Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Medical search

A species of GREEN ALGAE. Delicate, hairlike appendages arise from the flagellar surface in these organisms.

A genus GREEN ALGAE in the order VOLVOCIDA. It consists of solitary biflagellated organisms common in fresh water and damp soil.

Proteins found in any species of algae.

Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.

A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. Prokaryote flagella are composed of a protein called FLAGELLIN. Bacteria can have a single flagellum, a tuft at one pole, or multiple flagella covering the entire surface. In eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basic structure as CILIA but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Ribonucleic acid in algae having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

Cytochromes f are found as components of the CYTOCHROME B6F COMPLEX. They play important role in the transfer of electrons from PHOTOSYSTEM I to PHOTOSYSTEM II.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of algae.

The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)

A phylum of photosynthetic EUKARYOTA bearing double membrane-bound plastids containing chlorophyll a and b. They comprise the classical green algae, and represent over 7000 species that live in a variety of primarily aquatic habitats. Only about ten percent are marine species, most live in freshwater.

A protein complex that includes CYTOCHROME B6 and CYTOCHROME F. It is found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE and plays an important role in process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS by transferring electrons from PLASTOQUINONE to PLASTOCYANIN or CYTOCHROME C6. The transfer of electrons is coupled to the transport of PROTONS across the membrane.

A large multisubunit protein complex found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived from LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES to catalyze the splitting of WATER into DIOXYGEN and of reducing equivalents of HYDROGEN.

Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.

A large multisubunit protein complex that is found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived from LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES to drive electron transfer reactions that result in either the reduction of NADP to NADPH or the transport of PROTONS across the membrane.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Protein complexes that take part in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They are located within the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of plant CHLOROPLASTS and a variety of structures in more primitive organisms. There are two major complexes involved in the photosynthetic process called PHOTOSYSTEM I and PHOTOSYSTEM II.

Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

The functional hereditary units of protozoa.

A copper-containing plant protein that is a fundamental link in the electron transport chain of green plants during the photosynthetic conversion of light energy by photophosphorylation into the potential energy of chemical bonds.

Membranous cisternae of the CHLOROPLAST containing photosynthetic pigments, reaction centers, and the electron-transport chain. Each thylakoid consists of a flattened sac of membrane enclosing a narrow intra-thylakoid space (Lackie and Dow, Dictionary of Cell Biology, 2nd ed). Individual thylakoids are interconnected and tend to stack to form aggregates called grana. They are found in cyanobacteria and all plants.

A bundle of MICROTUBULES and MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS forming the core of each CILIUM or FLAGELLUM. In most eukaryotic cilia or flagella, an axoneme shaft has 20 microtubules arranged in nine doublets and two singlets.

Complexes containing CHLOROPHYLL and other photosensitive molecules. They serve to capture energy in the form of PHOTONS and are generally found as components of the PHOTOSYSTEM I PROTEIN COMPLEX or the PHOTOSYSTEM II PROTEIN COMPLEX.

Proteins found in any species of protozoan.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of a phenol sulfate to yield a phenol and sulfate. Arylsulfatase A, B, and C have been separated. A deficiency of arylsulfatases is one of the causes of metachromatic leukodystrophy (LEUKODYSTROPHY, METACHROMATIC). EC 3.1.6.1.

A pre-emergent herbicide.

A family of multisubunit cytoskeletal motor proteins that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to power a variety of cellular functions. Dyneins fall into two major classes based upon structural and functional criteria.

Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.

A highly branched glucan in starch.

Polyunsaturated side-chain quinone derivative which is an important link in the electron transport chain of green plants during the photosynthetic conversion of light energy by photophosphorylation into the potential energy of chemical bonds.

A genus of GREEN ALGAE in the family Volvocaceae. They form spherical colonies of hundreds or thousands of bi-flagellated cells in a semi-transparent gelatinous ball.

A carboxy-lyase that plays a key role in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in the CALVIN-BENSON CYCLE by catalyzing the formation of 3-phosphoglycerate from ribulose 1,5-biphosphate and CARBON DIOXIDE. It can also utilize OXYGEN as a substrate to catalyze the synthesis of 2-phosphoglycolate and 3-phosphoglycerate in a process referred to as photorespiration.

The absence of light.

An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.

Cytochromes of the c type that are involved in the transfer of electrons from CYTOCHROME B6F COMPLEX and PHOTOSYSTEM I.

A non-taxonomic term for unicellular microscopic algae which are found in both freshwater and marine environments. Some authors consider DIATOMS; CYANOBACTERIA; HAPTOPHYTA; and DINOFLAGELLATES as part of microalgae, even though they are not algae.

Ribonucleic acid in chloroplasts having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Proteins encoded by the CHLOROPLAST GENOME or proteins encoded by the nuclear genome that are imported to and resident in the CHOROPLASTS.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of CHLOROPLASTS.

An enzyme found in bacteria. It catalyzes the reduction of FERREDOXIN and other substances in the presence of molecular hydrogen and is involved in the electron transport of bacterial photosynthesis.

A family of zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They play an important role in the transport of CARBON DIOXIDE from the tissues to the LUNG. EC 4.2.1.1.

Cytochromes (electron-transporting proteins) with protoheme (HEME B) as the prosthetic group.

The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270)

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain polymer of glucose in the form of amylose and amylopectin. It is the chief storage form of energy reserve (carbohydrates) in plants.

The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight [1.00784; 1.00811]. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are PROTONS. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM and the unstable, radioactive isotope TRITIUM.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Hemeproteins whose characteristic mode of action involves transfer of reducing equivalents which are associated with a reversible change in oxidation state of the prosthetic group. Formally, this redox change involves a single-electron, reversible equilibrium between the Fe(II) and Fe(III) states of the central iron atom (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p539). The various cytochrome subclasses are organized by the type of HEME and by the wavelength range of their reduced alpha-absorption bands.

The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.

Nonmotile unicellular green algae potentially valuable as a source of high-grade protein and B-complex vitamins.

An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of glucose from ADPglucose to glucose-containing polysaccharides in 1,4-alpha-linkages. EC 2.4.1.21.

An enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to give prephytoene diphosphate. The prephytoene diphosphate molecule is a precursor for CAROTENOIDS and other tetraterpenes.

The quantity of volume or surface area of ORGANELLES.

Iron-containing proteins that transfer electrons, usually at a low potential, to flavoproteins; the iron is not present as in heme. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Ribonucleic acid in protozoa having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

Slender, cylindrical filaments found in the cytoskeleton of plant and animal cells. They are composed of the protein TUBULIN and are influenced by TUBULIN MODULATORS.

Processes by which phototrophic organisms use sunlight as their primary energy source. Contrasts with chemotrophic processes which do not depend on light and function in deriving energy from exogenous chemical sources. Photoautotrophy (or photolithotrophy) is the ability to use sunlight as energy to fix inorganic nutrients to be used for other organic requirements. Photoautotrophs include all GREEN PLANTS; GREEN ALGAE; CYANOBACTERIA; and green and PURPLE SULFUR BACTERIA. Photoheterotrophs or photoorganotrophs require a supply of organic nutrients for their organic requirements but use sunlight as their primary energy source; examples include certain PURPLE NONSULFUR BACTERIA. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (AUTOTROPHY; HETEROTROPHY; chemotrophy; or phototrophy) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrients and energy requirements.

An enzyme that hydrolyzes 1,6-alpha-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin, and their beta-limit dextrins. It is distinguished from pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) by its inability to attack pullulan and by the feeble action of alpha-limit dextrins. It is distinguished from amylopectin 6-glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.69) by its action on glycogen. With EC 3.2.1.69, it produces the activity called "debranching enzyme". EC 3.2.1.68.

A ferredoxin-containing enzyme that catalyzes the COENZYME A-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of PYRUVATE to acetyl-COENZYME A and CARBON DIOXIDE.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

A thioredoxin subtype that is ubiquitously found in the plant kingdom. It reduces a variety of seed storage proteins and may play a role in the germination process of seeds.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of coproporphyrinogen III to protoporphyrinogen IX by the conversion of two propionate groups to two vinyl groups. It is the sixth enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME, and is encoded by CPO gene. Mutations of CPO gene result in HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA.

Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of protozoa.

One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and ARCHAEA), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including ANIMALS; PLANTS; FUNGI; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista.

The genetic complement of CHLOROPLASTS as represented in their DNA.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

A group of proteins possessing only the iron-sulfur complex as the prosthetic group. These proteins participate in all major pathways of electron transport: photosynthesis, respiration, hydroxylation and bacterial hydrogen and nitrogen fixation.

The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

The complete genetic complement contained in a set of CHROMOSOMES in a protozoan.

Self-replicating, short, fibrous, rod-shaped organelles. Each centriole is a short cylinder containing nine pairs of peripheral microtubules, arranged so as to form the wall of the cylinder.

A microtubule subunit protein found in large quantities in mammalian brain. It has also been isolated from SPERM FLAGELLUM; CILIA; and other sources. Structurally, the protein is a dimer with a molecular weight of approximately 120,000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 5.8S. It binds to COLCHICINE; VINCRISTINE; and VINBLASTINE.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

A natural tocopherol with less antioxidant activity than alpha-tocopherol. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. As in GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus but at different sites.

An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of gonorrhea.

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

Self-replicating cytoplasmic organelles of plant and algal cells that contain pigments and may synthesize and accumulate various substances. PLASTID GENOMES are used in phylogenetic studies.

Ribonucleic acid in plants having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

The use of light to convert ADP to ATP without the concomitant reduction of dioxygen to water as occurs during OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION in MITOCHONDRIA.

A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

Role of a novel photosystem II-associated carbonic anhydrase in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (1/1304)

Intracellular carbonic anhydrases (CA) in aquatic photosynthetic organisms are involved in the CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM), which helps to overcome CO2 limitation in the environment. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, this CCM is initiated and maintained by the pH gradient created across the chloroplast thylakoid membranes by photosystem (PS) II-mediated electron transport. We show here that photosynthesis is stimulated by a novel, intracellular alpha-CA bound to the chloroplast thylakoids. It is associated with PSII on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membranes. We demonstrate that PSII in association with this lumenal CA operates to provide an ample flux of CO2 for carboxylation. (+info)

Characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii zygote-specific cDNAs that encode novel proteins containing ankyrin repeats and WW domains. (2/1304)

Genes that are expressed only in the young zygote are considered to be of great importance in the development of an isogamous green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Clones representing the Zys3 gene were isolated from a cDNA library prepared using zygotes at 10 min after fertilization. Sequencing of Zys3 cDNA clones resulted in the isolation of two related molecular species. One of them encoded a protein that contained two kinds of protein-to-protein interaction motifs known as ankyrin repeats and WW domains. The other clone lacked the ankyrin repeats but was otherwise identical. These mRNA species began to accumulate simultaneously in cells beginning 10 min after fertilization, and reached maximum levels at about 4 h, after which time levels decreased markedly. Genomic DNA gel-blot analysis indicated that Zys3 was a single-copy gene. The Zys3 proteins exhibited parallel expression to the Zys3 mRNAs at first, appearing 2 h after mating, and reached maximum levels at more than 6 h, but persisted to at least 1 d. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed their localization in the endoplasmic reticulum, which suggests a role in the morphological changes of the endoplasmic reticulum or in the synthesis and transport of proteins to the Golgi apparatus or related vesicles. (+info)

Photosystem I is indispensable for photoautotrophic growth, CO2 fixation, and H2 photoproduction in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (3/1304)

Certain Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutants deficient in photosystem I due to defects in psaA mRNA maturation have been reported to be capable of CO2 fixation, H2 photoevolution, and photoautotrophic growth (Greenbaum, E., Lee, J. W., Tevault, C. V., Blankinship, S. L. , and Mets, L. J. (1995) Nature 376, 438-441 and Lee, J. W., Tevault, C. V., Owens, T. G.; Greenbaum, E. (1996) Science 273, 364-367). We have generated deletions of photosystem I core subunits in both wild type and these mutant strains and have analyzed their abilities to grow photoautotrophically, to fix CO2, and to photoevolve O2 or H2 (using mass spectrometry) as well as their photosystem I content (using immunological and spectroscopic analyses). We find no instance of a strain that can perform photosynthesis in the absence of photosystem I. The F8 strain harbored a small amount of photosystem I, and it could fix CO2 and grow slowly, but it lost these abilities after deletion of either psaA or psaC; these activities could be restored to the F8-psaADelta mutant by reintroduction of psaA. We observed limited O2 photoevolution in mutants lacking photosystem I; use of 18O2 indicated that this O2 evolution is coupled to O2 uptake (i.e. respiration) rather than CO2 fixation or H2 evolution. We conclude that the reported instances of CO2 fixation, H2 photoevolution, and photoautotrophic growth of photosystem I-deficient mutants result from the presence of unrecognized photosystem I. (+info)

Induction of coproporphyrinogen oxidase in Chlamydomonas chloroplasts occurs via transcriptional regulation of Cpx1 mediated by copper response elements and increased translation from a copper deficiency-specific form of the transcript. (4/1304)

Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, encoded by a single nuclear gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, produces three distinct transcripts. One of these transcripts is greatly induced in copper-deficient cells by transcriptional activation, whereas the other forms are copper-insensitive. The induced form of the transcript was expressed coordinately with the cytochrome c6-encoding (Cyc6) gene, which is known to be transcriptionally regulated in copper-deficient cells. The sequence GTAC, which forms the core of a copper response element associated with the Cyc6 gene, is also essential for induction of the Cpx1 gene, suggesting that both are targets of the same signal transduction pathway. The constitutive and induced Cpx1 transcripts have the same half-lives in vivo, and all encode the same polypeptide with a chloroplast-targeting transit sequence, but the shortest one representing the induced form is a 2-4-fold better template for translation than are either of the constitutive forms. The enzyme remains localized to a soluble compartment in the chloroplast even in induced cells, and its abundance is not affected when the tetrapyrrole pathway is manipulated either genetically or by gabaculine treatment. (+info)

Group II intron splicing in Escherichia coli: phenotypes of cis-acting mutations resemble splicing defects observed in organelle RNA processing. (5/1304)

The mitochondrial group IIB intron rI1, from the green algae Scenedesmus obliquus ' LSUrRNA gene, has been introduced into the lacZ gene encoding beta-galacto-sidase. After DNA-mediated transformation of the recombinant lacZ gene into Escherichia coli, we observed correct splicing of the chimeric precursor RNA in vivo. In contrast to autocatalytic in vitro self-splicing, intron processing in vivo is independent of the growth temperature, suggesting that in E.coli, trans -acting factors are involved in group II intron splicing. Such a system would seem suitable as a model for analyzing intron processing in a prokaryotic host. In order to study further the effect of cis -mutations on intron splicing, different rI1 mutants were analyzed (with respect to their splicing activity) in E.coli. Although the phenotypes of these E. coli intron splicing mutants were identical to those which can be observed during organellar splicing of rI1, they are different to those observed in in vitro self-splicing experiments. Therefore, in both organelles and prokaryotes, it is likely that either similar splicing factors or trans -acting factors exhibiting similar functions are involved in splicing. We speculate that ubiquitous trans -acting factors, via recent horizontal transfer, have contributed to the spread of group II introns. (+info)

Group II intron splicing in chloroplasts: identificationof mutations determining intron stability and fate of exon RNA. (6/1304)

In order to investigate in vivo splicing of group II introns in chloroplasts, we previously have integrated the mitochondrial intron rI1 from the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus into the Chlamydomonas chloroplast tscA gene. This construct allows a functional analysis of conserved intron sequences in vivo, since intron rI1 is correctly spliced in chloroplasts. Using site-directed mutagenesis, deletions of the conserved intron domains V and VI were performed. In another set of experiments, each possible substitution of the strictly conserved first intron nucleotide G1 was generated, as well as each possible single and double mutation of the tertiary base pairing gamma-gamma ' involved in the formation of the intron's tertiary RNA structure. In most cases, the intron mutations showed the same effect on in vivo intron splicing efficiency as they did on the in vitro self-splicing reaction, since catalytic activity is provided by the intron RNA itself. In vivo, all mutations have additional effects on the chimeric tscA -rI1 RNA, most probably due to the role played by trans -acting factors in intron processing. Substitutions of the gamma-gamma ' base pair lead to an accumulation of excised intron RNA, since intron stability is increased. In sharp contrast to autocatalytic splicing, all point mutations result in a complete loss of exon RNA, although the spliced intron accumulates to high levels. Intron degradation and exon ligation only occur in double mutants with restored base pairing between the gamma and gamma' sites. Therefore, we conclude that intron degradation, as well as the ligation of exon-exon molecules, depends on the tertiary intron structure. Furthermore, our data suggest that intron excision proceeds in vivo independent of ligation of exon-exon molecules. (+info)

Identification of cis-acting RNA leader elements required for chloroplast psbD gene expression in Chlamydomonas. (7/1304)

The psbD mRNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is one of the most abundant chloroplast transcripts and encodes the photosystem II reaction center polypeptide D2. This RNA exists in two forms with 5' untranslated regions of 74 and 47 nucleotides. The shorter form, which is associated with polysomes, is likely to result from processing of the larger RNA. Using site-directed mutagenesis and biolistic transformation, we have identified two major RNA stability determinants within the first 12 nucleotides at the 5' end and near position -30 relative to the AUG initiation codon of psbD. Insertion of a polyguanosine tract at position -60 did not appreciably interfere with translation of psbD mRNA. The same poly(G) insertion in the nac2-26 mutant, which is known to be deficient in psbD mRNA accumulation, stabilized the psbD RNA. However, the shorter psbD RNA did not accumulate, and the other psbD RNAs were not translated. Two other elements were found to affect translation but not RNA stability. The first comprises a highly U-rich sequence (positions -20 to -15), and the second, called PRB1 (positions -14 to -11), is complementary to the 3' end of the 16S rRNA. Changing the PRB1 sequence from GGAG to AAAG had no detectable effect on psbD mRNA translation. However, changing this sequence to CCUC led to a fourfold diminished rate of D2 synthesis and accumulation. When the psbD initiation codon was changed to AUA or AUU, D2 synthesis was no longer detected, and psbD RNA accumulated to wild-type levels. The singular organization of the psbD 5' untranslated region could play an important role in the control of initiation of psbD mRNA translation. (+info)

Direct measurement of inter-doublet elasticity in flagellar axonemes. (8/1304)

The outer doublet microtubules in ciliary and flagellar axonemes are presumed to be connected with each other by elastic links called the inter-doublet links or the nexin links, but it is not known whether there actually are such elastic links. In this study, to detect the elasticity of the putative inter-doublet links, shear force was applied to Chlamydomonas axonemes with a fine glass needle and the longitudinal elasticity was determined from the deflection of the needle. Wild-type axonemes underwent a high-frequency, nanometer-scale vibration in the presence of ATP. When longitudinal shear force was applied, the average position of the needle tip attached to the axoneme moved linearly with the force applied, yielding an estimate of spring constant of 2.0 (S.D.: 0.8) pN/nm for 1 microm of axoneme. This value did not change in the presence of vanadate, i.e., when dynein does not form strong cross bridges. In contrast, it was at least five times larger when ATP was absent, i.e., when dynein forms strong cross bridges. The measured elasticity did not significantly differ in various mutant axonemes lacking the central-pair microtubules, a subset of inner-arm dynein, outer-arm dynein, or the radial spokes, although it was somewhat smaller in the latter two mutants. It was also observed that the shear displacement in an axoneme in the presence of ATP often took place in a stepwise manner. This suggests that the inter-doublet links can reversibly detach from and reattach to the outer doublets in a cooperative manner. This study thus provides the first direct measure of the elasticity of inter-doublet links and also demonstrates its dynamic nature. (+info)

Lessons from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant Physiology. 127 (4): 1500-7. doi:10.1104/pp.010807. PMC 1540183. PMID 11743094. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagellum

Lessons from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant Physiology. 127 (4): 1500-1507. doi:10.1104/pp.010807. PMC 1540183. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_cell

Crutchfield A, Diller K, Brand J (1999-02-01). "Cryopreservation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyta)". European Journal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viability_assay

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Volvox carteri). The latter implies that UVR8 potentially appeared before the evolutionary split ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UVR8

Crutchfield A, Diller K, Brand J (1999). "Cryopreservation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyta)". European Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evans_Blue_(dye)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) and archaea (e.g., Methanococcus jannaschii). The proteins are of about 450 amino acyl residues in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MatC_family

based on the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome. It has 866 unique ORFs, 1862 metabolites, 2499 gene-enzyme-reaction-association ... a genome-scale metabolic reconstruction of algae based on the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome". BMC Genomics. 12 Suppl 4: S5. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioCyc_database_collection

Ensuing studies 20 years after the identification of the same mutant strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii found that the ... When a photorespiratory mutant of the eukaryotic green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was studied, the mutant strain was ... Suzuki K, Marek LF, Spalding MH (May 1990). "A Photorespiratory Mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant Physiology. 93 (1 ... "Characteristics and sequence of phosphoglycolate phosphatase from a eukaryotic green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoglycolate_phosphatase

Schimmer, O; Kühne, I (1991). "Furoquinoline alkaloids as photosensitizers in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Mutation Research. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furoquinoline_alkaloid

December 2008). "Toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Environmental Science & Technology. 42 (23): ... Chlamydomanas reinhardtii, but after 2 hours of incubation it was revealed that the algae containing silver nanoparticles were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_nanoparticle

Sequencing of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome was reported in October 2007. A Chlamydomonas genetic stock center exists at ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has well-studied genetics, with many known and mapped mutants and expressed sequence tags, and there ... See also Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, above under Protists. Amphimedon queenslandica, a demosponge from the phylum Porifera used ... "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii resources at the Joint Genome Institute". Archived from the original on 2008-07-23. Retrieved 2015-02 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_model_organisms

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii] - Protein - NCBI". "Radial spoke head component 1 L homeolog [Xenopus laevis] - Protein - NCBI". " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morn_repeat_containing_1

The discovery of pyrenoid deficient mutants with normal starch grains in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, as well as ... Moroney, J. V., & Ynalvez, R. A. (2007). Proposed carbon dioxide concentrating mechanism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ... reinhardtii pyrenoids in vivo, further supporting a "linker" role for EPYC1. The proteome of the Chlamydomonas pyrenoid has ... in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, multiple thylakoids merge at the periphery of the pyrenoid to form larger tubules ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrenoid

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular green alga with well-studied genetics, is used to study photosynthesis and motility. C ... "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii resources at the Joint Genome Institute". Archived from the original on 2008-07-23. Retrieved 2007-10 ... reinhardtii has many known and mapped mutants and expressed sequence tags, and there are advanced methods for genetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_organism

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii putative sulphur deprivation response regulator SAC1. This family also includes a number of bacterial ... a putative regulator that is critical for survival of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during sulfur deprivation". EMBO J. 15 (9): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_sulfate_symporter

She worked alongside Bruce Selman on the single-cell algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model ... Merchant was the first to demonstrate that the RNA for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii plastocyanin is produced when copper is ... "Studies on chloroplast development in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii IV. Control of rapid chlorophyll formation in greening y-1 ... crystal structure of plastocyanin from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Biochemistry. 32 (40): 10560-10567. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabeeha_Merchant

Avasthi uses Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular green alga, to investigate the assembly of cilia. She was particularly ... She works on upwardly motile Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and is on the Board of Directors of eLife. Avasthi studied integrative ... Here she began work on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a model organism for studying cilia. Cilia function requires normal cilia ... September 2014). "Actin is required for IFT regulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Current Biology. 24 (17): 2025-32. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prachee_Avasthi

However, experimentation on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, discovered Plastoquinone (PQ) to be a redox carrier. The role of this ... Peltier, G.; Schmidt, G. W. (1991). "Chlororespiration: an adaptation to nitrogen deficiency in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". ... The mutant Chlamydomonas plant species, lacks photosystems one and two (PS I and PS II), so when the plant underwent flash- ... Evidence using mass spectrometry on algae and photosynthetic mutants of Chlamydomonas, discovered that oxygen molecules were ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlororespiration

... is a homing endonuclease whose gene was first discovered in the chloroplast genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a ... Seligman, LM; Stephens, KM; Savage, JH; Monnat, RJ (1997). "Genetic Analysis of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii I-CreI Mobile ... Rochaix, JD; Malnoe, P (1978). "Anatomy of the chloroplast ribosomal DNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Cell. 15 (2): 661-670. ... Dürrenberger F, Rochaix JD (November 1991). "Chloroplast ribosomal intron of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: in vitro self-splicing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-CreI

Polypeptide phosphorylation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii », ( 1984) 98, j. cell. biol., p. 1-7 Wollman F-A., « State ... Lateral distribution of the main protein complexes of the photosynthetic apparatus in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and in spinach ... an approach using genetic transformation of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii », EMBO J., (1994), 13(5), p. 1019-27 ... Using the power of the genetic approach in a microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhartdii, he combined biophysical, biochemical and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis-André_Wollman

"An energy balance from absorbed photons to new biomass for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlamydomonas acidophila under neutral ... In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Photosystem II produces in direct conversion of sunlight 80% of the electrons that end up in the ... Six years later, Hans Gaffron observed that the green photosynthetic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, would sometimes produce ... "Truncated Photosystem Chlorophyll Antenna Size in the Green Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii upon Deletion of the TLA3- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biohydrogen

"Purification and Molecular Properties of Urate Oxidase from Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stokes_radius

Some of these organisms produce hydrogen upon switching culture conditions; for example, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii produces ... "Sustained hydrogen photoproduction by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Effects of culture parameters". Biotechnology and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_fuel

Meyer, Moritz (2010). Physiological and molecular determinants of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii pyrenoid (PhD thesis). ... focusing on the molecular determinants of the chloroplast pyrenoid in Chlamydomonas. He has a major collaboration funded by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Griffiths_(scientist)

Mitra M, Melis A (February 2010). "Genetic and biochemical analysis of the TLA1 gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Planta. 231 ... "Modulation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna size in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by TLA1 gene over-expression and RNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum_membrane_protein_complex

"An energy balance from absorbed photons to new biomass for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlamydomonas acidophila under neutral ... In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Photosystem II produces in direct conversion of sunlight 80% of the electrons that end up in the ... Six years later, Hans Gaffron observed that the green photosynthetic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, would sometimes produce ... "Identification of Global Ferredoxin Interaction Networks in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 288 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_hydrogen_production

SQDGs degrade during sulfur starvation in some species such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This response is for the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfoquinovosyl_diacylglycerol

Jan 2000). "Isolation and characterization of arsenate-sensitive and resistant mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic_poisoning

... of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are (hydroxy)proline-specific proteases". European Journal of Biochemistry. 170 (1-2): 485-91. doi ... gelatin and Leu-Trp-Met-Arg-Phe-Ala This glycoprotein is present in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gametes. Gram-positive bacteria ... during sexual signalling in Chlamydomonas: the enzyme is stored as an inactive, higher relative molecular mass precursor in the ... and hydroxyproline-rich proteins of the Chlamydomonas cell wall; also cleaves azocasein, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autolysin

I think the sulfur starve method of hydrogen production was discovered with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a green algae rather ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Cyanobacteria

Beberapa organisme meliputi ganggang Chlamydomonas reinhardtii dan cyanobacteria memiliki tahap kedua, yaitu reaksi gelap, yang ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the landscape of pigments. - Annu. Rev. Genet., 2004, kd 38, nr 1, lk 119-173. Resümee. Resümee. ...

https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lükopeen

Grossman AR, Lohr M, Im CS (2004). "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the landscape of pigments". Annu. Rev. Genet. 38 (1): 119-73. ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licopeno

Recently, cellulases have also been found in green microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Gonium pectorale and Volvox carteri) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulase

Lessons from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant Physiol. 127 (4): 1500-1507. doi:10.1104/pp. 010807. PMC 1540183. PubMed. ...

https://ta.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/கசையிழை

Species in the Dunaliella genus are morphogically similar to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with the main exception being that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunaliella_salina

Grossman AR, Lohr M, Im CS (2004). "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the landscape of pigments". Annu. Rev. Genet. 38: 119-73. doi: ...

https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/லிகோபீன்

Some such organisms, including the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and cyanobacteria, have evolved a second step in the dark ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E949

Lessons from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant Physiol. 127 (4): 1500-1507. PMC 1540183. PMID 11743094. doi:10.1104/pp.010807. ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bič_

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii）作为模式生物，给细胞生物学提供了重要的

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/植物学

"Integration of chloroplast nucleic acid metabolism into the phosphate deprivation response in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynucleotide_phosphorylase

Herron et al [50] performed laboratory evolution experiments on the single-celled green alga, C. reinhardtii, using paramecium ... S. M. Miller (2010). "Volvox, Chlamydomonas, and the evolution of multicellularity". Nature Education. 3 (9): 65.. ... They found that in the presence of this predator, C. reinhardtii does indeed evolve simple multicellular features. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicellular_organism

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii on üherakuline rohevetikas, mille põhjal uuritakse fotosünteesi, vibureid ja liikuvust, ainevahetuse ...

https://et.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudelorganism

... and Biochemical Characterization in Wild-Type and Starchless Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Eukaryotic Cell. 8 (12): 1856-1868. ... "RNA Interference Silencing of a Major Lipid Droplet Protein Affects Lipid Droplet Size in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_fuel

... using the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model organism.[7] She performed breeding experiments with the algae, mating ... it also showed that there are multiple independent genetic systems in Chlamydomonas.[2] She found further evidence when she ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Sager

萊茵衣藻（英語：Chlamydomonas reinhardtii）. *四膜蟲. *釀酒酵母 ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/黑腹果蝇

"Higher plant-like subunit composition of mitochondrial complex I from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: 31 conserved components among ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADH_dehydrogenase_

Grossman AR, Lohr M, Im CS (2004). „Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the landscape of pigments". Annu. Rev. Genet. 38 (1): 119-73. ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likopen

Lessons from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant Physiology. 127 (4): 1500-1507. doi:10.1104/pp.010807. PMC 1540183. PMID ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_cells

Chloroplast-encoded chlB is required for light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase activity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ... Later, by the sequence similarity, a similar protein was found in Chlamydomonas algae,[9] showing that this regulatory ... In a different manner, the Chlamydomonas regulatory protein is more complex: It is larger, crosses the thylakoid membrane twice ... The FLP proteins act as regulators of chlorophyll synthesis in response to light and plastid signals in Chlamydomonas. Genes & ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protochlorophyllide

The single celled green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, while not an embryophyte itself, contains a green-pigmented chloroplast ... The Molecular Biology of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria in Chlamydomonas. Dordrecht, Germany: Kluwer Academic. ISBN 978-0-7923- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_science

Transmission electron micrograph of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a green alga that contains a pyrenoid surrounded by starch. ... Required for Normal Pyrenoid Formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Plant Physiology. 156 (2): 884-96. doi:10.1104/pp. ... "Chlamydomonas Ehrenberg, 1833: 288". algaeBASE. Retrieved 19 May 2013.. *^ "Spirogyra Link, 1820: 5". algaeBASE. Retrieved 19 ... J D, Rochaix (1998). The molecular biology of chloroplasts and mitochondria in Chlamydomonas. Dordrecht [u.a.]: Kluwer Acad. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplasts

... reinhardtii Transcription Factor Database. *"Chlamydomonas", a song by Andy Offutt Irwin about the life cycle of ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii[9]. Ecology[edit]. Widely distributed in freshwater or damp soil.[1]It is generally found in habitat ... The dynamic behaviour of mitochrandia in living zygotes during maturation and meiosis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. European ... Chlamydomonas is a genus of green algae consisting of about 325 species[1] all unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlamydomonas

Work has been done with duckweed Lemna minor,[61] the algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii[62] and the moss Physcomitrella patens.[ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgenic_animal

In many unicellular organisms (e.g., the ciliate Tetrahymena and the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), and in rare cases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Vitis viniferaas well as in vertebrates including Danio rerio and Taeniopygia guttata. GRCh38: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WNK1

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (green algae) Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey) Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) Danio rerio ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioGRID

"Home - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii v3.0". "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mitochondrion, complete genome". February 2010. Cite journal ... Chlamydomonas species are widely distributed worldwide in soil and fresh water. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an especially well ... and reinhardtii all refer to the same species, C. reinhardtii Dangeard. Chlamydomonas is used as a model organism for research ... "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast, complete genome". 2004-01-23. Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) "Chlamydomonas ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlamydomonas_reinhardtii

High-frequency nuclear transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.. K L Kindle. PNAS February 1, 1990 87 (3) 1228-1232; https ... High-frequency nuclear transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ... Gametogenesis in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii minus Mating Type Is Controlled by Two Genes, MID and MTD1 ... By using a method in which cell-wall-deficient Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells were agitated in the presence of DNA, glass ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/87/3/1228?ijkey=f96752a3c6ff6e4ecaa7d81eaa18a9d53bacd593&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Eyespot-Assembly Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mary Rose Lamb, Susan K. Dutcher, Cathy K. Worley and Carol L. Dieckmann ... Eyespot-Assembly Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mary Rose Lamb, Susan K. Dutcher, Cathy K. Worley and Carol L. Dieckmann ... Eyespot-Assembly Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mary Rose Lamb, Susan K. Dutcher, Cathy K. Worley and Carol L. Dieckmann ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-celled green alga that phototaxes toward light by means of a light-sensitive organelle, ...

http://www.genetics.org/content/153/2/721

The D66 strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a single-celled green alga, is a cell-wall-deficient strain of algae that exhibits ... The D66 strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been genetically engineered with no cell wall in order to increase the strains ... Adams, James (May 2004). "MOLECULAR, GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII INSERTIONAL ... "Rubisco Activase is Required for Optimal Photosynthesis in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in a Low-CO2 Atmosphere". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D66_strain_of_Chlamydomonas_reinhardtii

Maul, JE, Lilly, JW, Cui, L, DePamphilis, CW, Miller, W, Harris, EH, Stern, DB 2002The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plastid ... Klein, U, De Camp, JD, Bogorad, L 1992Two types of chloroplast gene promoters in Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiProc Natl Acad Sci ... Van, K, Wang, Y, Nakamura, Y, Spalding, MH 2001Insertional mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that require elevated CO2 for ... Liu, XQ, Gillham, NW, Boynton, JE 1988Chloroplast ribosomal protein L-18 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is processed during ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11120-004-2440-5

Tryptophan analog resistance mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.. S K Dutcher, R E Galloway, W R Barclay and G Poortinga ... Tryptophan analog resistance mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.. S K Dutcher, R E Galloway, W R Barclay and G Poortinga ... Tryptophan analog resistance mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.. S K Dutcher, R E Galloway, W R Barclay and G Poortinga ... Tryptophan analog resistance mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you ...

https://www.genetics.org/content/131/3/593

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nar-2, nar-3, and nar-4 genes, which are within a nitrate-regulated gene cluster containing the ... Identification of nitrate transporter genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plant J. 1994 Mar;5(3):407-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1365- ... The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nar-2, nar-3, and nar-4 genes, which are within a nitrate-regulated gene cluster containing the ... These data strongly support the hypothesis that the nitrate transport system in C. reinhardtii contains at least two protein ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8180624/?dopt=Abstract

Boyle NR, Morgan JA (2009) Flux balance analysis of primary metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BMC Syst Biol 3:4CrossRef ... Buleon A et al (1997) Starches from A to C. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model microbial system to investigate the ... In this work we examined the possibility of studying, by solid-state NMR, the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii fully ... Bonente G, Pippa S, Castellano S, Bassi R, Ballottari M (2012) Acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to different growth ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10858-018-0164-7

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas smithii). ,p>This subsection of the ,a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand% ... sp,B5BUZ8,KTU_CHLRE Protein kintoun OS=Chlamydomonas reinhardtii OX=3055 GN=pf13 PE=2 SV=1 ... "Three distinct inner dynein arms in Chlamydomonas flagella: molecular composition and location in the axoneme.". Piperno G., ... "Three distinct inner dynein arms in Chlamydomonas flagella: molecular composition and location in the axoneme.". Piperno G., ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B5BUZ8

Hoshaw, R.W. & Ettl, H. (1966). Chlamydomonas smithii sp. nov. - a chlamydomonad interfertile with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P.A.Dangeard. Classification: Empire Eukaryota. Kingdom Plantae. Subkingdom Viridiplantae. ... Isolation and preliminary characterization of three Chlamydomonas strains interfertile with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ( ... as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P.A.Dangeard). Europe: Balearic Islands (Cambra Sánchez, Álvarez Cobelas & Aboal Sanjurjo 1998), ...

http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=27356&distro=y

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: Cre07.g324550, CHLRE_07g324550v5. Find proteins for B0LUZ5 (Chlamydomonas ... Identification of the Elusive Pyruvate Reductase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplasts.. Burgess, S.J., Taha, H., Yeoman, J ... Identification of the pyruvate reductase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. *DOI: 10.2210/pdb4ZGS/pdb ... Under anoxic conditions the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii activates various fermentation pathways leading to the ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4ZGS

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: RSP23, CHLRE_16g654300v5, CHLREDRAFT_139197. EC: 2.7.4.6. ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: RSP5, CHLREDRAFT_190792. EC: 1. ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: RSP10, CHLRE_01g005450v5, CHLREDRAFT_185792. ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: RSP9, CHLRE_07g330200v5, CHLREDRAFT_182960. ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/7jrj

Genomics and functional genomics in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Title: Genomics and functional genomics in Chlamydomonas ... Here, in this paper, we employ the reference unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to identify the effect of H 2O 2 ... Growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in acetate-free medium when co-cultured with alginate-encapsulated, acetate-producing ... Upon fertilization Chlamydomonas reinhardtii zygotes undergo a program of differentiation into a diploid zygospore that is ...

https://www.osti.gov/pages/biblio/1351725-genomics-functional-genomics-chlamydomonas-reinhardtii

Hoshaw, R.W. & Ettl, H. (1966). Chlamydomonas smithii sp. nov. - a chlamydomonad interfertile with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P.A.Dangeard 1888. Classification: Empire Eukaryota. Kingdom Plantae. Subkingdom Viridiplantae. ... Isolation and preliminary characterization of three Chlamydomonas strains interfertile with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ( ... Ford, C. & Wang, W.-Y. (1980). Three new yellow loci in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Molecular and General Genetics 179: 259-264. ...

https://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=27356

... Xiaodong Deng,1 ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/715020/sup/

... Larisa ... "Identification of the Elusive Pyruvate Reductase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplasts," Plant And Cell Physiology, vol. 57 ... "High-Resolution Profiling of a Synchronized Diurnal Transcriptome from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Reveals Continuous Cell and ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2012/565047/citations/

Complementation of a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant using a genomic cosmid library.. Purton S1, Rochaix JD. ... We report the rescue of an arginine-requiring mutant (arg7-8) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by complementation using total DNA ... We conclude that these represent true transformants and that any stable nuclear mutant of Chlamydomonas could be rescued using ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8123795?dopt=Abstract

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas smithii). ,p>This subsection of the ,a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_ ... sp,Q9XHH2,DNAL1_CHLRE Dynein light chain 1, axonemal OS=Chlamydomonas reinhardtii OX=3055 GN=LC1 PE=1 SV=1 ... "The Chlamydomonas genome reveals the evolution of key animal and plant functions.". Merchant S.S., Prochnik S.E., Vallon O., ... "Light chain 1 from the Chlamydomonas outer dynein arm is a leucine-rich repeat protein associated with the motor domain of the ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9XHH2

Towards functional proteomics of membrane protein complexes: analysis of thylakoid membranes from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.. ... approach to analyse photosynthetic thylakoid membranes isolated from wild-type and mutant strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11849598?dopt=Abstract

Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [ Pathway menu , Organism menu , Pathway entry ...

http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?cre00130

The biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibits both positive and negative phototaxis to inhabit areas with ... Eyespot-dependent determination of the phototactic sign in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 May 10;113( ... The biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibits both positive and negative phototaxis to inhabit areas with ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27122315/

cDNA clones for the periplasmic carbonic anhydrase (CA; carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells ... cDNA cloning, sequence, and expression of carbonic anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: regulation by environmental CO2 ... cDNA cloning, sequence, and expression of carbonic anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: regulation by environmental CO2 ... cDNA cloning, sequence, and expression of carbonic anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: regulation by environmental CO2 ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/87/11/4383?ijkey=8f9943a0b884d47d89a225195c1b217d91e8ce9a&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Overexpressing Ferredoxins in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Increase Starch and Oil Yields and Enhance Electric Power Production in ... Linalool- and α-terpineol-induced programmed cell death in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Yueting Chen, Yuanyuan Weng, Min Zhou, ... Acetic acid-induced programmed cell death and release of volatile organic compounds in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol ... Photosynthetic electron flow affects H2O2 signaling by inactivation of catalase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Planta 228: 1055- ...

https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/biolog.2014.69.issue-10/s11756-014-0437-x/s11756-014-0437-x.xml?format=INT&lang=de

Characterizing the Anaerobic Response of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by Quantitative Proteomics. Mia Terashima, Michael Specht, ... Characterizing the Anaerobic Response of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by Quantitative Proteomics. Mia Terashima, Michael Specht, ... 1989) Analysis of the genes of the OEE1 and OEE3 proteins of the photosystem II complex from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant ... 1992) Characterization of chlorophyll a/b proteins of photosystem I from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 25714- ...

https://www.mcponline.org/content/9/7/1514?ijkey=2177e432136162da7783b8761586898c024df4f0&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Plant cell wall glycoproteins

http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329282

Cells of the unicellular photosynthetic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were fixed, sectioned, and examined by transmission ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cell Line. ac-5 ac-31 Cellular Component. chloroplast plastid plastid thylakoid membrane ... Cells of the unicellular photosynthetic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were fixed, sectioned, and examined by transmission ... Ursula W. Goodenough, L. Andrew Staehelin (2011) CIL:38707, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. CIL. Dataset. https://doi.org/doi: ...

http://cellimagelibrary.org/images/38707

We have cloned a gene (Mut6) from the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that is required for the silencing of a ... Transgene and Transposon Silencing in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by a DEAH-Box RNA Helicase ... Transgene and Transposon Silencing in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by a DEAH-Box RNA Helicase ... Transgene and Transposon Silencing in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by a DEAH-Box RNA Helicase ...

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/290/5494/1159

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plastid Chromosome. Jude E. Maul, Jason W. Lilly, Liying Cui, Claude W. dePamphilis, Webb Miller ... The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plastid Chromosome. Jude E. Maul, Jason W. Lilly, Liying Cui, Claude W. dePamphilis, Webb Miller ... The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plastid Chromosome. Islands of Genes in a Sea of Repeats. Jude E. Maul, Jason W. Lilly, Liying ... Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular eukaryotic alga possessing a single chloroplast that is widely used as a model ...

http://www.plantcell.org/content/14/11/2659.abstract

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plastid Chromosome. Jude E. Maul, Jason W. Lilly, Liying Cui, Claude W. dePamphilis, Webb Miller ... The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plastid Chromosome. Jude E. Maul, Jason W. Lilly, Liying Cui, Claude W. dePamphilis, Webb Miller ... The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Plastid Chromosome. Islands of Genes in a Sea of Repeats. Jude E. Maul, Jason W. Lilly, Liying ... Conserved gene clusters in the highly rearranged chloroplast genomes of Chlamydomonas moewusii and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ...

http://www.plantcell.org/content/14/11/2659

... and central metabolic pathways in the model unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The central role that microalgae ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/7/3/54/notes

Channelrhodopsin-1 and Channelrhodopsin-2, proteins that function as light-gated cation channels, were originally isolated from C. reinhardtii. (wikipedia.org)
The genome of C. Reinhardtii is significant for mitochondrial study as it is one species where the genes for 6 of the 13 proteins encoded for the mitochondria are found in the nucleus of the cell, leaving 7 in the mitochondria. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that chloroplast gene expression in Chlamydomonas is controlled primarily post-transcriptionally, including events that effect mRNA processing and stability, and during the translation of plastid mRNAs into proteins. (springer.com)
Emergence of the draft sequence of the Chlamydomonas nuclear genome has enabled us to carry out a prediction and comparative analysis of the proteins required for chloroplast mRNA translation. (springer.com)
Chlamydomonas chloroplasts contain all of the general translation factors found in bacteria, and a majority of the ribosomal proteins are conserved between plastids and bacteria. (springer.com)
However, Chlamydomonas contains a number of additional proteins and protein domains associated with the plastid ribosome, while some ribosomal proteins are either quite divergent or lacking. (springer.com)
Here, we reconstituted the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii RS head that abuts the CP and determined its structure using single-particle cryo-EM to 3.1-Å resolution, revealing a flat, negatively charged surface supported by a rigid core of tightly intertwined proteins. (rcsb.org)
As we continue to characterize and understand biological processes in C. reinhardtii and translate that knowledge to other systems, we are faced with the realization that many genes encode proteins without a defined function. (osti.gov)
To identify proteins involved during anaerobic acclimation as well as to localize proteins and pathways to the powerhouses of the cell, chloroplasts and mitochondria from C. reinhardtii in aerobic and anaerobic (induced by 8 h of argon bubbling) conditions were isolated and analyzed using comparative proteomics. (mcponline.org)
Qualitative and semiquantitative analyses of isolated chloroplasts and mitochondria from aerobic and anaerobic C. reinhardtii cultures allowed for the identification and localization of proteins, including a handful of fermentative proteins. (mcponline.org)
Another important feature of C. reinhardtii is that it has the capacity to grow with light as a sole energy source (photoautotrophic growth) or on acetate in the dark (heterotrophically), facilitating detailed examination of genes and proteins critical for photosynthetic or respiratory function. (asm.org)
In this study, we established detailed two-dimensional protein maps of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii light-harvesting proteins (Lhca and Lhcb) by extensive tandem mass spectrometric analysis. (asm.org)
This proteomic study demonstrates the complexity of the light-harvesting proteins at the protein level in C. reinhardtii and will be an important basis of future functional studies addressing this diversity. (asm.org)
Separation of isolated PSI complexes from C. reinhardtii by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis has revealed the presence of about 18 LHCI protein (LHC protein of PSI) spots, thereby suggesting an even more extensive variability of Lhca proteins ( 20 ). (asm.org)
To characterize the compositions of the lhca and lhcb gene products at the protein level and to monitor the posttranslational modifications of LHC proteins of C. reinhardtii , we performed a detailed proteomic study. (asm.org)
In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microtubules and associated proteins are added simultaneously. (elifesciences.org)
Sarah Zhang writes in Wired Magazine that the single-cell green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have an eyespot that makes use of light-sensitive proteins. (algaeindustrymagazine.com)
The GAPDH, CP12 and PRK recombinant proteins are able to reconstitute spontaneously the ternary complex that has been described in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (sigmaaldrich.com)
however, the Chlamydomonas genome encodes presumed plant orthologs of a chloroplast lipid transporter consisting of TGD (TRIGALACTOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL) proteins that are required for ER-tochloroplast lipid trafficking in plants. (unl.edu)
Our experiments thus provide extensive evidence that FtsH plays a major role in the quality control of thylakoid membrane proteins and in the response of C. reinhardtii to light and macronutrient stress. (diva-portal.org)
This improved efficiency should greatly facilitate a variety of genetic and cell-biological studies in Chlamydomonas and also enable new applications such as expression-based screens and large-scale production of foreign proteins. (g3journal.org)
These problems have handicapped cell biological studies and impeded development of expression-based screens, medium- to high-throughput imaging analyses, and the use of Chlamydomonas as a host for expression of foreign proteins. (g3journal.org)
We have cloned and sequenced the CRY1 gene, encoding ribosomal protein S14 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and found that it is highly similar to S14/rp59 proteins from other organisms, including mammals, Drosophila melanogaster, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (asm.org)
Background: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a novel recombinant eukaryotic expression system with many advantages including fast growth rate, rapid scalability, absence of human pathogens and the ability to fold and assemble complex proteins accurately, however, obstacle relatively low expression level necessitates optimizing foreign gene expression in this system. (bmmj.org)
Conclusions: It is suggested that the expression system optimized by this study can potentially be used for the production of important therapeutic proteins and other heterologous proteins in C. reinhardtii. (bmmj.org)
Chloroplast subfractions were tested with a UV cross-linking assay for proteins that bind to the 5′ untranslated region of the chloroplast psbC mRNA of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (concordia.ca)
Clemetson, JM, A Boschetti, KJ Clemetson(1992) Chloroplast envelope proteins are encoded by the chloroplast genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (concordia.ca)
Lee, H, Bingham, SE & Webber, AN 1998, ' Specific mutagenesis of reaction center proteins by chloroplast transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ', Methods in Enzymology , vol. 297, pp. 310-320. (elsevier.com)
In C. reinhardtii , several processes are under circadian control and many clock-controlled genes and/or proteins have been found in the past decades as well as components of the endogenous oscillator. (bio-protocol.org)

Under anoxic conditions the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii activates various fermentation pathways leading to the creation of formate, acetate, ethanol and small amounts of other metabolites including d-lactate and hydrogen. (rcsb.org)
The biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibits both positive and negative phototaxis to inhabit areas with proper light conditions. (nih.gov)
The versatile metabolism of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is reflected in its complex response to anaerobic conditions. (mcponline.org)
Cells of the unicellular photosynthetic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were fixed, sectioned, and examined by transmission electron microscopy. (cellimagelibrary.org)
We have cloned a gene ( Mut6 ) from the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that is required for the silencing of a transgene and two transposon families. (sciencemag.org)
Sometimes called green yeast ( Goodenough, 1992 ), the unicellular, eukaryotic green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (hereafter called Chlamydomonas) is a venerable model system for plant biology as well as for cell motility. (plantphysiol.org)
The single chloroplast of the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contains an orange carotenoid pigment spot that functions in phototaxis. (cellimagelibrary.org)
Here we report a detailed characterization of the remodeling of photosynthesis upon sulfur starvation under heterotrophy and photo-autotrophy in the green alga ( Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ). (plantphysiol.org)
Isolated chloroplasts of the unicellular photosynthetic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were cryofixed, freeze-fractured, and surface replicas observed by transmission electron microscopy. (ucsd.edu)
The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is capable of producing H 2 by splitting water with energy from sunlight. (rsc.org)
A homolog of the bacterial RNA pyrophosphohydrolase is present in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii suggesting that Chlamydomonas RppH has a role in mRNA degradation in the chloroplast of the alga. (uio.no)
The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a key model organism for studying photosynthesis and oxidative stress in unicellular eukaryotes. (frontiersin.org)
2D measurement of ion currents associated to the signal transduction of the phototactic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (biomedsearch.com)
For example, 5′ ends are often formed by endonucleolytic processing of primary transcripts, and this may be the exclusive mode of 5′ end formation in chloroplasts in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (reviewed in reference 12 ). (asm.org)
The work describes a novel approach for sustained photobiological production of H2 gas via the reversible hydrogenase pathway in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (oilgae.com)
To produce energy for cell growth, the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii possesses the metabolic flexibility to use light and/or carbon sources such as acetate. (mcponline.org)
The time course of and the influence of light intensity and light quality on the induction of a mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was characterized using western and northern blots. (diva-portal.org)
In the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, five CAs have previously been identified including three alpha CAs and two beta CAs. (openthesis.org)
We used a mass spectrometry-based approach to achieve a comprehensive mapping of the in vivo protein phosphorylation sites within photosynthetic membranes from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii subjected to distinct environmental conditions known to affect the photosynthetic machinery. (diva-portal.org)
The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model organism that provides an opportunity to understand the evolution and functional biology of the lineage that includes the land plants, as well as aspects of the fundamental core biology conserved throughout the eukaryotic phylogeny. (g3journal.org)
By using principles of synthetic biology, we have constructed a platform to characterize regulatory properties of miRNAs in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (cam.ac.uk)
Lefebvre, Paul 2004-10-06 00:00:00 A new transposable element, Tcr3, was identified in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (deepdyve.com)
New factors regulating magnesium chelatase in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chekunova, E. (deepdyve.com)
The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii possesses a CO2 concentratingmechanism (CCM) which helps in successful acclimationto low CO2 conditions. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has emerged to be an important model organism for the study of oxygenic eukaryotic photosynthesis as well as other processes occurring in the chloroplast. (semanticscholar.org)
With an eye to circumventing these problems in the future and engineering the robust alcohol-producing microalgal hosts, we investigated the metabolic responses of the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to ethanol and butanol. (biomedcentral.com)
The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been established as a model organism for fundamental biological research during the last decades. (uni-regensburg.de)
Results Here, the genomes of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the moss Physcomitrella patens, the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii and the seed plant Arabidopsis thaliana were screened for ORFs encoding chloroplast peroxidases. (fu-berlin.de)
The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii responds to sulfate deprivation by producing an arylsulfatase (Lien, T., and O. Schreiner. (rupress.org)
The biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an ideal genetic model for the integration of the effects on Li + on signal transduction, gene expression, and aspects of flagellar biogenesis. (elsevier.com)
The model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii requires acetate as a co-substrate for optimal production of lipids, and the addition of acetate to culture media has practical and economic implications for algal biofuel production. (biomedcentral.com)
PRJNA271609 This project compares the sequence of 40 inter-related laboratory strains of the model alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (uni-goettingen.de)
The green biflagellate unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii serves as a model to study fundamental biological processes such as the structure and function of flagella or light-driven processes including photosynthesis, its behavioral responses, life cycle and circadian clock. (bio-protocol.org)
The supply of inorganic carbon (Ci) at the site of fixation by Rubisco is a key parameter for efficient CO2 fixation in aquatic organisms including the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (illinois.edu)

The nitrate reductase gene from wild-type Chlamydomonas was used to complement a mutation in the corresponding gene of a strain containing nit1-305. (pnas.org)
This high frequency of cotransformation will allow any cloned gene to be introduced into Chlamydomonas. (pnas.org)
Forty single gene mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were isolated based on resistance to the compound 5'-methyl anthranilic acid (5-MAA). (genetics.org)
The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nar-2, nar-3, and nar-4 genes, which are within a nitrate-regulated gene cluster containing the nitrate reductase structural gene nit-1, have been related to nitrate transport. (nih.gov)
Establishment of publicly available cDNA material and information resource of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyta) to facilitate gene function analysis. (algaebase.org)
Phylogenetic reconstruction of changes in plastid genome content revealed that an accelerated rate of gene loss also characterized the Chlamydomonas/Chlorella lineage, a phenomenon that might be independent of the proliferation of SDRs. (plantcell.org)
Tools that have not been previously applied to Chlamydomonas, such as bulked segregant analysis and marker duplexing, are being implemented to increase the speed at which one can go from mutant phenotype to gene. (plantphysiol.org)
To analyze the function of ciliary polycystic kidney disease 2 (PKD2) and its relationship to intraflagellar transport (IFT), we cloned the gene encoding Chlamydomonas reinhardtii PKD2 (CrPKD2), a protein with the characteristics of PKD2 family members. (rupress.org)
At least nine different lhca -related gene products were predicted by comparison of the mass spectrometric data against Chlamydomonas expressed sequence tag and genomic databases, demonstrating the extensive variability of the C. reinhardtii Lhca antenna system. (asm.org)
To resolve this conundrum, we identified a mutant of Chlamydomonas deleted in the TGD2 gene and characterized the respective protein, CrTGD2. (unl.edu)
A novel beta CA (Cah6) and a putative gamma CA (Gclp1) gene were identified in C. reinhardtii. (openthesis.org)
A heat inducible expression vector containing amiRNA targeting OEE2 gene was constructed and transformed into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . (oilgae.com)
The CRY1 gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: structure and use as a dominant selectable marker for nuclear transformation. (asm.org)
With this transformation protocol, the RBCS2/CRY1-1 dominant selectable marker gene is a powerful tool for many molecular genetic applications in C. reinhardtii. (asm.org)
To investigate how gene families and gene expression have evolved, particularly in the context of stress response that have been shown to correlate with gene family expansion in multiple eukaryotes, we characterized the expansion patterns of gene families in nine green algal species, and examined evolution of stress response among gene duplicates in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . (biomedcentral.com)
The nuclear gene encoding the PsaN subunit from C. reinhardtii was cloned and characterised. (ucl.ac.uk)
Ghanbari Motlagh, M., Amini-Bayat, Z., Ofoghi, H. Investigation of an Optimized Context for the Expression of GFP as a Reporter Gene in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii. (bmmj.org)
The genome sequence and gene models of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were downloaded from Phytozome , the Joint Genome Institute (JGI) plant genomics portal. (doe.gov)
By using different C. reinhardtii strains and growth conditions, we demonstrate that the expression of THB1 is under the control of the NIT2 regulatory gene and that the hemoglobin is linked to the nitrogen assimilation pathway. (umassmed.edu)

N. F. Wilson and P. A. Lefebvre, abstract presented at the 10th International Chlamydomonas Conference, 2002). (asm.org)

These data strongly support the hypothesis that the nitrate transport system in C. reinhardtii contains at least two protein components encoded by the nar-2 and nar-3 genes. (nih.gov)
In addition, endogenous transposable elements ( 31 , 102 , 127 ), marker rescue of Escherichia coli mutants ( 89 , 136 ), direct rescue of C. reinhardtii mutants ( 38 , 94 , 132 ), and map-based techniques are being used to clone specific genes. (asm.org)
Through searching of Chlamydomonas databases, 10 genes that potentially encode Lhcb polypeptides that are associated with the major trimeric PSII antenna (Lhcbm) have been described ( 11 ). (asm.org)
The ability to introduce altered genes into the chloroplast of the green alga C. reinhardtii presented the opportunity to test the in vitro results in an in vivo context. (asm.org)
The chimeric genes were stably transformed in C. reinhardtii. (uni-koeln.de)
This dissertation describes the identification and characterization of new CA genes from C. reinhardtii. (openthesis.org)
Genetic transformation into the Chlamydomonas nucleus has been used in many studies, and methods and reagents including promoters, terminators, enhancers, reporter genes, and auxotrophic and drug-resistance markers are available (for review, see Jinkerson and Jonikas 2015 ). (g3journal.org)
RNA-seq characterized the transcriptomic response by Chlamydomonas during aggregation, and we identified 131 genes are significantly differentially expressed between predated and unpredated cultures of Chlamydomonas. (k-state.edu)
Evolutionary relationships between candidate aggregation genes in Chlamydomonas and their orthologs in multicellular Volvocales suggest a possible role of aggregation genes in multicellular development. (k-state.edu)
Our results demonstrate that Chlamydomonas dynamically alters its morphology based on its environment and identify several candidate genes for aggregation and multicellular development. (k-state.edu)
In the study of lts3 mutation suppression, two new nuclear genes of C. reinhardtii, SUP-3 and SUP-1, encoding factors regulating MgCh activity were found. (deepdyve.com)
Cloning and expression analysis of two different LhcSR genes involved in stress adaptation in an Antarctic microalga, Chlamydomonas sp. (semanticscholar.org)
In the analyzed streptophytes, the genes are unspliced, but accumulated four introns in Chlamydomonas. (fu-berlin.de)
2017) Targeting of Photoreceptor Genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii via Zinc-Finger Nucleases and CRISPR/Cas9. (uni-goettingen.de)
The nuclear genome of the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contains genes for a dozen hemoglobins of the truncated lineage. (umassmed.edu)

British Library EThOS: Glycoproteins of the cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (bl.uk)
Glycoproteins of the cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (bl.uk)

The D66 strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a single-celled green alga, is a cell-wall-deficient strain of algae that exhibits normal photosynthetic characteristics, but requires ammonia as a source of nitrogen for growth. (wikipedia.org)
In this study we undertook such an approach to analyse photosynthetic thylakoid membranes isolated from wild-type and mutant strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (nih.gov)
C. reinhardtii is a promising organism for renewable energy because it is able to produce hydrogen as a photosynthetic product ( 1 ⇓ - 3 ). (mcponline.org)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular eukaryotic alga possessing a single chloroplast that is widely used as a model system for the study of photosynthetic processes. (plantcell.org)
Although C. reinhardtii has been used as a model system for elucidating the assembly and regulatory processes of the photosynthetic machinery, no thorough analysis of LHC protein composition has been performed for this alga. (asm.org)
Deletion of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast atpB 3′ IR in strain Δ26 results in reduced accumulation of atpB transcripts and the chloroplast ATPase β-subunit, leading to weakly photosynthetic growth. (asm.org)
en] Photosynthetic activities were analyzed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mitochondrial mutants affected in different complexes (I, III, IV, I + III, and I + IV) of the respiratory chain. (ac.be)
This thesis describes a series of molecular-genetic studies using the model photosynthetic eukaryote Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, aimed at understanding various aspects of the eukaryotic PSI. (ucl.ac.uk)

There are many known mutants of C. reinhardtii. (wikipedia.org)
In this report, we focus on mutants affecting photosynthesis, in keeping with the thrust of this journal, and the emphasis of the newly renewed and National Science Foundation-supported Chlamydomonas genome project ( http://www.chlamy.org/ ). (plantphysiol.org)
The findings based on the studies of the mutants have improved our understanding of cell response in Chlamydomonas to oxidative stress substantially. (frontiersin.org)
The correct number and arrangement of the fibers depended on the number of basal bodies and the amount of centrin as revealed by analysis of C. reinhardtii mutants. (uni-koeln.de)
Reference : Photosynthesis and state transitions in mitochondrial mutants of Chlamydomonas reinha. (ac.be)
The present results demonstrate that in C. reinhardtii mutants, permanent defects in the mitochondrial electron transport chain stabilize state 2, which favors cyclic over linear electron transport in the chloroplast. (ac.be)
A series of conditional mutants of the algal, biflagellate Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with temperature-sensitive defects in flagellar assembly and function were isolated. (rupress.org)
Vila M, Díaz-Santos E, de la Vega M, Couso I and León R. Isolation and characterization of pigment deficient insertional mutants in the chlorophyte Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . (hoajonline.com)

Herein we present a brief history of functional genomics, the present status of the C. reinhardtii genome, how genome-wide experiments can aid in supplying protein function inferences, and provide an outlook for functional genomics in C. reinhardtii. (osti.gov)
Towards functional proteomics of membrane protein complexes: analysis of thylakoid membranes from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (nih.gov)
2014) to modulate the expression of algae mRNA and protein, we tested if we can alter specific enzyme levels in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (scirp.org)
Other important topics being studied using C. reinhardtii , many of which have direct application to elucidation of protein function in animal cells ( 26 ), include flagellum structure and assembly, cell wall biogenesis, gametogenesis, mating, phototaxis, and adaptive responses to light and nutrient environments ( 32 , 44 ). (asm.org)
What is known about the LHC protein composition of C. reinhardtii ? (asm.org)
The studies revealed individual elements of the phototropin-dependent signal transduction pathway involved in the blue-light-controlled change in chemotaxis mode of C. reinhardtii during gamete formation: three protein kinases, one operating against signal flux and two that promote signal transduction. (mdpi.com)
In addition a protein activity assay was developed in order to confirm that the Chlamydomonas RppH homolog has RNA pyrophosphohydrolase activity. (uio.no)
Striated fiber assemblin" (SFA), Centrin und "deflagellation induced protein of 13 kDa" (DIP13), wurden N- (nur SFA) und C-terminal mit GFP fusioniert und stabil in C. reinhardtii transformiert. (uni-koeln.de)
We present evidence suggesting that in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii this coupling may be aided by a hyper-phosphorylated form of the LHCII-like CP29 protein (Lhcbm4). (diva-portal.org)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contains a factor that can replace adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) in the stimulation of rabbit-muscle protein kinase. (semanticscholar.org)
The flagellar motility of Chlamydomonas pf25 mutant lacking an AKAP-binding protein is overtly sensitive to medium conditions. (semanticscholar.org)
GreenCut protein CPLD49 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii associates with thylakoid membranes and is required for cytochrome b6 f complex accumulation. (semanticscholar.org)
The arylsulfatase activity, detectable 3 h after the transfer of the cells to low sulfate medium (less than or equal to 10 microM sulfate), is a periplasmic protein released into the culture medium by cw15, a cell wall-less mutant of C. reinhardtii. (rupress.org)

3)Hegemann P, Berthold P (2009) Sensory photoreceptors and light control of flagellar activity.The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook, ed Witman G-B (Academic, Oxford), 2nd Ed, Vol 3, pp 395-430. (wikipedia.org)
We present a new Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flagellar mutant in which central pair projections are missing and the central pair microtubules are twisted along the length of the flagellum. (edu.au)
Temperature-sensitive mutations affecting flagellar assembly and function in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (rupress.org)
Li + causes C. reinhardtii flagella to elongate to ∼1.4 times their normal length and blocks flagellar motility (S. Nakamura, H. Tabino, and M. K. Kojima, Cell Struct. (elsevier.com)
These results indicate that pungent compounds such as capsaicin and gingerol induce loss of flagellar motility and flagellar detachment in C . reinhardtii cells. (biologists.org)

Most wild-type Chlamydomonas strains can grow on fixed carbon sources (e.g., acetate) in the dark. (wikipedia.org)
Like many microorganisms, screening of Chlamydomonas strains for rare mutations is straightforward, since large numbers of cells can be plated on an appropriate selective medium, or nonswimmers, for example, can be selected from large numbers of swimming cells. (plantphysiol.org)
Taken together, the assortment of techniques useable for Chlamydomonas indulges both the amateur and experienced geneticist, yielding sometimes overwhelming collections of mutant strains. (plantphysiol.org)
Growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in acetate-free medium when co-cultured with alginate-encapsulated, acetate-producing strains of Synechococcus sp. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we demonstrate the growth of C. reinhardtii on acetate provided by mutant strains of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. (biomedcentral.com)
Optimal growth conditions for co-cultivation of C. reinhardtii with wild-type and mutant strains of Synechococcus sp. (biomedcentral.com)
To determine conditions under which both organisms could grow well together, the wild-type and mutant strains of C. reinhardtii and Synechococcus sp. (biomedcentral.com)
2015) Chlamydomonas Genome Resource for Laboratory Strains Reveals a Mosaic of Sequence Variation, Identifies True Strain Histories, and Enables Strain-Specific Studies. (uni-goettingen.de)

The availability of efficient nuclear and chloroplast transformation in Chlamydomonas provides specific advantages for the study of chloroplast biogenesis, photosynthesis, and nuclear-chloroplast genome interactions. (pnas.org)
The D66 strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been genetically engineered with no cell wall in order to increase the strain's growth and photosynthesis rates. (wikipedia.org)
In this study, in order to investigate and compare the toxic effects of the two salts on algal photosynthesis, we used NaCl and Na2CO3 to stress Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (degruyter.com)
Numerous forward genetics studies have been performed in Chlamydomonas, in many cases to elucidate the regulation of photosynthesis. (plantphysiol.org)
The single celled organism has one chloroplast and moves via an anterior â ¦ Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-celled eukaryote green alga that has been extensively studied as a model organism for photosynthesis, genetics, and physiology, and has been proposed as a host for molecular farming (Fields et al. (justbcause.com)
Normally deriving energy from photosynthesis, with an alternative carbon source , C. reinhardtii can also thrive in total darkness. (doe.gov)
Over the years, studies of Chlamydomonas have provided major research contributions in the areas of photosynthesis and molecular biology. (doe.gov)

The species' name has been spelled several different ways because of different transliterations of the name from Russian: reinhardi, reinhardii, and reinhardtii all refer to the same species, C. reinhardtii Dangeard. (wikipedia.org)

The D66 (mating type +) strain has been used by a number of labs for the creation of Chlamydomonas mutant libraries. (wikipedia.org)
Complementation of a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant using a genomic cosmid library. (nih.gov)
We report the rescue of an arginine-requiring mutant (arg7-8) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by complementation using total DNA from a genomic cosmid library. (nih.gov)
We conclude that these represent true transformants and that any stable nuclear mutant of Chlamydomonas could be rescued using this approach. (nih.gov)
At the same time, the ease of nuclear transformation in Chlamydomonas, coupled with the plant-like nonhomologous integration of transforming DNA, facilitates the creation of insertional mutant collections. (plantphysiol.org)
The importance of phosphorylation for state transitions is shown by the phenotype of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Stt7 mutant. (asm.org)
Labeling kinetics indicate that Chlamydomonas can import lipid precursors from the ER, a process that is impaired in the tgd2 mutant. (unl.edu)
After nitrogen starvation, it was shown that 83 + 3% of the wall-deficient cells of the cw 15 mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flocculated from 12 mL samples within 15 min after the addition of 15 mM calcium chloride at pH 8.4. (unl.edu)
An Indexed, Mapped Mutant Library Enables Reverse Genetics Studies of Biological Processes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (semanticscholar.org)
PCC 7002 was able to support the growth of a lipid-accumulating mutant strain of C. reinhardtii defective in starch production. (biomedcentral.com)
95 (S ager and Z alokar 1958).The fn68 mutant was used to show that a rhodopsin photoreceptor controls the phototactic response in Chlamydomonas and that retinal, a derivative of carotenoids, â ¦ Reactions of total volume of 110 Î¼l were carried out in 1Ã MN buffer using 60 Î¼l of sample and different amounts of MNase units (Fermentas). (justbcause.com)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an especially well studied biological model organism, partly due to its ease of culturing and the ability to manipulate its genetics. (wikipedia.org)
Chlamydomonas is used as a model organism for research on fundamental questions in cell and molecular biology such as: How do cells move? (wikipedia.org)
In this work we examined the possibility of studying, by solid-state NMR, the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii fully and non-specifically 13 C labelled. (springer.com)
1 Many species of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic green algae, including the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , are capable of catalyzing this reaction. (rsc.org)
The green flagellate Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model organism for studying the eukaryotic flagella. (uni-koeln.de)
This study evaluated the potential of using 1.1 MHz ultrasound pulses in a new flow through type chamber on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model organism for cell breakage. (iastate.edu)

The novel technique was based on the light gradient method (LGM), and the model object was Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a phototactic unicellular alga, ideal for such experiments. (biomedsearch.com)

We have found that the model unicellular green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii forms aggregates in response to the presence of the filter feeding zooplanktonic predator, Daphnia magna. (k-state.edu)

In addition, Chlamydomonas chloroplasts contain a number of mRNA specific translation factors that are not found in bacteria. (springer.com)
When mating type plus and minus gametes of Chlamydomonas are mixed, they agglutinate with each other via their flagella, fuse, then initiate the zygote formation program which includes synthesis of the zygote cell wall, fusion of nuclei and chloroplasts, and the digestion of chloroplast DNA from the minus parent. (oup.com)
Gallagher, Daniel, "Ubiquitin in the chloroplasts of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii" (1996). (richmond.edu)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an excellent model system for plant biologists because of its ease of manipulation, facile genetics, and the ability to transform the nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genomes. (plantphysiol.org)

Adenosine 3':5'-Cyclic Monophosphate in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Isolation and Characterization. (semanticscholar.org)
The significance of my work is that it lays the groundwork for further characterization of HDM's in Chlamydomonas and higher plant species. (concordia.ca)
Characterization of THB1, a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii truncated hemogl" by Eric A. Johnson, Selena L. Rice et al. (umassmed.edu)

cDNA cloning, sequence, and expression of carbonic anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: regulation by environmental CO2 concentration. (pnas.org)

Chronological transition of mitochondrial morphology in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae) poststationary phase growth. (algaebase.org)
Morphological changes in mitochondrial and chloroplast nucleoids and mitochondria during the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae) cell cycle. (algaebase.org)
The Antarctic psychrophile, Chlamydomonas raudensis Ettl (UWO241) (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) exhibits a limited capacity to photoacclimate to red light. (algaebase.org)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-celled green alga that phototaxes toward light by means of a light-sensitive organelle, the eyespot. (genetics.org)
CHLAMYDOMONAS reinhardtii is a phototactic, single-celled green alga. (genetics.org)
Some species of eukaryote-such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , a single-celled green alga, and Trypanosoma brucei , the protist parasite that causes African sleeping sickness-must grow new flagella when their cells divide, so that each new cell can swim. (elifesciences.org)

There has been an array of studies that have investigated C. reinhardtii under anaerobic conditions and provided valuable insights into the metabolic changes undertaken by the cell to acclimate to an anaerobic condition. (mcponline.org)
It is now well established that under anaerobic conditions C. reinhardtii induces a wide range of fermentative pyruvate-dependent metabolic pathways ( 11 ⇓ - 13 ). (mcponline.org)
Central carbon metabolism and electron transport in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: metabolic constraints for carbon partitioning between oil and starch. (semanticscholar.org)
The study is the first comprehensive view of the metabolic mechanisms employed by C. reinhardtii to defend against ethanol or butanol toxicity. (biomedcentral.com)
In Chiamydomonas reinhardtii, K⁺ influx appears to be mediated by two discrete transport systems, a high affinity transport system (HATS) at low external [K⁺] and a low affinity transport system (LATS) at high external [K⁺]. These two transport systems were further characterized by employing various metabolic inhibitors, a K⁺ channel blocker and a sulfhydryl reagent. (ubc.ca)

Our working hypothesis is that the siRNA signal transmitted to Chlamydomonas has the same effect on the mRNA as the physical siRNA. (scirp.org)
Here we present the optimization of the siRNA signal transduction to Chlamydomonas while we measure the growth rate and then fine tune the conditions measuring the amount of mRNA produced under the influence of the signal specific for the mRNA. (scirp.org)

In 2007, the complete nuclear genome sequence of C. reinhardtii was published. (wikipedia.org)
The availability of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear genome sequence continues to enable researchers to address biological questions relevant to algae, land plants and animals in unprecedented ways. (osti.gov)
article{osti_1351725, title = {Genomics and functional genomics in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}, author = {Blaby, Ian K. and Blaby-Haas, Crysten E.}, abstractNote = {The availability of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear genome sequence continues to enable researchers to address biological questions relevant to algae, land plants and animals in unprecedented ways. (osti.gov)

Vegetative cells of the reinhardtii species are haploid with 17 small chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
By using a method in which cell-wall-deficient Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells were agitated in the presence of DNA, glass beads, and polyethylene glycol, nuclear transformation rates of approximately 10(3) transformants per micrograms of plasmid DNA were achieved. (pnas.org)
In wild-type Chlamydomonas cells, two to four layers of carotenoid lipid granules are observed, each layer subtended by a thylakoid membrane. (genetics.org)
Chlamydomonas cells rotate twice per second as they breaststroke forward, scanning the environment perpendicular to the swimming path much as a radar antenna scans the sky. (genetics.org)
carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells were isolated and characterized. (pnas.org)
Nitrite plays an important role in the nitrogen metabolism of most cells, including Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (mdpi.com)
We have shown that vegetative cells of C. reinhardtii are attracted by nitrite. (mdpi.com)
One of these phenomena, the differentiation of vegetative cells into sexually mature cells has been widely studied in Chlamydomonas and may proceed in two steps [ 10 ]. (mdpi.com)
The analysis of the detected traces revealed two main vectorial components of the signal by the help of singular value decomposition (SVD), in concert with previous experimental findings and theoretical considerations suggesting different origins of the "fast" and "slow" components of the photoelectric response of Chlamydomonas and Haematococcus cells. (biomedsearch.com)
IFN-œ2a expression cassette was transferred to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells via Agrobacterium -mediated transformation method. (springer.com)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae cells successfully grew and divided under exposure to both the blue laser, red laser and that of white light LED when each was applied individually or combined in a sequence. (brunel.ac.uk)
2020) Lichen-like association of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Aspergillus nidulans protects algal cells from bacteria. (uni-goettingen.de)
Addition of acetate to a suspension of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells in darkness induced transient and biphasic non-photochemical quenching of Chl fluorescence (qN) due to ApH-dependent down-regulation of PSII and the transition from state 1 to state 2. (oup.com)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells, when grown on limiting CO2, have a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) that functions to concentrate CO2 at the site of Rubisco. (illinois.edu)

Chlamydomonas species are widely distributed worldwide in soil and fresh water. (wikipedia.org)
Since Chlamydomonas species are normally haploid, the effects of mutations are seen immediately without further crosses. (wikipedia.org)
This is the type species (holotype) of the genus Chlamydomonas . (algaebase.org)
If green algae of the species Chlamydomonas reinhardtii meet Pseudomonas protegens bacteria, their fate is sealed. (algaeindustrymagazine.com)
2015).While several studies have investigated the use of C. reinhardtii as a food source for Daphnia species â ¦ Average telomere length was assessed using ImageJ 1.49v (NIH) by measuring the peak of the telomere length distribution signal. (justbcause.com)
2005) Portrait of a species: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (uni-goettingen.de)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has an eyespot similar to that of dinoflagellates(1). (wikipedia.org)
Phot in C . reinhardtii also functions in transcriptional regulation [ 13 ] and in the control of phototaxis that desensitizes the eyespot when blue light intensities increase [ 14 ]. (mdpi.com)

However, the chloroplast proteome in C. reinhardtii has only recently been comprehensively characterized, made possible by proteomics emerging as an accessible and powerful tool over the last decade. (semanticscholar.org)

Among phototrophs, the unicellular green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is widely known as one of the best established model organisms. (uni-bielefeld.de)
The relative adaptability and quick generation time have made Chlamydomonas an important model for biological research. (doe.gov)
The results are consistent with the model that CIA8 is involved in Ci uptake in C. reinhardtii. (illinois.edu)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii serves as a very useful model system for the study of eukaryotic organisms. (richmond.edu)

The unicellular green alga C. reinhardtii is amenable to a diversity of genetic and molecular manipulations. (asm.org)
Recent years have seen the development of a molecular toolkit for C. reinhardtii ( 42 , 44 , 66 , 98 , 99 ). (asm.org)
Although many tools are available to facilitate genetic, molecular biological, biochemical, and cell biological studies in Chlamydomonas , expression of unselected transgenes of interest (GOIs) has been challenging. (g3journal.org)

Mutational analysis of the phototransduction pathway of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (rupress.org)
A multidomain enzyme, with glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphatase activities, is involved in a chloroplastic pathway for glycerol synthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (semanticscholar.org)

Regulation of nitrate reductase in Chlamydomonasm reinhardtii by the redox state of the plastoquinone pool. (algaebase.org)

Cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis assays involving the usage of the recombinant C. reinhardtii IFN-œ2a (Cr. (springer.com)
Then the recombinant vector was transformed into the nucleus of C. reinhardtii for expression. (bmmj.org)

Here, we show that FtsH from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii forms heterooligomers comprising two subunits, FtsH1 and FtsH2. (diva-portal.org)
PsbP (OEE2) accumulation is independent of the presence of PSII core subunits in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii De Vitry et al. (agrisera.com)

Here, we describe a protocol for the growth of C. reinhardtii for the synchronization and analysis of its circadian clock. (bio-protocol.org)
Therefore, dim light (LL) is often used for C. reinhardtii , but if effects of specific light pulses are necessary as for the rhythm of photoaccumulation or for phase shifting the circadian clock, constant darkness (DD) is also used. (bio-protocol.org)

To expand the current knowledge on the subject, we investigated the chloroplast and mitochondrial proteomes of C. reinhardtii under anaerobiosis. (mcponline.org)

Purification and biosynthesis of a derepressible periplasmic arylsulfatase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (rupress.org)

Phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase is a multifunctional enzyme involved in membrane lipid turnover and degradation while synthesizing triacylglycerol in the unicellular green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (semanticscholar.org)

An alternative is to co-culture lipid-producing C. reinhardtii with an acetate-producing cyanobacterium, such as certain Synechococcus sp. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we present results of co-culturing wild-type and a lipid-accumulating ( sta6 ) strain of C. reinhardtii , and an acetate-accumulating strain ( glgA1 ) of Synechococcus sp. (biomedcentral.com)

Simple, experimentally tractable systems such Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , and Arabidopsis thaliana are powerful models for dissecting basic biological processes. (asm.org)

Boyle NR, Morgan JA (2009) Flux balance analysis of primary metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . (springer.com)
To cope with changes in its aquatic environment and the nutrient deficiencies that may result, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a mobile single-cell alga, must adapt its metabolism for subsistence, notably in terms of sugar. (algaeindustrymagazine.com)

The program MultiPipMaker was used to compare the genic complement of Chlamydomonas with those of other chloroplast genomes and to scan the genomes for sequence similarities and repetitive DNAs. (plantcell.org)

High-frequency nuclear transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (pnas.org)
A plasmid vector containing Chlamydomonas rppH-6xHN was introduced into C. reinhardtii by nuclear transformation. (uio.no)

Besides a less related cysteine-type GPx, Chlamydomonas encodes two selenocysteine-type GPx. (fu-berlin.de)

Averina, N. 2014-03-07 00:00:00 The unicellular green alga Chamydomonas reinhardtii, as distinct from higher plants synthesizing chlorophyll (Chl) only in the light, produces it also in darkness. (deepdyve.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms7

Chemicals and Drugs50

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Phenomena and Processes25

Information Science4

Role of a novel photosystem II-associated carbonic anhydrase in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (1/1304)

Characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii zygote-specific cDNAs that encode novel proteins containing ankyrin repeats and WW domains. (2/1304)

Photosystem I is indispensable for photoautotrophic growth, CO2 fixation, and H2 photoproduction in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (3/1304)

Induction of coproporphyrinogen oxidase in Chlamydomonas chloroplasts occurs via transcriptional regulation of Cpx1 mediated by copper response elements and increased translation from a copper deficiency-specific form of the transcript. (4/1304)

Group II intron splicing in Escherichia coli: phenotypes of cis-acting mutations resemble splicing defects observed in organelle RNA processing. (5/1304)

Group II intron splicing in chloroplasts: identificationof mutations determining intron stability and fate of exon RNA. (6/1304)

Identification of cis-acting RNA leader elements required for chloroplast psbD gene expression in Chlamydomonas. (7/1304)

Direct measurement of inter-doublet elasticity in flagellar axonemes. (8/1304)

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Chlamydomonas

Algal Proteins

Chloroplasts

Flagella

RNA, Algal

Cytochromes f

DNA, Algal

Photosynthesis

Chlorophyta

Cytochrome b6f Complex

Photosystem II Protein Complex

Chlorophyll

Light

Photosystem I Protein Complex

Molecular Sequence Data

Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins

Plant Proteins

Genes, Protozoan

Plastocyanin

Thylakoids

Axoneme

Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes

Protozoan Proteins

Amino Acid Sequence

Mutation

Arylsulfatases

Diuron

Dyneins

Transformation, Genetic

Amylopectin

Plastoquinone

Volvox

Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase

Darkness

Sulfur

Cytochromes c6

Microalgae

RNA, Chloroplast

Base Sequence

Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Chloroplast Proteins

DNA, Chloroplast

Hydrogenase

Carbonic Anhydrases

Cytochrome b Group

Electron Transport

Malate Dehydrogenase (NADP+)

Genetic Complementation Test

Carbon Dioxide

Starch

Hydrogen

Cloning, Molecular

Cytochromes

Genes, Plant

Chlorella

Starch Synthase

Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase

Organelle Size

Ferredoxins

Oxidation-Reduction

Sequence Alignment

RNA, Protozoan

Phylogeny

Kinetics

Mutagenesis, Insertional

Microtubules

Phototrophic Processes

Isoamylase

Pyruvate Synthase

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Phenotype

Fluorescence

Oxygen

Thioredoxin h

RNA, Messenger

Coproporphyrinogen Oxidase

Cilia

DNA, Protozoan