding an acid to a slurry comprising a ... 0031] Propylene chlorohydrin mitigation was evaluated according to the processes depicted in Figure 2. For the control, ...
http://www.sumobrain.com/patents/wipo/Process-reducing-propylene-chlorohydrin-in/WO2018204334A1.html
Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion - StrathprintsFatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion - Strathprints
As HOCl can oxidize lipids to give chlorohydrins, we hypothesized that phospholipid chlorohydrins might have toxic and pro- ... Dever, G. and Wainwright, C.L. and Kennedy, S. and Spickett, C.M. (2006) Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell ... We have formed chlorohydrins from fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids) and from phospholipids (stearoyl-oleoyl ... Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins were found to deplete ATP levels in U937 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, ...
https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/17199/
2016 Ethylene chlorohydrin (CAS 107-07-3) Industry Market Report : ReportsnReports2016 Ethylene chlorohydrin (CAS 107-07-3) Industry Market Report : ReportsnReports
The Global and Chinese Ethylene chlorohydrin Industry, 2011-2021 Market... ... 150 Pages Report] Check for Discount on 2016 Ethylene chlorohydrin (CAS 107-07-3) Industry Market Report report by Prof ... 9.1 Ethylene chlorohydrin Industry News 9.2 Ethylene chlorohydrin Industry Development Challenges 9.3 Ethylene chlorohydrin ... 4.5 2011-2016 Chinese Import and Export of Ethylene chlorohydrin Chapter Five Market Status of Ethylene chlorohydrin Industry ...
http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/667187-2016-ethylene-chlorohydrin-cas-107-07-3-industry-market-report.html
Evaluation of a testicular sperm head counting technique using rats exposed to di methoxyethyl phthalate glycerol alpha mono...Evaluation of a testicular sperm head counting technique using rats exposed to di methoxyethyl phthalate glycerol alpha mono...
... of a testicular sperm head counting technique using rats exposed to di methoxyethyl phthalate glycerol alpha mono chlorohydrin ... The action of r alpha chlorohydrin and s alpha chlorohydrin and their metabolites on the metabolism of boar sperm. ... The effects of acute exposure of di methoxyethyl phthalate glycerol alpha mono chlorohydrin epi chlorohydrin formaldehyde and ... The antifertility action of alpha-chlorohydrin: enzyme inhibition by alpha-chlorohydrin phosphate. Experientia 34(10): 1267- ...
https://eurekamag.com/research/005/395/005395804.php
Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion.Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion.
As HOCl can oxidize lipids to give chlorohydrins, we hypothesized that phospholipid chlorohydrins might have toxic and pro- ... Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion.. View/. Open. Wainwright Acta Bio Pol ... We have formed chlorohydrins from fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids) and from phospholipids (stearoyl-oleoyl ... Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins were found to deplete ATP levels in U937 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, ...
https://openair.rgu.ac.uk/handle/10059/1236
Evaluating the Anti-Fertility Potential of α-Chlorohydrin on Testis and Spermatozoa in the Adult Male Wild Indian House Rat (<i...Evaluating the Anti-Fertility Potential of α-Chlorohydrin on Testis and Spermatozoa in the Adult Male Wild Indian House Rat (<i...
Palavras-chave: alpha-chlorohydrin, anti-fertility agents, cauda epididymis, Rattus rattus, spermatozoa, testis ... To examine the effects of α-chlorohydrin on testis and cauda epididymis in the male house rat (Rattus rattus), 24 adult male ... Group I rats were force-fed daily by intragastric intubation with α-chlorohydrin at a single dose of 1.0 mg/100 g body weight/d ... Evaluating the Anti-Fertility Potential of α-Chlorohydrin on Testis and Spermatozoa in the Adult Male Wild Indian House Rat ( ...
http://dl.begellhouse.com/pt/journals/0ff459a57a4c08d0,76aa57c972132785,731fe4b90fffa338.html
Chlorohydrins using Trichloroisocyanuric acidChlorohydrins using Trichloroisocyanuric acid
Chlorohydrins 2a-e; General Procedure 1. To a stirred solution of the alkene (10 mmol) in acetone-H2O (5:1, 30 mL), was added ... Trichloroisocyanuric Acid as a Cohalogenating Reagent: An Efficient Transformation of Alkenes into Chlorohydrins, beta- ... Re: Chlorohydrins using Trichloroisocyanuric acid « Reply #1 on: December 14, 2016, 04:19:35 PM » ... According to the table in the article, this method gave styrene chlorohydrin in 78% yeild. The other method in the article, ...
https://www.thevespiary.org/talk/index.php?topic=6856.msg45242900
No questions in Chlorohydrins - lookformedical.comNo questions in Chlorohydrins - lookformedical.com
Any of the compounds derived from a group of glycols or polyhydroxy alcohols by chlorine substitution for part of the hydroxyl groups. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
https://lookformedical.com/answers/en/questions/chemicals-and-drugs/organic-chemicals/alcohols/chlorohydrins
Effect of phosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins on human erythrocytes<...Effect of phosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins on human erythrocytes<...
Effect of phosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins on human erythrocytes. In: Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. 2010 ; Vol. 163, No. 7 ... Effect of phosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins on human erythrocytes. Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz, Fiona H Greig, Andrew R Pitt, ... Unilamellar chlorohydrin liposomes had a lower permeation coefficient for calcein than liposomes made of parent lipids. Flow ... Effect of phosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins on human erythrocytes. / Robaszkiewicz, Agnieszka; Greig, Fiona H; Pitt, Andrew R; ...
https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/effect-of-phosphatidylcholine-chlorohydrins-on-human-erythrocytes
WHO HQ Library catalog › Results of search for su:{alpha-Chlorohydrin}WHO HQ Library catalog › Results of search for 'su:{alpha-Chlorohydrin}'
Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: Colombo, Sri Lanka : University of Colombo, 2005Dissertation note: Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Colombo, 2005. Availability: Items available for loan: WHO HQ [Call number: WC 750 2005KY] (1). ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7Balpha-Chlorohydrin%7D
ChemIDplus - 26807-13-6 - SQPBDQRPUZEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N - alpha-Chlorohydrin-1-phosphate - Similar structures search, synonyms,...ChemIDplus - 26807-13-6 - SQPBDQRPUZEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N - alpha-Chlorohydrin-1-phosphate - Similar structures search, synonyms,...
... alpha-Chlorohydrin-1-phosphate - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. ... Substance Name: alpha-Chlorohydrin-1-phosphate. RN: 26807-13-6. UNII: K3VDS5322Z. InChIKey: SQPBDQRPUZEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N. Note. ...
https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/26807-13-6
Wiley Reference Works - Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry - Related TitlesWiley Reference Works - Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry - Related Titles
Chlorohydrins. Chlorophenols. Chlorophenoxyalkanoic Acids. Choline. Cinnamic Acid. Citric Acid. Cresols and Xylenols. ...
http://www.wiley.com/legacy/products/subject/reference/ullmanns_related.html
China Pvc Fittings Rubber, Pvc Fittings Rubber Manufacturers, Suppliers | Made-in-China.comChina Pvc Fittings Rubber, Pvc Fittings Rubber Manufacturers, Suppliers | Made-in-China.com
H65 Chlorohydrin Rubber for The Mixing Process FOB Price: US $ 1000-2000 / Ton. Min. Order: 1 Ton ...
https://www.made-in-china.com/products-search/hot-china-products/Pvc_Fittings_Rubber.html
Synthetic Rubber Factory, China Synthetic Rubber Factory Manufacturers & Suppliers | Made-in-China.comSynthetic Rubber Factory, China Synthetic Rubber Factory Manufacturers & Suppliers | Made-in-China.com
H65 Chlorohydrin Rubber for The Mixing Process FOB Price: $1000 - $2000 / Ton Min. Order: 1 Ton ...
http://www.made-in-china.com/products-search/hot-china-products/Synthetic_Rubber_Factory.html
Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards (81-123) | NIOSH | CDCOccupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards (81-123) | NIOSH | CDC
Ethylene chlorohydrin. 107-07-3. 0268.pdf pdf icon. No Revision. Ethylenediamine. 107-15-3. 0269.pdf pdf icon. No Revision. ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/81-123/default.html
Spermatotoxic effects of alpha-chlorohydrin in rats | Laboratory Animal Research;: 11-16, 2012. | WPRIMSpermatotoxic effects of alpha-chlorohydrin in rats | Laboratory Animal Research;: 11-16, 2012. | WPRIM
Spermatotoxic effects of alpha-chlorohydrin in rats / 한국실험동물학회지 Sung-Hwan KIM; In-Chul LEE; Jeong-Hyeon LIM; Changjong MOON; ... alpha-Chlorohydrin , Animals , Catalase , Epididymis , Glutathione , Glutathione Peroxidase , Humans , Incidence , Male , ... This study was conducted to investigate the potential effects of alpha-chlorohydrin (ACH) on epididymal function and ... Spermatotoxic effects of alpha-chlorohydrin in rats ...
https://search.bvsalud.org/gim/resource/en/wpr-52401
2-Chloroethanol - Wikipedia2-Chloroethanol - Wikipedia
2-Chloroethanol is a chemical compound with the formula HOCH2CH2Cl and the simplest chlorohydrin. This colorless liquid has a ... 0268". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). "Ethylene chlorohydrin". Immediately Dangerous to Life or ... "Chlorohydrins". Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_565.pub2. Butler ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Chloroethanol
Guidance on 510(k) Submissions for Keratoprostheses - Guidance for Industry and for FDA Reviewers/Staff | FDAGuidance on 510(k) Submissions for Keratoprostheses - Guidance for Industry and for FDA Reviewers/Staff | FDA
The ethylene chlorohydrin (ECH) residue in keratoprostheses should not exceed 2.0 µg ECH per device per day, not to exceed 5.0 ...
https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-510k-submissions-keratoprostheses-guidance-industry-and-fda-reviewersstaff
Wiley: Hydrocarbon Chemistry, 3rd Edition - George A. Olah, Arpad Molnar, G. K. Surya PrakashWiley: Hydrocarbon Chemistry, 3rd Edition - George A. Olah, Arpad Molnar, G. K. Surya Prakash
Ethylene Chlorohydrin 412. Propylene Chlorohydrin 412. Adiponitrile 412. Acrylonitrile 413. 6.3 Halogen Addition 413 ...
http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1119390532.html
Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS<...Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS<...
Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS. Free ... Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin ... Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS. / ... T1 - Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS ...
https://pureportal.strath.ac.uk/en/publications/phagocyte-oxidation-of-phospholipids-comparison-of-hydroperoxide-
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology | SpringerLinkReviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology | SpringerLink
Propylene chlorohydrins: toxicology, metabolism, and environmental fate Raymond S. H. Yang. Pages 47-59 ...
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-1-4613-8719-0
Indian Health Manual (IHM) - HomeIndian Health Manual (IHM) - Home
ETHYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN. DINITRO-0-CRESOL ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE. 3,5-DINITRO-0-TOLUAMIDE ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE. ...
https://www.ihs.gov/IHM/index.cfm?module=dsp_ihm_circ_main&circ=ihm_circ_9402_apx_942e
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical HazardsNIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
Ethylene chlorohydrin CAS 107-07-3 CH2ClCH2OH RTECS KK0875000 ...
http://www.brown.edu/Administration/EHS/resources/NPG/npgd0268.htm
Category:Organochlorides - Wikimedia CommonsCategory:Organochlorides - Wikimedia Commons
Alpha-chlorohydrin-3D-balls.png 1,000 × 610; 146 KB. *. Alpha-Chlorohydrin.svg 338 × 160; 5 KB. ...
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Organochlorides
Frontiers | Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Protects against 1,3-Dichloro-2-Propanol-Induced Reduction of Progesterone by Up-regulation...Frontiers | Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Protects against 1,3-Dichloro-2-Propanol-Induced Reduction of Progesterone by Up-regulation...
Edwards, E. M., Jones, A. R., and Waites, G. M. (1975). The entry of alpha-chlorohydrin into body fluids of male rats and its ... Velisek, J., Davidek, J., Hajslova, J., Kubelka, V., Janicek, G., and Mankova, B. (1978). Chlorohydrins in protein hydrolysates ... and their metabolites alpha-chlorohydrin and epichlorohydrin, and the potent testicular toxicant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane. ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2016.00399/full
PropyleneGlycolEthylene oxidePhospholipid chlorohydrinsPhosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins2016AlkenesRatsReactionLipidsSpermatotoxicityEstersSpermatogenesisOxidationEffectsEINECSAmountsEpoxidesChemicalGiveStatusFormationArticlePotentialActivityAdditionStudy
Propylene7
  • Propylene chlorohydrin usually refers to the organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CH2Cl. (wikipedia.org)
  • A method of reducing the amount propylene chlorohydrin produced in a reaction to make a hydroxypropylated/crosslinked starch comprising removing residual propylene oxide from alkaline slurry. (sumobrain.com)
  • The starch is then neutralized in an acid solution and recovered from the second slurry and may or may not be washed, depending on whether the slurry while at pH around 10 to make a hydroxypropylated/crosslinked starch having less than 1 ppm propylene chlorohydrin. (sumobrain.com)
  • Propylene oxide (C3H6O), also called epoxypropane, is a synthetic cyclic ether generally manufactured by the indirect oxidation of propylene or the dehydrochlorination of propylene chlorohydrin. (comunicati.net)
  • Note: Propylene chlorohydrins (PCH) are present as 2 isomers namely: 1-chloro-2-propanol (1C2P) and 2-chloro-1-propanol (2C1P). (cybercolloids.net)
  • Stock Standard Solution #1 (1mg/ml): Weigh 0.1 g to the nearest 0.1 mg of propylene chlorohydrin, mixture of 1-Chloro-2-propanol-75% and 2-Chloro-1-propanol-25%, Eastman Kodak, Cat. (cybercolloids.net)
  • There are provided methods and systems to form propylene chlorohydrin by hydrolysis of 1,2-dichloropropane and to further form propylene oxide from propylene chlorohydrin. (sumobrain.com)
Glycol1
  • Whether this could be rearranged directly, or hydrolysed to give the chlorohydrin or even glycol on reasonable yeild is something that could be tried. (thevespiary.org)
Ethylene oxide3
  • FAO and WHO 1972 ETHYLENE OXIDE This pesticide was evaluated in 1965 (FAO/WHO 1965c) and reviewed in 1968 (FAO/WHO 1969b), when a special evaluation was made of residues of ethylene chlorohydrin formed by reaction between ethylene oxide and inorganic chloride present in the food. (inchem.org)
  • Each of these factors affected the amounts of ethylene oxide, ethylene chlorohydrin and ethylene bromohydrin present at various intervals of time after treatment as determined by solvent extraction of samples followed by gas-liquid chromatography. (inchem.org)
  • Ethylene oxide (EO), ethylene chlorohydrin (EKH) and dioxane are determined by head space gas chromatography with mass selective detection (GC-MSD). (cybercolloids.net)
Phospholipid chlorohydrins4
  • This paper discusses the studies of possible atherogenic effects of phospholipid chlorohydrins. (strath.ac.uk)
  • atherogenic effects, phospholipid chlorohydrins, Therapeutics. (strath.ac.uk)
  • As HOCl can oxidize lipids to give chlorohydrins, we hypothesized that phospholipid chlorohydrins might have toxic and pro-inflammatory effects. (strath.ac.uk)
  • Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins were found to deplete ATP levels in U937 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with significant effects observed at concentrations of 25 µM and above. (strath.ac.uk)
Phosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins1
  • Low concentrations (25 µM) of stearoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine and stearoyl-arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine chlorohydrins were also found to increase caspase-3 activity. (strath.ac.uk)
20161
  • The report then estimates 2016-2021 market development trends of Ethylene chlorohydrin industry. (reportsnreports.com)
Alkenes2
  • The preparation of diverse beta-chloroethers, beta-chloroacetates and chlorohydrins is efficiently achieved under mild conditions by reaction of alkenes with trichloroisocyanuric acid (0.34mol equiv) in alcohols (MeOH, EtOH, i-PrOH, t-BuOH), acetic acid or aqueous acetone, respectively. (thevespiary.org)
  • In organic synthesis , HClO converts alkenes to chlorohydrins . (wikipedia.org)
Rats3
  • To examine the effects of α-chlorohydrin on testis and cauda epididymis in the male house rat ( Rattus rattus ), 24 adult male rats were segregated into two groups. (begellhouse.com)
  • Group I rats were force-fed daily by intragastric intubation with α-chlorohydrin at a single dose of 1.0 mg/100 g body weight/d for 5, 15, and 45 days. (begellhouse.com)
  • This study was conducted to investigate the potential effects of alpha-chlorohydrin (ACH) on epididymal function and antioxidant system in male rats . (bvsalud.org)
Reaction3
  • Reaction with unsaturated fatty acyl chains in glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine results in the formation of chlorohydrins. (elsevier.com)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chlorohydrins formed by the reaction of hypochlorite with 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-, 1-stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-, and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonylphosphatidylcholine on biophysical properties of bilayers and their effects on human erythrocytes. (elsevier.com)
  • Reaction of the chlorohydrin with HCl is a no go. (sciencemadness.org)
Lipids2
  • Using electrospray mass spectrometry we observed complete conversion of the lipids into chlorohydrins, which resulted in a decrease in the rotational correlation time and an increase in the order parameter of liposomes. (elsevier.com)
  • Unilamellar chlorohydrin liposomes had a lower permeation coefficient for calcein than liposomes made of parent lipids. (elsevier.com)
Spermatotoxicity1
  • Pycnogenol treatment attenuated α-chlorohydrin-induced spermatotoxicity through antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. (greenmedinfo.com)
Esters2
  • The other method in the article, which uses alcohol or acetic acid rather than acetone, gives the beta-chloroethers or esters, for example giving the methyl ether of styrene chlorohydrin (by using methanol) in 98% yeild. (thevespiary.org)
  • It can also react with carboxylic acids to form the corresponding chlorohydrin esters in the presence of chlorotrimethylsilane. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Spermatogenesis1
  • Our results validate α-chlorohydrin as a successful anti-fertility agent that prevents spermatogenesis. (begellhouse.com)
Oxidation3
  • We have formed chlorohydrins from fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids) and from phospholipids (stearoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine, stearoyl-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine and stearoyl-arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine), and investigated various biological effects of these oxidation products. (strath.ac.uk)
  • Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (strath.ac.uk)
  • Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS . Free Radical Biology and Medicine , 33 (Supplement 1), S145-S145. (strath.ac.uk)
Effects1
  • These results demonstrate potentially harmful effects of lipid chlorohydrins, and suggest that they may contribute to some of the pro-inflammatory effects that HOCl-modified low density lipoprotein has been found to induce. (strath.ac.uk)
EINECS1
  • 6-Chloro-1-hexanol Name: 6-Chlorohexanol Synonyms: 6-Chlorohexanol, 1-Chloro-6-hydroxyhexane;6-Chloro-1- hexanol;Hexamethylene chlorohydrin CAS NO: 2009-83-8 EINECS: 217-925-2 Structural formula: C8H13CLO Quality index: Index Target value Test method. (worldbid.com)
Amounts1
  • When significant amounts of ethylene chlorohydrin were formed these were much more persistent under air-tight conditions showing little loss after a year. (inchem.org)
Epoxides1
  • Many compounds are chlorohydrins isolated along with the related epoxides. (dtu.dk)
Chemical1
  • 2-Chloroethanol is a chemical compound with the formula HOCH2CH2Cl and the simplest chlorohydrin. (wikipedia.org)
Give1
  • 3) Water removes a proton to give the chlorohydrin +enantiomer. (gradesaver.com)
Status1
  • The report provides key statistics on the market status of the Ethylene chlorohydrin manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry.Firstly, the report provides a basic overview of the industry including its definition, applications and manufacturing technology. (reportsnreports.com)
Formation1
  • The formation of the halohydrins was dependent upon the presence of ionic chlorine or bromine and when both these were available the bromohydrin was more readily formed than the chlorohydrins. (inchem.org)
Article1
  • According to the table in the article, this method gave styrene chlorohydrin in 78% yeild. (thevespiary.org)
Potential1
  • Hemström P, Larsson A, Elfsmark L, Åstot C. l-α-Phosphatidylglycerol Chlorohydrins as Potential Biomarkers for Chlorine Gas Exposure. (medscape.com)
Activity1
  • Antitumor activity of heptelidic acid chlorohydrin. (nii.ac.jp)
Addition1
  • In addition to the chlorohydrin rubbers EPDM and butyl were studied under the same testing conditions. (sae.org)
Study1
  • The ''Global and Chinese Ethylene chlorohydrin Industry, 2011-2021 Market Research Report'' is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Ethylene chlorohydrin industry with a focus on the Chinese market. (reportsnreports.com)
Alphabetical Method Listing - E - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC
Alphabetical Method Listing - E - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
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2-Chloroethanol (webbook.nist.gov)
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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
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Mir29b1 (microRNA 29b-1) - Rat Genome Database (rgd.mcw.edu)
Naturally Occuring Organohalogen Compounds - A Comprehensive Survery | SpringerLink
Naturally Occuring Organohalogen Compounds - A Comprehensive Survery | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose - JECFA specification | CyberColloids
Ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose - JECFA specification | CyberColloids (cybercolloids.net)
Pancreatic Cancer | Springer for Research & Development
Pancreatic Cancer | Springer for Research & Development (rd.springer.com)
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Surface treatment of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): effects on dispersion rheology | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
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Hexyl Cinnamic Aldehyde (CAS No. 101-86-0) Suppliers @ ChemicalRegister.com (chemicalregister.com)
2 Chloroacetaldehyde | Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 12 | The National Academies Press
2 Chloroacetaldehyde | Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 12 | The National Academies Press (nap.edu)
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US4384925A - Gas sensing unit with automatic calibration method - Google Patents (patents.google.com)
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