Chemokine CXCL12
Chemokine CXCL13
Chemokine CXCL10
Chemokine CXCL6
Chemokine CXCL11
Chemokine CXCL1
Chemokines, CXC
Receptors, Chemokine
Chemokine CXCL5
Receptors, CXCR4
Receptors, CXCR3
Chemokines
Chemokine CCL5
Receptors, CXCR5
Receptors, Interleukin-8B
Chemokine CCL2
Chemokine CXCL2
Chemokine CCL21
Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
Chemokine CCL4
Cell Movement
Chemokine CCL22
Chemokine CCL3
Chemokine CCL17
Receptors, Scavenger
Chemokine CCL19
Chemokine CX3CL1
Chemokines, CC
Interleukin-8
Heterocyclic Compounds
Chemotaxis
Platelet Factor 4
Chemokine CCL7
Chemokine CCL20
Cells, Cultured
Chemokine CCL11
Chemokine CCL1
Neutrophil Infiltration
Signal Transduction
Chemokine CCL27
Mice, Knockout
Up-Regulation
Flow Cytometry
Receptors, CCR2
Receptors, CCR1
RNA, Messenger
Receptors, CCR5
Chemokine CCL8
Cytokines
Inflammation
Gene Expression Regulation
Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Receptors, CCR4
Receptors, Interleukin-8A
T-Lymphocytes
Receptors, CCR3
Immunohistochemistry
Macrophages
Endothelial Cells
Receptors, CCR7
Disease Models, Animal
Receptors, CCR10
Mice, Transgenic
Receptors, CCR8
Interferon-gamma
Chemokine CCL24
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Receptors, Cytokine
Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins
Blotting, Western
Gene Expression
Protein Binding
Bone Marrow Cells
Gene Expression Profiling
Chemokines, CX3C
Chemotactic Factors
Receptors, CCR6
Cell Differentiation
Transfection
Monokines
Monocytes
Neutrophils
Ligands
Receptors, HIV
Duffy Blood-Group System
Dendritic Cells
Cell Migration Inhibition
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Inflammation Mediators
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
NF-kappa B
Lung
Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil
Leukocytes
Molecular Sequence Data
HIV-1
Stromal Cells
Down-Regulation
Lipopolysaccharides
Th2 Cells
Epithelial Cells
Amino Acid Sequence
Lymph Nodes
Leukocytes, Mononuclear
Th1 Cells
Angiostatic Proteins
Lymphocyte Activation
Eosinophils
Immunity, Innate
Lymphoid Tissue
T-Lymphocyte Subsets
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Coculture Techniques
Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients. (1/1046)
Chemokines direct tissue invasion by specific leukocyte populations. Thus, chemokines may play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS), an idiopathic disorder in which the central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory reaction is largely restricted to mononuclear phagocytes and T cells. We asked whether specific chemokines were expressed in the CNS during acute demyelinating events by analyzing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), whose composition reflects the CNS extracellular space. During MS attacks, we found elevated CSF levels of three chemokines that act toward T cells and mononuclear phagocytes: interferon-gamma-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10); monokine induced by interferon-gamma (Mig); and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). We then investigated whether specific chemokine receptors were expressed by infiltrating cells in demyelinating MS brain lesions and in CSF. CXCR3, an IP-10/Mig receptor, was expressed on lymphocytic cells in virtually every perivascular inflammatory infiltrate in active MS lesions. CCR5, a RANTES receptor, was detected on lymphocytic cells, macrophages, and microglia in actively demyelinating MS brain lesions. Compared with circulating T cells, CSF T cells were significantly enriched for cells expressing CXCR3 or CCR5. Our results imply pathogenic roles for specific chemokine-chemokine receptor interactions in MS and suggest new molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. (+info)The T cell-specific CXC chemokines IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC are expressed by activated human bronchial epithelial cells. (2/1046)
Recruitment of activated T cells to mucosal surfaces, such as the airway epithelium, is important in host defense and for the development of inflammatory diseases at these sites. We therefore asked whether the CXC chemokines IFN-induced protein of 10 kDa (IP-10), monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig), and IFN-inducible T-cell alpha-chemoattractant (I-TAC), which specifically chemoattract activated T cells by signaling through the chemokine receptor CXCR3, were inducible in respiratory epithelial cells. The effects of proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-gamma (Th1-type cytokine), Th2-type cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13), and dexamethasone were studied in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEC) and in two human respiratory epithelial cell lines, A549 and BEAS-2B. We found that IFN-gamma, but not TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta, strongly induced IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC mRNA accumulation mainly in NHBEC and that TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta synergized with IFN-gamma induction in all three cell types. High levels of IP-10 protein (> 800 ng/ml) were detected in supernatants of IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha-stimulated NHBEC. Neither dexamethasone nor Th2 cytokines modulated IP-10, Mig, or I-TAC expression. Since IFN-gamma is up-regulated in tuberculosis (TB), using in situ hybridization we studied the expression of IP-10 in the airways of TB patients and found that IP-10 mRNA was expressed in the bronchial epithelium. In addition, IP-10-positive cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage were significantly increased in TB patients compared with normal controls. These results show that activated bronchial epithelium is an important source of IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC, which may, in pulmonary diseases such as TB (in which IFN-gamma is highly expressed) play an important role in the recruitment of activated T cells. (+info)CD40 ligand-CD40 interaction induces chemokines in cervical carcinoma cells in synergism with IFN-gamma. (3/1046)
Cellular immunity plays a major role in controlling human papilloma virus infection and development of cervical carcinoma. Mononuclear cell infiltration possibly due to the action of chemokines becomes prominent in the tumor tissue. In fact, the macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1, was detected in cervical squamous cell carcinoma in situ, whereas absent in cultured cells. From this, unknown environmental factors were postulated regulating chemokine expression in vivo. In this study, we show high CD40 expression on cervical carcinoma cells and CD40 ligand (CD40L) staining on attracted T cells in tumor tissue, suggesting a paracrine stimulation mechanism via CD40L-CD40 interactions. We therefore investigated chemokine synthesis in nonmalignant and malignant human papilloma virus-positive cell lines after CD40L exposure. Constitutive expression of MCP-1, MCP-3, RANTES, and IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 was almost undetectable in all cell lines tested. CD40L was able to induce MCP-1 production; however, despite much higher CD40 expression in malignant cells, MCP-1 induction was significantly lower compared with nontumorigenic cells. After sensitization with IFN-gamma, another T cell-derived cytokine showing minimal effects on CD40 expression levels, CD40 ligation led to a more than 20-fold MCP-1 induction in carcinoma cell lines. An even stronger effect was observed for IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10. Our study highlights the synergism of T cell-derived mediators such as CD40L and IFN-gamma for chemokine responses in cervical carcinoma cells, helping to understand the chemokine expression patterns observed in vivo. (+info)Gene expression and production of the monokine induced by IFN-gamma (MIG), IFN-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), and IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) chemokines by human neutrophils. (4/1046)
Monokine induced by IFN-gamma (MIG), IFN-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), and IFN-gamma-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10) are related members of the CXC chemokine subfamily that bind to a common receptor, CXCR3, and that are produced by different cell types in response to IFN-gamma. We have recently reported that human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) have the capacity to release IP-10. Herein, we show that PMN also have the ability to produce MIG and to express I-TAC mRNA in response to IFN-gamma in combination with either TNF-alpha or LPS. While IFN-gamma, alone or in association with agonists such as fMLP, IL-8, granulocyte (G)-CSF and granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF, failed to influence MIG, IP-10, and I-TAC gene expression, IFN-alpha, in combination with TNF-alpha, LPS, or IL-1beta, resulted in a considerable induction of IP-10 release by neutrophils. Furthermore, IL-10 and IL-4 significantly suppressed the expression of MIG, IP-10, and I-TAC mRNA and the extracellular production of MIG and IP-10 in neutrophils stimulated with IFN-gamma plus either LPS or TNF-alpha. Finally, supernatants harvested from stimulated PMN induced migration and rapid integrin-dependent adhesion of CXCR3-expressing lymphocytes; these activities were significantly reduced by neutralizing anti-MIG and anti-IP-10 Abs, suggesting that they were mediated by MIG and IP-10 present in the supernatants. Since MIG, IP-10, and I-TAC are potent chemoattractants for NK cells and Th1 lymphocytes, the ability of neutrophils to produce these chemokines might contribute not only to the progression and evolution of the inflammatory response, but also to the regulation of the immune response. (+info)Differential induction of adhesion molecule and chemokine expression by LTalpha3 and LTalphabeta in inflammation elucidates potential mechanisms of mesenteric and peripheral lymph node development. (5/1046)
Lymphotoxin (LT) is a member of the proinflammatory TNF family of cytokines that plays a critical role in the development of lymphoid tissue. It has previously been reported that the presence of the LTalpha transgene under the control of the rat insulin promoter results in inflammation at the sites of transgene expression. LTalpha transgene expression results in expression of the adhesion molecules VCAM, ICAM, peripheral node addressin (a marker of peripheral lymph nodes), and mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule (a marker of mucosal lymphoid tissue, including mesenteric lymph nodes). In this study to determine the mechanisms by which LT promotes inflammation and lymphoid tissue organization, we analyzed the regulation of expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines in LT transgenic mice. The results demonstrate that LTalpha3 induces expression of the adhesion molecules VCAM, ICAM, and mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule as well as the chemokines RANTES, IFN-inducible protein-10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1, while LTalphabeta is required for the induction of peripheral node addressin that may contribute to the recruitment of L-selectinhigh CD44low naive T cells. These data provide candidate mediators of LT-induced inflammation as well as potential mechanisms by which LTalpha and LTalphabeta may differentially promote the development of mesenteric and peripheral lymph nodes. (+info)Early gene expression of NK cell-activating chemokines in mice resistant to Leishmania major. (6/1046)
Susceptibility of mice to Leishmania major is associated with an insufficient NK cell-mediated innate immune response. We analyzed the expression of NK cell-activating chemokines in vivo during the first days of infection in resistant and susceptible mice. The mRNA expression of gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and lymphotactin was upregulated 1 day after infection in the draining lymph nodes of resistant C57BL/6 mice but not in those of susceptible BALB/c mice. In vivo local treatment of BALB/c mice with recombinant IP-10 shortly after infection resulted in an enhanced NK cell activity in the draining lymph node. The data suggest that although the recruitment of NK cells is normal in susceptible mice, the lack of NK cell-activating chemokines is a factor resulting in a suboptimal NK cell-mediated defense. (+info)Acquisition of selectin binding and peripheral homing properties by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. (7/1046)
Different T cell subsets exhibit distinct capacities to migrate into peripheral sites of inflammation, and this may in part reflect differential expression of homing receptors and chemokine receptors. Using an adoptive transfer approach, we examined the ability of functionally distinct subsets of T cells to home to a peripheral inflammatory site. The data directly demonstrate the inability of naive T cells and the ability of effector cells to home to inflamed peritoneum. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)-12 directs the differentiation of either CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells into effector populations that expresses functional E- and P-selectin ligand and that are preferentially recruited into the inflamed peritoneum compared with T cells differentiated in the presence of IL-4. Recruitment can be blocked by anti-E- and -P-selectin antibodies. The presence of antigen in the peritoneum promotes local proliferation of recruited T cells, and significantly amplifies the Th1 polarization of the lymphocytic infiltrate. Preferential recruitment of Th1 cells into the peritoneum is also seen when cytokine response gene 2 (CRG-2)/interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) is used as the sole inflammatory stimulus. We have also found that P-selectin binds only to antigen-specific T cells in draining lymph nodes after immunization, implying that both antigen- and cytokine-mediated signals are required for expression of functional selectin-ligand. (+info)CCR5(+) and CXCR3(+) T cells are increased in multiple sclerosis and their ligands MIP-1alpha and IP-10 are expressed in demyelinating brain lesions. (8/1046)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell-dependent chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The role of chemokines in MS and its different stages is uncertain. Recent data suggest a bias in expression of chemokine receptors by Th1 vs. Th2 cells; human Th1 clones express CXCR3 and CCR5 and Th2 clones express CCR3 and CCR4. Chemokine receptors expressed by Th1 cells may be important in MS, as increased interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) precedes clinical attacks, and IFN-gamma injection induces disease exacerbations. We found CXCR3(+) T cells increased in blood of relapsing-remitting MS, and both CCR5(+) and CXCR3(+) T cells increased in progressive MS compared with controls. Furthermore, peripheral blood CCR5(+) T cells secreted high levels of IFN-gamma. In the brain, the CCR5 ligand, MIP-1alpha, was strongly associated with microglia/macrophages, and the CXCR3 ligand, IP-10, was expressed by astrocytes in MS lesions but not unaffected white matter of control or MS subjects. Areas of plaque formation were infiltrated by CCR5-expressing and, to a lesser extent, CXCR3-expressing cells; Interleukin (IL)-18 and IFN-gamma were expressed in demyelinating lesions. No leukocyte expression of CCR3, CCR4, or six other chemokines, or anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-beta was observed. Thus, chemokine receptor expression may be used for immunologic staging of MS and potentially for other chronic autoimmune/inflammatory processes such as rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diabetes, or chronic transplant rejection. Furthermore, these results provide a rationale for the use of agents that block CCR5 and/or CXCR3 as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of MS. (+info)There are several key features of inflammation:
1. Increased blood flow: Blood vessels in the affected area dilate, allowing more blood to flow into the tissue and bringing with it immune cells, nutrients, and other signaling molecules.
2. Leukocyte migration: White blood cells, such as neutrophils and monocytes, migrate towards the site of inflammation in response to chemical signals.
3. Release of mediators: Inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, are released by immune cells and other cells in the affected tissue. These molecules help to coordinate the immune response and attract more immune cells to the site of inflammation.
4. Activation of immune cells: Immune cells, such as macrophages and T cells, become activated and start to phagocytose (engulf) pathogens or damaged tissue.
5. Increased heat production: Inflammation can cause an increase in metabolic activity in the affected tissue, leading to increased heat production.
6. Redness and swelling: Increased blood flow and leakiness of blood vessels can cause redness and swelling in the affected area.
7. Pain: Inflammation can cause pain through the activation of nociceptors (pain-sensing neurons) and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators.
Inflammation can be acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is a short-term response to injury or infection, which helps to resolve the issue quickly. Chronic inflammation is a long-term response that can cause ongoing damage and diseases such as arthritis, asthma, and cancer.
There are several types of inflammation, including:
1. Acute inflammation: A short-term response to injury or infection.
2. Chronic inflammation: A long-term response that can cause ongoing damage and diseases.
3. Autoimmune inflammation: An inappropriate immune response against the body's own tissues.
4. Allergic inflammation: An immune response to a harmless substance, such as pollen or dust mites.
5. Parasitic inflammation: An immune response to parasites, such as worms or fungi.
6. Bacterial inflammation: An immune response to bacteria.
7. Viral inflammation: An immune response to viruses.
8. Fungal inflammation: An immune response to fungi.
There are several ways to reduce inflammation, including:
1. Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
2. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, stress management, and getting enough sleep.
3. Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, herbal supplements, and mind-body practices.
4. Addressing underlying conditions, such as hormonal imbalances, gut health issues, and chronic infections.
5. Using anti-inflammatory compounds found in certain foods, such as omega-3 fatty acids, turmeric, and ginger.
It's important to note that chronic inflammation can lead to a range of health problems, including:
1. Arthritis
2. Diabetes
3. Heart disease
4. Cancer
5. Alzheimer's disease
6. Parkinson's disease
7. Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
Therefore, it's important to manage inflammation effectively to prevent these complications and improve overall health and well-being.
1) They share similarities with humans: Many animal species share similar biological and physiological characteristics with humans, making them useful for studying human diseases. For example, mice and rats are often used to study diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer because they have similar metabolic and cardiovascular systems to humans.
2) They can be genetically manipulated: Animal disease models can be genetically engineered to develop specific diseases or to model human genetic disorders. This allows researchers to study the progression of the disease and test potential treatments in a controlled environment.
3) They can be used to test drugs and therapies: Before new drugs or therapies are tested in humans, they are often first tested in animal models of disease. This allows researchers to assess the safety and efficacy of the treatment before moving on to human clinical trials.
4) They can provide insights into disease mechanisms: Studying disease models in animals can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. This information can then be used to develop new treatments or improve existing ones.
5) Reduces the need for human testing: Using animal disease models reduces the need for human testing, which can be time-consuming, expensive, and ethically challenging. However, it is important to note that animal models are not perfect substitutes for human subjects, and results obtained from animal studies may not always translate to humans.
6) They can be used to study infectious diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study infectious diseases such as HIV, TB, and malaria. These models allow researchers to understand how the disease is transmitted, how it progresses, and how it responds to treatment.
7) They can be used to study complex diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study complex diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. These models allow researchers to understand the underlying mechanisms of the disease and test potential treatments.
8) They are cost-effective: Animal disease models are often less expensive than human clinical trials, making them a cost-effective way to conduct research.
9) They can be used to study drug delivery: Animal disease models can be used to study drug delivery and pharmacokinetics, which is important for developing new drugs and drug delivery systems.
10) They can be used to study aging: Animal disease models can be used to study the aging process and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This allows researchers to understand how aging contributes to disease and develop potential treatments.
Chemokine
CXCL10
CXC chemokine receptors
CXCL9
Transcription elongation regulator 1
CXCR3
Specialized pro-resolving mediators
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis
CXCR5
Interleukin 12
Cell-mediated immunity
Immunoediting
CXCL11
Andrew D. Luster
SNX8
Murine respirovirus
Noscapine
Immunologic Constant of Rejection
Keratinocyte
Eldelumab
Enadenotucirev
CCL17
Index of immunology articles
Chromosome 4
Robyn S. Klein
Thiamazole
2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championships
Bolley Johnson
Don't Say No
Dewoitine D.371
CXCL10 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
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Tick-Borne Diseases - Ontology Report - Rat Genome Database
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CXCL9 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
Frontiers | Systems Biomedicine of Rabies Delineates the Affected Signaling Pathways
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination
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Luster Lab: Andrew D. Luster, MD, PhD
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Probiotic/prebiotic supplementation of antiretrovirals improves gastrointestinal immunity in SIV-infected macaques
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NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
Ligand4
- This antimicrobial gene encodes a chemokine of the CXC subfamily and ligand for the receptor CXCR3. (nih.gov)
- Chemokine (CXC motif) ligand (CXCL)9 (CXCL9) has been shown to be involved in autoimmune thyroid disorders, however no data are present about CXCL9 circulating levels in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) vs controls. (unime.it)
- Finally, subjects with autoantibodies had lower amounts of serum chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 compared with autoantibody-negative subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Compared with the virus-negative asymptomatic condition, child ren with severe colds (symptom score =5) showed reduced forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of the pulmonary volume (FEF25%-75%), higher nasal messenger RNA expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)-10 and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5, and higher protein abundance of CXCL8, CXCL10 and C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCL)-2, CCL4, CCL20, and CCL24. (cdc.gov)
Cytokines and chemokines2
- Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are often elevated in COVID-19 patients, especially interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-10, as well as factors such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and chemokines IP10 (CXCL-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) (CCL2), and macrophage inflammatory proteins 1a (MIP1a) (CCL3). (news-medical.net)
- Progressive elevation of levels of numerous inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (including IL-6, CXCL10, and GM-CSF) were associated with severity and accompanied by elevated markers of endothelial injury and thrombosis. (unboundmedicine.com)
CCL22
- Ter119 dose-dependently induced plasma chemokines CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL11 with corresponding alterations in monocyte percentages in the blood and liver within 24 hours. (neurosciencenews.com)
- 2016. Voluntary exercise blocks Western diet-induced gene expression of the chemokines CXCL10 and CCL2 in the prefrontal cortex. (uc.edu)
CXCL9 and CXCL103
- The expression of the CXCR3 ligands CXCL9 and CXCL10 was significantly higher than the other chemokines investigated. (nih.gov)
- We then characterized the kinetics and localization of expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in lungs, brain, and liver of mice infected with lethal or sublethal doses of R. conorii by a combination of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. (nih.gov)
- A strong relation between circulating CXCL9 and CXCL10 has been first shown, underlining the importance of a T helper 1 immune attack in the initiation of AT. (unime.it)
Protein1
- The encoded protein binds to C-X-C motif chemokine 3 and is a chemoattractant for lymphocytes but not for neutrophils. (nih.gov)
Antimicrobial gene1
- This antimicrobial gene is part of a chemokine superfamily that encodes secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. (nih.gov)
Inflammatory3
- Recently, it has been shown that mast cells can be directly activated in response to IAV, releasing mediators such histamine, proteases, leukotrienes, inflammatory cytokines, and antiviral chemokines, which participate in the excessive inflammatory and pathological response observed during IAV infections. (frontiersin.org)
- Ter119 attenuated chemokine production from the synovial fluid and prevented the accumulation of inflammatory cells and complement components in the synovium. (neurosciencenews.com)
- Chemokines are a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. (nih.gov)
Lymphocytes1
- A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON and is chemotactic for MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES . (nih.gov)
Receptors2
- The Luster Laboratory at Massachusetts General Hospital investigates chemokines, lipid chemoattractants and their receptors in normal physiology and disease. (massgeneral.org)
- It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. (nih.gov)
CXCR31
- Polymorphisms of CXCR3-binding chemokines in type 1 diabetes. (cdc.gov)
Subfamily1
- This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. (nih.gov)
Mice2
- We investigated the mRNA expression of chemokines known to target CD8+ T cells and CD4(+) T-helper 1 cells in the lungs of C3H/HeN mice infected with Rickettsia conorii with the purpose of identifying evidence for a role of chemokines in the immune clearance of rickettsiae from the vasculature. (nih.gov)
- Moreover, 1B6 recognized glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-bound CXCL10, resulting in target-mediated clearance, which was corroborated using CXCL10-deficient mice . (bvsalud.org)
Serum2
- CXCL10 serves as a potential serum biomarker complementing SCC-Ag for diagnosing cervical squamous cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
- Serum CXCL9 (and for comparison CXCL10) has been measured in patients with AT vs normal control and nontoxic multinodular goiter, and this parameter has been related to the clinical phenotype. (unime.it)
Regulatory cells1
- Research in the Luster lab is varied and has historically focused on chemokines, immune cell trafficking, and resident memory effector and regulatory cells in regulating tissue immunity. (massgeneral.org)
Role3
- What Is Currently Known about the Role of CXCL10 in SARS-CoV-2 Infection? (nih.gov)
- The role of chemokines in regulating the immune response to tumors and cancer immunotherapy is also studied. (massgeneral.org)
- One unifying principle under investigation is determining the role of specific chemokine systems in establishing tissue niches for the differentiation and maintenance of specific T cell populations, such as resident memory T cells in the lung and stem-like CD8 + and CD4 + T cells in the tumor microenvironment. (massgeneral.org)
Plasma1
- The neutrophil-related cytokines IL-36α, -β and -γ were quantified (ELISA) along with IL-6, IL-8, INF-γ and CXCL10 (U-Plex ® ) in plasma and cell-free BAL fluid (BALF). (dovepress.com)
Levels1
- The RV copy number was associated with nasal chemokine levels but not symptom score. (cdc.gov)
Patients1
- The Chemokine MIG is Associated with an Increased Risk of COVID-19 Mortality in Mexican Patients. (nih.gov)
Drug1
- In contrast to 1B6, 1F11 inhibited the interaction of CXCL10 with GAGs, did not recognize GAG-bound CXCL10, and did not display target-mediated drug disposition. (bvsalud.org)
Blood1
- In this group, the concentration of IL-36α in BALF correlated in a negative manner with fasting glucose, blood neutrophil concentration and FEV 1 , while the CXCL10 concentration in BALF correlated in a negative manner with glucose at the end of OGTT (120 min). (dovepress.com)
Autoimmune diseases1
- 5. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)10 in autoimmune diseases. (nih.gov)
Receptor2
- In order to further define the role of the TNFRI (p55) receptor in induction of profibrotic chemokines by low-dose silica/crystalline silica (50 micro g/50 micro l/mouse) or control diluent saline was instilled into the trachea of TNFRI gene ablated ((-/-)) and C57BL/6 (WT) control mice. (nih.gov)
- From NCBI Gene: This antimicrobial gene encodes a chemokine of the CXC subfamily and ligand for the receptor CXCR3. (nih.gov)
Antimicrobial3
- Antimicrobial chemokines tend to contain amphipathic alpha helical secondary structure, and broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram negative bacteria, as well as fungi. (nih.gov)
- Conversely, several bacteria have been identified that possess mechanisms for specifically blocking the antimicrobial activities of chemokines. (nih.gov)
- More research will be needed to determine whether chemokines with direct antimicrobial activity may be translated into a novel class of antibiotics. (nih.gov)
CCL31
- CCL3 in Cancers Chemokine receptors are expressed on APCs and are promising targets for idiotype (Id) vaccines, the V antigenic determinants region produced by B lymphomas and multiple myelomas. (medscape.com)
Protein1
- Selected profibrotic chemokine mRNAs were quantified by ribonuclease protection assay, normalized to ribosomal protein L32 mRNA content and expressed relative to saline control treated lungs. (nih.gov)
Targets1
- Results: Targets in inflammatory chemokine signaling, the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway, and the plasminogen-activating system were strongly perturbed by some chemicals, and we found positive correlations with developmental effects from the U.S. EPA ToxRefDB (Toxicological Reference Database) in vivo database containing prenatal rat and rabbit guideline studies. (nih.gov)
Chemotactic2
Type1
- Polymorphisms of CXCR3-binding chemokines in type 1 diabetes. (cdc.gov)
Review2
- In next part of the review, various chemokines with their specific role in altering immune response to combat various diseases especially cancers will be discussed. (medscape.com)
- The discussed chemokines in this review, their synonyms, receptors, activities and sources were summarized in Table 4 . (medscape.com)
Studies1
- However, recent studies have suggested that at least some chemokines may also interfere with infectious agents directly. (nih.gov)