AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
Chitin SynthaseChitinExophialaChamaecyparisChitinaseCell WallPyrimidine NucleosidesMucorGlucosyltransferasesDiflubenzuronMagnoliaceaeHyphaeFungal ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeAminoglycosidesOrganothiophosphorus CompoundsFungiMolecular Sequence DataGenes, FungalMytilusGene Expression Regulation, FungalAcetylglucosamineAntifungal AgentsBenzenesulfonatesAspergillus nidulansNatamycinDiterpenes, AbietaneCandida albicansCitrate (si)-SynthaseAmino Acid SequenceUridine Diphosphate N-AcetylglucosamineGlycogen SynthaseMutation
Chitin Synthase
An enzyme that converts UDP glucosamine into chitin and UDP. EC 2.4.1.16.
Chitin
A linear polysaccharide of beta-1->4 linked units of ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE. It is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, found especially in INSECTS and FUNGI. When deacetylated it is called CHITOSAN.
Exophiala
A normally saprophytic mitosporic Chaetothyriales fungal genus. Infections in humans include PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS; and PERITONITIS.. Exophiala jeanselmei (previously Phialophora jeanselmei) is an etiological agent of MYCETOMA.
Chamaecyparis
A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE which should not be confused with other cedar and cypress trees of THUJA or CUPRESSUS genera.
Chitinase
Cell Wall
The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.
Pyrimidine Nucleosides
Pyrimidines with a RIBOSE attached that can be phosphorylated to PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES.
Mucor
A genus of zygomycetous fungi of the family Mucoraceae, order Mucorales. It is primarily saprophytic, but may cause MUCORMYCOSIS in man from spores germinating in the lungs.
Glucosyltransferases
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of glucose from a nucleoside diphosphate glucose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. EC 2.4.1.-.
Diflubenzuron
An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.
Magnoliaceae
A plant family of the order Magnoliales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are trees and shrubs having an elongated conelike floral axis with fragrant flowers that have six tepals (sepals and petals that are not distinctly different) and many spirally arranged stamens.
Hyphae
Microscopic threadlike filaments in FUNGI that are filled with a layer of protoplasm. Collectively, the hyphae make up the MYCELIUM.
Fungal Proteins
Proteins found in any species of fungus.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.
Aminoglycosides
Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.
Organothiophosphorus Compounds
Compounds containing carbon-phosphorus bonds in which the phosphorus component is also bonded to one or more sulfur atoms. Many of these compounds function as CHOLINERGIC AGENTS and as INSECTICIDES.
Fungi
A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Genes, Fungal
The functional hereditary units of FUNGI.
Mytilus
A genus of marine mussels in the family MYTILIDAE, class BIVALVIA. The species MYTILUS EDULIS is the highly edible common mussel.
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in fungi.
Acetylglucosamine
The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.
Antifungal Agents
Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.
Benzenesulfonates
Organic salts and esters of benzenesulfonic acid.
Aspergillus nidulans
A species of imperfect fungi from which the antibiotic nidulin is obtained. Its teleomorph is Emericella nidulans.
Natamycin
Amphoteric macrolide antifungal antibiotic from Streptomyces natalensis or S. chattanoogensis. It is used for a variety of fungal infections, mainly topically.
Diterpenes, Abietane
A group of DITERPENES cyclized into 3-ring PHENANTHRENES.
Candida albicans
A unicellular budding fungus which is the principal pathogenic species causing CANDIDIASIS (moniliasis).
Citrate (si)-Synthase
Enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (CITRIC ACID CYCLE). It catalyzes the reaction of oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA to form citrate and coenzyme A. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.1.3.7.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine
Serves as the biological precursor of insect chitin, of muramic acid in bacterial cell walls, and of sialic acids in mammalian glycoproteins.
Glycogen Synthase
An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of D-glucose from UDPglucose into 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl chains. EC 2.4.1.11.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Proteolytic activation and inactivation of chitin synthetase from Mucor rouxii. (1/299)

Crude chitin synthetase preparations from the mycelial and yeast forms of Mucor rouxii behaved differently. The mycelial preparations, incubated at 28 degrees C, lost virtually all chitin synthetase activity in a few hours; by contrast, the activity of enzyme preparations from yeast cells increased several fold during similar incubations. These spontaneous changes were probably caused by endogenous protease(s). Seemingly, the chitin synthetase in yeast preparations was present mainly in a latent, 'zymogenic', form that was activated by proteases. In the mycelial preparations, chitin synthetase was present mainly in an active state and was rapidly degraded by endogenous proteolysis. Exogenous proteases accelerated activation and destruction of chitin synthetase; an acid protease from Rhizopus chinensis was the most effective activator. The activation of chitin synthetase was inhibited by a soluble protein in the cell-free extract. Treatment with the detergent Brij 36T stabilized the chitin synthetase of crude preparations against spontaneous changes. Stabilized preparations were rapidly activated by exogenous proteases. The different behaviour of chitin synthetases in crude extracts of mycelium and yeast cells is consistent with, and perhaps partially responsible for, the differences in wall construction between mycelial and yeast forms of M. rouxii.  (+info)

KNR4, a suppressor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cwh mutants, is involved in the transcriptional control of chitin synthase genes. (2/299)

The KNR4 gene, originally isolated by complementation of a K9 killer-toxin-resistant mutant displaying reduced levels of both 1,3-beta-glucan and 1,3-beta-glucan synthase activity, was recloned from a YCp50 genomic library as a suppressor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae calcofluor-white-hypersensitive (cwh) mutants. In these mutants, which were characterized by increased chitin levels, the suppressor effect of KNR4 resulted, for some of them, in a lowering of polymer content to close to wild-type level, with no effect on the contents of beta-glucan and mannan. In all cases, this effect was accompanied by a strong reduction in mRNA levels corresponding to CHS1, CHS2 and CHS3, encoding chitin synthases, without affecting expression of FKS1 and RHO1, two genes encoding the catalytic subunit and a regulatory component of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase, respectively. Overexpression of KNR4 also inhibited expression of CHS genes in wild-type strains and in two other cwh mutants, whose sensitivity to calcofluor white was not suppressed by this gene. The physiological relevance of the KNR4 transcriptional effect was addressed in two different ways. In a wild-type strain exposed to alpha-factor, overexpression of this gene inhibited CHS1 induction and delayed shmoo formation, two events which are triggered in response to the pheromone, whereas it did not affect bud formation and cell growth in a chs1 chs2 double mutant. A chimeric protein made by fusing green fluorescent protein to the C terminus of Knr4p which fully complemented a knr4delta mutation was found to localize in patches at presumptive bud sites in unbudded cells and at the incipient bud site during bud emergence. Taken together, these results demonstrate that KNR4 has a regulatory role in chitin deposition and in cell wall assembly. A mechanism by which this gene affects expression of CHS genes is proposed.  (+info)

Chs7p, a new protein involved in the control of protein export from the endoplasmic reticulum that is specifically engaged in the regulation of chitin synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (3/299)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae CHS7 gene encodes an integral membrane protein located in the ER which is directly involved in chitin synthesis through the regulation of chitin synthase III (CSIII) activity. In the absence of CHS7 product, Chs3p, but not other secreted proteins, is retained in the ER, leading to a severe defect in CSIII activity and consequently, to a reduced rate of chitin synthesis. In addition, chs7 null mutants show the yeast phenotypes associated with a lack of chitin: reduced mating efficiency and lack of the chitosan ascospore layer, clear indications of Chs7p function throughout the S. cerevisiae biological cycle. CHS3 overexpression does not lead to increased levels of CSIII because the Chs3p excess is retained in the ER. However, joint overexpression of CHS3 and CHS7 increases the export of Chs3p from the ER and this is accompanied by a concomitant increase in CSIII activity, indicating that the amount of Chs7p is a limiting factor for CSIII activity. Accordingly, CHS7 transcription is increased when elevated amounts of chitin synthesis are detected. These results show that Chs7p forms part of a new mechanism specifically involved in Chs3p export from the ER and consequently, in the regulation of CSIII activity.  (+info)

Proliferation of intrahyphal hyphae caused by disruption of csmA, which encodes a class V chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain in Aspergillus nidulans. (4/299)

We have found that the Aspergillus nidulans csmA gene encodes a novel protein which consists of an N-terminal myosin motor-like domain and a C-terminal chitin synthase domain (M. Fujiwara, H. Horiuchi, A. Ohta, and M. Takagi, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 236:75-78, 1997). To clarify the roles of csmA in fungal morphogenesis, we constructed csmA null mutants. The growth rate of the mutant colonies was almost the same as that of the wild-type strain, but hyphal growth was severely inhibited when a chitin-binding reagent, Calcofluor white or Congo red, was added to the medium. Moreover, morphological abnormalities in tip growth and septum formation were identified microscopically. Proliferation of intracellular new hyphae, called intrahyphal hyphae, which behaved as intrinsic hyphae, was the most striking phenotypic feature among them. These phenotypes were not suppressed when the only chitin synthase domain of csmA was expressed under the control of the alcA promoter, whereas they were suppressed when the intact form of csmA was expressed. Therefore, it was concluded that the product of csmA (CsmA) has important roles in polarized cell wall synthesis and maintenance of cell wall integrity and that the myosin motor-like domain is indispensable for these functions.  (+info)

Differential inhibitory effects of protoberberines on sterol and chitin biosyntheses in Candida albicans. (5/299)

The anti-Candida potentials of 12 Korean medicinal plants were explored: methanol extracts from Coptis rhizoma and Phellodendron amurense caused significant inhibition of growth of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis. The predominant active components of the extracts were the protoberberines berberine and palmatine; the most potent inhibition of growth was exhibited by berberine on C. krusei (MIC <4 mg/L) and palmatine on C. parapsilosis (MIC 16 mg/L). Both berberine and palmatine inhibited the in-vivo rate of incorporation of L-[methyl-14C]methionine into C-24 of ergosterol in C. albicans (50% inhibition concentration (IC50 values), 25 microM and 300 microM, respectively); this result suggests that sterol 24-methyl transferase (24-SMT) is one of the cellular targets for the antifungal activity of the protoberberines. In-vitro 24-SMT activity in microsomes from the yeast growth form of C. albicans was inhibited by both berberine (inhibition constant (Ki) 232 microM) and palmatine (Ki 257 microM) in a non-competitive manner; inhibition of 24-SMT was more marked for the mycelial form than for the yeast growth form of this organism. Palmatine inhibited chitin synthase from both the yeast and mycelial growth phases of C. albicans in a non-competitive manner (Ki 780 microM). The effects of protoberberines, extracted from established medicinal plants, on both sterol and cell wall biosyntheses in pathogenic fungi indicate that the potential of these compounds, or their semi-synthetic derivatives, as a novel class of antifungal agents should be investigated more fully.  (+info)

The Candida albicans CHS4 gene complements a Saccharomyces cerevisiae skt5/chs4 mutation and is involved in chitin biosynthesis. (6/299)

The Candida albicans CHS4 gene encoding chitin synthase 4 has been isolated using the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CHS4/SKT5 gene as a probe. The gene contains a 2061 bp open reading frame capable of encoding a protein of 687 amino acids (76053 Da). No intron was observed in the gene. Disruption of CHS4 in C. albicans yielded a Calcofluor-resistant phenotype, indicating that Chs4p contributes to chitin biosynthesis. Consistent with this, overexpression of Chs4p under the regulation of the ScGAL1 promoter enhanced chitin synthase 3 activity in S. cerevisiae 7- to 38-fold. In addition, chs3 and chs4 null mutants were significantly defective in Calcofluor white staining and their chitin content was 10% of that of the parental strain. Chs4p of C. albicans and S. cerevisiae showed 61% identity in the C-terminal half of the proteins and that region of C. albicans Chs4p complemented the Chs4p function of a mutant of S. cerevisiae resistant to Calcofluor white. Therefore, it appears that Chs4p is involved in chitin synthase 3 activity by combining with Chs3p to interact synergistically in chitin biosynthesis.  (+info)

Active site determination of yeast geranylgeranyl protein transferase type I expressed in Escherichia coli. (7/299)

The ram2 and cal1 genes encode the alpha and beta subunits of yeast geranylgeranyl protein transferase type I (GGPT-I), respectively. Arginine 166 of the beta subunit was changed to isoleucine (betaR166I), histidine 216 to aspartic acid (betaH216D), and asparagine 282 to alanine (betaN282A) by sequential PCR using mutagenic primers. The mutants were expressed under the same conditions as the wild-type and were assayed for GGPT-I activity. Wild-type yeast GGPT-I, alphaH145D, alphaD140N, betaR166I, betaH216D and betaN282A mutant GGPT-Is were partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by a Q-Sepharose column. Characterization studies were performed using the active fraction of the Q-Sepharose column. In the chemical modification reactions, the catalytic activity of purified enzyme decreased in proportion to the concentration of modifying reagents, such as phenylglyoxal and diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC). Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) protected the enzyme activity from the modification with phenylglyoxal. The measurement of GGPP binding to wild-type and five mutant GGPT-Is was performed by a gel-filtration assay. The binding of GGPP to the betaR166I mutant was low and the Km value for GGPP in the betaR166I mutant increased about 29-fold. Therefore, the results suggest a role for this arginine residue that directly influences the GGPP binding. The activity of the DEPC-modified GGPT-I was inhibited by 80% at 5 mM DEPC. The differential absorption at 242 nm may suggest that at this concentration the modified histidine residues were 1.5 mol per GGPT-I. The protein substrate, glutathione S-transferase fused undecapeptide (GST-CAIL) protected the enzyme from inactivation by DEPC, and the Km value for GST-CAIL in the betaH216D mutant increased about 12-fold. The trypsin digestion of [14C]DEPC-modified enzyme yielded a single radioactive peptide. As a result of the sequence of this radioactive peptide, the histidine 216 residue was assumed to be an essential part of binding of peptide substrate.  (+info)

Chitin synthase III: synthetic lethal mutants and "stress related" chitin synthesis that bypasses the CSD3/CHS6 localization pathway. (8/299)

We screened Saccharomyces strains for mutants that are synthetically lethal with deletion of the major chitin synthase gene CHS3. In addition to finding, not surprisingly, that mutations in major cell wall-related genes such as FKS1 (glucan synthase) and mutations in any of the Golgi glycosylation complex genes (MNN9 family) are lethal in combination with chs3Delta, we found that a mutation in Srv2p, a bifunctional regulatory gene, is notably lethal in the chs3 deletion. In extending studies of fks1-chitin synthase 3 interactions, we made the surprising discovery that deletion of CSD3/CHS6, a gene normally required for Chs3p delivery and activity in vivo, was not lethal with fks1 and, in fact, that lack of Csd3p/Chs6p did not decrease the high level of stress-related chitin made in the fks1 mutant. This finding suggests that "stress response" chitin synthesis proceeds through an alternate Chs3p targeting pathway.  (+info)

Differential gene expression signatures for cell wall integrity found in chitin synthase II (chs2 Δ ) and myosin II (myo1 Δ )...Differential gene expression signatures for cell wall integrity found in chitin synthase II (chs2 Δ ) and myosin II (myo1 Δ )...
Myosin II-dependent contraction of the cytokinetic ring and primary septum formation by chitin synthase II are interdependent processes during cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hence, null mutants of myosin II (myo1 Δ) and chitin synthase II (chs2 Δ) share multiple morphological and molecular phenotypes. To understand the nature of their interdependent functions, we will seek to identify genes undergoing transcriptional regulation in chs2 Δ strains and to establish a transcription signature profile for comparison with myo1 Δ strains. A total of 467 genes were commonly regulated between myo1Δ and chs2Δ mutant strains (p ≤ 0.01). Common regulated biological process categories identified by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) in both gene expression profiles were: protein biosynthesis, RNA processing, and stress response. Expression of 17/20 genes in the main transcriptional fingerprint for cell wall stress was confirmed in the chs2Δ strain versus 5/20 for the myo1Δ strain. One of these
https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1756-0500-2-87
Differential gene expression signatures for cell wall integrity found in chitin synthase II chs2 Δ and myosin II myo1 Δ...
Differential gene expression signatures for cell wall integrity found in chitin synthase II chs2 Δ and myosin II myo1 Δ deficient cytokinesis mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
http://libros.duhnnae.com/2017/jul/149887053981-Differential-gene-expression-signatures-for-cell-wall-integrity-found-in-chitin-synthase-II-chs2-and-myosin-II-myo1-deficient-cytokinesis-mutant.php
Different functions of the class I and class II chitin synthase genes,chsCandchsA, are revealed by repression ofchsBexpression...Different functions of the class I and class II chitin synthase genes,chsCandchsA, are revealed by repression ofchsBexpression...
The filamentous fungus, Aspergillus nidulans, genome contains at least five chitin synthase-encoding genes. chsB is essential for normal hyphal growth. chsA and chsC are likely to be cooperatively req
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00294-002-0329-4
Profile | Biosciences | University of ExeterProfile | Biosciences | University of Exeter
Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes invasive aspergillosis (IA), a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised humans. The echinocandin caspofungin, adopted as a second-line therapy in combating IA, is a β-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitor, which, when used in high concentrations, reverts the anticipated A. fumigatus growth inhibition, a phenomenon called the caspofungin paradoxical effect (CPE). The CPE has been widely associated with increased chitin content in the cell wall due to a compensatory upregulation of chitin synthase-encoding genes. Here, we demonstrate that the CPE is dependent on the cell wall integrity (CWI) mitogen-activated protein kinase MpkAMPK1 and its associated transcription factor (TF) RlmARLM1, which regulate chitin synthase gene expression in response to different concentrations of caspofungin. Furthermore, the calcium- and calcineurin-dependent TF CrzA binds to and regulates the expression of specific chitin synthase genes during the ...
http://biosciences.exeter.ac.uk/staff/profile/index.php?web_id=Leandro_Jose_de_Assis
ERA-NET PathoGenoMics • Researchers Database
Fungi cause disease in plant and animal hosts. The extent to which virulence determinants are conserved between both classes of pathogens is unknown. We have developed a dual plant-animal infection model based on a single strain of Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of vascular wilt disease in plants and an emerging opportunistic pathogen of humans. Injection of microconidia of the well-characterized tomato pathogenic isolate 4287 in the lateral tail vein of immunodepressed mice resulted in disseminated infection of multiple organs and death of the animals. Knockout mutants in genes encoding a Pmk1-type mitogen-activated protein kinase, the pH response transcription factor PacC or a class V chitin synthase, all previously shown to be implicated in virulence on tomato plants, were tested in the disseminated mouse model. Our results indicate that some of these virulence factors play functionally distinct roles during infection of tomato and mice. Thus, a single F. oxysporum strain can be used to ...
https://www.pathogenomics-era.net/index.php?index=16&order=lastname&dir=ASC&cmd=detail&id=205
The (1,3)beta-D-glucan synthase subunit Bgs1p is responsible for the fission yeast primary septum formation | 3Bs Research...The (1,3)beta-D-glucan synthase subunit Bgs1p is responsible for the fission yeast primary septum formation | 3Bs Research...
Cytokinesis is a crucial event in the cell cycle of all living cells. In fungal cells, it requires co-ordinated contraction of an actomyosin ring and synthesis of both plasmatic membrane and a septum structure that will constitute the new cell wall end. Schizosaccharomyces pombe contains four essential putative (1,3)β-d-glucan synthase catalytic subunits, Bgs1p to Bgs4p. Here we examined the function of Bgs1p in septation by studying the lethal phenotypes of bgs1(+) shut-off and bgs1Delta cells and demonstrated that Bgs1p is responsible and essential for linear (1,3)β-d-glucan and primary septum formation. bgs1(+) shut-off generates a more than 300-fold Bgs1p reduction, but the septa still present large amounts of disorganized linear (1,3)β-d-glucan and partial primary septa. Conversely, both structures are absent in bgs1Delta cells, where there is no Bgs1p. The septum analysis of bgs1(+)-repressed cells indicates that linear (1,3)β-d-glucan is necessary but not sufficient for primary septum ...
https://3bs.uminho.pt/content/13beta-d-glucan-synthase-subunit-bgs1p-responsible-fission-yeast-primary-septum-formation
CHS5 (YLR330W) Result Summary | BioGRIDCHS5 (YLR330W) Result Summary | BioGRID
Component Of The Exomer Complex; Exomer Also Contains Csh6p, Bch1p, Bch2p, And Bud7p And Is Involved In Export Of Selected Proteins, Such As Chitin Synthase Chs3p, From The Golgi To The Plasma Membrane; Chs5p Is The Only Protein With A BRCT Domain That Is Not Localized To The Nucleus
https://thebiogrid.org/31594/summary/saccharomyces-cerevisiae/chs5.html
CYK3 (YDL117W) Result Summary | BioGRIDCYK3 (YDL117W) Result Summary | BioGRID
SH3-domain Protein Located In The Bud Neck And Cytokinetic Actin Ring; Relocalizes From Bud Neck To Nucleus Upon DNA Replication Stress; Activates The Chitin Synthase Activity Of Chs2p During Cytokinesis; Suppressor Of Growth And Cytokinesis Defects Of Chs2 Phospho-mutants
https://thebiogrid.org/31945/protein/saccharomyces-cerevisiae/cyk3.html
KEGG ORTHOLOGY: K00698
The chitin synthase genes chs-1 and chs-2 are essential for C. elegans development and responsible for chitin deposition in the eggshell and pharynx, respectively ...
https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?ko:K00698
Team:Northwestern/Project - 2010.igem.orgTeam:Northwestern/Project - 2010.igem.org
First, the Chitin Synthase 3 (CHS3) gene was subcloned out of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (Bakers Yeast) cDNA (complementary DNA - contains no introns, thus can be used in prokaryotes) with biobrick restriction sites (EcoR1, Xbal1 on one end, and Spe1, Pst1 on the other). CHS3 was chosen as it was found to be the major enzyme (knockouts had 80% reduced Chitin) in its family and requires no co-enzyme or activating compounds. Upon running CHS3 through NEB Cutter V2.0, we found a PST1 restriction site which is incompatible with the biobrick standard (EcoR1, Xbal, Spe1, Pst1). To remove this Pst1 site, we inserted CHS3 into a biobrick vector plasmid, and performed site-directed mutagenesis (SDM). Research revealed that chitin synthase is a transmembrane enzyme, and in order to simulate similar conditions, we decided to use the pMAL vector by NEB which contains a periplasmic membrane signal sequence. CHS3 was subcloned in to the pMAL-p5x NEB vector by first PCRing it out of the biobrick vector plasmid ...
http://2010.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:Northwestern/Project&diff=prev&oldid=122535
Browse by Person - NBUBrowse by Person - NBU
Martin, Helene and Dagkessamanskaia, Adilia and Satchanska, Galina and Dallies, Nathalie and Francois, Jean (1999) KNR4, a suppressor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cwh mutants, is involved in the transcriptional control of chitin synthase genes. Microbiology, 145 (1). pp. 249-258. ISSN 1350-0872 ...
http://eprints.nbu.bg/view/people/Dallies=3ANathalie=3A=3A.html
Third-Party Tools « GGP SystemsThird-Party Tools « GGP Systems
GGP Systems partners with Strata Service Solutions Limited (Strata) to power a new shared service National Land and Property Gazetteer (NLPG) on behalf of East Devon, Exeter City and Teignbridge ...
https://www.ggpsystems.co.uk/downloads/third-party/?did=34
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Molecular Cloning, Characterization and mRNA Expression of a Chitin Synthase 2 Gene from the Oriental...IJMS | Free Full-Text | Molecular Cloning, Characterization and mRNA Expression of a Chitin Synthase 2 Gene from the Oriental...
Chitin synthase (CHS), a potential target for eco-friendly insecticides, plays an essential role in chitin formation in insects. In this study, a full-length cDNA encoding chitin synthase 2 (BdCHS2) was cloned and characterized in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis. The BdCHS2 cDNA had 4417 nucleotides, containing an open reading frame of 4122 nucleotides, which encoded 1373 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 158.5 kDa. Phylogenetic analysis with other insect CHSs suggested that BdCHS2 belongs to insect CHS2. The BdCHS2 transcript was predominately found in midgut but was detected at low levels in fat body, Malpighian tubules, integument, and trachea. Moreover, BdCHS2 was expressed in all developmental stages, and highly expressed in the feeding stages. There was a positive relationship between BdCHS2 expression and total chitin content during development. Furthermore, both the gene expression and chitin content in midgut decreased when the insect was fed for 24 h, then
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/8/17055/xml
Transcriptional regulation of chitin synthases by calcineurin controls paradoxical growth of Aspergillus fumigatus in response...Transcriptional regulation of chitin synthases by calcineurin controls paradoxical growth of Aspergillus fumigatus in response...
Transcriptional regulation of chitin synthases by calcineurin controls paradoxical growth of Aspergillus fumigatus in response to caspofungin.
https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub736961
Gene-Silencing Nanoparticles May Put End to Pesky Summer PestGene-Silencing Nanoparticles May Put End to Pesky Summer Pest
Though the silencing is not yet 100 percent effective in their study, Zhu said it does leave the mosquitos body with less ability to combat insecticides, which must penetrate the mosquitos exoskeleton. If the gene, called chitin synthase, could be completely silenced, the mosquitoes may die without the use of pesticides because the chitin biosynthesis pathway would be blocked, Zhu said.. Zhu theorized using nanoparticles to deliver dsRNA to mosquito larvae might work because of the low success of manually injecting larvae with dsRNA. Mosquito larvae live in water but because dsRNA quickly dissipates in water, it cant be directly added to the larvaes food source. Zhus group discovered that using nanoparticles assembled from dsRNA facilitates their ingestion by mosquito larvae because the nanoparticles dont dissolve in water. Zhu said the nanoparticles may also stabilize the dsRNA in water.. Now insects will have a much greater likelihood of getting these nanoparticles containing the dsRNA ...
http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/life-sciences/gene-silencing-nanoparticles-put-end-pesky-summer-158424.html
Members of chitin synthase family in Metarhizium acridum differentially affect fungal growth, stress tolerances, cell wall...Members of chitin synthase family in Metarhizium acridum differentially affect fungal growth, stress tolerances, cell wall...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31461507
Development of chitin based materials for tissue engineering applications | ScholarBank@NUSDevelopment of chitin based materials for tissue engineering applications | [email protected]
Chitin is abundant in nature due to its compact intractable and inert structure resulted from strong hydrogen bonding network. Chitin is known as one of the second most abundant polysaccharides in nature, after cellulose. In crustaceans, chitin is present in a complex structure with calcium carbonate, forming the rigid skeleton of carapace, shell and tail. In insects, chitin is the main building block of the back plate. This intractable characteristic of chitin is superior in the animal / plant kingdom as protective skeleton but is a major disadvantage for chemical / physical modification. Therefore more efficient methods of reacting or modifying chitin (especially alpha-chitin as it is the most abundant of the 3 types of naturally occurring chitin) is necessary, in order to utilize this biomass as a major renewable raw materials ...
http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/13810
Oviparity | Profiles RNS
Arakane Y, Specht CA, Kramer KJ, Muthukrishnan S, Beeman RW. Chitin synthases are required for survival, fecundity and egg hatch in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Oct; 38(10):959-62 ...
https://profiles.umassmed.edu/display/105608
CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: Chitin synth 1NCDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: Chitin synth 1N
pfam08407 (PSSM ID: 400626): Conserved Protein Domain Family Chitin_synth_1N, This is the N-terminal domain of Chitin synthase (pfam01644)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/PF08407
Chitin
The structure of chitin was determined by Albert Hofmann in 1929.[3]. Chitin is a modified polysaccharide that contains nitrogen; it is synthesized from units of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (to be precise, 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-D-glucose). These units form covalent β-(1→4)-linkages (like the linkages between glucose units forming cellulose). Therefore, chitin may be described as cellulose with one hydroxyl group on each monomer replaced with an acetyl amine group. This allows for increased hydrogen bonding between adjacent polymers, giving the chitin-polymer matrix increased strength.. In its pure, unmodified form, chitin is translucent, pliable, resilient, and quite tough. In most arthropods, however, it is often modified, occurring largely as a component of composite materials, such as in sclerotin, a tanned proteinaceous matrix, which forms much of the exoskeleton of insects. Combined with calcium carbonate, as in the shells of crustaceans and molluscs, chitin produces a much stronger ...
https://zims-en.kiwix.campusafrica.gos.orange.com/wikipedia_en_all_nopic/A/Chitin
can humans digest chitin
Chitin can easily be digested by humans whereas cellulose cannot be digested by humans but a suitable source of fibers. Your body cant digest or absorb fiber. The content is provided for information purposes only. Can Humans Digest Chitin? According to Wikipedia, humans have some ability to digest Could COVID-19 have wiped out the Neandertals? The structure of chitin is most similar to that of cellulose. What they discovered is that while most living primates have only one copy of the CHIA gene, early primates, which tended to be very small, had at least three working copies. Exoskeletons: Exoskeletons are the hard, chitinous coverings on the bodies of arthropods. This dietary fiber is beneficial because it takes longer to digest and reaches further into your colon than most other fiber. Chitin is a structural component of arthropod exoskeletons, fungi cell walls, mollusk shells, and fish scales. Chitin is the second most abundant natural polymer after cellulose. You can be assured our editors ...
http://actionscamera.com/ic9fj/4c98ed-can-humans-digest-chitin
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Applications of Chitin and Its Derivatives in Biological Medicine | NotesIJMS | Free Full-Text | Applications of Chitin and Its Derivatives in Biological Medicine | Notes
Chitin and its derivatives-as a potential resource as well as multiple functional substrates-have generated attractive interest in various fields such as biomedical, pharmaceutical, food and environmental industries, since the first isolation of chitin in 1811. Moreover, chitosan and its chitooligosaccharides (COS) are degraded products of chitin through enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis processes; and COS, in particular, is well suited for potential biological application, due to the biocompatibility and nontoxic nature of chitosan. In this review, we investigate the current bioactivities of chitin derivatives, which are all correlated with their biomedical properties. Several new and cutting edge insights here may provide a molecular basis for the mechanism of chitin, and hence may aid its use for medical and pharmaceutical applications.
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/12/5152/notes
CAZy - GT2
cellulose synthase (EC 2.4.1.12); chitin synthase (EC 2.4.1.16); dolichyl-phosphate β-D-mannosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.83); dolichyl-phosphate β-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.117); N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.-); N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.-); hyaluronan synthase (EC 2.4.1.212); chitin oligosaccharide synthase (EC 2.4.1.-); β-1,3-glucan synthase (EC 2.4.1.34); β-1,4-mannan synthase (EC 2.4.1.-); β-mannosylphosphodecaprenol-mannooligosaccharide α-1,6-mannosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.199); UDP-Galf: rhamnopyranosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-PP-decaprenol β-1,4/1,5-galactofuranosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.287); UDP-Galf: galactofuranosyl-galactofuranosyl-rhamnosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-PP-decaprenol β-1,5/1,6-galactofuranosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.288); dTDP-L-Rha: N-acetylglucosaminyl-PP-decaprenol α-1,3-L-rhamnosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.289 ...
http://www.cazy.org/GT2_archaea.html?debut_TAXO=500
Team:Northwestern - 2010.igem.orgTeam:Northwestern - 2010.igem.org
SCIN - Self-regenerating Chitin INduction Chitin, found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans as well as the cell walls of fungi, is one of the most abundant organic polymers in nature. Like keratin in skin, it comprises the protective outer layer of these organisms. Our goal is to generate a layer of chitin from a lawn of bacteria (Escherichia coli) in response to an external molecular cue. This cue induces chitin synthesis (fast) and cell lysis (slow), allowing for a build-up of chitin followed by cell lysis and subsequent release into the top layer of the lawn. Abrasions expose cells to the external cue for self-repair. This would create a regenerative chitin biolayer with potential medical and industrial applications. ...
http://2010.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:Northwestern&diff=209597&oldid=209596
Deciphering the genetic programme triggering timely and spatially-regulated chitin depositionDeciphering the genetic programme triggering timely and spatially-regulated chitin deposition
Organ and tissue formation requires a finely tuned temporal and spatial regulation of differentiation programmes. This is necessary to balance sufficient plasticity to undergo morphogenesis with the acquisition of the mature traits needed for physiological activity. Here we addressed this issue by a …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25617778/
How do Chitin molecules link together?How do Chitin molecules link together?
Im having troubles finding a description or picture of how chitin molecules bind together to form the exoskeletons of arthropods, crustaceans, etc. I have found a couple of cool pictures of the chitin molecule itself, but no images of how they link. My biology book has a long description of how glucose forms either cellulose or starch depending on if it is an alpha or beta configuration, and how they link up to form 3D structures. But it just shows a picture of the chitin molecule and completely blows of any 3D structure description. It is not really for any purpose, Im just very curious. Thanks for your help in advance. BK ...
http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/1999-11/943470345.Bc.q.html
S | Priest chitin+8, Mage chitin+8 (sets)S | Priest chitin+8, Mage chitin+8 (sets)
i'm selling all the following items for GBs only 1x Priest Chitin+8/hp (SET) *Gaunts+8 = shell 12gbs 1x Mage Chitin+8/hp (SET) *no helm but
http://www.gamers4life.com/forums/f147/s-priest-chitin-8-mage-chitin-8-sets-209394/
Oral Administration of Chitin Down-Regulates Serum IgE Levels and Lung Eosinophilia in the Allergic Mouse | The Journal of...Oral Administration of Chitin Down-Regulates Serum IgE Levels and Lung Eosinophilia in the Allergic Mouse | The Journal of...
Previously, we showed that phagocytosable nonantigenic chitin, a seemingly inert molecule, induces endogenous Th1 cytokines (IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α, IFN-γ) (9, 10, 11). These are cytokines that are generally seen at early stages of infection (innate immunity) caused by intracellular bacteria such as M. bovis BCG (9, 10, 11). Innate immunity is important for protection against intracellular bacterial infections and to induce acquired immunity specific for bacteria (22). It is well established that Th1 cytokines, produced in innate immunity, down-regulate allergic immune (Th2) responses (18). The present study of recall responses clearly shows that allergen-stimulated IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 production is significantly inhibited by the presence of chitin in the spleen cell cultures (Fig. 1⇑). Our results suggest that IFN-γ produced by NK cells, at least in part, is responsible for the inhibition of the production of these Th2 cytokines.. The provocative findings are that chitin, given orally, ...
https://www.jimmunol.org/content/164/3/1314
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary file 1: Number of embryos used for laser ablation - SRC inhibitor saracatinib impairs...Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary file 1: Number of embryos used for laser ablation - SRC inhibitor saracatinib impairs...
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary file 1: Number of embryos used for laser ablation. by the outer layer of cells of the embryo, known as the epidermis. In these cells, motor-like proteins called myosins pull against a mesh-like scaffold inside the actin was called from the cell cytoskeleton; this pulling can be thought to press the embryo ODM-201 throughout and lead it to develop longer. Six pieces of cells, operating through the comparative check out the tail, constitute the epidermis of the embryo. Myosin is mainly energetic in two pieces of cells that work along both sides from the embryo. In the pieces above and below these pieces (quite simply, those for the top and lower edges from the worm), the myosins are significantly less energetic. However, it ODM-201 isnt fully realized how this distribution of myosin causes worms to elongate just along the head-to-tail axis. Vuong-Brender et al. have finally mapped the potent makes exerted in the cells from the worms epidermis. The experiments ...
http://saracatinib.info/%EF%BB%BFsupplementary-materialssupplementary-file-1-number-of-embryos-used-for-laser-ablation/
About Silk
Silkworm pupae meal is a protein-rich feed ingredient with a high nutritional value. Its crude protein content ranges from 50% DM to more than 80% DM (for defatted meal). The lysine (6-7% of the protein) and methionine (2-3% of the protein) contents are particularly high. However, the true protein (calculated as the sum of amino acids) in silkworms was found to correspond to only 73% of the crude protein content (Finke, 2002), which was explained by the presence of chitin, since this component contains nitrogen. However, the chitin content of pupae meal is relatively low, about 3-4% DM (Finke, 2002; Suresh et al., 2012). The presence of chitin and insoluble protein may also explain the presence of fibre, and values of 6-12% DM of ADF have been reported (Finke, 2002; Ioselevich et al., 2004). Undefatted pupae meal is rich in fat, typically in the 20-40% DM range. Defatted meal contains less than 10% oil in the DM. Silkworm oil contains a high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids, notably ...
https://health.toshekaproducts.co.ke/about-silk/
Nonwoven.co.uk: Practical Polysaccharides (Part 9) - Chitin for SuperabsorbentsNonwoven.co.uk: Practical Polysaccharides (Part 9) - Chitin for Superabsorbents
chitin is a fascinating polysaccharide for a number of reasons. First, it is the second most abundant polycarbohydrate used by Mother Nature as a structural component both in the animal and in the plant kingdoms. Second, chitin has a chemical structure which is similar to that of cellulose
http://www.nonwoven.co.uk/2012/11/practical-polysaccharides-part-9-chitin.html
Assessment of chitin decomposer diversity within an upland grassland | SpringerLinkAssessment of chitin decomposer diversity within an upland grassland | SpringerLink
The breakdown of chitin within an acidic upland grassland was studied. The aim was to provide a molecular characterisation of microorganisms involved in chitin degradation in the soil using soil micro
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1012043401168
S| Shard +8 / EE+8 / War Chitin+8 / Rogue Chitin+8 ~~ B| Rogue StuffS| Shard +8 / EE+8 / War Chitin+8 / Rogue Chitin+8 ~~ B| Rogue Stuff
Selling: - EE +8 c/o 39gb b/o 45gb - Shard +5 rev c/o ? b/o 20gb - Warrior Chitin +8 set Helmet -----| SOLD Pauldron --| SOLD Pads -------|
http://www.gamers4life.com/forums/f144/s-shard-8-ee-8-war-chitin-8-rogue-chitin-8-b-rogue-stuff-309352/
CHSA and the marque of high quality - Janitorial News
The Cleaning & Hygiene Suppliers Association (CHSA) is advising consumers of soft tissues products and plastic refuse sacks to seek, along with the CHSA logo itself, the Manufacturing Accreditation Schemes logos because the marques of quality. Our logos are important, every conveying a particular meaning and set of values to those who see them, stated CHSA chair and managing director of Harrison Wipes, Stephen Harrison. To keep their value and credibility its essential theyre used correctly by our members and understood totally by consumers.. The two logos of the Manufacturing Standards Accreditation Schemes are the only marques proving scheme membership and solely fully audited members have the authority to make use of them. Every member of a Manufacturing Standards Accreditation Scheme has successfully passed a detailed auditing course of designed to make sure consumers get precisely what they pay for. Scheme members are then re-audited yearly to keep up their membership, with a traffic ...
http://janitorialnews.co.uk/chsa-and-the-marque-of-high-quality/
Bicdl1 MGI Mouse Gene Detail - MGI:1922915 - BICD family like cargo adaptor 1Bicdl1 MGI Mouse Gene Detail - MGI:1922915 - BICD family like cargo adaptor 1
View mouse Bicdl1 Chr5:115648175-115731621 with: phenotypes, sequences, polymorphisms, proteins, references, function, expression
http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:1922915
Setoseptoria arundinaceaSetoseptoria arundinacea
Teleomorph: ascostromata perithecial, 0.1-0.25 mm diam., globose to oblate, often elongated parallel to the long axis of the substratum, without a papilla, subcuticular, becoming ± superficial, gregarious, frequently forming raised longitudinally elongate groups, and then with a well-developed dark clypeus that is continuous between ascomata. Peridium 16-20 µm thick, glabrous, composed of compressed to polygonal cells, inwardly thicker and sometimes with elongate cells around the ostiole. Interascal tissue of numerous narrow cellular pseudoparaphyses ca 1.5 µm diam. Asci 60-100 x 13-16 µm, clavate, thick-walled and fissitunicate, 8-spored. Ascospores 26-34 x 4-5 µm, cylindrical-fusiform, hyaline and sometimes later brownish when over-mature, 1- to 3-septate, with the segment immediately above the primary septum slightly swollen, with a broad gelatinous sheath visible in some collections.. ...
https://fungi.myspecies.info/all-fungi/setoseptoria-arundinacea
BREMEN CHSD 228 | District Snapshot
You select schools with similar factors and then see comparisons on several measures of School Characteristics, Test Performance, Demographics, and Finance. ...
https://www.illinoisreportcard.com/District.aspx?source=profile&Districtid=07016228016
BICDL1 Gene - GeneCards | BICL1 Protein | BICL1 AntibodyBICDL1 Gene - GeneCards | BICL1 Protein | BICL1 Antibody
Complete information for BICDL1 gene (Protein Coding), BICD Family Like Cargo Adaptor 1, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=BICDL1
JCI - The COPII cargo adapter SEC24C is essential for neuronal homeostasisJCI - The COPII cargo adapter SEC24C is essential for neuronal homeostasis
Downloading a figure as powerpoint requires a browser with javascript support. Enable javascript and try again For help please contact [email protected] ...
https://www.jci.org/assets/339668/powerpoint
Osmanli EukoKoxp v1.6 - İp Ban Çözüm - Chitin Bug [EuropeKo]
Özellikler Giriş bölümünü kaydetme eklendi. Atak sistemi değiştirildi. Hiçbir sorun kalmadı artık. Yaratık listesindeki sorunlar giderildi. Seçilili olmamasına
http://koxp.myogame.net/t1725-osmanli-eukokoxp-v1-6-ip-ban-cozum-chitin-bug-europeko
ByTracial DB v1 | Andream DB | 8 Chitin 1 Uniq | İtemli Başlangıç | Sorunsuz
İyi Günler! ByTracial Geri Döndü İlk Bir Andream Database Paylaşımı Yapmak İstiyorum.Sorunsuz ve Bugsuzdur. ### Oto Üyelik ### ### Oto Grade İlk 5 Clan G0 Diğer
http://koxpcu.full-forum.com/t5385-bytracial-db-v1-andream-db-8-chitin-1-uniq-itemli-baslangc-sorunsuz
Rodeway Inn Point Pleasant - UPDATED 2017 Motel Reviews & Price Comparison (NJ) - TripAdvisorRodeway Inn Point Pleasant - UPDATED 2017 Motel Reviews & Price Comparison (NJ) - TripAdvisor
Rodeway Inn Point Pleasant, Point Pleasant: See 51 traveller reviews, 44 candid photos, and great deals for Rodeway Inn Point Pleasant, ranked #1 of 1 hotel in Point Pleasant and rated 2.5 of 5 at TripAdvisor.
https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Hotel_Review-g46744-d121548-Reviews-Rodeway_Inn_Point_Pleasant-Point_Pleasant_New_Jersey.html
Best Western Brentwood Inn | Hôtel Brentwood | Best WesternBest Western Brentwood Inn | Hôtel Brentwood | Best Western
Best Western Brentwood Inn est idéalement situé dans le centre de Brentwood. Venez découvrir et profiter de notre hôtel à côté des principaux sites touristiques. Réservation au meilleur prix et offres exclusives toute lannée.
https://www.bestwestern.fr/fr/hotel-Brentwood-BEST-WESTERN-Brentwood-Inn-5725
What did Aksionov do just before he left the first inn? - eNotes.comWhat did Aksionov do just before he left the first inn? - eNotes.com
Get an answer for What did Aksionov do just before he left the first inn? and find homework help for other God Sees the Truth, But Waits questions at eNotes
https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-did-aksionov-just-before-he-left-first-inn-1356870
Bioconversion of chitin to chitosan: purification and characterization of chitin deacetylase from Mucor rouxii | PNASBioconversion of chitin to chitosan: purification and characterization of chitin deacetylase from Mucor rouxii | PNAS
Chitin deacetylase, the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetamido groups of N-acetylglucosamine in chitin, has been purified to homogeneity from mycelial extracts of the fungus Mucor rouxii and further characterized. The enzyme exhibits a low pI (approximately 3). Its apparent molecular mass was determined to be approximately 75 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and approximately 80 kDa by size-exclusion chromatography, suggesting that the enzyme exists as a monomer. Carbohydrate analysis of purified chitin deacetylase revealed that the enzyme is a high-mannose glycoprotein and that its carbohydrate content is approximately 30% by weight. Chitin deacetylase is active on several chitinous substrates and chitin derivatives. The enzyme requires at least four N-acetylglucosamine residues (chitotetraose) for catalysis, and it is inhibited by carboxylic acids, particularly acetic acid. When glycol chitin (a water-soluble chitin derivative) was used as substrate, ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/90/7/2564?ijkey=d9ad6a9bf7eb0fe1045419d0558de786b331bb67&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Alice: Knocking down chitin synthase 2 by RNAi is lethal to the cotton boll weevil.
LEONARDO LIMA PEPINO DE MACEDO, Cenargen; J. D. ANTONINO DE SOUZA JUNIOR, UNB; R. R. COELHO, UNB; F. C. A. FONSECA, UNB; A. A. P. FIRMINO, UFRGS; MARIA CRISTINA MATTAR DA SILVA, Cenargen; RODRIGO DA ROCHA FRAGOSO, CPAC; ERIKA VALERIA SALIBA ALBUQUERQUE FR, Cenargen; MARILIA SANTOS SILVA, Cenargen; J. DE ALMEIDA ENGLER, INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE, FRANCE; W. R. TERRA, USP; MARIA FATIMA GROSSI DE SA, Cenargen ...
https://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1082142
Chitin - WikipediaChitin - Wikipedia
Chitin (C8H13O5N)n (/ˈkaɪtɪn/ KY-tin), a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is a derivative of glucose. It is a primary component of cell walls in fungi, the exoskeletons of arthropods, such as crustaceans (e.g., crabs, lobsters and shrimps) and insects, the radulae of molluscs, cephalopod beaks, and the scales of fish and lissamphibians. The structure of chitin is comparable to another polysaccharide - cellulose, forming crystalline nanofibrils or whiskers. In terms of function, it may be compared to the protein keratin. Chitin has proved useful for several medicinal, industrial and biotechnological purposes. The English word chitin comes from the French word chitine, which was derived in 1821 from the Greek word χιτών (chiton), meaning covering. A similar word, chiton, refers to a marine animal with a protective shell. The structure of chitin was determined by Albert Hofmann in 1929. Chitin is a modified polysaccharide that contains nitrogen; it is synthesized from units of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitin
Bridelia monoica - WikispeciesBridelia monoica - Wikispecies
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Bridelia monoica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed on 07-Oct-06 ...
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bridelia_monoica
biology - If it could be shaped, would chitin from giant insects make decent body armor? - Worldbuilding Stack Exchangebiology - If it could be shaped, would chitin from giant insects make decent body armor? - Worldbuilding Stack Exchange
The normal considerations (chitin is heavy, so organisms with chitin armor wont get all that big) can be hand-waved away even without resorting to a fantasy setting. Creatures that live underwater can bear greater weight, for example, and in a high-oxygen biome insect-style respiration is easier and operative over larger distances. Even if we dont get organisms on a scale that would allow for breastplate-sized chitin sections, armorers could achieve a lot with chitin scale and layering.. I dont know how useful it would be as large, solid plates in the first place. Even though its a strong barrier, there are lots of practical issues. The biggest one I can think of offhand is that it isnt going to be repairable-- you cant melt it down and reforge it, nor weld on a patch, or anything else. You just have to replace the piece. Scale-style armor doesnt suffer that same drawback, as you can replace damaged sections.. Why bother? (alternatively, it has to be worth it). That isnt meant to be a ...
https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/171874/if-it-could-be-shaped-would-chitin-from-giant-insects-make-decent-body-armor?noredirect=1
Publications | GMR | Genetics and Molecular Research | The Original by FUNPEC-RPPublications | GMR | Genetics and Molecular Research | The Original by FUNPEC-RP
Chen J, Tang B, Chen H, Yao Q, et al. (2010). Different functions of the insect soluble and membrane-bound trehalase genes in chitin biosynthesis revealed by RNA interference. PLoS One 5: e10133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010133 PMid:20405036 PMCid:2853572 Crowe JH, Crowe LM and Chapman D (1984). Preservation of membranes in anhydrobiotic organisms: the role of trehalose. Science 223: 701-703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.223.4637.701 PMid:17841031 Davidson P and Sun WQ (2001). Effect of sucrose/raffinose mass ratios on the stability of co-lyophilized protein during storage above the Tg. Pharm. Res. 18: 474-479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011002326825 PMid:11451034 de Almeida FM, Bonini BM, Beton D, Jorge JA, et al. (2009). Heterologous expression in Escherichia coli of Neurospora crassa neutral trehalase as an active enzyme. Protein Expr. Purif. 65: 185-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2008.11.010 PMid:19073263 Elbein AD, Pan YT, Pastuszak I and Carroll D (2003). New ...
https://www.geneticsmr.com/publications?f%5Bauthor%5D=3692
Difference between revisions of Vincent Bulone - Glycoscience
Biosynthesis of plant and fungal (Oomycete) cell wall polysaccharides: biochemical and biophysical approaches for the study of membrane-bound complexes with glycosyltransferase activity and characterization of the corresponding polysaccharides, with particular emphasis on cellulose, (1,3)-beta-D-glucan and chitin biosynthesis ...
http://www.biotech.kth.se/glyco/w/index.php?title=Vincent_Bulone&diff=prev&oldid=1609
Difference between revisions of Vincent Bulone - Glycoscience
Biosynthesis of plant and fungal (Oomycete) cell wall polysaccharides: biochemical and biophysical approaches for the study of membrane-bound complexes with glycosyltransferase activity and characterization of the corresponding polysaccharides, with particular emphasis on cellulose, (1,3)-beta-D-glucan and chitin biosynthesis ...
http://www.biotech.kth.se/glyco/w/index.php?title=Vincent_Bulone&diff=1169&oldid=1165
Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals, 3 Volume Set | Agrochemicals | Industrial Chemistry | Chemistry | Subjects | WileyEncyclopedia of Agrochemicals, 3 Volume Set | Agrochemicals | Industrial Chemistry | Chemistry | Subjects | Wiley
Acetylcholine Receptors. Acetylcholinesterase.. Aflatoxin.. Agricultural Hygiene.. Agrocin 84.. Analysis, Instrumentation and Techniques.. Animal Health Products.. Antibiotic Resistance.. Antibiotics.. Auxins, indole auxins.. Avian Repellants.. Avian Species.. Bactericide.. Bacteriocin.. Bioassays, Phytotoxicity to Succeeding Crops.. Biodegradability, Assessment.. Biodegradation in Soil.. Biological Control, Survey.. Biological Control of Plant Diseases.. Biological Control of Weeds.. Biomass, Soil Microbial Biomass.. Biopesticides.. Brassinosteroids.. Capillary Electrophoresis.. Chemical Activators of Disease Resistance.. Chemical Properties Estimation.. Chemotherapy.. Chirality and Chiral Pesticides.. Chitin Biosynthesis Inhibitors.. Chlorocarbons and Chlorohydrocarbons-Toxic Aromatics.. Chromatography, HPLC.. Chromatography, TLC.. CIPAC.. Controlled Release Formulations of Pesticides.. Dibenzo-p Dioxins: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p Dioxin, Reid Disinfection.. Disinfestation.. Economic Issues ...
https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Encyclopedia+of+Agrochemicals%2C+3+Volume+Set-p-9780471193630
Inactivation of Tor Proteins Affects the Dynamics of Endocytic Protein by Brandon Scott TenayInactivation of Tor Proteins Affects the Dynamics of Endocytic Protein by Brandon Scott Tenay
Tor2 is an activator of the Rom2/Rho1 pathway that regulates α-factor internalization. Since the recruitment of endocytic proteins such as actin binding proteins and the amphiphysins precedes the internalization of α-factor, I hypothesized that loss of Tor function leads to an alteration in the dynamics of the endocytic proteins. I report here that endocytic proteins, Abp1 and Rvs167, are less recruited to endocytic sites not only in tor2 but also tor1 mutants. Furthermore, I found that the endocytic proteins Rvs167 and Sjl2 are completely mistargeted to the cytoplasm in tor1∆tor2ts double mutant cells. I also demonstrate here that the efficiency of endocytic internalization or scission in all tor mutants was drastically decreased. In agreement with the Sjl2 mislocalization, I found that in tor1∆tor2ts double mutant cells, as well as other tor mutant cells, the overall PIP2 level was dramatically increased. Finally, the cell wall chitin content in tor2ts and tor1∆tor2ts mutant cells was also
https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/1312/
Differential expression profiling between two maize internodes identifies genes involved in cell wall biogenesis - omicXDifferential expression profiling between two maize internodes identifies genes involved in cell wall biogenesis - omicX
Despite the economic importance of grasses as food, feed and energy crops, little is known about the genes that control their cell wall synthesis, assembly and remodelling. Here we provide a detailed transcriptome analysis that allowed the identification of genes involved in grass cell wall biogenesis. Differential gene-expression profiling, using maize oligonucleotide arrays, was used to identify genes differentially expressed between an elongating internode, containing cells exhibiting primary cell wall synthesis, and an internode that had just ceased elongation and in which many cells were depositing secondary cell wall material. This is one of only few studies specifically aimed at the identification of cell wall-related genes in grasses. Analysis identified new candidate genes for a role in primary and secondary cell wall-related processes in grasses. The results suggest that many proteins involved in cell wall-related processes during normal development are also recruited during defence-related
https://omictools.com/e5fc813c7020007e2ca1759e1b53956c-dataset
Versatile carboxymethyl chitin and chitosan nanomaterials: A review | Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamVersatile carboxymethyl chitin and chitosan nanomaterials: A review | Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
p,Biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low cost of chitin and chitosan have drawn immense attention in many fields including medicine, bioinspired material science, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. Their handling and processing are difficult owing to its insolubility in neutral aqueous solution or organic solvents. One of the methods used to improve the solubility characteristics of chitin and chitosan is chemical modification. Introducing a carboxymethyl group is the most advantageous method of increasing the solubility of chitosan at neutral and alkaline pH. Carboxymethyl chitin (CMC) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) are water soluble derivatives formed by introducing CH2COOH function into the polymer which endows it with better biological properties. The functional group makes CMC/CMCS nanoparticles (NPs) efficient vehicles for the delivery of DNA, proteins, and drugs. This review provides an overview of the characteristics of CMC/CMCS NPs as well as fulfills the task of describing and ...
https://www.amrita.edu/node/versatile-carboxymethyl-chitin-and-chitosan-nanomaterials-review
An In Vivo Chitin Visualization Tool : IGTRCNAn In Vivo Chitin Visualization Tool : IGTRCN
Chitin binding appeared to be specific and the authors presented some data that suggested that some of ChtVis-Tomato was stably bound to chitin while some seemed to be continually binding and releasing from chitin.. ChtVis-Tomato was useful for making long time lapse observations in vivo.. The ChtVis-Tomato reporter was construted in the pWALIUM10-moe vector and inserted into the Drosophila genome using phiC31 mediated integration. ChtVis-Tomato is under the regulatory control of a 5XUAS-containing promoter allowing it to be expressed in any Gal4 driver lines of D. melanogaster. The reporter is flanked by gypsy insulator sequences. pWALIUM10-moe contains a mini white gene that serves as a genetic marker in the appropriate mutant white background.. With a bit of modification and reconfiguring ChtVis-Tomato could easily be deployed in any insect and is expected to function as it has in D. melanogaster.. Lukasz F. Sobala, Ying Wang, Paul N. Adler (2015) ChtVis-Tomato, a genetic reporter for in vivo ...
https://igtrcn.org/an-in-vivo-chitin-visualization-tool/
chitin facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about chitin
Get information, facts, and pictures about chitin at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about chitin easy with credible articles from our FREE, online encyclopedia and dictionary.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/science-and-technology/biochemistry/biochemistry/chitin
CN102365983A - Chitin-containing biscuit - Google Patents
The invention provides a biscuit containing abundant chitin which accounts for 5-8% of the total weight of the biscuit. The weight-losing effect of the chitin is as follows: carboniums in the chitin can be automatically attached to electronegative fat in food so as to block off the action of lipase so that the fat is not absorbed in intestine and is directly discharged out of body, wherein, the chitin is combined with the fat and then is discharged out of body but is not combined with protein in important nutrients, thus preventing harm on a human body. Therefore, the biscuit containing the abundant chitin can be eaten securely by a person who wants to reduce weight without affecting nutrient absorption; and in addition, the chitin is different from the common diet food which reaches the weight-losing effect by suppressing appetite or causing diarrhea of the person, and moreover, the chitin has the efficacy of improving a metabolism function of digestive tract.
https://patents.google.com/patent/CN102365983A/en
IBIMA Publishing Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Chitin and Chemically Treated Chitosan Prepared from Shrimp ...IBIMA Publishing Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Chitin and Chemically Treated Chitosan Prepared from Shrimp ...
Introduction. Chitin is a polysaccharide of animal origin found abundantly in nature and characterized by a fibrous structure. It forms the basis of the main constituent of the outer skeleton of insects and crustaceans like shrimp, crabs and lobster (Kumar et al., 2005). According to Chen (1998) the chitin structure can be modified by removing the acetyl groups, which are bond to amine radicals in the C2 position on the glucan ring, by means of a chemical hydrolysis in concentrated alkaline solution at elevated temperature to produce a deacetylated form known as chitosan.. No, H.K. et al., (2002) stated that antibacterial activity of chitosan is effective in inhibiting growth of bacteria. The antimicrobial properties of chitosan depend on its molecular weight and the type of bacterium. For gram-positive bacteria, chitosan with 470 KDa was the most effective, except for Lactbacillus sp., whereas for gram-negative bacteria, chitosan with 1,106 KDa was effective. Chitosan generally showed stronger ...
http://ibimapublishing.com/articles/JVM/2013/369217/
Chitin Related Keywords & Suggestions - Chitin Long Tail Keywords
These are some of the images that we found within the public domain for your Chitin keyword. These images will give you an idea of the kind of image(s) to place in your articles and wesbites. You can always use one of these images but please respect the copyright of the owner, We have provided the original source link for you to also credit the image(s) owner as we have done here.. ...
http://www.keyword-suggestions.com/Y2hpdGlu/
Chitin Manufacturers, Glucosamine , Demineralization for Chitin in India
Marshall Marine Products is expertise in manufacturing Chitin from extracted shellfish waste such as shrimps, crabs and crawfish through the deprotenization, demineralization process
http://www.cutmirchi.com/view/detail/65426/
Patente US5931994 - Paint composition with insecticidal and anti-arthropodicidal properties for ... - Google PatentesPatente US5931994 - Paint composition with insecticidal and anti-arthropodicidal properties for ... - Google Patentes
A paint composition for controlling pests and allergens through inhibiting chitin synthesis, includes a mixture of 10 to 40% by weight of water, 5 to 50% by weight of resin, 0.001 to 40% by weight of a chitin inhibitor, 0.001 to 5% by weight of an organophosphate, 1 to 40% by weight of pigment, 1 to 60% by weight of a carrier material, and 1 to 20% by weight of a stabilizer, wherein the weight percentages are based on the total weight of the mixture.
http://www.google.es/patents/US5931994?dq=flatulence
Bicd1 Mouse Gene Details | BICD cargo adaptor 1 | International Mouse Phenotyping ConsortiumBicd1 Mouse Gene Details | BICD cargo adaptor 1 | International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium
Phenotype data for mouse gene Bicd1. Discover Bicd1s significant phenotypes, expression, images, histopathology and more. Data for gene Bicd1 is all freely available for download.
https://www.mousephenotype.org/data/genes/MGI:1101760
CSMB submission to FINA committee consultations in advance of budget 2019 - Canadian Society for Molecular BiosciencesCSMB submission to FINA committee consultations in advance of budget 2019 - Canadian Society for Molecular Biosciences
Read our submission to the House of Commons Permanent Committee on Finances (FINA) consultations in advance of budget 2019. 2018-08-04_Submission of the CSMB for Pre-Budget Consultations. ...
https://csmb-scbm.ca/csmb-submission-to-consultation-in-advance-of-budget-2019/
Potential Application of Chitin Signaling in Engineering Broad-Sp...
Chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, is an important structural component in the cell walls of fungal pathogens. Plant chitinases are capable of degrading this component to directly inhib...
http://free-journal.umm.ac.id/detail-6318-title-potential-application-of-chitin-signaling-in-engineering-broadspectrum-disease-resistance-to-fungal-and-bacterial-pathogens-in-plants.html
Chitin Shell | Dissolution of Pneuma | Obsidian PortalChitin Shell | Dissolution of Pneuma | Obsidian Portal
One has a pink/brown hue, the other a steely blue hue. Two full top shells, and four full bottom shell halves. Forged by Greycore there is a Chitin Shield and
http://dissolution-of-pneuma.obsidianportal.com/items/chitin-shell
Novel Solution for Agriculture in Organic Way | Agriville.comNovel Solution for Agriculture in Organic Way | Agriville.com
Marshall Marine Products is an Indian Marine Biotechnology Company, focused on Chitin and its derivatives. We pioneered in the development of Chitin Science, working relentlessly on improving the production technologies, and exploring new opportunities for developing new and innovative applications, by exploiting the unique properties of Chitin and its Derivatives. We coordinate, communicate, and collaborate with Industrial, and Scientific Research & Development and with Academic Communities
https://www.agriville.com/threads/33175-novel-solution-for-agriculture-in-organic-way?s=5abb259d590dec764dccd739f8e9429a
FOOD SUPPLEMENT BASED ON CHITIN WITH ENHANCED LIPID-LOWERING AND SORPTION PROPERTIES - Progress on Chemistry and Application of...
Method for evaluating lipid-binding qualities of enterosorbent was described. Mathod takes into account peculiarities of food digestion. A number of lipid binding agents was tested. The researches showed that biologically active additive to food Chizitel extracted via electrochemical method has the highest sorption properties towards triglycerides and fatty acids in comparison with well-known enterosorbents such as chitosan and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in the investigated PH-range ...
http://psjd.icm.edu.pl/psjd/element/bwmeta1.element.psjd-fd6bf822-b8b9-45ad-8f84-d0fa28e82bdd?q=bwmeta1.element.psjd-a2eefb05-a4ea-4bdc-82af-5d009ec50a7f
Targeting Chitin-containing Organisms | Qing Yang | SpringerTargeting Chitin-containing Organisms | Qing Yang | Springer
This book contains comprehensive contributions on chitin biology and chitin metabolism related enzymes, aiming to provide with recent research progress about biology of chitin-containing organisms as well as cross-talks between chitin-containing and non-chitin-containing organisms.
https://www.springer.com/us/book/9789811373176
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Village Inn Restaurant-Dow Sherwoods - Clearwater, FL | GrouponVillage Inn Restaurant-Dow Sherwoods - Clearwater, FL | Groupon
Find your next sugar rush at Village Inn, a sweet dessert shop nestled in the Clearwater area of Clearwater. Vegans cant get enough of the healthy food Village Inn incorporates into their dishes. Sometimes its hard to find space for everyone in your party, but Village Inn makes it easy. Book your room today.Not a popular place for dress-up dining, most Village Inn patrons come in casual attire.At Village Inn, free parking is offered on the whole block.You wont find better prices in town than at Village Inn, so grab all the snacks you can carry. Morning, noon, or night, you can head on over to Village Inn since they serve breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Night owls and early risers alike will appreciate that the restaurant is open 24 hours a day. When it comes to desserts, Village Inn serves up a variety of options. Stop by today and check out the latest offerings.
https://www.groupon.com/biz/clearwater/village-inn-1
Chitinase - Proteopedia, life in 3DChitinase - Proteopedia, life in 3D
Chitinases cleave the beta-1-4-glycosidic bond between the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units of which chitin is comprised. Chitinases are present in plants, bacteria and fungi. The first chitinase structures were solved in 1994, from a bacterium (1ctn) and a plant (2hvm). A mechanism for chitin cleavage was proposed based on several structures and was later confirmed. [1] ...
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Chitinase
CAZy - CBM14
Modules of approx. 70 residues. The chitin-binding function has been demonstrated in several cases. These modules are found attached to a number of chitinase catalytic domains, but also in non-catalytic proteins either in isolation or as multiple repeats; chitin binding (EC IIa.chitin ...
http://www.cazy.org/CBM14_viruses.html?debut_TAXO=400
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Radioisotopes and Their Biomedical Applications | OMICS InternationalRadioisotopes and Their Biomedical Applications | OMICS International
Radionuclides also termed as radioisotopes are elements that possess radioactivity. It means upon decay they emit radiations like alpha, beta or gamma particles and trans..
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/radioisotopes-and-their-biomedical-applications-2167-7956-1000156.php?aid=92789
Slip Inn deutsch. Medikament Slip Inn Preis in Deutschland Internetapotheke.
Deutschland Slip Inn kaufen online. Bester Preis für Slip Inn. Arzneimittel von höchster Qualität. Schnelle Lieferung weltweit.
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Pets and other Critters: October 2012Pets and other Critters: October 2012
The outer body is made up of segments, or rings. Muscles run all along the worm under the segments. Outside of each segment are bristles made of chitin (the same stuff that makes up the exoskeleton of insects). These bristles are like little appendages. Indeed, if you have ever tried to pull a worm out of the ground and found it hard to do, its because the worm was gripping the earth with those bristles. Sometimes worms get pulled apart during these battles. The worm can survive and regrow part of its body if not too much is lost ...
http://petsandothercritters.blogspot.com/2012_10_01_archive.html
Conversion - Aleatorblog
Today I would like to introduce my new Kill Team: The Zoats. Not much is known these days about this xenos race. I focused on the part of their lore regarding their supposed enslavement by the Tyranids. The question now is, how the Tyranids would be able to do so. Thus I came up with a whole new-made up unit, the Cephalotrophs. The Cephalotrophs are a small, floating breed of Tyranids who have quite a fragile body which mainly is a gland plus a little tail. While on the hunt their chitin scale is used to protect them but as soon as they find a possible host they try to hug them from behind. Flesh hooks are fired .... ...
http://aleatorblog.de/category/conversion/
Historic Hotel in Westerham, Kent, The Grasshopper InnHistoric Hotel in Westerham, Kent, The Grasshopper Inn
The Grasshopper Inn, a Historic Hotel in Westerham, Kent has rooms starting at £75 per night and is rated 4 stars. We have hand-rated The Grasshopper Inn and awarded it 4 out of 5 for historic interest.
https://www.britainexpress.com/counties/kent/stay/BE38079.htm
Sawasdee Sukhumvit Inn, Bangkok (Sukhumvit Rd., Soi 57)
Sawasdee Sukhumvit Inn, Sukhumvit Rd., Soi 57 from 27 $ (15.Dec) Instant hotel booking. Sawasdee Sukhumvit Inn located at Sukhumvit 57 Business district , Shopping and Entertainment district of Bangkok. And not far from Thong Lo BTS (Skyt...
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Comfort Inn Naugatuck - Waterbury - Reviews, Photos & Rates | ebookers.comComfort Inn Naugatuck - Waterbury - Reviews, Photos & Rates | ebookers.com
Comfort Inn Naugatuck - Waterbury reviews and the Comfort Inn Naugatuck - Waterbury room rates. All the best hotel deals on ebookers.com.
https://www.ebookers.com/New-Haven-Hotels-Comfort-Inn-Naugatuck.h1932357.Hotel-Information
Chitin synthaseChitin synthase
... chitin synthetase, and trans-N-acetylglucosaminosylase. This enzyme participates in aminosugars metabolism. Chitin Synthase is ... In enzymology, a chitin synthase (EC 2.4.1.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [ ... Chitin synthase is placed into the interior side of the cell membrane and then activated.[citation needed] GLASER L, BROWN DH ( ... Other names in common use include chitin-UDP N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, chitin-uridine diphosphate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitin_synthase
NikkomycinNikkomycin
Originally identified from Streptomyces tendae, the nikkomycins are chitin synthase inhibitors. Steinbach, WJ; Stevens, DA (1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikkomycin
Enterocytozoon bieneusiEnterocytozoon bieneusi
Inhibitors of chitin synthase enzymes seem to be effective against this pathogen. Fumagillin and albendazole treatments seem ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterocytozoon_bieneusi
Chaetomium atrobrunneumChaetomium atrobrunneum
This species has also been reported to produce chaetoatrosin A, a selective inhibitor of chitin synthase II. This enzyme is ... a Novel Chitin Synthase II Inhibitor Produced by Chaetomium atrobrunneum F449". The Journal of Antibiotics. 53 (3): 248-55. doi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaetomium_atrobrunneum
List of sequenced protist genomesList of sequenced protist genomes
June 2015). "The Plasmodiophora brassicae genome reveals insights in its life cycle and ancestry of chitin synthases". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sequenced_protist_genomes
ClubrootClubroot
2015). "The Plasmodiophora brassicae genome reveals insights in its life cycle and ancestry of chitin synthases". Scientific ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clubroot
Mucor mucedoMucor mucedo
Chitinases and chitin synthases are regulated for the lysis and synthesis of the major cell wall component chitin, and have ... Both are inactivated when treated with phospholipases and growth is shunted Chitin synthase activity can also be inhibited by ... "Morphological Changes of the Filamentous Fungus Mucor Mucedo and Inhibition of Chitin Synthase Activity Induced by Anethole". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucor_mucedo
Forensic entomologyForensic entomology
Three genes were measured in an experiment with Drosophila melanogaster: bicoid (bcd), slalom (sll), and chitin synthase (cs). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_entomology
Stigmatella aurantiacaStigmatella aurantiaca
... which encodes a polypeptide homologous to chitin synthases, fbfB, a gene encoding a putative galactose oxidase, various genes ... aurantiaca Fruiting Body Formation Is Dependent on the fbfA Gene Encoding a Polypeptide Homologous to Chitin Synthases" (PDF). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stigmatella_aurantiaca
Glossary of mycologyGlossary of mycology
chitosome A small spheroidal organelle in many fungi that synthesizes chitin using chitin synthase zymogen, to use for cell ... chitin A nitrogen-containing polysaccharide found in many fungal cell walls, generally as part of a chitin-glucan complex. From ... Contain cellulose in their cell walls rather than chitin, and coenocytic hypae rather than septate hyphae. oosphere Female ... cell walls are composed of a chitin-glucan complex, mitochondria have flattened cristae and perioxomes are nearly always ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mycology
ChlorovirusChlorovirus
Some chloroviruses contain chitin synthase (CHS) genes while some others contain hyaluronan synthase (HAS) genes, respectively ... triggering the formation of chitin sensitive fibres or hyaluronan sensitive fibres. Though the function of producing a fibrous ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorovirus
Chaetomium cupreumChaetomium cupreum
... which is reflected in the large number of acquired genes encoding class V chitin synthase and glucan synthase found in the C. ... The destruction of nascent chitin of pathogens generates oligosaccharides containing GlcNAC which elicits a general antifungal ... Chaetomium cupreum produces a range of antifungal metabolites including polyketide synthase, terpenes, chetomin, rotiorinols A- ... The cell wall of C. cupreum is largely composed of chitin and glucan, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaetomium_cupreum
Heterotopia (medicine)Heterotopia (medicine)
... but however Chitin synthase is maintained in many lineages where it does not have an obvious macroscopic function. It is ... An example is chitin a very durable structural protein used in surgical sutures as well as durable varnishes but is common to ... But is also found in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Wagner et al., suggest that chitin might have a microscopic ... and the manufacture of insect cuticle for example might represent a recurrent change in the location of expression chitin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterotopia_(medicine)
RozellidaRozellida
... as indicated with calcofluor-white stain as well as the presence of a fungal-specific chitin synthase gene. Rozellida were ... Without the chitin the cryptomycota can be phagotrophic parasites that feed by attaching to, engulfing, or living inside other ... Despite their unconventional feeding habits,[clarification needed] chitin has been observed in the inner layer of resting ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozellida
GlycosyltransferaseGlycosyltransferase
... inhibitors of chitin synthase, and the echinocandins, inhibitors of fungal β-1,3-glucan synthases. Some glycosyltransferase ... Lufenuron is an inhibitor of insect chitin syntheses and is used to control fleas in animals. Imidazolium-based synthetic ... Carbohydrate chemistry Chemical glycosylation Glucuronosyltransferase Glycogen synthase Glycosyl acceptor Glycosyl donor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycosyltransferase
Momilactone-A synthaseMomilactone-A synthase
A is produced in response to attack by a pathogen through the perception of elicitor signal molecules such as chitin ... Momilactone-A synthase (EC 1.1.1.295, momilactone A synthase, OsMAS) is an enzyme with systematic name 3beta-hydroxy-9beta- ... Momilactone-A+synthase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology v t e (EC 1.1.1, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momilactone-A_synthase
Ent-cassa-12,15-diene synthaseEnt-cassa-12,15-diene synthase
... from suspension-cultured rice cells treated with a chitin elicitor". The Plant Journal. 37 (1): 1-8. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x. ... Ent-cassa-12,15-diene+synthase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology v t e (EC ... ent-Cassa-12,15-diene synthase (EC 4.2.3.28, OsDTC1, OsKS7) is an enzyme with systematic name ent-copalyl-diphosphate ... 15-diene synthase, a putative diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthetic enzyme, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent-cassa-12,15-diene_synthase
Aspergillus giganteusAspergillus giganteus
3-glucan synthase A gene responsible for remodeling cell walls and inhibiting the formation of chitin. AFP may also alter the ... First, AFP may inhibit cell growth by inhibiting chitin synthesis. In sensitive fungi, AFP activates the cell wall integrity ... Hagen S, Marx F, Ram AF, Meyer V (April 2007). "The antifungal protein AFP from Aspergillus giganteus inhibits chitin synthesis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus_giganteus
List of MeSH codes (D08)List of MeSH codes (D08)
... chitin synthase MeSH D08.811.913.400.450.460.350 - glycogen debranching enzyme system MeSH D08.811.913.400.450.460.375 - ... riboflavin synthase MeSH D08.811.913.225.825 - spermidine synthase MeSH D08.811.913.225.912 - spermine synthase MeSH D08.811. ... nitric oxide synthase type i MeSH D08.811.682.664.500.772.500 - nitric oxide synthase type ii MeSH D08.811.682.664.500.772.750 ... glycogen synthase kinases MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500 - glycogen synthase kinase 3 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D08)
EchinocandinEchinocandin
... s noncompetitively inhibit beta-1,3-D-glucan synthase enzyme complex in susceptible fungi to disturb fungal cell ... strengthening of cell wall by increased chitin production, upregulation of stress-response pathways, and dysregulation of ... Resistance patterns include alterations in the glucan synthase (Fks1-Fks2 complex), overexpression of efflux pumps, ... 3-β glucan synthase. The class has been termed the "penicillin of antifungals," along with the related papulacandins, as their ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinocandin
Cell wallCell wall
Fungi use a chitin-glucan-protein cell wall. They share the 1,3-β-glucan synthesis pathway with plants, using homologous GT48 ... Cellulose microfibrils are produced at the plasma membrane by the cellulose synthase complex, which is proposed to be made of a ... Both chitin and chitosan are synthesized and extruded at the plasma membrane. glucans: glucose polymers that function to cross- ... An alternative scenario is that fungi started with a chitin-based cell wall and later acquired the GT-48 enzymes for the 1,3-β- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_wall
Septum (cell biology)Septum (cell biology)
The synthesis of linear β(1,3)-D-glucan for the primary septum is done by the enzyme β(1,3)-D-glucan synthase and regulated by ... In particular, chitinase 2 is required, an enzyme that synthesises chitin thereby building up the primary septum. A secondary ... septum of β-glucans and mannoproteins is then assembled using the enzyme 1,3-Beta-glucan synthase, and the primary septum ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septum_(cell_biology)
Α-Aminoadipate pathwayΑ-Aminoadipate pathway
In the eukaryotes, this pathway is unique to the higher fungi (containing chitin in their cell walls) and the euglenids. It has ... Homocitrate is initially synthesised from acetyl-CoA and 2-oxoglutarate by homocitrate synthase. This is then converted to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Α-Aminoadipate_pathway
Eyespot (wheat)Eyespot (wheat)
In some cases beta, 1-3 glycan synthase is also released to penetrate the callose matrix. Once the fungus penetrates the wheat ... cell wall, the fungal cell wall materials (i.e. chitin) act as elicitors which interact with plant receptors and induce the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyespot_(wheat)
Microbial geneticsMicrobial genetics
ATP synthase is used as photophosphorylation to convert chemicals into ATP. Archaea and bacteria are structurally similar even ... which means archaea do not produce cellulose or chitin. Archaea are most closely related to eukaryotes due to tRNA present in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_genetics
List of EC numbers (EC 2)List of EC numbers (EC 2)
... sucrose-phosphate synthase EC 2.4.1.15: α,α-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) EC 2.4.1.16: chitin synthase EC 2.4.1.17 ... 2-ethylmalate synthase EC 2.3.3.7: 3-ethylmalate synthase EC 2.3.3.8: ATP citrate synthase EC 2.3.3.9: malate synthase EC 2.3. ... synthase EC 2.3.3.2: decylcitrate synthase EC 2.3.3.3: citrate (Re)-synthase EC 2.3.3.4: decylhomocitrate synthase EC 2.3.3.5: ... squalene synthase EC 2.5.1.22: spermine synthase EC 2.5.1.23: sym-norspermidine synthase EC 2.5.1.24: discadenine synthase EC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_2)
List of biomoleculesList of biomolecules
Asparagine Aspartic acid Asymmetric dimethylarginine ATP synthase Atrial-natriuretic peptide (ANP) Auxin Avidin Azadirachtin A ... C19H42BrN Chelerythrine Chromomycin A3 Chaparonin Chitin α-Chloralose Chlorophyll Cholecystokinin (CCK) Cholesterol Choline ... Glycine Glycogen Glycogenin Glycogen synthase Glycogen phosphorylase Glycolic acid Glycolipid Glycoprotein Gonadotropin- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_biomolecules
StarchStarch
The enzyme starch synthase then adds the ADP-glucose via a 1,4-alpha glycosidic bond to a growing chain of glucose residues, ... This is in contrast to many structural polysaccharides such as chitin, cellulose and peptidoglycan, which are bound by beta ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starch
List of EC numbers (EC 1)List of EC numbers (EC 1)
... hercynylcysteine S-oxide synthase EC 1.14.99.52: L-cysteinyl-L-histidinylsulfoxide synthase EC 1.14.99.53: lytic chitin ... pyruvate synthase EC 1.2.7.2: Now included with EC 1.2.7.1, pyruvate synthase. EC 1.2.7.3: 2-oxoglutarate synthase EC 1.2.7.4: ... berbamunine synthase EC 1.1.3.35: Now EC 1.14.21.4, salutaridine synthase EC 1.1.3.36: Now EC 1.14.21.5, (S)-canadine synthase ... clavaminate synthase EC 1.14.11.22: Now EC 1.14.20.5, flavone synthase EC 1.14.11.23: Now EC 1.14.20.6, flavonol synthase EC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_1)
Glyoxylate cycleGlyoxylate cycle
Evidence exists for malate synthase activity in humans due to a dual functional malate/B-methylmalate synthase of mitochondrial ... and chitin. In these organisms, in the absence of available carbohydrates (for example, in certain microbial environments or ... "CLYBL is a polymorphic human enzyme with malate synthase and β-methylmalate synthase activity". Human Molecular Genetics. 23 (9 ... Mammals are incapable of executing the pathway due to the lack of two enzymes, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase, which are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyoxylate_cycle
MetabolismMetabolism
Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. The acyl chains in the fatty ... chitin in animals). The basic carbohydrate units are called monosaccharides and include galactose, fructose, and most ... This force drives protons back into the mitochondrion through the base of an enzyme called ATP synthase. The flow of protons ... Dimroth P, von Ballmoos C, Meier T (March 2006). "Catalytic and mechanical cycles in F-ATP synthases. Fourth in the Cycles ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism
Ingo PotrykusIngo Potrykus
Schlaman H, Gisel A, Quaedvlieg N, Bloemberg G, Lugtenberg B, Kijne J, Potrykus I, Spaink H, Sautter C (1997) Chitin ... phytoene synthase accumulates phytoene, a key intermediate of provitamin A biosynthesis. Plant J 11:1071-1078. Futterer J, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingo_Potrykus
Glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferaseGlucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase
This end product acts as a carrier of N-Acetylglucosamine, which is the monomeric unit of chitin, a structural polymer that ... N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate synthase, phosphoglucosamine N-acetylase, glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase, and ... For instance, it constitutes one of the main difference in the molecular structure of chitin and cellulose, and explains many ... Cui J, Yu Z, Lau D (January 2016). "Effect of Acetyl Group on Mechanical Properties of Chitin/Chitosan Nanocrystal: A Molecular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosamine-phosphate_N-acetyltransferase
GlycogenGlycogen
Chitin Peptidoglycan McArdle, William D.; Katch, Frank I.; Katch, Victor L. (2006). Exercise physiology: Energy, nutrition, and ... After about eight glucose molecules have been added to a tyrosine residue, the enzyme glycogen synthase progressively lengthens ... including glycogen synthase. Glucose molecules are added to the chains of glycogen as long as both insulin and glucose remain ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen
Protein splicingProtein splicing
used a chitin binding domain (CBD) from Bacillus circulans as an affinity tag, and fused this tag with a modified Sce VMA ... "A dominant trifluoperazine resistance gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has homology with F0F1 ATP synthase and confers ... This novel technique eliminates the need for a proteolysis step, and modified Sce VMA stays in column attached to chitin ... After expressing the recombinant protein, the cell homogenate is passed through the column containing chitin. This allows the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_splicing
Index of biology articlesIndex of biology articles
ATP synthase - atrioventricular valve - atrium - autoimmune disease - autonomic nervous system - autosome - auxins - axillary ... chitin - chlamydospore - chlorophyll - chloroplast - cholera - cholesterol - chromatin - chromophore - chromosome - chytrid - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_biology_articles
Natural productNatural product
These include cell membranes (e.g. phospholipids), cell walls (e.g. peptidoglycan, chitin), and cytoskeletons (proteins). ... are condensed by fatty acid synthase to produce fatty acids.: Chapter 3 Fatty acid are essential components of lipid bilayers ... chitin, glycogen etc.) Acetate pathway → fatty acids and polyketides Shikimate pathway → aromatic amino acids and ... structural biology of marine polyketide synthases". Natural Product Reports. 29 (10): 1038-49. doi:10.1039/c2np20016c. PMC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_product
CercosporinCercosporin
It has been observed that cercosporin-producing fungi that contain the Avr4 gene produce an effector that acts as a chitin- ... Cercosporin is biosynthesized via polyketide synthases, and there are several genes that have been found responsible in the ... "The CTB1 gene encoding a fungal polyketide synthase is required for cercosporin biosynthesis and fungal virulence of Cercospora ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cercosporin
XylanXylan
However, no xylan synthase complexes have been isolated from Arabidopsis tissues (dicot). The first gene involved in the ... Xylan is the third most abundant biopolymer on Earth, after cellulose and chitin.[citation needed] Xylans are polysaccharides ... 2016) reported a xylan synthase complex (XSC) from wheat that has a central core formed of two members of the GT43 and GT47 ... 2010) immuno-purified xylan synthase activity from etiolated wheat (Triticum aestivum) microsomes. Jiang et al. ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylan
Microbial metabolismMicrobial metabolism
Instead of using an ATP synthase as in respiration, ATP in fermentative organisms is produced by substrate-level ... chitin or lignin which are generally indigestible to larger animals. Generally, the oxidative breakdown of large polymers to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_metabolism
BiologyBiology
A synapomorphy that distinguishes fungi from other two opisthokonts is the presence of chitin in their cell walls. Most fungi ... Energy from the proton motive force drives the enzyme ATP synthase to synthesize more ATPs by phosphorylating ADPs. The ... from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma through the ATP synthase is coupled to the synthesis of ATP by that same ATP synthase. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology
AntifungalAntifungal
Echinocandins inhibit the creation of glucan in the fungal cell wall by inhibiting 1,3-Beta-glucan synthase: Anidulafungin ... blocks formation of chitin present in the cell wall of fungus. Orotomide (F901318) - pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor Piroctone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal
Acidobacterium capsulatumAcidobacterium capsulatum
Polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS) enzymes are known for their roles in the synthesis of ... starch and chitin. A. capsulatum contains a large number of glycoside hydrolase-encoding genes and genes that encode plant cell ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidobacterium_capsulatum
OpisthokontOpisthokont
... characteristics include synthesis of extracellular chitin in exoskeleton, cyst/spore wall, or cell wall of ... and plants have a fusion of thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase not present in the opisthokonts. Animals and fungi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokont
Index of oncology articlesIndex of oncology articles
... thymidylate synthase inhibitor - thymoma - Thyrogen - thyroglobulin - thyroid follicular cell - thyroid hormone - thyroid- ... chitin - chlorambucil - chlorine - chloroma - chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide - cholangiocarcinoma - cholangiosarcoma - cholelith ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_oncology_articles
The structure of mollusc larval shells formed in the presence of the chitin synthase inhibitor Nikkomycin Z | BMC Structural...The structure of mollusc larval shells formed in the presence of the chitin synthase inhibitor Nikkomycin Z | BMC Structural...
Mollusc shell chitin is synthesized via a complex transmembrane chitin synthase with an intracellular myosin motor domain. ... Provided that NikkomycinZ mainly affects chitin synthesis in molluscs, the presented data suggest that the mollusc chitin ... Enzymatic mollusc chitin synthesis was investigated in vivo by using the small-molecule drug NikkomycinZ, a structural analogue ... The partial inhibition of chitin synthesis in vivo during larval development by NikkomycinZ (5 μM - 10 μM) dramatically alters ...
https://bmcstructbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6807-7-71/figures/4
Avhandlingar.se: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY PH DOMAIN
... cellulose synthase gene; chitin synthase gene; Oomycetes; Phytophthora infestans; Saprolegnia monoica; pleckstrin homology ... cellulose synthase genes; chitin synthase genes; oomycetes; Saprolegnia monoica; Microtubule Interacting and Trafficking MIT ... 1. Characterization of specific domains of the cellulose and chitin synthases from pathogenic oomycetes. Författare :Christian ... 3. Functional characterization of cellulose and chitin synthase genes in Oomycetes. Författare :Johanna Fugelstad; Vincent ...
https://www.avhandlingar.se/om/Pleckstrin+Homology+PH+domain/
Profile | Biosciences | University of ExeterProfile | Biosciences | University of Exeter
Here, we investigate the secretion of cell wall-forming chitin synthases (CHSs) in the corn pathogen Ustilago maydis. We show ... Here, we investigate the secretion of cell wall-forming chitin synthases (CHSs) in the corn pathogen Ustilago maydis. We show ... Myosin-5, kinesin-1 and myosin-17 cooperate in secretion of fungal chitin synthase. ... Myosin-5, kinesin-1 and myosin-17 cooperate in secretion of fungal chitin synthase. ...
http://biosciences.exeter.ac.uk/staff/profile/index.php?web_id=nic_harmer
Frontiers | Pleiotropic Roles of ChSat4 in Asexual Development, Cell Wall Integrity Maintenance, and Pathogenicity in...Frontiers | Pleiotropic Roles of ChSat4 in Asexual Development, Cell Wall Integrity Maintenance, and Pathogenicity in...
These data indicated that ChSat4 was involved in the cell wall integrity in C. higginsianum by regulating the chitin synthases ... Chitin is a major component of the cell wall of fungi, and the normal synthesis and distribution of chitin are important for ... The expression levels of chitin synthases were significantly inhibited in the ΔChSat4 mutant. ... The expression of seven chitin synthases in the wild type and ΔChsat4 mutant. Error bars represent the SD, and t-test analysis ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02311/full
Science Clips - Volume 13, Issue 10, March 23, 2021Science Clips - Volume 13, Issue 10, March 23, 2021
BACKGROUND: Nikkomycin Z is a competitive inhibitor of chitin synthase-an enzyme needed for synthesis of the fungal cell wall. ...
https://www.cdc.gov/library/sciclips/issues/v13issue10.html
Plants | Free Full-Text | Nematicidal Activity of the Endophyte Serratia ureilytica against Nacobbus aberrans in Chili Plants ...Plants | Free Full-Text | Nematicidal Activity of the Endophyte Serratia ureilytica against Nacobbus aberrans in Chili Plants ...
Nematode chitin synthases: Gene structure, expression and function in Caenorhabditis elegans and the plant parasitic nematode ... The species Serratia is reported as an efficient biological chitin degrading bacterium [19]. Within the characterization of the ... of colloidal chitin (Sigma-Aldrich Corp, Darmstadt, Alemania.) as sole carbon sources [16]. The bacteria isolates were checked ... colloidal chitin, respectively. The protease or chitinase activity is observed by the formation of halo around the bacterial ...
https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/12/2655
Publications list | The James Hutton InstitutePublications list | The James Hutton Institute
Analysis of chitin synthase function in a plant parasitic nematode, Meloidogyne artiellia, using RNAi. Gene. 349:87-95. ...
https://www.hutton.ac.uk/publications/publications-list?page=7&sort=author&order=asc
Find Research outputs - University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignFind Research outputs - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
RNA Interference Mediated Serine Protease Gene (Spbtry1) Knockdown Affects Growth and Mortality in the Soybean Pod Borer ...RNA Interference Mediated Serine Protease Gene (Spbtry1) Knockdown Affects Growth and Mortality in the Soybean Pod Borer ...
HeteroCyclesHeteroCycles
... synthesis on solid support and evaluation of their enzyme inhibitory activity against Candida albicans chitin synthases are ...
https://heterocycles.jp/newlibrary/libraries/journal/55/6
Promotion of in Vitro Hair Cell-like Cell Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells through the Regulation of Notch...Promotion of in Vitro Hair Cell-like Cell Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells through the Regulation of Notch...
Forster H, Shuai B (2020) Exogenous siRNAs against chitin synthase gene suppress the growth of the pathogenic fungus ...
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-935209/v1
KSU Gets Patent for Method to Control Plant Nematodes in Soybean- Crop Biotech Update (November 26, 2010) | Crop Biotech Update...
By controlling three genes namely, MSP or Major Sperm Protein, Chitin synthase, and RNA Polymerase II, researchers were able to ...
https://www.isaaa.org/kc/cropbiotechupdate/article/default.asp?ID=6988
A CDC25 family protein phosphatase gates cargo recognition by the Vps26 retromer subunit | eLifeA CDC25 family protein phosphatase gates cargo recognition by the Vps26 retromer subunit | eLife
2003) The yeasts Rho1p and Pkc1p regulate the transport of chitin synthase III (Chs3p) from internal stores to the plasma ... 2000) The yeast Chs4 protein stimulates the trypsin-sensitive activity of chitin synthase 3 through an apparent protein-protein ... chitin synthase 3 (Chs3) is diverted into the constitutive secretory pathway due to deletions of the Chs6 exomer subunit and ... we harnessed the activity of yeast chitin synthase 3 (Chs3), an integral membrane enzyme that is trafficked between Golgi and ...
https://elifesciences.org/articles/24126
Dimitris Kafetzopoulos - Google ScholarDimitris Kafetzopoulos - Google Scholar
Stage-specific expression of the chitin synthase DmeChSA and DmeChSB genes during the onset of Drosophila metamorphosis. ME ... Bioconversion of chitin to chitosan: purification and characterization of chitin deacetylase from Mucor rouxii.. D ... Isolation of chitin deacetylase from Mucor rouxii by immunoaffinity chromatography. A Martinou, D Kafetzopoulos, V Bouriotis ... Chitin deacetylases: new, versatile tools in biotechnology. I Tsigos, A Martinou, D Kafetzopoulos, V Bouriotis ...
https://scholar.google.gr/citations?user=4OPDmr4AAAAJ&hl=en&oe=ASCII
Find Research outputs - The University of Aberdeen Research PortalFind Research outputs - The University of Aberdeen Research Portal
Subject: Agricultural Research Service / Subject term: cultivars and Agricultural Research Service - PubAg Search ResultsSubject: Agricultural Research Service / Subject term: cultivars and Agricultural Research Service - PubAg Search Results
... chitin synthase; chlorosis; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; discoloration; fungi; genes; greenhouse production; greenhouses ... Waxy wheat carries null alleles at the three Wx loci encoding the granule‐bound starch synthase I and produces endosperm starch ... starch synthase; waxy wheat. Abstract:. ... Starch is the most abundant component of wheat (Triticum spp.) grain and flour and ...
https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bsubject_facet%5D%5B%5D=Agricultural+Research+Service&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=cultivars&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=Agricultural+Research+Service&per_page=50&sort=relevance
HomeHome
CandElim helps stop the synthesis of chitin (candida cell wall) by inhibiting production of the chitin synthase enzymes. ...
https://www.gethealthyagain.com/index.php
Find Research outputs - University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignFind Research outputs - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Linking secretion and cell cycle | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University PressLinking secretion and cell cycle | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University Press
Chitin synthase (yellow) prematurely localizes to the bud neck at metaphase if the mitotic kinase is inactivated (bottom).The ... The end of mitosis triggers the export of the Chs2p chitin synthase from the ER to the bud neck, report Zhang et al. on page ... The chitin synthase was restricted to the ER during metaphase when Clb2p activity was at its peak, but premature destruction of ... The Chs2p chitin synthase lays down the primary septum, which divides mother and daughter yeast cells. Previous work showed ...
https://rupress.org/jcb/article/174/2/165b/44315/Linking-secretion-and-cell-cycle
inhibitor | Tabers Medical Dictionaryinhibitor | Taber's Medical Dictionary
chitin synthase inhibitor. Any agent that prevents chitin, a critical component of fungal cell walls, from forming. Agents from ...
https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Tabers-Dictionary/763157/all/matrix_metalloproteinase_inhibitor
Find Publications - Oregon Health & Science UniversityFind Publications - Oregon Health & Science University
The phosphoinositide phosphatase Sac1p controls trafficking of the yeast Chs3p chitin synthase. Schorr, M., Then, A., Tahirovic ...
https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/?format=&ordering=type&descending=true&page=1905
Public defences of doctoral theses | KTHPublic defences of doctoral theses | KTH
Identification and characterisation of chitin and cellulose synthases in oomycetes (Public defences of doctoral theses) U61, ... Identification and characterisation of chitin and cellulose synthases in oomycetes (Public defences of doctoral theses) ...
https://intra.kth.se/en/aktuellt/kalender/disputationer?date=2021-05-24&length=222
Disputationer | CBH internsidorDisputationer | CBH internsidor
Identification and characterisation of chitin and cellulose synthases in oomycetes (Disputationer) U61, Brinellvägen 26, KTH ... Identification and characterisation of chitin and cellulose synthases in oomycetes (Disputationer) ...
https://intra.kth.se/cbh/nyheter-och-handelser/cbh-kalender/disputationer?date=2021-10-18&length=75
Publikationen
Werner, S., Sugui, J.A., Steinberg, G. and Deising, H.B. (2007) A chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain is essential ... Werner, S., Steiner, U., Becher, R., Kortekamp, A., Zyprian, E. and Deising, H.B. (2002) Chitin synthesis during in planta ... Oliveira-Garcia E, Deising HB (2013) Infection structure-specific expression of β-1,3-glucan synthase is essential for ... Developmentally regulated conversion of surface-exposed chitin to chitosan in cell walls of plant pathogenic fungi. New ...
https://www.landw.uni-halle.de/prof/190872_191366/publikationen/
Moulding the mould: understanding and reprogramming filamentous fungal growth and morphogenesis for next generation cell...Moulding the mould: understanding and reprogramming filamentous fungal growth and morphogenesis for next generation cell...
This hypothesis has been validated by RNAi knockdown of chitin synthase encoding genes in A. niger (chsC) and P. chrysogenum ( ... Liu H, Zheng Z, Wang P, Gong G, Wang L, Zhao G. Morphological changes induced by class III chitin synthase gene silencing could ... As just one example, the A. niger chitin synthase encoding gene An12g10380 (chsE) is transcriptionally upregulated during ... or polyketide synthases, including A. nidulans [132, 133], A. oryzae [134], A. niger [6], and P. chrysogenum [135], amongst ...
https://biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-019-1400-4
Code System Concept
Chitin synthase Active Synonym false false 65026016 Chitin-UDP acetylglucosaminyltransferase Active Synonym false false ...
https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewCodeSystemConcept.action?oid=2.16.840.1.113883.6.96&code=38612004
DeCSDeCS
Chitine synthase Entry term(s):. Acetylglucosaminyltransferase, Chitin-UDP. Chitin Synthase 1. Chitin Synthetase 2. Chitin UDP ... Chitin Synthase Entry term(s). Acetylglucosaminyltransferase, Chitin-UDP Chitin UDP Acetylglucosaminyltransferase Chitin-UDP ... Chitin Synthase - Preferred Concept UI. M0004100. Scope note. An enzyme that converts UDP glucosamine into chitin and UDP. EC ... UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:chitin 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Previous Indexing:. Chitin (1974). Glucosamine (1974) ...
https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=2733
Ophiocordyceps kimflemingae
Chitin_synth_1N. Chitin synthase N-terminal. 1.4E-27. 168. 239. ... Chitin synthase 1 OS=Candida albicans GN=CHS1 PE=2 SV=2. 175. ... Chitin synthase G OS=Neosartorya fumigata (strain ATCC MYA-4609 / Af293 / CBS 101355 / FGSC A1100) GN=chsG PE=2 SV=2. 27. 900. ... Chitin synthase G OS=Neosartorya fumigata (strain ATCC MYA-4609 / Af293 / CBS 101355 / FGSC A1100) GN=chsG PE=2 SV=2. 27. 900. ... Chitin synthase 4 OS=Magnaporthe oryzae (strain 70-15 / ATCC MYA-4617 / FGSC 8958) GN=CHS4 PE=3 SV=2. 380. 555. 6.0E-11. ...
https://fungalgenomics.science.uu.nl/portal/ophio5/protein/?proteinId=Ophio5%7C6003
Academic Units - Grants - University of Arizona
Chitin Synthase 8% * Pharmacokinetics 7% * Is DNA uptake the Achilles Heel of N. gonorrhoeae?. So, M. Y. ...
https://experts.arizona.edu/en/organisations/academic-units/projects/?ordering=type&descending=false&page=9
IMP: Integrative Multi-species Prediction
Chitin synthase 2. 0.011. CG4288. CG4288 gene product from transcript CG4288-RB. 0.011. ...
http://imp.princeton.edu/predictions/process/fly-context-global/9301/?gene=145068
GenesInhibitorCandidaYeast chitinEnzymesGeneInhibitionMucorFungalPathogenicityChitosanKafetzopoulosEnzymeActivityProductionPrimary
Genes6
  • By controlling three genes namely, MSP or Major Sperm Protein, Chitin synthase, and RNA Polymerase II, researchers were able to halt the reproduction of the nematodes. (isaaa.org)
  • Molecular analysis of internal transcriber spacer (ITS) and chitin synthase 4 ( CHS4 ) genes validated their original proposal ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The Kansas University team (including two visiting Chinese scientists) recently published a paper, "Chitosan/double-stranded RNA nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference to silence chitin synthase genes through larval feeding in African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)" in the journal Insect Molecular Biology . (newatlas.com)
  • But since the molecules only attack and silence the genes that produce chitin, only local insects, arachnids and crustaceans should be effected. (newatlas.com)
  • Of course, the job is to \'prove\' that only chitin-producing genes are affected. (newatlas.com)
  • In this review, the identification of key genes involving in the pathway of chitin synthesis, particularly the research advance and implication of both trehalases and chitin synthases in pest control, were summarized and analyzed. (cnjournals.com)
Inhibitor1
  • Phospholipase C, immune inhibitor A, chitin-binding protein and a single peptide match to chain A crystal structure of selenomethionine were observed in the secretions of L. infantum promastigotes. (who.int)
Candida2
  • Synthesis of nikkomycin analogue library by combinatorial synthesis on solid support and evaluation of their enzyme inhibitory activity against Candida albicans chitin synthases are described. (heterocycles.jp)
  • CandElim helps stop the synthesis of chitin (candida cell wall) by inhibiting production of the chitin synthase enzymes. (gethealthyagain.com)
Yeast chitin1
  • To identify factors that regulate post-Golgi trafficking of integral membrane proteins, we harnessed the activity of yeast chitin synthase 3 (Chs3), an integral membrane enzyme that is trafficked between Golgi and endosomal compartments and the plasma membrane. (elifesciences.org)
Enzymes1
  • Chitin is crucial for the usual growth and development of insects, thus the enzymes involving in chitin synthesis can be used as promising targets for developing novel insecticides. (cnjournals.com)
Gene4
  • The primary structure of a fungal chitin deacetylase reveals the function for two bacterial gene products. (google.gr)
  • A gene encoding a sixth chitin synthase (Umchs6, sequence GenBank accession No. AF030554) from the plant pathogenic hemibasidiomycete Ustilago maydis (DC. (udl.cat)
  • The aim of the study was to use gene silencing techniques to prevent the growing mosquito larvae from developing properly by suppressing their ability to produce chitin, the main constituent of the hard exoskeleton that mosquitoes share with other insects, crustaceans and spiders. (newatlas.com)
  • This is done by delivering tiny molecules of double-stranded (ds)RNA into the organism, at which point the interfering RNA destroys the messenger RNA of a particular gene - in this case, the chitin production gene. (newatlas.com)
Inhibition2
  • This study is designed to isolate phytoconstituent 3, 4, 4a, 5, 8, 8a-hexahydro-6-methylisochromen-1-one (HMIC) from leaves extract of Stachytarpheta cayennensis and test the antibacterial activity against different pathogenic bacteria l species and in silico glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlcN-6-P) inhibition property of the HMIC. (scialert.net)
  • It also possesses better glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase inhibition in molecular docking studies with minimum docking and binding energy and better ligand efficiency when compared to standard. (scialert.net)
Mucor1
  • Bioconversion of chitin to chitosan: purification and characterization of chitin deacetylase from Mucor rouxii. (google.gr)
Fungal1
  • Any agent that prevents chitin, a critical component of fungal cell walls, from forming. (unboundmedicine.com)
Pathogenicity1
  • Oliveira-Garcia E, Deising HB (2013) Infection structure-specific expression of β-1,3-glucan synthase is essential for pathogenicity of Colletotrichum graminicola and evasion of β-glucan-triggered immunity. (uni-halle.de)
Chitosan2
  • They catalyse the hydrolysis of N-acetamido bonds of chitin, converting it to chitosan. (pdfmedarticles.com)
  • The use of chitin deacetylases for the conversion of chitin to chitosan, in contrast to the presently used chemical procedure, offers the possibility of a controlled, non-degradable process, resulting in the production of novel, well-defined chitosan oligomers and polymers. (pdfmedarticles.com)
Kafetzopoulos1
  • Iason Tsigos, Aggeliki Martinou, Dimitris Kafetzopoulos and Vassilis Bouriotis Chitin deacetylases have been identified in several fungi and insects. (pdfmedarticles.com)
Enzyme1
  • An enzyme that converts UDP glucosamine into chitin and UDP . (bvsalud.org)
Activity5
  • Direct inactivation of Clb2p restored chitin synthase localization, suggesting that the loss of mitotic kinase activity activated the synthase's movement. (rupress.org)
  • The chitin synthase was restricted to the ER during metaphase when Clb2p activity was at its peak, but premature destruction of Clb2p triggered synthase movement to the neck. (rupress.org)
  • Levels of chitin synthase activity in vitro and chitin content were reduced. (udl.cat)
  • Microscopic observations during the infectious process suggest that chitin synthase 6 activity is very important for growth of the fungus into the plant. (udl.cat)
  • The antibacterial activity of HMIC was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar-well diffusion method and automated docking was used to determine the orientation of inhibitors bound in the active site of GlcN-6-P synthase employing AutoDock 3.0. (scialert.net)
Production1
  • Pour ce qui est des plantes r sineuses des grandes for ts du Nord, nous voulons d montrer que les champignons ectomycorhiziens, seuls ou en associations troites avec des bact ries, sont tr s efficaces pour dissoudre l apatite et l orthoclase par la production de divers acides organiques. (ulaval.ca)
Primary1
  • The Chs2p chitin synthase lays down the primary septum, which divides mother and daughter yeast cells. (rupress.org)
Profile | Biosciences | University of Exeter
Profile | Biosciences | University of Exeter (biosciences.exeter.ac.uk)
Frontiers | Pleiotropic Roles of ChSat4 in Asexual Development, Cell Wall Integrity Maintenance, and Pathogenicity in...
Frontiers | Pleiotropic Roles of ChSat4 in Asexual Development, Cell Wall Integrity Maintenance, and Pathogenicity in... (frontiersin.org)
Publications list | The James Hutton Institute
Publications list | The James Hutton Institute (hutton.ac.uk)
Find Research outputs - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Find Research outputs - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (experts.illinois.edu)
RNA Interference Mediated Serine Protease Gene (Spbtry1) Knockdown Affects Growth and Mortality in the Soybean Pod Borer ...
RNA Interference Mediated Serine Protease Gene (Spbtry1) Knockdown Affects Growth and Mortality in the Soybean Pod Borer ... (bioone.org)
HeteroCycles
HeteroCycles (heterocycles.jp)
Promotion of in Vitro Hair Cell-like Cell Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells through the Regulation of Notch...
Promotion of in Vitro Hair Cell-like Cell Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells through the Regulation of Notch... (researchsquare.com)
A CDC25 family protein phosphatase gates cargo recognition by the Vps26 retromer subunit | eLife
A CDC25 family protein phosphatase gates cargo recognition by the Vps26 retromer subunit | eLife (elifesciences.org)
Dimitris Kafetzopoulos - Google Scholar
Dimitris Kafetzopoulos - Google Scholar (scholar.google.gr)
Find Research outputs - The University of Aberdeen Research Portal
Find Research outputs - The University of Aberdeen Research Portal (abdn.pure.elsevier.com)
Home
Home (gethealthyagain.com)
Inhibitor | Taber's Medical Dictionary
Inhibitor | Taber's Medical Dictionary (nursing.unboundmedicine.com)
Find Publications - Oregon Health & Science University
Find Publications - Oregon Health & Science University (ohsu.pure.elsevier.com)
Publikationen
Publikationen (landw.uni-halle.de)
Loss of virulence in Ustilago maydis by Umchs6 gene disruption
Loss of virulence in Ustilago maydis by Umchs6 gene disruption (repositori.udl.cat)
Improving Cranberry Pollination | Plant Disease Diagnostics Clinic
Improving Cranberry Pollination | Plant Disease Diagnostics Clinic (pddc.dev.webhosting.cals.wisc.edu)
David gegen Goliath - - Entwicklung neuer antifungaler Wirkstoffe und Strategien
David gegen Goliath - - Entwicklung neuer antifungaler Wirkstoffe und Strategien (q-more.chemie.de)
Scientific Publications | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Scientific Publications | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (mpg.de)
YRC Public Data Repository - Protein Overview - CHS1 / YNL192W
YRC Public Data Repository - Protein Overview - CHS1 / YNL192W (yeastrc.org)
Fungal Infections in Preterm Infants: Introduction, Pathogenesis, Risk Factors
Fungal Infections in Preterm Infants: Introduction, Pathogenesis, Risk Factors (emedicine.medscape.com)
MeSH Browser
MeSH Browser (meshb.nlm.nih.gov)
Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas - Technological information
Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas - Technological information (oepm.es)
World Journal of Gastroenterology - Baishideng Publishing Group
World Journal of Gastroenterology - Baishideng Publishing Group (wjgnet.com)
Triflumuron Effects on the Physiology and Reproduction of Rhodnius prolixus Adult Females
Triflumuron Effects on the Physiology and Reproduction of Rhodnius prolixus Adult Females (hindawi.com)
Extracellular vesicles Archives - Particle Metrix
Extracellular vesicles Archives - Particle Metrix (particle-metrix.com)
Midwest Fish & Wildlife Conference 2019: Full Schedule
Midwest Fish & Wildlife Conference 2019: Full Schedule (midwestfishwildlifeconferen2019.sched.com)
Quantification of Chitinase Activity in Fusarium oxysporum -BIO-PROTOCOL
Quantification of Chitinase Activity in Fusarium oxysporum -BIO-PROTOCOL (bio-protocol.org)