Chemotactic factors eosinophil. Medical search

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

Chemical substances that attract or repel cells. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, microbial invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract LEUKOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; or other cells to the site of infection or insult.

Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ECF-A, released mainly by mast cells.

The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.

A 66-kDa peroxidase found in EOSINOPHIL granules. Eosinophil peroxidase is a cationic protein with a pI of 10.8 and is comprised of a heavy chain subunit and a light chain subunit. It possesses cytotoxic activity towards BACTERIA and other organisms, which is attributed to its peroxidase activity.

C5 plays a central role in both the classical and the alternative pathway of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. C5 is cleaved by C5 CONVERTASE into COMPLEMENT C5A and COMPLEMENT C5B. The smaller fragment C5a is an ANAPHYLATOXIN and mediator of inflammatory process. The major fragment C5b binds to the membrane initiating the spontaneous assembly of the late complement components, C5-C9, into the MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX.

Proteins found in EOSINOPHIL granules. They are primarily basic proteins that play a role in host defense and the proinflammatory actions of activated eosinophils.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.

Effective in the initiation of protein synthesis. The initiating methionine residue enters the ribosome as N-formylmethionyl tRNA. This process occurs in Escherichia coli and other bacteria as well as in the mitochondria of eucaryotic cells.

A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.

Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.

The minor fragment formed when C5 convertase cleaves C5 into C5a and COMPLEMENT C5B. C5a is a 74-amino-acid glycopeptide with a carboxy-terminal ARGININE that is crucial for its spasmogenic activity. Of all the complement-derived anaphylatoxins, C5a is the most potent in mediating immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE), smooth MUSCLE CONTRACTION; HISTAMINE RELEASE; and migration of LEUKOCYTES to site of INFLAMMATION.

A cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of EOSINOPHILS. It also triggers activated B-LYMPHOCYTES to differentiate into IMMUNOGLOBULIN-secreting cells.

A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.

One of several basic proteins released from EOSINOPHIL cytoplasmic granules. Eosinophil cationic protein is a 21-kDa cytotoxic peptide with a pI of 10.9. Although eosinophil cationic protein is considered a member of the RNAse A superfamily of proteins, it has only limited RNAse activity.

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

One of several basic proteins released from EOSINOPHIL cytoplasmic granules. Eosinophil major basic protein is a 14-kDa cytotoxic peptide with a pI of 10.9. In addition to its direct cytotoxic effects, it stimulates the release of variety of INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS.

A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A 19-kDa cationic peptide found in EOSINOPHIL granules. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin is a RIBONUCLEASE and may play a role as an endogenous antiviral agent.

Group of chemokines without adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes only.

Serum peptides derived from certain cleaved COMPLEMENT PROTEINS during COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. They induce smooth MUSCLE CONTRACTION; mast cell HISTAMINE RELEASE; PLATELET AGGREGATION; and act as mediators of the local inflammatory process. The order of anaphylatoxin activity from the strongest to the weakest is C5a, C3a, C4a, and C5a des-arginine.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

Chemokines that are chemoattractants for monocytes. These CC chemokines (cysteines adjacent) number at least three including CHEMOKINE CCL2.

A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Serum glycoproteins participating in the host defense mechanism of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION that creates the COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX. Included are glycoproteins in the various pathways of complement activation (CLASSICAL COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; and LECTIN COMPLEMENT PATHWAY).

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds within RNA. EC 3.1.-.

A colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL11 and a variety of other CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; BASOPHILS; and MAST CELLS.

A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.

Exudates are fluids, CELLS, or other cellular substances that are slowly discharged from BLOOD VESSELS usually from inflamed tissues. Transudates are fluids that pass through a membrane or squeeze through tissue or into the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE of TISSUES. Transudates are thin and watery and contain few cells or PROTEINS.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.

A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.

Condensed areas of cellular material that may be bounded by a membrane.

Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.

An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. It has specificity for CCR2 RECEPTORS.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The process of losing secretory granules (SECRETORY VESICLES). This occurs, for example, in mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets when secretory products are released from the granules by EXOCYTOSIS.

Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. They can be divided into at least three structural branches: C; (CHEMOKINES, C); CC; (CHEMOKINES, CC); and CXC; (CHEMOKINES, CXC); according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Molecules on the surface of some B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that recognize and combine with the C3b, C3d, C1q, and C4b components of complement.

Group of chemokines with paired cysteines separated by a different amino acid. CXC chemokines are chemoattractants for neutrophils but not monocytes.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

The serous fluid of ASCITES, the accumulation of fluids in the PERITONEAL CAVITY.

An acidic glycoprotein of MW 23 kDa with internal disulfide bonds. The protein is produced in response to a number of inflammatory mediators by mesenchymal cells present in the hemopoietic environment and at peripheral sites of inflammation. GM-CSF is able to stimulate the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells and can stimulate the formation of eosinophil colonies from fetal liver progenitor cells. GM-CSF can also stimulate some functional activities in mature granulocytes and macrophages.

Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.

The study of the structure, behavior, growth, reproduction, and pathology of cells; and the function and chemistry of cellular components.

A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.

A family of G-protein-coupled receptors that was originally identified by its ability to bind N-formyl peptides such as N-FORMYLMETHIONINE LEUCYL-PHENYLALANINE. Since N-formyl peptides are found in MITOCHONDRIA and BACTERIA, this class of receptors is believed to play a role in mediating cellular responses to cellular damage and bacterial invasion. However, non-formylated peptide ligands have also been found for this receptor class.

Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

Electrophoresis applied to BLOOD PROTEINS.

One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated during the normal catalytic function of a number of enzymes and during the oxidation of hemoglobin to METHEMOGLOBIN. In living organisms, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE protects the cell from the deleterious effects of superoxides.

Soluble protein factors generated by activated lymphocytes that affect other cells, primarily those involved in cellular immunity.

A heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated organ system dysfunction, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. There is a massive increase in the number of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, mimicking leukemia, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration of the various organs.

A cytokine produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that stimulates the migration of CD4-POSITIVE LYMPHOCYTES and monocytes. It has been reported to suppress HIV replication.

The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

A dermal inflammatory reaction produced under conditions of antibody excess, when a second injection of antigen produces intravascular antigen-antibody complexes which bind complement, causing cell clumping, endothelial damage, and vascular necrosis.

A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.

The phenomenon by which dissociated cells intermixed in vitro tend to group themselves with cells of their own type.

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Antigen-type substances that produce immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).

Molecules found on the surface of some, but not all, B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, and macrophages, which recognize and combine with the Fc (crystallizable) portion of immunoglobulin molecules.

Serum globulins that migrate to the gamma region (most positively charged) upon ELECTROPHORESIS. At one time, gamma-globulins came to be used as a synonym for immunoglobulins since most immunoglobulins are gamma globulins and conversely most gamma globulins are immunoglobulins. But since some immunoglobulins exhibit an alpha or beta electrophoretic mobility, that usage is in decline.

A CXC chemokine with specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS. It has growth factor activities and is implicated as a oncogenic factor in several tumor types.

The process in which the neutrophil is stimulated by diverse substances, resulting in degranulation and/or generation of reactive oxygen products, and culminating in the destruction of invading pathogens. The stimulatory substances, including opsonized particles, immune complexes, and chemotactic factors, bind to specific cell-surface receptors on the neutrophil.

Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated LEUKOCYTES or MACROPHAGES. Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms.

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

Any inflammation of the skin.

An increased reactivity to specific antigens mediated not by antibodies but by cells.

Virus diseases caused by the TOGAVIRIDAE.

A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

The decrease in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.

Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.

Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

An adhesion-promoting leukocyte surface membrane heterodimer. The alpha subunit consists of the CD11b ANTIGEN and the beta subunit the CD18 ANTIGEN. The antigen, which is an integrin, functions both as a receptor for complement 3 and in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesive interactions.

An immunoglobulin associated with MAST CELLS. Overexpression has been associated with allergic hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

A membrane or barrier with micrometer sized pores used for separation purification processes.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A specific immune response elicited by a specific dose of an immunologically active substance or cell in an organism, tissue, or cell.

Preparations made from animal tissues or organs (ANIMAL STRUCTURES). They usually contain many components, any one of which may be pharmacologically or physiologically active. Tissue extracts may contain specific, but uncharacterized factors or proteins with specific actions.

Techniques used for determining the values of photometric parameters of light resulting from LUMINESCENCE.

Cell surface molecules on cells of the immune system that specifically bind surface molecules or messenger molecules and trigger changes in the behavior of cells. Although these receptors were first identified in the immune system, many have important functions elsewhere.

A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.

The engulfing and degradation of microorganisms; other cells that are dead, dying, or pathogenic; and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES).

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Soluble mediators of the immune response that are neither antibodies nor complement. They are produced largely, but not exclusively, by monocytes and macrophages.

Molecular sites on or in some B-lymphocytes and macrophages that recognize and combine with COMPLEMENT C3B. The primary structure of these receptors reveal that they contain transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, with their extracellular portion composed entirely of thirty short consensus repeats each having 60 to 70 amino acids.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Granular leukocytes characterized by a relatively pale-staining, lobate nucleus and cytoplasm containing coarse dark-staining granules of variable size and stainable by basic dyes.

A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The science and application of a double-beam transmission interference microscope in which the illuminating light beam is split into two paths. One beam passes through the specimen while the other beam reflects off a reference mirror before joining and interfering with the other. The observed optical path difference between the two beams can be measured and used to discriminate minute differences in thickness and refraction of non-stained transparent specimens, such as living cells in culture.

Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.

Soluble factors which stimulate growth-related activities of leukocytes as well as other cell types. They enhance cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA synthesis, secretion of other biologically active molecules and responses to immune and inflammatory stimuli.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.

Cell surface receptors that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-5. They are heterodimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-5 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT and the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR COMMON BETA SUBUNIT. Signaling from interleukin-5 receptors can occur through interaction of their cytoplasmic domains with SYNTENINS.

A hemeprotein from leukocytes. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to a hereditary disorder coupled with disseminated moniliasis. It catalyzes the conversion of a donor and peroxide to an oxidized donor and water. EC 1.11.1.7.

A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.

INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic CHEST PAIN.

Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES; and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

Heparin-binding proteins that exhibit a number of inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. Originally identified as secretory products of MACROPHAGES, these chemokines are produced by a variety of cell types including NEUTROPHILS; FIBROBLASTS; and EPITHELIAL CELLS. They likely play a significant role in respiratory tract defenses.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.

A subclass of EXOPEPTIDASES that act on the free N terminus end of a polypeptide liberating a single amino acid residue. EC 3.4.11.

A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.

An oxidative decarboxylation process that converts GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE to D-ribose-5-phosphate via 6-phosphogluconate. The pentose product is used in the biosynthesis of NUCLEIC ACIDS. The generated energy is stored in the form of NADPH. This pathway is prominent in tissues which are active in the synthesis of FATTY ACIDS and STEROIDS.

The diffusion or accumulation of neutrophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These cytokines influence B-cell development and antibody production as well as augmenting humoral responses.

Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

A low affinity interleukin-5 receptor subunit that combines with the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR COMMON BETA SUBUNIT to form a high affinity receptor for INTERLEUKIN-5. Several isoforms of the interleukin-5 receptor alpha subunit exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

An integrin alpha subunit that is unique in that it does not contain an I domain, and its proteolytic cleavage site is near the middle of the extracellular portion of the polypeptide rather than close to the membrane as in other integrin alpha subunits.

One of the virulence factors produced by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS. It is a multimeric protein composed of five subunits S1 - S5. S1 contains mono ADPribose transferase activity.

A multilineage cell growth factor secreted by LYMPHOCYTES; EPITHELIAL CELLS; and ASTROCYTES which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells.

A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.

A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A CC-type chemokine that is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS; MONOCYTES; and LYMPHOCYTES. It is a potent and selective eosinophil chemotaxin that is stored in and released from PLATELETS and activated T-LYMPHOCYTES. Chemokine CCL5 is specific for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR3 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS. The acronym RANTES refers to Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted.

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a single fatty acid ester bond in lysoglycerophosphatidates with the formation of glyceryl phosphatidates and a fatty acid. EC 3.1.1.5.

Techniques for removal by adsorption and subsequent elution of a specific antibody or antigen using an immunosorbent containing the homologous antigen or antibody.

Organic compounds that contain two nitro groups attached to a phenol.

Glycoproteins which contain sialic acid as one of their carbohydrates. They are often found on or in the cell or tissue membranes and participate in a variety of biological activities.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability.

Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.

A protease of broad specificity, obtained from dried pancreas. Molecular weight is approximately 25,000. The enzyme breaks down elastin, the specific protein of elastic fibers, and digests other proteins such as fibrin, hemoglobin, and albumin. EC 3.4.21.36.

A glycoprotein that is central in both the classical and the alternative pathway of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. C3 can be cleaved into COMPLEMENT C3A and COMPLEMENT C3B, spontaneously at low level or by C3 CONVERTASE at high level. The smaller fragment C3a is an ANAPHYLATOXIN and mediator of local inflammatory process. The larger fragment C3b binds with C3 convertase to form C5 convertase.

A group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine. The ring structure is characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids such as papaverine. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.

A set of BACTERIAL ADHESINS and TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL produced by BORDETELLA organisms that determine the pathogenesis of BORDETELLA INFECTIONS, such as WHOOPING COUGH. They include filamentous hemagglutinin; FIMBRIAE PROTEINS; pertactin; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; ADENYLATE CYCLASE TOXIN; dermonecrotic toxin; tracheal cytotoxin; Bordetella LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; and tracheal colonization factor.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A soluble factor produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that induces the expression of MHC CLASS II GENES and FC RECEPTORS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and causes their proliferation and differentiation. It also acts on T-lymphocytes, MAST CELLS, and several other hematopoietic lineage cells.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

Tests involving inhalation of allergens (nebulized or in dust form), nebulized pharmacologically active solutions (e.g., histamine, methacholine), or control solutions, followed by assessment of respiratory function. These tests are used in the diagnosis of asthma.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

A species of trematode blood flukes of the family Schistosomatidae. It is common in the Nile delta. The intermediate host is the planorbid snail. This parasite causes schistosomiasis mansoni and intestinal bilharziasis.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

A group of LEUKOTRIENES; (LTC4; LTD4; and LTE4) that is the major mediator of BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; HYPERSENSITIVITY; and other allergic reactions. Earlier studies described a "slow-reacting substance of ANAPHYLAXIS" released from lung by cobra venom or after anaphylactic shock. The relationship between SRS-A leukotrienes was established by UV which showed the presence of the conjugated triene. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

Integrin alpha4beta1 is a FIBRONECTIN and VCAM-1 receptor present on LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; NK CELLS and thymocytes. It is involved in both cell-cell and cell- EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX adhesion and plays a role in INFLAMMATION, hematopoietic cell homing and immune function, and has been implicated in skeletal MYOGENESIS; NEURAL CREST migration and proliferation, lymphocyte maturation and morphogenesis of the PLACENTA and HEART.

A cytokine synthesized by T-LYMPHOCYTES that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-LYMPHOCYTES. It appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses.

The sequential activation of serum COMPLEMENT PROTEINS to create the COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX. Factors initiating complement activation include ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES, microbial ANTIGENS, or cell surface POLYSACCHARIDES.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

Selective eosinophil transendothelial migration triggered by eotaxin via modulation of Mac-1/ICAM-1 and VLA-4/VCAM-1 interactions. (1/152)

We have recently cloned eotaxin, a highly efficacious eosinophilic chemokine involved in the development of lung eosinophilia during allergic inflammatory reactions. To understand more precisely how eotaxin facilitates the specific migration of eosinophils, we have studied which adhesion receptors are essential for eotaxin action both in vivo and in vitro. Experiments using mice genetically deficient in adhesion receptors demonstrated that molecules previously reported to be involved in both leukocyte tethering/rolling (P-selectin and E-selectin) and in sticking/ transmigration (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) are required for eotaxin action in vivo. To further elucidate the mechanism(s) involved in this process, we have used an in vitro transendothelial chemotaxis model. mAb neutralization studies performed in this system suggest that the integrins Mac-1 (CD11b/18), VLA-4 (alpha4beta1) and LFA-1 (CD11a/18) are involved in the transendothelial chemotaxis of eosinophils to eotaxin. Accordingly, the expression of these integrins on eosinophils is elevated by direct action of this chemokine in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, our results suggest that eotaxin-induced eosinophil transendothelial migration in vivo and in vitro relies on Mac-1/ICAM-1 and VLA-4NCAM-1 interactions, the latter ones becoming more relevant at later time points of the eotaxin-induced recruitment process. (+info)

Eotaxin contributes to renal interstitial eosinophilia. (2/152)

BACKGROUND: A potent eosinophil chemotactic cytokine, human eotaxin, is directly chemotactic for eosinophils. Therefore, the specific expression of eotaxin in tissue might play a crucial role in tissue eosinophilia. However, the precise molecular mechanism of the recruitment and activation of eosinophils in human renal diseases remains to be investigated. We evaluated the role of eotaxin in the pathogenesis of human diffuse interstitial nephritis with marked infiltration of eosinophils. METHODS: In this study, we examined 20 healthy volunteers. 56 patients with primary or secondary glomerular diseases and two hypereosinophilic syndrome patients without renal involvement. Urinary and serum eotaxin levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also detected the presence of eotaxin protein immunohistochemically. RESULTS: On the one hand, urinary levels of eotaxin were significantly higher before the initiation of glucocorticoid administration in the patient with interstitial nephritis with marked infiltration of eosinophils. On the other hand, urinary eotaxin levels were not detected in any patients with nephrotic syndrome, interstitial nephritis without eosinophils, hypereosinophilic syndrome without renal involvement or other renal diseases. Serum eotaxin levels were not detected in any of the patients. Therefore, the detection of eotaxin in the urine was specific for renal interstitial eosinophilia. Moreover, endothelial cells, infiltrating mononuclear cells and renal epithelial cells in the tubulointerstitial lesions were immunostained with specific anti-eotaxin antibodies. Furthermore, the elevated urinary levels of eotaxin decreased dramatically during glucocorticoid-induced convalescence. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesize that in situ expression of eotaxin may provide a new mechanism to explain the renal interstitial eosinophil infiltration. (+info)

Differential chemokine expression in tissues involved by Hodgkin's disease: direct correlation of eotaxin expression and tissue eosinophilia. (3/152)

Hodgkin's disease (HD) is a lymphoid malignancy characterized by infrequent malignant cells surrounded by abundant inflammatory cells. In this study, we examined the potential contribution of chemokines to inflammatory cell recruitment in different subtypes of HD. Chemokines are small proteins that are active as chemoattractants and regulators of cell activation. We found that HD tissues generally express higher levels of interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), Mig, RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and eotaxin, but not macrophage-derived chemotactic factor (MDC), than tissues from lymphoid hyperplasia (LH). Within HD subtypes, expression of IP-10 and Mig was highest in the mixed cellularity (MC) subtype, whereas expression of eotaxin and MDC was highest in the nodular sclerosis (NS) subtype. A significant direct correlation was detected between evidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in the neoplastic cells and levels of expression of IP-10, RANTES, and MIP-1alpha. Levels of eotaxin expression correlated directly with the extent of tissue eosinophilia. By immunohistochemistry, IP-10, Mig, and eotaxin proteins localized in the malignant Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells and their variants, and to some surrounding inflammatory cells. Eotaxin was also detected in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells of vessels. These results provide evidence of high level chemokine expression in HD tissues and suggest that chemokines may play an important role in the recruitment of inflammatory cell infiltrates into tissues involved by HD. (+info)

Eotaxin activates T cells to chemotaxis and adhesion only if induced to express CCR3 by IL-2 together with IL-4. (4/152)

The transmigration and adherence of T lymphocytes through microvascular endothelium are essential events for their recruitment into inflammatory sites. In the present study, we investigated the expression of CC chemokine receptor CCR3 on T lymphocytes and the capacities of the CC chemokine eotaxin to induce chemotaxis and adhesion in T lymphocytes. We have observed a novel phenomenon that IL-2 and IL-4 induce the expression of CCR3 on T lymphocytes. We also report that CC chemokine eotaxin is a potent chemoattractant for IL-2- and IL-4-stimulated T lymphocytes, but not for freshly isolated T lymphocytes. Eotaxin attracts T lymphocytes via CCR3, documented by the fact that anti-CCR3 mAb blocks eotaxin-mediated T lymphocyte chemotaxis. In combination with IL-2 and IL-4, eotaxin enhances the expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 and several integrins (CD29, CD49a, and CD49b) on T lymphocytes and thus promotes adhesion and aggregation of T lymphocytes. The eotaxin-induced T lymphocyte adhesion could be selectively blocked by a specific cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, H-89, indicating that eotaxin activates T lymphocytes via a special cAMP-signaling pathway. Our new findings all point toward the fact that eotaxin, in association with the Th1-derived cytokine IL-2 and the Th2-derived cytokine IL-4, is an important T lymphocyte activator, stimulating the directional migration, adhesion, accumulation, and recruitment of T lymphocytes, and paralleled the accumulation of eosinophils and basophils during the process of certain types of inflammation such as allergy. (+info)

CD26/dipeptidyl-peptidase IV down-regulates the eosinophil chemotactic potency, but not the anti-HIV activity of human eotaxin by affecting its interaction with CC chemokine receptor 3. (5/152)

Chemokines attract and activate distinct sets of leukocytes. The CC chemokine eotaxin has been characterized as an important mediator in allergic reactions because it selectively attracts eosinophils, Th2 lymphocytes, and basophils. Human eotaxin has a penultimate proline, indicating that it might be a substrate for dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (CD26/DPP IV). In this study we demonstrate that eotaxin is efficiently cleaved by CD26/DPP IV and that the NH2-terminal truncation affects its biological activity. CD26/DPP IV-truncated eotaxin(3-74) showed reduced chemotactic activity for eosinophils and impaired binding and signaling properties through the CC chemokine receptor 3. Moreover, eotaxin(3-74) desensitized calcium signaling and inhibited chemotaxis toward intact eotaxin. In addition, HIV-2 infection of CC chemokine receptor 3-transfected cells was inhibited to a similar extent by eotaxin and eotaxin(3-74). Thus, CD26/DPP IV differently regulates the chemotactic and antiviral potencies of eotaxin by the removal of two NH2-terminal residues. This physiological processing may be an important down-regulatory mechanism, limiting eotaxin-mediated inflammatory responses. (+info)

Immunomodulatory role of C10 chemokine in a murine model of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. (6/152)

The immunomodulatory role of the chemokine C10 was explored in allergic airway responses during experimental allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). The intratracheal delivery of Asperigillus fumigatus Ag into A. fumigatus-sensitized mice resulted in significantly increased levels of C10 within the bronchoalveolar lavage, and these levels peaked at 48 h after A. fumigatus challenge. In addition, C10 levels in BAL samples were greater than 5-fold higher than levels of other chemokines such as monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1, eotaxin, and macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha. From in vitro studies, it was evident that major pulmonary sources of C10 may have included alveolar macrophages, lung fibroblasts, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Experimental ABPA was associated with severe peribronchial eosinophilia, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and augmented IL-13 and IgE levels. The immunoneutralization of C10 with polyclonal anti-C10 antiserum 2 h before the intratracheal A. fumigatus challenge significantly reduced the airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in this model of ABPA, but had no effect on IL-10 nor IgE levels. Taken together, these data suggest that C10 has a unique role in the progression of experimental ABPA. (+info)

Human eotaxin induces eosinophil extravasation through rat mesenteric venules: role of alpha4 integrins and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. (7/152)

Eotaxin is a potent eosinophil-specific CC-chemokine, which has been shown to play a role in the selective induction of eosinophil accumulation in a number of allergic models of inflammation. Many aspects of the mechanism by which eotaxin induces eosinophil accumulation in vivo remain unresolved. In the present study, we investigated the direct effect of synthetic human eotaxin on leucocyte/endothelial cell interactions within rat mesenteric venules, as quantified by intravital microscopy. Topical eotaxin (30 pmol) induced rapid firm adhesion and extravasation of leucocytes within the rat mesentery, the extravasated leucocytes all being eosinophils, as determined by histological analysis. Whilst eotaxin was unable to stimulate the interaction of rat eosinophils with vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) under static conditions in vitro, eotaxin-induced responses in vivo were significantly suppressed by anti-alpha4 integrin and anti-VCAM-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The anti-alpha4 integrin mAb, HP2/1 (3.5 mg/kg), inhibited the eotaxin-induced firm adhesion and extravasation, 60 min postapplication of the chemokine, by 89% and 84%, respectively. In the same set of experiments, the anti-VCAM-1 mAb, 5F10 (3.5 mg/kg), inhibited leucocyte adhesion and extravasation by 61% and 63%, respectively. These results demonstrate that eotaxin-induced migration of eosinophils through rat mesenteric venules in vivo is dependent on an alpha4 integrin/VCAM-1 adhesion pathway, the significance of which may only be evident under flow conditions and/or following the ligation of other adhesion molecules expressed on eosinophils. (+info)

Human thymocytes express CCR-3 and are activated by eotaxin. (8/152)

Eotaxin has been characterized as a chemokine involved in eosinophil activation; however, mRNA for this C-C chemokine has been shown to be constitutively expressed in thymus. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a punctate distribution pattern, with eotaxin expression localized mainly in the medulla and in Hassle's corpuscles. Moreover, the receptor for eotaxin, CCR-3, was detected on thymocytes, with the highest level of expression being on the CD8 single-positive population. Equilibrium binding analyses on unfractionated thymocytes demonstrated specific 125I-eotaxin binding profiles comparable with CCR-3 transfectants. Eotaxin induced cell migration and mobilization of intracellular calcium in all thymocytes except the immature CD4(-)/CD8(-) population. Eotaxin also induced the secretion of the chemokines interleukin-8, RANTES, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta from thymocyte cultures in vitro. These results suggest that eotaxin-induced thymocyte activation may have important physiological implications for lymphocyte mobilization within and from this lymphoid organ. (+info)

... may refer to: Eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis, released from mast cell granules. Economic Cooperation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECFA

Monocytes: inhibit their migration response to chemotactic factors and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Lymphocytes: ... Mouse eosinophils metabolize DHA to a marisen-like product, 14S,20R-dihydroxy-4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,18Z-docosahexaenoic acid. This ... complement components C5a and C3a which are chemotactic factors formed during the activation of the host's blood complement ... foreign organism-derived N-formylated oligopeptide chemotactic factors (e.g. N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine); b) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialized_pro-resolving_mediators

Release into the Circulation of Histamine and Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor of Anaphylaxis during Cold Challenge". New England ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_urticaria

Mast cells degranulation also results in the release of eosinophil chemotactic factors and neutrophil chemotactic factors. ... chemotactic activity of the acidic tetrapeptides of eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis". Journal of Experimental ... These factors attract eosinophils and neutrophils from the body respectively, which can intensify the inflammation response. ... Examples of these factors include respiratory tract viral infections, exposure to air pollutants such as ozone or a change in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma_trigger

Part of this cell response is brought on by inflammatory mediators such as chemotactic factors. Other processes involved with ... Those who smoke additionally have cytotoxic T cell involvement and some people with COPD have eosinophil involvement similar to ... and host factors. Host factors include a genetic susceptibility, factors associated with poverty, aging and physical inactivity ... In Europe airway hyperresponsiveness is rated as the second most important risk factor after smoking. A host factor of an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease

Thus, chemotactic factor CCL7 recruits leukocytes to infected tissues to mediate the immune response. Furthermore, CCL7 has an ... CCL7 mainly acts as a chemoattractant for several leukocytes, including monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, dendritic cells (DCs ... Van Coillie E, Van Damme J, Opdenakker G (March 1999). "The MCP/eotaxin subfamily of CC chemokines". Cytokine & Growth Factor ... Opdenakker G, Froyen G, Fiten P, Proost P, Van Damme J (March 1993). "Human monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3): molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL7

Sehmi R, Cromwell O, Taylor GW, Kay AB (1991). "Identification of guinea pig eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydroxy-E,Z,E-PUFA

5-Oxo-ETE is a particularly potent chemotactic factor for and activator of eosinophils and may thereby contribute to eosinophil ... potent chemotactic factor, LTB4, and possibly also weaker chemotactic factor, 5S-HETE, which serve to attract and otherwise ... On the other hand, 5-oxo-ETrE is almost as potent as 5-oxo-ETE as an eosinophil chemotactic factor and may thereby contribute ... For example, chemotactic factors stimulate human neutrophils to raise cytosolic Ca2+ which triggers cPLA2s, particularly the α ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonate_5-lipoxygenase

... such as eosinophil chemotactic factor reactive oxygen species Histamine dilates post-capillary venules, activates the ... D2 leukotriene C4 platelet-activating factor cytokines TNF-α basic fibroblast growth factor interleukin-4 stem cell factor ... March 1984). "Interleukin 3: A differentiation and growth factor for the mouse mast cell that contains chondroitin sulfate E ... ISBN 978-0-321-20413-4. Prussin C, Metcalfe DD (February 2003). "4. IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils". The Journal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mast_cell

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 24 (CCL24) also known as myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 2 (MPIF-2) or eosinophil chemotactic ... CCL24 interacts with chemokine receptor CCR3 to induce chemotaxis in eosinophils. This chemokine is also strongly chemotactic ... for resting T lymphocytes and slightly chemotactic for neutrophils. Elevated levels of eotaxin-2 has been seen in patients with ... and functional characterization of a novel human CC chemokine that binds to the CCR3 receptor and activates human eosinophils ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL24

... including eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis, leukotriene B4 and serotonin mediated release of eosinophil granules ... eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin). These agents serve to orchestrate ... Eosinophils usually account for less than 7% of the circulating leukocytes. A marked increase in non-blood tissue eosinophil ... Elevations in blood eosinophil counts can be transient, sustained, recurrent, or cyclical. Eosinophil counts in human blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilia

It elicits chemotactic responses in eosinophils, basophils, and T helper cells of the Th2 subtype.[non-primary source needed][ ... Generation of a factor chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 128 (2): 259-75. ... The availability of this technology led to the discovery of C5a, a major chemotactic factor involved in acute inflammation. The ... This family of agonists stimulates chemotactic responses in human eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes by binding to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotaxis

Initially thought to be a second and low affinity receptor for the neutrophil tripeptide chemotactic factor, N-formyl-met-leu- ... eosinophil, mast cell, and various types of lymphocytes and accordingly are regarded primarily as contributing to the many ... 12-HHT stimulates chemotactic responses in mouse bone marrow mast cells, which naturally express BLT2 receptors, as well as in ... These findings suggest that the 12-HHT/BLT2 receptor pathway may support the pro-inflammatory (i.e. chemotactic) actions of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic_acid

... exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils. However, it does not attract neutrophils or eosinophils. ... "Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA for human monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF)". Biochemical and Biophysical ... Platelet derived growth factor is a major inducer of CCL2 gene. CCR2 and CCR4 are two cell surface receptors that bind CCL2. ... In the bone, CCL2 is expressed by mature osteoclasts and osteoblasts and it is under control of nuclear factor κB (NFκB). In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL2

DP2, is related to members of the chemotactic factor class of GPCRs, sharing an amino acid sequence identity of 29% with the ... eosinophils, basophils, and Th2 cells. DP2 activation also stimulates eosinophils and basophils to release the many pro- ... Ligand-induced activation of DP2 has similar activities in vivo it stimulates the accumulation on and activation of eosinophils ... eosinophils, a subpopulation of cytotoxic T cells (i.e. CD8+ T cells), thalamus, ovary, and spleen, and, in the central nervous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_DP2_receptor

The eotaxins are a CC chemokine subfamily of eosinophil chemotactic proteins. In humans, there are three family members: CCL11 ... Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 10 (1): 61-86. doi:10.1016/s1359-6101(99)00005-2. PMID 10379912. v t e (Protein families, All stub ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eotaxin

... to form a cluster which also includes the genes for another G protein-coupled chemotactic factor receptor, the C5a receptor ( ... FPL3 is expressed by circulating monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils but not neutrophils; tissue macrophages and dendritic ... Growth Factor Reviews. 17 (6): 501-19. doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2006.09.009. PMID 17084101. He HQ, Liao D, Wang ZG, Wang ZL, Zhou ... "Identification and characterization of an endogenous chemotactic ligand specific for FPRL2". The Journal of Experimental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formyl_peptide_receptor_3

M2 cells can also secrete angiogenic and chemotactic factors. These cells can be distinguished based on the different ... Other cells such as eosinophils and innate lymphoid cells type 2 (ILC2) can promote M2 polarization by cytokine secretion. IL-9 ... M2d are pro-angiogenic cells that secrete IL-10, TGF-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor and are induced by IL-6 and A2 ... November 2018). "Recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein drives regulatory macrophage polarization". Blood Advances. 2 (21): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_macrophages

The interactions of 5-oxo-ETE with these mediators of allergy (e.g. platelet-activating factor, interleukin 5) in eosinophils ... a key mediator in eosinophil activation) also increases their in vitro chemotactic response to 5-oxo-ETE. 5-Oxo-ETE also acts ... tumor necrosis factor α, or various nucleotides including ATP. Pretreament of eosinophils with interleukin 5 ( ... and production of mediators such as various arachidonic acid metabolites and platelet-activating factor in human eosinophils, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Oxo-eicosatetraenoic_acid

... this cluster also includes the genes for two other chemotactic factor receptors, the G protein-coupled C5a receptor (also ... Svensson L, Dahlgren C, Wennerås C (Oct 2002). "The chemoattractant Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met activates eosinophils through the ... Shen W, Proost P, Li B, Gong W, Le Y, Sargeant R, Murphy PM, Van Damme J, Wang JM (May 2000). "Activation of the chemotactic ... It is widely expressed by circulating blood neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes; lymphocyte T cells and B cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formyl_peptide_receptor_2

... is a G protein coupled receptor initially identified as a receptor for the leukocyte chemotactic factor, N-Formylmethionine- ... Powell WS, Chung D, Gravel S (1995). "5-Oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid is a potent stimulator of human eosinophil ... LXA4 and 15-epi-LTA4 also act by mobilizing transcription factors that regulate expression of various inflammation-regulating ... eosinophils, monocytes, Innate lymphoid cells, and/or macrophages, as well as suppress proliferation and production of IgM and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoxin

C3a is a neutrophil chemotactic factor which operates through a G protein coupled chemotactic factor receptor, the C3a receptor ... FPR1 is widely expressed by circulating blood neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and platelets; tissue-bound ... suggested that the N-formyl oligopeptides are important chemotatic factors and their receptors are important chemotactic factor ... is a neutrophil chemotactic factor that operates through receptors whose genes cluster with those for the three formyl peptide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formyl_peptide_receptor_1

One factor that was initially found to influence haptotaxis is serum spreading factor, which is present in blood serum and ... This actin regulatory protein binds to fibronectin receptors and aids in the haptotactic and chemotactic processes of tumor ... eosinophils and some T cells are influenced by RANTES chemokines. In the autoimmune disorder rheumatoid arthritis and in ... In nerve cells, axonal growth is mediated by nerve growth factor in a haptotactic manner, where the axon of nerve cells grows ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptotaxis

The "classic" triad of symptoms reported in early documented cases consisted of rash, joint pain, and increased eosinophils in ... There are a variety of known factors that can provoke the inflammatory process within the renal interstitium, including ... One study showed that monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (chemokine CCL-2) and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) ... However, a 2013 study showed that the sensitivity and specificity of urine eosinophil testing are 35.6% and 68% respectively. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_nephritis

It has chemotactic properties for monocytes and eosinophils and is expressed by macrophages, basophils and some tissue cells. ... Other macrophage inflammatory proteins include MIP-2, MIP-3 and MIP-5. MIP-1α and MIP-1β are major factors produced by ... Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIP) belong to the family of chemotactic cytokines known as chemokines. In humans, there are ... MIP-1 are best known for their chemotactic and proinflammatory effects but can also promote homeostasis. Biophysical analyses ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage_inflammatory_protein

It is chemotactic for T cells, eosinophils, and basophils, but also for monocytes, natural-killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells ... SP1 transcription factor binds near to CCL5 gene and mediates its constitutive mRNA transcription. The transcription factor is ... 3 and 5 affect their anti-HIV-1 activity and chemotactic potencies for neutrophils and eosinophils". European Journal of ... It is also an HIV-suppressive factor released from CD8+ T cells The chemokine CCL5 is mainly expressed by T-cells and monocytes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL5

Goetzl EJ, Gorman RR (Feb 1978). "Chemotactic and chemokinetic stimulation of human eosinophil and neutrophil polymorphonuclear ... Both receptor types bind and are activated by a series of formylated oligopeptide chemotactic factors but FLP2 receptor appears ... Kim H, Choi JA, Kim JH (Aug 2014). "Ras promotes transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition ... The high affinity BLT2 receptor agonist, 12-HHT, stimulates in vitro chemotactic responses in human neutrophils, suggesting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukotriene_B4_receptor_2

Expression of CXCL5 has also been observed in eosinophils, and can be inhibited with the type II interferon IFN-γ. This ... 1998). "Differential usage of the CXC chemokine receptors 1 and 2 by interleukin-8, granulocyte chemotactic protein-2 and ... 2001). "Localization of distal regulatory domains in the megakaryocyte-specific platelet basic protein/platelet factor 4 gene ... Luu NT, Rainger GE, Nash GB (2000). "Differential ability of exogenous chemotactic agents to disrupt transendothelial migration ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL5

Both cell types produce IFN-γ as their principle cytokine and require the transcription factor T-bet to do so. Both cells can ... The production of IL-5 by ILC2s in the lung leads to eosinophil recruitment, and other cell populations are known to interact ... NK cells express many cell-surface receptors that can be activating, inhibitory, adhesion, cytokine, or chemotactic. The ... It does this via reducing activity of E-box transcription factors (E2A, E2-2, and HEB), critical in B and T cell development. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_lymphoid_cell

The expression of VLA-4 in the plasma membrane is regulated by different growth factors or chemokines depending on the cell ... However, VLA-4 does not adhere to its appropriate ligands until the leukocytes are activated by chemotactic agents or other ... eosinophils, but not neutrophils. It functions to promote an inflammatory response by the immune system by assisting in the ... "Immunologic profiles of effector cells and peripheral blood stem cells mobilized with different hematopoietic growth factors". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLA-4

These cells include T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, epithelial cells and Paneth ... Growth Factor Reviews. 14 (2): 155-74. doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(03)00002-9. PMID 12651226. Rickel EA, Siegel LA, Yoon BR, Rottman ... which is the major chemotactic substance of neutrophils. Another important function of interleukin 25 is to support the Th2 ... "Interleukin-25 and eosinophils progenitor cell mobilization in allergic asthma". Clinical and Translational Allergy. 8: 5. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_25

... where they induce IFN production with the presence of a particular transcription factor and activate transcription factor 2. ... Upon activation, eosinophils secrete a range of highly toxic proteins and free radicals that are highly effective in killing ... or chemotactic cytokines into the environment. Histamine dilates blood vessels, causing the characteristic signs of ... Neutrophils, along with eosinophils and basophils, are known as granulocytes due to the presence of granules in their cytoplasm ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

Eosinophils also have kidney-shaped lobed nuclei (two to four lobes). The number of granules in an eosinophil can vary because ... There is usually a granulocyte chemotactic defect in individuals suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus. Research suggests ... platelet-activating factor, and other substances. When an infection occurs, mature basophils will be released from the bone ... Eosinophils play a crucial part in the killing of parasites (e.g., enteric nematodes) because their granules contain a unique, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocyte

Keratinocytes, mast cells, eosinophils and T-cells release pruritogens in the skin; leading to activation of Aδ fibers and ... Bao L, Shi VY, Chan LS (February 2013). "IL-4 up-regulates epidermal chemotactic, angiogenic, and pro-inflammatory genes and ... The cause of AD is not known, although some evidence indicates genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors. Low humidity, ... A loss-of-function mutation of filaggrin causes loss of this lipid matrix and external moisturizing factors, subsequently ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis

Neutrophils and eosinophils will contain hyposegmented nuclei (a pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly). A majority of patients with SGD ... Khanna-Gupta A, Sun H, Zibello T, Lee HM, Dahl R, Boxer LA, Berliner N (2007). "Growth factor independence-1 (Gfi-1) plays a ... Neutrophils will also display abnormal chemotaxis, such as a decreased response to fMLP, due to a lack of chemotactic receptors ... "Neutrophil-specific granule deficiency results from a novel mutation with loss of function of the transcription factor CCAAT/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrophil-specific_granule_deficiency

Farber JM (July 1990). "A macrophage mRNA selectively induced by gamma-interferon encodes a member of the platelet factor 4 ... "CXCR3 expression and activation of eosinophils: role of IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 and monokine induced by IFN-gamma". ... CXCL10 and CXCL11 all elicit their chemotactic functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CXCR3. CXCL9, -10, -11 have ... and acts as functional receptor for platelet factor 4". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 197 (11): 1537-49. doi:10.1084/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL9

... its production appears necessary for epidermal growth factor and tumor growth factor α to stimulate cultured BT-20 human breast ... While much further work is needed, these pre-clinical studies allow that 13(S)-HODE, made at least in part by eosinophils and ... Henricks, P. A; Engels, F; Van Der Vliet, H; Nijkamp, F. P (1991). "9- and 13-hydroxy-linoleic acid possess chemotactic ... Further studies suggest that 13(S)-HODE contributes to plaque formation by activating the transcription factor, PPARγ (13(R)- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid

The factors that dictate whether an infection triggers a Th1 or Th2 type response are not fully understood, but the response ... Spencer LA, Weller PF (2010). "Eosinophils and Th2 immunity: contemporary insights". Immunology and Cell Biology. 88 (3): 250- ... via chemotactic signals, to the T cell-enriched lymph nodes. During migration, dendritic cells undergo a process of maturation ... Over the last century, two important factors have been developed to combat their spread: sanitation and immunization. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_immune_system

"C3a and C5a Are Chemotactic Factors for Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Which Cause Prolonged ERK1/2 Phosphorylation". The ... and eosinophils, and regulation of cationic eosinophil protein migration, adhesion, and production. C3a is also able to play a ... that allows it to bind to a plasma protein called Factor B. This complex is then cleaved by Factor D, a serine protease, to ... Factor I, a serine protease activated by cofactors, can cleave and C3b and C4b, thus preventing convertase formation. C3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C3a_(complement)

Eosinophils: the migration of eosinophils into various tissues involved several chemokines of CC family: CCL11, CCL24, CCL26, ... Chemokines (from Ancient Greek χῠμείᾱ (khumeíā) 'alchemy', and κῑ́νησῐς (kī́nēsis) 'movement'), or chemotactic cytokines, are a ... Platelet factor-4 superfamily or intercrines. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an ... Chemokines CCL11 (eotaxin) and CCL5 (RANTES) acts through a specific receptor CCR3 on the surface of eosinophils, and eotaxin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine

2001). "The neuronal repellent Slit inhibits leukocyte chemotaxis induced by chemotactic factors". Nature. 410 (6831): 948-952 ... Other innate leukocytes include natural killer cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. ... The response is stimulated by chemical factors released by injured cells. These chemical factors induce all associated ... Other factors might also provide chemorepulsive effects on immune cells, and these inhibitory effects might be regulated by the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemorepulsion

The density of particles in the e-cigarette vapor is lower than in cigarette smoke by a factor of between 6 and 880 times lower ... Nicotine is correlated with lung inflammation in adults, which may be as a result of it chemotactic effects. Nicotine may have ... thus elevating infiltration of inflammatory cells including eosinophils into airways. A 2016 study found vaping using an e- ... A 2014 study suggested that e-cigarette use may be a risk factor for lung cancer. In several in vitro experiments, it has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes

Platelets release a multitude of growth factors including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a potent chemotactic agent, ... Granulocytes include basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, and mast cells. Agranulocytes include lymphocytes and monocytes. The ... insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), platelet-derived epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). ... Other healing-associated growth factors produced by platelets include basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_cell

As such, it is a potent stimulator of leukocytes, particularly eosinophils, as well as other OXE1-bearing cells including MDA- ... Synergism with monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and -3". Journal of Immunology. 157 (10): 4664-71. PMID 8906847. O'Flaherty, J. T ... the cysteines in transcription and transcription-related regulatory factors and enzymes to form their alkylated and thereby ... Powell, W. S.; Rokach, J (2013). "The eosinophil chemoattractant 5-oxo-ETE and the OXE receptor". Progress in Lipid Research. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid

"Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil" by people in this website by year, and whether "Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil" was a major ... "Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH ( ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil". ...

https://profiles.jefferson.edu/display/8291

Order Mouse ECF CCL11 Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor ELISA Kit 01016240794 at Gentaur ECF/CCL11 (Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor) ... Aplha, transcription related growth factors and stimulating factors or repressing nuclear factors are complex subunits of ... Complex subunit associated factors are involved in hybridoma growth, Eosinohils, eritroid proliferation and derived from ... Mouse ECF/CCL11 (Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor) ELISA Kit. Mouse ECF/CCL11 (Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor) ELISA Kit. ...

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Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor in Schistosome Eggs: A Comparative Study of Eosinophil Chemotactic Factors in the Eggs of ... Leukocyte Accumulation in Sparganosis: Demonstration of Eosinophil and Neutrophil Chemotactic Factors from the Plerocercoid of ... Detection of High Molecular Weight Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor in Murine Schistosomiasis Sera ... In Vitro and In Vivo Induction of Neutrophil and Eosinophil Chemotactic Responses by Schistosoma japonicum Cercaria ...

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ECFA may refer to: Eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis, released from mast cell granules. Economic Cooperation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECFA

Categories: Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...

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Eosinophil [nTPM] * GdT-cell [nTPM] * Intermediate monocyte [nTPM] * MAIT T-cell [nTPM] ...

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... accompanied by eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic factors and tryptase. A reduction of the alpha1-antichymotrypsin level, as ... Several factors, including an increased incidence in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), a marked sensitivity in some ... Other associated factors. The prevalence of cholinergic urticaria is definitely higher in persons with urticaria; cholinergic ...

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CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR-INDUCED ENHANCEMENT OF THE BINDING OF HUMAN-IMMUNOGLOBULIN CLASSES AND SUBCLASSES TO NEUTROPHILS AND ... EOSINOPHILS. KAY, A. B. & Walsh, G. M., 1984, In: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 57, 3, p. 729-734 6 p.. Research output ... HAUSDORFF DIMENSION AND UNIFORMITY FACTOR OF STRANGE ATTRACTORS. BADII, R. & POLITI, A., 1984, In: Physical Review Letters. 52 ...

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Elovic C, Wong D, Weller P. Expression of transforming growth factors a and b-1 mRNA and product by eosinophils in nasal polyps ... IL-8, which is a known chemotactic factor for neutrophils is also increased in nasal polyp tissue. Again, pro-inflammatory ... Ohno I Lea R, Finotto S. Dolovich J, Granulocyte/macropage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene expression by eosinophils in ... Eosinophils are an important source of TGF-b indicating that eosinophils may be instrumental in inducing the stromal fibrosis. ...

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It induces eosinophil synthesis and release of IL-8, an important chemotactic and activating factor for neutrophils and ... Addition of the eosinophil survival factor GM-CS partially reversed this effect and rescued CSE-exposed eosinophils from death ... As GM-CSF is the main survival factor of eosinophils the effect of CSE on GM-CSF-mediated eosinophil survival was also assessed ... Moreover, eosinophils are sources of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other factors involved in fibrogenesis and ...

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IL-5 as an eosinophil chemotactic factor. Yamaguchi, Y., Hayashi, Y., Sugama, Y., Miura, Y., Kasahara, T., Kitamura, S., Torisu ... Identification of a Platelet-aggregating Factor of Murine Colon Adenocarcinoma 26: Mr 44,000 Membrane Protein as Determined by ... Expression of atrial natriuretic factor gene in hearts from neonates of spontaneously hypertensive rats and stroke-prone ... Highly purified murine interleukin 5 (IL-5) stimulates eosinophil function and prolongs in vitro survival: ...

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... platelet-activating factor, and eosinophil chemotactic factor, resulting in an influx of eosinophils, neutrophils, and ... Various chemotactic factors, including chemokines, then recruit eosinophils to the site of allergen exposure. Thus, IgE- ... Mast-cell activation also lead to release of various chemotactic factors, such as leukotriene B4, ... The mucus typically contains eosinophils, Charcot-Leyden crystals (breakdown products of eosinophils), and hyphae of A ...

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... eosinophil-deficient mice exhibit normal airway responses in a murine model of allergic airways disease ... Role of eosinophil chemotactic factor by T lymphocytes on airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of allergic asthma. ... Risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients after coronary artery intervention Renovation of onsite domestic ... Dissociation of eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness; eosinophil-deficient mice exhibit normal airway responses in a ...

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... platelet activating factor (PAF) is a cell membrane derived polar lipid with intense biological activity; discovered in 1970s ... WBC PAF is chemotactic to neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. It stimulates neutrophils to aggregate, to stick to vascular ... The chemotactic action may be mediated through release of LTB4. It induces degranulation of eosinophils.. ... Platelet Activating Factor (PAF). , Home , , Pharmacology , Chapter: Essential pharmacology : Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes ( ...

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Studies on possible chemotactic factors involved in the formation of pustules. Br J Dermatol. 1986 Feb. 114(2):209-15. [QxMD ... 8] A selective migration of leukocyte factor antigen-1-positive eosinophils and lymphocytes to hair follicles may be explained ... Another theory is that eosinophilic chemotactic factors from skin surface lipids may be involved. [ ... 10] Activated eosinophils release major basic protein with subsequent tissue damage. In addition to degranulating eosinophils, ...

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Since LTB4 is also a chemotactic factor, it increases inflammation by attracting other immune cells to the inflammation site [5 ... Eosinophils-derived exosomes (EOXs). These cells produce exosomes that have autocrine effects on the eosinophils themselves. ... Exosomes from eosinophils autoregulate and promote eosinophil functions. J Leukoc Biol. 2017;101(5):1191-9. ... EOXs carries chemotactic factors such as S100A8, S100A9, EDN, and C3a that can influence the expression of some adhesion ...

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... resident mast cells are activated by antigens and in response release chemotactic factors such as Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor ... fibroblast growth factors (FGF), insulin like growth factors (IGFs) I and II, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), ... Mitogens (growth factors) that are stored in bone and liberated by osteoclast activity include platelet-derived growth factors ... The docking of a growth factor (mitogen) with the growth factor receptor results in its activation, which in turn results in ...

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Chemotactic Factors Medicine & Life Sciences 88% * Peritonitis Medicine & Life Sciences 81% * Monocytes Medicine & Life ... Eosinophils pre-store CCL6, but do not release CCL6 in the peritoneum in this model of inflammation. ... Eosinophils pre-store CCL6, but do not release CCL6 in the peritoneum in this model of inflammation.", ... Eosinophils pre-store CCL6, but do not release CCL6 in the peritoneum in this model of inflammation. ...

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... activity across human abdominal aortic aneurysms reveals neutrophil-derived leukotriene B4 as a major chemotactic factor ... decreased eosinophil cell number. PMID: 16177061 Ltb4r1tm1Tksh. Ltb4r1tm1Tksh/Ltb4r1tm1Tksh B6.CB-Ltb4r1. MGI:1309472 MP: ... impaired eosinophil recruitment. PMID: 10934232 Ltb4r1/Ltb4r2tm2Bodd. Ltb4r1/Ltb4r2tm2Bodd/Ltb4r1/Ltb4r2tm2Bodd involves: 129S4 ... 1991) Insulin-like growth factor-I binds selectively to human peripheral blood monocytes and B-lymphocytes. J Clin Endocrinol ...

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The escape of neutrophils is guided by chemotactic factors present in the inflammatory zone. Chemotactic factors for ... Eosinophils. Eosinophil forms via same stages as the neutrophil and the specific granules first become evident at the myelocyte ... Growth factors-fibroblast growth factors, haematopoietic growth factors (GM-CSF and G-CSF), angiogenesis factor, transforming ... Certain factors synthesised by endothelial cells promote haemostasis and include tissue factor, von Willebrand factor and ...

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Identification of a histamine H4 receptor on human eosinophils-role in eosinophil chemotaxis. J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res. ... Chemotactic activity of MoDC was determined using a modified Boyden chamber technique as described previously (28). In brief, ... H4R signaling does not phosphorylate ERK1/2 but stimulates DNA binding of the AP-1 transcription factor. Because U0126 is known ... Because U0126 has also been defined as inhibitor of the AP-1 transcription factor, we next studied the induction of AP-1 by H4R ...

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The cellular components comprise a variety of cells including eosinophils, mast cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils and plasma cells. (worldallergy.org)
Eosinophils are the dominant cell type except in cystic fibrosis which contain more neutrophils and relatively fewer eosinophils. (worldallergy.org)
IL-8, which is a known chemotactic factor for neutrophils is also increased in nasal polyp tissue. (worldallergy.org)
Supernatants from CSE-activated EOS were found to be significantly chemotactic for neutrophils. (ispub.com)
TNF-α, which is also produced by several other inflammatory cell types, causes recruitment of eosinophils and neutrophils to inflamed tissues, induces eosinophil synthesis and release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) involved in lung tissue remodeling, and synergizes with GM-CSF to promoting eosinophil survival [ 21 ]. (ispub.com)
It induces eosinophil synthesis and release of IL-8, an important chemotactic and activating factor for neutrophils and lymphocytes [ 22 , 23 ] which induces adhesion molecule expression also triggers the oxidative burst response, contributing to tissue damage [ 24 ]. (ispub.com)
CCL6 was expressed in peripheral eosinophils and elicited macrophages, but not in elicited neutrophils. (elsevier.com)
Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils. (ouhsc.edu)
Dermal sensitization (50% and 25% w/v) with TMA and an inhalation challenge of 15 mg/m3 TMA-induced apneas, laryngeal inflammation, increased numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and increased immunoglobulin E levels in serum and lung tissue. (cdc.gov)

This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. (creativebiomart.net)
IL-16 plays an important role instimulating a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils,inducing T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor.It was originally identified as a CD8+ T cell-derived chemoattractant for CD4+ cells. (novoprolabs.com)

Histopathologic analysis revealed an ulcerated lesion with a dense mixed infiltrate of eosinophils, variably sized lymphocytes and epithelioid cells extending into submucosa. (bvsalud.org)
[ 8 ] A selective migration of leukocyte factor antigen-1-positive eosinophils and lymphocytes to hair follicles may be explained by intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression by keratinocytes on follicular epithelium but not on epidermis. (medscape.com)

It causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. (creativebiomart.net)

Leukocyte chemotactic activity of cyclophilin. (nih.gov)
Deposition of other proteins such as apolipoprotein A-I/A-II cystatin C, gelsolin, lysozyme, fibrinogen alpha chain, beta 2 microglobulin, and leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 has been detected with varied systemic and renal presentations. (mamcjms.in)

[ 6 ] Serum histamine, the principal mediator, rises in concentration with experimentally induced exercise, accompanied by eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic factors and tryptase. (medscape.com)
CSE effects on ultrastructural morphology and production of neutrophil chemotactic factors in CSE-activated EOS were also evaluated. (ispub.com)

The activation of eosinophils leads to release of toxic granules and oxygen free radicals that lead to tissue damage and promote the development of chronic inflammation. (kegg.jp)
However, increased presence of inflammatory mediators are a prominent and common factor indicating that chronic persistent inflammation is undoubtedly a major factor in polyposis, irrespective of the etiology. (worldallergy.org)
Eosinophils are particularly evident in chronic lung inflammation where their products appear to play roles both in bronchial hyper-responsiveness and in tissue remodeling, leading to compromised lung function [ 5 , 6 ]. (ispub.com)
Many of the eosinophil mediators involved in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation are preformed and stored in granules that are released upon eosinophil activation. (ispub.com)
and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) which catalyzes the peroxidation of halides and forms toxic nitrogen reactive species that contribute to asthmatic inflammation [ 14 ]. (ispub.com)
Additionally, eosinophil cytoplasmic lipid bodies contain cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases, and phospholipase A2, all of which contribute to inflammation through their role in synthesis of proinflammatory eicosanoids [ 18 ]. (ispub.com)
Eosinophils pre-store CCL6, but do not release CCL6 in the peritoneum in this model of inflammation. (elsevier.com)
Eosinophils are the principal effector cells for allergic inflammation in a variety of diseases, in which they contribute to tissue damage and remodelling processes via the secretion of cytotoxic granular proteins and cytokines. (keele.ac.uk)
Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) is an established inflammation marker , whose increase in number that reflect systemic inflammatory response, and decrease in number indicates decreased ability of the eosinophilic proteins to fight overwhelming viral response [ 8] The mechanism of eosinopenia has not been completely understood in COVID-19. (medicinesjournal.com)

In the present study, the role of p38 MAPK in chemotactic responses of an eosinophildifferentiated myeloid leukaemia cell line (EOL-1) and human peripheral blood eosinophils to a range of stimuli - platelet-activating factor (PAF), eotaxin 1 (CCL11), RANTES (CCL5), interleukin 8 (IL8, CXCL8) and IL16 - was explored through the use of the p38 MAPK α/β isoform inhibitor, SB 203580. (keele.ac.uk)
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is one of the most potent lipid mediators involved in inflammatory events. (scielo.br)
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an important mediator of juxtacrine and paracrine signals between cells (Zimmerman et al. (scielo.br)
200. Camlussi G., Tetta C, Deregibus M.C., Bussolino F., Segoloni G., Vercellone A. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) in experimentally-induced rabbit acute serum sickness: Role of basophil-derived PAF in immune complex deposition, J. Immunol. (bio-cat.ru)

The complementary pattern of inhibition observed in the present study provides evidence that distinct PI3K-dependent and p38 MAPK-dependent chemoattractants may also exist for eosinophils. (keele.ac.uk)

182. Weller P.F., Bach D., Austen K.F. Human eosinophil lysoph ispholipase: The sole protein component of charcot-leyden crystals, J. Immunol. (bio-cat.ru)

Their recruitment, growth and survival are supported by cytokines and chemokines such as granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukins (IL)- 3 and -5 [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. (ispub.com)

On the other hand, the levels of chemokines like RANTES and Eotaxin which are important for eosinophil migration (Eotaxin can also contribute to tissue damage ) are also increased in the nasal polyp tissue. (worldallergy.org)
transforming growth factors (TGF)-α and β and eotaxin [ 19 , 20 ]. (ispub.com)

It induces degranulation of eosinophils. (pharmacy180.com)

In fact, an increased expression of these cytokines has been reported in nasal polyps, which can result in prolonging the survival of the migrated eosinophils within the polyp tissue. (worldallergy.org)
A variety of cells like epithelial cells, fibroblasts, T cells, mast cells contribute as potent sources of the above mentioned cytokines / chemokines and thus can be instrumental in orchestrating eosinophil migration. (worldallergy.org)
However, eosinophils themselves are an important source of some of these cytokines / chemokines (IL-5, GM-CSF, TNF-a) and are thus capable of increasing their own survival, activation and migration in an autocrine manner. (worldallergy.org)
It is assumed that eosinopenia is the redistribution result of circulating eosinophils to the infection locus due to the chemotactic effects of increased cytokines 9 Hence this study was done to assess the use of Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) as a tool to predict disease severity and prognosticate COVID-19 infection. (medicinesjournal.com)

Moreover, MoDC responded to a H4R agonist (and also to a H2R agonist) with increased F-actin polymerization and migration in modified Boyden chamber assays, suggesting a chemotactic effect of histamine via the H2R and the H4R. (aai.org)

Neutralization of IL-5, the main eosinophil growth factor, has been shown to block airway hyper-reactivity [ 10 ]. (ispub.com)
Collectively, ODE increased airway inflammatory cells and chemotactic mediator release in allergic (OVA) sensitized mice to suggest that persons with allergy/asthma be identified and warned prior to the occupational exposure of potentially worsening airway disease. (cdc.gov)
BHR, but factors such as airway remodeling also influence the potential of a chemical to induce respiratory allergy. (cdc.gov)

Complex subunit associated factors are involved in hybridoma growth, Eosinohils, eritroid proliferation and derived from promotor binding stimulating subunits on the DNA binding complex. (eotaxin-2.com)
Mast cells also release chemotactic factors that contribute to the recruitment of inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils, whose proliferation and differentiation from bone marrow progenitors is promoted by IL-5. (kegg.jp)

EPO, which is used as a biomarker of eosinophil degranulation (i.e., activation) [ 15 ], inactivates leukotrienes that cause bronchoconstriction [ 16 ]. (ispub.com)

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) has been shown previously to be essential for eosinophil chemotactic responses to some stimuli but not others. (keele.ac.uk)

Synthesis of eosinophil-associated enzymes in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. (nih.gov)

This cytokine is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ cells. (creativebiomart.net)

Peritoneal CCL6 level was not decreased in granulocyte-depleted mice where eosinophil influx was significantly impaired. (elsevier.com)
Intranasal inhalation of ODE in OVA-treated (asthmatic) mice (OVA-ODE) increased AHR and total cellular influx marked by elevated neutrophil and eosinophil counts. (cdc.gov)

The study was conducted to evaluate quantitative changes in total wbc, neutrophil, lymphocyte and eosinophil count following steroid administration in patients. (astraluminlore.com)

Of special importance are GM-CSF, IL-3 and IL-5 crucial for eosinophil survival and activation. (worldallergy.org)
The intracellular mechanisms that control the activation, recruitment and survival of eosinophils are fundamental in understanding these disease processes. (keele.ac.uk)

The production of neoantigens, failure to induce apoptosis, poor immune tolerance, delayed hypersensitivity reaction, and skin microbiome dysregulation are important factors in the pathogenesis of PMLE. (medscape.com)

Effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on eosinophils (EOS), important cells involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases such as asthma, were studied in vitro. (ispub.com)
Numerous eosinophils and large histiocytic cells with pale nuclei and frequent mitoses, in some instances showing a pseudolymphomatous aspect, are characteristic 8 . (bvsalud.org)
The patient also had a leukocytosis of 14,100 white cells/µL, 8% of which were eosinophils. (medscape.com)
It may act as a scaffold for GABPB1 (the DNA-binding subunit the GABP transcription factor complex) and HDAC3 thus maintaining transcriptional repression and blocking cell cycle progression in resting T-cells. (novoprolabs.com)

Kölgen et al noted that the reduced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-10 in the UVB-irradiated skin of patients with PMLE. (medscape.com)

Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Bovine Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFa) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (gkts.net)
Adalimumab, a fully human anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients taking concomitant methotrexate: the ARMADA trial. (nih.gov)

183. Weller P.F., Wasserman S.I., Austen K.F. Selected enzymes preferentially present in the eosinophil. (bio-cat.ru)

In other cases, such as tumoral calcinosis associated with O-glycosylation of the fibroblast growth factor 23, O-glycans are absent or less abundant. (bvsalud.org)

Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) - a segmented RNA virus - has been recognized as the causal factor in a series of severe cases of pneumonia originating in - Wuhan in Hubei province, China - which panned out into a pandemic 4 This disease has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by WHO. (medicinesjournal.com)

Several factors, including an increased incidence in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), a marked sensitivity in some patients with anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions, and an immediate reactivity in some patients, suggest an allergic basis for cholinergic urticaria. (medscape.com)

IMPORTANCE UV radiation (UVR) exposure is the primary environmental risk factor for developing cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). (arctichealth.org)

Activation pathway involving complement components C3, factor B, factor D, and properdin that, in the presence of a stabilizing activator surface such as microbial polysaccharide, generates the alternative pathway C3 convertase C3bBb. (roitt.com)

The chemotactic action may be mediated through release of LTB 4 . (pharmacy180.com)

the bone marrow microenvironment and responsiveness of progenitors to haematopoietic growth factors appear to play a role. (jaypeedigital.com)

Eosinophils (EOS) are terminally differentiated granular leukocytes that are produced in the bone marrow and migrate to inflamed tissues in response to chemotactic signals. (ispub.com)

In contrast, H4R stimulation did not affect cAMP production but induced the transcription factor AP-1, and U0126, an inhibitor of AP-1 transactivation and MEK, rescued H4R mediated IL-12p70 suppression. (aai.org)

This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil" by people in this website by year, and whether "Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (jefferson.edu)

Aplha, transcription related growth factors and stimulating factors or repressing nuclear factors are complex subunits of proteins involved in cell differentiation. (eotaxin-2.com)

In majority of nasal polyps, eosinophils comprise more than 60% of the cell population, except in cystic fibrosis. (worldallergy.org)

Hereditary factors may also play an important role in the development of nasal polyposis in diseases like cystic fibrosis and ciliary dyskinesia, and this association was also reported in eosinophilic polyps. (worldallergy.org)
However, as stated by Settipane, local, mucosal and environmental factors may also be important in addition to a genetic predispostion. (worldallergy.org)

Anatomy26

Organisms8

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs117

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes29

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Health Care2

Selective eosinophil transendothelial migration triggered by eotaxin via modulation of Mac-1/ICAM-1 and VLA-4/VCAM-1 interactions. (1/152)

Eotaxin contributes to renal interstitial eosinophilia. (2/152)

Differential chemokine expression in tissues involved by Hodgkin's disease: direct correlation of eotaxin expression and tissue eosinophilia. (3/152)

Eotaxin activates T cells to chemotaxis and adhesion only if induced to express CCR3 by IL-2 together with IL-4. (4/152)

CD26/dipeptidyl-peptidase IV down-regulates the eosinophil chemotactic potency, but not the anti-HIV activity of human eotaxin by affecting its interaction with CC chemokine receptor 3. (5/152)

Immunomodulatory role of C10 chemokine in a murine model of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. (6/152)

Human eotaxin induces eosinophil extravasation through rat mesenteric venules: role of alpha4 integrins and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. (7/152)

Human thymocytes express CCR-3 and are activated by eotaxin. (8/152)

Eosinophils

Chemotactic Factors

Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte

Eosinophil Peroxidase

Complement C5

Eosinophil Granule Proteins

Neutrophils

Chemotaxis

N-Formylmethionine

N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine

Eosinophilia

Complement C5a

Interleukin-5

Interleukin-8

Eosinophil Cationic Protein

Chemokine CCL11

Leukotriene B4

Eosinophil Major Basic Protein

Carcinoma 256, Walker

Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin

Chemokines, C

Zymosan

Anaphylatoxins

Monocytes

Cytochalasin B

Leukocyte Count

Leukocytes

Cells, Cultured

Chemokines, CC

Guinea Pigs

Cell Movement

Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins

Platelet Activating Factor

Rabbits

Complement System Proteins

Ribonucleases

Isethionic Acid

Receptors, CCR3

Pulmonary Eosinophilia

Exudates and Transudates

Chemokine CCL24

Macrophages

Oligopeptides

Asthma

Cell Adhesion

Hypersensitivity

Inflammation

Granulocytes

Cytoplasmic Granules

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid

Anaphylaxis

Chemokine CCL2

Cytokines

Cell Degranulation

Chemokines

Time Factors

Lung

Receptors, Complement

Esterases

Chemokines, CXC

Blood Proteins

Ascitic Fluid

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Mast Cells

Cell Biology

Interleukin-1

Receptors, Formyl Peptide

Antigens, CD18

Blood Protein Electrophoresis

Hexosephosphates

Pheniramine

Skin

Superoxides

Lymphokines

Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

Interleukin-16

Leukotriene C4

Arthus Reaction

Arachidonic Acids