Chitin

Chitin Synthase

Chitinase

Mucor

Cell Wall

Chitosan

Acetylglucosamine

Diflubenzuron

Exophiala

Glucans

Alteromonas

Glucosyltransferases

Fungal Proteins

Molecular Sequence Data

Pyrimidine Nucleosides

Amidohydrolases

Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing)

Chitin

Chitin: I

Chitin (disambiguation)

Chitin synthase

Chitin deacetylase

Chitin-glucan complex

Chitin disaccharide deacetylase

Chitinase

Graham Gooday

Exoskeleton

Penicillium oxalicum

Glycoside hydrolase family 18

Aplacophora

Glycogen

Adesmata

Natural fiber

Guano

Deefgea

Acellular dermis

Isoptericola jiangsuensis

Carl Schmidt (chemist)

Glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase

N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase

Exomer

Fungus

Butyrivibrio

Orenia chitinitropha

Epicoccum nigrum

Codling moth

Jewel scarab

Chitosan17

• Total syntheses of chitin and chitosan oligosaccharides based on conventional chemical glycosylation of protected monosaccharides as building blocks have already been reported. (beilstein-journals.org)
• These results demonstrate that alkali- or acid-treated β-chitin retained high susceptibility toward solvents, which in turn resulted in good biological activity of β-chitosan for use as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial substance or application as edible coatings and films for various food applications. (oregonstate.edu)
• Henn (Pgt),as well as chitin oligosaccharides, chitosan, and methyl jasmonate (MJ) stimulated lipoxygenase (LOX) activity (E.C. 1.13.11.12) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves. (usda.gov)
• Chitosan samples with high molecular weight shown the more thermal stability, and chitin showed the highest thermal stability. (bvsalud.org)
• Industrial-grade chitosan_Weifang Kehai chitin Co. Ltd. (sdkehai.cn)
• Chitosan is the product of chitin de-N-acetyl. (sdkehai.cn)
• The preparation and characterization of chitin and chitosan under large-scale submerged fermentation level using shrimp by-products as substrate. (oregonstate.edu)
• The crustacean shells of crabs and shrimps produces quantities of by-products, leading to seriously environmental pollution and human health problems during industrial processing, yet they turned into high-value useful products, such as chitin and chitosan. (oregonstate.edu)
• To prepare them under large-scale submerged fermentation level, shrimp shell powders (SSPs) was fermented by successive three-step fermentation of Serratia marcescens B742, Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and Rhizopus japonicus M193 to extract chitin and chitosan based on previously optimal conditions. (oregonstate.edu)
• The results showed that the yield of prepared chitin and chitosan reached 21.35 and 13.11% with the recovery rate of 74.67 and 63.42%, respectively. (oregonstate.edu)
• The obtained chitin and chitosan was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. (oregonstate.edu)
• The established microbial fermentation method can be applied for the industrial large-scale production of chitin and chitosan, while the use of chemical reagents was significantly reduced. (oregonstate.edu)
• Chitosan is a cationic carbohydrate polymer derived from chitin. (nih.gov)
• Chitosan is a modified natural carbohydrate polymer derived from chitin, which occurs principally in animals of the phylum Arthropoda. (nih.gov)
• Although chitin is insoluble in most solvents, the properties of chitosan relate to its polyelectrolyte and polymeric carbohydrate character. (nih.gov)
• Chitosan could be defined as chitin sufficiently deacetylated to form soluble amine salts. (nih.gov)
• Production and Producers: Chitin and chitosan are commercially manufactured by a chemical method. (nih.gov)

Soluble1

• We established a model of chitin-dependent sensitization to soluble Aspergillus antigens to test the contribution of complement to these events. (nih.gov)

Deacetylases1

• This project investigates chitin synthases and chitin deacetylases and their role in mycoparasitism as well as vegetative growth. (mycologytyrol.org)

Cuticle3

• A combination of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and FTIR revealed extensive chemical changes after just 2 weeks that resulted in a cuticle composition dominated by chitin. (usgs.gov)
• Earlier reports have established that chitin isolates from each body part of an insect cuticle can exhibit diverse physicochemical properties. (vtt.fi)
• It has long been hypothesized that the helicoidal arrangement of chitin fibers in the arthropod cuticle results from the solidification of a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase. (tu-dresden.de)

Exoskeleton2

• This skeletal material (chitin) is present outside the organism as a protective layer and this makes it an exoskeleton. (com.ng)
• The image below shows some insects in possession of chitin (which is a component of an exoskeleton). (com.ng)

Oligosaccharides1

• Chitin oligosaccharides are partial structures of chitin, which is an abundant β-1,4-linked polysaccharide composed of N -acetylglucosamine as repeating unit ( Figure 1 ) [1] . (beilstein-journals.org)

Cholera2

• Chitin, cholera, and competence. (nih.gov)
• Cholera bacteria colonizing chitin surfaces, like those present on aquatic crustaceans, were able to exchange complete sets of the DNA that determined the virulence of the bacteria. (nih.gov)

Glucan1

• Coccidioides immitis dimorphism involves the construction and rupture of the spherule, or tissue form, for which chitin and glucan synthetases and hydrolases are key enzymes. (cdc.gov)

Lectin2

• 19. A chitin-binding lectin from stinging nettle rhizomes with antifungal properties. (nih.gov)
• CHI3L1, also known as chitinase, a secreted protein, is a carbohydrate-binding lectin with a preference for chitin. (nih.gov)

Deacetylation2

• β-Chitin was more susceptible to alkali deacetylation than was α-chitin, and required a lower concentration of NaOH and shorter reaction time. (oregonstate.edu)
• In fact, chitin with an N-deacetylation degree of over 55% will dissolve in this dilute acid. (sdkehai.cn)

Induces2

• Exposure to chitin, a structural polysaccharide of the fungal cell wall, induces innate allergic inflammation and may promote sensitization to fungal allergens. (nih.gov)
• 2. Methyl jasmonate induces expression of a novel Brassica juncea chitinase with two chitin-binding domains. (nih.gov)

Structural3

• There is no evidence of structural degradation of chitin prior to 8 weeks when FTIR revealed a reduction in chitin-specific bands. (usgs.gov)
• Alkali- or acid-induced structural modifications in β-chitin from squid (Dosidicus gigas, d'Orbigny, 1835) pens and their moisture absorption ability (MAA) and deacetylating reaction were investigated and compared with α-chitin from shrimp shells. (oregonstate.edu)
• Chitin is a structural polysaccharide composed of repeating units of modified glucose molecules. (com.ng)

Insoluble1

• Chitin, whatever N-acetyl is below 50%, is definitely insoluble Dilute acid at the above concentration. (sdkehai.cn)

Innate3

• Complement component 3C3 and C3a receptor are required in chitin-dependent allergic sensitization to Aspergillus fumigatus but dispensable in chitin-induced innate allergic inflammation. (nih.gov)
• In contrast, complement-deficient mice were not protected against chitin-induced innate allergic inflammation. (nih.gov)
• Furthermore, clustering analysis of the inflammatory cytokines revealed a similarity of NCF to the carbon nanofibers response and CNC to the chitin, a known immune modulator and innate cell activator. (cdc.gov)

Characterization1

• Pyrolysis of chitin biomass: TG-MS analysis and solid char residue characterization. (bvsalud.org)

Thermal stability1

• The most remarkable variations in the chitin isolates from female and male body parts were recorded in chitin content, crystallinity, thermal stability, and surface morphology. (vtt.fi)

Composition1

• The molecular architecture of fungal walls remains elusive because of difficulty in correlating chemical composition with the ultrastructural layers and uncertainty concerning the linkages connecting major cell wall polymers: glucans, mannan, and chitin. (cdc.gov)

Abundant1

• We showed that V. cholerae can acquire new genetic material by natural transformation during growth on chitin, a biopolymer that is abundant in aquatic habitats (e.g., from crustacean exoskeletons), where it lives as an autochthonous microbe. (nih.gov)

Crustaceans2

• However, with regards to insects (e.g cockroach) and crustaceans (e.g crab), their skeleton is composed of a special material called chitin. (com.ng)
• Therefore, chitin makes up the skeletal material in insects and crustaceans (anthropods). (com.ng)

Arthropod2

• Arthropod cuticles consist predominantly of chitin cross-linked with proteins. (usgs.gov)
• The rapid rate of decay in the experiments suggests that where chitin and protein are preserved in fossil cuticles degradation must have been inhibited.Arthropod cuticles consist predominantly of chitin cross-linked with proteins. (usgs.gov)

Insect1

• But it is still unknown if the gender of the insect can influence characteristics of chitin isolates from different body parts. (vtt.fi)

Roles1

• 12. A new type of plant chitinase containing LysM domains from a fern (Pteris ryukyuensis): roles of LysM domains in chitin binding and antifungal activity. (nih.gov)

Protein4

• Transformation competence was found to require a type IV pilus assembly complex, a putative DNA binding protein, and three convergent regulatory cascades, which are activated by chitin, increasing cell density, and nutrient limitation, a decline in growth rate, or stress. (nih.gov)
• While there is some experimental evidence that this chitin-protein complex may resist decay, the chemical changes that occur during degradation have not been investigated in detail. (usgs.gov)
• To check this hypothesis, the chitin samples from female and male were interacted with bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein and important variations were observed. (vtt.fi)
• We have recently shown that this organization is the result of chitin-protein co-assembly and that the epidermal cells are cable of overriding this tendency and guide the alignment of parallel fibers similar to an aligned nematic phase. (tu-dresden.de)

Functional1

• 9. Functional analyses of the chitin-binding domains and the catalytic domain of Brassica juncea chitinase BjCHI1. (nih.gov)

Structures1

• The thermal degradation of chitin biomass with various molecular structures was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and the gaseous products were analyzed by connected mass spectroscopy (MS). The chemical structure and morphology of char residues collected at 750°C using the model substrates GlcNH2 and GlcNAc, were characterized systematically. (bvsalud.org)

Treatment2

• β-Chitin was converted into the α-form after 3h in 40% NaOH or 1-3 h in 40% HCl solution, and α-chitin obtained from NaOH treatment had higher MAA than had native α-chitin, due to polymorphic destructions. (oregonstate.edu)
• The resulting product is neutralized and calcium is removed by treatment with an aqueous 3-5 percent HCl solution at room temperature to afford a white or slightly pink precipitate of chitin. (nih.gov)

Cell1

• In his first experiment working at NIH, he discovered chitin synthetase, a crucial component of the yeast cell wall. (nih.gov)

Found2

• Chitin is a skeletal material found in insects and anthropods. (com.ng)
• Here, we found that coincubation of chitin with serum or intratracheal administration of chitin in mice resulted in the generation of C3a. (nih.gov)

Groups1

• Chitin may have N-acetyl groups on every glycosyl group, and may not all have N-acetyl groups. (sdkehai.cn)

Environment1

• In order for organisms (with chitin as skeletal material) to grow, they must shed or put off their chitin to the environment. (com.ng)

Tool1

• I've written a tool called `chitin` that tries to keep me, and bioinformatics more organised. (samnicholls.net)

Loss1

• Quantitative analysis of amino acids (by HPLC) and chitin showed that the major loss of proteins and chitin occurred between weeks 1 and 2. (usgs.gov)

High1

• Numerous studies have stated that Chitin can be toxic to the human body and also eating bugs has a high chance of introducing parasites into the human body that should NOT be there. (librti.com)

Important1

• Why is chitin important? (smartmeterharm.org)

Growth1

• After their growth, these organisms will regenerate a new chitin. (com.ng)