Chemokine cxcl9. Medical search

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for B-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR5 RECEPTORS.

A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON and is chemotactic for MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

A CXC chemokine that has stimulatory and chemotactic activities towards NEUTROPHILS. It has specificity for CXCR1 RECEPTORS and CXCR2 RECEPTORS.

A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON. It is a chemotactic factor for activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

A CXC chemokine with specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS. It has growth factor activities and is implicated as a oncogenic factor in several tumor types.

An INTEFERON-inducible CXC chemokine that is specific for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

Group of chemokines with paired cysteines separated by a different amino acid. CXC chemokines are chemoattractants for neutrophils but not monocytes.

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

Chemokine receptors that are specific for CXC CHEMOKINES.

A CXC chemokine that is predominantly expressed in EPITHELIAL CELLS. It has specificity for the CXCR2 RECEPTORS and is involved in the recruitment and activation of NEUTROPHILS.

CXCR receptors with specificity for CXCL12 CHEMOKINE. The receptors may play a role in HEMATOPOIESIS regulation and can also function as coreceptors for the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS.

CXCR receptors that are expressed on the surface of a number of cell types, including T-LYMPHOCYTES; NK CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; and a subset of B-LYMPHOCYTES. The receptors are activated by CHEMOKINE CXCL9; CHEMOKINE CXCL10; and CHEMOKINE CXCL11.

Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. They can be divided into at least three structural branches: C; (CHEMOKINES, C); CC; (CHEMOKINES, CC); and CXC; (CHEMOKINES, CXC); according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

A CC-type chemokine that is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS; MONOCYTES; and LYMPHOCYTES. It is a potent and selective eosinophil chemotaxin that is stored in and released from PLATELETS and activated T-LYMPHOCYTES. Chemokine CCL5 is specific for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR3 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS. The acronym RANTES refers to Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted.

CXCR receptors isolated initially from BURKITT LYMPHOMA cells. CXCR5 receptors are expressed on mature, recirculating B-LYMPHOCYTES and are specific for CHEMOKINE CXCL13.

High-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors for INTERLEUKIN-8 present on NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and T-LYMPHOCYTES. These receptors also bind several other CXC CHEMOKINES.

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. It has specificity for CCR2 RECEPTORS.

A CXC chemokine that is synthesized by activated MONOCYTES and NEUTROPHILS. It has specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards DENDRITIC CELLS and T-LYMPHOCYTES.

The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards TH2 CELLS and TC2 CELLS.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES; and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. It is synthesized by DENDRITIC CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; KERATINOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

A large group of structurally diverse cell surface receptors that mediate endocytic uptake of modified LIPOPROTEINS. Scavenger receptors are expressed by MYELOID CELLS and some ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, and were originally characterized based on their ability to bind acetylated LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. They can also bind a variety of other polyanionic ligand. Certain scavenger receptors can internalize micro-organisms as well as apoptotic cells.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards T LYMPHOCYTES and B LYMPHOCYTES.

A CX3C chemokine that is a transmembrane protein found on the surface of cells. The soluble form of chemokine CX3CL1 can be released from cell surface by proteolysis and act as a chemoattractant that may be involved in the extravasation of leukocytes into inflamed tissues. The membrane form of the protein may also play a role in cell adhesion.

Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils.

A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.

Ring compounds having atoms other than carbon in their nuclei. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.

A CXC chemokine that is found in the alpha granules of PLATELETS. The protein has a molecular size of 7800 kDa and can occur as a monomer, a dimer or a tetramer depending upon its concentration in solution. Platelet factor 4 has a high affinity for HEPARIN and is often found complexed with GLYCOPROTEINS such as PROTEIN C.

A monocyte chemoattractant protein that has activity towards a broad variety of immune cell types. Chemokine CCL7 has specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR2 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR6 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards DENDRITIC CELLS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; and B-LYMPHOCYTES.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

A CC-type chemokine secreted by activated MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for CCR8 RECEPTORS.

The diffusion or accumulation of neutrophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. It is constitutively expressed in the skin and may play a role in T-CELL trafficking during cutaneous INFLAMMATION.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; BASOPHILS; and NK CELLS.

CCR receptors with specificity for a broad variety of CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in MONOCYTES; tissue MACROPHAGES; NEUTROPHILS; and EOSINOPHILS.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL3; CHEMOKINE CCL4; and CHEMOKINE CCL5. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; and NK CELLS. The CCR5 receptor is used by the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS to infect cells.

A monocyte chemoattractant protein that attracts MONOCYTES; LYMPHOCYTES; BASOPHILS; and EOSINOPHILS. Chemokine CCL8 has specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Heparin-binding proteins that exhibit a number of inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. Originally identified as secretory products of MACROPHAGES, these chemokines are produced by a variety of cell types including NEUTROPHILS; FIBROBLASTS; and EPITHELIAL CELLS. They likely play a significant role in respiratory tract defenses.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL17 and CHEMOKINE CCL22. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; MAST CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; and NK CELLS.

High-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors for INTERLEUKIN-8 present on NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and BASOPHILS.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL11 and a variety of other CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; BASOPHILS; and MAST CELLS.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL27. They may play a specialized role in the cutaneous homing of LYMPHOCYTES.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL1. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

Cell surface proteins that bind cytokines and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.

Chemokines that are chemoattractants for monocytes. These CC chemokines (cysteines adjacent) number at least three including CHEMOKINE CCL2.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Chemokine receptors that are specific for CC CHEMOKINES.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

Group of chemokines with the first two cysteines separated by three amino acids. CX3C chemokines are chemotactic for natural killer cells, monocytes, and activated T-cells.

Chemical substances that attract or repel cells. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, microbial invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract LEUKOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; or other cells to the site of infection or insult.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL20. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Soluble mediators of the immune response that are neither antibodies nor complement. They are produced largely, but not exclusively, by monocytes and macrophages.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Cellular receptors that bind the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. Included are CD4 ANTIGENS, found on T4 lymphocytes, and monocytes/macrophages, which bind to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.

A blood group consisting mainly of the antigens Fy(a) and Fy(b), determined by allelic genes, the frequency of which varies profoundly in different human groups; amorphic genes are common.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated LEUKOCYTES or MACROPHAGES. Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

The endogenous compounds that mediate inflammation (AUTACOIDS) and related exogenous compounds including the synthetic prostaglandins (PROSTAGLANDINS, SYNTHETIC).

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

Ubiquitous, inducible, nuclear transcriptional activator that binds to enhancer elements in many different cell types and is activated by pathogenic stimuli. The NF-kappa B complex is a heterodimer composed of two DNA-binding subunits: NF-kappa B1 and relA.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ECF-A, released mainly by mast cells.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These cytokines influence B-cell development and antibody production as well as augmenting humoral responses.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete interleukin-2, gamma-interferon, and interleukin-12. Due to their ability to kill antigen-presenting cells and their lymphokine-mediated effector activity, Th1 cells are associated with vigorous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.

Proteins that specifically inhibit the growth of new blood vessels (ANGIOGENESIS, PHYSIOLOGIC).

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

The capacity of a normal organism to remain unaffected by microorganisms and their toxins. It results from the presence of naturally occurring ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, constitutional factors such as BODY TEMPERATURE and immediate acting immune cells such as NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.

A classification of T-lymphocytes, especially into helper/inducer, suppressor/effector, and cytotoxic subsets, based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.

The passage of cells across the layer of ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, i.e., the ENDOTHELIUM; or across the layer of EPITHELIAL CELLS, i.e. the EPITHELIUM.

Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients. (1/340)

Chemokines direct tissue invasion by specific leukocyte populations. Thus, chemokines may play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS), an idiopathic disorder in which the central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory reaction is largely restricted to mononuclear phagocytes and T cells. We asked whether specific chemokines were expressed in the CNS during acute demyelinating events by analyzing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), whose composition reflects the CNS extracellular space. During MS attacks, we found elevated CSF levels of three chemokines that act toward T cells and mononuclear phagocytes: interferon-gamma-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10); monokine induced by interferon-gamma (Mig); and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). We then investigated whether specific chemokine receptors were expressed by infiltrating cells in demyelinating MS brain lesions and in CSF. CXCR3, an IP-10/Mig receptor, was expressed on lymphocytic cells in virtually every perivascular inflammatory infiltrate in active MS lesions. CCR5, a RANTES receptor, was detected on lymphocytic cells, macrophages, and microglia in actively demyelinating MS brain lesions. Compared with circulating T cells, CSF T cells were significantly enriched for cells expressing CXCR3 or CCR5. Our results imply pathogenic roles for specific chemokine-chemokine receptor interactions in MS and suggest new molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. (+info)

The T cell-specific CXC chemokines IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC are expressed by activated human bronchial epithelial cells. (2/340)

Recruitment of activated T cells to mucosal surfaces, such as the airway epithelium, is important in host defense and for the development of inflammatory diseases at these sites. We therefore asked whether the CXC chemokines IFN-induced protein of 10 kDa (IP-10), monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig), and IFN-inducible T-cell alpha-chemoattractant (I-TAC), which specifically chemoattract activated T cells by signaling through the chemokine receptor CXCR3, were inducible in respiratory epithelial cells. The effects of proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-gamma (Th1-type cytokine), Th2-type cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13), and dexamethasone were studied in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEC) and in two human respiratory epithelial cell lines, A549 and BEAS-2B. We found that IFN-gamma, but not TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta, strongly induced IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC mRNA accumulation mainly in NHBEC and that TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta synergized with IFN-gamma induction in all three cell types. High levels of IP-10 protein (> 800 ng/ml) were detected in supernatants of IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha-stimulated NHBEC. Neither dexamethasone nor Th2 cytokines modulated IP-10, Mig, or I-TAC expression. Since IFN-gamma is up-regulated in tuberculosis (TB), using in situ hybridization we studied the expression of IP-10 in the airways of TB patients and found that IP-10 mRNA was expressed in the bronchial epithelium. In addition, IP-10-positive cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage were significantly increased in TB patients compared with normal controls. These results show that activated bronchial epithelium is an important source of IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC, which may, in pulmonary diseases such as TB (in which IFN-gamma is highly expressed) play an important role in the recruitment of activated T cells. (+info)

Gene expression and production of the monokine induced by IFN-gamma (MIG), IFN-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), and IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) chemokines by human neutrophils. (3/340)

Monokine induced by IFN-gamma (MIG), IFN-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), and IFN-gamma-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10) are related members of the CXC chemokine subfamily that bind to a common receptor, CXCR3, and that are produced by different cell types in response to IFN-gamma. We have recently reported that human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) have the capacity to release IP-10. Herein, we show that PMN also have the ability to produce MIG and to express I-TAC mRNA in response to IFN-gamma in combination with either TNF-alpha or LPS. While IFN-gamma, alone or in association with agonists such as fMLP, IL-8, granulocyte (G)-CSF and granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF, failed to influence MIG, IP-10, and I-TAC gene expression, IFN-alpha, in combination with TNF-alpha, LPS, or IL-1beta, resulted in a considerable induction of IP-10 release by neutrophils. Furthermore, IL-10 and IL-4 significantly suppressed the expression of MIG, IP-10, and I-TAC mRNA and the extracellular production of MIG and IP-10 in neutrophils stimulated with IFN-gamma plus either LPS or TNF-alpha. Finally, supernatants harvested from stimulated PMN induced migration and rapid integrin-dependent adhesion of CXCR3-expressing lymphocytes; these activities were significantly reduced by neutralizing anti-MIG and anti-IP-10 Abs, suggesting that they were mediated by MIG and IP-10 present in the supernatants. Since MIG, IP-10, and I-TAC are potent chemoattractants for NK cells and Th1 lymphocytes, the ability of neutrophils to produce these chemokines might contribute not only to the progression and evolution of the inflammatory response, but also to the regulation of the immune response. (+info)

Interleukin-18, interferon-gamma, IP-10, and Mig expression in Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. (4/340)

T cell immunodeficiency plays an important role in the pathogenesis of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) by permitting the unbridled expansion of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected B lymphocytes. However, factors other than T cell function may contribute to PTLD pathogenesis because PTLD infrequently develops even in the context of severe T cell immunodeficiency, and athymic mice that are T-cell-immunodeficient can reject EBV-immortalized cells. Here we report that PTLD tissues express significantly lower levels of IL-18, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), Mig, and RANTES compared to lymphoid tissues diagnosed with acute EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis, as assessed by semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis. Other cytokines and chemokines are expressed at similar levels. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that PTLD tissues contain less IL-18 and Mig protein than tissues with infectious mononucleosis. IL-18, primarily a monocyte product, promotes the secretion of IFN-gamma, which stimulates Mig and RANTES expression. Both IL-18 and Mig display antitumor activity in mice involving inhibition of angiogenesis. These results document greater expression of IL-18, IFN-gamma, Mig, and RANTES in lymphoid tissues with acute EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis compared to tissues with PTLD and raise the possibility that these mediators participate in critical host responses to EBV infection. (+info)

Intradermal delivery of IL-12 naked DNA induces systemic NK cell activation and Th1 response in vivo that is independent of endogenous IL-12 production. (5/340)

In this study four murine IL-12 naked DNA expression plasmids (pIL-12), containing both the p35 and p40 subunits, were shown to induce systemic biological effects in vivo after intradermal injection. Three of the four IL-12 expression vectors augmented NK activity and induced expression of the IFN-gamma and IFN-gamma-inducible Mig genes. Both IL-12 p70 heterodimer and IFN-gamma proteins were documented in the serum within 24 h after intradermal injection of the pIL-12o- plasmid, which also induced the highest level of NK activity in the spleen and liver among the IL-12 constructs. Interestingly, both p40 mRNA expression at the injection site and serum protein levels followed a biphasic pattern of expression, with peaks on days 1 and 5. Subsequent studies revealed that the ability of intradermally injected pIL-12o- to augment NK lytic activity was prevented by administration of a neutralizing anti-IL-12 mAb. Finally, injection of the pIL-12o- into BALB/c IL-12 p40-/- mice also resulted in a biphasic pattern of IL-12 p70 appearance in the serum, and induced IFN-gamma protein and activated NK lytic activity in liver and spleen. These results demonstrate that injection of delivered naked DNA encoding the IL-12 gene mediates the biphasic systemic production of IL-12-inducible genes and augments the cytotoxic function of NK cells in lymphoid and parenchymal organs as a direct result of transgene expression. The results also suggest that these naked DNA plasmids may be useful adjuvants for vaccines against infectious and neoplastic diseases. (+info)

SLC/exodus2/6Ckine/TCA4 induces chemotaxis of hematopoietic progenitor cells: differential activity of ligands of CCR7, CXCR3, or CXCR4 in chemotaxis vs. suppression of progenitor proliferation. (6/340)

Chemokines induce chemotaxis of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), and suppress their proliferation. In this study we report that SLC/ Exodus2/6Ckine/TCA4 (hereafter termed SLC) is a chemoattractant for human CD34+ HPC. SLC mainly induces preferential chemotaxis of macrophage progenitors. We examined the chemotactic activity of CXCR3 ligands on CD34+ HPC because it has been reported that SLC is a potential ligand of CXC chemokine receptor, CXCR3, in addition to a CC chemokine receptor, CCR7. It was found that the CXCR3 ligands, MIG and interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), unlike SLC, did not induce chemotaxis of CD34+ HPC. In this regard, CCR7 ligands (SLC and CKbeta-11), but not IP-10 and MIG, induce actin polymerization in CD34+ cells. On the other hand, CCR7 ligands and CXCR3 ligands, but not the CXCR4 ligand SDF-1, showed inhibitory activity for proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. Our results suggest that SLC is a potential trafficking factor for HPC, and that chemokines that bind CCR7, CXCR4, and CXCR3 have differential biological activities on HPC in terms of suppression and chemotaxis. (+info)

The CXCR3 activating chemokines IP-10, Mig, and IP-9 are expressed in allergic but not in irritant patch test reactions. (7/340)

Differentiation between allergic and irritant contact dermatitis reactions is difficult, as both inflammatory diseases are clinically, histologically, and immunohistologically very similar. Previous studies in mice revealed that the chemokine IP-10 is exclusively expressed in allergic contact dermatitis reactions. In the present study, we investigated whether the mRNA expression of IP-10 and the related CXCR3 activating chemokines, Mig and IP-9 are also differentially expressed in human allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis reactions. Skin biopsies from allergic (13 cases) and sodium lauryl sulfate-induced irritant patch test reactions (13 cases), obtained 1-72 h after patch testing, were studied by means of an in situ hybridization technique. Results of chemokine mRNA expression were correlated with clinical scoring, histology, and immunohistochemical data including the proportion of inflammatory cells expressing CXCR3, the receptor for IP-10, Mig, and IP-9, and ICAM-1 and HLA-DR expression on keratinocytes. IP-10, Mig, and IP-9 mRNA were detected in seven of nine allergic contact dermatitis reactions after 24-72 h, but not in sodium lauryl sulfate-induced irritant contact dermatitis reactions. ICAM-1 expression by keratinocytes was only found in allergic contact dermatitis reactions and correlated with chemokine expression. Moreover, up to 50% of the infiltrating cells in allergic contact dermatitis expressed CXCR3, in contrast to only 20% in irritant contact dermatitis reactions. In conclusion, we have demonstrated differences in chemokine expression between allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis reactions, which might reflect different regulatory mechanisms operating in these diseases and may be an important clue for differentiation between allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis reactions. (+info)

Differential expression of three T lymphocyte-activating CXC chemokines by human atheroma-associated cells. (8/340)

Activated T lymphocytes accumulate early in atheroma formation and persist at sites of lesion growth and rupture, suggesting that they may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Moreover, atherosclerotic lesions contain the Th1-type cytokine IFN-gamma, a potentiator of atherosclerosis. The present study demonstrates the differential expression of the 3 IFN-gamma-inducible CXC chemokines--IFN-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig), and IFN-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC)--by atheroma-associated cells, as well as the expression of their receptor, CXCR3, by all T lymphocytes within human atherosclerotic lesions in situ. Atheroma-associated endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and macrophages (MO) all expressed IP-10, whereas Mig and I-TAC were mainly expressed in ECs and MO, as detected by double immunofluorescence staining. ECs of microvessels within lesions also expressed abundant I-TAC. In vitro experiments supported these results and showed that IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and CD40 ligand potentiated IP-10 expression from IFN-gamma-stimulated ECs. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) treatment decreased IFN-gamma induction of IP-10. Our findings suggest that the differential expression of IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC by atheroma-associated cells plays a role in the recruitment and retention of activated T lymphocytes observed within vascular wall lesions during atherogenesis. (+info)

There are several key features of inflammation:

1. Increased blood flow: Blood vessels in the affected area dilate, allowing more blood to flow into the tissue and bringing with it immune cells, nutrients, and other signaling molecules.
2. Leukocyte migration: White blood cells, such as neutrophils and monocytes, migrate towards the site of inflammation in response to chemical signals.
3. Release of mediators: Inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, are released by immune cells and other cells in the affected tissue. These molecules help to coordinate the immune response and attract more immune cells to the site of inflammation.
4. Activation of immune cells: Immune cells, such as macrophages and T cells, become activated and start to phagocytose (engulf) pathogens or damaged tissue.
5. Increased heat production: Inflammation can cause an increase in metabolic activity in the affected tissue, leading to increased heat production.
6. Redness and swelling: Increased blood flow and leakiness of blood vessels can cause redness and swelling in the affected area.
7. Pain: Inflammation can cause pain through the activation of nociceptors (pain-sensing neurons) and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators.

Inflammation can be acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is a short-term response to injury or infection, which helps to resolve the issue quickly. Chronic inflammation is a long-term response that can cause ongoing damage and diseases such as arthritis, asthma, and cancer.

There are several types of inflammation, including:

1. Acute inflammation: A short-term response to injury or infection.
2. Chronic inflammation: A long-term response that can cause ongoing damage and diseases.
3. Autoimmune inflammation: An inappropriate immune response against the body's own tissues.
4. Allergic inflammation: An immune response to a harmless substance, such as pollen or dust mites.
5. Parasitic inflammation: An immune response to parasites, such as worms or fungi.
6. Bacterial inflammation: An immune response to bacteria.
7. Viral inflammation: An immune response to viruses.
8. Fungal inflammation: An immune response to fungi.

There are several ways to reduce inflammation, including:

1. Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
2. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, stress management, and getting enough sleep.
3. Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, herbal supplements, and mind-body practices.
4. Addressing underlying conditions, such as hormonal imbalances, gut health issues, and chronic infections.
5. Using anti-inflammatory compounds found in certain foods, such as omega-3 fatty acids, turmeric, and ginger.

It's important to note that chronic inflammation can lead to a range of health problems, including:

1. Arthritis
2. Diabetes
3. Heart disease
4. Cancer
5. Alzheimer's disease
6. Parkinson's disease
7. Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Therefore, it's important to manage inflammation effectively to prevent these complications and improve overall health and well-being.

1) They share similarities with humans: Many animal species share similar biological and physiological characteristics with humans, making them useful for studying human diseases. For example, mice and rats are often used to study diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer because they have similar metabolic and cardiovascular systems to humans.

2) They can be genetically manipulated: Animal disease models can be genetically engineered to develop specific diseases or to model human genetic disorders. This allows researchers to study the progression of the disease and test potential treatments in a controlled environment.

3) They can be used to test drugs and therapies: Before new drugs or therapies are tested in humans, they are often first tested in animal models of disease. This allows researchers to assess the safety and efficacy of the treatment before moving on to human clinical trials.

4) They can provide insights into disease mechanisms: Studying disease models in animals can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. This information can then be used to develop new treatments or improve existing ones.

5) Reduces the need for human testing: Using animal disease models reduces the need for human testing, which can be time-consuming, expensive, and ethically challenging. However, it is important to note that animal models are not perfect substitutes for human subjects, and results obtained from animal studies may not always translate to humans.

6) They can be used to study infectious diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study infectious diseases such as HIV, TB, and malaria. These models allow researchers to understand how the disease is transmitted, how it progresses, and how it responds to treatment.

7) They can be used to study complex diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study complex diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. These models allow researchers to understand the underlying mechanisms of the disease and test potential treatments.

8) They are cost-effective: Animal disease models are often less expensive than human clinical trials, making them a cost-effective way to conduct research.

9) They can be used to study drug delivery: Animal disease models can be used to study drug delivery and pharmacokinetics, which is important for developing new drugs and drug delivery systems.

10) They can be used to study aging: Animal disease models can be used to study the aging process and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This allows researchers to understand how aging contributes to disease and develop potential treatments.

... -A binds to the CXC chemokines CXCL9 (MIG), CXCL10 (IP-10), and CXCL11 (I-TAC) whereas CXCR3-B can also bind to CXCL4 in ... Chemokine receptor CXCR3 is a Gαi protein-coupled receptor in the CXC chemokine receptor family. Other names for CXCR3 are G ... Chemokine receptors Chemokine Cluster of differentiation GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000186810 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38 ... "Chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands CXCL9 and CXCL10 are required for the development of murine cerebral malaria". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCR3

There are two isoforms, CXCR3-A and CXCR3-B. It has three highly related ligands in mammals, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11. CXCR4 ( ... CXC chemokine receptors are integral membrane proteins that specifically bind and respond to cytokines of the CXC chemokine ... However, CXCR6 is more closely related in structure to CC chemokine receptors than to other CXC chemokine receptors. ACKR3 was ... within the chemokine receptor cluster on human chromosome 3p21) and its similarity to other chemokine receptors in its gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXC_chemokine_receptors

"Entrez Gene: XCR1 chemokine (C motif) receptor 1". Becker M, Güttler S, Bachem A, Hartung E, Mora A, Jäkel A, Hutloff A, Henn V ... Memory CD8+ T lymphocytes (mCTLs) are activated first after infection and then are signaled by CXCR3, IL-12, and CXCL9 by other ... The "C" sub-family of chemokine receptors contains only one member: XCR1, the receptor for XCL1 and XCL2 (or lymphotactin-1 and ... NK cells release XCL1 along with IFN-γ and some other chemokines upon encountering certain bacteria such as Listeria or MCMV. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XCR1

Flares are accompanied by increased serum levels of activated T lymphocyte chemokines (IP-10/CXCL10, MIG/CXCL9), G-CSF and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_fever,_aphthous_stomatitis,_pharyngitis_and_adenitis

Epithelial cells and keratinocytes are able to recruit TH1 cells to sights of infection by releasing the chemokines CXCL9, ... CCR5 and CXCR3 are the main chemokine receptors for this cell. Group 1 ILCs Groups 1 ILCs are defined to include ILCs ... TH1 cells are also characterized by the expression of chemokine receptors which allow their movement to sites of inflammation. ... The main chemokine receptors on these cells are CXCR3A and CCR5. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell-mediated_immunity

... as well as promoting the production of chemokines CXCL10, CXCL9 and CXCL11. These chemokines play an important role in ... The recruitment of more immune cells also occurs and is mediated by the chemokines produced during the inflammatory process. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoediting

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as ... CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 all elicit their chemotactic functions by interacting with the chemokine receptor CXCR3. CXCL9, -10, - ... This chemokine has also been associated as a biomarker for diagnosing Q fever infections. CXCL9 has been shown to interact with ... It is closely related to two other CXC chemokines called CXCL10 and CXCL11, whose genes are located near the gene for CXCL9 on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL9

... and secretion proteins of the chemokine family such as CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 which present direct antimicrobial activity. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNX8

T-cell activation and activated T-cells are attracted to sites of inflammation where the IFN-y inducible chemokines CXCL9, ... C4-CC chemokines), but a small number of CC chemokines possess six cysteines (C6-CC chemokines). C6-CC chemokines include CCL1 ... The third group of chemokines is known as the C chemokines (or γ chemokines), and is unlike all other chemokines in that it has ... CCL1 for the ligand 1 of the CC-family of chemokines, and CCR1 for its respective receptor. The CC chemokine (or β-chemokine) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine

Chemokine ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL5 that bind to chemokine receptors such as CXCR3 and CCR5, Immune suppressive or ... These initiate the following cascade: CXCR3 ligand chemokines (CXCL-9, -10 and -11) are produced in response to activated B ... Gene Signature : CCL5, CD27, CD274 (PD-L1), CD276 (B7-H3), CD8A, CMKLR1, CXCL9, CXCR6, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRB1, HLA-E, IDO1, LAG3, ... To illustrate, growth factors and chemokines activated in response to injury are recruited by tumour cells, sustaining chronic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologic_Constant_of_Rejection

Its gene is located on human chromosome 4 along with many other members of the CXC chemokine family. CXCL9, -10, -11 have ... C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (CXCL11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCL11 gene. C-X-C motif chemokine 11 is a ... This chemokine elicits its effects on its target cells by interacting with the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3, with a ... "Entrez Gene: CXCL11 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11". Cole KE, Strick CA, Paradis TJ, Ogborne KT, Loetscher M, Gladue RP, Lin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL11

NG-641: This vector contains four transgenes expressing secreted Interferon alpha, the chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and an anti-FAP ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enadenotucirev

CX3CR1 CXC chemokine receptors CXCL1 CXCL10 CXCL11 CXCL13 CXCL14 CXCL15 CXCL16 CXCL17 CXCL2 CXCL3 CXCL5 CXCL6 CXCL7 CXCL9 CXCR4 ... Breakthrough infection Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies Bursa of Fabricius C-C chemokine receptor type 6 C-C chemokine ... CD4 CD4+ T cells and antitumor immunity CD74 CD94/NKG2 Cell-mediated immunity CELSR1 Central tolerance Chemokine Chemokine ... 7 Calreticulin Cancer immunology Cancer immunoprevention Cancer immunotherapy Cantuzumab ravtansine Cathelicidin CC chemokine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_immunology_articles

C-X-C motif chemokine 10 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. The gene for CXCL10 is located on human ... CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 have proven to be valid biomarkers for the development of heart failure and left ventricular ... This chemokine elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3. The three-dimensional crystal ... Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P02778 (C-X-C motif chemokine 10) at the PDBe-KB. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL10

... scyb8 CXCL9: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9, scyb9 CXCL10: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10, scyb10 CXCL11: chemokine (C-X-C ... chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, scyb1 CXCL2: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2, scyb2 CXCL3: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 ... chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5, scyb5 CXCL6: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6, scyb6 CXCL7: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7 ... scyb3 CXCL4: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4, Platelet factor-4, PF-4, scyb4 CXCL5: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_4

A group of markers showed over-stimulation of the immune system, including ADA, BTC, CA12, CAPG, CD40, CDCP1, CXCL9, ENTPD2, ... which stimulates the infected cells to release cytokines and chemokines, activating macrophages, dendritic cells, and others. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokine_storm

The 2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championship were the 12th edition of the Ju-Jitsu World Championships, and were held in Paris, France from November 28 to November 30, 2014. 28.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Men's Duo System - Classic 29.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Women's Duo System - Classic 30.11.2014 - Men's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Mixed Duo System - Classic, Team event Vincent MATCZAK (2014-09-30). "4TH INVITAION TO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2014" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-28.[dead link] Online results Official results (PDF) Mixed team event results (PDF) (All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2022, Ju-Jitsu World Championships, 2014 in French sport ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Ju-Jitsu_World_Championships

Bolley L. "Bo" Johnson (born November 15, 1951) is an American politician from the state of Florida. A member of the Democratic Party, Johnson was a member of the Florida House of Representatives, and served as the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives. Johnson is from Milton, Florida. His father and grandfather served as county commissioners for Santa Rosa County, Florida. Johnson graduated from Milton High School, and became the first member of his family to attend college. He received his bachelor's degree from Florida State University. Johnson volunteered for Mallory Horne when Horne served as the president of the Florida Senate. At the age of 22, Johnson met Lawton Chiles, then a member of the United States Senate, who hired him as a legislative aide in 1973. Johnson was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 4th district from November 7, 1978 to November 3, 1992. He also served the 1st district from November 3, 1992 to November 8, 1994. He became the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolley_Johnson

... may refer to: Don't Say No (Billy Squier album), a 1981 album by American rock singer Billy Squier, and its title track Don't Say No (Seohyun EP), a 2016 extended play by South Korean pop singer Seohyun, and its title track "Don't Say No" (Tom Tom Club song), from the 1988 album Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom "Don't Say No", by Robbie Williams from the 2005 album Intensive Care "Don't Say No Tonight", a 1985 single by Eugene Wilde This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Don't Say No. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. (Disambiguation pages with short descriptions, Short description is different from Wikidata, All article disambiguation pages, All disambiguation pages, Disambiguation pages ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don't_Say_No

The Dewoitine 37 was the first of a family of 1930s French-built monoplane fighter aircraft. The D.37 was a single-seat aircraft of conventional configuration. Its fixed landing gear used a tailskid. The open cockpit was located slightly aft of the parasol wing. The radial engine allowed for a comparatively wide fuselage and cockpit. Design of this machine was by SAF-Avions Dewoitine but owing to over work at that companies plant at the time, manufacture of the D.37/01 was transferred to Lioré et Olivier. They were high-wing monoplanes of all-metal construction with valve head blisters on their engine cowlings. The first prototype flew in October 1931. Flight testing resulted in the need for multiple revisions in both engine and airframe, so it was February 1934 before the second prototype flew. Its performance prompted the French government to order for 28 for the Armée de l'Air and Aéronavale. The Lithuanian government ordered 14 that remained in service with their Air Force until 1936, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewoitine_D.371

The Noor-ul-Ain (Persian: نور العين, lit. 'the light of the eye') is one of the largest pink diamonds in the world, and the centre piece of the tiara of the same name. The diamond is believed to have been recovered from the mines of Golconda, Hyderabad in India. It was first in possession with the nizam Abul Hasan Qutb Shah, later it was given as a peace offering to the Mughal emperor Aurangazeb when he defeated him in a siege. It was brought into the Iranian Imperial collection after the Persian king Nader Shah Afshar looted Delhi in the 18th century.[citation needed] The Noor-ul-Ain is believed to have once formed part of an even larger gem called the Great Table diamond. That larger diamond is thought to have been cut in two, with one section becoming the Noor-ul-Ain and the other the Daria-i-Noor diamond. Both of these pieces are currently part of the Iranian Crown Jewels. The Noor-ul-Ain is the principal diamond mounted in a tiara of the same name made for Iranian Empress Farah ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor-ul-Ain

The Benoist Land Tractor Type XII was one of the first enclosed cockpit, tractor configuration aircraft built. Benoist used "Model XII" to several aircraft that shared the same basic engine and wing design, but differed in fuselage and control surfaces. The Type XII was a tractor-engined conversion of the model XII headless pusher aircraft that resembled the Curtiss pusher aircraft. Demonstration pilots used Benoist aircraft to demonstrate the first parachute jumps, and the tractor configuration was considered much more suitable for the task. The first example named the "Military Plane" had a small box frame covered fuselage that left the occupants mostly exposed to the wind. The later model XII "Cross Country Plane" had a full fuselage that occupants sat inside of. The first tractor biplane used a wooden fuselage with a small seat on top. The wings were covered with a Goodyear rubberized cloth. The first model XII was built in the spring of 1912. On 1 March 1912, Albert Berry used a headless ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benoist_Land_Tractor_Type_XII

... (also known as Yalmotx in Qʼanjobʼal) is a town, with a population of 17,166 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Guatemalan department of Huehuetenango. It is situated at 1450 metres above sea level. It covers a terrain of 1,174 km². The annual festival is April 29-May 4. Barillas has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and extremely heavy rainfall from June to August. Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Guatemala Citypopulation.de Population of cities & towns in Guatemala "Climate: Barillas". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved July 26, 2020. Muni in Spanish Website of Santa Cruz Barillas Coordinates: 15°48′05″N 91°18′45″W / 15.8014°N 91.3125°W / 15.8014; -91.3125 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Q'anjob'al-language text, Coordinates on Wikidata, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Cruz_Barillas

Maria Margaret La Primaudaye Pollen (10 April 1838 - c. 1919), known as Minnie, was a decorative arts collector. As Mrs John Hungerford Pollen, she became known during the early-twentieth century as an authority on the history of textiles, publishing Seven Centuries of Lace in 1908. Maria Margaret La Primaudaye was born into a Huguenot family on 10 April 1838, the third child of the Revd Charles John La Primaudaye, a descendant of Pierre de La Primaudaye. She was educated in Italy. Her family converted to Catholicism in 1851, and it was in Rome that her father met another recent English convert, John Hungerford Pollen, previously an Anglican priest and a decorative artist. She became engaged to Pollen, who was then seventeen years her senior, in the summer of 1854, and was married in the church of Woodchester monastery, near Stroud, Gloucester, on 18 September 1855. The Pollens initially settled in Dublin, where John Hungerford Pollen had been offered the professorship of fine arts at the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Margaret_Pollen

Ronald Robert Fogleman (born January 27, 1942) is a retired United States Air Force general who served as the 15th Chief of Staff of the Air Force from 1994 to 1997 and as Commanding General of the United States Transportation Command from 1992 to 1994. A 1963 graduate from the United States Air Force Academy, he holds a master's degree in military history and political science from Duke University. A command pilot and a parachutist, he amassed more than 6,800 flying hours in fighter, transport, tanker and rotary wing aircraft. He flew 315 combat missions and logged 806 hours of combat flying in fighter aircraft. Eighty of his missions during the Vietnam War were as a "Misty FAC" in the F-100F Super Sabre at Phù Cát Air Base, South Vietnam between 25 December 1968 and 23 April 1969. Fogleman was shot down in Vietnam in 1968, while piloting an F-100. He was rescued by clinging to an AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter that landed at the crash site. In early assignments he instructed student pilots, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Fogleman

Peachtree Street" is a 1950 song co-written and recorded by Frank Sinatra in a duet with Rosemary Clooney. The song was released as a Columbia Records single. Frank Sinatra co-wrote the song with Leni Mason and Jimmy Saunders. Mason composed the music while Sinatra and Saunders wrote the lyrics. The song was arranged by George Siravo The song was released as an A side Columbia 10" 78 single, Catalog Number 38853, Matrix Number CO-43100-1 and as a 7" 33, 1-669. The B side was the re-issued "This Is the Night." Neither of the songs charted. The subject of the song is a stroll down the street in Atlanta, Georgia of the same name. Sinatra originally intended Dinah Shore to sing the duet with him. When Shore declined, Clooney was asked. The song was recorded on April 8, 1950. The song features spoken asides by Sinatra and Clooney. Rosemary Clooney asks: "Say, Frank, you wanna take a walk?" Frank Sinatra replies: "Sure, sweetie, just pick a street." He noted how there were no peach trees on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peachtree_Street_(song)

... is a painting by American illustrator Norman Rockwell that depicts a Boy Scout in full uniform standing in front of a waving American flag. It was originally created by Rockwell in 1942 for the 1944 Brown & Bigelow Boy Scout Calendar. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest to be in the painting and personally delivered a print to the Vice President of the United States at the time, Henry A. Wallace. The painting was created to encourage Scouts to participate in the war effort during World War II. The name of the painting, We, Too, Have a Job to Do, comes from a slogan that the Boy Scouts of America used in 1942 to rally scouts to support the troops by collecting metal and planting victory gardens. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest with his local council in Albany, New York, to be depicted in the painting. He traveled to Rockwell's studio in Arlington, Vermont, to model for Rockwell. Since Hamilton was a scout, the uniform shown in the painting was his, unlike some ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We,_Too,_Have_a_Job_to_Do

At least 33[failed verification] people were killed by a fuel tanker explosion in Tleil, Akkar District, Lebanon on 15 August 2021. The disaster was reportedly exacerbated by the ongoing Lebanese liquidity crisis; in which the Lebanese pound has plummeted and fuel has been in short supply. The survivors were evacuated by the Lebanese Red Cross. An investigation is underway. The fuel tanker had been confiscated by the Lebanese Armed Forces from black marketeers, the fuel was then distributed/taken by the locals. The son of the man whose land the fuel tanker was located on, was later arrested, accused of deliberately causing the explosion. Agencies (2021-08-15). "At least 20 killed and 79 injured in fuel tank explosion in Lebanon". the Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon fuel explosion kills 22 and injures dozens more". The Independent. 2021-08-15. Archived from the original on 2021-08-15. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon: At least 20 dead and dozens injured after fuel tank explodes as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Akkar_explosion

The Straubing Tigers are a professional men's ice hockey team, based in Straubing, Germany, that competes in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Straubing plays its home games at the Eisstadion am Pulverturm, which has a capacity of 5,800 spectators. Promoted to the DEL in 2006, and operating with one of the league's smallest budgets, the team could finish no better than twelfth before the 2011-12 DEL season, when it reached the semi-finals of the playoffs. Their greatest success so far is the qualification for the season 2020-21 of the Champions Hockey League. In 1941, the then 14-year-old Max Pielmaier and his friends Max Pellkofer and Harry Poiger founded the first hockey team in Straubing. The first official game took place on the first of February 1942 in Hof and was lost by a score of 0:1. In the following year there were several games against other Bavarian teams. The game against Landshut on 31 January. 1943 was the last game during the second World War, because the young players also had to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straubing_Tigers

Leina is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia. Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Pihtla Parish. "Lisa. Asustusüksuste nimistu" (PDF). haldusreform.fin.ee (in Estonian). Rahandusministeerium. Retrieved 5 December 2017. "Saaremaa külad endiste valdade piires". www.saaremaa.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017. Coordinates: 58°17′10″N 22°46′26″E / 58.28611°N 22.77389°E / 58.28611; 22.77389 v t e (CS1 Estonian-language sources (et), Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no map, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Saaremaa Parish, Coordinates on Wikidata, Villages in Saare County, All stub articles, Saare County geography stubs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leina,_Saare_County

View mouse Cxcl9 Chr5:92469206-92475938 with: phenotypes, sequences, polymorphisms, proteins, references, function, expression ... Cxcl9 interacts with 268 markers (Mir1a-1, Mir1a-2, Mir7-1, ...) View All ...

https://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:1352449

C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (human). Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in ... CXCL9 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 [Homo sapiens] CXCL9 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 [Homo sapiens]. Gene ID:4283 ... CXCL9provided by HGNC. Official Full Name. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9provided by HGNC. Primary source. HGNC:HGNC:7098 See ... CXCL9 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 [ Homo sapiens (human) ] Gene ID: 4283, updated on 18-Aug-2023 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=(CXCL9%5BGene%20Name%5D)%20AND%209606%5BTaxonomy%20ID%5D

Effect of blocking the CXCL9/10-CXCR3 chemokine system in the outcome of endothelial-target rickettsial infections. Valbuena G ... The CXCL9 signal localizes to endothelial cells (f, arrows). The CXCL10 results were analogous to the CXCL9 results (not shown ... Expression analysis of the T-cell-targeting chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 in mice and humans with endothelial infections caused ... Expression analysis of the T-cell-targeting chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 in mice and humans with endothelial infections caused ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14507644

Chemokine CXCL9 / genetics Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... A) Shown are levels of IL-2, sFASLG, sCD40LG, CXCL9, IL-4, CCL22, IL-33, IL-17, and IL-10 in peripheral blood of COVID-19 ... CXCL9) that were substantially associated with mortality when increased, while IL-1α was associated with mortality when ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=33232303

1. CXCL9 chemokine in ulcerative colitis.. Elia G; Guglielmi G. Clin Ter; 2018; 169(5):e235-e241. PubMed ID: 30393811. [TBL] ... 5. The proinflammatory CXC-chemokines GRO-alpha/CXCL1 and MIG/CXCL9 are concomitantly expressed in ulcerative colitis and ... thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 in children with Kawasaki disease.. Feng S; Yadav SK ... The Th1 chemokine MIG in Graves ophthalmopathy.. Gonnella D. Clin Ter; 2019; 170(5):e368-e372. PubMed ID: 31612195. [TBL] ...

https://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/biomarkers/search.php?id=30393811&mod=related&page=1&outid=&proj=

Emapalumab-lzsg reduces the plasma concentrations of CXCL9, a chemokine induced by IFNγ. ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=a865e0ef-8685-4f69-8838-648c4f3bab47&type=display

Cxcl9. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9. ISO. RGD. PMID:14507644. RGD:5135450. NCBI chr14:15,722,868...15,727,779 Ensembl chr14: ... C-C motif chemokine ligand 20. ISO. protein:increased expression:synovial fluid RGD. PMID:23371320. RGD:7488895. NCBI chr 9: ... C-C motif chemokine ligand 2. ISO. protein:increased expression:serum (human). RGD. PMID:16358960. RGD:11528571. NCBI chr10: ... C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10. ISO. RGD. PMID:14507644. RGD:5135450. NCBI chr14:15,704,772...15,706,969 Ensembl chr14: ...

https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/ontology/annot.html?acc_id=DOID:9002098

These three chemokines are all CXCR3 ligands. CXCL9 and CXCL10 induce effector Th1/Th17 cells to promote inflammation, while ... Moreover, we found that the IFN-γ-inducible chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 are all specifically up-regulated in non- ... 7A). They are both located on chromosome 17q11.2-q12 CC chemokine gene cluster (Fig. 7B). Many CC chemokine family genes ... These results imply CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 play a critical role in the Th1/Th17 inflammation in non-ECRSwNP. On the regional ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/srep26604?error=cookies_not_supported&code=83deeb00-f16b-4732-bcdb-300042448889

CXCL9 chemokine promotes the progression of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma through STAT3-dependent cytotoxic T lymphocyte ...

https://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/biomarkers/search.php?id=34777634&mod=related&page=1&outid=&proj=

CXCL9 Chemokine Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 9 Protein Mig Chemokine Monokine Induced by gamma Interferon Chemokine SCYB9 ... An INTEFERON-inducible CXC chemokine that is specific for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.. Terms. Chemokine CXCL9 Preferred Term Term UI ... Chemokines [D12.644.276.374.200] * Chemokines, CXC [D12.644.276.374.200.120] * Chemokine CXCL1 [D12.644.276.374.200.120.050] ... Chemokines [D12.776.467.374.200] * Chemokines, CXC [D12.776.467.374.200.120] * Chemokine CXCL1 [D12.776.467.374.200.120.050] ...

https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D054370

Elevated nasal wash concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-8/CXCL8, MIP1α+1β/CCL3+4, RANTES/CCL5, and CXCL9, have been ... CXCR3 ligands such as IP-10 and I-TAC, which attract activated Th1 cells, are dominant chemokines observed during HPIV ... Increasing levels of certain chemokines such as RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/224708-179324/which-factors-affect-the-immune-response-to-human-parainfluenza-virus-hpiv-infection

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/224708-overview

The Luster Laboratory at Massachusetts General Hospital investigates chemokines, lipid chemoattractants and their receptors in ... Levels of specific chemokines, such as the CXCR3 ligands CXCL9 and CXCL10, which are of particular interest to the lab, are ... Strategies to induce the expression of specific chemokines, such as CXCL9 and CXCL10, in tumors are being pursued to improve ... Chemokines, Resident Memory Effector and Regulatory Cells, and Tissue Immunity. Research in the Luster lab is varied and has ...

https://www.massgeneral.org/medicine/ciid/research-labs/andrew-luster

Because chemokine network is involved in OC progression, we evaluated associations between chemokine expression and survival in ... CXCR2 was associated with poor OS in TP53m serous OC, while CXCL9, CCL5, CXCR4, CXCL11, and CXCL13 were associated with better ... Title: Chemokine Network and Overall Survival in TP53 Wild-Type and Mutant Ovarian Cancer. ... Taken together, specific chemokine signatures may differentially influence OS in TP53WT and TP53m OC. ...

https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/portfolio/index.cfm?do=portfolio.publicationDetail&id=3475606

... as well as the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)-9, CXCL-10 chemokines, ICAM-1 and the class II, major histocompatibility ... On the other hand, the recently developed molecularly targeted drugs against pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are ... Intratracheal bleomycin challenge represents an acute lung injury model in which production of cytokines, chemokines, and ... chemokines, adhesion molecules, and other inflammatory mediators [22,23]. Phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8108

Histone lysine trimethylation and DNA methylation repress the tumor production of T-helper (TH1) type chemokines, CXCL-9 and ... removed the repression of chemokine expression and increased effector CD8+ T-cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment ...

http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-17-330.html

NUS scientists have discovered that blood levels of the chemokine protein CXCL9 reliably predict the risk of osteoporotic hip ...

https://medicalxpress.com/journals/journal-of-bone-and-mineral-research/

Chemokine ligand 1. CCL2:. Chemokine ligand 2. CXCL9:. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 ... PLG were down-regulated about two fold and the CXCL9 gene was down-regulated 2.92 fold. FGF2 transcript post treatment ...

https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-13-263

Ter119 dose-dependently induced plasma chemokines CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL11 with corresponding alterations in ... Ter119 attenuated chemokine production from the synovial fluid and prevented the accumulation of inflammatory cells and ...

https://neurosciencenews.com/autoimmune-inflammation-14770/

... gene and protein expression of CXCL9, 10, 11, TNF-a, IL-6) in mice and in in vitro exposed macrophages. Conditioned media from ... Pharmacological inhibition confirmed a C-X-C chemokine receptor 3-mediated pathway involvement in the CBox toxicity. In summary ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=ozone&f1=%2A&Adv=0&terms=1&PageNo=2&RecNo=14&View=f&

The expression of the Th1 type cytokine IFN-gamma and the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 was, however, unaffected by the lack of ... Also Th2 type chemokines CCL24, CCL3 and CXCL5 were increased in the skin of Smad3-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. In the ... The number of neutrophils and expression of the chemokines CCL3 and CXCL5, which are both involved in neutrophil recruitment, ... Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify mRNA expression of cytokines, chemokines and ...

https://helda.helsinki.fi/browse?value=GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA&type=subject

Altered circulating cytokine and chemokine concentrations. Cytokines and chemokines can induce adhesion molecule expression and ... Nonetheless, other chemoattractants such as CXCL9, CXCL11, CCL5, and SDF-1 can also promote T trafficking in tumors (8, 9, 14, ... of the patients had increases in all six cytokines/chemokines in response to Ipi-Bev. For cytokines/chemokines with ... Serum cytokine/chemokine expression and irAEs. In the Ipi-Bev-treated patients, severe (grade 3 or higher) irAEs include rash, ...

https://aacrjournals.org/cancerimmunolres/article/4/10/858/467786/VEGF-Neutralization-Plus-CTLA-4-Blockade-Alters

https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D054370

Chemokines (for example, CXCL9 and CXCL10) can be induced by IFNs (IFN-gamma) and TNF or CD40 ligand, and recruit Th1 cells. ... These chemokines (CXCL9 and CXCL10) can be induced by IFNs (IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha), which mediate the recruitment of Th1 ... Loetscher M, Gerber B, Loetscher P, Jones SA, Piali L, Clark-Lewis I, Baggiolini M, Moser B. Chemokine receptor specific for ... Similarly, mycophenolate mofetil has potent cytostatic effects on B cells and T cells and, thus, inhibits chemokines [214]. In ...

https://www.oncotarget.com/article/20312/text/

... these chemokines included eotaxin (66%), CCL2 (27%), CCL4 (88%), CCL5 (77%), CCL12 (77%), CXCL1 (78%), CXCL2 (98%), CXCL9 (87 ... Cytokine and chemokine levels in spironolactone- and prednisolone-treated mdx skeletal muscles. (A) Proteome profiler cytokine ... Chemokine and cytokine protein levels were similarly reduced in mdx quadriceps muscles by both spironolactone and prednisolone ... Prednisolone increased chemokines in the diaphragm that were reduced in quadriceps, such as eotaxin (1.5-fold), CCL2 (1.2-fold ...

https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/159875

Ten days after treatment, the expression of several chemokines, including CXCL9, CCL1, CXCL10, and CCL21, was dramatically up- ... Ten days after treatment, the expression of several chemokines, including CXCL9, CCL1, CXCL10, and CCL21, was dramatically up- ... Ten days after treatment, the expression of several chemokines, including CXCL9, CCL1, CXCL10, and CCL21, was dramatically up- ... Ten days after treatment, the expression of several chemokines, including CXCL9, CCL1, CXCL10, and CCL21, was dramatically up- ...

https://profiles.wustl.edu/en/publications/the-chemokine-binding-protein-m3-prevents-diabetes-induced-by-mul

Cxcl9. C-X-C motif chemokine 9 P18340. activated T lymphocytes. Cxcl10. C-X-C motif chemokine 10 P17515. regulatory T cells. ... C-C motif chemokine 17 F6R5P4. memory T-helper cells. Ccl19. C-C motif chemokine 19 O70460. CD4 T-cells, CD8 T-cells, resting B ... C-C motif chemokine 27 Q9Z1X0. skin-associated memory T-lymphocytes. Ccl28. C-C motif chemokine 28 Q9JIL2. resting CD4, CD8 T- ... C-C motif chemokine 21a P84444. thymocytes and activated T-cells. Ccl21b. C-C motif chemokine 21b P86792. thymocytes and ...

https://esbl.nhlbi.nih.gov/Signaling-Pathways/Chemokines/

The expression levels of E-selectin, ICAM-1, IL-8, MCP-1, and chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 mRNA and protein in each ... chemokine CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 mRNA and protein expression level; and TSG mRNA and protein expression level were ... and the mRNA and protein expression levels of chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, and TSG mRNA and protein expression levels ... aureus Regulates the Chemokine Function of Endothelial Cells In Vitro by Inhibiting the Chemokine-Glycosaminoglycan Interaction ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=mh:Selectina+E/gen%C3%A9tica

Chemokine CXCL9 Entry term(s). CXCL9 Chemokine CXCL9, Chemokine Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 9 Protein Chemokine, CXCL9 ... CXCL9 Chemokine. CXCL9, Chemokine. Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 9 Protein. Chemokine, CXCL9. Chemokine, Mig. Chemokine, SCYB9 ... Chemokine, Mig Chemokine, SCYB9 Mig Chemokine Monokine Induced by gamma Interferon Chemokine SCYB9 Chemokine Small Inducible ... Chemokine CXCL9 - Preferred Concept UI. M0504402. Scope note. An INTEFERON-inducible CXC chemokine that is specific for the ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=52777

The expression of the CXCR3 ligands CXCL9 and CXCL10 was significantly higher than the other chemokines investigated. (nih.gov)
We then characterized the kinetics and localization of expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in lungs, brain, and liver of mice infected with lethal or sublethal doses of R. conorii by a combination of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. (nih.gov)
Ter119 dose-dependently induced plasma chemokines CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL11 with corresponding alterations in monocyte percentages in the blood and liver within 24 hours. (neurosciencenews.com)
Analytes offered in the Human Qbeads Inflammation Panel Kit include: Human Interferon gamma (IFNγ), Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL3 (MIP-1α), CXCL9 (MIG), and CXCL10 (IP-10). (sartorius.com)
Serum CXCL9 (and for comparison CXCL10) has been measured in patients with AT vs normal control and nontoxic multinodular goiter, and this parameter has been related to the clinical phenotype. (unime.it)
A strong relation between circulating CXCL9 and CXCL10 has been first shown, underlining the importance of a T helper 1 immune attack in the initiation of AT. (unime.it)
Although little is known about the mechanisms of pyrexia caused by D + T combination therapy, a recent report suggested that sCD163, as well as interferon-inducible chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11), might correlate with pyrexia caused by encorafenib plus binimetinib combination therapy. (elsevierpure.com)
Moreover, increased levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were prominent in patients with AEs over G2 levels. (elsevierpure.com)
Although freshly isolated T lymphocytes expressed moderate cell surface levels of CXCR3, they were only responsive to CXCL11 with CXCL9 and CXCL10 only having significant activity on activated T lymphocytes. (uea.ac.uk)
It mediates Ca2+ mobilization and chemotaxis in response to C-X-C chemokines, such as IP10 (CXCL10), MIG (CXCL9), I-TAC (CXCL11) and PF4 (CXCL4). (elabscience.com)

CXCR2 was associated with poor OS in TP53m serous OC, while CXCL9, CCL5, CXCR4, CXCL11, and CXCL13 were associated with better OS. (nih.gov)

NIH researchers report resveratrol inhibits pro-inflammatory proteins CXCL9, CXCL 2, CXCL5 and CXCL11 in human retinal cells. (resveratrolnews.com)
Chemokine-induced CXCR3 down-regulation occurred in a rapid, dose-dependent manner, with CXCL11 the most potent and efficacious ligand. (uea.ac.uk)

19. Plasma levels of monokine induced by interferon-gamma/chemokine (C-X-X motif) ligand 9, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 in children with Kawasaki disease. (nih.gov)
Chemokine (CXC motif) ligand (CXCL)9 (CXCL9) has been shown to be involved in autoimmune thyroid disorders, however no data are present about CXCL9 circulating levels in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) vs controls. (unime.it)
This technology describes monoclonal antibodies against mouse chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9), also known as Monokine induced by gamma interferon (Mig). (nih.gov)

17. Antifibrotic effects of CXCL9 and its receptor CXCR3 in livers of mice and humans. (nih.gov)
An INTEFERON-inducible CXC chemokine that is specific for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR . (nih.gov)
Pharmacological inhibition confirmed a C-X-C chemokine receptor 3-mediated pathway involvement in the CBox toxicity. (cdc.gov)
The mouse herpesvirus 68-encoded chemokine decoy receptor M3 can broadly engage these chemokines with high affinity. (wustl.edu)
The chemokine receptor CXCR3 is expressed on the surface of both resting and activated T lymphocytes. (uea.ac.uk)

The encoded protein binds to C-X-C motif chemokine 3 and is a chemoattractant for lymphocytes but not for neutrophils. (nih.gov)
Because chemokine network is involved in OC progression, we evaluated associations between chemokine expression and survival in tumor suppressor protein p53 (TP53) wild-type (TP53WT) and mutant (TP53m) OC datasets. (nih.gov)
NUS scientists have discovered that blood levels of the chemokine protein CXCL9 reliably predict the risk of osteoporotic hip fractures in Chinese men. (medicalxpress.com)
Pharmacological inhibitor studies confirmed an oxidant/MAPK/NFkb dependent pro-inflammatory response (gene and protein expression of CXCL9, 10, 11, TNF-a, IL-6) in mice and in in vitro exposed macrophages. (cdc.gov)
The expression of CCL1, CXCL9, and CCL21 protein was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and was mostly associated with the infiltrating cells. (wustl.edu)
CXCL9 Protein In Blood Determines "How Far Along A Person Is In Their Inexorable March To The Grave. (resveratrolnews.com)
The team of investigators identified CXCL9, an inflammatory protein that biologists call chemokines, as the strongest contributor to iAge. (resveratrolnews.com)
CXCL9 is a secreted protein that functions to attract white cells and increased expression of CXCL9 has been linked to several diseases. (nih.gov)
In contrast to other chemokine receptors, which are largely recycled to the cell surface within an hour, cell surface replenishment of CXCR3 occurred over several hours and was dependent upon mRNA transcription, de novo protein synthesis, and transport through the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. (uea.ac.uk)

A signature of rescue was revealed in gene profiling studies in which a group of cytokines and chemokines were uniquely up regulated in the spleens of LM-rescued animals. (nih.gov)
Monocyte activation by the combination of irradiation and LM infection may thus create conditions of rescue by producing cytokines and chemokines that enhance clearance of LM and rescue CD8+ CTL mediating vaccine immunity. (nih.gov)
Human Qbeads Inflammation Panel Kit allows the measurement of seven human cytokines and chemokines from either serum or in vitro samples. (sartorius.com)
The cytokines/chemokines included are implicated in inflammatory responses to disease states including autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and infections, including viral infections such as COVID-19. (sartorius.com)
EGFR, HER2) on melanoma cells, and(b) CL-11-dependent promotion of immunosuppressive TME, characterized by a high proportion of myeloid cells and a low proportion of lymphocytes, lack of cytotoxic T cell infiltrating in the tumor core, increased angiogenesis, low levels of intratumor expression of cytokines/chemokines with antitumor properties (e.g. (bioz.com)

Polymorphisms of CXCR3-binding chemokines in type 1 diabetes. (cdc.gov)
CD183, also known as CXCR3, is a member of the C-X-C chemokine family, characterized by a pair of cysteine residues separated by a single amino acid. (elabscience.com)

These included factors important in resistance to LM, such as proinflammatory factors, CCL2, TNFα, IL-6, and bacterocidal factors CXCL9, 10, and 11 as well as anti-apoptotic factors including IL-15 and IER3 which may have a role in rescue of memory CTL. (nih.gov)

CXCL9 and its family of inflammatory proteins activate lymphocytes , white blood cells such as natural killer cells, T-cells (thymus cells), and B-cells (bone marrow cells) that are mainly found in lymph fluid that bathe tissues throughout the human body. (resveratrolnews.com)

The Luster Laboratory at Massachusetts General Hospital investigates chemokines, lipid chemoattractants and their receptors in normal physiology and disease. (massgeneral.org)
Many of these genes produce chemokines or chemokine receptors that regulate leukocyte trafficking. (castletestinfo.com)

5. The proinflammatory CXC-chemokines GRO-alpha/CXCL1 and MIG/CXCL9 are concomitantly expressed in ulcerative colitis and decrease during treatment with topical corticosteroids. (nih.gov)

With the exception of CCL20 and CCL19, chemokines were not significantly expressed in islets from wild-type mice before MLDS treatment. (wustl.edu)

8. Progression of autoimmune hepatitis is mediated by IL-18-producing dendritic cells and hepatic CXCL9 expression in mice. (nih.gov)

Exploring the Correlation of Abnormal CXCL9 Expression with Immune Infiltration in Glioma and Patient Prognosis Based on TCGA and GTEx Databases. (nih.gov)
We investigated the mRNA expression of chemokines known to target CD8+ T cells and CD4(+) T-helper 1 cells in the lungs of C3H/HeN mice infected with Rickettsia conorii with the purpose of identifying evidence for a role of chemokines in the immune clearance of rickettsiae from the vasculature. (nih.gov)
To test whether the influx of inflammatory cells was associated with changes in the expression of chemokines, we measured the expression of all known chemokine ligands by real-time quantitative PCR in isolated islets. (wustl.edu)

As these chemokines recruit Th1, Th17, and activated CD8+ T cells, increased serum levels of these chemokines might correlate with the positive feedback of inflammatory reactions related to AEs. (elsevierpure.com)

CXCL9 influences the tumor immune microenvironment by stimulating JAK/STAT pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. (nih.gov)

The role of M3 in chemokine blockade during insulitis was further supported by in vitro experiments demonstrating that multiple chemokines up-regulated during islet inflammation are high-affinity M3 ligands that can be simultaneously sequestered. (wustl.edu)

This antimicrobial gene is part of a chemokine superfamily that encodes secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. (nih.gov)
16. The MIG Chemokine in Inflammatory Myopathies. (nih.gov)
Ter119 attenuated chemokine production from the synovial fluid and prevented the accumulation of inflammatory cells and complement components in the synovium. (neurosciencenews.com)
Islets from MLDS-treated RIP-M3 mice had fewer inflammatory cells and expressed lower levels of chemokines than those from MLDS-treated controls. (wustl.edu)
That is because National Institutes of Health (NIH) researchers reported in 2015 that the red wine molecule resveratrol demonstrably inhibits CXCL9 and other CX family inflammatory proteins. (resveratrolnews.com)

CXCL9 and the other CX family proteins should not be completely abolished as they are part of the human immune response. (resveratrolnews.com)

CXCL9 not only activates genes involved in inflammation but also induces cellular senescence, blood vessel aging, and adverse changes in the size, mass and function of the heart. (resveratrolnews.com)

19. CXCL9 chemokine promotes the progression of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma through STAT3-dependent cytotoxic T lymphocyte suppression. (nih.gov)

Among AT patients, CXCL9 levels were significantly higher in patients older than 50 years, those with a hypoechoic ultrasonographic pattern or with hypothyroidism. (unime.it)

The role of chemokines in regulating the immune response to tumors and cancer immunotherapy is also studied. (massgeneral.org)

To test whether a blockade of chemokine function would alter the onset or magnitude of insulitis and diabetes, we used transgenic mice expressing M3 in β cells (rat insulin promoter (RIP)-M3 mice). (wustl.edu)

Epigenetic "silencing" of CXCL9 reverses chronic inflammation. (resveratrolnews.com)

Therapeutic effects of CXCL9-overexpressing human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on liver fibrosis in rats. (nih.gov)

Research in the Luster lab is varied and has historically focused on chemokines, immune cell trafficking, and resident memory effector and regulatory cells in regulating tissue immunity. (massgeneral.org)

One unifying principle under investigation is determining the role of specific chemokine systems in establishing tissue niches for the differentiation and maintenance of specific T cell populations, such as resident memory T cells in the lung and stem-like CD8 + and CD4 + T cells in the tumor microenvironment. (massgeneral.org)
CXCL9 is called into action when white blood cells are required to respond to infection. (resveratrolnews.com)
Chemokines can suppress or promote the growth of a neoplasm by acting on cells of the tumor microenvironment, including leukocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, but they may also affect tumor cells themselves by regulating migration, invasion, proliferation, and resistance to chemotherapy. (castletestinfo.com)

Taken together, specific chemokine signatures may differentially influence OS in TP53WT and TP53m OC. (nih.gov)

We show that circulating CXCL9 is increased in patients with aggressive thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. (unime.it)

These results implicate chemokines as key mediators of insulitis and suggest that their blockade may represent a novel strategy to prevent insulitis and islet destruction. (wustl.edu)

Chemokine Network and Overall Survival in TP53 Wild-Type and Mutant Ovarian Cancer. (nih.gov)

4. Alpha chemokines in Crohn's disease. (nih.gov)

Anatomy23

Organisms5

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs69

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes20

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients. (1/340)

The T cell-specific CXC chemokines IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC are expressed by activated human bronchial epithelial cells. (2/340)

Gene expression and production of the monokine induced by IFN-gamma (MIG), IFN-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), and IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) chemokines by human neutrophils. (3/340)

Interleukin-18, interferon-gamma, IP-10, and Mig expression in Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. (4/340)

Intradermal delivery of IL-12 naked DNA induces systemic NK cell activation and Th1 response in vivo that is independent of endogenous IL-12 production. (5/340)

SLC/exodus2/6Ckine/TCA4 induces chemotaxis of hematopoietic progenitor cells: differential activity of ligands of CCR7, CXCR3, or CXCR4 in chemotaxis vs. suppression of progenitor proliferation. (6/340)

The CXCR3 activating chemokines IP-10, Mig, and IP-9 are expressed in allergic but not in irritant patch test reactions. (7/340)

Differential expression of three T lymphocyte-activating CXC chemokines by human atheroma-associated cells. (8/340)

Chemokine CXCL12

Chemokine CXCL13

Chemokine CXCL10

Chemokine CXCL6

Chemokine CXCL11

Chemokine CXCL1

Chemokine CXCL9

Chemokines, CXC

Receptors, Chemokine

Receptors, CXCR

Chemokine CXCL5

Receptors, CXCR4

Receptors, CXCR3

Chemokines

Chemokine CCL5

Receptors, CXCR5

Receptors, Interleukin-8B

Chemokine CCL2

Chemokine CXCL2

Chemokine CCL21

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte

Chemokine CCL4

Cell Movement

Chemokine CCL22

Chemokine CCL3

Chemokine CCL17

Receptors, Scavenger

Chemokine CCL19

Chemokine CX3CL1

Chemokines, CC

Interleukin-8

Heterocyclic Compounds

Chemotaxis

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Platelet Factor 4

Chemokine CCL7

Chemokine CCL20

Cells, Cultured

Chemokine CCL11

Chemokine CCL1

Neutrophil Infiltration

Signal Transduction

Chemokine CCL27

Mice, Knockout

Up-Regulation

Flow Cytometry

Receptors, CCR2

Receptors, CCR1

RNA, Messenger

Receptors, CCR5

Chemokine CCL8

Cytokines

Inflammation

Gene Expression Regulation

Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins

Cell Line, Tumor

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Receptors, CCR4

Receptors, Interleukin-8A

Mice, Inbred BALB C

T-Lymphocytes

Receptors, CCR3

Immunohistochemistry

Cell Adhesion

Macrophages

Endothelial Cells

Receptors, CCR7

Cell Line

Disease Models, Animal

Receptors, CCR10

Mice, Transgenic

Receptors, CCR8

Cell Proliferation

Interferon-gamma

Chemokine CCL24

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Receptors, Cytokine

Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins

Blotting, Western