Chemokine ccl5. Medical search

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. It is constitutively expressed in the skin and may play a role in T-CELL trafficking during cutaneous INFLAMMATION.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards DENDRITIC CELLS and T-LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards TH2 CELLS and TC2 CELLS.

A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. It is synthesized by DENDRITIC CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; KERATINOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. It has specificity for CCR2 RECEPTORS.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards T LYMPHOCYTES and B LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC-type chemokine that is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS; MONOCYTES; and LYMPHOCYTES. It is a potent and selective eosinophil chemotaxin that is stored in and released from PLATELETS and activated T-LYMPHOCYTES. Chemokine CCL5 is specific for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR3 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS. The acronym RANTES refers to Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR6 RECEPTORS. It has activity towards DENDRITIC CELLS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; and B-LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC-type chemokine secreted by activated MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for CCR8 RECEPTORS.

Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils.

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES; and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

A monocyte chemoattractant protein that has activity towards a broad variety of immune cell types. Chemokine CCL7 has specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR2 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS.

Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. They can be divided into at least three structural branches: C; (CHEMOKINES, C); CC; (CHEMOKINES, CC); and CXC; (CHEMOKINES, CXC); according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL27. They may play a specialized role in the cutaneous homing of LYMPHOCYTES.

A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR5 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for NK CELLS; MONOCYTES and a variety of other immune cells. This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

CCR receptors with specificity for a broad variety of CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in MONOCYTES; tissue MACROPHAGES; NEUTROPHILS; and EOSINOPHILS.

A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON and is chemotactic for MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

A monocyte chemoattractant protein that attracts MONOCYTES; LYMPHOCYTES; BASOPHILS; and EOSINOPHILS. Chemokine CCL8 has specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS.

Chemokine receptors that are specific for CC CHEMOKINES.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; BASOPHILS; and NK CELLS.

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL1. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES.

A CXC chemokine with specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS. It has growth factor activities and is implicated as a oncogenic factor in several tumor types.

The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL17 and CHEMOKINE CCL22. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; MAST CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; and NK CELLS.

Group of chemokines with paired cysteines separated by a different amino acid. CXC chemokines are chemoattractants for neutrophils but not monocytes.

A CX3C chemokine that is a transmembrane protein found on the surface of cells. The soluble form of chemokine CX3CL1 can be released from cell surface by proteolysis and act as a chemoattractant that may be involved in the extravasation of leukocytes into inflamed tissues. The membrane form of the protein may also play a role in cell adhesion.

Heparin-binding proteins that exhibit a number of inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. Originally identified as secretory products of MACROPHAGES, these chemokines are produced by a variety of cell types including NEUTROPHILS; FIBROBLASTS; and EPITHELIAL CELLS. They likely play a significant role in respiratory tract defenses.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL3; CHEMOKINE CCL4; and CHEMOKINE CCL5. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; MAST CELLS; and NK CELLS. The CCR5 receptor is used by the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS to infect cells.

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL11 and a variety of other CC CHEMOKINES. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; BASOPHILS; and MAST CELLS.

An INTEFERON-inducible CXC chemokine that is specific for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

A CXC chemokine that is synthesized by activated MONOCYTES and NEUTROPHILS. It has specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for B-LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR5 RECEPTORS.

CXCR receptors with specificity for CXCL12 CHEMOKINE. The receptors may play a role in HEMATOPOIESIS regulation and can also function as coreceptors for the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS.

A CXC chemokine that is induced by GAMMA-INTERFERON. It is a chemotactic factor for activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and has specificity for the CXCR3 RECEPTOR.

The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.

A CXC chemokine that has stimulatory and chemotactic activities towards NEUTROPHILS. It has specificity for CXCR1 RECEPTORS and CXCR2 RECEPTORS.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

A CXC chemokine that is predominantly expressed in EPITHELIAL CELLS. It has specificity for the CXCR2 RECEPTORS and is involved in the recruitment and activation of NEUTROPHILS.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

CXCR receptors that are expressed on the surface of a number of cell types, including T-LYMPHOCYTES; NK CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; and a subset of B-LYMPHOCYTES. The receptors are activated by CHEMOKINE CXCL9; CHEMOKINE CXCL10; and CHEMOKINE CXCL11.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

High-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors for INTERLEUKIN-8 present on NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and T-LYMPHOCYTES. These receptors also bind several other CXC CHEMOKINES.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Chemokines that are chemoattractants for monocytes. These CC chemokines (cysteines adjacent) number at least three including CHEMOKINE CCL2.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.

A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL20. They are expressed at high levels in T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

High-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors for INTERLEUKIN-8 present on NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and BASOPHILS.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

Chemokine receptors that are specific for CXC CHEMOKINES.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Ubiquitous, inducible, nuclear transcriptional activator that binds to enhancer elements in many different cell types and is activated by pathogenic stimuli. The NF-kappa B complex is a heterodimer composed of two DNA-binding subunits: NF-kappa B1 and relA.

A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed)

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Cell surface proteins that bind cytokines and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.

CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

Group of chemokines with the first two cysteines separated by three amino acids. CX3C chemokines are chemotactic for natural killer cells, monocytes, and activated T-cells.

CXCR receptors isolated initially from BURKITT LYMPHOMA cells. CXCR5 receptors are expressed on mature, recirculating B-LYMPHOCYTES and are specific for CHEMOKINE CXCL13.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Chemical substances that attract or repel cells. The concept denotes especially those factors released as a result of tissue injury, microbial invasion, or immunologic activity, that attract LEUKOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; or other cells to the site of infection or insult.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

Soluble mediators of the immune response that are neither antibodies nor complement. They are produced largely, but not exclusively, by monocytes and macrophages.

Cellular receptors that bind the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. Included are CD4 ANTIGENS, found on T4 lymphocytes, and monocytes/macrophages, which bind to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.

A blood group consisting mainly of the antigens Fy(a) and Fy(b), determined by allelic genes, the frequency of which varies profoundly in different human groups; amorphic genes are common.

Cytotaxins liberated from normal or invading cells that specifically attract eosinophils; they may be complement fragments, lymphokines, neutrophil products, histamine or other; the best known is the tetrapeptide ECF-A, released mainly by mast cells.

The diffusion or accumulation of neutrophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

Ring compounds having atoms other than carbon in their nuclei. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The endogenous compounds that mediate inflammation (AUTACOIDS) and related exogenous compounds including the synthetic prostaglandins (PROSTAGLANDINS, SYNTHETIC).

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These cytokines influence B-cell development and antibody production as well as augmenting humoral responses.

Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated LEUKOCYTES or MACROPHAGES. Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms.

The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete interleukin-2, gamma-interferon, and interleukin-12. Due to their ability to kill antigen-presenting cells and their lymphokine-mediated effector activity, Th1 cells are associated with vigorous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.

Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.

A classification of T-lymphocytes, especially into helper/inducer, suppressor/effector, and cytotoxic subsets, based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

A CXC chemokine that is found in the alpha granules of PLATELETS. The protein has a molecular size of 7800 kDa and can occur as a monomer, a dimer or a tetramer depending upon its concentration in solution. Platelet factor 4 has a high affinity for HEPARIN and is often found complexed with GLYCOPROTEINS such as PROTEIN C.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The capacity of a normal organism to remain unaffected by microorganisms and their toxins. It results from the presence of naturally occurring ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, constitutional factors such as BODY TEMPERATURE and immediate acting immune cells such as NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, and chemicals from the environment.

Unbroken cellular lining (intima) of the lymph vessels (e.g., the high endothelial lymphatic venules). It is more permeable than vascular endothelium, lacking selective absorption and functioning mainly to remove plasma proteins that have filtered through the capillaries into the tissue spaces.

A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.

RFLAT-1: a new zinc finger transcription factor that activates RANTES gene expression in T lymphocytes. (1/1514)

RANTES (Regulated upon Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) is a chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) important in the generation of inflammatory infiltrate and human immunodeficiency virus entry into immune cells. RANTES is expressed late (3-5 days) after activation in T lymphocytes. Using expression cloning, we identified the first "late" T lymphocyte associated transcription factor and named it "RANTES Factor of Late Activated T Lymphocytes-1" (RFLAT-1). RFLAT-1 is a novel, phosphorylated, zinc finger transcription factor that is expressed in T cells 3 days after activation, coincident with RANTES expression. While Rel proteins play the dominant role in RANTES gene expression in fibroblasts, RFLAT-1 is a strong transactivator for RANTES in T cells. (+info)

Similarities and differences in RANTES- and (AOP)-RANTES-triggered signals: implications for chemotaxis. (2/1514)

Chemokines are a family of proinflammatory cytokines that attract and activate specific types of leukocytes. Chemokines mediate their effects via interaction with seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Using CCR5-transfected HEK-293 cells, we show that both the CCR5 ligand, RANTES, as well as its derivative, aminooxypentane (AOP)- RANTES, trigger immediate responses such as Ca2+ influx, receptor dimerization, tyrosine phosphorylation, and Galphai as well as JAK/STAT association to the receptor. In contrast to RANTES, (AOP)-RANTES is unable to trigger late responses, as measured by the association of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) to the chemokine receptor complex, impaired cell polarization required for migration, or chemotaxis. The results are discussed in the context of the dissociation of the late signals, provoked by the chemokines required for cell migration, from early signals. (+info)

Induction of macrophage C-C chemokine expression by titanium alloy and bone cement particles. (3/1514)

Particulate wear debris is associated with periprosthetic inflammation and loosening in total joint arthroplasty. We tested the effects of titanium alloy (Ti-alloy) and PMMA particles on monocyte/macrophage expression of the C-C chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), monocyte inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1alpha), and regulated upon activation normal T expressed and secreted protein (RANTES). Periprosthetic granulomatous tissue was analysed for expression of macrophage chemokines by immunohistochemistry. Chemokine expression in human monocytes/macrophages exposed to Ti-alloy and PMMA particles in vitro was determined by RT-PCR, ELISA and monocyte migration. We observed MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha expression in all tissue samples from failed arthroplasties. Ti-alloy and PMMA particles increased expression of MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha in macrophages in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner whereas RANTES was not detected. mRNA signal levels for MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha were also observed in cells after exposure to particles. Monocyte migration was stimulated by culture medium collected from macrophages exposed to Ti-alloy and PMMA particles. Antibodies to MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha inhibited chemotactic activity of the culture medium samples. Release of C-C chemokines by macrophages in response to wear particles may contribute to chronic inflammation at the bone-implant interface in total joint arthroplasty. (+info)

RANTES, IFN-gamma, CCR1, and CCR5 mRNA expression in peripheral blood, lymph node, and bronchoalveolar lavage mononuclear cells during primary simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques. (4/1514)

Primary infection of macaques with pathogenic isolates of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) (as a model of HIV infection in humans) represents a unique opportunity to study early lentivirus/host interactions. We sought to determine whether there is a temporal relationship linking SIV replication and dissemination and the expression of the chemokine RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) and the SIV/HIV coreceptor CCR5 in different tissues during acute SIV infection of macaques. Four cynomolgus macaques were inoculated intravenously with a pathogenic primary isolate of SIVmac251. RT-PCR was used to monitor the expression of RANTES and CCR5 mRNA in fresh isolated mononuclear cells from blood, lymph node, and bronchoalveolar lavages. These expressions were compared to those of IFN-gamma as an indicator of the development of the immune response and to another receptor for RANTES, CCR1, which is not described as a coreceptor for SIV/HIV-1 entry. An enhancement of CCR1/CCR5 mRNA expression was noticed during primary SIVmac251 infection of macaques, mainly in tissue. In the three different compartments investigated, IFN-gamma and RANTES overexpression was noticed by the time of systemic viral replication containment. Our results put CCR5 and RANTES mRNA expression back in the context of inflammatory and immune responses to SIV primary infection. (+info)

Chemokine expression in CF epithelia: implications for the role of CFTR in RANTES expression. (5/1514)

To delineate the mechanisms that facilitate leukocyte migration into the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, expression of chemokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and RANTES, was compared between CF and non-CF airway epithelia. The findings presented herein demonstrate that, under either basal conditions or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)- and/or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-stimulated conditions, a consistent pattern of differences in the secretion of IL-8 and MCP-1 between CF and non-CF epithelial cells was not observed. In contrast, CF epithelial cells expressed no detectable RANTES protein or mRNA under basal conditions or when stimulated with TNF-alpha and/or IFN-gamma (P +info)

IL-15 induces the expression of chemokines and their receptors in T lymphocytes. (6/1514)

IL-15 is a T cell growth factor that shares many biological activities with IL-2 and uses the same beta/gamma polypeptides of the IL-2R complex for signal transduction. Accumulating evidence implicates an important role for this cytokine in the inflammatory response of the host. Consistent with such a role, IL-15 has been shown to be a chemoattractant for T lymphocytes, NK cells, and neutrophils. Extending these observations, we now show that IL-15 is a potent inducer of CC-, CXC-, and C-type chemokines in T lymphocytes. In addition, we demonstrate that IL-15 induces CC chemokine receptors, but not CXC chemokine receptors, in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, our findings suggest that the proinflammatory effects of IL-15 at least in part may be due to the induction of chemokines and their receptors in T cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that IL-15 promotes entry and replication of macrophage-tropic HIV in T lymphocytes and suggest a plausible mechanism by which IL-15, a cytokine that is elevated in HIV-infected individuals, may promote the transition of HIV displaying the M-tropic phenotype primarily associated with the initial transmission into the T cell-tropic phenotype that predominates as the disease progresses. (+info)

IL-12 gene as a DNA vaccine adjuvant in a herpes mouse model: IL-12 enhances Th1-type CD4+ T cell-mediated protective immunity against herpes simplex virus-2 challenge. (7/1514)

IL-12 has been shown to enhance cellular immunity in vitro and in vivo. Recent reports have suggested that combining DNA vaccine approach with immune stimulatory molecules delivered as genes may significantly enhance Ag-specific immune responses in vivo. In particular, IL-12 molecules could constitute an important addition to a herpes vaccine by amplifying specific immune responses. Here we investigate the utility of IL-12 cDNA as an adjuvant for a herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) DNA vaccine in a mouse challenge model. Direct i.m. injection of IL-12 cDNA induced activation of resting immune cells in vivo. Furthermore, coinjection with IL-12 cDNA and gD DNA vaccine inhibited both systemic gD-specific Ab and local Ab levels compared with gD plasmid vaccination alone. In contrast, Th cell proliferative responses and secretion of cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) and chemokines (RANTES and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha) were significantly increased by IL-12 coinjection. However, the production of cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and chemokine (MCP-1) was inhibited by IL-12 coinjection. IL-12 coinjection with a gD DNA vaccine showed significantly better protection from lethal HSV-2 challenge compared with gD DNA vaccination alone in both inbred and outbred mice. This enhanced protection appears to be mediated by CD4+ T cells, as determined by in vivo CD4+ T cell deletion. Thus, IL-12 cDNA as a DNA vaccine adjuvant drives Ag-specific Th1 type CD4+ T cell responses that result in reduced HSV-2-derived morbidity as well as mortality. (+info)

Requirements for measles virus induction of RANTES chemokine in human astrocytoma-derived U373 cells. (8/1514)

Interferons and chemokines play a critical role in regulating the host response to viral infection. Measles virus, a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, induces RANTES expression by astrocytes. We have examined the mechanism of this induction in U373 cells derived from a human astrocytoma. RANTES was induced in a dose- and time-dependent manner by measles virus infection. Inhibition of receptor binding by the anti-CD46 antibody TRA-2.10 and of virus-membrane fusion by the tripeptide X-Phe-Phe-Gly reduced RANTES expression. Formalin-inactivated virus, which can bind but not fuse, and extensively UV-irradiated virus, which can bind and fuse, were both ineffective. Therefore, virus binding to the cellular receptor CD46 and subsequent membrane fusion were necessary, but not sufficient, to induce RANTES. UV irradiation of virus for less than 10 min proportionally inhibited viral transcription and RANTES expression. RANTES induction was decreased in infected cells treated with ribavirin, which inhibits measles virus transcription. However, RANTES mRNA was superinduced by measles virus in the presence of cycloheximide. These data suggest that partial transcription of the viral genome is sufficient and necessary for RANTES induction, whereas viral protein synthesis and replication are not required. This hypothesis was supported by the fact that RANTES was induced through transient expression of the measles virus nucleocapsid gene but not by measles genes encoding P or L proteins or by leader RNA in A549 cells. Thus, transcription of specific portions of measles virus RNA, such as the nucleocapsid gene, appears able to generate the specific signaling required to induce RANTES gene expression. (+info)

There are several key features of inflammation:

1. Increased blood flow: Blood vessels in the affected area dilate, allowing more blood to flow into the tissue and bringing with it immune cells, nutrients, and other signaling molecules.
2. Leukocyte migration: White blood cells, such as neutrophils and monocytes, migrate towards the site of inflammation in response to chemical signals.
3. Release of mediators: Inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, are released by immune cells and other cells in the affected tissue. These molecules help to coordinate the immune response and attract more immune cells to the site of inflammation.
4. Activation of immune cells: Immune cells, such as macrophages and T cells, become activated and start to phagocytose (engulf) pathogens or damaged tissue.
5. Increased heat production: Inflammation can cause an increase in metabolic activity in the affected tissue, leading to increased heat production.
6. Redness and swelling: Increased blood flow and leakiness of blood vessels can cause redness and swelling in the affected area.
7. Pain: Inflammation can cause pain through the activation of nociceptors (pain-sensing neurons) and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators.

Inflammation can be acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is a short-term response to injury or infection, which helps to resolve the issue quickly. Chronic inflammation is a long-term response that can cause ongoing damage and diseases such as arthritis, asthma, and cancer.

There are several types of inflammation, including:

1. Acute inflammation: A short-term response to injury or infection.
2. Chronic inflammation: A long-term response that can cause ongoing damage and diseases.
3. Autoimmune inflammation: An inappropriate immune response against the body's own tissues.
4. Allergic inflammation: An immune response to a harmless substance, such as pollen or dust mites.
5. Parasitic inflammation: An immune response to parasites, such as worms or fungi.
6. Bacterial inflammation: An immune response to bacteria.
7. Viral inflammation: An immune response to viruses.
8. Fungal inflammation: An immune response to fungi.

There are several ways to reduce inflammation, including:

1. Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
2. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, stress management, and getting enough sleep.
3. Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, herbal supplements, and mind-body practices.
4. Addressing underlying conditions, such as hormonal imbalances, gut health issues, and chronic infections.
5. Using anti-inflammatory compounds found in certain foods, such as omega-3 fatty acids, turmeric, and ginger.

It's important to note that chronic inflammation can lead to a range of health problems, including:

1. Arthritis
2. Diabetes
3. Heart disease
4. Cancer
5. Alzheimer's disease
6. Parkinson's disease
7. Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Therefore, it's important to manage inflammation effectively to prevent these complications and improve overall health and well-being.

Also known as eczema or atopic eczema.

Dermatitis, Atopic is a common condition that affects people of all ages but is most prevalent in children. It is often associated with other atopic conditions such as asthma and allergies. The exact cause of dermatitis, atopic is not known, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Symptoms of Dermatitis, Atopic:

* Redness and dryness of the skin
* Scaling and flaking of the skin
* Itching and burning sensations
* Thickening and pigmentation of the skin
* Small blisters or weeping sores

Atopic dermatitis can occur anywhere on the body but is most commonly found on the face, neck, hands, and feet.

Treatment for Dermatitis, Atopic:

* Moisturizers to keep the skin hydrated and reduce dryness
* Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
* Antihistamines to relieve itching
* Phototherapy with ultraviolet light
* Oral immunomodulators for severe cases

It is important to note that dermatitis, atopic is a chronic condition, and treatment should be ongoing. Flare-ups may occur, and adjustments to the treatment plan may be necessary.

Prevention of Dermatitis, Atopic:

* Avoiding triggers such as soaps, detergents, and stress
* Keeping the skin well-moisturized
* Avoiding extreme temperatures and humidity
* Wearing soft, breathable clothing
* Using mild cleansers and avoiding harsh chemicals

Early diagnosis and treatment of dermatitis, atopic can help improve the quality of life for those affected. It is important to work with a healthcare professional to develop an appropriate treatment plan and manage symptoms effectively.

1) They share similarities with humans: Many animal species share similar biological and physiological characteristics with humans, making them useful for studying human diseases. For example, mice and rats are often used to study diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer because they have similar metabolic and cardiovascular systems to humans.

2) They can be genetically manipulated: Animal disease models can be genetically engineered to develop specific diseases or to model human genetic disorders. This allows researchers to study the progression of the disease and test potential treatments in a controlled environment.

3) They can be used to test drugs and therapies: Before new drugs or therapies are tested in humans, they are often first tested in animal models of disease. This allows researchers to assess the safety and efficacy of the treatment before moving on to human clinical trials.

4) They can provide insights into disease mechanisms: Studying disease models in animals can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. This information can then be used to develop new treatments or improve existing ones.

5) Reduces the need for human testing: Using animal disease models reduces the need for human testing, which can be time-consuming, expensive, and ethically challenging. However, it is important to note that animal models are not perfect substitutes for human subjects, and results obtained from animal studies may not always translate to humans.

6) They can be used to study infectious diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study infectious diseases such as HIV, TB, and malaria. These models allow researchers to understand how the disease is transmitted, how it progresses, and how it responds to treatment.

7) They can be used to study complex diseases: Animal disease models can be used to study complex diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. These models allow researchers to understand the underlying mechanisms of the disease and test potential treatments.

8) They are cost-effective: Animal disease models are often less expensive than human clinical trials, making them a cost-effective way to conduct research.

9) They can be used to study drug delivery: Animal disease models can be used to study drug delivery and pharmacokinetics, which is important for developing new drugs and drug delivery systems.

10) They can be used to study aging: Animal disease models can be used to study the aging process and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This allows researchers to understand how aging contributes to disease and develop potential treatments.

The symptoms of carbon tetrachloride poisoning can vary depending on the level and duration of exposure, but may include:

* Respiratory problems, such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath
* Nausea and vomiting
* Abdominal pain and diarrhea
* Headaches and dizziness
* Confusion and disorientation
* Slurred speech and loss of coordination
* Seizures and coma

If you suspect that you or someone else has been exposed to carbon tetrachloride, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately. Treatment for carbon tetrachloride poisoning typically involves supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and hydration, as well as medications to manage symptoms and remove the toxin from the body. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.

Prevention is key when it comes to carbon tetrachloride poisoning. If you work with or are exposed to CTC, it is important to take safety precautions such as wearing protective clothing and equipment, using proper ventilation, and following all safety protocols. It is also essential to handle the chemical with care and store it in a safe location.

In conclusion, carbon tetrachloride poisoning can be a serious and potentially deadly condition that requires immediate medical attention. If you suspect exposure to CTC, it is crucial to seek medical help right away. By taking safety precautions and being aware of the risks associated with this chemical, you can prevent carbon tetrachloride poisoning and protect your health.

The definition of DILI has been revised several times over the years, but the most recent definition was published in 2013 by the International Consortium for DILI Research (ICDCR). According to this definition, DILI is defined as:

"A clinically significant alteration in liver function that is caused by a medication or other exogenous substance, and is not related to underlying liver disease. The alteration may be biochemical, morphological, or both, and may be acute or chronic."

The ICDCR definition includes several key features of DILI, including:

1. Clinically significant alteration in liver function: This means that the liver damage must be severe enough to cause symptoms or signs of liver dysfunction, such as jaundice, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain.
2. Caused by a medication or other exogenous substance: DILI is triggered by exposure to certain drugs or substances that are not related to underlying liver disease.
3. Not related to underlying liver disease: This means that the liver damage must not be caused by an underlying condition such as hepatitis B or C, alcoholic liver disease, or other genetic or metabolic disorders.
4. May be acute or chronic: DILI can occur as a sudden and severe injury (acute DILI) or as a slower and more insidious process (chronic DILI).

The ICDCR definition provides a standardized way of defining and diagnosing DILI, which is important for clinicians and researchers to better understand the cause of liver damage in patients who are taking medications. It also helps to identify the drugs or substances that are most likely to cause liver injury and to develop strategies for preventing or treating DILI.

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (also CCL5) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL5 gene. The gene has been ... CCL5 has been shown to interact with CCR3, CCR5 and CCR1. CCL5 also activates the G-protein coupled receptor GPR75. CCL5 has ... CC-Chemokine-activated killer) cells. It is also an HIV-suppressive factor released from CD8+ T cells The chemokine CCL5 is ... CCL5 in nanomolar concentration acts as classical chemokine and binds to its receptor. For the acting as classical chemokine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL5

CCL5, CCL7, CCL13, and CCL3. Chemokines CCL11 (eotaxin) and CCL5 (RANTES) acts through a specific receptor CCR3 on the surface ... C4-CC chemokines), but a small number of CC chemokines possess six cysteines (C6-CC chemokines). C6-CC chemokines include CCL1 ... The third group of chemokines is known as the C chemokines (or γ chemokines), and is unlike all other chemokines in that it has ... CCL1 for the ligand 1 of the CC-family of chemokines, and CCR1 for its respective receptor. The CC chemokine (or β-chemokine) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine

... chemokines ligand 2, CCL5, CXC-chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1); as well as macrophage retention factors. Macrophages within the ... The maintenance of foam cells and the subsequent progression of plaque build-up is caused by the secretion of chemokines and ... Foam cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukins: IL-1, IL-6; tumour necrosis factor (TNF); chemokines: ... chemokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and growth factors that stimulate modified lipoprotein uptake and vascular smooth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foam_cell

The CC chemokines CCL3, CCL5, CCL17 and CCL22 signal through this receptor. CCR5 is expressed on several cell types including ... This receptor has several CC chemokine ligands including CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL13, CCL14 and CCL16. CCR6, a ... The CC chemokine receptors all work by activating the G protein Gi. CCR1 was the first CC chemokine receptor identified and ... CC chemokine receptors (or beta chemokine receptors) are integral membrane proteins that specifically bind and respond to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CC_chemokine_receptors

The Gp120 envelope protein is a chemokine mimic. Though it lacks the unique structure of a chemokine, it is still capable of ... Velasco-Velázquez M, Xolalpa W, Pestell RG (November 2014). "The potential to target CCL5/CCR5 in breast cancer". Expert ... It is a G protein-coupled receptor which functions as a chemokine receptor in the CC chemokine group. CCR5's cognate ligands ... C-C chemokine receptor type 5, also known as CCR5 or CD195, is a protein on the surface of white blood cells that is involved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR5

It is also known to be an entry co-receptor for HIV-1. This gene and seven other chemokine receptor genes form a chemokine ... Cluster of differentiation CCR3 (gene) has been shown to interact with CCL5. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183625 - ... a novel CC chemokine that is selective for the chemokine receptor CCR3, and acts like eotaxin on human eosinophil and basophil ... an eosinophil-selective CC chemokine, and identification of a specific eosinophil eotaxin receptor, CC chemokine receptor 3". J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR3_(gene)

Collagenase added to reduce matrix rigidity or chemokine CCL5 experimentally produced by tumor cells increased movement into ... For instance, inhibiting chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) and granulocyte ... In a preclinical PDA mouse model, FAP+ CAFs produced the chemokine CXCL12, which is bound by PDA cancer cells. Because FAP+ ... One such mechanism is the release of cell-type specific chemokines. Another is the TME's capacity to posttranslationally alter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_microenvironment

The brown dog tick evasin-4 binds to CCL5 and CCL11, but appears to neutralize even more chemokines. It has an Ig-fold domain. ... chemokine-binding proteins such as evasins are being researched to assess their therapeutic potential as chemokine-targeting ... As chemokines have been implicated in a number of inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis ... a tick-derived chemokine-binding protein with broad selectivity can be modified for use in preclinical disease models". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evasin

In one study, the chemokine CCL5 (RANTES) has been shown to stimulate calcium mobilization and inositol triphosphate formation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR75

... host-derived pro-inflammatory chemokines (e.g. CXCL8, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CXCL10), platelet-activating factor, and ... stimulates their expression the chemokine receptor, CCR5, to inhibit chemokine signaling, enhances their phagocyte activity, ... CMKLR1 (chemokine receptor-like 1), also termed the ChemR23 or E series resolvin receptor (ERV), is expressed on inflammation- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialized_pro-resolving_mediators

C-C chemokine receptor type 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR1 gene. CCR1 has also recently been designated ... The ligands of this receptor include CCL3 (or MIP-1 alpha), CCL5 (or RANTES), CCL7 (or MCP-3), and CCL23 (or MPIF-1). ... "Entrez Gene: CCR1 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 1". Struyf S, Menten P, Lenaerts JP, Put W, D'Haese A, De Clercq E, Schols D, ... This gene and other chemokine receptor genes, including CCR2, CCRL2, CCR3, CCR5 and CXCR1, are found to form a gene cluster on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR1

The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1alpha, TNF-alpha), chemokine/mitogen (CCL5) and angiogenic factor (vascular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoaging

... or to sites of helminth infection in response to chemokines like CCL11 (eotaxin-1), CCL24 (eotaxin-2), CCL5 (RANTES), 5- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil

Chemokine ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL5 that bind to chemokine receptors such as CXCR3 and CCR5, Immune suppressive or ... Gene Signature : CCL5, CD27, CD274 (PD-L1), CD276 (B7-H3), CD8A, CMKLR1, CXCL9, CXCR6, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRB1, HLA-E, IDO1, LAG3, ... These initiate the following cascade: CXCR3 ligand chemokines (CXCL-9, -10 and -11) are produced in response to activated B ... To illustrate, growth factors and chemokines activated in response to injury are recruited by tumour cells, sustaining chronic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologic_Constant_of_Rejection

CCL5 (RANTES) CCL17 (TARC) CCL22 (Macrophage-derived chemokine) Chemokines are a group of small structurally related proteins ... "Macrophage-derived chemokine is a functional ligand for the CC chemokine receptor 4". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (3): 1764-8. doi: ... "The T cell-directed CC chemokine TARC is a highly specific biological ligand for CC chemokine receptor 4". J. Biol. Chem. 272 ( ... C-C chemokine receptor type 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR4 gene. CCR4 has also recently been designated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR4

CCL2, CCL3, CCL5 and CXCL12 with THP-1 monocytes, and vs. CXCL8 with neutrophils. In addition NR58,3-14-3 does not ... Peptide 3' is a 12-amino acid linear peptide corresponding to amino acids 51 to 62 of mature human chemokine CCL2. It is formed ... NR58-3.14.3 also inhibits the recruitment of leukocytes (macrophages, T cells, B cells) due to the chemokine CCL2 in rat skin. ... When the 12-amino acid sequence of 'peptide 3'/CCL2 is aligned with the sequences of the other chemokines CCL3, CXCL8 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NR58-3.14.3

The study showed that mice lacking MR1 had a significantly decreased transcript level of cytokines/chemokines known to be ... associated with inflammation, such as Ccl2, Ccl5, Il1β, Il6, Il17a, Ifnγ, and Tnfα. In contrast, the transcript level of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_histocompatibility_complex,_class_I-related

Breakthrough infection Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies Bursa of Fabricius C-C chemokine receptor type 6 C-C chemokine ... CCL1 CCL11 CCL12 CCL13 CCL14 CCL15 CCL16 CCL17 CCL18 CCL19 CCL2 CCL20 CCL21 CCL22 CCL23 CCL24 CCL25 CCL26 CCL27 CCL28 CCL3 CCL5 ... CD4 CD4+ T cells and antitumor immunity CD74 CD94/NKG2 Cell-mediated immunity CELSR1 Central tolerance Chemokine Chemokine ... CR6261 CroFab Cross-presentation Cross-reactivity Cryptic self epitopes Cryptotope CX3CL1 CX3CR1 CXC chemokine receptors CXCL1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_immunology_articles

... chemokine RANTES (CCL5), proinflammatory and cytotoxic molecule granulysin (GNLY) and the transcription factor Kruppel-like ... Nelson PJ, Krensky AM: Chemokines, chemokine receptors, and allograft rejection. Immunity 2001; 14: 377-386. Spada FM, Grant EP ... Pattison J, Nelson PJ, Huie P, von Luettichau I, Farshid G, Sibley RK, Krensky AM: RANTES chemokine expression in cell mediated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_M._Krensky

... encoding protein Zinc finger protein 830 Several CC chemokines: CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL14, ... C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 like 1 (17q12) DDX52: DExD-box helicase 52 (17q12) ERBB2 loca leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_17

It mediates chemokine transcytosis, which leads to apical retention of intact chemokines and more leukocyte migration. Binding ... CCL5 melanoma growth stimulatory activity (MSGA-α), KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) - CXCL1/CXCL2 and the ... "Expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors during human renal transplant rejection". Am. J. Kidney Dis. 37 (3): 518-31. ... Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines). The chemokine binding site on the receptor appears to be localised to the amino ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duffy_antigen_system

The chemokines CCL5/RANTES, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, all of which bind to CCR5, are inhibitory to HIV-1 replication in ... Chemokines are divided into four main subfamilies: C, CC, CXC, and CX3C. Microglial cells are sources of some chemokines and ... The chemokine receptor, CX3CR1, is expressed by microglia in the central nervous system. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is the exclusive ... Chemokines are cytokines that stimulate directional migration of inflammatory cells in vitro and in vivo. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role_of_microglia_in_disease

... expression of the chemokine RANTES in T lymphocytes". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 27 (1): 253-66. doi:10.1128/MCB.01071-06 ... "Interaction of PRP4 with Kruppel-like factor 13 regulates CCL5 transcription". Journal of Immunology. 178 (11): 7081-7. doi: ... expression of the chemokine RANTES in T lymphocytes". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 27 (1): 253-66. doi:10.1128/MCB.01071-06 ... It regulates the expression of the chemokine RANTES in T lymphocytes. It functions as a lynchpin, inducing a large enhancesome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLF13

The C-C motif chemokine receptor CCR5 is involved in the process by which HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, enters cells. Hence ... HIV/AIDS research Cenicriviroc CD4 CCL5 CCR5 Subtypes of HIV HIV tropism Discovery and development of non-nucleoside reverse ... However, to limit the toxicity and side effects of CCR5 antagonists it would be ideal to be able to preserve the chemokine ... Arimont A, Sun S, Smit MJ, Leurs R, de Esch IJ, de Graaf C (2017). "Structural Analysis of Chemokine Receptor-Ligand ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR5_receptor_antagonist

... chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10. These molecules activate both CD8+ T cells as well as ... Even plasmids that deliver the F-coding gene of SeV to tumor cells in model animals trigger the production of RANTES (CCL5) in ... chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10. These molecules activate both CD8+ T cells as well as ... Even plasmids that deliver the F-coding gene of SeV to tumor cells in model animals trigger the production of RANTES (CCL5) in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murine_respirovirus

Other molecular signals for megakaryocyte differentiation include GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-6, IL-11, chemokines (SDF-1, FGF-4) and ... Other signals such as PF4, CXCL5, CXCL7, and CCL5 inhibit platelet formation. Megakaryocytes are directly responsible for ... "Chemokine-mediated interaction of hematopoietic progenitors with the bone marrow vascular niche is required for thrombopoiesis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megakaryocyte

As the inflammatory response progresses, chemokines released by injured tissue enter the blood vessels and activate the rolling ... Läubli H, Spanaus KS, Borsig L (November 2009). "Selectin-mediated activation of endothelial cells induces expression of CCL5 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-selectin

The 2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championship were the 12th edition of the Ju-Jitsu World Championships, and were held in Paris, France from November 28 to November 30, 2014. 28.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Men's Duo System - Classic 29.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Women's Duo System - Classic 30.11.2014 - Men's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Mixed Duo System - Classic, Team event Vincent MATCZAK (2014-09-30). "4TH INVITAION TO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2014" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-28.[dead link] Online results Official results (PDF) Mixed team event results (PDF) (All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2022, Ju-Jitsu World Championships, 2014 in French sport ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Ju-Jitsu_World_Championships

Bolley L. "Bo" Johnson (born November 15, 1951) is an American politician from the state of Florida. A member of the Democratic Party, Johnson was a member of the Florida House of Representatives, and served as the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives. Johnson is from Milton, Florida. His father and grandfather served as county commissioners for Santa Rosa County, Florida. Johnson graduated from Milton High School, and became the first member of his family to attend college. He received his bachelor's degree from Florida State University. Johnson volunteered for Mallory Horne when Horne served as the president of the Florida Senate. At the age of 22, Johnson met Lawton Chiles, then a member of the United States Senate, who hired him as a legislative aide in 1973. Johnson was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 4th district from November 7, 1978 to November 3, 1992. He also served the 1st district from November 3, 1992 to November 8, 1994. He became the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolley_Johnson

... may refer to: Don't Say No (Billy Squier album), a 1981 album by American rock singer Billy Squier, and its title track Don't Say No (Seohyun EP), a 2016 extended play by South Korean pop singer Seohyun, and its title track "Don't Say No" (Tom Tom Club song), from the 1988 album Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom "Don't Say No", by Robbie Williams from the 2005 album Intensive Care "Don't Say No Tonight", a 1985 single by Eugene Wilde This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Don't Say No. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. (Disambiguation pages with short descriptions, Short description is different from Wikidata, All article disambiguation pages, All disambiguation pages, Disambiguation pages ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don't_Say_No

Oligomeric Structure of the Chemokine CCL5/RANTES from NMR, MS, and SAXS Data. *Xu Wang (Creator) ... Oligomeric Structure of the Chemokine CCL5/RANTES from NMR, MS, and SAXS Data. Biological Magnetic Resonance Bank. 10.13018/ ...

https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/datasets/oligomeric-structure-of-the-chemokine-ccl5rantes-from-nmr-ms-and-

"Chemokine CCL5" by people in this website by year, and whether "Chemokine CCL5" was a major or minor topic of these ... Chemokine CCL5 is specific for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR3 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS. The acronym RANTES refers to Regulated on ... "Chemokine CCL5" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Chemokine CCL5" by people in Profiles. ...

https://profiles.wakehealth.edu/display/83017

CD8+ T-cell-mediated suppression of HIV-1 long terminal repeat-driven gene expression is not modulated by the CC chemokines ... The purified myxoma virus gamma interferon receptor homolog M-T7 interacts with the heparin-binding domains of chemokines ...

https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/vocab-mesh-chemokine-ccl5

Chemokine CCL5. Thioredoxin. Thioredoxins. D20 - Complex Mixtures. Cobra Neurotoxins. Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins. ...

https://decs.bvs.br/I/rep_i2008.htm

We propose that CCL4/CCL5 may interact with their receptor, CCR1/CCR5, which may facilitate the recruitment of γδ T cells from ... chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) and C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1)/C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), the ... The regulatory network of the chemokine CCL5 in colorectal cancer. Zhang XF, Zhang XL, Wang YJ, Fang Y, Li ML, Liu XY, Luo HY, ... Intratumoral γδ T-Cell Infiltrates, Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 4/Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 5 Protein Expression and ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=32502310

Interplay between several molecules (cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and inflammatory mediators) culminates in causing damage ... CCL5: chemokine [c-c-motif] ligand-5/RANTES/its chemotactic for neutrophils; CCL2: chemokine [c-c-motif] ligand-2/MCP1; CCL3: ... A. Krishnamurthy, V. Joshua, A. H. Hensvold et al., "Identification of a novel chemokine-dependent molecular mechanism ... Interplay between several molecules (cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and inflammatory mediators) culminates in causing damage ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2019/6363086/

MeSH Terms: Biological Products/immunology; Cell Line, Tumor; Chemokine CCL5/immunology; Humans; Immunomodulation/immunology*; ... our western blotting study further revealed that the GLE treatment caused an increase in expression of CCL5 chemokine in the ...

https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/portfolio/index.cfm?do=portfolio.publicationDetail&id=3816448

CCL5 is a biomarker being researched by EDRN ... CCL5 is a biomarker being researched by EDRN ... From NCBI Gene: This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a ... It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it ... This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and ...

https://edrn.nci.nih.gov/data-and-resources/biomarkers/ccl5/

Chemokine CCL5 Preferred Concept UI. M0028315. Registry Number. 0. Scope Note. A CC-type chemokine that is a chemoattractant ... Chemokines [D12.644.276.374.200] * Chemokines, CC [D12.644.276.374.200.110] * Chemokine CCL1 [D12.644.276.374.200.110.050] ... Chemokines [D12.776.467.374.200] * Chemokines, CC [D12.776.467.374.200.110] * Chemokine CCL1 [D12.776.467.374.200.110.050] ... Chemokines [D23.529.374.200] * Chemokines, CC [D23.529.374.200.110] * Chemokine CCL1 [D23.529.374.200.110.050] ...

https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D018946

Elevated nasal wash concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-8/CXCL8, MIP1α+1β/CCL3+4, RANTES/CCL5, and CXCL9, have been ... CXCR3 ligands such as IP-10 and I-TAC, which attract activated Th1 cells, are dominant chemokines observed during HPIV ... Increasing levels of certain chemokines such as RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/224708-179324/which-factors-affect-the-immune-response-to-human-parainfluenza-virus-hpiv-infection

Meanwhile, trace of chemokines such as CCL3, CCL5 (a neuron survival factor), and CXCL10 in rabies infection has been ... Diverse chemokines as source nodes in RISN and information transduction to adenylate cyclases and MAP kinases via GNAI2 is ... 2014). Met-CCL5 represents an immunotherapy strategy to ameliorate rabies virus infection. J. Neuroinflammation 11:146. doi: ... It has been demonstrated that rabies infection up-regulates expression of CXCL10 and CCL5 proteins in a ERK1/2-, p38-, and NFkB ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01688/full

Recently, evidence has shown that the virus induces the release of the chemokine CCL5, which causes airway smooth-muscle ... Expression and function of chemokines during viral infections: from molecular mechanisms to in vivo function. J Leukoc Biol. ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/227820-clinical

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/224708-overview

6E) or the granule-contained CCL5 chemokine. Finally, EOMES induced the expression of many genes of unknown function such as ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-25758-2?error=cookies_not_supported&code=a489b0ff-9085-40bb-9b72-7649f5a083c4

Chemokine_and_PPP3CA_mRNA_expression_in_miR-inhibitor_transfected_macrophage.csv. *Chemokine_concentration_in_media_from_MDI- ... Chemokine_mRNA_expression_in_macrophages_transfected_with_PPP3CA_overexpression_plasmid.csv. *Chemokine_mRNA_expression_in_miR- ... Human CCL5 ELISA kit was obtained from R&D systems. ELISA were performed according to manufacturers instructions. ... Chemokine_concentration_in_media_from_miR-inhibitor_transfected_macrophage.csv. * ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/data/datasets/rd-1027-2021-0/default.html

... and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 [CCL5 or RANTES]), in contrast with the negligible gene activation of infected nontransgenic ... as well as chemokines (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor [G-CSF], monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], interferon ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/8/16-0229_article

In fact, this infiltration may be dependent on Ccl3 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3), as deletion of this chemokine results in ... Ccl5, Ccl6 and Ccl8 are up-regulated in Cx and down-regulated in M. ... such as pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, are differentially expressed in Ids-ko brain (Figure 10a,b and in Table S6h ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/5/1072

Altered circulating cytokine and chemokine concentrations. Cytokines and chemokines can induce adhesion molecule expression and ... Nonetheless, other chemoattractants such as CXCL9, CXCL11, CCL5, and SDF-1 can also promote T trafficking in tumors (8, 9, 14, ... of the patients had increases in all six cytokines/chemokines in response to Ipi-Bev. For cytokines/chemokines with ... Serum cytokine/chemokine expression and irAEs. In the Ipi-Bev-treated patients, severe (grade 3 or higher) irAEs include rash, ...

https://aacrjournals.org/cancerimmunolres/article/4/10/858/467786/VEGF-Neutralization-Plus-CTLA-4-Blockade-Alters

T cells and expression of Ccr2 and Ccr5 in the livers of patients with ALD and increased circulating chemokines, CCL2 and CCL5 ... We found that CCL2 and CCL5 sensitized hepatocytes to LPS-induced liver injury (TNFα, ALT and LDH release). Alcohol feeding ... Significance: A prominent pathology of alcoholic hepatitis is liver infiltration by immune cells, which requires chemokine ...

https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/about-niaaa/our-work/advisory-council/directors-reports-council/niaaa-directors-report-institute-activities-150th-meeting-national-advisory-council

Additionally, M2 related cytokine/chemokine receptors IL-4R and CCR1 were significantly dysregulated in IL-6KO BKC treated mice ... Multiplex protein analysis showed expression of multiple M1-related cytokines such IFN-g, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, and CCL7 ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=skin&t3=1&f1=%2A&s5=percutaneous&Startyear=&t1=1&s2=dermal&t4=1&terms=7&Adv=1&ct=&B1=Search&f2=%2A&t2=1&Limit=500&Sort=DP+DESC&s3=dermatitis&f3=%2A&s4=cutaneous&EndYear=&f4=%2A&f5=%2A&whichdate=DP&D1=10&PageNo=51&RecNo=506&View=f&

Chemokine. CCL. *CCL1. *CCL2/MCP1. *CCL3/MIP1α. *CCL4/MIP1β. *CCL5/RANTES ...

https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Leukemia_inhibitory_factor

... a set of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including TNF-α, CCL2 and CCL5 were elevated in Asxl1-/-Jak2VF mice compared ...

https://haematologica.org/article/view/haematol.2021.280320

Chemokine CCL5 Entry term(s). CCL5 Chemokine CCL5, Chemokine Chemokine, CCL5 RANTES RANTES Protein, T Cell RANTES Protein, T- ... Chimiokine CCL5 Entry term(s):. CCL5 Chemokine. CCL5, Chemokine. Chemokine, CCL5. RANTES. RANTES Protein, T Cell. RANTES ... Chemokine CCL5 - Preferred Concept UI. M0028315. Scope note. A CC-type chemokine that is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS; ... Chemokine CCL5 is specific for CCR1 RECEPTORS; CCR3 RECEPTORS; and CCR5 RECEPTORS. The acronym RANTES refers to Regulated on ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=32633

https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D018946

... and CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) [30]. ... CCL5:. Chemokine(C-C motif)ligand 5. CAMKII:. Ca2+/calmodulin- ... Human astrocytes: secretome profiles of cytokines and chemokines. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(4):e92325. ...

https://molecularbrain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13041-021-00779-6

Cytokines and chemokines networks. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used to construct the chemokines and ... Chemoattractants, such as Cxcl2, Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl4, and Ccl5, as well as pronounced inflammatory cytokine transcripts such as ... Most importantly, our conclusion regarding the chemokine and cytokine changes due to age does not change. The chemokine network ... Downregulation of the chemokines network due to age. Upper panel - Edges within the chemokine network in which both the ligand ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/74915

Recombinant Human C-C motif chemokine 5(CCL5). CSB-EP004800HU. E.coli. ... Recombinant Human C-C chemokine receptor type 8(CCR8) referenced in "The chemokine CCL1 triggers an AMFR-SPRY1 pathway that ... Chemokines. CD Antigen. FC Receptor. Immune Checkpoint. Colony Stimulating Factors. Growth Factors. Tumor Necrosis Factors. ... Recombinant Human C-X-C motif chemokine 5(CXCL5),partial. CSB-EP006250HU1. E.coli. ...

https://www.cusabio.com/catalog-63-24.html

CCL-5 (RANTES):. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5. CXCL12 (SDF-1α):. C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (The stromal cell-derived factor ... Soria G, Ben-Baruch A. The inflammatory chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 in breast cancer. Cancer Lett. 2008;267(2):271-85. doi:10.1016 ... Aldinucci D, Colombatti A. The inflammatory chemokine CCL5 and cancer progression. Mediat Inflamm. 2014;2014:292376. doi: ... and also increased expression of CCL5 in breast cancer cells cultivated in CM from pretreated MSC. Increased expression of CCL5 ...

https://biosignaling.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12964-016-0127-0

C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 [Sour. (gsea-msigdb.org)
The C-C chemokine receptor types 2 and 5 (CCR2 and CCR5), and their respective ligands, C-C chemokine ligand types 2 (CCL2/MCP-1) and 5 (CCL5/RANTES) play an important role in polarizing monocytes to M1 macrophages [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor. (nih.gov)

Human Qbeads Inflammation Panel Kit allows the measurement of seven human cytokines and chemokines from either serum or in vitro samples. (sartorius.com)
In animal models of acute allergic inflammation, cytokines and chemokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, CCL5 and CCL11 have been shown to induce eosinophilic airway inflammation, antigen-specific IgE production, and airway hyperresponsiveness. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. (nih.gov)

Additionally, M2 related cytokine/chemokine receptors IL-4R and CCR1 were significantly dysregulated in IL-6KO BKC treated mice. (cdc.gov)
We analyze the effect of aging on gene expression and chemokine and cytokine networks and show an overall decreased expression of inflammatory mediators together with an increased expression of senescent cells recognition receptors. (elifesciences.org)

Multiplex protein analysis showed expression of multiple M1-related cytokines such IFN-g, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, and CCL7 significantly modulated in IL6-KO BKC treated mice compared to C57. (cdc.gov)
In a study, the liver granulomas of chronically infected mice showed more cells and greater collagen deposition which was associated with higher levels of IL-5, IL-13, CCL3 and CCL5. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. (nih.gov)
A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR7 RECEPTORS. (bvsalud.org)

Interplay between several molecules (cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and inflammatory mediators) culminates in causing damage to the articular cartilage and bones. (hindawi.com)
Upon encountering outside stimuli, alveolar macrophages react by phagocytosis as well as producing and secreting different mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, and others, into the alveoli microenvironment to orchestrate the initiation of inflammatory/immune responses. (cdc.gov)
Those include interferons (IFNs), essential for the antiviral response proinflammatory mediators, and chemokines. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

The chemokine with chemotactic activity CCL5 is a 7.8 kDa protein and was discovered in activated T cells. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

The model he proposed was that 1) DC enters lymphatics thanks to a chemokine gradient (including CCL21 and CX3CL1) and 2) they synthesize a surface hyaluronan glycocalyx that acts as adhesin. (cfcd.fr)

The cytokines/chemokines included are implicated in inflammatory responses to disease states including autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and infections, including viral infections such as COVID-19. (sartorius.com)

Chemokine CCL5" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)

CCL5 is now known to be secreted by many other cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, tumor cells, smooth muscle cells, platelets, and hepatic stellate cells. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)
The expression of CCL5 is detected in atherosclerotic plaques and in monocyte/macrophages. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

From NCBI Gene: This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. (nih.gov)
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes encoding for CC chemokines were not associated with the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (cdc.gov)

This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. (nih.gov)

In addition, our western blotting study further revealed that the GLE treatment caused an increase in expression of CCL5 chemokine in the cultured B-lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
There are many epidemiological and clinical studies in several human diseases demonstrating the expression of CCL5 and correlation with indices of disease activity. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)
EGFR, HER2) on melanoma cells, and(b) CL-11-dependent promotion of immunosuppressive TME, characterized by a high proportion of myeloid cells and a low proportion of lymphocytes, lack of cytotoxic T cell infiltrating in the tumor core, increased angiogenesis, low levels of intratumor expression of cytokines/chemokines with antitumor properties (e.g. (bioz.com)

4. Chemokine CCL5 immune subtypes of human liver cancer with prognostic significance. (nih.gov)
Recombinant Human C-C chemokine receptor type 8(CCR8) referenced in "The chemokine CCL1 triggers an AMFR-SPRY1 pathway that promotes differentiation of lung fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and drives pulmonary fibrosis", Immunity , 2021. (cusabio.com)

This increase of hepatic CCL5 could mediate leukocyte recruitment to the organ and contribute to the systemic inflammation. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

CCL5 is associated with chronic inflammation and may play a direct role in angiogenesis and in other angiogenesis-dependent processes, such as the progression of some tumors. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Chemokine CCL5" by people in this website by year, and whether "Chemokine CCL5" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (wakehealth.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Chemokine CCL5" by people in Profiles. (wakehealth.edu)

The production of CCL5 has been observed in most viral infections of the respiratory tract. (ristorante-da-luciano.de)

24. Expression of CCR5 receptors on Reed-Sternberg cells and Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines: involvement of CCL5/Rantes in tumor cell growth and microenvironmental interactions. (nih.gov)
38. Role of myeloid-derived chemokine CCL5/RANTES at an early stage of atherosclerosis. (nih.gov)
Elevated serum RANTES chemokine levels in autoimmune Addison disease. (cdc.gov)

Calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus (FK506) attenuated the MDI-GSH conjugate-mediated induction of CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, and CXCL8/IL8 but not others. (cdc.gov)
Transfection of either miR-inhibitor-206-3p or miR-inhibitor-381-3p in macrophages induced chemokine CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, and CXCL8 transcription, whereas FK506 attenuated the miR-inhibitor-206-3p or miR-inhibitor-381-3p-mediated effects. (cdc.gov)

32. Chemokine C-C motif receptor 5 and C-C motif ligand 5 promote cancer cell migration under hypoxia. (nih.gov)
It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor. (nih.gov)

From NCBI Gene: This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. (nih.gov)
May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. (nih.gov)

The discussed chemokines in this review, their synonyms, receptors, activities and sources were summarized in Table 4 . (medscape.com)

22. Role of CCL5 in invasion, proliferation and proportion of CD44+/CD24- phenotype of MCF-7 cells and correlation of CCL5 and CCR5 expression with breast cancer progression. (nih.gov)
23. Genetic variants in CCL5 and CCR5 genes and serum VEGF-A levels predict efficacy of bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. (nih.gov)
26. Role of CCL5 and CCR5 gene polymorphisms in epidermal growth factor receptor signalling blockade in metastatic colorectal cancer: analysis of the FIRE-3 trial. (nih.gov)
29. The Diagnostic Significance of PDGF, EphA7, CCR5, and CCL5 Levels in Colorectal Cancer. (nih.gov)
34. Cytokine CCL5 and receptor CCR5 axis in glioblastoma multiforme. (nih.gov)
35. Augmented CCL5/CCR5 signaling in brown adipose tissue inhibits adaptive thermogenesis and worsens insulin resistance in obesity. (nih.gov)

Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. (nih.gov)

In addition, our western blotting study further revealed that the GLE treatment caused an increase in expression of CCL5 chemokine in the cultured B-lymphocytes. (nih.gov)

Thus, modulation of EAE with C-C chemokine DNA vaccines is determined by targeting chemokines that are highly transcribed at the site of inflammation at the onset of disease. (medscape.com)

In next part of the review, various chemokines with their specific role in altering immune response to combat various diseases especially cancers will be discussed. (medscape.com)
Generation of in vivo immune response to CCL5 pDNA had no remarkable effect on EAE. (medscape.com)

33. Infiltrating CD4+ T cells attenuate chemotherapy sensitivity in prostate cancer via CCL5 signaling. (nih.gov)

Anatomy25

Organisms5

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs68

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes17

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

RFLAT-1: a new zinc finger transcription factor that activates RANTES gene expression in T lymphocytes. (1/1514)

Similarities and differences in RANTES- and (AOP)-RANTES-triggered signals: implications for chemotaxis. (2/1514)

Induction of macrophage C-C chemokine expression by titanium alloy and bone cement particles. (3/1514)

RANTES, IFN-gamma, CCR1, and CCR5 mRNA expression in peripheral blood, lymph node, and bronchoalveolar lavage mononuclear cells during primary simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques. (4/1514)

Chemokine expression in CF epithelia: implications for the role of CFTR in RANTES expression. (5/1514)

IL-15 induces the expression of chemokines and their receptors in T lymphocytes. (6/1514)

IL-12 gene as a DNA vaccine adjuvant in a herpes mouse model: IL-12 enhances Th1-type CD4+ T cell-mediated protective immunity against herpes simplex virus-2 challenge. (7/1514)

Requirements for measles virus induction of RANTES chemokine in human astrocytoma-derived U373 cells. (8/1514)

Chemokine CCL27

Chemokine CCL21

Chemokine CCL22

Chemokine CCL17

Chemokine CCL2

Chemokine CCL19

Chemokine CCL5

Chemokine CCL20

Chemokine CCL1

Chemokines, CC

Receptors, Chemokine

Chemokine CCL3

Chemokine CCL7

Chemokines

Receptors, CCR10

Chemokine CCL4

Chemokine CXCL12

Receptors, CCR1

Chemokine CXCL10

Chemokine CCL8

Receptors, CCR

Receptors, CCR2

Chemokine CCL11

Chemokine CCL24

Receptors, CCR7

Receptors, CCR8

Chemokine CXCL1

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte

Receptors, CCR4

Chemokines, CXC

Chemokine CX3CL1

Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins

Receptors, CCR5

Receptors, CCR3

Chemokine CXCL9

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Cell Movement

Chemokine CXCL2

Chemokine CXCL13

Receptors, CXCR4

Chemokine CXCL11

Chemotaxis

Chemokine CXCL6

Cells, Cultured

Dendritic Cells

Chemokine CXCL5

Cytokines

Mice, Knockout

Receptors, CXCR3

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Monocytes

Macrophages

Gene Expression Regulation

RNA, Messenger

T-Lymphocytes

Inflammation

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Flow Cytometry

Receptors, Interleukin-8B

Signal Transduction

Dermatitis, Atopic

Cell Line

Up-Regulation

Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins

Disease Models, Animal

Skin

Mice, Transgenic

Interleukin-8

Ligands

Receptors, CCR6

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Receptors, Interleukin-8A

Lymph Nodes

Receptors, CXCR

Cell Line, Tumor

NF-kappa B

Carbon Tetrachloride

Immunohistochemistry

Receptors, Cytokine