Chemokine ccl8. Medical search

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. It is constitutively expressed in the skin and may play a role in T-CELL trafficking during cutaneous INFLAMMATION.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards DENDRITIC CELLS and T-LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards TH2 CELLS and TC2 CELLS.

A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. It is synthesized by DENDRITIC CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; KERATINOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. It has specificity for CCR2 RECEPTORS.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards T LYMPHOCYTES and B LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC-type chemokine that is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS; MONOCYTES; and LYMPHOCYTES. It is a potent and selective eosinophil chemotaxin that is stored in and released from PLATELETS and activated T-LYMPHOCYTES. Chemokine CCL5 is specific for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR3 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS. The acronym RANTES refers to Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR6 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards DENDRITIC CELLS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; and B-LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC-type chemokine secreted by activated MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for CCR8 RECEPTORS.

Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils.

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES; and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

A monocyte chemoattractant protein that has activity towards a broad variety of immune cell types. Chemokine CCL7 has specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR2 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS.

Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. They can be divided into at least three structural branches: C; (CHEMOKINES, C); CC; (CHEMOKINES, CC); and CXC; (CHEMOKINES, CXC); according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL27. They may play a specialized role in the cutaneous homing of LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

CCR receptors with specificity for a broad variety of CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in MONOCYTES; tissue MACROPHAGES; NEUTROPHILS; and EOSINOPHILS.

A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON and is chemotactic for MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

A monocyte chemoattractant protein that attracts MONOCYTES; LYMPHOCYTES; BASOPHILS; and EOSINOPHILS. Chemokine CCL8 has specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS.

Chemokine receptors that are specific for CC CHEMOKINES.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; BASOPHILS; and NK CELLS.

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL1. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES.

A CXC chemokine with specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS. It has growth factor activities and is implicated as a oncogenic factor in several tumor types.

The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL17 and CHEMOKINE CCL22. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; MAST CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; and NK CELLS.

Group of chemokines with paired cysteines separated by a different amino acid. CXC chemokines are chemoattractants for neutrophils but not monocytes.

A CX3C chemokine that is a transmembrane protein found on the surface of cells. The soluble form of chemokine CX3CL1 can be released from cell surface by proteolysis and act as a chemoattractant that may be involved in the extravasation of leukocytes into inflamed tissues. The membrane form of the protein may also play a role in cell adhesion.

Heparin-binding proteins that exhibit a number of inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. Originally identified as secretory products of MACROPHAGES, these chemokines are produced by a variety of cell types including NEUTROPHILS; FIBROBLASTS; and EPITHELIAL CELLS. They likely play a significant role in respiratory tract defenses.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL3; CHEMOKINE CCL4; and CHEMOKINE CCL5. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; and NK CELLS. The CCR5 receptor is used by the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS to infect cells.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL11 and a variety of other CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; BASOPHILS; and MAST CELLS.

An INTEFERON-inducible CXC chemokine that is specific for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

A CXC chemokine that is synthesized by activated MONOCYTES and NEUTROPHILS. It has specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for B-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR5 RECEPTORS.

CXCR receptors with specificity for CXCL12 CHEMOKINE. The receptors may play a role in HEMATOPOIESIS regulation and can also function as coreceptors for the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS.

A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON. It is a chemotactic factor for activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.

A CXC chemokine that has stimulatory and chemotactic activities towards NEUTROPHILS. It has specificity for CXCR1 RECEPTORS and CXCR2 RECEPTORS.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

A CXC chemokine that is predominantly expressed in EPITHELIAL CELLS. It has specificity for the CXCR2 RECEPTORS and is involved in the recruitment and activation of NEUTROPHILS.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

CXCR receptors that are expressed on the surface of a number of cell types, including T-LYMPHOCYTES; NK CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; and a subset of B-LYMPHOCYTES. The receptors are activated by CHEMOKINE CXCL9; CHEMOKINE CXCL10; and CHEMOKINE CXCL11.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

High-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors for INTERLEUKIN-8 present on NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and T-LYMPHOCYTES. These receptors also bind several other CXC CHEMOKINES.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Chemokines that are chemoattractants for monocytes. These CC chemokines (cysteines adjacent) number at least three including CHEMOKINE CCL2.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.

A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL20. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

High-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors for INTERLEUKIN-8 present on NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and BASOPHILS.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

Chemokine receptors that are specific for CXC CHEMOKINES.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Ubiquitous, inducible, nuclear transcriptional activator that binds to enhancer elements in many different cell types and is activated by pathogenic stimuli. The NF-kappa B complex is a heterodimer composed of two DNA-binding subunits: NF-kappa B1 and relA.

A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed)

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Cell surface proteins that bind cytokines and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.

CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

Group of chemokines with the first two cysteines separated by three amino acids. CX3C chemokines are chemotactic for natural killer cells, monocytes, and activated T-cells.

CXCR receptors isolated initially from BURKITT LYMPHOMA cells. CXCR5 receptors are expressed on mature, recirculating B-LYMPHOCYTES and are specific for CHEMOKINE CXCL13.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Chemical substances that attract or repel cells. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, microbial invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract LEUKOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; or other cells to the site of infection or insult.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

Soluble mediators of the immune response that are neither antibodies nor complement. They are produced largely, but not exclusively, by monocytes and macrophages.

Cellular receptors that bind the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. Included are CD4 ANTIGENS, found on T4 lymphocytes, and monocytes/macrophages, which bind to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.

A blood group consisting mainly of the antigens Fy(a) and Fy(b), determined by allelic genes, the frequency of which varies profoundly in different human groups; amorphic genes are common.

Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ECF-A, released mainly by mast cells.

The diffusion or accumulation of neutrophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

Ring compounds having atoms other than carbon in their nuclei. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The endogenous compounds that mediate inflammation (AUTACOIDS) and related exogenous compounds including the synthetic prostaglandins (PROSTAGLANDINS, SYNTHETIC).

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These cytokines influence B-cell development and antibody production as well as augmenting humoral responses.

Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated LEUKOCYTES or MACROPHAGES. Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms.

The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete interleukin-2, gamma-interferon, and interleukin-12. Due to their ability to kill antigen-presenting cells and their lymphokine-mediated effector activity, Th1 cells are associated with vigorous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.

Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.

A classification of T-lymphocytes, especially into helper/inducer, suppressor/effector, and cytotoxic subsets, based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

A CXC chemokine that is found in the alpha granules of PLATELETS. The protein has a molecular size of 7800 kDa and can occur as a monomer, a dimer or a tetramer depending upon its concentration in solution. Platelet factor 4 has a high affinity for HEPARIN and is often found complexed with GLYCOPROTEINS such as PROTEIN C.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The capacity of a normal organism to remain unaffected by microorganisms and their toxins. It results from the presence of naturally occurring ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, constitutional factors such as BODY TEMPERATURE and immediate acting immune cells such as NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, and chemicals from the environment.

Unbroken cellular lining (intima) of the lymph vessels (e.g., the high endothelial lymphatic venules). It is more permeable than vascular endothelium, lacking selective absorption and functioning mainly to remove plasma proteins that have filtered through the capillaries into the tissue spaces.

A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.

Transcriptional control of the human MCP-2 gene promoter by IFN-gamma and IL-1beta in connective tissue cells. (1/77)

Human monocyte chemotactic protein-2 (MCP-2) is a member of the CC chemokine family. It is produced by mononuclear leukocytes, diploid fibroblasts, and tumor cells after induction with IL-1beta or IFN-gamma. To understand the transcriptional regulation of the gene, we have analyzed the structure and function of the promoter region. The sequence of the 5'-flanking region was determined and the transcription start site was found to be located at 68 nucleotides upstream of the ATG translation start codon. 5'-Deletion mutants were generated and transfected into E6SM diploid fibroblasts and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. Expression was measured by luciferase assay in transfected unstimulated cells and after stimulation with IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, or a combination. The region between nucleotides -143 and -73 (relative to the transcription initiation site), containing putative cis-elements for GATA-1, H-APF1, AP-1, and GAS, is important for basal transcription levels in both cell lines. Stimulation for 18 h with IL-1beta alone failed to affect expression of any of the constructs both in diploid fibroblasts and in osteosarcoma cells. In both cell lines IFN-gamma increased the activity of all mutants that possessed the region between -340 and -301. In MG-63 cells, stimulation with the combination of IL-1beta and IFN-gamma caused an additional increase in expression of the constructs from -340 onward. Finally, the presence of transcription factors in nuclear extracts of MG-63 cells and their specificity to bind to various oligonucleotide probes in this [-340; -301] region were evidenced by electromobility shift assays. These results show that IFN-gamma, produced by lymphocytes and NK cells, induces the transcription of the MCP-2 gene in fibroblasts and thereby can indirectly contribute to recruitment of various leukocyte cell types to inflammatory sites. (+info)

Sensitivity of human immunodeficiency virus infection to various alpha, beta and gamma chemokines. (2/77)

Examination of a large panel of chemokines indicates that in addition to RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta, the beta-chemokine MCP-2 and, to a lesser extent, the gamma-chemokine lymphotactin also show anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity in cell culture. The amount of chemokine needed to suppress HIV replication by > or = 50% was generally greater (> or = 250 ng/ml) than that required for inhibition of virus infection by RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta. The beta-chemokine MCP-3 was found to enhance the replication of both non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) and syncytium-inducing (SI) viruses at high concentrations (0.5-5 microg/ml). In contrast to a previous report, macrophage-derived chemokine was not found to inhibit HIV replication of either NSI or SI viruses, but at low concentrations enhanced NSI virus replication. When small amounts of RANTES or MCP-2 were added together with high concentrations of non-inhibitory chemokines, the anti-HIV effects were countered. Information on chemokines that affect HIV infection could be useful for future therapeutic strategies. (+info)

Selective suppression of IL-12 production by chemoattractants. (3/77)

We investigated the ability of chemoattractants to affect IL-12 production by human monocytes and dendritic cells. We found that pretreatment of monocytes with macrophage chemoattractant proteins (MCP-1 to -4), or C5a, but not stromal-derived factor-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, RANTES, or eotaxin, inhibited IL-12 p70 production in response to stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus, Cowan strain 1 (SAC), and IFN-gamma. The production of TNF-alpha and IL-10, however, was minimally affected by any of the chemoattractants. The degree of inhibition of IL-12 p70 production by MCP-1 to -4 was donor dependent and was affected by the autocrine inhibitory effects of IL-10. In contrast, C5a profoundly suppressed IL-12 production in an IL-10-independent fashion. Neither TGF-beta1 nor PGE2 was important for the suppression of IL-12 by any of the chemoattractants tested. The accumulation of mRNA for both IL-12 p35 and p40 genes was inhibited by chemokine pretreatment. Interestingly, MCP-1 to -4 and C5a did not suppress IL-12 production by monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) stimulated with CD40 ligand and IFN-gamma or by SAC and IFN-gamma, suggesting that these factors may act at the site of inflammation to suppress IL-12 and IFN-gamma production rather than in the lymph node to affect T cell priming. Despite the inability of C5a to inhibit IL-12 production by DCs, the receptor for C5a (CD88) was expressed by these cells, and recombinant C5a induced a Ca2+ flux. Taken together, these results define a range of chemoattractant molecules with the ability to suppress IL-12 production by human monocytes and have broad implications for the regulation of immune responses in vivo. (+info)

Neutrophil gelatinase B potentiates interleukin-8 tenfold by aminoterminal processing, whereas it degrades CTAP-III, PF-4, and GRO-alpha and leaves RANTES and MCP-2 intact. (4/77)

Chemokines are mediators in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Aminoterminal truncation of chemokines results in altered specific activities and receptor recognition patterns. Truncated forms of the CXC chemokine interleukin (IL)-8 are more active than full-length IL-8 (1-77), provided the Glu-Leu-Arg (ELR) motif remains intact. Here, a positive feedback loop is demonstrated between gelatinase B, a major secreted matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) from neutrophils, and IL-8, the prototype chemokine active on neutrophils. Natural human neutrophil progelatinase B was purified to homogeneity and activated by stromelysin-1. Gelatinase B truncated IL-8(1-77) into IL-8(7-77), resulting in a 10- to 27-fold higher potency in neutrophil activation, as measured by the increase in intracellular Ca(++) concentration, secretion of gelatinase B, and neutrophil chemotaxis. This potentiation correlated with enhanced binding to neutrophils and increased signaling through CXC chemokine receptor-1 (CXCR1), but it was significantly less pronounced on a CXCR2-expressing cell line. Three other CXC chemokines-connective tissue-activating peptide-III (CTAP-III), platelet factor-4 (PF-4), and GRO-alpha-were degraded by gelatinase B. In contrast, the CC chemokines RANTES and monocyte chemotactic protein-2 (MCP-2) were not digested by this enzyme. The observation of differing effects of neutrophil gelatinase B on the proteolysis of IL-8 versus other CXC chemokines and on CXC receptor usage by processed IL-8 yielded insights into the relative activities of chemokines. This led to a better understanding of regulator (IL-8) and effector molecules (gelatinase B) of neutrophils and of mechanisms underlying leukocytosis, shock syndromes, and stem cell mobilization by IL-8. (Blood. 2000;96:2673-2681) (+info)

Chemokines in the limbal form of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. (5/77)

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chemokines are a family of low molecular weight cytokines that attract and activate leucocytes. The CC chemokines act on eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, suggesting that they play an important part in allergic diseases. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression of the CC chemokines, RANTES, eotaxin, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP) 1, MCP-2, and MCP-3 in the conjunctiva of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and to determine the cellular source of these chemokines. METHODS: Conjunctival biopsy specimens from nine subjects with active VKC, and six control subjects were studied by immunohistochemical techniques using a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-1, MCP-2, and MCP-3. The phenotype of inflammatory cells expressing chemokines was examined by sequential double immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: In the normal conjunctiva, superficial epithelial cells showed a constitutive, weak cytoplasmic expression of eotaxin. Few inflammatory cells in the perivascular areas expressed RANTES, MCP-1, MCP-2, and MCP-3. In VKC specimens, the epithelium showed intense cytoplasmic eotaxin staining in all cells, and cytoplasmic RANTES staining mainly in the superficial layers. Furthermore, RANTES and eotaxin were expressed on the vascular endothelium mainly in the upper substantia propria. Compared with normal controls, VKC specimens showed significantly more inflammatory cells expressing RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-1, and MCP-3 (p<0.001, 0.0028, 0.0092, and <0. 001, respectively). In VKC specimens, the numbers of inflammatory cells expressing RANTES were significantly higher than the numbers of inflammatory cells expressing eotaxin, MCP-1, and MCP-2 (all p values <0.001). Colocalisation studies revealed that the majority of inflammatory cells expressing chemokines were CD68 positive monocytes/macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate an increase in the expression of RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-1, and MCP-3 in the conjunctiva of patients with VKC compared with control subjects. These data suggest a potential role for these chemokines in the pathogenesis of VKC. Antagonists of chemokine receptors may provide new therapeutic modalities in VKC. (+info)

Basophil responses to chemokines are regulated by both sequential and cooperative receptor signaling. (6/77)

To investigate human basophil responses to chemokines, we have developed a sensitive assay that uses flow cytometry to measure leukocyte shape change as a marker of cell responsiveness. PBMC were isolated from the blood of volunteers. Basophils were identified as a single population of cells that stained positive for IL-3Ralpha (CDw123) and negative for HLA-DR, and their increase in forward scatter (as a result of cell shape change) in response to chemokines was measured. Shape change responses of basophils to chemokines were highly reproducible, with a rank order of potency: monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP) 4 (peak at <1 nM) >/= eotaxin-2 = eotaxin-3 >/= eotaxin > MCP-1 = MCP-3 > macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha > RANTES = MCP-2 = IL-8. The CCR4-selective ligand macrophage-derived chemokine did not elicit a response at concentrations up to 10 nM. Blocking mAbs to CCR2 and CCR3 demonstrated that responses to higher concentrations (>10 nM) of MCP-1 were mediated by CCR3 rather than CCR2, whereas MCP-4 exhibited a biphasic response consistent with sequential activation of CCR3 at lower concentrations and CCR2 at 10 nM MCP-4 and above. In contrast, responses to MCP-3 were blocked only in the presence of both mAbs, but not after pretreatment with either anti-CCR2 or anti-CCR3 mAb alone. These patterns of receptor usage were different from those seen for eosinophils and monocytes. We suggest that cooperation between CCRs might be a mechanism for preferential recruitment of basophils, as occurs in tissue hypersensitivity responses in vivo. (+info)

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and -2 messenger ribonucleic acids in the ovine uterus: regulation by pregnancy, progesterone, and interferon-tau. (7/77)

Endometrial leukocytes may play important roles during pregnancy. Because chemokines are regulators of immune cell activity and trafficking, this study determined if mRNAs for monocyte chemotactic proteins (MCP) were present in the ovine uterus and regulated by progesterone (P) and/or recombinant ovine interferon tau (roIFN-tau). Uteri of normal cycling and pregnant ewes (experiment 1) and uteri of ovariectomized ewes receiving intrauterine infusions of IFN-tau and/or i.m. injections of P (experiment 2) were used to detect MCP-1 and MCP-2 mRNA. In experiment 1, slot-blot hybridization analysis of endometrial total RNA revealed that MCP-1 and MCP-2 mRNA levels did not change during the estrous cycle but increased between Days 13 and 19 of pregnancy. Using in situ hybridization, MCP-1 and MCP-2 mRNA were localized to immune cells in the subepithelial compact stroma. Histomorphological studies and in situ hybridization for major basic protein (MBP) indicated that MCP-positive immune cells were eosinophils. In experiment 2, treatment with P and roIFN-tau increased (P < 0.05) the number of MCP-1- and MCP-2-expressing eosinophils in the endometrium compared to ewes treated with P alone. Injection of the P receptor antagonist (ZK 137,316) inhibited effects of P and/or roIFN-tau to recruit eosinophils expressing MCP-1 and MCP-2 mRNAs. Endometrial production of MCPs by eosinophils during early pregnancy may play a role(s) in central implantation and/or placentation in ewes that is crucial for successful establishment of pregnancy. (+info)

Absence of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in mice leads to decreased local macrophage recruitment and antigen-specific T helper cell type 1 immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. (8/77)

Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 plays a critical role in innate immunity by directing the migration of monocytes into inflammatory sites. Recent data indicated a function for this chemokine in adaptive immunity as a regulator of T cell commitment to T helper cell type 2 (Th2) effector function. Studies in a Th1-dependent animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), showed that MCP-1 was highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) of affected rodents, and MCP-1 antibodies could block relapses of the disease. Mice deficient for the major MCP-1 receptor, CC chemokine receptor (CCR)2, did not develop EAE after active immunization but generated effector cells that could transfer the disease to naive wild-type recipients. We analyzed EAE in mice deficient for MCP-1 to define the relevant ligand for CCR2, which responds to murine MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, and MCP-5. We found that C57BL/6 MCP-1-null mice were markedly resistant to EAE after active immunization, with drastically impaired recruitment of macrophages to the CNS, yet able to generate effector T cells that transferred severe disease to naive wild-type recipients. By contrast, adoptive transfer of primed T cells from wild-type mice into naive MCP-1-null recipients did not mediate clinical EAE. On the SJL background, disruption of the MCP-1 gene produced a milder EAE phenotype with diminished relapses that mimicked previous findings using anti-MCP-1 antibodies. There was no compensatory upregulation of MCP-2, MCP-3, or MCP-5 in MCP-1-null mice with EAE. These results indicated that MCP-1 is the major CCR2 ligand in mice with EAE, and provided an opportunity to define the role of MCP-1 in EAE. Compared with wild-type littermates, MCP-1-/- mice exhibited reduced expression of interferon gamma in draining lymph node and CNS and increased antigen-specific immunoglobulin G1 antibody production. Taken together, these data demonstrate that MCP-1 is crucial for Th1 immune responses in EAE induction and that macrophage recruitment to the inflamed CNS target organ is required for primed T cells to execute a Th1 effector program in EAE. (+info)

"The assignment of chemokine-chemokine receptor pairs: TARC and MIP-1 beta are not ligands for human CC-chemokine receptor 8". ... CCL8 also functions as a CCR8 agonist. Studies of this receptor and its ligands suggested its role in regulation of monocyte ... "The assignment of chemokine-chemokine receptor pairs: TARC and MIP-1 beta are not ligands for human CC-chemokine receptor 8". ... This gene is located at the chemokine receptor gene cluster region. CC chemokine receptors GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR8_(gene)

5-Oxo-ETE also acts in synergy with two chemokines, CCL2 and CCL8, in stimulating monocyte chemotaxis. The interactions of 5- ... and the two CCL chemokines) in neutrophils and monocytes further suggest that it plays a role in inflammatory responses and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Oxo-eicosatetraenoic_acid

Breakthrough infection Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies Bursa of Fabricius C-C chemokine receptor type 6 C-C chemokine ... CCL13 CCL14 CCL15 CCL16 CCL17 CCL18 CCL19 CCL2 CCL20 CCL21 CCL22 CCL23 CCL24 CCL25 CCL26 CCL27 CCL28 CCL3 CCL5 CCL6 CCL7 CCL8 ... CD4 CD4+ T cells and antitumor immunity CD74 CD94/NKG2 Cell-mediated immunity CELSR1 Central tolerance Chemokine Chemokine ... CR6261 CroFab Cross-presentation Cross-reactivity Cryptic self epitopes Cryptotope CX3CL1 CX3CR1 CXC chemokine receptors CXCL1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_immunology_articles

... encoding protein Zinc finger protein 830 Several CC chemokines: CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL14, ... C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 like 1 (17q12) DDX52: DExD-box helicase 52 (17q12) ERBB2 loca leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_17

CCL8, CCL13, CCL17 and CCL22. T-lymphocytes: the four key chemokines that are involved in the recruitment of T lymphocytes to ... C4-CC chemokines), but a small number of CC chemokines possess six cysteines (C6-CC chemokines). C6-CC chemokines include CCL1 ... The third group of chemokines is known as the C chemokines (or γ chemokines), and is unlike all other chemokines in that it has ... CCL1 for the ligand 1 of the CC-family of chemokines, and CCR1 for its respective receptor. The CC chemokine (or β-chemokine) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine

... is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. The CCL8 protein is produced as a precursor containing 109 amino ... CCL8 is a CC chemokine that utilizes multiple cellular receptors to attract and activate human leukocytes. CCL8 is a potent ... The gene for CCL8 is encoded by 3 exons and is located within a large cluster of CC chemokines on chromosome 17q11.2 in humans ... Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8 (CCL8), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP2), is a protein that in humans is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL8

CCR2 can interact with CCL2, CCL8 and CCL16 and has been identified on the surface of monocytes, activated memory T cells, B ... The CC chemokine receptors all work by activating the G protein Gi. CCR1 was the first CC chemokine receptor identified and ... CC chemokine receptors (or beta chemokine receptors) are integral membrane proteins that specifically bind and respond to ... May 1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine EBI1-ligand chemokine that is a specific functional ligand for EBI1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CC_chemokine_receptors

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. The functions of CCL18 have ... and PITPNM3-CCL8 binding induces Pyk2 and Src mediated signaling, a cancer related signaling pathway, and subsequent metastasis ... It was previously known as Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC), dendritic cell (DC)-chemokine 1 (DC-CK1), ... Chemokines are classed as a special type of cytokine that is involved in immune cell trafficking. CCL18 in particular has some ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL18

Several CC chemokines: CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL14, CCL15, CCL16, CCL18, and CCL23 ...

https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromosomang_17_

... chemokine, IL-6, and interleukin 8 (IL-8).[82][80] IL-6 and IL-8 are the most conserved and robust features of SASP.[83] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_6

A Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) polymorphism that determines pro-fibrotic chemokine serum concentrations is not ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Fibrosis and CCL2&Mysubmit=Search

Genetic variants of chemokine CCL2 and chemokine receptor CCR2 genes and risk of prostate cancer. Tumour biology : the journal ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ... Polymorphisms of key chemokine genes and survival of non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands ... Chemokine-enhanced chemotaxis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells with mutations in the tumor suppressor TSC2 gene. Journal of ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Neoplasms and CCL2&Mysubmit=search

Genetic variants in chemokine CC subfamily genes influence hepatitis C virus viral clearance. Journal of human genetics 2018 ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ... Effects of the Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5)-Delta32 Mutation on Hepatitis C Virus-Specific Immune Responses and Liver Tissue ... Lower copy numbers of the chemokine CCL3L1 gene in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Journal of hepatology 2009 Nov . Grünhage ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hepatitis E and CCR5&Mysubmit=Search

Association of genetic variants of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and its ligands, RANTES and MCP-2, with outcome of HCV infection ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Fibrosis and Ccr2&Mysubmit=Search

Query Trace: Hepatitis and CCL8[original query] Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and ... Genetic variants in chemokine CC subfamily genes influence hepatitis C virus viral clearance. Journal of human genetics 2018 ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hepatitis and CCL8&Mysubmit=Search

Query Trace: Infection and CCL8[original query] Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and ... Genetic variants in chemokine CC subfamily genes influence hepatitis C virus viral clearance. Journal of human genetics 2018 ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Infection and CCL8&Mysubmit=Search

Query Trace: Multiple Sclerosis and CCL8[original query] Genetic variants of CC chemokine genes in experimental autoimmune ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Multiple Sclerosis and CCL8&Mysubmit=Search

The CC chemokine receptor 5 delta32 mutation is not associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in NE England. Genes and ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Abnormalities and CCR5&Mysubmit=Search

Genetic variants in chemokine CC subfamily genes influence hepatitis C virus viral clearance. Journal of human genetics 2018 ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ... Effect of Chemokine Gene Variants on Covid-19 Disease Severity. Immunological investigations 2022 Jun 1-10. Dogan Seydanur, ... Association of HLA genotypes, AB0 blood type and chemokine receptor 5 mutant CD195 with the clinical course of COVID-19. ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Infection and CCR5&Mysubmit=search

Associations of chemokine system polymorphisms with clinical outcomes and treatment responses of chronic hepatitis C. ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ... Association of genetic variants of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and its ligands, RANTES and MCP-2, with outcome of HCV infection ... Lack of association of some chemokine system polymorphisms with the risks of death and hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence in ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hepatitis and CCR2&Mysubmit=Search

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hepatitis D and CCR2&Mysubmit=Search

Query Trace: Encephalomyelitis and CCL8[original query] Genetic variants of CC chemokine genes in experimental autoimmune ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Encephalomyelitis and CCL8&Mysubmit=Search

Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5) and chemokine receptor (CCR5) genetic variants and prostate cancer risk among men of African Descent ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ... Effect of CC chemokine ligand 5 and CC chemokine receptor 5 genes polymorphisms on the risk and clinicopathological development ... No association between common chemokine and chemokine receptor gene variants and prostate cancer risk. Cancer epidemiology, ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Neoplasms and CCL5&Mysubmit=Search

Chemokine and chemokine receptor gene polymorphism in Tunisian hemodialysis patients with HCV infection. Arab journal of ... Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in ... Association of chemokine receptor gene variants with HIV-1 genotype predicted tropism. HIV medicine 2014 Nov 15 (10): 577-86. ... Effect of Chemokine Gene Variants on Covid-19 Disease Severity. Immunological investigations 2022 Jun 1-10. Dogan Seydanur, ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Infection and CCR2&Mysubmit=Search

Query Trace: Sclerosis and CCL8[original query] Genetic variants of CC chemokine genes in experimental autoimmune ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Sclerosis and CCL8&Mysubmit=Search

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hepatitis B and CCR5&Mysubmit=Search

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hepatitis C and CCR5&Mysubmit=Search

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hepatitis A and CCR2&Mysubmit=Search

CCL8 is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. The CCL8 protein is produced as a precursor containing 109 amino ... CCL8 is a CC chemokine that utilizes multiple cellular receptors to attract and activate human leukocytes. CCL8 is a potent ... The gene for CCL8 is encoded by 3 exons and is located within a large cluster of CC chemokines on chromosome 17q11.2 in humans ... Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8 (CCL8), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP2), is a protein that in humans is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL8

Further investigations established CCL8 as a proinflammatory chemokine regulated by CB1 receptors that promotes immune cell ... In vivo, contact allergic ear tissue of CB1 receptor-deficient KCs showed enhanced expression of CXCL10 and CCL8 compared with ... In vitro, primary cultures of CB1 receptor-deficient KC released increased amounts of CXCL10 and CCL8 after stimulation with ... Cannabinoid 1 receptors in keratinocytes modulate proinflammatory chemokine secretion and attenuate contact allergic ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23585676/

CCL8. h-MCP2. 20ug. CN-18. CCL8. h-MCP2. 100ug. CN-18. ... Chemokine Ligand. Chemokine Name. Size. Catalogue code. (Click ... Human Native Chemokines. Almac presents a series of native human chemokines, produced by chemical synthesis to ensure high ... Chemokine & Histone online shop. Comprehensive range of Chemokine and Histone products with worldwide shipping and online ... Chemokine & Histone online shop. Comprehensive range of Chemokine and Histone products with worldwide shipping and online ...

https://www.almacgroup.com/api-chemical-development/human-native-chemokines/

It elicits its chemotactic effects by interacting with the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. The gene for CXCL6 is located ... is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (GCP-2). As ... on human chromosome 4 in a cluster with other CXC chemokine genes. ... Chemokine signaling pathway. HRAS; WASL; RELA; CCL21; CCL8; NFKB1; CXCR3; CCL5; RAP1A; CRK. ...

https://www.creativebiomart.net/symbolsearch_cxcl6.htm

The transcriptional repressor BLIMP1 curbs host defenses by suppressing expression of the chemokine CCL8. J Immunol. 2014 Mar ...

https://profiles.umassmed.edu/display/130864

Key genes of M1 macrophage inflammation, such as S100 calcium binding protein A8 (S100a8), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8 ( ... Ccl8) were significantly down regulated or showed a trend toward a down regulation in the 22°C housed mice, while M2 macrophage ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2017.00179/full

... but the second step is dependent on the chemokine receptor CCR8 and its ligand CCL8, and is specific to allergen-exposed ... The Chemokine Receptor CCR8 Promotes the Migration of Dendritic Cells into the Lymph Node Parenchyma to Initiate the Allergic ... The Chemokine Receptor CCR8 Promotes the Migration of Dendritic Cells into the Lymph Node Parenchyma to Initiate the Allergic ... Interfering with this CCR8-CCL8 step the researchers blocked allergic immune responses, defining a new pathway that could be ...

https://www.massgeneral.org/research/news/newsletters/snapshotscience/august-2018

These observations are in consensus with previous studies, and add new data to support the involvement of CCL2, CCL7, CCL8 and ... Our recent genetic scans in families identified haplotypes in the genes of CCL2, CCL3 and CCL11-CCL8-CCL13 which showed ... Complementing the genetic associations, we also detected a distinct regional expression regulation for CCL2, CCL7 and CCL8 in ... or CC chemokine ligands - CCL) in the development of inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system of patients with ...

https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D86H4FRT

These chemokines correlated with a second wave of Ccr1-positive neutrophils and Cxcr6-positive T cells, resulting in a ... By day 14, kidneys subjected to U-IRI had greater numbers of macrophages with higher expression of Ccl2, Ccl7, Ccl8, Ccl12, and ...

https://www.asn-online.org/education/kidneyweek/2022/program-abstract.aspx?controlId=3765780

Human Chemokine Array 1 Kit. Detects 40 Human Chemokines. Suitable for all liquid sample types. ... CCL8 , CXCL1 , CXCL10 , CXCL11 , CXCL12 , CXCL16 , CXCL2 , CXCL3 , CXCL5 , CXCL6 , IFNL1 , IFNL2 , IL17F , IL18BP , IL31 , IL9 ... Quantibody® Human Chemokine Array 1 Kit. Detects 40 Human Chemokines. Suitable for all liquid sample types. ...

https://www.raybiotech.com/quantibody-human-chemokine-array-1-1-slide/?variation_id=107882

In this review, we highlight leukocyte activation with the main focus being on the mechanisms of chemokine-mediated recruitment ... Activation of leukocytes via inflammatory mediators such as chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules is instrumental in ... Chemokine-induced leukocyte migration into the vessel wall is an early pathological event in the progression of atherosclerosis ... The positive self-feedback loop of CCL8 secretion recruits further neutrophils to the infarct for the phagocytosis of necrotic ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2017/9746169/

Query Trace: Multiple Sclerosis and CCL8[original query] Genetic variants of CC chemokine genes in experimental autoimmune ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Multiple+Sclerosis+and+CCL8&Mysubmit=Search

Expression profiling of chemokines, especially those involved in inflammation and immune disorders, is important in achieving a ... Chemotactic cytokines or chemokines play pivotal roles in various processes such as immune surveillance, organ development, ... This panel allows simultaneous quantification of 2 mouse chemokines, including MCP-2 (CCL8) and MIP-1γ (CCL9). This assay panel ... The Mouse Proinflammatory Chemokine Panel 2 (2-plex) is a multiplex bead-based assay panel, using fluorescence-encoded beads ...

https://www.biolegend.com/it-it/products/legendplex-mu-proinflam-chemokine-panel-2-2-plex-w-vbp-20338

Inoculation of the brain with TMEV induced hippocampal production of the proinflammatory chemokine CCL2 that peaked at 6 h ... These findings highlight a unique role for neuronal production of chemokines in the initiation of leukocytic infiltration into ... Chemokine expression levels in the hippocampus were assessed by microarray, ELISA, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. Monocyte ... The known and putative ligands for CCR2 are CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL12, CCL13, and CCL16 [23]. Of these, only CCL2 and CCL7 were ...

https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-017-1015-2

Ccl8. 11. 82115185 to 82116799 1614. +. protein coding gene. chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8. ... chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7. Tssr103564. 11. 82046518 to 82046529 11. +. TSS region. transcription start site region 103564 ... chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11. Tssr103565. 11. 82057845 to 82057856 11. +. TSS region. transcription start site region 103565 ... chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 12. Tssr103570. 11. 82115180 to 82115186 6. +. TSS region. transcription start site region 103570 ...

https://phenome.jax.org/markers/search?searchterm=11%3A81880569-82190585

Expression profiling of chemokines, especially those involved in inflammation and immune disorders, is important in achieving a ... Chemotactic cytokines or chemokines play pivotal roles in various processes such as immune surveillance, organ development, ... This panel allows simultaneous quantification of 8 mouse chemokines, including Eotaxin-2 (CCL24), MCP-2 (CCL8), ITAC (CXCL11), ... The Mouse Proinflammatory Chemokine Panel 2 is a multiplex bead-based assay panel, using fluorescence-encoded beads suitable ...

https://www.biolegend.com/en-gb/products/legendplex-mu-proinflam-chemokine-panel-2-8-plex-w-fp-20333

... recognizes C-C motif chemokine-8 (CCL8) also known as HC14, monocyte chemoattractant protein 2, monocytes chemotactic protein 2 ... strong,Mouse anti Human CCL8 antibody, clone E09-8A1,,/strong, ... CCL8 is a member of the C-C chemokine subfamily and is an ... Proteolytic cleavage of CCL8 to CCL8 (6-76) converts the chemokine into a potent inhibitor of C-C chemokine-induced chemotaxis ... Mouse anti Human CCL8 antibody, clone E09-8A1, recognizes C-C motif chemokine-8 (CCL8) also known as HC14, monocyte ...

https://www.bio-rad-antibodies.com/monoclonal/human-ccl8-antibody-e09-8a1-mca6267.html

chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20. 0.013. CCL8. chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8. 0.013. ... chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6 (granulocyte chemotactic protein 2). 0.015. ...

http://imp.princeton.edu/predictions/process/human-context-global/11940/?gene=12209

CCL8. 6355. CCL8. C-C motif chemokine ligand 8 [Source:HG.... CD300A. 11314. CD300A. CD300a molecule [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc... ...

https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/human/geneset/GSE36826_NORMAL_VS_STAPH_AUREUS_INF_SKIN_DN.html

Ccl8. chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8. 0.221. Skil. SKI-like. 0.216. ...

http://imp.princeton.edu/predictions/process/mouse-context-global/4994/?gene=75659

C-C motif chemokine ligand 7 [So.... CCL8. 6355. CCL8. C-C motif chemokine ligand 8 [So.... ... C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 [So.... CCL7. 6354. CCL7. ... C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 [So.... CCL4. 6351. CCL4. ...

https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/cards/GSE360_L_DONOVANI_VS_M_TUBERCULOSIS_DC_DN.html

It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it ... This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and ... Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is ... This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. ...

https://www.creativebiomart.net/symbolsearch_ccl5.htm

... we studied the activation of the receptor CCR1 by the chemokines CCL7, CCL8, and CCL15(Δ26). We found that, compared to CCL15( ... keywords = "biased agonism, binding, chemokine, chemokine receptor, chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1), G protein-coupled receptor ( ... Influence of Chemokine N-Terminal Modification on Biased Agonism at the Chemokine Receptor CCR1. In: International Journal of ... Influence of Chemokine N-Terminal Modification on Biased Agonism at the Chemokine Receptor CCR1. / Sanchez, Julie; Lane, Robert ...

https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/influence-of-chemokine-n-terminal-modification-on-biased-agonism-

Cytokine and chemokine antibody array. The presence of soluble factors in the CM were detected using the RayBio Human Chemokine ... CCL8/MCP-2, CCL7/MCP-3 or CXCL12/SDF-1 [19]. Recently, we have also demonstrated that the AMF/AMFR axis is, at least in part, ... Figure 5: HCC CM modulated MSC chemokine profile. Antibody array of CM from unstimulated MSCs A., HC-PT-5-stimulated MSCs B., ... In line with this, a similar effect was observed in neutrophil migration towards CXCL8/IL-8 and other chemokines such as CCL2/ ...

https://www.oncotarget.com/article/10288/text/

Chemokines and chemokine receptors: positioning cells for host defense and immunity. Annu Rev Immunol. 2014;32(1):659-702. ... CCL8, XCL1 and XCL2) [52, 53]. TC3 was also enriched with ligands, including TNFSF9 and TNFSF14, which are essential for signal ... TC3 specifically expressed chemokines important for recruiting immune cells to the site of cytotoxicity (CCL2, CCL3, CCL3L1, ... Genes encoding cytokines and chemokines are labeled in red. Genes encoding co-signaling receptors are labeled in blue. TC3 ...

https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-021-07435-2

CCL8, CX3CR1, CXCL6, INHBE, LEPR, PRL, and TNFRSF9 found in the cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway were up-regulated in the HC- ... was also classified as an inflammatory chemokine [43]. In the present study, up-regulated genes (CCL19, CCL8, and CX3CR1) were ... Cattle and chemokines: evidence for species-specific evolution of the bovine chemokine system. Anim Genet. 2011;42:341-53. ... Of the 13 DEGs involved in this pathway, 11 genes (such as IL-1β, IL-2, CCL19, CCL8, CX3CR1, CXCL6, IL-22, INHBE, LEPR, PRL, ...

https://jasbsci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40104-016-0100-1

... and chemokine signaling (CCL8, CXCL8, CCL24). ...

https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/home/conference-highlights/aha-2020/susceptibility-of-brain-endothelial-cells-to-sars-cov-2-associated-with-flow-dependent-expression-of-ace2/

Several CC chemokines: CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL14, CCL15, CCL16, CCL18, and CCL23 ...

https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromosomang_17_

Expression profiling of chemokines, especially those involved in inflammation and immune disorders, is important in achieving a ... Chemotactic cytokines or chemokines play pivotal roles in various processes such as immune surveillance, organ development, ... This panel allows simultaneous quantification of 8 mouse chemokines, including Eotaxin-2 (CCL24), MCP-2 (CCL8), ITAC (CXCL11), ... The Mouse Proinflammatory Chemokine Panel 2 is a multiplex bead-based assay panel, using fluorescence-encoded beads suitable ...

https://production-dynamicweb.biolegend.com/en-us/products/legendplex-mu-proinflam-chemokine-panel-2-8-plex-w-vbp-20334

In this study we show that LMW HA (4.3kDa) induced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and chemokines IL-8, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL6 and ... CCL8 gene expression in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) that was further confirmed by increased levels of IL-6 and IL-8 ... The blockage of CD44 expression by siRNA resulted in the attenuation of IL-6 and chemokines expression in LMW HA treated NHDF ... Conversely, NHDF treated by HMW HA revealed a tendency to decrease the gene expression of these cytokine and chemokines when ...

http://barefacedtruth.com/the-truth-pair-o-docs/?replytocom=54050

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8 (CCL8), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL8 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6 (CXCL6) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (GCP-2). (creativebiomart.net)
C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 [So. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Screening of chemokine expression in ESCC cells with NEDD9 overexpression and knockdown showed that NEDD9 regulated C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) expression via the ERK pathway. (cancerbiomed.org)
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (also CCL5 ) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL5 gene . (wikidoc.org)

Our recent genetic scans in families identified haplotypes in the genes of CCL2, CCL3 and CCL11-CCL8-CCL13 which showed association with multiple sclerosis. (columbia.edu)
Complementing the genetic associations, we also detected a distinct regional expression regulation for CCL2, CCL7 and CCL8 in correlation with chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis brains. (columbia.edu)
These observations are in consensus with previous studies, and add new data to support the involvement of CCL2, CCL7, CCL8 and CCL3 in the development of inflammatory demyelination. (columbia.edu)
By day 14, kidneys subjected to U-IRI had greater numbers of macrophages with higher expression of Ccl2 , Ccl7 , Ccl8 , Ccl12 , and Cxcl16 . (asn-online.org)
Inoculation of the brain with TMEV induced hippocampal production of the proinflammatory chemokine CCL2 that peaked at 6 h postinfection, whereas inoculation with UV-inactivated TMEV did not elicit this response. (biomedcentral.com)

CCL8 elicits its effects by binding to several different cell surface receptors called chemokine receptors. (wikipedia.org)
CCL8 is a CC chemokine that utilizes multiple cellular receptors to attract and activate human leukocytes. (wikipedia.org)
CCL8 is a potent inhibitor of HIV1 by virtue of its high-affinity binding to the receptor CCR5, one of the major co-receptors for HIV1. (wikipedia.org)
Further investigations established CCL8 as a proinflammatory chemokine regulated by CB1 receptors that promotes immune cell recruitment to allergen-challenged skin. (nih.gov)
Taken together, these results demonstrate that CB1 receptors are functionally expressed by KCs in vivo and help to limit the secretion of proinflammatory chemokines that regulate T cell-dependent inflammation in the effector phase of CHS. (nih.gov)
It elicits its chemotactic effects by interacting with the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. (creativebiomart.net)
Leukocyte migration, a hallmark of the inflammatory response, is stimulated by the interactions between chemokines, which are expressed in injured or infected tissues, and chemokine receptors, which are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) expressed in the leukocyte plasma membrane. (monash.edu)
Extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules, as well as chemokines and their receptors, are important in adult HSC migration. (biomedcentral.com)
We have analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) array the expression pattern of extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules as well as chemokines and chemokine receptors in Lineage - Sca-1 + c-Kit + (LSK) cells at different stages of development, in order to characterize the role played by these molecules in LSK. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results show marked changes in the expression pattern of extracellular matrix, adhesion molecules, chemokines and their receptors with developmental age, particularly in later stages of development. (biomedcentral.com)

CCL8 is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. (wikipedia.org)
We selected most pathways CXCL6 participated on our site, such as Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Chemokine signaling pathway, Pertussis, which may be useful for your reference. (creativebiomart.net)
Mouse anti Human CCL8 antibody, clone E09-8A1, recognizes C-C motif chemokine-8 (CCL8) also known as HC14, monocyte chemoattractant protein 2, monocytes chemotactic protein 2 and small-inducible cytokine A8. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
CCL5 is an 8kDa protein classified as a chemotactic cytokine or chemokine . (wikidoc.org)
Description: Description of target: Cytokine that induces the release of T-cell-attracting chemokines from monocytes and, in particular, enhances the maturation of CD11c+ dendritic cells. (cromauv.org)

CCR5 mediates cell adhesion and migration induced by several chemokines including CCL3/MIP-1 alpha, CCL4/MIP-1 beta, CCL5/RANTES, and CCL8/MCP-2. (bio-techne.com)
Furthermore, we show that the expression of the chemokines Ccl4 , Ccl9 , Il18 and the chemokine receptor Cxcr4 increases in LSK cells during development. (biomedcentral.com)

IL-2 and IFN-γ ) that are released by T cells , CCL5 also induces the proliferation and activation of certain natural-killer ( NK ) cells to form CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer) cells. (wikidoc.org)

The CCL8 protein is produced as a precursor containing 109 amino acids, which is cleaved to produce mature CCL8 containing 75 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to brain endothelial cells triggered in these cells the expression of a set of 83 unique genes, including upregulation of genes involved in the complement system ( C3 ), myeloid inflammation ( CD163 ), and chemokine signaling ( CCL8 , CXCL8 , CCL24 ). (thecardiologyadvisor.com)

Activation of leukocytes via inflammatory mediators such as chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules is instrumental in these processes. (hindawi.com)
Chemotactic cytokines or chemokines play pivotal roles in various processes such as immune surveillance, organ development, angiogenesis, and immune responses. (biolegend.com)
1 2 Although injured tissues release endogenous molecules such as damage-associated molecular patterns, chemokines and cytokines to mobilize immune defenses and to promote tissue repair, an insufficient or overly exuberant inflammatory response can lead to further damage. (bmj.com)
We therefore tested the key pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL10, as well as the chemokine IL8, in their transcriptional regulation upon EMF exposure in LPS stimulated cells [49,50]. (researchgate.net)
2 - 9 The subsequent innate immune response involves the transcription of numerous proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which initiate the influx of various immune cell subsets into the kidney, that contribute to the early amplification of the inflammatory response and AKI by enhancing immune-mediated tubular cell death. (asnjournals.org)

These chemokines correlated with a second wave of Ccr1 -positive neutrophils and Cxcr6 -positive T cells, resulting in a proinflammatory milieu, accompanied by increased expression of tubular cell injury, oxidative stress and major histocompatibility complex genes. (asn-online.org)
To identify features of chemokines that give rise to biased agonism, we studied the activation of the receptor CCR1 by the chemokines CCL7, CCL8, and CCL15(Δ26). (monash.edu)

C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1. (gsea-msigdb.org)

It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor. (creativebiomart.net)

This panel allows simultaneous quantification of 2 mouse chemokines, including MCP-2 (CCL8) and MIP-1γ (CCL9). (biolegend.com)
This panel allows simultaneous quantification of 8 mouse chemokines, including Eotaxin-2 (CCL24), MCP-2 (CCL8), ITAC (CXCL11), Fractalkine (CX3CL1), MCP-3 (CCL7), Lymphotactin (XCL1), MIP-2 (CXCL2) and MIP-1γ (CCL9). (biolegend.com)

The importance of β-chemokines (or CC chemokine ligands - CCL) in the development of inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis and rodents with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is strongly supported by descriptive studies and experimental models. (columbia.edu)
One mechanism for the regulation of chemokine receptor signaling is biased agonism, the ability of different chemokine ligands to preferentially activate different intracellular signaling pathways via the same receptor. (monash.edu)

We found that, compared to CCL15(Δ26), CCL7 and CCL8 exhibited biased agonism towards cAMP inhibition and away from β-Arrestin 2 recruitment. (monash.edu)

The gene for CXCL6 is located on human chromosome 4 in a cluster with other CXC chemokine genes. (creativebiomart.net)
Genetic variants of CC chemokine genes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. (cdc.gov)
This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. (creativebiomart.net)

The Mouse Proinflammatory Chemokine Panel 2 (2-plex) is a multiplex bead-based assay panel, using fluorescence-encoded beads suitable for use on various flow cytometers. (biolegend.com)
The LEGENDplex™ Mouse Proinflammatory Chemokine Panel 2 (8-plex) is designed to allow flexible customization within the panel. (biolegend.com)

The gene for CCL8 is encoded by 3 exons and is located within a large cluster of CC chemokines on chromosome 17q11.2 in humans. (wikipedia.org)
This chemokine has been localized to chromosome 17 in humans. (wikidoc.org)

In vitro, primary cultures of CB1 receptor-deficient KC released increased amounts of CXCL10 and CCL8 after stimulation with IFN-γ compared with controls. (nih.gov)
In vivo, contact allergic ear tissue of CB1 receptor-deficient KCs showed enhanced expression of CXCL10 and CCL8 compared with controls. (nih.gov)

In addition, CCL8 attributes to the growth of metastasis in breast cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. (creativebiomart.net)
It mainly impacts myeloid cells and induces the release of T cell-attracting chemokines from monocytes and enhances the maturation of CD11c(+) dendritic cells. (cromauv.org)

In this review, we highlight leukocyte activation with the main focus being on the mechanisms of chemokine-mediated recruitment in atherosclerosis and the response postmyocardial infarction with key examples from experimental models of cardiovascular inflammation. (hindawi.com)
Expression profiling of chemokines, especially those involved in inflammation and immune disorders, is important in achieving a deeper understanding of disease states. (biolegend.com)

Human CCL8 genome location and CCL8 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. (wikipedia.org)

Chemokine expression levels in the hippocampus were assessed by microarray, ELISA, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. (biomedcentral.com)

hypothesized that circulating LT-HSC, although chemotactic by 14.5 dpc to the bone marrow recruiting chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), would not colonize the fetal bone marrow until a suitable microenvironment is present [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Alternatively, LT-HSCs circulating in fetal blood might not possess the appropriate chemokine receptor or adhesion molecule repertoire required for bone marrow homing and migration. (biomedcentral.com)

Chemokine-induced leukocyte migration into the vessel wall is an early pathological event in the progression of atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of myocardial infarction. (hindawi.com)

Sandwich ELISA analysis of human CCL8 using Mouse anti Human CCL8 ( MCA6266GA ) as a capture reagent and biotinylated Mouse anti Human CCL8 ( MCA6267B ) as a detection reagent with purified recombinant CCL8 as the antigen. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
The biotinylated Mouse anti Human CCL8 antibody, clone E09-8A1 (MCA6267B) can be used as a detection antibody in a sandwich ELISA with the purified Mouse anti Human CCL8 antibody, clone E07-8G5 ( MCA6266GA ) as the capture antibody. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

The manipulation of this chemokine activity influences the histology of tumors promoting steps of metastatic processes. (wikipedia.org)
Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. (creativebiomart.net)

CCL8 is also involved in attracting macrophages to the decidua in labor. (wikipedia.org)

Almac presents a series of native human chemokines, produced by chemical synthesis to ensure high purity and reliable biological function. (almacgroup.com)
Quantibody ® Human Chemokine Array 1 Kit. (raybiotech.com)
Detects 40 Human Chemokines. (raybiotech.com)
It was subsequently determined to be a CC chemokine and expressed in more than 100 human diseases. (wikidoc.org)

Anatomy25

Organisms5

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs68

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes17

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Transcriptional control of the human MCP-2 gene promoter by IFN-gamma and IL-1beta in connective tissue cells. (1/77)

Sensitivity of human immunodeficiency virus infection to various alpha, beta and gamma chemokines. (2/77)

Selective suppression of IL-12 production by chemoattractants. (3/77)

Neutrophil gelatinase B potentiates interleukin-8 tenfold by aminoterminal processing, whereas it degrades CTAP-III, PF-4, and GRO-alpha and leaves RANTES and MCP-2 intact. (4/77)

Chemokines in the limbal form of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. (5/77)

Basophil responses to chemokines are regulated by both sequential and cooperative receptor signaling. (6/77)

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and -2 messenger ribonucleic acids in the ovine uterus: regulation by pregnancy, progesterone, and interferon-tau. (7/77)

Absence of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in mice leads to decreased local macrophage recruitment and antigen-specific T helper cell type 1 immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. (8/77)

Chemokine CCL27

Chemokine CCL21

Chemokine CCL22

Chemokine CCL17

Chemokine CCL2

Chemokine CCL19

Chemokine CCL5

Chemokine CCL20

Chemokine CCL1

Chemokines, CC

Receptors, Chemokine

Chemokine CCL3

Chemokine CCL7

Chemokines

Receptors, CCR10

Chemokine CCL4

Chemokine CXCL12

Receptors, CCR1

Chemokine CXCL10

Chemokine CCL8

Receptors, CCR

Receptors, CCR2

Chemokine CCL11

Chemokine CCL24

Receptors, CCR7

Receptors, CCR8

Chemokine CXCL1

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte

Receptors, CCR4

Chemokines, CXC

Chemokine CX3CL1

Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins

Receptors, CCR5

Receptors, CCR3

Chemokine CXCL9

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Cell Movement

Chemokine CXCL2

Chemokine CXCL13

Receptors, CXCR4

Chemokine CXCL11

Chemotaxis

Chemokine CXCL6

Cells, Cultured

Dendritic Cells

Chemokine CXCL5

Cytokines

Mice, Knockout

Receptors, CXCR3

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Monocytes

Macrophages

Gene Expression Regulation

RNA, Messenger

T-Lymphocytes

Inflammation

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Flow Cytometry

Receptors, Interleukin-8B

Signal Transduction

Dermatitis, Atopic

Cell Line

Up-Regulation

Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins

Disease Models, Animal

Skin

Mice, Transgenic

Interleukin-8

Ligands

Receptors, CCR6

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Receptors, Interleukin-8A

Lymph Nodes

Receptors, CXCR

Cell Line, Tumor

NF-kappa B

Carbon Tetrachloride

Immunohistochemistry

Receptors, Cytokine