OrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHumanitiesInformation ScienceHealth Care
Click ChemistryChemistry, ClinicalChemistry, OrganicClinical Chemistry TestsChemistryChemistry, AnalyticCombinatorial Chemistry TechniquesBlood Chemical AnalysisAlkynesChemistry, PharmaceuticalNobel PrizeMolecular StructureChemistry Techniques, SyntheticGreen Chemistry TechnologyOrganic Chemistry PhenomenaChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalChemistry, PhysicalEvolution, ChemicalSurface PropertiesCyclizationAzidesBiochemistryModels, ChemicalModels, MolecularOxidation-ReductionCatalysisCosmic DustDrug DesignExtraterrestrial EnvironmentStereoisomerismBiogenesisAtmosphereOrganic Chemistry ProcessesOrganic ChemicalsPolymersAstronomyQuantum TheoryWaterMolecular ConformationPhotoelectron SpectroscopyCopperAdsorptionHistory, 19th CenturyCarbonatesNanotechnologyRadiochemistryDrug DiscoveryIndicators and ReagentsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyEnzymesGasesBiological ProductsCoordination ComplexesQuality ControlOrganometallic CompoundsBiocompatible MaterialsStructure-Activity RelationshipExobiologyPhotochemical ProcessesNanoparticlesHistory, 18th CenturyKineticsAutoanalysisMass SpectrometrySulfhydryl CompoundsBiologySolar SystemHydrocarbons, CyclicSmall Molecule LibrariesHematologic TestsAminesMetalsFullerenesLigandsSilanesNanostructuresCrystallography, X-RayHistory, 20th CenturyChemical PhenomenaMolecular Sequence DataEcotoxicologyDendrimersCarbonHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPalladiumPeptidesChemical ProcessesBiosensing TechniquesMicroscopy, Scanning TunnelingElectronsThermodynamicsMetal NanoparticlesGoldProteinsPhotochemistryFluorescent DyesDNAOxygenBinding SitesElectrochemistry
Click Chemistry
Organic chemistry methodology that mimics the modular nature of various biosynthetic processes. It uses highly reliable and selective reactions designed to "click" i.e., rapidly join small modular units together in high yield, without offensive byproducts. In combination with COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES, it is used for the synthesis of new compounds and combinatorial libraries.
Chemistry, Clinical
The specialty of ANALYTIC CHEMISTRY applied to assays of physiologically important substances found in blood, urine, tissues, and other biological fluids for the purpose of aiding the physician in making a diagnosis or following therapy.
Chemistry, Organic
The study of the structure, preparation, properties, and reactions of carbon compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Clinical Chemistry Tests
Laboratory tests demonstrating the presence of physiologically significant substances in the blood, urine, tissue, and body fluids with application to the diagnosis or therapy of disease.
Chemistry
A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
Chemistry, Analytic
The branch of chemistry dealing with detection (qualitative) and determination (quantitative) of substances. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques
A technology, in which sets of reactions for solution or solid-phase synthesis, is used to create molecular libraries for analysis of compounds on a large scale.
Blood Chemical Analysis
An examination of chemicals in the blood.
Alkynes
Hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond in the linear portion, of the general formula Cn-H2n-2.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Chemistry dealing with the composition and preparation of agents having PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS or diagnostic use.
Nobel Prize
Molecular Structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic
Methods used for the chemical synthesis of compounds. Included under this heading are laboratory methods used to synthesize a variety of chemicals and drugs.
Green Chemistry Technology
Pollution prevention through the design of effective chemical products that have low or no toxicity and use of chemical processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.
Organic Chemistry Phenomena
The conformation, properties, reaction processes, and the properties of the reactions of carbon compounds.
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical
Methodologies used for the isolation, identification, detection, and quantitation of chemical substances.
Chemistry, Physical
The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes.
Evolution, Chemical
Chemical and physical transformation of the biogenic elements from their nucleosynthesis in stars to their incorporation and subsequent modification in planetary bodies and terrestrial biochemistry. It includes the mechanism of incorporation of biogenic elements into complex molecules and molecular systems, leading up to the origin of life.
Surface Properties
Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.
Cyclization
Changing an open-chain hydrocarbon to a closed ring. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Azides
Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.
Biochemistry
The study of the composition, chemical structures, and chemical reactions of living things.
Models, Chemical
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Models, Molecular
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Catalysis
The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.
Cosmic Dust
Finely divided solid matter with particle sizes smaller than a micrometeorite, thus with diameters much smaller than a millimeter, moving in interplanetary space. (NASA Thesaurus, 1994)
Drug Design
The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include pharmacokinetics, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis.
Extraterrestrial Environment
The environment outside the earth or its atmosphere. The environment may refer to a closed cabin (such as a space shuttle or space station) or to space itself, the moon, or other planets.
Stereoisomerism
The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Biogenesis
The origin of life. It includes studies of the potential basis for life in organic compounds but excludes studies of the development of altered forms of life through mutation and natural selection, which is BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION.
Atmosphere
The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Organic Chemistry Processes
The reactions, changes in structure and composition, the properties of the reactions of carbon compounds, and the associated energy changes.
Organic Chemicals
A broad class of substances containing carbon and its derivatives. Many of these chemicals will frequently contain hydrogen with or without oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements. They exist in either carbon chain or carbon ring form.
Polymers
Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS).
Astronomy
The science concerned with celestial bodies and the observation and interpretation of the radiation received in the vicinity of the earth from the component parts of the universe (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Quantum Theory
The theory that the radiation and absorption of energy take place in definite quantities called quanta (E) which vary in size and are defined by the equation E=hv in which h is Planck's constant and v is the frequency of the radiation.
Water
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Molecular Conformation
The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
The study of the energy of electrons ejected from matter by the photoelectric effect, i.e., as a direct result of absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation. As the energies of the electrons are characteristic of a specific element, the measurement of the energy of these electrons is a technique used to determine the chemical composition of surfaces.
Copper
A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
Adsorption
The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.
History, 19th Century
Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.
Carbonates
Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Nanotechnology
The development and use of techniques to study physical phenomena and construct structures in the nanoscale size range or smaller.
Radiochemistry
The study of the chemical and physical phenomena of radioactive substances.
Drug Discovery
The process of finding chemicals for potential therapeutic use.
Indicators and Reagents
Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).
Enzymes
Biological molecules that possess catalytic activity. They may occur naturally or be synthetically created. Enzymes are usually proteins, however CATALYTIC RNA and CATALYTIC DNA molecules have also been identified.
Gases
The vapor state of matter; nonelastic fluids in which the molecules are in free movement and their mean positions far apart. Gases tend to expand indefinitely, to diffuse and mix readily with other gases, to have definite relations of volume, temperature, and pressure, and to condense or liquefy at low temperatures or under sufficient pressure. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Biological Products
Complex pharmaceutical substances, preparations, or matter derived from organisms usually obtained by biological methods or assay.
Coordination Complexes
Neutral or negatively charged ligands bonded to metal cations or neutral atoms. The number of ligand atoms to which the metal center is directly bonded is the metal cation's coordination number, and this number is always greater than the regular valence or oxidation number of the metal. A coordination complex can be negative, neutral, or positively charged.
Quality Control
A system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Organometallic Compounds
A class of compounds of the type R-M, where a C atom is joined directly to any other element except H, C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, or At. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Biocompatible Materials
Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.
Structure-Activity Relationship
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
Exobiology
The interdisciplinary science that studies evolutionary biology, including the origin and evolution of the major elements required for life, their processing in the interstellar medium and in protostellar systems. This field also includes the study of chemical evolution and the subsequent interactions between evolving biota and planetary evolution as well as the field of biology that deals with the study of extraterrestrial life.
Photochemical Processes
Chemical reactions effected by light.
Nanoparticles
Nanometer-sized particles that are nanoscale in three dimensions. They include nanocrystaline materials; NANOCAPSULES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; DENDRIMERS, and QUANTUM DOTS. The uses of nanoparticles include DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and cancer targeting and imaging.
History, 18th Century
Time period from 1701 through 1800 of the common era.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Autoanalysis
Method of analyzing chemicals using automation.
Mass Spectrometry
An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.
Sulfhydryl Compounds
Compounds containing the -SH radical.
Biology
One of the BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES concerned with the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of animals, plants, and microorganisms.
Solar System
The group of celestial bodies, including the EARTH, orbiting around and gravitationally bound by the sun. It includes eight planets, one minor planet, and 34 natural satellites, more than 1,000 observed comets, and thousands of lesser bodies known as MINOR PLANETS (asteroids) and METEOROIDS. (From Academic American Encyclopedia, 1983)
Hydrocarbons, Cyclic
Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen forming a closed ring that may be either alicyclic or aromatic.
Small Molecule Libraries
Large collections of small molecules (molecular weight about 600 or less), of similar or diverse nature which are used for high-throughput screening analysis of the gene function, protein interaction, cellular processing, biochemical pathways, or other chemical interactions.
Hematologic Tests
Tests used in the analysis of the hemic system.
Amines
A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Metals
Electropositive chemical elements characterized by ductility, malleability, luster, and conductance of heat and electricity. They can replace the hydrogen of an acid and form bases with hydroxyl radicals. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Fullerenes
A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.
Ligands
A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Silanes
Compounds similar to hydrocarbons in which a tetravalent silicon atom replaces the carbon atom. They are very reactive, ignite in air, and form useful derivatives.
Nanostructures
Materials which have structured components with at least one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. These include NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTUBES; and NANOWIRES.
Crystallography, X-Ray
The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
History, 20th Century
Time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era.
Chemical Phenomena
The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Ecotoxicology
The study of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION and the toxic effects of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS on the ECOSYSTEM. The term was coined by Truhaut in 1969.
Dendrimers
Tree-like, highly branched, polymeric compounds. They grow three-dimensionally by the addition of shells of branched molecules to a central core. The overall globular shape and presence of cavities gives potential as drug carriers and CONTRAST AGENTS.
Carbon
A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Palladium
A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Chemical Processes
The reactions and interactions of atoms and molecules, the changes in their structure and composition, and associated energy changes.
Biosensing Techniques
Any of a variety of procedures which use biomolecular probes to measure the presence or concentration of biological molecules, biological structures, microorganisms, etc., by translating a biochemical interaction at the probe surface into a quantifiable physical signal.
Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling
A type of scanning probe microscopy in which a very sharp conducting needle is swept just a few angstroms above the surface of a sample. The tiny tunneling current that flows between the sample and the needle tip is measured, and from this are produced three-dimensional topographs. Due to the poor electron conductivity of most biological samples, thin metal coatings are deposited on the sample.
Electrons
Stable elementary particles having the smallest known negative charge, present in all elements; also called negatrons. Positively charged electrons are called positrons. The numbers, energies and arrangement of electrons around atomic nuclei determine the chemical identities of elements. Beams of electrons are called CATHODE RAYS.
Thermodynamics
A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
Metal Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles produced from metals whose uses include biosensors, optics, and catalysts. In biomedical applications the particles frequently involve the noble metals, especially gold and silver.
Gold
A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Photochemistry
Fluorescent Dyes
Agents that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Oxygen
An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
Binding Sites
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
Electrochemistry
The study of chemical changes resulting from electrical action and electrical activity resulting from chemical changes.
Particle Size
Relating to the size of solids.
Alkenes
Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408)
Sulfur Compounds
Inorganic or organic compounds that contain sulfur as an integral part of the molecule.
Elements
Substances that comprise all matter. Each element is made up of atoms that are identical in number of electrons and protons and in nuclear charge, but may differ in mass or number of neutrons.
Molecular Probes
A group of atoms or molecules attached to other molecules or cellular structures and used in studying the properties of these molecules and structures. Radioactive DNA or RNA sequences are used in MOLECULAR GENETICS to detect the presence of a complementary sequence by NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION.
Biomimetics
An interdisciplinary field in materials science, ENGINEERING, and BIOLOGY, studying the use of biological principles for synthesis or fabrication of BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS.
Iron
A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
Spectrum Analysis
The measurement of the amplitude of the components of a complex waveform throughout the frequency range of the waveform. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Cyclooctanes
A group of compounds with an 8-carbon ring. They may be saturated or unsaturated.
Wettability
The quality or state of being wettable or the degree to which something can be wet. This is also the ability of any solid surface to be wetted when in contact with a liquid whose surface tension is reduced so that the liquid spreads over the surface of the solid.
Meteoroids
Any solid objects moving in interplanetary space that are smaller than a planet or asteroid but larger than a molecule. Meteorites are any meteoroid that has fallen to a planetary surface. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Agrochemicals
Chemicals used in agriculture. These include pesticides, fumigants, fertilizers, plant hormones, steroids, antibiotics, mycotoxins, etc.
Volcanic Eruptions
The ash, dust, gases, and lava released by volcanic explosion. The gases are volatile matter composed principally of about 90% water vapor, and carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen. The ash or dust is pyroclastic ejecta and lava is molten extrusive material consisting mainly of magnesium silicate. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Ions
An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as CATIONS; those with a negative charge are ANIONS.
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Biological Science Disciplines
All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from BIOLOGY, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms.
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form.
Physicochemical Phenomena
The physical phenomena describing the structure and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.
Nanomedicine
The branch of medicine concerned with the application of NANOTECHNOLOGY to the prevention and treatment of disease. It involves the monitoring, repair, construction, and control of human biological systems at the molecular level, using engineered nanodevices and NANOSTRUCTURES. (From Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, vol 1, 1999).
Laboratories
Facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.
Cycloaddition Reaction
Synthetic organic reactions that use reactions between unsaturated molecules to form cyclical products.
Cross-Linking Reagents
Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other.
Materials Testing
The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.
Physics
The study of those aspects of energy and matter in terms of elementary principles and laws. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Environmental Pollution
Contamination of the air, bodies of water, or land with substances that are harmful to human health and the environment.
History, 21st Century
Time period from 2001 through 2100 of the common era.
Clinical Laboratory Techniques
Techniques used to carry out clinical investigative procedures in the diagnosis and therapy of disease.
Solid-Phase Synthesis Techniques
Techniques used to synthesize chemicals using molecular substrates that are bound to a solid surface. Typically a series of reactions are conducted on the bound substrate that results in either the covalent attachment of specific moieties or the modification of existing function groups. These techniques offer an advantage to those involving solution reactions in that the substrate compound does not have to be isolated and purified between the reaction steps.
Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
Benzene Derivatives
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
Heterocyclic Compounds
Ring compounds having atoms other than carbon in their nuclei. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Silicon
A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].
Protein Binding
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
Glass
Hard, amorphous, brittle, inorganic, usually transparent, polymerous silicate of basic oxides, usually potassium or sodium. It is used in the form of hard sheets, vessels, tubing, fibers, ceramics, beads, etc.
Polyethylene Glycols
Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.
Laboratories, Hospital
Hospital facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.
Lightning
An abrupt high-current electric discharge that occurs in the ATMOSPHERE and that has a path length ranging from hundreds of feet to tens of miles. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Silicon Dioxide
Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, QUARTZ, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid.
Halogens
A family of nonmetallic, generally electronegative, elements that form group 17 (formerly group VIIa) of the periodic table.
Evolution, Planetary
Creation and development of bodies within solar systems, includes study of early planetary geology.
Drug Delivery Systems
Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.
Oligonucleotides
Polymers made up of a few (2-20) nucleotides. In molecular genetics, they refer to a short sequence synthesized to match a region where a mutation is known to occur, and then used as a probe (OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES). (Dorland, 28th ed)
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Temperature
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Aldehydes
Organic compounds containing a carbonyl group in the form -CHO.
Solutions
The homogeneous mixtures formed by the mixing of a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance (solute) with a liquid (the solvent), from which the dissolved substances can be recovered by physical processes. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Blood Urea Nitrogen
The urea concentration of the blood stated in terms of nitrogen content. Serum (plasma) urea nitrogen is approximately 12% higher than blood urea nitrogen concentration because of the greater protein content of red blood cells. Increases in blood or serum urea nitrogen are referred to as azotemia and may have prerenal, renal, or postrenal causes. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)
Chemistry, Inorganic
A field of chemistry which pertains to chemical compounds or ions that do not contain the element carbon (with the exception of carbon dioxide and compounds containing a carbonate radical, e.g., calcium carbonate).
Acid Rain
Acidic water usually pH 2.5 to 4.5, which poisons the ecosystem and adversely affects plants, fishes, and mammals. It is caused by industrial pollutants, mainly sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted into the atmosphere and returning to earth in the form of acidic rain water.
Nucleic Acids
High molecular weight polymers containing a mixture of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides chained together by ribose or deoxyribose linkages.
Catalytic Domain
The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.
Spectrum Analysis, Raman
Analysis of the intensity of Raman scattering of monochromatic light as a function of frequency of the scattered light.
Calcium Carbonate
Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.
Brain Chemistry
Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.
Hydrogen Bonding
A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds.
Nucleic Acid Probes
Nucleic acid which complements a specific mRNA or DNA molecule, or fragment thereof; used for hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms and for genetic studies.
Imines
Nitrogen Oxides
Inorganic oxides that contain nitrogen.
Groundwater
Liquid water present beneath the surface of the earth.
Protons
Stable elementary particles having the smallest known positive charge, found in the nuclei of all elements. The proton mass is less than that of a neutron. A proton is the nucleus of the light hydrogen atom, i.e., the hydrogen ion.
Hydrogen
The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight [1.00784; 1.00811]. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are PROTONS. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM and the unstable, radioactive isotope TRITIUM.
Saturn
The sixth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its twelve natural satellites include Phoebe and Titan.
Microscopy, Atomic Force
A type of scanning probe microscopy in which a probe systematically rides across the surface of a sample being scanned in a raster pattern. The vertical position is recorded as a spring attached to the probe rises and falls in response to peaks and valleys on the surface. These deflections produce a topographic map of the sample.
Models, Biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Bromine
A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 36, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Anions
Negatively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms which travel to the anode or positive pole during electrolysis.
Microfluidic Analytical Techniques
Methods utilizing the principles of MICROFLUIDICS for sample handling, reagent mixing, and separation and detection of specific components in fluids.
Free Radicals
Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.
Interdisciplinary Studies
Programs of study which span the traditional boundaries of academic scholarship.
Ferric Compounds
Inorganic or organic compounds containing trivalent iron.
Earth (Planet)
Planet that is the third in order from the sun. It is one of the four inner or terrestrial planets of the SOLAR SYSTEM.
Electrolytes
Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Eagles
Large members of the FALCONIFORMES order of birds, family Accipitridae, most especially the genera Aquila, Haliaeetus, Harpia, and Circaetus. They are characterized by their powerful talons, which carry long, curved, pointed claws and by their opposable hindtoe.
Microfluidics
The study of fluid channels and chambers of tiny dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers and volumes of nanoliters or picoliters. This is of interest in biological MICROCIRCULATION and used in MICROCHEMISTRY and INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES.
Ketones
Cations
Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
The thermodynamic interaction between a substance and WATER.
Bilirubin
A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.
Computer Simulation
Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.
Biochemical Phenomena
The chemical processes, enzymatic activities, and pathways of living things and related temporal, dimensional, qualitative, and quantitative concepts.
Seawater
The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.
Macrocyclic Compounds
Cyclic compounds with a ring size of approximately 1-4 dozen atoms.
Natural Science Disciplines
The sciences dealing with processes observable in nature.
Isotope Labeling
Techniques for labeling a substance with a stable or radioactive isotope. It is not used for articles involving labeled substances unless the methods of labeling are substantively discussed. Tracers that may be labeled include chemical substances, cells, or microorganisms.
Carboxylic Acids
Organic compounds containing the carboxy group (-COOH). This group of compounds includes amino acids and fatty acids. Carboxylic acids can be saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic.
Lanthanoid Series Elements
Elements of the lanthanoid series including atomic number 57 (LANTHANUM) through atomic number 71 (LUTETIUM).
Halogenation
Covalent attachment of HALOGENS to other compounds.
Phosphorus
A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.
Polystyrenes
Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are thermoplastic and are used as insulators, for injection molding and casting, as sheets, plates, rods, rigid forms and beads.
Hydrocarbons
Alpha Particles
Positively charged particles composed of two protons and two NEUTRONS, i.e. equivalent to HELIUM nuclei, which are emitted during disintegration of heavy ISOTOPES. Alpha rays have very strong ionizing power, but weak penetrability.
Organophosphorus Compounds
Organic compounds that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule. Included under this heading is broad array of synthetic compounds that are used as PESTICIDES and DRUGS.
Transition Elements
Elements with partially filled d orbitals. They constitute groups 3-12 of the periodic table of elements.
Biocatalysis
The facilitation of biochemical reactions with the aid of naturally occurring catalysts such as ENZYMES.
Hydroxyl Radical
The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.
Alkylation
The covalent bonding of an alkyl group to an organic compound. It can occur by a simple addition reaction or by substitution of another functional group.
Graphite
An allotropic form of carbon that is used in pencils, as a lubricant, and in matches and explosives. It is obtained by mining and its dust can cause lung irritation.
Cycloparaffins
Alicyclic hydrocarbons in which three or more of the carbon atoms in each molecule are united in a ring structure and each of the ring carbon atoms is joined to two hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups. The simplest members are cyclopropane (C3H6), cyclobutane (C4H8), cyclohexane (C6H12), and derivatives of these such as methylcyclohexane (C6H11CH3). (From Sax, et al., Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)

An investigation into the binding of the carcinogen 15,16-dihydro-11-methylcyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one to DNA in vitro. (1/7085)

After metabolic activation the carcinogen 15,16-dihydro-11-[3H]methylcyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one binds to DNA in vitro, and this binding is prevented by 7,8-benzoflavone. Radioactivity cannot be removed from the DNA with organic solvents or by chromatography on Sephadex G-50, even after heat denaturation of the DNA. Enzymatic hydrolysis yields radioactive fractions, which elute from a column of Sephadex LH-20 immediately after the natural nucleosides. At least two species of reactive metabolites are involved in this bending, those with a half-life of a few hr and others with greater stability. After extraction from the aqueous incubation mixture, they could be detected in discrete polar fractions from separations of the complex metabolite mixture by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Their ability to bind to DNA decreased with time at ambient temperature, and they were rapidly deactivated by acid. 7,8-Benzolflavone acted by suppressing the formation of polar metabolites derived from enzymatic oxidation of the aromatic double bonds. The inhibitor had no effect on the enzymes hydroxylating saturated carbon; hence it is unlikely that metabolism of the methyl group is important in conversion of this carcinogen to its proximate form, although the presence of the 11-methyl group is essential for carcinogenic activity in this series.  (+info)

The interaction of rhodium(II) carboxylates with enzymes. (2/7085)

The effect of rhodium(II) acetate, propionate, and methoxyacetate on the activity of 17 enzymes was evaluated. The enzymes were preincubated with the rhodium(II) complexes in order to detect irreversible inhibition. All enzymes that have essential sulfhydryl groups in or near their active site were found to be irreversibly inhibited. Those enzymes without essential sulfhydryl groups were not affected. In each case, the rate of inactivation closely paralleled the observed toxicity and antitumor activity of rhodium(II) carboxylates; that is, rhodium(II) propionate greater than rhodium(II) acetate greater than rhodium(II) methoxyacetate. In addition, those enzymes that have been demonstrated to be most sensitive to established sulfhydryl inhibitors, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, were also most sensitive to rhodium(II) carboxylate inactivation. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance measurements made during the titration of rhodium(II) acetate with cysteine showed that breakdown of the carboxylate cage occurred as a result of reaction with this sulfhydryl-containing amino acid.  (+info)

Glycopeptides from the surgace of human neuroblastoma cells. (3/7085)

Glycopeptides suggesting a complex oligosaccharide composition are present on the surface of cells from human neuroblastoma tumors and several cell lines derived from the tumors. The glycopeptides, labeled with radioactive L-fucose, were removed from the cell surface with trypsin, digested with Pronase, and examined by chromatography on Sephadex G-50. Human skin fibroblasts, brain cells, and a fibroblast line derived from neuroblastoma tumor tissue show less complex glycopeptides. Although some differences exist between the cell lines and the primary tumor cells, the similarities between these human tumors and animal tumors examined previously are striking.  (+info)

The isolation and partial characterization of the serum lipoproteins and apolipoproteins of the rainbow trout. (4/7085)

1. VLD (very-low-density), LD (low-density) and HD (high-density) lipoproteins were isolated from the serum of trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson). 2. Each lipoprotein class resembled that of the human in immunological reactivity, electrophoretic behaviour and appearance in the electron microscope. Trout LD lipoprotein, however, was of greater density than human LD lipoprotein. 3. The trout lipoproteins have lipid compositions which are similar to those of the corresponding human components, except for their high contents of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids. 4. HD and LD lipoproteins were immunologically non-identical, whereas LD lipoproteins possessed antigenic determinants in common with VLD lipoproteins. 5. VLD and HD lipoproteins each contained at least seven different apoproteins, whereas LD liprotein was composed largely of a single apoprotein which resembled human apolipoprotein B. 6. At least one, and possibly three, apoprotein of trout HD lipoprotein showed features which resemble human apoprotein A-1.7. The broad similarity between the trout and human lipoprotein systems suggests that both arose from common ancestral genes early in evolutionary history.  (+info)

Studies of the binding of different iron donors to human serum transferrin and isolation of iron-binding fragments from the N- and C-terminal regions of the protein. (5/7085)

1. Trypsin digestion of human serum transferrin partially saturated with iron(III)-nitrilotriacetate at pH 5.5 or pH 8.5 produces a carbohydrate-containing iron-binding fragment of mol.wt. 43000. 2. When iron(III) citrate, FeCl3, iron (III) ascorabate and (NH4)2SO4,FeSO4 are used as iron donors to saturate the protein partially, at pH8.5, proteolytic digestion yields a fragment of mol.wt. 36000 that lacks carbohydrate. 3. The two fragments differ in their antigenic structures, amino acid compositions and peptide 'maps'. 4. The fragment with mol.wt. 36000 was assigned to the N-terminal region of the protein and the other to the C-terminal region. 5. The distribution of iron in human serum transferrin partially saturated with various iron donors was examined by electrophoresis in urea/polyacrylamide gels and the two possible monoferric forms were unequivocally identified. 6. The site designated A on human serum transferrin [Harris (1977) Biochemistry 16, 560--564] was assigned to the C-terminal region of the protein and the B site to the N-terminal region. 7. The distribution of iron on transferrin in human plasma was determined.  (+info)

Carbon 13 NMR study of nonenzymatic reactions of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate with selected amino acids and of related reactions. (6/7085)

Carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to monitor the nonenzymatic reactions of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate with glycine, alanine, valine, serine, and with several other model compounds. Isotopically enriched amino acids were employed so that low concentrations could be utilized while still allowing relatively rapid acquisition of spectral data. The results for alanine and serine are particularly noteworthy in that alanine is deaminated to pyruvate and pyruvate is aminated to alanine, but contrary to the enzymatic reactions of various serine dehydratases wherein serine is converted to pyruvate, the nonenzymatic reaction utilizing serine results in hydroxypruvate rather than pyruvate formation. In the reverse reaction, hydroxypyruvate is aminated to serine but very inefficiently relative to the amination of pyruvate to alanine. The experimental results have been formulated into a proposed reaction mechanism for deamination of amino acids by pyridoxal-P.  (+info)

Herpetic keratitis. Proctor Lecture. (7/7085)

Although much needs to be learned about the serious clinical problem of herpes infection of the cornea, we have come a long way. We now have effective topical antiviral drugs. We have animal models which, with a high degree of reliability, clearly predict the effect to be expected clinically in man, as well as the toxicity. We have systemically active drugs and the potential of getting highly active, potent, completely selective drugs, with the possibility that perhaps the source of viral reinfection can be eradicated. The biology of recurrent herpes and stromal disease is gradually being understood, and this understanding may result in new and better therapy of this devastating clinical disease.  (+info)

Crystal structure of the FMN-binding domain of human cytochrome P450 reductase at 1.93 A resolution. (8/7085)

The crystal structure of the FMN-binding domain of human NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R-FMN), a key component in the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system, has been determined to 1.93 A resolution and shown to be very similar both to the global fold in solution (Barsukov I et al., 1997, J Biomol NMR 10:63-75) and to the corresponding domain in the 2.6 A crystal structure of intact rat P450R (Wang M et al., 1997, Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 94:8411-8416). The crystal structure of P450R-FMN reported here confirms the overall similarity of its alpha-beta-alpha architecture to that of the bacterial flavodoxins, but reveals differences in the position, number, and length of the helices relative to the central beta-sheet. The marked similarity between P450R-FMN and flavodoxins in the interactions between the FMN and the protein, indicate a striking evolutionary conservation of the FMN binding site. The P450R-FMN molecule has an unusual surface charge distribution, leading to a very strong dipole, which may be involved in docking cytochrome P450 into place for electron transfer near the FMN. Several acidic residues near the FMN are identified by mutagenesis experiments to be important for electron transfer to P4502D6 and to cytochrome c, a clear indication of the part of the molecular surface that is likely to be involved in substrate binding. Somewhat different parts are found to be involved in binding cytochrome P450 and cytochrome c.  (+info)

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C13H18N2 Molecular formulaC13H18N2 Molecular formula
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C10H17NO4S Molecular formulaC10H17NO4S Molecular formula
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Phenylene-group definitionPhenylene-group definition
Phenylene-group definition. noun, Chemistry. 1. any of three bivalent, isomeric groups having the formula -C 6 H 4 -, derived from benzene by the removal of two hydrogen atoms.
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CAS # 171866-72-1, 3-tert-Butyl-L-serine, (2R,3S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylpentanoic acidCAS # 171866-72-1, 3-tert-Butyl-L-serine, (2R,3S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylpentanoic acid
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Transfection & Cell CultureTransfection & Cell Culture
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Trivial Names - AMA Manual of StyleTrivial Names - AMA Manual of Style
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2,4-Diamino-6-cyclohexylmethoxy-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Properties, Molecular Formula, Applications - WorldOfChemicals2,4-Diamino-6-cyclohexylmethoxy-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Properties, Molecular Formula, Applications - WorldOfChemicals
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AnilineAniline
Aniline Aniline Other names PhenylamineAminobenzeneBenzenamine Identifiers CAS number 62-53-3 SMILES NC1=CC=CC=C1 Properties Molecular formula C6H7N Molar mass
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Ennen musiikkia merkittävän osan Harrisin elämästä täytti urheilu. Hän harrasti jalkapalloa, krikettiä ja tennistä. Jalkapallossa hän oli hyvin lahjakas ja hän haaveilikin ammattilaisurasta suosikkiseurassaan West Ham Unitedissa. Hän kiinnostui rockmusiikista teini-iässä lainattuaan ystävältään muun muassa Jethro Tullin, Genesiksen ja Deep Purplen albumeita ja ryhtyi harkitsemaan urheilun jättämistä ja muusikoksi ryhtymistä. Uravalinta oli Harrisin tulevaisuuden kannalta rohkea, sillä häntä oli juuri pyydetty harjoittelemaan West Hamin kanssa seuran pelaajatarkkailijoiden toimesta.. Harris halusi alun perin opetella soittamaan rumpuja, mutta hänen kotonaan ei ollut riittävästi tilaa rumpusetille ja hän joutui luopumaan ajatuksesta. Hän aloitti kitaransoiton 17-vuotiaana kunnes hän päätti vaihtaa instrumenttinsa bassokitaraan.[1] Hän osti ensimmäisen bassonsa, 40 puntaa maksaneen Fender Precision Bassin kopion vuonna 1971.[2]. Harjoiteltuaan ostamallaan bassolla ...
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Formula | Notes, Videos, QA and Tests | Grade 9>Science>Classification of Elements |...Chemical Bonding and Molecular Formula | Notes, Videos, QA and Tests | Grade 9>Science>Classification of Elements |...
Chemical Bonding Chemical bonding is the force of attraction that binds atoms or group of atoms to form a stable chemical molecule or compound. For e
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A formula which gives the kinds of atoms or radicals and the number of each kind in the molecule of a compound. For example, C6H6 is the molecular formu...
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isomer | Infopleaseisomer | Infoplease
isomer ī´səmər [key], in chemistry, one of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different structures (arrangements of atoms in the molecule). Isomerism is the occurrence of such compounds. Isomerism was first recognized by J.
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Assembly of 2.5 nm filaments from giardin, a protein associated with cytoskeletal microtubules in Giardia | Journal of Cell...Assembly of 2.5 nm filaments from giardin, a protein associated with cytoskeletal microtubules in Giardia | Journal of Cell...
The giardins are a family of approximately 30000 Mr structural proteins found in microribbons attached to microtubules in the disc cytoskeleton of Giardia. After examining the solubility of giardins in various agents, a method has been developed to extract these polypeptides and subsequently precipitate them selectively. The giardin chains are soluble in 10 mM-HEPES/EDTA buffer at high pH and low ionic strength, but become insoluble in 10 mM-MES/EDTA buffer at pH 6.7 when the ionic strength is raised above 50 mM salt. By dialysing giardin extracts in turn against dissociating and reassembly buffers, the purification is obtained of a subset of giardin chains identified by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as the cytoskeleton bands 14a, 14b and 15. The structures forming under assembly conditions are all composed of fine filaments, 2-3 nm in diameter. Filaments after the first cycle of assembly are found in bundles, narrow ribbons of two or three filaments, and large ...
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Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Fentanyl Analogs | RTICarbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Fentanyl Analogs | RTI
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Imidazole, appears in a number of pharmaceuticals, is characterized by a ring structure composed of three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms at nonadjacent positions. The simplest member of the imidazole family is itself, a compound with molecular formula C3H4N2. Labs can produce it and its derivatives, like clotrimazole and econazole, synthetically. This allows for efficient mass production in a controlled environment.. The chemical was first prepared in 1858. Other imidazole compounds have been known longer: allantoin (discovered in 1800) and parabanic acid were prepared in 1837 from uric acid. The amino acid histidine and its decomposition product histamine have the structure, as does biotin, a growth factor for both humans and yeast.. Patients may be told to take an imidazole to treat a fungal infection because it has a broad mechanism of action and is usually easy to use. It can be applied topically to skin infections as well as fungal infections in the eyes and orifices, like vaginal ...
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ImidazoleImidazole
Imidazole, appears in a number of pharmaceuticals, is characterized by a ring structure composed of three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms at nonadjacent positions. The simplest member of the imidazole family is itself, a compound with molecular formula C3H4N2. Labs can produce it and its derivatives, like clotrimazole and econazole, synthetically. This allows for efficient mass production in a controlled environment.. The chemical was first prepared in 1858. Other imidazole compounds have been known longer: allantoin (discovered in 1800) and parabanic acid were prepared in 1837 from uric acid. The amino acid histidine and its decomposition product histamine have the structure, as does biotin, a growth factor for both humans and yeast.. Patients may be told to take an imidazole to treat a fungal infection because it has a broad mechanism of action and is usually easy to use. It can be applied topically to skin infections as well as fungal infections in the eyes and orifices, like vaginal ...
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Pyridine | chemical compound | BritannicaPyridine | chemical compound | Britannica
Pyridine, any of a class of organic compounds of the aromatic heterocyclic series characterized by a six-membered ring structure composed of five carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. The simplest member of the pyridine family is pyridine itself, a compound with molecular formula C5H5N. Pyridine is
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An aldehyde as well as a ketone can be represented by the same molecular formula, sayAn aldehyde as well as a ketone can be represented by the same molecular formula, say
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Aniline and substituted Anilines Compounds < Benzene and Benzene Substituted Derivatives Class << Benzenoids superclass <<<...Aniline and substituted Anilines Compounds < Benzene and Benzene Substituted Derivatives Class << Benzenoids superclass <<<...
Aniline Compounds are organic compounds, consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amine group, with a molecular formula (C6H5NH2)
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The chemical basis of host selection in stenophagous insects, Oidaematophorus monodactylus, Metriona bicolor, Deloyala guttata and Chelymorpha cassidea was studied. A compound with the molecular formula C₅H₃NO₄, isolated from a water extract of Calystegia sepium, acted as a recognition factor for O. monodactylus and D. guttata but not for M. bicolor and C. cassidea, indicating that insects feeding ...
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Selected principles and applications of chemistry, with emphasis on the fundamental nature of chemistry. Basic course dealing with concepts of atomic and molecular structure, chemical bonding, solution chemistry, equilibrium, reaction rates, and properties of gases, liquids, and solids.
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Potassium tert-butoxide is the chemical compound with the formula C4H9OK, sometimes written as (CH3)3CO−K+. It is a strong base (pKa of conjugate acid around 17), very useful in organic reactions. ...
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Flashcard Stash :: clonidine | a simple definitionFlashcard Stash :: clonidine | a simple definition
noun ● A drug traditionally prescribed for hypertension, having the chemical formula C9H9Cl2N3, and acting by stimulating α2 receptors in the brain
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Activated carbonActivated carbon
Analytical chemistry applications[edit]. Activated carbon, in 50% w/w combination with celite, is used as stationary phase in ... Bradley RH, Sutherland I, Sheng E (1996). "Carbon surface: Area, porosity, chemistry, and energy". Journal of Colloid and ... Lim JL, Okada M (2005). "Regeneration of granular activated carbon using ultrasound". Ultrasonic-Sono-Chemistry. 12 (4): 277- ... Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. 57 (5): 690-696. doi:10.1515/cclm-2018-0967. PMID 30427777.. ...
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Chemistry[edit]. All parts of the plant are highly poisonous, including the red berries which may be attractive to children.[20 ...
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginger
HistoneHistone
Chemistry of histone modifications[edit]. Lysine methylation[edit]. The addition of one, two, or many methyl groups to lysine ... Luck JM (1965). "Histone Chemistry: the Pioneers". In Bonner J, Ts'o P (eds.). The Nucleohistones. San Francisco, London, and ... What was said above of the chemistry of lysine methylation also applies to arginine methylation, and some protein domains-e.g ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (10): 5858-68. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.10.5858. PMID 9488723.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_modification
NatronNatron
Chemistry of hydrated sodium carbonate[edit]. Natron is also the mineralogical name for the compound sodium carbonate ... 3 Chemistry of hydrated sodium carbonate *3.1 As a source of soda ash ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natron
FluoresceinFluorescein
Gessner, Thomas; Mayer, Udo (2000). "Triarylmethane and Diarylmethane Dyes". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. ... The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 62 (19): 6469-6475. doi:10.1021/jo9706178.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescein
YohimbineYohimbine
Extracts and chemistry[edit]. Yohimbe (Pausinystalia johimbe) is a tree that grows in western and central Africa;[25] yohimbine ... The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Pharmacology. 32. Academic Press. 1988. p. 564. ISBN 978-0-12-469532-0. .. ... Manske R, Meurant G (1965). The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Physiology. 8. Academic Press. p. 696. ISBN 978-0080865324. .. ... The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 76 (21): 8907-12. doi:10.1021/jo201657n. PMID 21950549.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yohimbine
MAMA
Chemistry[edit]. *Methyl anthranilate, used as a bird repellent. *Minor actinides, the actinide elements in used nuclear fuel ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma
Science in the Age of EnlightenmentScience in the Age of Enlightenment
Chemistry[edit]. Main article: History of Chemistry. The chemical revolution was a period in the 18th century marked by ... Transition to and acceptance of Lavoisier's new chemistry varied in pace across Europe. The new chemistry was established in ... The Development of Modern Chemistry. New York: Harper & Row.. Jacob, Margaret C. 1988. The Cultural Meaning of the Scientific ... and the maturation of chemistry as a discipline, which established the foundations of modern chemistry. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_in_the_Age_of_Enlightenment
PsoralenPsoralen
Chemistry[edit]. Psoralen intercalates into the DNA double helix where it is ideally positioned to form one or more adducts ... Organic Chemistry, Photochemistry, and Biochemistry". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 54: 1151-1193. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psoralen
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistGonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist
Chemistry[edit]. See also: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor § Agonists. GnRH agonists are synthetically modeled after ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadotropin-releasing_hormone_agonist
User:The ed17/Archives/34User:The ed17/Archives/34
Manhattan Project and fluoride chemistry[edit]. Hello, and thank you very much for your comments at the DYK nomination page. ... The field of halogen and organofluorine chemistry was poorly understood until around 1942, when the chemists, chemical ... the man who first synthesized methoxyflurane as a byproduct of this organofluorine chemistry research. So you can see that the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:The_ed17/Archives/34
AmmTX3AmmTX3
Chemistry[edit]. AmmTX3 has a molecular mass of 3823.5 Da and consists of a single chain of 37 amino acid residues. These ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmmTX3
PentamidinePentamidine
Chemistry[edit]. Pentamidine isethionate for injection is commercially available as a lyophilized, white crystalline powder for ... 2013). Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry (Seventh ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentamidine
Vitamin CVitamin C
"The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 223 (2): 897-905. PMID 13385237.. *^ Burns JJ, Moltz A, Peyser P (December 1956). "Missing ... "Frontiers in Chemistry. 5: 50. Bibcode:2017FrCh....5...50M. doi:10.3389/fchem.2017.00050. PMC 5504230. PMID 28744455.. ... "The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 289 (5): 2515-2525. doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.514828. PMC 3908387. PMID 24347170.. ... Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry. 35. pp. 1-29. doi:10.1016/S0065-2318(08)60217-6. ISBN 9780120072354. . ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-ascorbic_acid
Group 5 elementGroup 5 element
Most of the chemistry has been observed only for the first three members of the group, the chemistry of dubnium is not very ... Chemistry[edit]. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in its electron configuration, especially the ... Out of the group 5 elements, only vanadium has been identified as playing a role in the biological chemistry of living systems ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_5_element
Hydrogen isocyanideHydrogen isocyanide
... on NIST Chemistry WebBook. References[edit]. *^ The suffix ylidyne refers to the loss of three hydrogen ... Chemistry in the interstellar medium[edit]. HNC is found primarily in dense molecular clouds, though it is ubiquitous in the ... 1997). "A Study of the Physics and Chemistry of TMC-1". Astrophysical Journal. 486 (2): 862-885. Bibcode:1997ApJ...486..862P. ... "The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 86 (3): 321-322. doi:10.1021/j100392a006. ISSN 0022-3654.. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_isocyanide
Acorus americanusAcorus americanus
Chemistry[edit]. In 1968 the Food and Drug Administration banned Acorus calamus from being used as a food additive and as a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorus_americanus
Electric batteryElectric battery
Lithium-Iron-Phosphate chemistry. Lithium ion. 3.6. 460. Various lithium chemistries. Very expensive. Very high energy density ... Traditional chemistry has high energy density, but also a high rate of self-discharge. Newer chemistry has low self-discharge ... Chemistry. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to ... Lithium' alone usually refers to this type of chemistry.. Lithium. (lithium-carbon fluoride). Li-(CF)n. Li. (CF)n. 3.6. 3.0. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_
List of phobiasList of phobias
Biology, chemistry. Biologists use a number of -phobia/-phobic terms to describe predispositions by plants and animals against ... in chemistry to describe chemical aversions (e.g. hydrophobic), in biology to describe organisms that dislike certain ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypnophobia
DomperidoneDomperidone
Chemistry[edit]. Domperidone is a benzimidazole derivative and is structurally related to butyrophenone neuroleptics like ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domperidone
QuinineQuinine
Staines HM, Krishna S (2011). Treatment and Prevention of Malaria : Antimalarial Drug Chemistry, Action and Use. [S.l.]: ... Olmsted J, Williams GM (1997). Chemistry: The Molecular Science. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-815-18450-8. . ... O'Connor SE, Maresh JJ (August 2006). "Chemistry and biology of monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis". Natural Product ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinine
BreathalyzerBreathalyzer
Chemistry[edit]. When the user exhales into a breath analyzer, any ethanol present in their breath is oxidized to acetic acid ... "Organic Chemistry Resources Worldwide. Archived from the original on 2006-08-31. Retrieved 2012-01-12.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breathalyzer
MesalazineMesalazine
Chemistry[edit]. Mesalazine is the active moiety of sulfasalazine, which is metabolized to sulfapyridine and mesalazine.[9] It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asacol
InductionInduction
Inductive cleavage, in organic chemistry. *Inductive effect, the redistribution of electron density through molecular sigma ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction
Fumaric acidFumaric acid
Chemistry[edit]. Fumaric acid was first prepared from succinic acid.[13] A traditional synthesis involves oxidation of furfural ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E297
Elena CeaușescuElena Ceaușescu
Reputation as a chemistry researcher[edit]. After graduating from primary school in her village and moving to Bucharest, ... Ceaușescu was given many honorary awards for scientific achievement in the field of polymer chemistry during the period when ... at the time when she wanted to receive her doctorate from the Bucharest Faculty of Chemistry, she met with strong opposition ... still made sure that the University of Bucharest awarded her a PhD in chemistry. The contents of her many scientific papers ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elena_Ceaușescu
Pluteus salicinusPluteus salicinus
Chemistry[edit]. The concentration of psilocybin and psilocin in the dried sample of P. salicinus has been reported in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluteus_salicinus
Desiccated thyroid extractDesiccated thyroid extract
Chemistry[edit]. Desiccated thyroid has been described in the United States Pharmacopoeia for a century as the cleaned, dried, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccated_thyroid_extract
Rhenium - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic TableRhenium - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table
Youre listening to Chemistry in its element brought to you by Chemistry World, the magazine of the Royal Society of Chemistry. ... Chemistry in its element is brought to you by the Royal Society of Chemistry and produced by thenakedscientists.com. Theres ... FunKids radio, in collaboration with the RSC, has produced a set of short chemistry snippets introducing children to chemistry ... W. M. Haynes, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, 95th Edition, Internet ...
http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/75/rhenium
Any good chemistry simulators? | Physics Forums - The Fusion of Science and CommunityAny good chemistry simulators? | Physics Forums - The Fusion of Science and Community
Similar Discussions: Any good chemistry simulators? * Good book for introduction to chemistry (Replies: 3) ... I would like it to be relatively simple since I do not know much about chemistry. Any ideas? Btw its for personal use so it ... I would like it to be relatively simple since I do not know much about chemistry. Any ideas?. Btw its for personal use so it ... I am looking for a free chemistry simulator that allows me to see generally what would happen under certain chemical reactions ...
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/any-good-chemistry-simulators.933505/
Berry College Chemistry and BiochemistryBerry College Chemistry and Biochemistry
The chemistry curriculum at Berry College combines a solid background in the fundamental principles of chemistry with firsthand ... Modern chemistry is a broadly diverse science positioned at the interface of physics, biology and mathematics. ... CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY. Modern chemistry is a broadly diverse science positioned at the interface of physics, biology and ... The Chemistry Department offers ACS-accredited degrees in both Chemistry and Biochemistry. These accredited degrees are ...
https://www.berry.edu/academics/science/chemistry/
The Difference Between Biology, Chemistry and PhysicsThe Difference Between Biology, Chemistry and Physics
If youre into science, you know that many people fail to understand the finite differences between all of the differing branches. Give them a hand, and your physicist friends a jest, with this simple guide. The shirt reads:
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Chemistry news, research and opinions | Chemistry WorldChemistry news, research and opinions | Chemistry World
Read Chemistry World to keep up with stories from across the chemical sciences. ... Chemistry, covered. Science news, research, reviews, features and opinions. ... Explore the Royal Society of Chemistrys Pay and Reward Survey archive. Voice of The Royal Society of Chemistry ... The Royal Society of Chemistry. Voice of The Royal Society of Chemistry ...
https://www.chemistryworld.com/
Anticancer Agents in Medicinal ChemistryAnticancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
... drug chemistry meetings, medicinal chemistry congress, medicinal chemistry events, medicinal chemistry meetings, medicinal ... medicinal chemistry 2019, medicinal plants conferences, medicinal chemistry symposium, med chem conferences, drug design ... Green chemistry and Plastic Chemistry - Green Chemistry 2019 (Canada). *Green Chemistry and Renewable Resources - Chemistry ... Bio-Chemistry and Agricultural Chemistry - Euro Organic Chemistry 2019 (Italy). *Bio-chemistry and agricultural chemistry - ...
https://medicinalchemistry.pharmaceuticalconferences.com/europe/events-list/anticancer-agents-in-medicinal-chemistry
MedChem and Rational Drugs 2018 Conference | USA | Asia | Europe | Middle East | 2018MedChem and Rational Drugs 2018 Conference | USA | Asia | Europe | Middle East | 2018
Analytical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bioequivalence, Regulatory/Legal Affairs ... Meet leading experts from in the field of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Regulatory affairs, ... Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Medical Biochemistry, Physical Chemistry, Biological Chemistry, ... Nuclear chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Stereochemistry, Clinical chemistry, Medicinal & pharmaceutical chemistry. Conference ...
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Chemistry - WikipediaChemistry - Wikipedia
... flavor chemistry, flow chemistry, geochemistry, green chemistry, histochemistry, history of chemistry, hydrogenation chemistry ... polymer chemistry, radiochemistry, solid-state chemistry, sonochemistry, supramolecular chemistry, surface chemistry, synthetic ... It is usually associated with quantum chemistry and theoretical chemistry. Physical chemistry is a distinct discipline from ... immunochemistry, marine chemistry, materials science, mathematical chemistry, mechanochemistry, medicinal chemistry, molecular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry?utm_source=Copy+of+December+2012&utm_campaign=October+Newsletter&utm_medium=archive
Analytical ChemistryAnalytical Chemistry
BCH6504 Biochemistry:In this decision study the definition ,important characteristics , structures and other related information about biochemistry at Koya University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
https://sites.google.com/a/koyauniversity.org/ach6006/
ChemistryChemistry
... surface chemistry and cluster chemistry. Prerequisite: Background in Chemistry equivalent to Chemistry 76 or Physics equivalent ... Chemistry 10 is a general chemistry course for students with a strong background in chemistry and mathematics who may have an ... Chemistry 2 develops the quantitative basis of chemistry relationships and the skills to solve chemistry problems. Much of the ... Laboratories cover physical chemistry techniques drawn from these areas. Prerequisites: Chemistry 75 and Chemistry 64, or ...
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~regarchive/catalog/desc2010/chem.html
ChemistryChemistry
News & Events Awards and Accolades Chairs Office UAlberta Working for Inclusivity in Chemistry Contact Us Give to Chemistry ... Department of Chemistry. 11227 Saskatchewan Drive. University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta Canada T6G 2G2 ... Chemistry, biochemistry and virology labs team up to look for action against deadly human virus. ... Cutting-edge research boosts Chemistry program to second in Canada, according to the latest Shanghai rankings. Determined by ...
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ChemistryChemistry
Prerequisite: Chemistry 41, Chemistry 67, Chemistry 62 or 72, and Chemistry 52 or 58, or permission of the instructor. ... surface chemistry and cluster chemistry. Prerequisite: Background in Chemistry equivalent to Chemistry 76 or Physics equivalent ... Chemistry 10 is a general chemistry course for students with a strong background in chemistry and mathematics who may have an ... Chemistry 2 develops the quantitative basis of chemistry relationships and the skills to solve chemistry problems. Much of the ...
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~regarchive/catalog/desc2009/chem.html
Nature Reviews ChemistryNature Reviews Chemistry
Comments and Highlights in all disciplines within pure and applied chemistry ... Nature Reviews Chemistry is an online-only journal publishing Reviews, Perspectives, ... Nature Research Chemistry Community Visit (and perhaps join!) the Nature Research Chemistry Community to discover more content ... The chemistry of senescence Senescence is a state of permanent cell cycle arrest. This Review highlights the chemical ...
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Amu Industrial ChemistryAmu Industrial Chemistry
industrial chemistry students studied in various years at Deaprtment Of Chemistry,ALigarh Muslim University,ALigarh. ... Amu Industrial Chemistry is a Restricted Group with 21 members.. *Amu Industrial Chemistry ... industrial chemistry students studied in various years at Deaprtment Of Chemistry,ALigarh Muslim University,ALigarh. ...
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Chemistry | SpringerChemistry | Springer
Chemistry Springer is the leading publisher of chemistry books, including monographs, textbooks and reference works. We publish ... We are proud to be the publisher of highly reputed series such as Topics in Current Chemistry and Lecture Notes in Chemistry. ... Chemistry for a Better Future. Explore our special collection of literature to help tackle global grand challenges! ... Cherish the 150-year history of modern chemistry with Springer! Enjoy exploring our special site & get new insights into the ...
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Nuclear ChemistryNuclear Chemistry
The Nuclear Chemistry Team engages in advanced studies of nuclear fission, neutron capture, and nuclear isomers, along with the ... Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Chemistry. Advanced studies of nuclear fission, neutron capture, and nuclear isomers, along with the ... The Nuclear Chemistry Team engages in advanced studies of nuclear fission, neutron capture, and nuclear isomers, along with the ...
https://www.lanl.gov/org/padste/adcles/chemistry/nuclear-radiochemistry/nuclear-chemistry/
Doklady ChemistryDoklady Chemistry
... is a journal consisting of English translations of articles published in Russian on chemistry and chemical ... Related subjects » Chemistry - Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Impact Factor: 0.58 (2017) * Journal Citation ... Doklady Chemistry is a journal consisting of English translations of articles published in Russian on chemistry and chemical ... Doklady Chemistry is a journal consisting of English translations of articles published in Russian on chemistry and chemical ...
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chemistry - Wiktionarychemistry - Wiktionary
chemistry (countable and uncountable, plural chemistries). *(uncountable) The branch of natural science that deals with the ... Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=chemistry&oldid=49008379" ...
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chemistry
Physical chemistryPhysical chemistry
Some of the relationships that physical chemistry strives to resolve include the effects of:. History. The term "physical ... Together with Svante August Arrhenius.[4], these were the leading figures in physical chemistry in the late 19th century and ... Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of ... Modern physical chemistry originated in the 1860s to 1880s with work on chemical thermodynamics, electrolytes in solutions, ...
http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Physical_chemistry.html
Faculty | ChemistryFaculty | Chemistry
Synthetic organic, carbohydrate and bioorganic chemistry, NMR computational chemistry. Rylan Lundgren. E4-17A Chemistry Centre ... W5-70C Chemistry Centre. (780) 492-8823. [email protected] Group website. Prebiotic chemistry of iron-sulfur peptides; ... W3-70B Chemistry Centre. (780) 492-9529. [email protected] Group website. Physical organic chemistry, new synthetic methods ... W4-03A Chemistry Centre. (780) 492-2315. [email protected] Group website. Environmental and Atmospheric Chemistry; air pollution ...
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Facile fluorination | Nature ChemistryFacile fluorination | Nature Chemistry
The palladium-catalysed conversion of aryl bromides and triflates into aryl fluorides has been achieved.
https://www.nature.com/articles/nchem.389?error=cookies_not_supported&code=bfc770a8-082c-44be-844c-1acb8bdecc1d
Green Chemistry | US EPAGreen Chemistry | US EPA
Green Chemistry. Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the generation of ... The Green Chemistry Challenge winning technologies annually:. *Eliminate 826 million pounds of hazardous chemicals and solvents ... Related EPA Green Chemistry Information. *Ingredients used in Safer Choice-labeled products ...
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Comfort (Food) Chemistry | WIREDComfort (Food) Chemistry | WIRED
Comfort (Food) Chemistry. In light of Fridays horrific mass-shooting tragedyin Colorado, Ive decided to postpone my planned ... 1) The chemistry of butter gives it a lower melting point than shortening. That means that cookies made with butter spread out ... But it doesnt really matter if Ive recreated the cookie chemistry of my childhood. Ive made a memory for my own child and ... Not to mention the many scientific pronouncementsassuring us that the chemistry of chocolate really does make us feel better. ...
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Physical Chemistry - Introduction - YouTubePhysical Chemistry - Introduction - YouTube
Physical chemistry is the use of the laws of physics to develop insight into chemical systems. Physical chemist... ... Physical chemistry is the use of the laws of physics to develop insight into chemical systems. Physical chemistry it typically ... Subdivisions of physical chemistry include quantum chemistry, spectroscopy, thermodynamics, kinetics, and statistical mechanics ... 160 videos Play all Quantum Chemistry and SpectroscopyTMP Chem. * 1. Introduction to Human Behavioral Biology - Duration: 57:15 ...
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Chemistry on Apple MusicChemistry on Apple Music
Listen to songs and albums by Chemistry, including Anything for You, Astrosexy (Remixed by Koji Nakamura from Supercar), ... Chemistry. The male Japanese pop/R&B duo Chemistry got their start via the highly popular TV show Ayasan, and then went on to ... who beat Chemistry to number one. Despite that, Chemistry remained a J-pop force to be reckoned with, their compilation All the ... Chemistry had a chance to extend their regional fan base further in 2003 as well, as the band performed in an anti-piracy event ...
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Chemistry/ Biology I ScienceChemistry/ Biology I Science
Welcome to Chemistry/Biology I Science at ABHS First semester of Chemistry/ Biology I science at ABHS is Chemistry I. The ...
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Biomembrane Chemistry AwardBiomembrane Chemistry Award
The Biomembrane Chemistry Award was concerned with new advances in the understanding of the structure and behaviour of lipid ... The Biomembrane Chemistry Award was concerned with new advances in the understanding of the structure and behaviour of lipid ... were welcomed from those who had made notable contributions to this field whilst working in sciences bordering on chemistry. ...
https://www.rsc.org/prizes-funding/prizes/archives/biomembrane-chemistry-award/
Elution | chemistry | BritannicaElution | chemistry | Britannica
Other articles where Elution is discussed: blood group: Adsorption, elution, and titration: …by a process known as elution. One simple way of eluting (dissociating) antibody from washed red cells is to heat them at 56 °C (133 °F) in a small volume of saline solution. Other methods include use of acid or ether. This technique is sometimes useful in the identification of…
https://www.britannica.com/science/elution
General Chemistry [Book]General Chemistry [Book]
... the fundamental concepts of general chemistry in a precise and comprehensive manner for undergraduate students of chemistry and ... Adhering strictly to … - Selection from General Chemistry [Book] ... Organic Chemistry I For Dummies, 2nd Edition. by Arthur Winter The easy way to take the confusion out of organic chemistry ... General Chemistry presents the fundamental concepts of general chemistry in a precise and comprehensive manner for ...
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Chemistry & Biochemistry | ScienceBlogsChemistry & Biochemistry | ScienceBlogs
Some chemistry experiments are better in the spring, especially if youre using peeps, but experiments with candy and soda pop ... Cooking-intensive holidays always remind me how much fun it is to do a bit of chemistry, especially when it comes to food. If ... technorati tags: Mentos and Diet Coke, chemistry, science you can do at home ...
https://scienceblogs.com/tag/chemistry-biochemistry
BiochemistryOrganicPhysicsAnalyticalComputational ChemistryGeneral chemistry20172018MoleculesSearchAcademicsBioinorganic ChemistryCombinatorial chemistryFacultyPolymersBiologyCompoundsStoichiometryRoyal Society oUndergraduateBiologicalPrinciplesDepartmentSciencePrerequisitesSpectroscopyThermodynamicsChemistsBiosyntheticNobel Prize inResearchExperimentsLaboratoryGreen ChemistryMaterials ChemistryMicroscaleStudentsGraduateReactionsMathematicsProfessorLinus PaulingExploreFundamentalBranches of chemistrySynthetic20thExperimentalSpecializationMainModern chemistryIndustrial ChemistryCoursesMedicinal
Biochemistry14
  • The chemistry and biochemistry curriculum at Berry College combines a solid background in the fundamental principles of chemistry with firsthand experience using state-of-the-art laboratory equipment. (berry.edu)
  • The Chemistry Department offers ACS-accredited degrees in both Chemistry and Biochemistry. (berry.edu)
  • These accredited degrees are especially helpful for those students planning on attending graduate school to obtain a Masters or Ph.D. in Chemistry, Biochemistry or Molecular Biology. (berry.edu)
  • Berry College offers Chemistry and Biochemistry BS degrees approved by the American Chemical Society. (berry.edu)
  • The Chemistry and Biochemistry Department secured funding from the National Science Foundation to bring a high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument to Berry College. (berry.edu)
  • Chemistry, biochemistry and virology labs team up to look for action against deadly human virus. (ualberta.ca)
  • The chemistry concentration offers a broad training in modern chemistry, covering the major subfields--biochemistry, inorganic, organic, and physical--and at the same time allowing students to pursue their special interest(s). (brandeis.edu)
  • The doctoral program will normally include a basic set of courses in the student's own area of interest, to be supplemented by advanced courses in chemistry and, where appropriate, biochemistry, biology, mathematics, and physics. (brandeis.edu)
  • A subdiscipline of both biology and chemistry, biochemistry examines the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. (nsf.gov)
  • It is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field that combines organic chemistry and biochemistry. (merlot.org)
  • Please recall that organic chemistry investigates all molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen, and biochemistry focuses on the network of molecular pathways in the cell. (merlot.org)
  • You are a chemist with a focus on organic, inorganic, macromolecular, technical, physical or analytical chemistry, food chemistry or biochemistry and have not yet finished your university studies. (basf.com)
  • More than twenty students a year participate in independent projects, and between twenty and forty chemistry and biochemistry majors graduate each year. (bowdoin.edu)
  • At that time the Daniel Sieff Research Institute had two main branches of science: organic chemistry and biochemistry. (weizmann.ac.il)
Organic27
  • This course is intended for chemistry majors and will be divided into three sec-tions, using specific examples to demonstrate and stress the role and integration of organic, inorganic and physical chemistry as applied to biochemical processes. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Carbon chemistry is so important that it has a whole branch of chemistry entirely devoted to it - organic chemistry. (rsc.org)
  • inorganic chemistry, the study of all the elements and their compounds with the exception of carbon and its compounds, which fall under the category of organic chemistry . (infoplease.com)
  • Inorganic chemistry investigates the characteristics of substances that are not organic, such as nonliving matter and minerals found in the earth's crust. (infoplease.com)
  • You'll learn from academics with expertise in all branches of chemistry, including organic, inorganic, physical and computational chemistry. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Topics are drawn from physical, organic, and inorganic chemistry. (princeton.edu)
  • The Ph.D. is offered with specializations in inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry, and chemical physics. (brandeis.edu)
  • All students will be required to demonstrate knowledge in advanced areas of inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
  • In addition, the undergraduate curriculum of applicants should include courses in physics and mathematics (differential and integral calculus) and courses in general, inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
  • There were 2,368 enrollments in organic chemistry lecture classes, reflecting the large number of pre-professional students that we teach. (lsu.edu)
  • Your first and second years will develop understanding of core areas of Chemistry including Organic, Inorganic and Physical as well as a Mathematics component. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The Faculty consists of five departments: Chemical Physics, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Materials and Interfaces, Organic Chemistry and Structural Biology, in which more than 60 research groups are operating. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Organic Mesoscopic Chemistry focuses on organic molecular systems and outlines the most dynamic areas of research. (google.com)
  • It provides justifications for the schemes proposed in organic chemistry to predict and account for the reactions of organic compounds. (encyclopedia.com)
  • This course involved a lot of organic chemistry which I fell in love with in 1st year. (ucc.ie)
  • Second Year introduces genetics and a deeper understanding of Organic Chemistry. (ucc.ie)
  • Our course is delivered within a research- enriched teaching context, transcending the traditional divisions of physical, organic and inorganic chemistry and integrating computational methods throughout. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Our course starts with a coverage of the principles of physical, organic and inorganic chemistry, with additional maths to ensure you can successfully handle advanced physical and computational chemistry. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Bioorganic chemistry studies the chemistry of organic biomolecules. (merlot.org)
  • Bioorganic chemistry employs organic chemistry to explain how enzymes catalyze the reactions of metabolic pathways and why metabolites react the way they do. (merlot.org)
  • Bioorganic chemistry aims to expand organic-chemical research on structures, synthesis, and kinetics in a biological direction. (merlot.org)
  • All members of the department are actively engaged in research, and special opportunities for students exist in the areas of organic synthesis, marine environmental chemistry, molecular recognition, enzyme chemistry, photochemistry, low temperature spectroscopy, and high resolution mass spectrometry. (bowdoin.edu)
  • The department has gained national prominence through its innovative program in microscale organic chemistry. (bowdoin.edu)
  • My research group is interested in the common ground shared by polymer, organic, and materials chemistry and we are involved in the design, synthesis, and characterization of polymer-based organic materials. (stonybrook.edu)
  • Organic Chemistry, headed by Ernst David Bergmann, who was also the Institute's first Scientific Director. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • After a brief transitional period, Franz Sondheimer was appointed head of the Organic Chemistry Department in 1955 and held this position until 1963. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The other strand is the introduction of this approach into synthetic work, mainly in organic chemistry. (wikipedia.org)
Physics21
  • Modern chemistry is a broadly diverse science positioned at the interface of physics, biology and mathematics. (berry.edu)
  • Beyond a description of chemical processes and the composition of elements, the study of chemistry delves into biomedicine, chemical physics, and the construction of complex materials, such as plastics and other long-chain polymers. (physicalchemistry.org)
  • In the scope of its subject, chemistry occupies an intermediate position between physics and biology . (wikipedia.org)
  • It applies the principles, practices and concepts of physics such as motion , energy , force , time , thermodynamics , quantum chemistry , statistical mechanics and dynamics . (princeton.edu)
  • Physical chemistry is the use of the laws of physics to develop insight into chemical systems. (youtube.com)
  • Flotation depends on multiphase processes and the chemistry and physics of particle surfaces. (slideshare.net)
  • Prerequisites: familiarity with calculus at the level of MAT103/104 or Advanced Placement Calculus BC, solid high school physics and chemistry courses. (princeton.edu)
  • An integrated, mathematically and computationally sophisticated introduction to physics and chemistry, drawing on examples from biological systems. (princeton.edu)
  • The graduate program in chemical physics is an interdisciplinary specialization designed to meet the needs of students who wish to prepare themselves for the study of scientific problems using the methods and theories of modern physics and physical chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
  • Students are required to take PHYS 11a,b (Basic Physics I, II) to provide a strong foundation for physical chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
  • International Baccalaureate 36 including at least 6 in Higher Level Chemistry and EITHER 5 in Higher Level Mathematics OR 6 in Standard Level Mathematics and 5 in Higher Level Physics or Biology. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Physical chemistry applies the techniques and theories of physics to the study of chemical systems. (nsf.gov)
  • Chemistry is sometimes called the central science because it sort of connects physics, medicine, astronomy and more and that was on display at the American Chemical Society Conference that wrapped up yesterday. (npr.org)
  • Physical chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the interpretation of the phenomena of chemistry in terms of the underlying principles of physics. (encyclopedia.com)
  • It lies at the interface of chemistry and physics, inasmuch as it draws on the principles of physics (especially quantum mechanics) to account for the phenomena of chemistry. (encyclopedia.com)
  • First Year is general science and includes Physics, Biology, Chemistry and Mathematics. (ucc.ie)
  • I studied both Chemistry and Physics in secondary school, always changing my mind over which I preferred and never really settling with any one clear choice. (ucc.ie)
  • Among the themes that unite the research being performed in this group is the attempt to learn new chemistry and physics from biological systems. (mcgill.ca)
  • The research interests of the members of the Chemical Physics Thematic Research Group are diverse, with groups focusing on high-end laser and NMR spectroscopies, kinetics and modelling of atmospheric chemical reactions, experimental and theoretical biophysical chemistry, polymers at interfaces, and statistical and quantum mechanics. (mcgill.ca)
  • Khan Academy™ has a library of over 3,000 videos covering a range of topics (math, physics, chemistry, finance, history and more), plus over 300 practice exercises. (merlot.org)
  • Quantum chemistry lies on the border between chemistry and physics , and significant contributions have been made by scientists from both fields. (mcgill.ca)
Analytical10
  • Taking AP Chemistry courses, for example, can give you an advantage in job recruiting in fields that require analytical skills. (apchemistrytest.com)
  • A course for students who intend to take Chemistry 5-6, but who need additional preparation for quantitative and analytical aspects of general chemistry. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Academics and professionals will find high-quality, cutting-edge research across all facets of chemistry, in particular analytical chemistry, polymer science, catalysis, and electrochemistry, as well as theoretical and computational chemistry. (springer.com)
  • As well as enriching your subject knowledge, a Chemistry degree will develop your analytical and problemsolving ability, alongside time-management, communication, presentation and numerical skills. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Third Year allows you to gain expertise in Forensic Psychology, Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry. (ucc.ie)
  • Analytical chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with determining the identity and concentration of chemical substances (analytes). (encyclopedia.com)
  • Analytical chemistry can be divided into subdisciplines based on the type of samples that are analyzed: atomic, molecular, or biological. (encyclopedia.com)
  • As a pharmacist's apprentice in Frankfurt, Germany , Fresenius developed an extensive qualitative analysis scheme that, when it was later published, served as the first textbook of analytical chemistry. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Most modern analytical chemistry techniques are based on instrumental methods involving optical and electrical instruments. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Microscale chemistry (often referred to as small-scale chemistry, in German: Chemie im Mikromaßstab) is an analytical method and also a teaching method widely used at school and at university levels, working with small quantities of chemical substances. (wikipedia.org)
Computational Chemistry8
  • Journal of Computational Chemistry , 19(7):741-753, 1998. (cmu.edu)
  • Journal of Computational Chemistry , 15(11):1266-1277, 1994. (cmu.edu)
  • Journal of Computational Chemistry , 14(12):1454-1459, 1993. (cmu.edu)
  • Journal of Computational Chemistry , 13(9):1079-1088, 1992. (cmu.edu)
  • This channel includes courses on Quantum Chemistry and Spectroscopy, Chemical Thermodynamics and Kinetics, Computational Chemistry, and PChem Math, as well as review videos within each chapter and course. (youtube.com)
  • Molecular Modeling applies principles of computational chemistry to the interaction between a drug and its target, generally a protein. (roche.com)
  • For information on computational methods in chemistry and more recent and/or technical aspects of quantum chemistry, see computational chemistry . (mcgill.ca)
  • macromolecules, which has made it the most used method in computational chemistry at present. (mcgill.ca)
General chemistry18
  • An outline of topics for review of secondary school background in preparation for college general chemistry is available from the Department of Chemistry. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Chemistry 10 is a general chemistry course for students with a strong background in chemistry and mathematics who may have an interest in majoring in the sciences. (dartmouth.edu)
  • The course will cover selected general chemistry topics important for higher level chemistry courses. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Admission is by satisfactory performance on a general chemistry proficiency test given during Orienta-tion. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Prerequisite: Satisfactory performance on the general chemistry proficiency test and credit for Mathematics 3 or equivalent. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Admission is by satisfactory performance on a general chemistry proficiency test given during Orientation. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Get General Chemistry now with O'Reilly online learning. (oreilly.com)
  • Explore a preview version of General Chemistry right now. (oreilly.com)
  • General Chemistry presents the fundamental concepts of general chemistry in a precise and comprehensive manner for undergraduate students of chemistry and life science at all Indian universities. (oreilly.com)
  • Fulfills medical school entrance requirements in general chemistry and qualitative analysis. (princeton.edu)
  • Most students (but not all) take general chemistry and calculus in their first year. (brandeis.edu)
  • During the 2016-17 academic year there were 6,396 enrollments in general chemistry lecture classes. (lsu.edu)
  • In 2016-2017, we introduced a new format for General Chemistry Labs that includes a one third online component, enabling us to simultaneously enhance student learning and increase our capacity to 1,120 students per semester. (lsu.edu)
  • Chemistry by OpenStax is designed for the two-semester general chemistry course. (merlot.org)
  • I currently use OpenStax Chemistry for my General Chemistry Part I and Part II courses and overall I think OpenStax Chemistry is a good quality book for the price. (merlot.org)
  • Overall, OpenStax Chemistry is a good book for my General Chemistry courses and with every new update the book keeps getting better and better. (merlot.org)
  • The text has been developed to meet the scope and sequence of most general chemistry courses. (merlot.org)
  • Students wanting a general Chemistry degree, for instance to progress to teaching, journalism, management and similar careers, will usually opt for the BSc degree. (kcl.ac.uk)
20171
  • 95% of chemistry students agreed they were able to contact staff when they needed to (National Student Survey 2017). (bath.ac.uk)
20182
  • Conference Series invites all the participants across the globe to attend "20th International Conference on Medicinal Chemistry and Rational Drugs" during July 25-26, 2018 in Vancouver, Canada which includes prompt Keynote presentations, Oral talks, Poster presentations, and Exhibitions. (conferenceseries.com)
  • Librarian Ariel Andrea will be relocated to Room 1305 Chemistry Building in July 2018. (wisc.edu)
Molecules9
  • Chemistry addresses topics such as how atoms and molecules interact via chemical bonds to form new chemical compounds . (wikipedia.org)
  • [10] Traditional chemistry starts with the study of elementary particles , atoms , molecules , [11] substances , metals , crystals and other aggregates of matter . (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we have sought to combine the advantages of genetic assays with the flexibility of synthetic chemistry by linking enzyme catalysis to traditional genetic assays for reporter gene transcription via small molecules. (columbia.edu)
  • As opposed to many other chemistry applications, BKChem provides both a nice GUI for constructing molecules and a set of chemical analysis tools to look at the properties of the newly constructed molecule. (linuxjournal.com)
  • Research led by Dr. Kathryn Preuss, professor, Department Chair and Research Leadership Chair in the Department of Chemistry, provides important insight into non-covalent interactions between molecules. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The chemistry that I grew up with was one of seeking to create new molecules for new materials. (forbes.com)
  • Chemistry helps researchers identify and investigate the basic components of matter, like atoms and molecules. (nsf.gov)
  • Physical chemistry also has an essential role to play in the understanding of the complex processes and molecules characteristic of biological systems and modern materials. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Chemistry is the science and art of creating new molecules. (roche.com)
Search1
  • Last summer, I ran a home chemistry experiment in search of the perfect cookie. (wired.com)
Academics1
  • Alongside teaching, our academics carry out research in all branches of chemistry and you'll have the chance to work alongside them on your own project. (bath.ac.uk)
Bioinorganic Chemistry1
  • The ACS DIC wishes to bring to your attention a new award to recognize an Emerging Investigator in Bioinorganic Chemistry, including Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry. (acsdic.org)
Combinatorial chemistry2
  • Solid phase synthesis and combinatorial chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
  • All new things come from combinations of old, the essence of combinatorial chemistry and the creation of new materials with new capabilities that form the substances of civilizations. (forbes.com)
Faculty8
  • Determined by published papers, literature citations, and awards received, this ranking reflects the dedicated work of our faculty and students and the passion they bring to the Department of Chemistry every day. (ualberta.ca)
  • Virginia joined the faculty of the Chemistry Department at Columbia in 1999, where she carries out research at the interface of chemistry and biology, and was promoted to Associate Professor with tenure in 2004 and then Professor in 2007. (columbia.edu)
  • Every October, interested students meet with chemistry faculty and concentrators at a "meet the majors" gathering called to discuss concentration in chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
  • Here, you'll have the opportunity to work directly with top-notch faculty, and because we have no chemistry graduate students, they are much more accessible than those at major research universities - undergraduate education is our prime focus. (uwec.edu)
  • In our department, you'll find a dedicated community of faculty, staff, and students who are passionate about supporting each other and advancing the chemistry field through research and learning. (uoguelph.ca)
  • This idea is well demonstrated by the Faculty of Chemistry at the Weizmann, which involves a very broad range of scientific disciplines, from quantum optics through magnetic resonance to catalysis, from biophysics to structural biology and even earth science. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The Faculty of Chemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, is soliciting applications for tenure-track or tenured faculty positions in all fields of Chemistry. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Daniel Strongin , professor in the Department of Chemistry, is the faculty advisor for the Chemistry MS. (temple.edu)
Polymers1
  • Though some classes vary between the coursework and thesis tracks, all help you form a deeper understanding of specific areas of study, including environmental chemistry, materials and polymers, medicinal chemistry, nanoscience, photonics and surface science. (temple.edu)
Biology7
  • Students with major credit for Biology 40 are not eligible to receive credit for Chemistry 41. (dartmouth.edu)
  • A one term advanced course with in-depth treatment of a number of important concepts in modern biological chemistry, including structural biology (both theoretical and experimental methods), protein folding, ligand binding, allostery, enzyme kinetics, and an introduction to molecular modeling and chemoinformatics. (dartmouth.edu)
  • At the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, 2009 chemistry laureate Thomas Steitz recalled the Laboratory of Molecular Biology at Cambridge in the 1960s, and how informal conversations helped nurture great science. (scientificamerican.com)
  • She earned her Ph.D. in Chemistry with Professor Peter Schultz at the University of California at Berkeley and then was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Biology Department at M.I.T. under the guidance of Professor Robert Sauer. (columbia.edu)
  • Research at the chemistry-biology interface, including directed evolution, unnatural amino acid mutagenesis, chemical genetics, proteomics, and fluorescent reporters of enzyme function. (bu.edu)
  • The Chemical Biology Thematic Research Group is engaged in a diverse range of research topics, which span structural biology, enzymology, nucleic acid research, signalling pathways, single-molecule biophysics, and biophysical chemistry of living tissues. (mcgill.ca)
  • Chemical Biology comprises a range of activities where chemistry is deployed to create insight into biological processes at the molecular level. (roche.com)
Compounds3
  • The descriptive chemistries of the metallic elements are surveyed to develop a broad knowledge of these elements and how to prepare their compounds and understand the resultant reactivities. (bu.edu)
  • I entered into the degree outlet called Chemistry of Pharmaceutical Compounds (known as CPC). (ucc.ie)
  • In formulation chemistry, compounds are mixed to get a product with the desired characteristics. (usda.gov)
Stoichiometry3
  • Chemistry: Stoichiometry: Fun to Say, Fun to Do! (infoplease.com)
  • You just viewed chemistry stoichiometry . (merlot.org)
  • If you know the author of chemistry stoichiometry , please help us out by filling out the form below and clicking Send. (merlot.org)
Royal Society o4
  • Plus your subscription will help fund the charitable work of the Royal Society of Chemistry, supporting chemists worldwide. (chemistryworld.com)
  • For the Royal Society of Chemistry journal, see Chemical Science (journal) . (wikipedia.org)
  • If you complete the third-year extended lab module, you will graduate with a degree accredited by the Royal Society of Chemistry. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Firstly UCC is the only institution in Ireland that has a course like Chemistry with Forensic Science as a degree, and it was recently approved and accredited by the Institution of Chemistry of Ireland and the RSC (Royal Society Of Chemistry). (ucc.ie)
Undergraduate6
  • The division aims to provide students that may be considering applying to graduate programs in the area of inorganic chemistry the opportunity to explore the wide breadth of the Inorganic Chemistry field, identify possible schools/PIs of interest, and utilize the ACS meeting resources for undergraduate students. (acsdic.org)
  • We encourage all interested undergraduate, chemistry majors (or chemistry-related majors) to apply to the program. (acsdic.org)
  • Preference will be given to students who have completed Inorganic Chemistry, are currently rising seniors considering applying to graduate programs, and are involved in undergraduate research in an inorganic field. (acsdic.org)
  • Physical chemistry it typically studied for 2 or 3 semesters by undergraduate chemistry students. (youtube.com)
  • Undergraduate and PhD profiles spotlighting Chemistry Graduates! (lsu.edu)
  • This is a nationally recognized chemistry program known for innovative teaching, undergraduate research, which prepares students for successful careers as well as graduate studies. (uwec.edu)
Biological2
  • Laboratories cover chemical methods applied to biological chemistry problems. (dartmouth.edu)
  • This one-semester course will cover several advanced chemistry topics and will discuss the chemistry behind biological processes. (merlot.org)
Principles1
  • To achieve these goals, our course integrates the teaching of chemistry foundations with application of chemistry principles and techniques in a conceptually novel fashion by systematically using examples taken from the very broad range of chemical and biomedical research and practice at King's. (kcl.ac.uk)
Department16
  • Check with the chemistry department for major requirements. (physicalchemistry.org)
  • Check with the chemistry department for course registration, and requirements for AP Chemistry test credit. (apchemistrytest.com)
  • View articles, tutorials, and online quizzes from the chemistry department at Frostburg State University in Maryland. (angelfire.com)
  • The Department of Chemistry offers the Master of Science and the Doctor of Philosophy degrees. (uky.edu)
  • Plan B (Non-Thesis): Students in the Department of Chemistry may satisfy the requirements for an M.S. degree by using Plan B, a coursework M.S. degree. (uky.edu)
  • Doctoral degrees are earned in the Department of Chemistry after a student has carried out productive and independent research on a problem that is of significant chemical interest. (uky.edu)
  • Lisa Klein, from the materials science and engineering department at Rutgers University, commented on the March for Science at an April 21 talk to the chemistry department at Lehman College in the Bronx. (scientificamerican.com)
  • We have three very active student organizations based in our Department: the Student Affiliates of the American Chemical Society (SAACS) , the Chemistry Graduate Student Council (CGSC) and the National Organization for Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE) . (lsu.edu)
  • Our Department of Chemistry is ranked in the UK's top ten by all national league tables and its research activities are highly rated. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Our BSc Chemistry degree provides training across all areas of the subject in an innovative department with world-class facilities. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Welcome to the Department of Chemistry at the University of Guelph! (uoguelph.ca)
  • Professor Kathryn Preuss named Chair, Department of Chemistry, at the University of Guelph. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The Department of Chemistry at the University of Guelph provides an inspiring learning and research environment. (uoguelph.ca)
  • Both tracks require prior approval from the Department of Chemistry. (temple.edu)
  • The Chemistry department believes that high quality research opportunities are an essential component of science education. (bowdoin.edu)
  • She will continue to support research, teaching, and learning within the Chemistry Department and the University. (wisc.edu)
Science18
  • There is a large degree of overlap between chemistry and related science subjects. (physicalchemistry.org)
  • Careers in the field of chemistry range from applied science in industrial settings, to academic research and laboratory development. (physicalchemistry.org)
  • Students are placed into Chemistry 2 based on their pre-matriculation mathematics and science record. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Final-year BSc students can choose optional advanced Chemistry modules, or modules from other science or language departments and Warwick Business School . (warwick.ac.uk)
  • For many students, this course provides the foundation to a career in chemistry, while for others, this may be their only college-level science course. (merlot.org)
  • Chemistry was termed "The Central Science" by Theodore Brown. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The science of chemistry and its applications produce medicines, fuels, metals and virtually all other manufactured products. (un.org)
  • The year 2011, now being celebrated as the International Year of Chemistry, also provides the opportunity to celebrate the contributions of women to science on the one-hundredth anniversary of the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Maria Sklodowska-Curie. (un.org)
  • The fields of chemistry and material science advanced beyond anyone's wildest dreams, but came with a price-waste and hazardous materials that weren't foreseen or understood. (forbes.com)
  • A BSc in Chemistry with Forensic Science was established in 2005. (ucc.ie)
  • Chemistry with Forensic Science in UCC really provides you with a unique learning experience. (ucc.ie)
  • For information on the Chemistry with Forensic Science course click here . (ucc.ie)
  • Prepare for a career in research or advanced graduate studies with the Master of Science in Chemistry in the College of Science and Technology at Temple. (temple.edu)
  • Work toward the Chemistry PhD , or prepare to lead research in biotechnology, environmental science, forensic science, healthcare and more. (temple.edu)
  • The chemistry program provides a rigorous pre-professional education for students who intend to pursue a career in science. (bowdoin.edu)
  • Polymer Chemistry (Polymer/Colloid Science and Engineering) research at Stony Brook is centered around the investigations of polymer structures, morphologies and dynamics from atomic, nanoscopic, microscopic to mesoscopic scales. (stonybrook.edu)
  • The new shortcut to chemistry databases (SciFinder, Web of Science) and research guides (Properties and Spectra Guides) is the Chemistry Subject page. (wisc.edu)
  • Medicinal Chemistry is a highly interdisciplinary key science within pharmaceutical research, uniquely positioned at the interface to many other scientific areas. (roche.com)
Prerequisites2
  • Prerequisites: Chemistry 76 and Chemistry 41, or permission of the instructor. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Chemistry 5 and Mathematics 2 or 3 are prerequisites for Chemistry 6. (dartmouth.edu)
Spectroscopy1
  • In the field of biophysical chemistry, single molecule spectroscopy is being used to probe enzyme function as well as DNA recombination and repair. (mcgill.ca)
Thermodynamics1
  • Modern physical chemistry originated in the 1860s to 1880s with work on chemical thermodynamics , electrolytes in solutions, chemical kinetics and other subjects. (princeton.edu)
Chemists2
  • Medicinal chemists apply their chemistry training to the process of synthesizing new pharmaceuticals. (conferenceseries.com)
  • In the first two years, you'll get a broad introduction to all areas of chemistry while developing the practical and theoretical skills modern chemists need. (bath.ac.uk)
Biosynthetic1
  • This Review describes recently characterized examples of remarkable chemistries catalysed by biosynthetic enzymes and explores the extent of enzymatic novelty that awaits discovery. (nature.com)
Nobel Prize in1
  • All three were awarded with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry between 1901-1909. (princeton.edu)
Research22
  • This International Conference on Medicinal Chemistry and Rational Drugs focus on the importance to understand drugs therapeutic, Cell Line Development and alternatives in the Research and Teachings, thus how can we maximize the use of cell line models and also various other monitoring aspects in research and development. (conferenceseries.com)
  • An opening survey symposium introducing the students to the sessions held in the Inorganic Division, highlighting "must-see" talks and introducing the students to a broad range of inorganic chemistry research. (acsdic.org)
  • Cutting-edge research boosts Chemistry program to second in Canada, according to the latest Shanghai rankings . (ualberta.ca)
  • the Nature Research Chemistry Community to discover more content and to read about stories behind some of the chemistry articles published across the Nature Research portfolio. (nature.com)
  • The journal's goal is to publish the most significant new research in chemistry and chemical engineering carried out in Russia today or in collaboration with Russian authors. (springer.com)
  • There will also be opportunities for you to put your chemistry knowledge into practice in research laboratories and other professional environments outside the University, such as public engagement events and work in schools. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Virginia has been recognized for her research by awards including an NSF Career Award (2000), a Sloan Foundation Fellowship (2003), the Protein Society Irving Sigal Young Investigator Award (2009), and the American Chemical Society Pfizer Award in Enzyme Chemistry (2009). (columbia.edu)
  • Chemistry concentrators are encouraged to participate in independent research, which is an important part of a scientific education. (brandeis.edu)
  • The graduate program in chemistry, leading to the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, includes course work, seminar participation, and research, and is designed to lead to a broad understanding of the subject. (brandeis.edu)
  • In addition to research opportunities, we also offer a major that pairs chemistry with an array of courses from our business school, for those students interested in heading straight off into industry upon graduation. (uwec.edu)
  • As a result mesoscopic chemistry has become one of the most exciting areas of scientific research. (google.com)
  • The book demonstrates clearly that in the 21st Century mesoscopic chemistry will not only be central to the chemical sciences but will be at the hub of a wide area of interdisciplinary research. (google.com)
  • Our collective research has direct implications in fields such as materials, environmental, and biomedical chemistry. (mcgill.ca)
  • The chemistry of materials is a rapidly evolving domain of research. (mcgill.ca)
  • The course is accredited by the Royal Society for Chemistry with research-enriched teaching delivered by internationally renowned scientists and researchers. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Chemistry Research Unit scientists are studying this honey bee pest, as well as the small hive beetle, among others, in an effort to protect and strengthen our pollinators. (usda.gov)
  • Chemistry Research scientists are screening maize seeds for resistance or susceptibility to fungi. (usda.gov)
  • Chemistry Research scientists, in collaboration with UC Davis researchers, have discovered that microbes within nectar can produce odors that influence the behavior of pollinators (e.g., honey bees). (usda.gov)
  • Chemistry Research scientists are characterizing these responses to enhance endogenous maize resistance against harmful fungi and reduce the need for external pesticide applications in the field. (usda.gov)
  • Chemistry Research Unit scientists are studying these interactions to help protect US agriculture. (usda.gov)
  • The Chemistry Research is located in Gainesville, FL and is part of the Southeast Area . (usda.gov)
  • As a chemistry student you have the opportunity to learn more about our research through an internship or a final year thesis. (basf.com)
Experiments5
  • And, fortunately, I have a recipe for excellent chocolate chip cookies, derived - I assure you - from the best of chemistry experiments. (wired.com)
  • Some chemistry experiments are better in the spring, especially if you're using peeps, but experiments with candy and soda pop can happen anytime. (scienceblogs.com)
  • You will also develop skills in experimental chemistry and in designing experiments to test hypotheses. (bath.ac.uk)
  • In the first two years, you'll study a broad introduction to all areas of chemistry, where you'll gain the practical and theoretical skills needed to design experiments and test hypotheses. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Typically you will conduct 24 full-day experiments each year covering all chemistry disciplines and using the latest instrumentation. (warwick.ac.uk)
Laboratory6
  • Such behaviors are studied in a chemistry laboratory . (wikipedia.org)
  • The chemistry laboratory stereotypically uses various forms of laboratory glassware . (wikipedia.org)
  • The Food Chemistry Laboratory supports the investigation of consumer complaints, FDA programs with meat analysis, USDA programs with analysis of dairy products for pesticides, PCBs and vitamins. (in.gov)
  • Her laboratory brings together modern methods in synthetic chemistry and DNA technology to expand the synthetic capabilities of living cells. (columbia.edu)
  • Chemistry concentrators are given the opportunity to develop extensive, practical experience, through laboratory courses using macro- and microscale techniques. (brandeis.edu)
  • Our course also incorporates an integrated laboratory course that brings together the different strands of chemistry and applies them to a range of chemical systems. (kcl.ac.uk)
Green Chemistry6
  • Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous substances. (epa.gov)
  • Last month we had the pleasure of sitting down with Dr. Paul Anastas, a senior advisor to the EPA and the man who coined the term "green chemistry. (forbes.com)
  • Put simply: if we have better living through chemistry, we can have even better living still through "green chemistry. (forbes.com)
  • As the father of green chemistry, how would you characterize the chemical age in which you grew up? (forbes.com)
  • It's been two decades since you brought awareness to green chemistry. (forbes.com)
  • Green chemistry belies that myth every day. (forbes.com)
Materials Chemistry1
  • Materials chemistry seeks to understand how composition, reactivity, and structure are related to function from a molecular perspective. (mcgill.ca)
Microscale4
  • While much of traditional chemistry teaching centers on multi-gramme preparations, milligrammes of substances are sufficient for microscale chemistry. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, in India, small scale chemistry/ microscale chemistry is now implemented in a few universities and colleges. (wikipedia.org)
  • Victoria College, Palakkad,Kerala United Kingdom Bob Worley, CLEAPSS, Chis LLoyd SSERC 1st International Symposium on Microscale Chemistry May 2000 at Universidad Iberoamericana - Ciudad de Mexico 2nd International Symposium on Microscale Chemistry 13. (wikipedia.org)
  • 15. December 2001 at Hong Kong Baptist University - Hong Kong [2] 3rd International Symposium on Microscale Chemistry 18. (wikipedia.org)
Students13
  • Students who are eligible to receive advanced placement credit for Chemistry 5-6 may not enroll in Chemistry 5-6 or Chemistry 10 for credit without permission of the Depart-ment. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Advanced placement credit for Chemistry 5-6 will be withdrawn for students who subsequently enroll in Chemistry 5-6 or Chemistry 10. (dartmouth.edu)
  • First year students taking Mathematics 1 will be placed in Chemistry 2). (dartmouth.edu)
  • Chemistry 10 is open only to first-year students and enrollment is limited. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Students who successfully complete Chemistry 10 will also be granted credit for Chemistry 5, if they have not already been granted such credit. (dartmouth.edu)
  • industrial chemistry students studied in various years at Deaprtment Of Chemistry,ALigarh Muslim University,ALigarh. (yahoo.com)
  • The term "physical chemistry" was first introduced by Mikhail Lomonosov in 1752, when he presented a lecture course entitled "A Course in True Physical Chemistry" (Russian: «Курс истинной физической химии») before the students of Petersburg University . (princeton.edu)
  • A master's degree is not offered, but students who satisfy the appropriate requirements will be eligible for the M.S. degree in chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
  • As such, this textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. (merlot.org)
  • On a teaching point of view, educators can explore new ways to get their students engaged in chemistry class. (teachertube.com)
  • By using technology to make chemistry more interesting to students. (teachertube.com)
  • My passion for chemistry drove me to voluntarily give my time to teach 1st year students chemistry through Peer Assisted Learning (PAL). (ucc.ie)
  • Chemistry MS students have three years to earn a degree. (temple.edu)
Graduate2
  • A wealth of career opportunities are open to you as a chemistry graduate. (bath.ac.uk)
  • The general requirements for admission to the Graduate School, given in an earlier section of this Bulletin , apply to candidates for admission to the graduate program in chemistry. (brandeis.edu)
Reactions4
  • I am looking for a free chemistry simulator that allows me to see generally what would happen under certain chemical reactions. (physicsforums.com)
  • The interactions , reactions and transformations that are studied in chemistry are usually the result of interactions between atoms, leading to rearrangements of the chemical bonds which hold atoms together. (wikipedia.org)
  • The genetics allows us to use DNA encoding, and the small molecule chemistry allows us to readily extend this assay to new chemical reactions. (columbia.edu)
  • Although this study might seem remote from chemistry, in fact it is vital to the study of how chemical reactions yield work and heat. (encyclopedia.com)
Mathematics4
  • Prerequisite for Chemistry 5: Mathematics 3, or Mathematics 1 and 2, or Mathematics 1 and Chemistry 2. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Prerequisite for Chemistry 6: Mathematics 3 (or Mathematics 1 and 2) and Chemistry 5. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Prerequisite: Mathematics 3 (or Mathematics 1 and 2) and Chemistry 2 (if placed into this course). (dartmouth.edu)
  • A level AAB including Chemistry and Mathematics. (warwick.ac.uk)
Professor1
  • This year, Professor of Chemistry Benjamin Hafensteiner provided his account of the Story of the Boar. (rochester.edu)
Linus Pauling1
  • Another important step was the development of quantum mechanics into quantum chemistry from the 1930s, where Linus Pauling was one of the leading names. (princeton.edu)
Explore1
  • Explore the links listed below Chemistry to find out more about our program. (uwec.edu)
Fundamental1
  • Because it is so fundamental to our world, chemistry plays a role in everyone's lives and touches almost every aspect of our existence in some way. (ucc.ie)
Branches of chemistry1
  • Physical chemistry is essential to understanding the other branches of chemistry. (encyclopedia.com)
Synthetic1
  • The long-term goal is to extend the power of synthetic chemistry to living systems. (columbia.edu)
20th1
  • [ 4 ] , these were the leading figures in physical chemistry in the late 19th century and early 20th century. (princeton.edu)
Experimental2
  • However glassware is not central to chemistry, and a great deal of experimental (as well as applied/industrial) chemistry is done without it. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our four-year Chemistry MSci degree will give you a theoretical and experimental understanding of chemistry in the modern world. (kcl.ac.uk)
Specialization1
  • Final examinations depend on a student's chosen area of specialization and focus on the core chemistry concepts of each specialization. (temple.edu)
Main1
  • Roman Jambor and Libor Dostál: The Chemistry of Pincer Complexes of 13 - 15 Main Group Elements. (springer.com)
Modern chemistry1
  • Cherish the 150-year history of modern chemistry with Springer! (springer.com)
Industrial Chemistry1
  • Amu Industrial Chemistry is a Restricted Group with 21 members. (yahoo.com)
Courses6
  • Learn about more AP courses and exams, including the chemistry AP exam. (angelfire.com)
  • This program of courses must meet distribution requirements within four of the five areas of chemistry and include 6 or more credits of courses outside of Chemistry that are relevant to the student's career goals. (uky.edu)
  • All of our chemistry degrees have the same core units in the first year which gives you the flexibility to switch courses. (bath.ac.uk)
  • This course has the broadest range of subjects of all our chemistry courses. (bath.ac.uk)
  • The challenging and high-quality chemistry courses prepared me to face whatever problems I might find in the chemical industry. (uwec.edu)
  • OpenStax Chemistry does a good job in covering the material for both my courses. (merlot.org)
Medicinal4
  • Formerly Current Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry aims to cover all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design for the discovery of new anti-cancer agents . (pharmaceuticalconferences.com)
  • Each issue contains a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of current topics in cancer medicinal chemistry . (pharmaceuticalconferences.com)
  • Join us in Vancouver, Canada for the International Conference on Medicinal Chemistry and Rational Drugs. (conferenceseries.com)
  • Medicinal chemistry and Rational Drugs is a stimulating field as it links many scientific disciplines and allows for collaboration with other scientists in researching and developing new drugs. (conferenceseries.com)
Dogs Teaching Chemistry - Chemical Bonds - YouTube
Dogs Teaching Chemistry - Chemical Bonds - YouTube (youtube.com)
Dropbox - 2007_Chemistry_Lab.pdf
Dropbox - 2007_Chemistry_Lab.pdf (dropbox.com)
Chemistry Communications Careers | Monster.com
Chemistry Communications Careers | Monster.com (monster.com)
Digestion: Anatomy, physiology, and chemistry
Digestion: Anatomy, physiology, and chemistry (medicalnewstoday.com)
Green Chemistry: Three Organizations... One Goal! - YouTube
Green Chemistry: Three Organizations... One Goal! - YouTube (youtube.com)
Dropbox - j2 chemistry - Simplify your life
Dropbox - j2 chemistry - Simplify your life (dropbox.com)
Chemistry - 9GAG
Chemistry - 9GAG (9gag.com)
Chemistry Fluxx | Board Game | BoardGameGeek
Chemistry Fluxx | Board Game | BoardGameGeek (boardgamegeek.com)
Ginger Zee shows us the wonders of 'Cabbage Chemistry'
Ginger Zee shows us the wonders of 'Cabbage Chemistry' (yahoo.com)
Home - Bio Chemistry
Home - Bio Chemistry (biochemistry.org)
Department of Chemistry
Department of Chemistry (ucy.ac.cy)
Michigan football's team chemistry: New coaching staff jells
Michigan football's team chemistry: New coaching staff jells (freep.com)
Chemistry of 'Wine Legs' Inspires Surface-Skimming Minibots
Chemistry of 'Wine Legs' Inspires Surface-Skimming Minibots (livescience.com)
DNA Romance brings chemistry to online dating | Indiegogo
DNA Romance brings chemistry to online dating | Indiegogo (indiegogo.com)
Salt | Chemistry, History, Occurrence, Manufacture, & Facts | Britannica.com
Salt | Chemistry, History, Occurrence, Manufacture, & Facts | Britannica.com (britannica.com)
How Ben Feringa won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry - YouTube
How Ben Feringa won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry - YouTube (youtube.com)
Young Scientist Chemistry Lab
Young Scientist Chemistry Lab (lakeshorelearning.com)
Larry Fedora on rebuilding team chemistry | Raleigh News & Observer
Larry Fedora on rebuilding team chemistry | Raleigh News & Observer (newsobserver.com)
Lisa Margonelli: The political chemistry of oil | TED Talk
Lisa Margonelli: The political chemistry of oil | TED Talk (ted.com)
Cunningham, VanderVelde provide experience, chemistry for Washington
Cunningham, VanderVelde provide experience, chemistry for Washington (argusleader.com)
Sandoval on Red Sox's chemistry | MLB.com
Sandoval on Red Sox's chemistry | MLB.com (mlb.com)
Welcome to Reactions in Chemistry
Welcome to Reactions in Chemistry (learner.org)
Chemistry calculations | Free Podcasts | Podomatic
Chemistry calculations | Free Podcasts | Podomatic" (podomatic.com)
Jakob Magolan: A crash course in organic chemistry | TED Talk
Jakob Magolan: A crash course in organic chemistry | TED Talk (ted.com)
Marist men's basketball talk goals, chemistry, upcoming season
Marist men's basketball talk goals, chemistry, upcoming season (poughkeepsiejournal.com)
Trump hits critics, demands credit for chemistry with Kim Jong Un - CNNPolitics
Trump hits critics, demands credit for chemistry with Kim Jong Un - CNNPolitics (cnn.com)
Chemistry
Chemistry (dcmp.org)
Chemistry Degree Program - SOU Academic Programs
Chemistry Degree Program - SOU Academic Programs (sou.edu)
Brain chemistry Archives - The Stanford Daily
Brain chemistry Archives - The Stanford Daily (stanforddaily.com)
Detergent Chemistry: Builders & Additives
Detergent Chemistry: Builders & Additives (chemistry.co.nz)
Sugarland's Kristian Bush on duo's happy vibe, undeniable chemistry
Sugarland's Kristian Bush on duo's happy vibe, undeniable chemistry (greenbaypressgazette.com)
The Right Chemistry: The discovery of testosterone | Montreal Gazette
The Right Chemistry: The discovery of testosterone | Montreal Gazette (montrealgazette.com)
The Right Chemistry: The downside of plastics | Montreal Gazette
The Right Chemistry: The downside of plastics | Montreal Gazette (montrealgazette.com)