Chemotactic factors. Medical search

Chemical substances that attract or repel cells. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, microbial invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract LEUKOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; or other cells to the site of infection or insult.

The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.

C5 plays a central role in both the classical and the alternative pathway of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. C5 is cleaved by C5 CONVERTASE into COMPLEMENT C5A and COMPLEMENT C5B. The smaller fragment C5a is an ANAPHYLATOXIN and mediator of inflammatory process. The major fragment C5b binds to the membrane initiating the spontaneous assembly of the late complement components, C5-C9, into the MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX.

Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ECF-A, released mainly by mast cells.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.

Effective in the initiation of protein synthesis. The initiating methionine residue enters the ribosome as N-formylmethionyl tRNA. This process occurs in Escherichia coli and other bacteria as well as in the mitochondria of eucaryotic cells.

A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.

The minor fragment formed when C5 convertase cleaves C5 into C5a and COMPLEMENT C5B. C5a is a 74-amino-acid glycopeptide with a carboxy-terminal ARGININE that is crucial for its spasmogenic activity. Of all the complement-derived anaphylatoxins, C5a is the most potent in mediating immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE), smooth MUSCLE CONTRACTION; HISTAMINE RELEASE; and migration of LEUKOCYTES to site of INFLAMMATION.

A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.

A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Group of chemokines without adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes only.

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

Serum peptides derived from certain cleaved COMPLEMENT PROTEINS during COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. They induce smooth MUSCLE CONTRACTION; mast cell HISTAMINE RELEASE; PLATELET AGGREGATION; and act as mediators of the local inflammatory process. The order of anaphylatoxin activity from the strongest to the weakest is C5a, C3a, C4a, and C5a des-arginine.

A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

Serum glycoproteins participating in the host defense mechanism of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION that creates the COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX. Included are glycoproteins in the various pathways of complement activation (CLASSICAL COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; and LECTIN COMPLEMENT PATHWAY).

A colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Exudates are fluids, CELLS, or other cellular substances that are slowly discharged from BLOOD VESSELS usually from inflamed tissues. Transudates are fluids that pass through a membrane or squeeze through tissue or into the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE of TISSUES. Transudates are thin and watery and contain few cells or PROTEINS.

Chemokines that are chemoattractants for monocytes. These CC chemokines (cysteines adjacent) number at least three including CHEMOKINE CCL2.

A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. It has specificity for CCR2 RECEPTORS.

Molecules on the surface of some B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that recognize and combine with the C3b, C3d, C1q, and C4b components of complement.

The study of the structure, behavior, growth, reproduction, and pathology of cells; and the function and chemistry of cellular components.

Electrophoresis applied to BLOOD PROTEINS.

One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus.

A family of G-protein-coupled receptors that was originally identified by its ability to bind N-formyl peptides such as N-FORMYLMETHIONINE LEUCYL-PHENYLALANINE. Since N-formyl peptides are found in MITOCHONDRIA and BACTERIA, this class of receptors is believed to play a role in mediating cellular responses to cellular damage and bacterial invasion. However, non-formylated peptide ligands have also been found for this receptor class.

Group of chemokines with paired cysteines separated by a different amino acid. CXC chemokines are chemoattractants for neutrophils but not monocytes.

The serous fluid of ASCITES, the accumulation of fluids in the PERITONEAL CAVITY.

An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.

A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.

A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Serum globulins that migrate to the gamma region (most positively charged) upon ELECTROPHORESIS. At one time, gamma-globulins came to be used as a synonym for immunoglobulins since most immunoglobulins are gamma globulins and conversely most gamma globulins are immunoglobulins. But since some immunoglobulins exhibit an alpha or beta electrophoretic mobility, that usage is in decline.

A dermal inflammatory reaction produced under conditions of antibody excess, when a second injection of antigen produces intravascular antigen-antibody complexes which bind complement, causing cell clumping, endothelial damage, and vascular necrosis.

Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. They can be divided into at least three structural branches: C; (CHEMOKINES, C); CC; (CHEMOKINES, CC); and CXC; (CHEMOKINES, CXC); according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

Virus diseases caused by the TOGAVIRIDAE.

A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.

Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.

Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.

Soluble protein factors generated by activated lymphocytes that affect other cells, primarily those involved in cellular immunity.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

A CXC chemokine with specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS. It has growth factor activities and is implicated as a oncogenic factor in several tumor types.

The phenomenon by which dissociated cells intermixed in vitro tend to group themselves with cells of their own type.

A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.

Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.

A membrane or barrier with micrometer sized pores used for separation purification processes.

The decrease in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.

The process in which the neutrophil is stimulated by diverse substances, resulting in degranulation and/or generation of reactive oxygen products, and culminating in the destruction of invading pathogens. The stimulatory substances, including opsonized particles, immune complexes, and chemotactic factors, bind to specific cell-surface receptors on the neutrophil.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

An increased reactivity to specific antigens mediated not by antibodies but by cells.

Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated LEUKOCYTES or MACROPHAGES. Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms.

A cytokine produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that stimulates the migration of CD4-POSITIVE LYMPHOCYTES and monocytes. It has been reported to suppress HIV replication.

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.

Molecules found on the surface of some, but not all, B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, and macrophages, which recognize and combine with the Fc (crystallizable) portion of immunoglobulin molecules.

A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated during the normal catalytic function of a number of enzymes and during the oxidation of hemoglobin to METHEMOGLOBIN. In living organisms, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE protects the cell from the deleterious effects of superoxides.

The science and application of a double-beam transmission interference microscope in which the illuminating light beam is split into two paths. One beam passes through the specimen while the other beam reflects off a reference mirror before joining and interfering with the other. The observed optical path difference between the two beams can be measured and used to discriminate minute differences in thickness and refraction of non-stained transparent specimens, such as living cells in culture.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

Molecular sites on or in some B-lymphocytes and macrophages that recognize and combine with COMPLEMENT C3B. The primary structure of these receptors reveal that they contain transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, with their extracellular portion composed entirely of thirty short consensus repeats each having 60 to 70 amino acids.

An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.

A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.

Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.

Preparations made from animal tissues or organs (ANIMAL STRUCTURES). They usually contain many components, any one of which may be pharmacologically or physiologically active. Tissue extracts may contain specific, but uncharacterized factors or proteins with specific actions.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Any inflammation of the skin.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A subclass of EXOPEPTIDASES that act on the free N terminus end of a polypeptide liberating a single amino acid residue. EC 3.4.11.

An oxidative decarboxylation process that converts GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE to D-ribose-5-phosphate via 6-phosphogluconate. The pentose product is used in the biosynthesis of NUCLEIC ACIDS. The generated energy is stored in the form of NADPH. This pathway is prominent in tissues which are active in the synthesis of FATTY ACIDS and STEROIDS.

Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

The engulfing and degradation of microorganisms; other cells that are dead, dying, or pathogenic; and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES).

Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

Cell surface molecules on cells of the immune system that specifically bind surface molecules or messenger molecules and trigger changes in the behavior of cells. Although these receptors were first identified in the immune system, many have important functions elsewhere.

Glycoproteins which contain sialic acid as one of their carbohydrates. They are often found on or in the cell or tissue membranes and participate in a variety of biological activities.

Condensed areas of cellular material that may be bounded by a membrane.

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Soluble mediators of the immune response that are neither antibodies nor complement. They are produced largely, but not exclusively, by monocytes and macrophages.

A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.

A specific immune response elicited by a specific dose of an immunologically active substance or cell in an organism, tissue, or cell.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

Techniques for removal by adsorption and subsequent elution of a specific antibody or antigen using an immunosorbent containing the homologous antigen or antibody.

Techniques used for determining the values of photometric parameters of light resulting from LUMINESCENCE.

The diffusion or accumulation of neutrophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions.

A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Organic compounds that contain two nitro groups attached to a phenol.

Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

A protease of broad specificity, obtained from dried pancreas. Molecular weight is approximately 25,000. The enzyme breaks down elastin, the specific protein of elastic fibers, and digests other proteins such as fibrin, hemoglobin, and albumin. EC 3.4.21.36.

A group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine. The ring structure is characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids such as papaverine. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.

A glycoprotein that is central in both the classical and the alternative pathway of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. C3 can be cleaved into COMPLEMENT C3A and COMPLEMENT C3B, spontaneously at low level or by C3 CONVERTASE at high level. The smaller fragment C3a is an ANAPHYLATOXIN and mediator of local inflammatory process. The larger fragment C3b binds with C3 convertase to form C5 convertase.

Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES; and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

One of the virulence factors produced by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS. It is a multimeric protein composed of five subunits S1 - S5. S1 contains mono ADPribose transferase activity.

Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils.

An adhesion-promoting leukocyte surface membrane heterodimer. The alpha subunit consists of the CD11b ANTIGEN and the beta subunit the CD18 ANTIGEN. The antigen, which is an integrin, functions both as a receptor for complement 3 and in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesive interactions.

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A set of BACTERIAL ADHESINS and TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL produced by BORDETELLA organisms that determine the pathogenesis of BORDETELLA INFECTIONS, such as WHOOPING COUGH. They include filamentous hemagglutinin; FIMBRIAE PROTEINS; pertactin; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; ADENYLATE CYCLASE TOXIN; dermonecrotic toxin; tracheal cytotoxin; Bordetella LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; and tracheal colonization factor.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

The sequential activation of serum COMPLEMENT PROTEINS to create the COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX. Factors initiating complement activation include ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES, microbial ANTIGENS, or cell surface POLYSACCHARIDES.

Soluble factors which stimulate growth-related activities of leukocytes as well as other cell types. They enhance cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA synthesis, secretion of other biologically active molecules and responses to immune and inflammatory stimuli.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Proteins that bind specific drugs with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Drug receptors are generally thought to be receptors for some endogenous substance not otherwise specified.

Heparin-binding proteins that exhibit a number of inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. Originally identified as secretory products of MACROPHAGES, these chemokines are produced by a variety of cell types including NEUTROPHILS; FIBROBLASTS; and EPITHELIAL CELLS. They likely play a significant role in respiratory tract defenses.

Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.

The property of blood capillary ENDOTHELIUM that allows for the selective exchange of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues and through membranous barriers such as the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER; BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD-NERVE BARRIER; BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER; and BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER. Small lipid-soluble molecules such as carbon dioxide and oxygen move freely by diffusion. Water and water-soluble molecules cannot pass through the endothelial walls and are dependent on microscopic pores. These pores show narrow areas (TIGHT JUNCTIONS) which may limit large molecule movement.

Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

A hemeprotein from leukocytes. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to a hereditary disorder coupled with disseminated moniliasis. It catalyzes the conversion of a donor and peroxide to an oxidized donor and water. EC 1.11.1.7.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.

An acidic glycoprotein of MW 23 kDa with internal disulfide bonds. The protein is produced in response to a number of inflammatory mediators by mesenchymal cells present in the hemopoietic environment and at peripheral sites of inflammation. GM-CSF is able to stimulate the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells and can stimulate the formation of eosinophil colonies from fetal liver progenitor cells. GM-CSF can also stimulate some functional activities in mature granulocytes and macrophages.

A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.

Non-serum-dependent chemotactic factors produced by Candida albicans stimulate chemotaxis by binding to the formyl peptide receptor on neutrophils and to an unknown receptor on macrophages. (1/1836)

Serum-free culture filtrates of six Candida species and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were found to contain chemoattractants for human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and a mouse macrophage-like cell line, J774. The chemotactic factors differed for the PMN and J774 cells, however, in terms of heat stability, kinetics of liberation by the yeast cells, and divalent cation requirements for production. The chemoattractant in Candida albicans culture filtrates appeared to act through the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) of PMNs, since it was found to induce chemotaxis of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that were expressing the human FPR but did not induce chemotaxis of wild-type CHO cells. The C. albicans culture filtrates also induced migration of PMNs across confluent monolayers of a human gastrointestinal epithelial cell line, T84; migration occurred in the basolateral-to-apical direction but not the reverse direction, unless the epithelial tight junctions were disrupted. J774 cells did not migrate toward the formylated peptide (fMet-Leu-Phe; fMLF), and chemotaxis toward the C. albicans culture filtrate was not inhibited by an FPR antagonist (t-butoxycarbonyl-Met-Leu-Phe), suggesting that a different receptor mediated J774 cell chemotaxis. In conclusion, we have identified a receptor by which a non-serum-dependent chemotactic factor (NSCF) produced by C. albicans induced chemotaxis of PMNs. Additionally, we have shown that NSCF was active across epithelial monolayers. These findings suggest that NSCFs produced by C. albicans and other yeast species may influence host-pathogen interactions at the gastrointestinal tract mucosal surface by inducing phagocytic-cell infiltration. (+info)

Acetyl-CoA:1-O-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase is directly activated by p38 kinase. (2/1836)

Acetyl-CoA:1-O-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase, along with phospholipase A2, is a key regulator of platelet-activating factor biosynthesis via the remodeling pathway. We have now obtained evidence in human neutrophils indicating that this enzyme is regulated by a specific member of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, namely the p38 kinase. We earlier demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) as well as N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine treatment leads to increased phosphorylation and activation of p38 kinase in human neutrophils. Strikingly, in the present study these stimuli increased the catalytic activity of acetyltransferase up to 3-fold, whereas 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which activates the extracellular-regulated kinases (ERKs) but not p38 kinase, had no effect. Furthermore, a selective inhibitor of p38 kinase, SB 203580, was able to abolish the TNF-alpha- and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced activation of acetyltransferase. The same effect was not observed in the presence of an inhibitor that blocked ERK activation (PD 98059). Complementing the findings in intact cells, we have shown that recombinant, activated p38 kinase added to microsomes in the presence of Mg2+ and ATP increased acetyltransferase activity to the same degree as in microsomes obtained from TNF-alpha-stimulated cells. No activation of acetyltransferase occurred upon treatment of microsomes with either recombinant, activated ERK-1 or ERK-2. Finally, the increases in acetyltransferase activity induced by TNF-alpha could be ablated by treating the microsomes with alkaline phosphatase. Thus acetyltransferase appears to be a downstream target for p38 kinase but not ERKs. These data from whole cells as well as cell-free systems fit a model wherein stimulus-induced acetyltransferase activation is mediated by a phosphorylation event catalyzed directly by p38 kinase. (+info)

Isolation of novel GRO genes and a phylogenetic analysis of the CXC chemokine subfamily in mammals. (3/1836)

Approximately 15 different alpha, or CXC, chemokines have thus far been isolated from 11 species of mammals. Among the best studied chemokines are the 12 human proteins that are encoded by 11 paralogous genes. In order to better understand the evolution and function of this group of genes, we isolated and characterized six novel GRO and GRO-related cDNA sequences from the cow (Bos taurus), the sheep (Ovis aries), the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), and the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). The amino acid sequence of the diverged guinea pig GRO or KC gene is only 50%-60% similar to presumed orthologs from other species, while the sheep and cow GRO proteins are 90%-99% similar to each other. The presence of multiple GRO genes in the cow, the rabbit, and the sheep is consistent with what has been observed for humans. Phylogenetic analyses of amino acid sequences from 44 proteins indicate that genes orthologous to many of the 11 known from humans exist in other species. One such gene, interleukin 8, or IL8, has been isolated from nine species, including the rodent guinea pig; however, this gene is absent in the rat and the mouse, indicating a unique gene loss event in the rat/mouse (muroid rodent) lineage. The KC (or MIP2) gene of rodents appears to be orthologous to the GRO gene found in other taxonomic orders. Combined evidence from different sources suggests that IP10 and MIG share sister taxon relationships on the evolutionary tree, while the remaining paralogous genes represent independent lineages, with limited evidence for kinship between them. This observation indicates that these genes originated nearly contemporaneously via a series of gene duplication events. Relative-rate tests for synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions in the KC and IL8 genes did not detect rate heterogeneity; however, there are several notable features regarding the IL8 genes. For example, the IL8 proteins from two Old World monkeys are as similar to one another as they are to the IL8 protein from humans, and all observed nucleotide differences between the IL8 genes of the two monkeys cause amino acid changes; in other words, there are no synonymous differences between them. (+info)

Car: a cytoplasmic sensor responsible for arginine chemotaxis in the archaeon Halobacterium salinarum. (4/1836)

A new metabolic signaling pathway for arginine, both a chemoeffector and a fermentative energy source, is described for Halobacterium salinarum. Systematic screening of 80+ potentially chemotactic compounds with two behavioral assays identified leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, cysteine, arginine and several peptides as strong chemoattractants. Deletion analysis of a number of potential halobacterial transducer genes led to the identification of Car, a specific cytoplasmic arginine transducer which lacks transmembrane helices and was biochemically shown to be localized in the cytoplasm. Flow assays were used to show specific adaptive responses to arginine and ornithine in wild-type but not Deltacar cells, demonstrating the role of Car in sensing arginine. The signaling pathway from external arginine to the flagellar motor of the cell involves an arginine:ornithine antiporter which was quantitatively characterized for its transport kinetics and inhibitors. By compiling the chemotactic behavior, the adaptive responses and the characteristics of the arginine:ornithine antiporter to arginine and its analogs, we now understand how the combination of arginine uptake and its metabolic conversion is required to build an effective sensing system. In both bacteria and the archaea this is the first chemoeffector molecule of a soluble methylatable transducer to be identified. (+info)

Rho-kinase in human neutrophils: a role in signalling for myosin light chain phosphorylation and cell migration. (5/1836)

The role of a Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase in migration of neutrophils has been investigated. Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase I was expressed in human neutrophils. Chemotactic peptide led to a Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase-dependent increase in phosphorylation of myosin light chain. This was determined with the help of an antibody directed against serine 19-phosphorylated myosin light chain and an inhibitor of Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase (Y-27632). Y-27632 suppressed myosin light chain phosphorylation and chemotactic peptide-induced development of cell polarity and locomotion with similar potency (ED50 0.5-1.1 microM). The data strongly suggest that a Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase isoform, activated in human neutrophils exposed to chemotactic peptide, is important for motile functions of these cells. (+info)

Chemotactic, mitogenic, and angiogenic actions of UTP on vascular endothelial cells. (6/1836)

Endothelial cells express receptors for ATP and UTP, and both UTP and ATP elicit endothelial release of vasoactive compounds such as prostacyclin and nitric oxide; however, the distinction between purine and pyrimidine nucleotide signaling is not known. We hypothesized that UTP plays a more important role in endothelial mitogenesis and chemotaxis than does ATP and that UTP is angiogenic. In cultured endothelial cells from guinea pig cardiac vasculature (CEC), both UTP and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significant mitogenic and chemotactic factors; in contrast, ATP demonstrated no significant chemotaxis in CEC. In chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAM), UTP and VEGF treatments produced statistically significant increases in CAM vascularity compared with controls. These findings are the first evidence of chemotactic or angiogenic effects of pyrimidines; they suggest a role for pyrimidine nucleotides that is distinct from those assumed by purine nucleotides and provide for the possibility that UTP serves as an extracellular signal for processes such as endothelial repair and angiogenesis. (+info)

Deficiency of the hematopoietic cell-specific Rho family GTPase Rac2 is characterized by abnormalities in neutrophil function and host defense. (7/1836)

In mammals, the Rho family GTPase Rac2 is restricted in expression to hematopoietic cells, where it is coexpressed with Rac1. Rac2-deficient mice were created to define the physiological requirement for two near-identical Rac proteins in hematopoietic cells. rac2-/- neutrophils displayed significant defects in chemotaxis, in shear-dependent L-selectin-mediated capture on the endothelial substrate Glycam-1, and in both F-actin generation and p38 and, unexpectedly, p42/p44 MAP kinase activation induced by chemoattractants. Superoxide production by rac2-/- bone marrow neutrophils was significantly reduced compared to wild type, but it was normal in activated peritoneal exudate neutrophils. These defects were reflected in vivo by baseline neutrophilia, reduced inflammatory peritoneal exudate formation, and increased mortality when challenged with Aspergillus fumigatus. Rac2 is an essential regulator of multiple specialized neutrophil functions. (+info)

A functional granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor is required for normal chemoattractant-induced neutrophil activation. (8/1836)

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor that is widely used to treat neutropenia. In addition to stimulating polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) production, G-CSF may have significant effects on PMN function. Because G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR)-deficient mice do not have the expected neutrophilia after administration of human interleukin-8 (IL-8), we examined the effect of the loss of G-CSFR on IL-8-stimulated PMN function. Compared with wild-type PMNs, PMNs isolated from G-CSFR-deficient mice demonstrated markedly decreased chemotaxis to IL-8. PMN emigration into the skin of G-CSFR-deficient mice in response to IL-8 was also impaired. Significant chemotaxis defects were also seen in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, zymosan-activated serum, or macrophage inflammatory protein-2. The defective chemotactic response to IL-8 does not appear to be due to impaired chemoattractant receptor function, as the number of IL-8 receptors and chemoattractant-induced calcium influx, actin polymerization, and release of gelatinase B were comparable to those of wild-type PMNs. Chemoattractant-induced adhesion of G-CSFR-deficient PMNs was significantly impaired, suggesting a defect in beta2-integrin activation. Collectively, these data demonstrate that selective defects in PMN activation are present in G-CSFR-deficient mice and indicate that G-CSF plays an important role in regulating PMN chemokine responsiveness. (+info)

Ward PA, Lepow IH, Newman LJ (April 1968). "Bacterial factors chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes". The American ... "The isolation and partial characterization of neutrophil chemotactic factors from Escherichia coli". Journal of Immunology. 114 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Élie_Metchnikoff

fMLF led to the first discovery of a leukocyte receptor for a chemotactic factor, defined three different types of fMLF ... Becker EL, Showell HJ (Jun 1974). "The ability of chemotactic factors to induce lysosomal enzyme release. II. The mechanism of ... O'Flaherty JT, Showell HJ, Ward PA (May 1977). "Neutropenia induced by systemic infusion of chemotactic factors". Journal of ... fMLF is the prototypical representative of the N-formylated oligopeptide family of chemotactic factors. These oligopeptides are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine

"CXCL17 is a major chemotactic factor for lung macrophages". Journal of Immunology. 193 (3): 1468-74. doi:10.4049/jimmunol. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL17

Larsen CP, Ismail W, Kurtin PJ, Vrana JA, Dasari S, Nasr SH (2016). "Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a ... Hutton, H.L.; DeMarco, M.L.; Magil, A.B.; Taylor, P. (2014). "Renal leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 (LECT2) amyloidosis in first ... Murphy, C. L.; Wang, S.; Kestler, D.; Larsen, C.; Benson, D.; Weiss, D. T. (2010). "Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 (LECT2)- ... Benson, M. D.; James, S.; Scott, K.; Liepnieks, J. J.; Kluve-Beckerman, B. (April 2008). "Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2: A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LECT2_amyloidosis

OPN was also found to act as a macrophage chemotactic factor. In rhesus monkey, OPN prevents macrophages from leaving the ... tumour necrosis factor α [TNFα], infterleukin-1β [IL-1β]), angiotensin II, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and parathyroid ... Firstly, it has chemotactic properties, which promote cell recruitment to inflammatory sites. It also functions as an adhesion ... OPN is an important anti-apoptotic factor in many circumstances. OPN blocks the activation-induced cell death of macrophages ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteopontin

Zigmond S.H. (1977). "Ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to orient in gradients of chemotactic factors". Journal of Cell ... Boyden, S.V. (1962). "The chemotactic effect of mixtures of antibody and antigen on polymorphonuclear leucocytes". J Exp Med. ... Chambers isolated by filters are proper tools for accurate determination of chemotactic behavior. The pioneer type of these ... Chemotaxis assays are experimental tools for evaluation of chemotactic ability of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. A wide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotaxis_assay

... or pathogens such as chemotactic factors, cytokines, growth factors, and even certain eicosanoids. The activated cells then ... chemotactic factor for and activator of leukocytes; inflammation. studies to date shown no clear benefits of LTB4 receptor ... chemotactic factor for and activator of eosinophils. studies needed to determine if inhibiting its production or action ... cPLA2 may also release the lysophospholipid that becomes platelet-activating factor.[28] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eicosanoid

Little FF, Cruikshank WW, Center DM (2001). "Il-9 stimulates release of chemotactic factors from human bronchial epithelial ... 2002). "Human bronchial epithelium expresses interleukin-9 receptors and releases neutrophil chemotactic factor". Exp. Lung Res ... Knoops L, Renauld JC (2005). "IL-9 and its receptor: from signal transduction to tumorigenesis". Growth Factors. 22 (4): 207-15 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin-9_receptor

Gallin EK, Gallin JI (Oct 1977). "Interaction of chemotactic factors with human macrophages: Induction of transmembrane ... Lomax KJ, Leto TL, Nunoi H, Gallin JI, Malech HL (Jul 1989). "Recombinant 47-kD cytosol factor restores NADPH oxidase in ... "Cloning of a 67K neutrophil oxidase factor with similarity to a noncatalytic region of p60c-src". Science. 248 (4956): 727-730 ... "Two forms of autosomal chronic granulomatous disease lack distinct neutrophil cytosol factors". Science. 242 (4883): 1298-1301 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_I._Gallin

1990). "CAP37, a human neutrophil-derived chemotactic factor with monocyte specific activity". J. Clin. Invest. 85 (5): 1468-76 ... The protein encoded by this gene is an azurophil granule antimicrobial protein, with monocyte chemotactic and antibacterial ... Neutrophile elastase homologues with strong monocyte and fibroblast chemotactic activities". Eur. J. Biochem. 197 (2): 535-47. ... a microbicidal and chemotactic protein from human granulocytes". J Immunol. 147 (9): 3210-4. PMID 1919011. "Entrez Gene: AZU1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azurocidin_1

2001). "The neuronal repellent Slit inhibits leukocyte chemotaxis induced by chemotactic factors". Nature. 410 (6831): 948-52. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLIT2

Little FF, Cruikshank WW, Center DM (September 2001). "Il-9 stimulates release of chemotactic factors from human bronchial ... "Expression cloning of cDNA encoding a novel human hematopoietic growth factor: human homologue of murine T-cell growth factor ... It was first purified and characterized as a T cell and mast cell growth factor and termed as P40, based on their molecular ... Whereas the report of others confirms that TGF-β is an essential factor for IL-9 induction. For the first time (Lars Blom, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_9

2001). "The neuronal repellent Slit inhibits leukocyte chemotaxis induced by chemotactic factors". Nature. 410 (6831): 948-952 ... The response is stimulated by chemical factors released by injured cells. These chemical factors induce all associated ... Other factors might also provide chemorepulsive effects on immune cells, and these inhibitory effects might be regulated by the ... 2001). "Stromal-derived factor-1 in human tumors recruits and alters the function of plasmacytoid precursor dendritic cells". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemorepulsion

IL-8, also known as neutrophil chemotactic factor, has two primary functions. It induces chemotaxis in target cells, primarily ... Modi WS, Dean M, Seuanez HN, Mukaida N, Matsushima K, O'Brien SJ (1990). "Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF ... "Nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent induction of interleukin-8 gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha: evidence for an ... IL-8 has also been implied to have a role in colorectal cancer by acting as an autocrine growth factor for colon carcinoma cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_8

"Urotensin II is a new chemotactic factor for UT receptor-expressing monocytes". Journal of Immunology. 179 (2): 901-9. doi: ... injection of urotensin II it causes an increase of corticotropin releasing factor through the activation of the hypothalamic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urotensin-II_receptor

Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2) is a protein first described in 1996 as a chemotactic factor for neutrophils, i.e. ... Larsen CP, Ismail W, Kurtin PJ, Vrana JA, Dasari S, Nasr SH (2016). "Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a ... Larsen CP, Beggs ML, Wilson JD, Lathrop SL (2016). "Prevalence and organ distribution of leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 ... 1997). "Purification and primary amino acid sequence of a novel neutrophil chemotactic factor LECT2". Immunol. Lett. 52 (1): 9- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LECT2

C3a, C5a, IL-8 are all chemotactic factors of the activated complement system. Part of their role is to recruit ... Other factors that will influence the survival rate are the severity of proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen levels, serum creatine ... Males are at a higher risk factor than females. Overall, about 50% of patients with DPGN require daily dialysis within 6-12 ... They then looked at the complement factors and immunoglobulin deposits to identify the underlying cause. The aims of this study ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_proliferative_nephritis

Warheit D. B.; Hill L. H.; George G.; Brody A. R. (1986). "Time Course of chemotactic factor generation and the macrophage ... The cytokines, transforming growth factor beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha, appear to play major roles in the development ... local immune system and provoke an inflammatory reaction dominated by lung macrophages that respond to chemotactic factors ... "Transforming Growth Factor-β1 overexpression in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α receptor knockout mice induces fibroproliferative lung ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbestosis

The intermediate is then further metabolized to: a) leukotriene A4 which is then metabolized to the chemotactic factor for ... the leukocyte chemotactic factors, 5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid; or c) the specialized pro- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonic_acid_5-hydroperoxide

Thus, chemotactic factor CCL7 recruits leukocytes to infected tissues to mediate the immune response. Furthermore, CCL7 has an ... Van Coillie E, Van Damme J, Opdenakker G (March 1999). "The MCP/eotaxin subfamily of CC chemokines". Cytokine & Growth Factor ... Opdenakker G, Froyen G, Fiten P, Proost P, Van Damme J (March 1993). "Human monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3): molecular ... Opdenakker G, Froyen G, Fiten P, Proost P, Van Damme J (March 1993). "Human monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3): molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL7

Monocytes: inhibit their migration response to chemotactic factors and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Lymphocytes: ... complement components C5a and C3a which are chemotactic factors formed during the activation of the host's blood complement ... foreign organism-derived N-formylated oligopeptide chemotactic factors (e.g. N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine); b) ... Barnig C, Levy BD (2015). "Innate immunity is a key factor for the resolution of inflammation in asthma". European Respiratory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialized_pro-resolving_mediators

... with homology to the chemotactic factor receptors". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 74 (4): 286-90. doi:10.1159/000134436. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMKLR1

... may refer to: Eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis, released from mast cell granules. Economic Cooperation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECFA

"Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA for human monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF)". Biochemical and Biophysical ... Platelet derived growth factor is a major inducer of CCL2 gene. CCR2 and CCR4 are two cell surface receptors that bind CCL2. ... In the bone, CCL2 is expressed by mature osteoclasts and osteoblasts and it is under control of nuclear factor κB (NFκB). In ... CCL2 exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils. However, it does not attract neutrophils or eosinophils. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL2

The growth of these axons is also governed by chemotactic factors secreted from Schwann cells. Injury to the peripheral nervous ... All these factors contribute to the formation of what is known as a glial scar, which axons cannot grow across. The proximal ... Growth factors are not expressed or re-expressed; for instance, the extracellular matrix is lacking laminins. Glial scars ... Fansa H, Schneider W, Wolf G, Keilhoff G (July 2002). "Influence of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on nerve autografts ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroregeneration

"Profiling the Sulfation Specificities of Glycosaminoglycan Interactions with Growth Factors and Chemotactic Proteins Using ... functions as a molecular recognition element for growth factors and modulates neuronal growth, indicating that these specific ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda_Hsieh-Wilson

Part of this cell response is brought on by inflammatory mediators such as chemotactic factors. Other processes involved with ... Other genetic factors are being investigated, of which many are likely. A number of other factors are less closely linked to ... The primary risk factor for COPD globally is tobacco smoking. Of those who smoke, about 20% will get COPD, and of those who are ... Birth factors such as low birth weight may also play a role, as do a number of infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is among the chemotactic factors that stimulate Numb-mediated chemotaxis during cell ... BDNF can function as a chemotactic factor for neural precursors during migration by activating TrkB receptors. Numb binds to ... Since then, a mechanism has been discovered through which Numb binds chemotactic signaling receptors, forming a scaffold for ... Endocytosis supports the relocalization of the chemotactic receptor to the front of the cell to promote receptor-mediated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUMB_(gene)

After the release of vasoactive and chemotactic factors, angiogenesis and the proliferation of tenocytes are initiated. ... basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). These growth factors all have different ... insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ... Tendinopathies may be caused by several intrinsic factors including age, body weight, and nutrition. The extrinsic factors are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendon

"BRAK/CXCL14 is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis and a chemotactic factor for immature dendritic cells". Cancer Research. 64 ( ... This chemokine is chemotactic for monocytes and can activate these cells in the presence of an inflammatory mediator called ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL14

Part of this cell response is brought on by inflammatory mediators such as chemotactic factors. Other processes involved with ... The primary risk factor for COPD globally is tobacco smoking.[9] Of those who smoke, about 20% will get COPD,[44] and of those ... The most common cause of COPD is tobacco smoking, with a smaller number of cases due to factors such as air pollution and ... Definition, epidemiology, and risk factors". BMJ. 332 (7550): 1142-4. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7550.1142. PMC 1459603. PMID 16690673 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COPD

Chemical factors produced during inflammation attract phagocytes, especially neutrophils.[5] Neutrophils then trigger other ... and chemotactic cytokines into the environment. Histamine dilates blood vessels, causing the signs of inflammation, and ... Inflammation is stimulated by chemical factors released by injured cells. It sets up a physical barrier against the spread of ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

"Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF/IL-8) resides in a gene cluster along with several other members of the ... 2000). "Permissive factors for HIV-1 infection of macrophages". J. Leukoc. Biol. 68 (3): 303-10. PMID 10985244. CS1 održavanje ... "Nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent induction of interleukin-8 gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha: evidence for an ... Baggiolini M, Clark-Lewis I (1992). "Interleukin-8, a chemotactic and inflammatory cytokine". FEBS Lett. 307 (1): 97-101. PMID ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_8

... where they induce IFN production with the presence of a particular transcription factor and activate transcription factor 2. ... or chemotactic cytokines into the environment. Histamine dilates blood vessels, causing the characteristic signs of ... Chemical factors produced during inflammation (histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins) sensitize ... Inflammation is stimulated by chemical factors released by injured cells and serves to establish a physical barrier against the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

Enhanced expression of elongation factor EF-1 alpha". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (8): 3546-9. PMID 3346208.. CS1 одржавање: Експлицитна ... 3 and 5 affect their anti-HIV-1 activity and chemotactic potencies for neutrophils and eosinophils". Eur. J. Immunol. 31 (7): ... 1990). „Retropseudogenes constitute the major part of the human elongation factor 1 alpha gene family". Nucleic Acids Res. 18 ( ... 1989). „Murine elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) is posttranslationally modified by novel amide-linked ethanolamine- ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR5

Granule contents of basophils are abundant with histamine, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, peroxidase, platelet-activating factor ... There is usually a granulocyte chemotactic defect in individuals suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. ... vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TNF, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and varieties of chemokines and cytokines some of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocytopenia

... potent chemotactic factor, LTB4, and possibly also weaker chemotactic factor, 5S-HETE, which serve to attract and otherwise ... For example, chemotactic factors stimulate human neutrophils to raise cytosolic Ca2+ which triggers cPLA2s, particularly the α ... On the other hand, 5-oxo-ETrE is almost as potent as 5-oxo-ETE as an eosinophil chemotactic factor and may thereby contribute ... LTB4, 5-HETE, and 5-oxoETE may contribute to the innate immune response as leukocyte chemotactic factors, i.e. they recruit and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Lipoxygenase

Their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells; they are chemotactic cyto ... Platelet factor-4 superfamily or intercrines. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an ... "Identification of RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta as the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T cells". Science ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokines

The underlying idea that target cells secrete attractive or inducing factors and that their growth cones have a chemotactic ... An atrophic factor is a force that causes a cell to die. Only natural forces on the cell are considered to be atrophic factors ... Experiments that further supported this theory led to the identification of the first neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor ... It has also been shown that in mice null for the proapoptotic factor Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein) a larger percentage of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmed_cell_death

Platelets release a multitude of growth factors including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a potent chemotactic agent, ... insulin-like growth factor 1, platelet-derived epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Local ... Other healing-associated growth factors produced by platelets include basic fibroblast growth factor, ... Both of these growth factors have been shown to play a significant role in the repair and regeneration of connective tissues. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_cells

The factors that dictate whether an infection triggers a Th1 or Th2 type response are not fully understood, but the response ... via chemotactic signals, to the T cell-enriched lymph nodes. During migration, dendritic cells undergo a process of maturation ... Over the last century, two important factors have been developed to combat their spread: sanitation and immunization.[5] ... The system is highly adaptable because of two factors. First, somatic hypermutation is a process of accelerated random genetic ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acquired_immunity

... its production appears necessary for epidermal growth factor and tumor growth factor α to stimulate cultured BT-20 human breast ... Henricks, P. A; Engels, F; Van Der Vliet, H; Nijkamp, F. P (1991). "9- and 13-hydroxy-linoleic acid possess chemotactic ... Further studies suggest that 13(S)-HODE contributes to plaque formation by activating the transcription factor, PPARγ (13(R)- ... and increases the proliferation response of prostate cancer cells to epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13-oxoODE

transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding. • transcription coactivator activity. • zinc ion binding. • ... negative regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production. • positive regulation of glucose import in response to ... transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding. • chenodeoxycholic acid binding. • ... RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding. Cellular component. • nuclear euchromatin. • ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farnesoid_X_receptor

After the release of vasoactive and chemotactic factors, angiogenesis and the proliferation of tenocytes are initiated. ... basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β).[35] These growth factors all have different ... insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ... Tendinopathies may be caused by several intrinsic factors including age, body weight, and nutrition. The extrinsic factors are ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagina_fibrosa

In the alternative pathway, C3b binds to Factor B. Factor D releases Factor Ba from Factor B bound to C3b. The complex of C3b(2 ... C5a is an important chemotactic protein, helping recruit inflammatory cells. C3a is the precursor of an important cytokine ( ... complement factor B, and complement factor I, as well as deletion of complement factor H-related 3 and complement factor H- ... The surface-bound C3b may now bind factor B to form C3bB. This complex in the presence of factor D will be cleaved into Ba and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system

... for the Prostaglandin DP2 receptor which is more closely related in amino acid sequence and functionality to chemotactic factor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_receptor

Removal of plaque retentive factors: Local plaque retentive factors such as mal-positioned teeth, overhanging restorations, ... An impaired ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to react to chemotactic stimuli is found in the majority of patients ... Virulence factors are the attributes of microorganisms that enable it to colonise a particular niche in its host, overcome the ... Many studies have shown that genetic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease.[21] In this case, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggressive_periodontitis

Chemotactic properties: The large surface area available on collagen fibers can attract fibrogenic cells which help in healing. ... Many bacteria and viruses secrete virulence factors, such as the enzyme collagenase, which destroys collagen or interferes with ... Structure factors determination, evaluation of Isomorphous Replacement methods and other modeling. PhD Thesis, Université ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen

... including eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis, leukotriene B4 and serotonin mediated release of eosinophil granules ... The location of the causal factor can be used to classify eosinophilia into two general types: extrinsic, in which the factor ... with a translocation between chromosomes 5 and 14 or alterations in the genes which encode platelet-derived growth factor ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilia

Characterization of synthetic human granulocyte chemotactic protein 2: usage of chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 and in vivo ... Human and bovine granulocyte chemotactic protein-2: complete amino acid sequence and functional characterization as chemokines ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL6

Because both naive T cells and dendritic cells express CCR7, they are drawn into the paracortex by the same chemotactic factors ... also allows exchange of material with blood through the high endothelial venules and provides the growth and regulatory factors ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_Nodes

Second, as inflammation nears completion, macrophage and mast cells release fibroblast growth and chemotactic factors to ... Overview of involved growth factorsEdit. Following are the main growth factors involved in wound healing: Growth factor. ... Factors affecting wound healingEdit. Many factors controlling the efficacy, speed, and manner of wound healing fall under two ... Macrophages also secrete a number of factors such as growth factors and other cytokines, especially during the third and fourth ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wound_repair

DP2, is related to members of the chemotactic factor class of GPCRs, sharing an amino acid sequence identity of 29% with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR44

CXCL8 (IL-8) forms a chemotactic gradient that directs leukocytes towards site of tissue injury/infection (CCL2 has a similar ... This is assisted through juxtacrine activation of integrins by chemokines and soluble factors released by endothelial cells. In ... Once in the interstitial fluid, leukocytes migrate along a chemotactic gradient towards the site of injury or infection. ... Intracellular integrin domains associate with the leukocyte cytoskeleton, via mediation with cytosolic factors such as talin, α ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukocyte_extravasation

Other chemotactic signals such as formyl Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF) may also guide spermatozoa.[25] ... and chemotactic gradients of progesterone have been confirmed as the signal emanating from the cumulus oophorus cells ... "Evidence for the presence of specific receptors for N-formyl chemotactic peptides on human spermatozoa". J Clin Endocrinol ... Testis-determining factor. *Hermaphrodite *Sequential hermaphroditism. *Intersex. *parasexuality. *Sex as a biological variable ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilization

Un factor atrófico é unha factor natural que causa que unha célula morra. Son factores atróficos comúns:[17] ... Constantino, Sotelo (2002). "The chemotactic hypothesis of Cajal: a century behind". Progress in Brain Research 136: 11-20. doi ... á identificación do primeiro factor neurotrófico, o factor de crecemento dos nervios (NGF).[29] ... Cowan, WN (2001). "Viktor Hamburger and Rita Levi-Montalcini: the path to the discovery of nerve growth factor". Annual Review ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morte_celular_programada

Initially thought to be a second and low affinity receptor for the neutrophil tripeptide chemotactic factor, N-formyl-met-leu- ... 12-HHT stimulates chemotactic responses in mouse bone marrow mast cells, which naturally express BLT2 receptors, as well as in ... 12-HHT was reported to inhibit the chemotaxis-blocking effect of a human monocyte-derived factor on human moncytes[16] while ... and mouse keratinocyte migration by a BLT2 receptor-dependent mechanism that involved the production of tumor necrosis factor α ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic_acid

... and they have direct chemotactic effects on tissue remodeling. ... growth factors and as "promiscuous" growth factors due to their ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fibroblast growth factors (FGF).. *Fibroblast+Growth+Factors at the US National Library ... FGF1 and FGF2 are more potent angiogenic factors than vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or platelet-derived growth ... FGF1 is also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor, and FGF2 is also known as basic fibroblast growth factor. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor

... is chemotactic for activated T cells. Its gene is located on human chromosome 4 along with many other members of the CXC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL11

Chemotactic Factors. Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract macrophages. They may be ...

http://molecularstation.com/chemotactic-factors/

Over the years a wealth of information has evolved concerning the mechanism of leukocyte locomotion and factors with... ... Van Epps, D.E., Potter, J.W. and Durant, D.A. (1983). Production of a human T-lymphocyte chemotactic factor by T-cell ... Isolation of lymphocyte chemotactic factors from PPD-induced delayed hypersensitivity skin reaction site in the guinea pig, ... 1982). A human lymphocyte chemotactic factor produced by the mixed lymphocyte reaction. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 100, 558-565.Google ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-349-07834-9_14

Eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, ... eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis in Medicine Expand. eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis n. Abbr. ECF-A A ...

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/eosinophil-chemotactic-factor-of-anaphylaxis

... macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) synonyms, macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) pronunciation, macrophage chemotactic factor ... English dictionary definition of macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF). n. Any of various large, phagocytic white blood cells ... Related to macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF): neutrophil chemotactic factor mac·ro·phage. (măk′rə-fāj′). n.. Any of various ... Macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) - definition of macrophage chemotactic factor (MCF) by The Free Dictionary https://www. ...

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/macrophage+chemotactic+factor+

... chemotactic factor(s) (alveolar macrophage-derived chemotactic factor[s] [AMCF]) with relatively more activity for neutrophils ... Checker-board analysis of the AMCF revealed that the factor was primarily chemotactic and not chemokinetic for neutrophils. The ... Human Alveolar Macrophage-derived Chemotactic Factor for Neutrophils: STIMULI AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION. ... Human Alveolar Macrophage-derived Chemotactic Factor for Neutrophils: STIMULI AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION. ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/109878/scanned-page/473

Molecular cloning of a novel receptor (CMKLR1) with homology to the chemotactic factor receptors.. Gantz I1, Konda Y, Yang YK, ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8976386?dopt=Abstract

The enhanced PMN response resulting from exposure to chemotactic factor was observed with several chemotactic stimuli, ... Exposure of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to chemotactic factor, as well as the migration of PMN through a 5-μm pore ... Enhancement of Neutrophil Function as a Result of Prior Exposure to Chemotactic Factor. ... Enhancement of Neutrophil Function as a Result of Prior Exposure to Chemotactic Factor. ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/109841/pdf

eosinophil chemotactic factor help. Discussion of all aspects of cellular structure, physiology and communication. ... about the eosinophil chemotactic factor. I was wondering if someone could point me in the right direction for a few answers. My ... 1. Name of signal (I assume this is obvious: Eosinophil chemotactic peptide). 2. Type of signal (peptide?). 3. Mode of signal ...

https://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/viewtopic.php?t=17470&p=116746&hilit=Chemotaxis

Dirofilaria immitis neutrophil chemotactic factor: aa sequence given in first source; isolated from the adult worm; GenBank ... Dirofilaria immitis neutrophil chemotactic factor. Subscribe to New Research on Dirofilaria immitis neutrophil chemotactic ...

http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC083690-Dirofilaria-immitis-neutrophil-chemotactic-factor.do

eosinophil chemotactic factor help. Discussion of all aspects of cellular structure, physiology and communication. ... eosinophil chemotactic factor help. by relamberth » Tue Dec 01, 2009 11:23 pm ... about the eosinophil chemotactic factor. I was wondering if someone could point me in the right direction for a few answers. My ... 1. Name of signal (I assume this is obvious: Eosinophil chemotactic peptide). 2. Type of signal (peptide?). 3. Mode of signal ...

http://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/post-116759.html

What is Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor? Meaning of Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor as a finance term. What does Eosinophil ... Definition of Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor in the Financial Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. ... Related to Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor: neutrophil chemotactic factor, eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis ... factor. (redirected from Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor). Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Acronyms, ...

https://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Eosinophil+Chemotactic+Factor

annotations (the reliablity of the annotated protein expression using immunohistochemically (IH) stained on human tissues, the reliablity of the annotated protein expression in immunofluorescently (IF) stained human cell lines, tissue specificity (the distribution of antibody staining or protein expression in human cell types), cell line specificity (the distribution of RNA abundance in cell lines) and subcellular location (based on immunofluorescent staining of cell lines ...

http://www.proteinatlas.org/search/protein_class:Chemokines%20and%20chemotactic%20factors%20receptors

Human endothelial cells produced a neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) upon stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- ... Endothelial cell gene expression of a neutrophil chemotactic factor by TNF-alpha, LPS, and IL-1 beta ... Endothelial cell gene expression of a neutrophil chemotactic factor by TNF-alpha, LPS, and IL-1 beta ... Endothelial cell gene expression of a neutrophil chemotactic factor by TNF-alpha, LPS, and IL-1 beta ...

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/243/4897/1467

Monocyte chemotactic factor produced by large vessel endothelial cells in vitro.. J A Berliner, M Territo, L Almada, A Carter, ... Monocyte chemotactic factor produced by large vessel endothelial cells in vitro.. J A Berliner, M Territo, L Almada, A Carter, ... Monocyte chemotactic factor produced by large vessel endothelial cells in vitro.. J A Berliner, M Territo, L Almada, A Carter, ... Cultured rabbit aortic and human carotid artery endothelial cells produced a factor that was chemotactic for monocytes but not ...

http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/6/3/254

If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Centers RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.. ...

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... chemotactic and oxidative responses to the chemotactic factor formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe). Evidence was ... Chemotactic Factor-Induced Recruitment and Activation of Tec Family Kinases in Human Neutrophils. II. Effects of LFM-A13, a ... Chemotactic Factor-Induced Recruitment and Activation of Tec Family Kinases in Human Neutrophils. II. Effects of LFM-A13, a ... Chemotactic Factor-Induced Recruitment and Activation of Tec Family Kinases in Human Neutrophils. II. Effects of LFM-A13, a ...

http://www.jimmunol.org/content/170/10/5235.long

Antagonists of chemotactic factors may represent a new approach to the in vivo suppression of leukotactic factor-mediated ... Inhibition of in Vivo and in Vitro Neutrophil Responses to Chemotactic Factors by a Competitive Antagonist. Joseph T. ... This inhibitor was studied for its effects on the following chemotactic factor-induced PMN functions: a) chemotaxis, b) granule ... Inhibition of in Vivo and in Vitro Neutrophil Responses to Chemotactic Factors by a Competitive Antagonist ...

https://www.jimmunol.org/content/120/4/1326?ijkey=d182e7d76cbb1f804a0741662c76fd3547999e08&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

BRAK/CXCL14 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Angiogenesis and a Chemotactic Factor for Immature Dendritic Cells. Thomas D. ... BRAK/CXCL14 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Angiogenesis and a Chemotactic Factor for Immature Dendritic Cells ... BRAK/CXCL14 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Angiogenesis and a Chemotactic Factor for Immature Dendritic Cells ... BRAK/CXCL14 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Angiogenesis and a Chemotactic Factor for Immature Dendritic Cells ...

https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/64/22/8262

The preincubation of rabbit neutrophils with the chemotactic factor F-Met-Leu-Phe and the subsequent addition of cytochalasin B ... Chemotactic Factors / pharmacology*. Cytochalasin B / pharmacology*. Lysosomes / enzymology. Muramidase / secretion. ... The chemotactic factors induced movement of calcium and sodium across rabbit neutrophil membranes: effect of densensitization ... 0/Chemotactic Factors; 14930-96-2/Cytochalasin B; 7440-23-5/Sodium; 7440-70-2/Calcium; EC 3.2.1.17/Muramidase ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/chemotactic-factors-induced-movement-calcium/511943.html

... of the chemotactic activity could be recovered in the aqueous phase. This indicates that the major chemotactic factor in these ... Chemotactic factors. To determine whether the chemotactic activity in Lyme disease synovial fluids could be attributed to C5a, ... Chemotactic factors in Lyme disease synovial fluid. A, Effect of immunoadsorption with antibody to C5a on the chemotactic ... Neutrophil chemotactic factors in synovial fluids of patients with lyme disease.. код для вставки. код для вставки на сайт или ...

https://www.docme.ru/doc/2169577/neutrophil-chemotactic-factors-in-synovial-fluids-of-pati..

Stimulation of human neutrophil leukocyte aerobic glucose metabolism by purified chemotactic factors. J Clin Invest. 1974 Feb; ... Stimulation of human neutrophil leukocyte aerobic glucose metabolism by purified chemotactic factors. ... Stimulation of human neutrophil leukocyte aerobic glucose metabolism by purified chemotactic factors. ...

https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/996372

... growth factors, and cytokines, resulting in an increased ability to respond to a variety of chemotactic factors. ... growth factors, and cytokines, resulting in an increased ability to respond to a variety of chemotactic factors. ... Abca1−/− macrophages also exhibit a greater ability to respond to a variety of chemotactic factors. The results from these ... Increased Cholesterol Deposition, Expression of Scavenger Receptors, and Response to Chemotactic Factors in Abca1-Deficient ...

http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/25/6/1198

... ... platelet-derived growth factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), or fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) on the ... Although many chemotactic factors have been investigated for different mesenchymal stem cells, their effect on SCAP migration ... G-CSF appears to be well suited to be further investigated as a key chemotactic factor in cell homing-based regenerative ...

https://insights.ovid.com/jendo/201708000/00004770-201708000-00012

Generation of a factor chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes ... Chemotactic factor to polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the human lens 6. chemotactic factor in low molecular weight fractions. ... "Endotoxoids" deficient in complement-firing activity were also deficient in chemotactic factor generation. Chemotactic factor ... The relationship of the chemotactic behavior of the complement-derived factors, C3a, C5a, and C567, and a bacterial chemotactic ...

https://eurekamag.com/research/043/434/043434219.php

... alveolar macrophage-derived chemotactic factor for airway epithelial cells.However, the significant chemotactic activity has ... 1)Bronchial epithelial cells release fibronectin as a chemotactic factor for mast cells.. We cultured bovine bronchial ... The chemotactic activity was then purified by three serial column chromatographies using HPLC,and finally identified as bovine ... The supernatant had significantly more chemotactic activity for the rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2H3) cells and rat peritoneal ...

https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05670519/

Neutrophil chemotactic factors in the tears of giant papillary conjunctivitis patients. S A Elgebaly; P C Donshik; F Rahhal; W ... Neutrophil chemotactic factors in the tears of giant papillary conjunctivitis patients. You will receive an email whenever this ... S A Elgebaly, P C Donshik, F Rahhal, W Williams; Neutrophil chemotactic factors in the tears of giant papillary conjunctivitis ... This study was designed to determine the presence of neutrophil chemotactic factors in the tears of patients with giant ...

https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2178668

... chemotactic factors, and adhesion molecules. One key element is the in vivo movement of T cells that express LFA-1 into the ... and adds recent results dealing with coordinate regulation at the gene-transcriptional level of keratinocyte chemotactic factor ... The role of adhesion molecules, chemotactic factors, and cytokines in inflammatory and neoplastic skin disease--1990 update.. @ ... article{Nickoloff1990TheRO, title={The role of adhesion molecules, chemotactic factors, and cytokines in inflammatory and ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-role-of-adhesion-molecules%2C-chemotactic-and-in-Nickoloff-Griffiths/0252b11816ee141a2f89d9559a59d3e529648a77

Find out information about eosinophil chemotactic factor. A peptide released from mast cell granules that stimulates chemotaxis ... Related to eosinophil chemotactic factor: neutrophil chemotactic factor, eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis ... Eosinophil chemotactic factor , Article about eosinophil chemotactic factor by The Free Dictionary https://encyclopedia2. ... a href=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/eosinophil+chemotactic+factor,eosinophil chemotactic factor,/a,. *Facebook ...

http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Eosinophil+Chemotactic+Factor

This lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor for fibroblasts (LDCF-F) is different from the lymphokine that is chemotactic for ... The chemotactic attraction of human fibroblasts to a lymphocyte-derived factor. A E Postlethwaite , A E Postlethwaite ... The fibroblast chemotactic factor is heat stable (56 degrees C for 30 min), trypsin sensitive, and neuraminidase resistant. ... A E Postlethwaite, R Snyderman, A H Kang; The chemotactic attraction of human fibroblasts to a lymphocyte-derived factor.. J ...

https://rupress.org/jem/article/144/5/1188/22075/The-chemotactic-attraction-of-human-fibroblasts-to

The majority of research in this area has centred on the chemotactic response of neutrophils (PMN) and to a lesser extent on the response of monocytes and macrophages. (springer.com)
Activation of human neutrophils with 1-0-hexadecyl/octadecyl-2-acetyl-Sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (platelet activating factor). (springer.com)
To evaluate the potential role of alveolar macrophages in modulating the migration of neutrophils to the lung, normal human alveolar macrophages obtained from volunteers by bronchopulmonary lavage, were exposed for various periods of time in vitro to heat-killed microorganisms, and noninfectious particulates, immune complexes, and the macrophage supernates were evaluated for chemotactic activity. (jci.org)
After incubation with each of these stimuli, alveolar macrophages released low molecular weight (400-600) chemotactic factor(s) (alveolar macrophage-derived chemotactic factor[s] [AMCF]) with relatively more activity for neutrophils than monocytes or eosinophils. (jci.org)
Checker-board analysis of the AMCF revealed that the factor was primarily chemotactic and not chemokinetic for neutrophils. (jci.org)
These studies suggest that a wide variety of potentially pathogenic stimuli induce normal alveolar macrophages to generate a low molecular weight chemotactic factor(s) that preferentially attracts neutrophils. (jci.org)
Cultured rabbit aortic and human carotid artery endothelial cells produced a factor that was chemotactic for monocytes but not for neutrophils. (ahajournals.org)
Chemotactic Factor-Induced Recruitment and Activation of Tec Family Kinases in Human Neutrophils. (jimmunol.org)
Tyrosine phosphorylation events play major roles in the initiation and regulation of several functional responses of human neutrophils stimulated by chemotactic factors such as the bacterially derived tripeptide formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe). (jimmunol.org)
The activation of the human polymorphonuclear neutrophils by the vast majority of the agents inducing its directed migration to sites of injury or infection (chemotactic factors and chemokines) is mediated by their interaction with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) 3 ( 1 ). (jimmunol.org)
Of particular relevance to the subject of the present investigation, stimulation of human neutrophils by chemotactic factors has very recently been observed to be associated with the translocation and activation of the PH domain-containing tyrosine kinases of the Tec family termed Tec, Btk and Bmx ( 16 ). (jimmunol.org)
Carbobenzoxy-phenylalanyl-methionine (CBZ-Phe-Met) is an inhibitor (antagonist) of the binding to the receptor on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) for a series of synthetic chemotactic oligopeptides. (jimmunol.org)
The preincubation of rabbit neutrophils with the chemotactic factor F-Met-Leu-Phe and the subsequent addition of cytochalasin B has previously been shown to induce a time, concentration and calcium dependent loss of secretory responsiveness in neutrophils. (biomedsearch.com)
In addition, these results provide information about the sequence of events involved in the cytochalasin B and chemotactic factor induced release of lysosomal enzymes in neutrophils. (biomedsearch.com)
The smoke extract contained culture supernatant contained significantly more chemotactic activity for human peripheral blood-derived neutrophils compared with the supernatant without smoke extract. (nii.ac.jp)
Although numerous biological activities have been assigned to these molecules, a common theme is their ability to stimulate the chemotactic migration of distinct sets of cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts. (nih.gov)
Cytokines, such as granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-8 attract neutrophils into inflammatory sites. (mdc-berlin.de)
After the LPS injection, changes in the concentration of CINC/gro, chemotactic activity, and the number of neutrophils in the air pouch exudate were determined. (core.ac.uk)
The chemotactic activity of neutrophils was augmented before practical neutrophil infiltration. (core.ac.uk)
KAY, A B . / CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR-INDUCED LOW-DENSITY NEUTROPHILS EXPRESS ENHANCED COMPLEMENT (CR-1 AND CR3) RECEPTORS AND INCREASED COMPLEMENT-DEPENDENT CYTOTOXICITY . (elsevier.com)
Neutrophils are first in infiltrating infection sites and could act either favoring or protecting against infection, depending on factors such as the genetic background of the host or the parasite species. (frontiersin.org)
IL-8 is a chemotactic factor that attracts neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells, but not monocytes. (abcam.com)
and factors released from dead neutrophils in the exudate. (brainscape.com)
To test the effect of the chicken soup, the researchers separated the chemotactic factors and neutrophils in a lab. (webmd.com)
After mixing the soup with the neutrophils, they checked to see whether it stopped the cells' tendency to move toward the chemotactic factors. (webmd.com)

Monocyte chemotactic peptide receptor: Functional characteristics and ligand-induced regulation. (springer.com)
A peptide chemotactic for eosinophils and released from disrupted mast cells. (dictionary.com)
Treatment with carboxypeptidase and trypsin resulted in inhibition of chemotactic activity, indicating that the factor is a peptide. (ahajournals.org)
The chemotactic activity was heat-sensitive and was not inhibited by antibody to C5a or antibody to interleukin-8, or by a competitive inhibitor of the chemotactic peptide f-Met-Leu-Phe. (docme.ru)
MDNCF is a human monocyte-derived, 72-residue chemotactic peptide, which has sequence similarity with members of a family of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (elsevier.com)
The peptide was synthesized by the solid-phase method, and is identical to the natural peptide in amino acid composition, sequence and chemotactic potency. (elsevier.com)
The chemotactic response to the synthetic chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), was unimpaired. (elsevier.com)
The ratio of epidermal growth factor to monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 in the urine predicts renal prognosis in IgA nephropathy. (unifg.it)
The aim of this study was to determine if measurements of urinary epidermal growth factor (EGF) and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP-1), at the time of renal biopsy, were a predictor of end-stage renal disease ( ESRD) in a cohort of 132 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN. (unifg.it)
N-Formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF, fMLP or N-formyl-met-leu-phe) is an N-formylated tripeptide and sometimes simply referred to as chemotactic peptide is a potent polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotactic factor and is also a macrophage activator. (wikipedia.org)
In this study, it is shown that a classic chemotactic factor, the bacterial chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenyl-alanine (fMLF), rapidly induced a protein-kinase-C-mediated serine phosphorylation and down-regulation of the chemokine receptor CCR5, which serves as a major human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 coreceptor. (bloodjournal.org)
6-10 Human monocytes express a wide variety of 7-transmembrane (STM), G-protein-coupled chemoattractant receptors including chemokine receptors and the receptors for classic chemotactic factors such as the bacterial chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF), activated complement component 5 (C5a), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4). (bloodjournal.org)
Since monocyte recruitment and activation under inflammatory conditions are probably the result of a concerted reaction to multiple stimulants, we investigated the effects of cell activation by bacterial chemotactic peptide on the expression and function of CCR5. (bloodjournal.org)
This study shows that CCR5 in monocytes can be rapidly phosphorylated and subsequently desensitized by stimulation of the cells with the bacterial chemotactic peptide fMLF, causing reduced cell susceptibility to HIV-1 entry and infection. (bloodjournal.org)

In some cases, the aim was targeting parasite-derived orthologues of mammalian cytokines and growth factors known to have functions in immune modulation. (nih.gov)
How- BRIEF REPORTS ever, platelet-activating factor (PAF), leukotrienes, such as leukotriene B, (LTB,), and certain cytokines have also been shown to be chemoattractants for PMN in the joint fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (6-9). (docme.ru)
Macrophages isolated from Abca1-deficient mice have an increase in cholesterol content, expression of scavenger receptors, and secretion of chemokines, growth factors, and cytokines, resulting in an increased ability to respond to a variety of chemotactic factors. (ahajournals.org)
The role of adhesion molecules, chemotactic factors, and cytokines in inflammatory and neoplastic skin disease--1990 update. (semanticscholar.org)
More is now known about trafficking of inflammatory cells in the skin, with specific molecular details involving various cytokines, chemotactic factors, and adhesion molecules. (semanticscholar.org)
The unbound 35% probably represents chemotactic activity of other cytokines in the culture fluid. (elsevier.com)
When comparing the levels of plasma growth factors, chemokines and cytokines, plasma levels of monocyte chemotactic protein 3 (MCP-3), and beta-nerve growth factor (β-NGF) in these two groups, they were found to be significantly higher in amnestic MCI patients than in non-amnestic MCI patients, after adjusting for age and gender. (touqikan.com)
Human monocytes expressed MCP-1 and IL-8 mRNAs when stimulated by human recombinant IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, suggesting that these inflammatory cytokines induced by SPA might participate in the production of chemotactic factors in human monocytes. (elsevier.com)
Yamaguchi, N , Yamashita, Y , Ikeda, D & Koga, T 1996, ' Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotype b-specific polysaccharide antigen stimulates production of chemotactic factors and inflammatory cytokines by human monocytes ', Infection and Immunity , 巻. (elsevier.com)
The suppressive effect exerted by etanercept on cytokines, such as interleukin- (IL-)6, IL-12, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), was more evident than that of others. (hindawi.com)

In many cases, specific receptors for these various chemotactic factors have been defined on both PMNs and monocytes (6-10). (springer.com)
Heterogeneity of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte receptors for leukotriene B4: Identification of a subset of high affinity receptors that transduce the chemotactic response. (springer.com)
Molecular cloning of a novel receptor (CMKLR1) with homology to the chemotactic factor receptors. (nih.gov)
Pertussis toxin modification of a membrane protein of PMNL analogous to Gi thus simultaneously alters chemotactic receptors and attenuates the changes in cytosolic calcium concentration and PMNL function caused by chemotactic factors. (escholarship.org)
MSCs have been shown to migrate to sites of injury and inflammation in response to soluble mediators including the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-(SDF-)1, but during in vitro culture expansion MSCs lose surface expression of key homing receptors particularly of the SDF-1 receptor, CXCR4. (hindawi.com)
fMLF led to the first discovery of a leukocyte receptor for a chemotactic factor, defined three different types of fMLF receptors that have complementary and/or opposing effects on inflammatory responses as well as many other activities, and helped define the stimulus-response coupling mechanisms by which diverse chemotactic factors and their G protein coupled receptors induce cellular function. (wikipedia.org)
Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) have been implicated in the control of migration in the telencephalon, but the mechanism underlying their contribution is unclear. (biologists.org)
Research encompasses a wide spectrum of experimental approaches, from the structural determination of immune receptors to the live cell image analysis of the behavior of chemotactic receptors. (nih.gov)

This inhibitor was studied for its effects on the following chemotactic factor-induced PMN functions: a) chemotaxis, b) granule enzyme release, c) cellular aggregation, and d) in vivo induction of neutropenia. (jimmunol.org)
Chemotactic factors stimulate a rapid increase in the cytosolic concentration of intracellular calcium ions ([Ca2+]in) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), which may be an event that is critical to the expression of chemotaxis and other PMNL functions. (escholarship.org)

Various naturally occurring and synthetic chemotactic factors for PMNs and monocytes have been described and they include complement fragments such as C5a (1), products of arachidonic acid metabolism such as leukotriene B 4 (2), as well as other cell-derived lipids, such as acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine (platelet activating factor) (3). (springer.com)
Peripheral monocytes obtained from hypercholesterolemic patients demonstrate increased adhesion to the endothelium 1-3 and an increased chemotactic response to chemokines. (ahajournals.org)
6 Additional reports 7,8 suggest that plasma lipoproteins differentially control monocyte function, and that monocytes from hypercholesterolemic subjects are hyper-responsive to chemotactic stimuli, suggesting a close relationship between plasma lipids and monocyte function. (ahajournals.org)
This lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor for fibroblasts (LDCF-F) is different from the lymphokine that is chemotactic for monocytes or macrophages. (rupress.org)
RANTES is a member of the 8-kDa cytokine family that has been shown to possess chemotactic activity for monocytes and CD4 T cells. (utmb.edu)
SPA induced the release of monocyte and leukocyte chemotactic factors by human monocytes. (elsevier.com)
Human monocytes stimulated with SPA exhibited the increased mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and a neutrophil chemotactic factor, interleukin-8 (IL-8). (elsevier.com)

Because alveolar macrophages are normal residents of alveoli, it is likely that by releasing this factor(s) macrophages play a significant role in amplifying the inflammatory processes seen in many acute and chronic lung diseases. (jci.org)
These changes, together with the proinflammatory condition present in ABCA1-deficient mice and increased reactivity of macrophages to chemotactic factors, play a key role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. (ahajournals.org)
A low molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) which has previously been found within mast cells and polymorphonuclear cells is shown to be released from highly purified rat peritoneal macrophages on exposure to the calcium ionophore A 23187 or after phagocytosis of zymosan coated with complement (Z x). (naver.com)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), oncostatin M (OSM), and granulocyte chemotactic protein-2 (GCP-2/CXCL6) are up-regulated in U937 macrophages and peripheral blood macrophages exposed to LPS, beta-adrenergic receptor (ß2-AR) agonists (e.g. zilpaterol, and clenbuterol) and some other agents that induce intracellular cAMP (prostaglandin E2, forskolin, and butyryl cAMP). (wur.nl)
Defective chemotactic response of human alveolar and colostral macrophages. (nih.gov)
When such fibers reach the alveoli (air sacs) in the lung, where oxygen is transferred into the blood, the foreign bodies (asbestos fibers) cause the activation of the lungs' local immune system and provoke an inflammatory reaction dominated by lung macrophages that respond to chemotactic factors activated by the fibers. (wikipedia.org)

RANTES elicited 65% of the chemotactic response to 10 -7 M platelet-activating factor in all experiments. (utmb.edu)
Compared to PMN from normal rabbits, peripheral blood PMN from rabbits injected with endotoxin showed diminished chemotactic responsiveness to two endogenous peptides, C5a (complement) and platelet-derived growth factor, and to two endogenous lipids, leukotriene B 4 and platelet-activating factor. (elsevier.com)

Specific receptor sites for chemotactic peptides on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (springer.com)
Exposure of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to chemotactic factor, as well as the migration of PMN through a 5-μm pore-size membrane, results in a PMN population with enhanced chemiluminescence, enhanced capacity for superoxide anion production, and increased Escherichia coli bactericidal activity. (jci.org)
Pertussis toxin inhibition of chemotactic factor-induced calcium mobilization and function in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (escholarship.org)
Using a Boyden chemotactic assay, we studied the effect of freezing and lyophilization of rabbit corneas on the in vitro release of chemotactic factors for both polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and keratocytes. (elsevier.com)

2)Cigarette smoke stimulates release of neutrophil chemotactic activity from cultured bovine bronchial epithelial cells. (nii.ac.jp)
Publications] Shoji S, Erfl RF, Robbins R, etal: 'Cigarette smoke stimulates releve of neutrophil chemotactic activity from cultured bovine bronchial epithelial cells' Clinical Science. (nii.ac.jp)
To investigate the mechanism, we measured the neutrophil chemotactic activity of the sera. (elsevier.com)

This study describes previously unreported expression patterns of lymphangiogenic growth factors and chemokines in conjunctival melanoma, as well as previously unreported lymphatic vessel growth patterns in this tumor. (lww.com)
We investigated the associations between the plasma levels of growth factors and chemokines that regulate myeloid cell homeostasis and function and the risk of first-time acute coronary events in middle-aged persons. (lu.se)

The enhanced PMN response resulting from exposure to chemotactic factor was observed with several chemotactic stimuli, including a mixture of casein and autologous serum, chemotactic C5 fragment, and formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucine-l-phenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe). (jci.org)

Should the Bovine Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor (ECF) ELISA Kit is proven to show malperformance, you will receive a refund or a free replacement. (pharmas-eu.org)

The factor was produced in both serum-containing and serumless media. (ahajournals.org)
A major chemotactic factor for PMN is the activated fifth component of complement, C5a, formed in serum by its interaction with immune complexes (7). (docme.ru)
The present study sought to determine whether the generation of chemotactic factor by endotoxin in serum was dependent upon complement system activation. (eurekamag.com)
Preheating serum, incubating at 0 degrees C, or incubating in the presence of EDTA, all prevented chemotactic factor generation as well as complement fixation by endotoxin. (eurekamag.com)
These experiments demonstrate that generation of chemotactic factor by endotoxin in serum is dependent upon C' system activation involving at least C'5. (eurekamag.com)
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Bovine Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor (ECF) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids. (pharmas-eu.org)
Chemotactic activity was not detected in the glycogen-induced peritoneal exudates of rats depleted of serum complement by cobra venom factor. (meta.org)
Interleukin- (IL-)1, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α , have been found to be elevated in the serum of KD patients [ 16 - 19 ]. (hindawi.com)

Each of these functions when induced by the chemotactic tripeptides (formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or formyl-methionyl-methionyl-methionine) was inhibited by the antagonist. (jimmunol.org)

Monocyte chemotactic factor produced by large vessel endothelial cells in vitro. (ahajournals.org)
We conclude that large vessel endothelial cells produce a monocyte chemotactic factor that is increased after exposure of the cells to beta-VLDL. (ahajournals.org)
Polymyxin B had almost no effect on the release of monocyte chemotactic factor, but a monoclonal antibody against SPA markedly inhibited it. (elsevier.com)

We found that RANTES is chemotactic for eosinophils at 10 -9 to 10 -8 M concentrations. (utmb.edu)
Thus, we established that RANTES is a chemotactic and activating factor for eosinophils. (utmb.edu)
Immature eosinophils with donut-type ring nuclei were generally observed in those extra-medulla hemopoietic foci, whereas mature eosinophil with polymorphic nuclei were generally observed in the eosinophilic granulomatous lesions, indicating that those eosinophils were recruited there by chemotactic factors. (nii.ac.jp)

Application of this technique has revealed that peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated by antigen or mitogen in vitro produce a factor that is chemotactic for human dermal fibroblasts. (rupress.org)
Objective]To evaluate the effects of anthocyanin cyanidin-3-o-β- glucoside (Cy-3-g)on monocyte migra-tion mediated by platelet derived factors in vitro . (bvsalud.org)
In these two respects, the factor generated in vivo has the same properties as a previously described chemotactic factor that can be generated in vitro by proteolysis of purified C5 or C5a. (meta.org)

fMLF is the prototypical representative of the N-formylated oligopeptide family of chemotactic factors. (wikipedia.org)

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent chemokine produced by a wide variety of cells during the course of an inflammatory response. (elsevier.com)
In this study, we elucidated the effects of berberine, a major alkaloid component contained in medicinal herbs, such as Phellodendri Cortex and Coptidis Rhizoma , on expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. (springer.com)
Conversely, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 had the strongest independent positive association with the outcome. (lu.se)
Conclusions-High levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and low levels of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in plasma characterize middle-aged persons at low risk to develop clinically manifested coronary artery disease. (lu.se)
The quantity of chemotactic activity and the period of time during which it could be detected correlated with the inflammatory reaction, measured by the cellular composition of the exudates and their content of protein and lysosomal enzymes. (meta.org)
Platelet factor 4 has a high affinity for HEPARIN and is often found complexed with GLYCOPROTEINS such as PROTEIN C. (harvard.edu)

An eosinophil leukocyte chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis. (naver.com)

The title of this project is 'alveolar macrophage-derived chemotactic factor for airway epithelial cells'.However, the significant chemotactic activity has not been identified in spite of the continuous and many experiments after all. (nii.ac.jp)
We found a strong independent negative association between macrophage colony-stimulating factor and incident coronary events in a forward stepwise Cox proportional hazards model including all biomarkers alongside the classic Framingham risk factors (age, sex, smoking, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure), diabetes mellitus, and medication. (lu.se)

Human monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF) was purified from culture supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes on a column of Sepharose-bound murine monoclonal anti-MDNCF. (elsevier.com)

The following proangiogenic factors were examined: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12). (mdpi.com)

Medium from cultures of rabbit aortic, human carotid artery, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells previously exposed to beta migrating very low density lipoprotein (beta-VLDL) had substantially more chemotactic activity than medium from untreated cells or cells exposed to low density lipoprotein. (ahajournals.org)
beta-VLDL alone had no chemotactic activity. (ahajournals.org)
Lastly, SCAP differentiation into a mineralizing phenotype was evaluated in the presence or absence of the tested factors by quantitative alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase activity. (ovid.com)
Endotoxoids" deficient in complement-firing activity were also deficient in chemotactic factor generation. (eurekamag.com)
The supernatant had significantly more chemotactic activity for the rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2H3) cells and rat peritoneal mast cells compared with the culture medium. (nii.ac.jp)
The chemotactic activity was then purified by three serial column chromatographies using HPLC,and finally identified as bovine fibronectin. (nii.ac.jp)
Chemotactic activity was measured using modified Boyden chambers and the chemoattractant formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-MLP) for 100 percent response. (arvojournals.org)
Chemotactic activity was released by both live and dead (frozen and thawed) cell suspensions of PMN, MN, and fibroblasts, suggesting that these cells were major sources of the chemotaxins produced by the SM lesion explants. (elsevier.com)
Explants of normal skin produced considerable chemotactic activity for MN, but not for PMN. (elsevier.com)
Chemotactic activity for PMN, and the release of LTB 4 , IL-8 and proteases cleaving C5 to C5a, occurred only in explants infiltrated by leukocytes. (elsevier.com)
Reduction and alkylation eliminated chemotactic activity. (elsevier.com)
The incubating media was then collected and tested for chemotactic activity using homologous PMNs and keratocytes. (elsevier.com)
Using a Zigmond-Hirsch checkerboard analysis, the migration activity was demonstrated to be in response to a chemotactic factor rather than to a chemokinetic agent. (elsevier.com)
Heat inactivation of media derived from corneal stroma abolished the chemotactic activity for PMNs but resulted in only a 20% decrease in the migration activity for keratocytes. (elsevier.com)
More than half of the chemotactic activity was neutralized by the antisera. (core.ac.uk)
The time kinetics of the level of CINC/gro coincided with the changes in chemotactic activity. (core.ac.uk)
About 65% of the culture fluid chemotactic activity was bound to the column. (elsevier.com)
When this material was applied to an HPLC-CM column, gradient elution produced four well-separated A 280 peaks, each of which had chemotactic activity. (elsevier.com)
When eosinophil chemotactic activity of the culture supernatants of the granulomatous lesions fr … More om S. japonicum or S. mekongi-infected mice, the peak of the eosinophil chemotactic activity was observed at 6 week and at 15 wk post-infection, in S. japonicum infection and in S. mekongi infection, respectively. (nii.ac.jp)

Chemotactic factor could not be generated by endotoxin in sera of mice congenitally deficient in the C'S component of complement, while chemotactic factor was generated by endotoxin in the sera of coisogenic mice with normal complement levels for that species. (eurekamag.com)
Furthermore, the relatively low molecular weight of this factor suggests that it might be derived from activation of a single complement component rather than from complexing of multiple complement components. (eurekamag.com)

These results further strengthen the relationship between all four chemotactic factor-induced PMN responses and suggest that these chemotactic tripeptides induce each response by interacting with a single receptor. (jimmunol.org)

The mechanism(s) whereby dyslipidemia and other atherosclerotic risk factors influence monocyte phenotype, migration, adhesion, and differentiation is less clear. (ahajournals.org)
Although many chemotactic factors have been investigated for different mesenchymal stem cells, their effect on SCAP migration and differentiation is not fully understood. (ovid.com)
This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effect of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), or fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) on the migration and differentiation of SCAPs. (ovid.com)
Maximum migration was observed with G-CSF or FGF-2, which was significantly greater than the effects observed by the other tested factors. (ovid.com)
Chemotactic migration and lysosomal enzyme release elicited by chemotactic factors were inhibited by pertussis toxin with a concentration-dependence similar to that for inhibition of the increase in [Ca2+]in, without an effect on lysosomal enzyme release induced by the ionophore A23187 and phorbol myristate acetate. (escholarship.org)
To test the idea that EGFRs mediate chemotactic migration these pathways, we increased the size of the population of cells expressing threshold levels of EGFRs in vivo by viral transduction. (biologists.org)

1)Bronchial epithelial cells release fibronectin as a chemotactic factor for mast cells. (nii.ac.jp)
The treatment of isolated human endometriosis epithelial cells with estradiol, medroxyprogesterone acetate, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma stimulated measurable eotaxin secretion into the conditioned media. (biomedsearch.com)

These studies demonstrated that endothelial cells may participate in neutrophil-mediated inflammation by synthesizing a chemotactic factor in response to specific monokines and LPS. (sciencemag.org)
Subclinical intra-amniotic inflammation is a risk factor for pregnancy loss after mid-trimester amniocentesis. (elsevier.com)
Level of neutrophil chemotactic factor CINC/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, associated with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in rats. (core.ac.uk)

In the rat corneal micropocket assay, BRAK was a potent inhibitor of in vivo angiogenesis stimulated by multiple angiogenic factors, including interleukin 8, basic fibroblast growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. (aacrjournals.org)
They include agents like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and blood vessel fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF). (thefreedictionary.com)

ECF-L is the eosinophil chemotactic cytokine that belong to the chitinase family proteins. (nii.ac.jp)
In the present study, we identified the role of eosinophil chemotactic cytokine ECF-L in Schistosoma or Mesocestoides-infected mouse. (nii.ac.jp)

Human endothelial cells produced a neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) upon stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (sciencemag.org)

The chemotactic factors induced movement of calcium and sodium across rabbit neutrophil membranes: effect of densensitization to cytochalasin B. (biomedsearch.com)
Isolated rabbit bulbar conjunctiva incubated with culture medium for 4 and 6 hr released high levels of neutrophil chemotactic factors. (arvojournals.org)

A growth factor produced by the cell that stimulates the same cell to grow. (thefreedictionary.com)

Stimulation of human neutrophil leukocyte aerobic glucose metabolism by purified chemotactic factors. (harvard.edu)

One of the major chemotactic factors in Lyme disease synovial fluid had a calculated molecular weight of 13,900. (docme.ru)
Molecular sieve chromatography and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation demonstrated that the chemotactic factor was a relatively low molecular weight product (15,000-30,000) and as such different from previously scribed C' system-derived chemotactic factors. (eurekamag.com)
and high-molecular-weight kininogen, also called Fitzgerald , Flaujeac , or Williams factor , or contact activation cofactor . (thefreedictionary.com)
In gel filtration the chemotactic factor behaved mainly as a molecule having a molecular weight of approximately 6000 daltons. (meta.org)

The release of these factors from injured conjunctiva support the premise that physical trauma of conjunctival cells induced by contact lenses may be an important component of the pathophysiology of giant papillary conjunctivitis. (arvojournals.org)
On the other hand, SPA induced the release of IL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and enhanced the expression of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF alpha (TNF-α) mRNAs. (elsevier.com)
Future perspective would be the incorporation of HMGB1 into PCL polymer for the realization of a slow factor release. (mdpi.com)

Characterization of the role of candidate chemotactic factors in antifungal host defense in mice is then followed by human immunogenomics studies, in which genetic polymorphisms in the identified chemotactic factor genes are tested for correlating effects on biological function and for associations with candidiasis in patients. (nih.gov)

Interleukin-8: a potent neutrophil chemotactic factor. (bmj.com)

The fibroblast chemotactic factor is heat stable (56 degrees C for 30 min), trypsin sensitive, and neuraminidase resistant. (rupress.org)

Chemotactic response to human C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins. (springer.com)
Although B burgdorferi has been cultured from joint fluid and identified in synovial lesions in a few cases (1,5), the scarcity of organisms in the synovial lesions, the wide spectrum of joint involvement, and the slow response, if any, of chronic arthritis to antibiotic therapy suggest that host factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of Lyme arthritis (5). (docme.ru)
Our laboratory research focuses on 1) cellular and molecular factors that regulate the immune response against mucosal and invasive candidiasis and invasive aspergillosis in clinically relevant animal models and on 2) better understanding the genetic and immune defects that underlie enhanced susceptibility to mucocutaneous and invasive fungal infections in humans. (nih.gov)

The therapeutic efficacy of MSCs appears to be derived from their ability to secrete a wide array of bioactive molecules that are immune-modulatory, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic, chemotactic, or stimulatory of tissue regeneration [ 13 - 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, proangiogenic factors promote implant vascularization. (mdpi.com)
To functionalize the titanium with proangiogenic factors, polycaprolactone (PCL) coating can be used. (mdpi.com)

Anatomy21

Organisms5

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs83

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes23

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Health Care1

Non-serum-dependent chemotactic factors produced by Candida albicans stimulate chemotaxis by binding to the formyl peptide receptor on neutrophils and to an unknown receptor on macrophages. (1/1836)

Acetyl-CoA:1-O-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase is directly activated by p38 kinase. (2/1836)

Isolation of novel GRO genes and a phylogenetic analysis of the CXC chemokine subfamily in mammals. (3/1836)

Car: a cytoplasmic sensor responsible for arginine chemotaxis in the archaeon Halobacterium salinarum. (4/1836)

Rho-kinase in human neutrophils: a role in signalling for myosin light chain phosphorylation and cell migration. (5/1836)

Chemotactic, mitogenic, and angiogenic actions of UTP on vascular endothelial cells. (6/1836)

Deficiency of the hematopoietic cell-specific Rho family GTPase Rac2 is characterized by abnormalities in neutrophil function and host defense. (7/1836)

A functional granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor is required for normal chemoattractant-induced neutrophil activation. (8/1836)

Chemotactic Factors

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte

Complement C5

Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil

Neutrophils

Chemotaxis

N-Formylmethionine

N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine

Complement C5a

Interleukin-8

Carcinoma 256, Walker

Chemokines, C

Eosinophils

Leukotriene B4

Anaphylatoxins

Cytochalasin B

Monocytes

Zymosan

Leukocytes

Complement System Proteins

Isethionic Acid

Rabbits

Oligopeptides

Cell Movement

Cells, Cultured

Exudates and Transudates

Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins

Guinea Pigs

Macrophages

Esterases

Chemokine CCL2

Receptors, Complement

Cell Biology

Blood Protein Electrophoresis

Pheniramine

Receptors, Formyl Peptide

Chemokines, CXC

Ascitic Fluid

Anaphylaxis

Interleukin-1

Hexosephosphates

Colchicine

Time Factors

gamma-Globulins

Arthus Reaction

Chemokines

Togaviridae Infections

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine

Granulocytes

Chromatography, Gel

Lymphokines

Cell Adhesion

Chemokine CXCL1

Cell Aggregation

Arachidonic Acids

Platelet Activating Factor

Endotoxins

Micropore Filters

Depression, Chemical

Neutrophil Activation

Molecular Weight

Hypersensitivity, Delayed

Eosinophilia

Inflammation

Cell Migration Inhibition

Interleukin-16

Leukocyte Count

Glucuronidase

Skin

Culture Media, Conditioned

Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

Receptors, Fc

Isoflurophate

Superoxides

Microscopy, Interference

Immune Sera

Receptors, Complement 3b

Calcimycin

Muramidase

Chromatography