Chemicals and Drugs
ChlorobutanolPreservatives, PharmaceuticalTriacetinPlasticizersPhthalic AcidsCastor OilMineral OilDibutyl Phthalate
Chlorobutanol
A colorless to white crystalline compound with a camphoraceous odor and taste. It is a widely used preservative in various pharmaceutical solutions, especially injectables. Also, it is an active ingredient in certain oral sedatives and topical anesthetics.
Preservatives, Pharmaceutical
Substances added to pharmaceutical preparations to protect them from chemical change or microbial action. They include ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS and antioxidants.
Triacetin
A triglyceride that is used as an antifungal agent.
Plasticizers
Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually PVC) to increase flexibility, workability or distensibility; due to the non-chemical inclusion, plasticizers leach out from the plastic and are found in body fluids and the general environment.
Phthalic Acids
A group of compounds that has the general structure of a dicarboxylic acid-substituted benzene ring. The ortho-isomer is used in dye manufacture. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Castor Oil
Oil obtained from seeds of Ricinus communis that is used as a cathartic and as a plasticizer.
Mineral Oil
A mixture of liquid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It is used as laxative, lubricant, ointment base, and emollient.
Dibutyl Phthalate
A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.

Mutations in Drosophila heat shock cognate 4 are enhancers of Polycomb. (1/22)

The homeotic genes controlling segment identity in Drosophila are repressed by the Polycomb group of genes (PcG) and are activated by genes of the trithorax group (trxG). An F(1) screen for dominant enhancers of Polycomb yielded a point mutation in the heat shock cognate gene, hsc4, along with mutations corresponding to several known PcG loci. The new mutation is a more potent enhancer of Polycomb phenotypes than an apparent null allele of hsc4 is, although even the null allele occasionally displays homeotic phenotypes associated with the PcG. Previous biochemical results had suggested that HSC4 might interact with BRAHMA, a trxG member. Further analyses now show that there is no physical or genetic interaction between HSC4 and the Brahma complex. HSC4 might be needed for the proper folding of a component of the Polycomb repression complex, or it may be a functional member of that complex.  (+info)

Rapid stimulation of free glucuronate formation by non-glucuronidable xenobiotics in isolated rat hepatocytes. (2/22)

Vitamin C synthesis in rat liver is enhanced by several xenobiotics, including aminopyrine and chloretone. The effect of these agents has been linked to induction of enzymes potentially involved in the formation of glucuronate, a precursor of vitamin C. Using isolated rat hepatocytes as a model, we show that a series of agents (aminopyrine, antipyrine, chloretone, clotrimazole, metyrapone, proadifen, and barbital) induced in a few minutes an up to 15-fold increase in the formation of glucuronate, which was best observed in the presence of sorbinil, an inhibitor of glucuronate reductase. They also caused an approximately 2-fold decrease in the concentration of UDP-glucuronate but little if any change in the concentration of UDP-glucose. Depletion of UDP-glucuronate with resorcinol or d-galactosamine markedly decreased the formation of glucuronate both in the presence and in the absence of aminopyrine, confirming the precursor-product relationship between UDP-glucuronate and free glucuronate. Most of the agents did not induce the formation of detectable amounts of glucuronides, indicating that the formation of glucuronate is not due to a glucuronidation-deglucuronidation cycle. With the exception of barbital (which inhibits glucuronate reductase), all of the above mentioned agents also caused an increase in the concentration of ascorbic acid. They had little effect on glutathione concentration, and their effect on glucuronate and vitamin C formation was not mimicked by glutathione-depleting agents such as diamide and buthionine sulfoximine. It is concluded that the stimulation of vitamin C synthesis exerted by some xenobiotics is mediated through a rapid increase in the conversion of UDP-glucuronate to glucuronate, which does not apparently involve a glucuronidation-deglucuronidation cycle.  (+info)

Epithelial activity of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in cultured bovine lenses recovering from pharmaceutical-induced optical damage. (3/22)

PURPOSE: In a previous toxicological study, cultured bovine lenses exposed to three topical anesthetics displayed distinct patterns of optical damage and recovery. This work investigated the epithelial activity of the metabolic enzymes hexokinase (HK) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in lenses recovering from anesthetic-induced damage. METHODS: Cultured bovine lenses were exposed to the anesthetics Alcaine, Fluress and Fluoracaine for 2 h. An automated laser scanner was used to determine the focal length variability (FLV) of the lenses at time-points up to 24 h following their return to fresh culture medium. The epithelial enzyme activities for HK and G6PD were then assayed at the 24 h time-point. RESULTS: Lenses exposed to Alcaine displayed an abrupt increase in FLV, while Fluoracaine treated lenses exhibited optical damage at a slower rate. The FLV in these two groups recovered to near-control levels after 24 h. Fluress treated lenses did not differ in FLV from controls at any time. The activities of both HK and G6PD were significantly reduced in epithelial samples from each of the three anesthetic treatment groups, relative to controls. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that lens optical quality can recover despite a severe reduction in epithelial HK and G6PD activity, indicating that the optical function of the lens may not be directly related to epithelial metabolic activity. The ScanTox In Vitro Assay System provides an objective measure of lens optical quality, enabling a direct comparison of optical damage and recovery to lens biochemical changes.  (+info)

Neurotoxicity of intra-arterial papaverine preserved with chlorobutanol used for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. (4/22)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Papaverine is used to vasodilate cerebral arteries undergoing vasospasm from subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, papaverine inhibits cellular respiration in vitro and could cause neurotoxicity in humans. METHODS: We studied 5 consecutive patients with cerebral vasospasm who were treated with intra-arterial papaverine preserved with chlorobutanol and imaged with MRI fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion-weighted imaging after treatment. One patient had histological analysis of the brain at autopsy. RESULTS: All 5 patients exhibited marked neurological decline immediately after treatment, and this was sustained through hospital discharge. In all cases, MRI images showed selective gray matter-only signal changes within the vascular territory treated with papaverine. Histological analysis of 1 case brought to autopsy showed selective injury to islands of neurons with relative sparing of white matter. CONCLUSIONS: Intra-arterial delivery of papaverine preserved with chlorobutanol into vasospastic anterior cerebral arteries may result in marked neurological deterioration with selective gray matter changes on MRI imaging. This effect is consistent with a permanent toxic effect to human brain. It is unclear whether this toxicity is caused by papaverine or chlorobutanol, and its use in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm should be reserved for cases without alternatives.  (+info)

Comparative toxicity of preservatives on immortalized corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. (5/22)

 (+info)

GC determination of acetone, acetaldehyde, ethanol, and methanol in biological matrices and cell culture. (6/22)

A gas chromatography with flame ionization detection method (GC-FID) with direct injection, using a capillary column, was validated to determine ethanol, acetaldehyde, methanol, and acetone in different human matrices, such as whole blood, vitreous humour, and urine, with clinical and forensic interest. This method was also employed to quantify these compounds in cell culture medium, thus being useful in basic research. A good peak resolution was achieved, with linear correlation between concentration and peak areas for all the compounds in all the matrices. The inter- and intra-day precisions of the method were always under 15% and 10%, respectively. The accuracy of the method, calculated as the percentage of the target concentration, was within the acceptable limits. The obtained limits of detection were below 0.85 mg/L for acetaldehyde and below 0.75 mg/L for the other considered compounds. The small injection volume and the high split ratios applied, allied to the high performance of the GC column, resulted in very good peak resolution and high sensitivities. This method is easy to perform, making it suitable for the routine of clinical biochemistry and forensic laboratories.  (+info)

Interactions at human ether-a-go-go-related gene channels. (7/22)

 (+info)

A non-bronchoconstrictor, bacteriostatic preservative for nebuliser solutions. (8/22)

We have studied the bacteriostatic and airways effects of the preservatives chlorocresol and chlorbutol, to assess if they may be safely used in nebuliser solutions. The bacteriostatic study was carried out according to standard techniques, and the preservatives were able to inhibit the growth of a range of bacteria and yeasts for a period of 28 days. The airways effects were studied in eight asthmatic subjects, who were challenged with either the preservatives or saline (as placebo). Pulmonary function was followed as FEV1 for 60 min after inhalation, and there was no change in FEV1 following inhalation. We conclude that these preservatives may be used safely in nebuliser solutions.  (+info)

Chlorobutanol - WikipediaChlorobutanol - Wikipedia
Chlorobutanol (trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol) is a preservative, sedative, hypnotic and weak local anesthetic similar in nature to chloral hydrate. It has antibacterial and antifungal properties. Chlorobutanol is typically used at a concentration of 0.5% where it lends long term stability to multi-ingredient formulations. However, it retains antimicrobial activity at 0.05% in water. Chlorobutanol has been used in anesthesia and euthanasia of invertebrates and fishes.[1][2] It is a white, volatile solid with a menthol-like odor. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorobutanol
EFFECT OF ADDING CHLOROBUTANOL TO BISMUTH SUBSALICYLATE IN OIL INJECTED INTRAMUSCULARLY | JAMA Dermatology | JAMA NetworkEFFECT OF ADDING CHLOROBUTANOL TO BISMUTH SUBSALICYLATE IN OIL INJECTED INTRAMUSCULARLY | JAMA Dermatology | JAMA Network
This study was undertaken to ascertain whether the addition of chlorobutanol to a suspension of bismuth subsalicylate in oil would produce any untoward effect w
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/article-abstract/519412
Nayawax (Benzocaine; Chlorobutanol; P-Dichlorobenzene...) BMW Pharmaco IndiaNayawax (Benzocaine; Chlorobutanol; P-Dichlorobenzene...) BMW Pharmaco India
Nayawax information about active ingredients, pharmaceutical forms and doses by BMW Pharmaco India, Nayawax indications, usages and related health products lists
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SUBSTITUTED AMIDO PHENOXYBENZAMIDES - Patent applicationSUBSTITUTED AMIDO PHENOXYBENZAMIDES - Patent application
acidifying agents (examples include but are not limited to acetic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid); alkalinizing agents (examples include but are not limited to ammonia solution, ammonium carbonate, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, potassium hydroxide, sodium borate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, triethanolamine, trolamine); adsorbents (examples include but are not limited to powdered cellulose and activated charcoal); aerosol propellants (examples include but are not limited to carbon dioxide, CCl2F2, F2ClC-CClF2 and CClF3) air displacement agents (examples include but are not limited to nitrogen and argon); antifungal preservatives (examples include but are not limited to benzoic acid, butylparaben, ethylparaben, methylparaben, propylparaben, sodium benzoate); antimicrobial preservatives (examples include but are not limited to benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, benzyl alcohol, cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorobutanol, phenol, phenylethyl ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20110237592
111718 - Eficacia terapéutica del clorobutanol (Verruex®) en el tratamiento de papilomatosis bovina. Estudio en cuatro predios...111718 - Eficacia terapéutica del clorobutanol (Verruex®) en el tratamiento de papilomatosis bovina. Estudio en cuatro predios...
111718 - Eficacia terapéutica del clorobutanol (Verruex®) en el tratamiento de papilomatosis bovina. Estudio en cuatro predios en Caquetá, Colombia - Therapeutic efficacy of chlorobutanol (Verruex®) in the treatment of bovine papillomatosis. Study on | Veterinaria.org . La primera comunidad veterinaria de habla hispana con presencia en Espa a y Am rica del Sur.
http://veterinaria.org/5999-revista-veterinaria-redvet-111718---eficacia-terap%C3%A9utica-del-clorobutanol-verruex%C2%AE-en-el-tratamiento-de-p.html
Featured Excipient: PlasticizersFeatured Excipient: Plasticizers
Author: Allen Loyd V Jr, Year: 2003, Abstract: Plasticizers are chemicals that modify the physical properties of a basic polymer. This discussion focuses on plasticizers in current use, including Acetyltriethyl Citrate NF, Benzyl Benzoate USP, Castor Oil USP, Chlorobutanol NF, Diacetylated Monoglycerides NF, Dibutyl Sebacate NF, Diethyl Phthalate NF, Glycerin USP, mineral oil and lanolin alcohols, petrolatum and lanolin alcohols, Polyethylene Glycol NF, Propylene Glycol USP, Sorbitol USP, Triacetin USP, Tributyl Citrate NF and Triethyl Citra
https://ijpc.com/Abstracts/Abstract.cfm?ABS=824
Effect of low levels of dietary tyrosine on the hair colour of cats<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of low levels of dietary tyrosine on the hair colour of cats. AU - Yu, S.. AU - Rogers, Quinton. AU - Morris, James. PY - 2001/1/1. Y1 - 2001/1/1. N2 - Experiments were conducted to investigate the basis for the change in hair colour of black cats to reddish-brown. Black cats were given purified diets based on gelatin, casein plus lactalbumin, or crystalline amino acids as protein sources. Diets that caused the colour of hair to change to reddish-brown were associated with a reduction in melanin in hair (observed by direct microscopic examination), a decreased total melanin concentration and low concentrations of tyrosine in plasma. Reddish hair coat was induced in black kittens born to queens given a tyrosine-deficient diet during pregnancy. Black hair colour was maintained or restored by diets containing a high concentration of tyrosine or phenylalanine. Current dietary recommendations for dietary tyrosine and phenylalanine for cats are below those required to support ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/effect-of-low-levels-of-dietary-tyrosine-on-the-hair-colour-of-ca
Stability study of azithromycin in ophthalmic preparationsStability study of azithromycin in ophthalmic preparations
MORENO, Andréia de Haro; SILVA, Maria Fernanda Conz da and SALGADO, Hérida Regina Nunes. Stability study of azithromycin in ophthalmic preparations. Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. [online]. 2009, vol.45, n.2, pp.219-226. ISSN 2175-9790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502009000200005.. A stability study of azithromycin in ophthalmic preparations was developed by submission to different types of light, temperature and pH, using the biodiffusion assay (cylinder 3 x 3) for the quantifications. Bacillus subtilis, ATCC 9372, was used as test organism. The used concentration range was of 50 to 200 µg/mL. The study demonstrated that the drug suffered degradation when submitted to the ultraviolet light, germicide light, solar luminosity, acid solution, basic solution and hydrogen peroxide solution. The results were analyzed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA).. Keywords : Azithromycin [stability study]; Bioassay; Photodegradation; Ophthalmic preparations. ...
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1984-82502009000200005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
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Examination of postoperative pain management programs indicates that nearly 100% of patients are treated with opioids; of these patients, 15% experience opioid-related adverse events (Kessler et al., 2013). More concerning is that although opioids are becoming less common, they continue to be prescribed for outpatient management of chronic pain, a setting that is less likely to be extensively monitored and represents a higher risk for mortality (Labianca et al., 2012). Obesity, a condition closely linked with NAFLD (McCullough, 2011), is one identified risk factor for these toxicities. NASH, the later stage of NAFLD, is characterized not only by histopathologic consequences but also by alterations in the expression and function of vital phase I and II drug metabolizing enzymes and transport proteins (Fisher et al., 2009; Hardwick et al., 2010, 2013; Lake et al., 2011). Previous studies have confirmed corresponding shifts in the disposition of certain xenobiotics in rodent models of NASH (Canet ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/352/3/462
Doxapram - WikipediaDoxapram - Wikipedia
Doxapram hydrochloride (marketed as Dopram, Stimulex or Respiram) is a respiratory stimulant. Administered intravenously, doxapram stimulates an increase in tidal volume, and respiratory rate. Doxapram stimulates chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies of the carotid arteries, which in turn, stimulates the respiratory centre in the brain stem. Doxapram is a white to off-white, odorless, crystalline powder that is stable in light and air. It is soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol and practically insoluble in ether. Injectable products have a pH from 3.5-5. Benzyl alcohol or chlorobutanol is added as a preservative agent in the commercially available injections. Doxapram is used in intensive care settings to stimulate the respiratory rate in patients with respiratory failure. It may be useful for treating respiratory depression in patients who have taken excessive doses of drugs such as buprenorphine or fentanyl analogues which may fail to respond adequately to treatment with naloxone. It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doxapram
The effect of dietary crude protein level, formaldehyde treated rapeseed (Canola) meal and dietary tyrosine supplementation on...The effect of dietary crude protein level, formaldehyde treated rapeseed (Canola) meal and dietary tyrosine supplementation on...
The effect of dietary crude protein level, formaldehyde treated rapeseed (Canola) meal and dietary tyrosine supplementation on the performance of lactating dairy ...
https://mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca/xmlui/handle/1993/28640
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The human CYP1A1 gene codes for an inducible enzyme system involved in biotransformation of certain xenobiotics, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; some of the metabolites are carcinogenic and mutagenic. Effects of environmental exposures (smoking, air pollution, and diet) on CYP1A1 gene induction in placental tissue and the modulation of induction by the CYP1A1 MspI RFLP were evaluated in two groups from Poland: 70 mother-child pairs from Krakow, a city with elevated air pollution; and 90 pairs from Limanowa, a less polluted area. Compared to placentas from nonsmoking women, CYP1A1 mRNA levels were significantly increased in placentas from current smokers (P , 0.001). Ex-smokers also had significantly higher placental mRNA levels, including women who quit smoking prior to pregnancy (P , 0.01). A marginal increase in CYP1A1 mRNA with environmental tobacco smoke exposure was evident. Within Krakow, there was an increase in CYP1A1 mRNA with ambient pollution at the place of residence for ...
http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/4/2/147
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Low molecular weight contaminants in commercial preparations of plasmin and t-PA activate neurons - UQ eSpace
Samson, A. L., Nevin, S. T. and Medcalf, R. L. (2008) Low molecular weight contaminants in commercial preparations of plasmin and t-PA activate neurons. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 6 12: 2218-2220. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03174.x ...
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:174188
Ionic interaction of amiloride and uridine 5-triphosphate in nebulizer solutions | RTIIonic interaction of amiloride and uridine 5-triphosphate in nebulizer solutions | RTI
RTI uses cookies to offer you the best experience online. By and clicking accept on this website, you opt in and you agree to the use of cookies. If you would like to know more about how RTI uses cookies and how to manage them please view our Privacy Policy here. You can opt out or change your mind by visiting: http://optout.aboutads.info/. Click accept to agree.. Accept ...
https://www.rti.org/publication/ionic-interaction-amiloride-and-uridine-5-triphosphate-nebulizer-solutions-0
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SUSER_ID returns an identification number only for logins that have been explicitly provisioned inside SQL Server. This ID is used within SQL Server to track ownership and permissions. This ID is not equivalent to the SID of the login that is returned by SUSER_SID. If login is a SQL Server login, the SID maps to a GUID. If login is a Windows login or Windows group, the SID maps to a Windows security identifier.. SUSER_SID returns a SUID only for a login that has an entry in the syslogins system table.. System functions can be used in the select list, in the WHERE clause, and anywhere an expression is allowed, and must always be followed by parentheses, even if no parameter is specified.. In SQL Server version 7.0, the security identification number (SID) replaced the server user identification number (SUID).. ...
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms176042
Cromolyn Nebulizer Solution - patient information, description, dosage and directions.Cromolyn Nebulizer Solution - patient information, description, dosage and directions.
Description of the drug Cromolyn Nebulizer Solution. - patient information, description, dosage and directions. What is Cromolyn Nebulizer Solution!
http://drugster.info/drug/medicament/6255/
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Minims Artificial Tears, Eye drops solution | Patient Info | Bausch Health Ireland Ltd. | Medicines.ieMinims Artificial Tears, Eye drops solution | Patient Info | Bausch Health Ireland Ltd. | Medicines.ie
6.5 Nature and Contents Of Container. A sealed conical shaped container fitted with a twist and pull off cap made from Ph. Eur. grade polypropylene for containers and closures for parenteral and ophthalmic preparations. Each Minims unit is overwrapped in an individual polypropylene/paper pouch. Each container holds approximately 0.5ml of solution. There are 20 Minims units in every carton ...
https://www.medicines.ie/medicines/minims-artificial-tears-eye-drops-solution-32868
The Effects of Commercial Preparations of Herbal Supplements Commonly Used by Women on the Biotransformation of Fluorogenic...
The Effects of Commercial Preparations of Herbal Supplements Commonly Used by Women on the Biotransformation of Fluorogenic Substrates by Human Cytochromes P450 Academic Article ...
https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/publication174839
Formoterol nebulizer solution
Visit your doctor for regular check ups. Tell your doctor or health care professional if your symptoms do not get better. If your symptoms get worse or if you need your short-acting inhalers more often, call your doctor right away. Do not use this medicine more than every 12 hours.. If you have asthma, be aware that using this medicine may increase your risk of dying from asthma related problems. Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of taking this medicine. NEVER use this medicine for an acute asthma attack.. If you are going to have surgery tell your doctor or health care professional that you are using this medicine.. ...
http://healthsource.baylorhealth.com/121,80978
A Pharmacists Guide to OTC Therapy: Ophthalmic Preparations for Treating Allergic ConjunctivitisA Pharmacists Guide to OTC Therapy: Ophthalmic Preparations for Treating Allergic Conjunctivitis
Decongestants Available ophthalmic decongestants include phenylephrine, naphazoline, oxymetazoline, and tetrahydrolozine. Individuals should be informed that overuse of ophthalmic decongestants can lead to rebound congestion of the conjunctiva. Patients with narrow anterior chamber angles or narrow-angle glaucoma should not use these products.1 Antihistamines Pheniramine maleate is the antihistamine agent available in nonprescription ophthalmic preparations. The most common adverse reactions associated with its use include stinging, burning, and discomfort upon instillation. Role of the Pharmacist Prior to suggesting any OTC ophthalmic products, pharmacists should thoroughly assess the nature and extent of patients ophthalmic problems and recommend that they seek medical care when needed. Patients also should be advised not to exceed the recommended dosages of these products and to immediately seek medical attention if symptoms persist after a few days. Although adverse effects are considered ...
http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2006/2006-04/2006-04-5421
Apitherapy News: February 2016Apitherapy News: February 2016
Precursors of neuroactive substances can be obtained from dietary sources, which can affect the resulting production of such substances in the brain. In social species, an intake of the precursor in food could be controlled by social interactions. To test the effects of dietary tyrosine on the brain dopamine levels in social insect colonies, male and worker honeybees were fed tyrosine or royal jelly under experimental conditions and the brain levels of dopamine and its metabolite were then measured. The results showed that the levels of dopamine and its metabolite in the brains of 4- and 8-day-old workers and 8-day-old males were significantly higher in tyrosine-fed bees than in control bees, but the levels in 4-day-old males were not. The brain levels of dopamine and its metabolite in 4- and 8-day-old males and workers were significantly higher in royal jelly-fed bees than in control bees, except for one group of 4-day-old workers. Food exchanges with workers were observed in males during 1-3 ...
http://apitherapy.blogspot.co.nz/2016/02/
ATROVENT UDVS 500 MICROGRAMS/2ML NEBULISER SOLUTION | Drugs.comATROVENT UDVS 500 MICROGRAMS/2ML NEBULISER SOLUTION | Drugs.com
Patient information for ATROVENT UDVS 500 MICROGRAMS/2ML NEBULISER SOLUTION Including dosage instructions and possible side effects.
https://www.drugs.com/uk/atrovent-udvs-500-micrograms-2ml-nebuliser-solution-leaflet.html
Development of a topical tissue cross-linking solution using sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (SMG): viscosity effect | Bioscience...Development of a topical tissue cross-linking solution using sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (SMG): viscosity effect | Bioscience...
Viscosity is a critical component of ophthalmic preparations. There have been many viscosity enhancing agents used for drug delivery, but HPMC stands out quite clearly as being extremely efficacious and pliable [20-23]. There are various HPMC grades, and the grade and viscosity of HPMC are dependent on the differences in molecular weight (chain length) and the extent of hydroxypropyl and methyl substitutions [24]. We could possibly manipulate two properties of HPMCs viscosity: concentration and grade. In a study of isoniazid (MW ∼137 Da) release from HPMC tablets [25], it was found that higher viscosity grades of HPMC decreased the rate of drug release from the tablet. They theorized this is due to the intra-polymer matrix interactions, particularly the disentanglement of polymer chains, which prevent effective drug release. These drug-polymer matrix interactions become greater with more branching present in higher grades of HPMC. Our expectation was that the higher HPMC grades, accompanied ...
https://portlandpress.com/bioscirep/article/doi/10.1042/BSR20191941/221651/Development-of-a-topical-tissue-crosslinking
neopoly bac | Pet Medications
Hydrocortisone acetate exerts a marked anti-inflammatory action at the tissue level and effectively suppresses inflammation in many disorders of the anterior segment of the eye. Local application to the eye often gives rapid relief of pain and photophobia, particularly in lesions of the cornea.. The combined anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of Bacitracin-Neomycin-Polymyxin-Hydrocortisone Acetate 1% Veterinary Ophthalmic Ointment permits effective management of many disorders of the anterior segment of the eye in which combined activity is needed.. Doasage & Administration: Apply a thin film over the cornea three or four times daily in dogs and cats. The area should be properly cleansed prior to the use of bacitracin-neomycin-polymyxin-HC veterinary ophthalmic ointment. Foreign bodies, crusted exudates, and debris should be carefully removed. Contraindications: Ophthalmic preparations containing corticosteroids are contraindicated in the treatment of those deep, ulcerative lesions of ...
http://petmedications.com/products/neopoly-bac
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Electronic devices are susceptible to damage from radiation, potentially cosmic radiation and even ultraviolet radiation. A study using spectroscopy reveals that the amount of optical damage, as opposed to structural damage, that can be caused may be more than ten times greater than studies suggested.. These are somewhat new ideas, especially in my opinion the concept of optical damage versus structural damage where as people normally focus on the later, I believe the former is a very much unexplored area with important implications for actual, real, operating nanodevices, research leader Andrew Steigerwald of Vanderbilt University told me.. Considering that, I hope in the future that our results can be extended to other materials (e.g. silicon) and perhaps coupled with a sensitive microscopy technique so that we can compare spectroscopy results with mapping of electronic states.. Damaged goods: Probing the depths - Ezine - spectroscopyNOW.com.. ...
http://www.sciencebase.com/science-blog/tag/damaged
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The freezing usually lasts about 4-6 hours, sometimes longer, therefore most people only have some mild discomfort that improves with Tylenol ®. The SM05Txx adapters will require the use of an SM1A6T SM1-to-SM05 adapter. It uses p-n junction to emit coherent light in which all … Building from the operation of the light emitting diode (LED), enhancements that are required to … This optical damage can occur even with momentary over-current. This had the desired effect of allowing the results of all circularization techniques to be directly compared; however, optimizing the setup for a circularization technique could have improved its performance. It is important to note that this is rare. The laser diode is quite different from the common perception of lasers as big, bulky and power-hungry devices that emit an intense beam of light that can burn or even cut. With the generalities out of the way, there are some key characteristics of current supplies that should be considered before making a ...
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Combination therapy using nebulized amiloride hydrochloride and uridine-5-triphosphate (UTP) trisodium salt aerosols has been investigated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF). Amiloride in aqueous solution precipitates in the presence of UTP, reducing drug concentrations. Interactions between these drugs and NaCl in solution were studied using phase-solubility techniques monitored by UV spectrophotometry. Elemental analyses were employed for precipitate characterization. Amiloride solubility was reduced by more than 85% in saline.
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or [email protected] -----Original Message----- From: HSRL [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Thursday, July 10, 2003 8:49 AM To: [email protected] Subject: Controls for human spleen liver placenta Does anyone have a good supplier of human tissue or prepared slides. We are mainly interested in spleen, liver and placenta. Thanks in advance for your help. Beth Poole HSRL- A GLP Compliant Laboratory 137 South Main Street Woodstock, Virginia 22664 (540)459-8211 Fax: (540)459-8217 [email protected] www.hsrl.org ...
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Spleen (LM) - Stock Image C022/2196 - Science Photo LibrarySpleen (LM) - Stock Image C022/2196 - Science Photo Library
Light micrograph (LM) of a section of human spleen, showing red pulp. Magnification unknown. The spleen removes debris from blood, produces immunological responses, and removes defective red cells. - Stock Image C022/2196
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Template:Spleen Timeline Table - Embryology
Satoh T, Sakurai E, Tada H & Masuda T. (2009). Ontogeny of reticular framework of white pulp and marginal zone in human spleen: immunohistochemical studies of fetal spleens from the 17th to 40th week of gestation. Cell Tissue Res. , 336, 287-97. PMID: 19255788 DOI. ...
https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Template:Spleen_Timeline_Table
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Quest for photo-stable amorphous thin films in ternary GexAsySe100-x-y chalcogenide system is reported. Studied layers were fabricated using pulsed laser deposition technique. Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer, Raman scattering spectroscopy, transmittance measurements, variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, and non-linear imaging technique with phase object inside the 4f imaging system were employed to characterize prepared thin films. Their photo-stability/photo-induced phenomena in as-deposited and relaxed states were also investigated, respectively. In linear regime, we found intrinsically photo-stable relaxed layers within Ge20As20Se60 composition. This composition presents also the highest optical damage threshold under non-linear optical conditions.. ©2010 Optical Society of America. Full Article , PDF Article ...
https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-22-22944
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http://aoot.osa.org/ao/abstract.cfm?uri=ao-39-18-3099
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http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1981-86372014000100077&lng=en&nrm=iso/&tlng=en
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CHLOROBUTANOL. CHLOROQUINE AND ITS SALTS. CHLOROTHIAZIDE, ITS SALTS. AND DERIVATES. (C) CHLORPHENTERMINE AND. ITS SALTS. ...
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Infectious Disease Risk Associated with Contaminated Propofol Anesthesia, 1989-2014 - Volume 22, Number 6-June 2016 - Emerging...
Other additives, such as phenylmercuric nitrate, phenylmercuric acetate, chlorobutanol, and phenol have been studied ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/6/15-0376_article
Pseudo-endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone | British Journal of OphthalmologyPseudo-endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone | British Journal of Ophthalmology
Approximately 25 percent of all commercially available ophthalmic solutions are preserved with chlorobutanol. Benzyl alcohol is ...
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CHLOROBUTANOL 51080 CHLOROFORM 51085 CHLOROPHYLL 51090 CHLOROPROCAINE 51095 CHLOROQUINE 51100 CHLOROTHIAZIDE 51105 CHLOROTHYMOL ...
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US Patent Application for Propanoic acid derivatives that inhibit the binding of integrins to their receptors Patent...US Patent Application for Propanoic acid derivatives that inhibit the binding of integrins to their receptors Patent...
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DEPO®-ESTRADIOL (estradiol cypionate) injection, for intramuscular use Patient information | Pfizer Medical Information - USDEPO®-ESTRADIOL (estradiol cypionate) injection, for intramuscular use Patient information | Pfizer Medical Information - US
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Another Indian API Manufacturer found to be out of GMP Compliance by EU Authorities - ECA AcademyAnother Indian API Manufacturer found to be out of GMP Compliance by EU Authorities - ECA Academy
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Methaqualone - WikipediaMethaqualone - Wikipedia
Methaqualone became increasingly popular as a recreational drug in the late 1960s and 1970s, known variously as "ludes" or "sopers" (also "soaps") in the United States and "mandrakes" and "mandies" in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Sopor is a Latin word for sleep. The drug was more tightly regulated in Britain under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 and in the U.S. from 1973. It was withdrawn from many developed markets in the early 1980s. In the United States it was withdrawn in 1983 and made a Schedule I drug in 1984. It has a DEA ACSCN of 2565 and in 2022 the aggregate annual manufacturing quota for the United States was 60[15] grams. Mention of its possible use in some types of cancer and AIDS treatments has periodically appeared in the literature since the late 1980s. Research does not appear to have reached an advanced stage. The DEA has also added the methaqualone analogue mecloqualone (also a result of some incomplete clandestine syntheses) to Schedule I as ACSCN 2572, with a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methaqualone
Corebral 50ml - Dromedary VilleCorebral 50ml - Dromedary Ville
Chlorobutanol. Sodium edetate. Hydrochloric acid. Water for injections. 2. Major incompatibilities. Not known. ...
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ChlbChlb
... - • chlorobutanol … Dictionary of medical acronyms & abbreviations. *. Community Hospital of Long Beach - Geography ...
https://medicine.en-academic.com/54965/Chlb
Médicaments du laboraroire COOPER PHARMA au MarocMédicaments du laboraroire COOPER PHARMA au Maroc
Hexetidine , Salicylate De Choline , Chlorobutanol Hemihydraté GIVALEX, 0,1 G / 0,5 G / 0,250 G COOPER PHARMA ...
https://www.dwa.ma/laboratoire/5c49ac2e0f91321da78b182e-laboratoire-COOPER-PHARMA-maroc
Indian Patents. 212551:'ANHYDROUS, HYDROPHILIC ABSORBENT WOUND DRESSING (TUBE) WITH ANTIMICROBIALS OR OTHER PHARMACEUTICALLY...
Chlorobutanol 0.6. Example 7. Ingredient % w/w. Poloxamer 407 14.0. Poloxamer 338 5.5. Poloxamer 124 34.25. Propylene Glycol ... Chlorobutanol 0.6. Example 4. Ingredient % w/w. Polyethylene Glycol 400 64.25. Polyethylene Glycol 3350 - 23.0. Acrylamide/ ... Chlorobutanol, Cloflucarban, Dapsone, Dehydroacetic Acid or salt form thereof, Ethyl Alcohol, Eucalyptol, Extracts of Lavender ...
https://www.allindianpatents.com/patents/212551-anhydrous-hydrophilic-absorbent-wound-dressing-tube-with-antimicrobials-or-other-pharmaceutically-active-agents
Products - Remington Pharmaceutical IndustriesProducts - Remington Pharmaceutical Industries
Chlorobutanol 0.5%. T-WET. Ointment. 3.5gm. Ciprofloxacin 3mg/gm. ROCIP. Ointment. 3.5gm. ...
https://www.remingtonpharma.com/international.html
Dangschat T.O.H. GmbH & Co. KGDangschat T.O.H. GmbH & Co. KG
Chlorobutanol Chloretone Hemihydrate. *Chlortetracycline (+Premixes 15%; 20%). *Choline Chloride 60% Vegetal. *Choline Chloride ...
https://www.dangschat-toh.com/es/dtoh-productos.html
Amfonelic . . . manufacturer from India Sun Pharma
... exporter of Chlorobutanol SRISEC050 . . made in India, Please get more Chlorobutanol SRISEC050 . . India suppliers, factories, ... farukdante.en.hisupplier.com/product-2969088-Chlorobutanol-SRISEC050.html Chlorobutanol SRISEC050 . . manufacturer from India ... Sun Pharma - We are a manufacturer of Chlorobutanol SRISEC050 . . , ...
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AnhydrousHemihydratePreservativeChloralChlorhexidineDerivativeExporterBacterialSynthesisAlcoholQualityBenzalkoniumTobramycin 0.3Inactive IngredientsSurfactantsSesame OilDrugFoundActivityHumanSkinMethod
Anhydrous2
  • Chlorobutanol anhydrous (chloral derivative) added as a preservative may be habit forming. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • According to the Statement of Non-Compliance issued in EudraGMDP this statement is valid for all APIs: "The Plant I produced Metoprolol Tartrate, Metoprolol Succinate, Chlorobutanol Hemihydrate, Chlorobutanol Anhydrous and Fluconazole. (gmp-compliance.org)
Hemihydrate2
  • Other ingredients include chlorobutanol hemihydrate, acetic acid glacial and water for injections. (who.int)
  • All CEPs have been suspended: CEP 2009-112 (Chlorobutanol hemihydrate), CEP 2009-152 (Metoprolol tartarate), CEP 2009-170 (Metoprolol Succinate), CEP 2010-147 (Ferrous fumarate), CEP 2010-247 (Fluconazole), CEP 2011-304 (Metoprolol tartarate), CEP 2011-312 (Metoprolol Succinate). (gmp-compliance.org)
Preservative1
  • Each gram of sterile ophthalmic ointment contains tobramycin 3 mg and dexamethasone 0.1% with chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative in a mineral oil and petrolatum base. (pharmachoice.com)
Chloral2
  • 200 mg testosterone enanthate in sesame oil with 5 mg chlorobutanol (chloral. (enrique-calderon.com)
  • Each ml of sterile, colorless to pale yellow solution provides 200 mg testosterone enanthate in sesame oil with 5 mg chlorobutanol (chloral derivative) as a. (blvcklxtus.com)
Chlorhexidine1
  • antibacterial Chlorhexidine digluconate (0.1%) and Chlorobutanol (0.5%) helps maintain good oral hygiene. (pharmanatura.gr)
Derivative1
  • Pitocin is composed of oxtocic acid/ml along with chlorobutanol , a chloroform derivative. (pharmawiki.in)
Exporter2
  • Believe Chemical is a leading China Chlorobutanol CAS 57-15-8 manufacturer, supplier and exporter. (believechemical.com)
  • http://farukdante.en.hisupplier.com/product-list.html India heath care products Trading Company - Sun Pharma - We are a manufacturer of heath care products, exporter of heath care products made in India, get more heath care products suppliers, factories, wholesalers, distributors, companies from India on hisupplier.com. (spendlessformedicine.com)
Bacterial1
  • Browsing Faculté de Médecine by Subject "Antimicrobial agent, bacterial and fungal strains, chlorobutanol, MIC. (ummto.dz)
Synthesis1
  • A while ago i stumbled across a fairly easy looking synthesis for a chemical known as chlorobutanol. (sciencemadness.org)
Alcohol1
  • Anyways after sorting out the fragmented directions at http://www.rhodium.ws/chemistry/chlorobutanol.txt i figured that all i needed was generic bleach, acetone, lye, denatured alcohol and a bit of equipment. (sciencemadness.org)
Quality1
  • Adhering to the pursuit of perfect quality of products, so that our Chlorobutanol CAS 57-15-8 have been satisfied by many customers. (believechemical.com)
Benzalkonium1
  • Benzalkonium chloride (BAK), chlorobutanol, chlorhexidine acetate (CHA), and phenylmercuric nitrate or acetate are some commonly used preservatives in eye preparations. (filonanotech.com)
Tobramycin 0.31
  • Each gram of Tobrex ophthalmic ointment 0.3% contains tobramycin 0.3% (3 mg), chlorobutanol 0.5%, mineral oil, white petrolatum. (healthwiregeorgia.com)
Inactive Ingredients1
Surfactants1
  • Chlorobutanol [43] and 2-phenylethanol [37] are adversely affected by the presence of non-ionic surfactants, e.g. polysorbate 80. (chemistscorner.com)
Sesame Oil1
Drug1
  • After the addition of chlorobutanol, the suicide effect of the drug preparation was significantly enhanced. (medical-steroids.com)
Found1
  • 4-Chlorobutanol = 4 reactions were found. (tu-bs.de)
Activity1
  • Although the antimicrobial activity of chlorobutanol is extensive, [ 18 ] its use has been limited due to the fact that it becomes unstable when stored at room temperature for extended periods of time. (medscape.com)
Human2
  • [ 16 ] Human corneal epithelial cells exposed to chlorobutanol display a decreased amount of mitoses and deterioration of overall cell integrity. (medscape.com)
  • The lethal human chlorobutanol dose is recovered in the past 1-6 weeks. (childbirthsolutions.com)
Skin1
  • Chlorobutanol is highly toxic to the liver, is a skin irritant and a severe eye irritant. (psychonautwiki.org)
Method1
  • [ 17 ] The method of action of chlorobutanol is cell lysis by way of disruption of microbial cell membrane lipid configuration. (medscape.com)
Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Make Potassium (from versuchschemie.de) - Powered by XMB 1.9.11
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DailyMed - ADRENALIN- epinephrine injection
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CHLORHEXIDINE/CHLOROB MYLAN - Chlorhexidine - Posologie
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Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Make Potassium (from versuchschemie.de) - Powered by XMB 1.9.11
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Rohto Eye Drops Cooling Cool Max - 0.4 Fl. Oz. - Randalls
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Rohto Eye Drops Lubricant Redness Relief - 0.4 Fl. Oz. - Shaw's
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Pharmacie Becker - Bucco-dentaire
Pharmacie Becker - Bucco-dentaire (pharmacie-becker-monteux.apothical.fr)
Pharmacie Du Centre Clamart - Bain de bouche
Pharmacie Du Centre Clamart - Bain de bouche (pharmacieducentreclamart.mesoigner.fr)
China Chlorobutanol CAS 57-15-8 Manufacturers & Suppliers - Believe Chemical
China Chlorobutanol CAS 57-15-8 Manufacturers & Suppliers - Believe Chemical (believechemical.com)
Bains de bouche
Bains de bouche (mon-pharmacien-conseil.com)
TONIPHARM Alodont solution pour bain de bouche 200ml - Médicaments - Pharmarket
TONIPHARM Alodont solution pour bain de bouche 200ml - Médicaments - Pharmarket (pharmarket.com)
PIERRE FABRE Eludril pro bain de bouche 200ml - Médicaments - Pharmarket
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Chlorhexidine + Chlorobutanol 200 ml (générique d' ELUDRIL) MYLAN - PharmacieVeau.fr
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Methaqualone - Wikipedia
Methaqualone - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Corebral 50ml - Dromedary Ville
Corebral 50ml - Dromedary Ville (dromedaryville.com)
ELUDRIL PRO - Pharmacie du Mas Cerise
ELUDRIL PRO - Pharmacie du Mas Cerise (pharmaciedumascerise.fr)
(patentpc.com)
VASOPRESSIN USP (5ML) - Macs Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics 05 Ltd.
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CHLORHEXIDINE/CHLOROBUTANOL VIATRIS 0,5 ml/0,5 g pour 100 ml, solution pour bain de bouche en flacon
CHLORHEXIDINE/CHLOROBUTANOL VIATRIS 0,5 ml/0,5 g pour 100 ml, solution pour bain de bouche en flacon (goodmed.com)
Tobradex | PharmaChoice
Tobradex | PharmaChoice (pharmachoice.com)
Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms (dev.epinephrineautoinject.com)
Frezyderm Homeopathy Mouthwash 250ml
Frezyderm Homeopathy Mouthwash 250ml (pharmanatura.gr)
Cowen, Author at How to Get Rid of Warts Home
Cowen, Author at How to Get Rid of Warts Home (howtogetridofwartshome.com)
Pregnenolone - Wikipedia
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Купить ROHTO Cool 40 Alpha Fortified Eye Drops, 12 ml x 5 pcs в интернет-магазине Мирай в Москве или с доставкой напрямую из...
Купить ROHTO Cool 40 Alpha Fortified Eye Drops, 12 ml x 5 pcs в интернет-магазине Мирай в Москве или с доставкой напрямую из... (mirai-shop.ru)
Corticosteroid therapy - - How to Buy Steroids Legally - citruslock.com
Corticosteroid therapy - - How to Buy Steroids Legally - citruslock.com (citruslock.com)
Dried Aluminium Hydroxide Gel Supplier, Dried Aluminium Hydroxide Gel Exporter
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Vitamin Sziget - K ros anyagok / Lidocain
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R)-N-Boc-(4-Pyridyl)alanine - Manufacturer,Supplier,Exporter
R)-N-Boc-(4-Pyridyl)alanine - Manufacturer,Supplier,Exporter (jigspharma.com)