Chemical precipitation. Medical search

The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.

Water particles that fall from the ATMOSPHERE.

A method which uses specific precipitation reactions to separate or collect substances from a solution.

The longterm manifestations of WEATHER. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Frozen water crystals that fall from the ATMOSPHERE.

Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.

Tungsten hydroxide oxide phosphate. A white or slightly yellowish-green, slightly efflorescent crystal or crystalline powder. It is used as a reagent for alkaloids and many other nitrogen bases, for phenols, albumin, peptone, amino acids, uric acid, urea, blood, and carbohydrates. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.

The state of the ATMOSPHERE over minutes to months.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Any significant change in measures of climate (such as temperature, precipitation, or wind) lasting for an extended period (decades or longer). It may result from natural factors such as changes in the sun's intensity, natural processes within the climate system such as changes in ocean circulation, or human activities.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.

A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.

Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.

A broad class of substances containing carbon and its derivatives. Many of these chemicals will frequently contain hydrogen with or without oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements. They exist in either carbon chain or carbon ring form.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

An acquired disorder characterized by recurrent symptoms, referable to multiple organ systems, occurring in response to demonstrable exposure to many chemically unrelated compounds at doses below those established in the general population to cause harmful effects. (Cullen MR. The worker with multiple chemical sensitivities: an overview. Occup Med 1987;2(4):655-61)

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.

The aggregate enterprise of manufacturing and technically producing chemicals. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water on and below the earth's surface, and atmosphere.

The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.

A type of climate characterized by insufficient moisture to support appreciable plant life. It is a climate of extreme aridity, usually of extreme heat, and of negligible rainfall. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Tactical warfare using incendiary mixtures, smokes, or irritant, burning, or asphyxiating gases.

Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.

Separation of a mixture in successive stages, each stage removing from the mixture some proportion of one of the substances, for example by differential solubility in water-solvent mixtures. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

Elements, compounds, mixtures, or solutions that are considered severely harmful to human health and the environment. They include substances that are toxic, corrosive, flammable, or explosive.

A broad class of substances encompassing all those that do not include carbon and its derivatives as their principal elements. However, carbides, carbonates, cyanides, cyanates, and carbon disulfide are included in this class.

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

A climate which is typical of equatorial and tropical regions, i.e., one with continually high temperatures with considerable precipitation, at least during part of the year. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.

A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.

A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.

The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)

Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.

Basic homopolyamino acids, histones and protamines are potent antagonists of angiogenin binding to ribonuclease inhibitor. (1/2034)

A radio-ribonuclease inhibitor assay based on the interaction of 125I-angiogenin with ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) was used to detect pancreatic-type ribonucleases and potential modulators of their action. We show that highly basic proteins including the homopolypeptides poly-arginine, poly-lysine and poly-ornithine, core histones, spermatid-specific S1 protein and the protamines HP3 and Z3 were strong inhibitors of angiogenin binding to RI. A minimum size of poly-arginine and poly-lysine was required for efficient inhibition. The inhibition likely resulted from direct association of the basic proteins with the acidic inhibitor, as RI bound to poly-lysine and protamines while 125I-angiogenin did not. Antagonists of the angiogenin-RI interaction are potential regulators of either angiogenin-triggered angiogenesis and/or intracellular RI function, depending on their preferential target. (+info)

Clinical and immunochemical study of the serum IgG fraction not precipitated in a zinc-sodium salicylate reagent. (2/2034)

A reagent made of zinc sulphate (0-08 M) in a 0-4 M sodium salicylate solution at pH 7-3 precipitated most of the IgG when a small volume of human serum was added. Sera with normal IgG levels or polyclonal hyperglobulinaemia showed a close correlation between total IgG and zinc-precipitated IgG (r = + 0-95). In clinical material, not including IgG myeloma, zinc-soluble IgG varied between 0 and 6 mg/ml and was independent of the IgG serum concentration. In 31 normal subjects the average IgG concentration, as determined by the Technicon immunonephelometric method, was 10-2 +/- 1-7 mg/ml for total IgG and 2-2 +/- 1-0 mg/ml for the soluble fraction. Among 173 sera, including 24 from cord blood, 16 from pregnant women, and 133 from patients with miscellaneous diseases, no pathological conditions except three cases of IgG myeloma were found with a zinc-soluble IgG definitely above the normal values; zinc-soluble IgG levels were often low in patients with hyperglobulinaemia, and the difference was highly significant in liver disease. kappa and gamma light chains as well as the four IgG-Hp chain subclasses were found in both zinc-soluble fractions of normal IgG. A study of myeloma monoclonal IgG showed that globulins of classes 1, 3, and 4 could be either soluble or insoluble in the zinc reagent. One, G2, was mainly insoluble. Hexose and antistreptolysin contents per milligram normal IgG were not significantly different in either fraction. It is suggested that zinc-soluble IgG consists of the recently synthesized molecules, the zinc-solubility of which has not yet been decreased by protein association, lipid interaction, antigen binding, or enzymatic denaturation. Within this hypothesis, a low level of soluble IgG would mean either an increased precatabolic protein or a decreased synthesis. (+info)

Prion domain initiation of amyloid formation in vitro from native Ure2p. (3/2034)

The [URE3] non-Mendelian genetic element of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an infectious protein (prion) form of Ure2p, a regulator of nitrogen catabolism. Here, synthetic Ure2p1-65 were shown to polymerize to form filaments 40 to 45 angstroms in diameter with more than 60 percent beta sheet. Ure2p1-65 specifically induced full-length native Ure2p to copolymerize under conditions where native Ure2p alone did not polymerize. Like Ure2p in extracts of [URE3] strains, these 180- to 220-angstrom-diameter filaments were protease resistant. The Ure2p1-65-Ure2p cofilaments could seed polymerization of native Ure2p to form thicker, less regular filaments. All filaments stained with Congo Red to produce the green birefringence typical of amyloid. This self-propagating amyloid formation can explain the properties of [URE3]. (+info)

Survey of total error of precipitation and homogeneous HDL-cholesterol methods and simultaneous evaluation of lyophilized saccharose-containing candidate reference materials for HDL-cholesterol. (4/2034)

BACKGROUND: Standardization of HDL-cholesterol is needed for risk assessment. We assessed for the first time the accuracy of HDL-cholesterol testing in The Netherlands and evaluated 11 candidate reference materials (CRMs). METHODS: The total error (TE) of HDL-cholesterol measurements was assessed in native human sera by 25 Dutch clinical chemistry laboratories. Concomitantly, the suitability of lyophilized, saccharose-containing CRMs (n = 11) for HDL-cholesterol was evaluated. RESULTS: In the precipitation method group, which included 25 laboratories and four methods, the mean (minimum-maximum) TE was 11.5% (2.7-25.2%), signifying that 18 of 25 laboratories satisfied the TE goal of +info)

Clusterin has chaperone-like activity similar to that of small heat shock proteins. (5/2034)

Clusterin is a highly conserved protein which is expressed at increased levels by many cell types in response to a broad variety of stress conditions. A genuine physiological function for clusterin has not yet been established. The results presented here demonstrate for the first time that clusterin has chaperone-like activity. At physiological concentrations, clusterin potently protected glutathione S-transferase and catalase from heat-induced precipitation and alpha-lactalbumin and bovine serum albumin from precipitation induced by reduction with dithiothreitol. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay data showed that clusterin bound preferentially to heat-stressed glutathione S-transferase and to dithiothreitol-treated bovine serum albumin and alpha-lactalbumin. Size exclusion chromatography and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses showed that clusterin formed high molecular weight complexes (HMW) with all four proteins tested. Small heat shock proteins (sHSP) also act in this way to prevent protein precipitation and protect cells from heat and other stresses. The stoichiometric subunit molar ratios of clusterin:stressed protein during formation of HMW complexes (which for the four proteins tested ranged from 1.0:1.3 to 1.0:11) is less than the reported ratios for sHSP-mediated formation of HMW complexes (1.0:1.0 or greater), indicating that clusterin is a very efficient chaperone. Our results suggest that clusterin may play a sHSP-like role in cytoprotection. (+info)

A novel strategy for the preparation of liposomes: rapid solvent exchange. (6/2034)

During the preparation of multi-component model membranes, a primary consideration is that compositional homogeneity should prevail throughout the suspension. Some conventional sample preparation methods pass the lipid mixture through an intermediary, solvent-free state. This is an ordered, solid state and may favor the demixing of membrane components. A new preparative method has been developed which is specifically designed to avoid this intermediary state. This novel strategy is called rapid solvent exchange (RSE) and entails the direct transfer of lipid mixtures between organic solvent and aqueous buffer. RSE liposomes require no more than a minute to prepare and manifest considerable entrapment volumes with a high fraction of external surface area. In phospholipid/cholesterol mixtures of high cholesterol content, suspensions prepared by more conventional methods reveal evidence of artifactual demixing, whereas samples prepared by rapid solvent exchange do not. The principles which may lead to artifactual demixing during conventional sample preparation are discussed. (+info)

von Willebrand factor contained in a high purity FVIII concentrate (Fanhdi) binds to platelet glycoproteins and supports platelet adhesion to subendothelium under flow conditions. (7/2034)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is evidence suggesting that von Willebrand factor (VWF) from high purity factor VIII concentrates could be of clinical use in the management of patients suffering from VWD. We analyzed structural and functional characteristics of VWF present in a high purity factor VIII concentrate VWFHPC (Fanhdi). The multimeric structure, the ability to bind to platelet GP Ib/IX or GP IIb/IIIa, and the capacity of VWFHPC to promote platelet adhesion on injured vessels were investigated and compared with that present in standard plasma cryoprecipitates [VWFCRYO]. DESIGN AND METHODS: Binding studies were carried out by incubating radiolabeled VWF and washed platelets, which were activated with either ristocetin (1 mg/mL; for GP Ib/IX), or thrombin (2.5 U/mL; for GP IIb/IIIa). Platelet adhesion was assessed in a perfusion system (shear rate = 800 s-1, 10 min) in which the source of VWF was added (at 0.4 or 0.8 U/mL VWF:Ag) to washed platelets and red cells suspended in a human albumin solution. The deposition of platelets onto the perfused subendothelial surface was morphometrically evaluated and expressed as percentage of surface coverage (%SC). RESULTS: The VWFHPC (152 Units VWF:RCof/mg protein; VWF:RCof/VWF:Ag = 0.97), lacked only a small proportion of high-molecular-weight multimers present in VWFCRYO. Binding affinities (Kd values, nM) of VWFHPC were similar to those of VWFCRYO (5.3 +/- 0.86 vs 5.2 +/- 0.95, for GP Ib/IX; and 11.6 +/- 2.7 vs 15.4 +/- 1.7 for GPIIb-IIIa). A slightly, though not significantly, higher binding capacity for these receptors (Bmax values, molecules/pit) was obtained for VWFHPC. The %SC in perfusions in the presence of albumin was < 10%. Addition of VWFHPC or VWFCRYO significantly increased the %SC, with values of 27.1 +/- 4.9 and 17.5 +/- 2.8%, respectively with 0.4 U/mL (p < 0.004 and p < 0.02 vs albumin); and 30.8 +/- 4.9% and 20.03 +/- 4.1%, respectively, at 0.8 U/mL (p < 0.001 and p < 0.02 vs albumin). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that VWF present in the high purity FVIII concentrate Fanhdi retains the functional capacity to bind to GPs Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa and to promote platelet adhesion onto exposed subendothelium. (+info)

A novel class of lipophilic quinazoline-based folic acid analogues: cytotoxic agents with a folate-independent locus. (8/2034)

Three lipophilic quinazoline-based aminomethyl pyridine compounds, which differ only in the position of the nitrogen in their pyridine ring, are described. CB300179 (2-pyridine), CB300189 (4-pyridine) and CB30865 (3-pyridine) all inhibited isolated mammalian TS with IC50 values of 508, 250 and 156 nM respectively. CB30865 was the most potent growth inhibitory agent (IC50 values in the range 1-100 nM for several mouse and human cell types). CB300179 and CB300189 were active in the micromolar range. Against W1L2 cells, CB300179 and CB300189 demonstrated reduced potency in the presence of exogenous thymidine (dThd), and against a W1L2:C1 TS overproducing cell line. In contrast, CB30865 retained activity in these systems. Furthermore, combinations of precursors and end products of folate metabolism, e.g. dThd/hypoxanthine (HX) or leucovorin (LV), did not prevent activity. CB30865 did not interfere with the incorporation of tritiated dThd, uridine or leucine after 4 h. A cell line was raised with acquired resistance to CB30865 (W1L2:R865; > 200-fold), which was not cross-resistant to CB300179 or CB300189. In addition, W1L2:R865 cells were as sensitive as parental cells to agents from all the major chemotherapeutic drug classes. CB300179 and CB300189 induced an S phase accumulation (preventable by co-administration of dThd). No cell cycle redistribution was observed following exposure (4-48 h) to an equitoxic concentration of CB30865. In the NCI anticancer drug-discovery screen, CB30865 displayed a pattern of activity which was not consistent with known anti-tumour agents. These data suggest that CB30865 represents a class of potent potential anti-tumour agents with a novel mechanism of action. (+info)

... chemical precipitation and filtration for dissolved metals; carbon adsorption and biological oxidation for organic pollutants; ... Most ores are the chemical compound of the metal and other elements, such as oxygen (as an oxide), sulfur (as a sulfide), or ... Smelting uses heat and a chemical reducing agent to decompose the ore, driving off other elements as gases or slag and leaving ... The carbon source acts as a chemical reactant to remove oxygen from the ore, yielding the purified metal element as a product. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smelting

Some chemical treatment techniques include ozone and oxygen gas injection, chemical precipitation, membrane separation, ion ... Chemicals can reach into ground water through precipitation and runoff. New landfills are required to be lined with clay or ... Many chemicals undergo reactive decay or chemical change, especially over long periods of time in groundwater reservoirs. A ... As the health effects of most toxic chemicals arise after prolonged exposure, risk to health from chemicals is generally lower ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_pollution

... or by chemical precipitation. Ores most amenable to leaching include the copper carbonates malachite and azurite, the oxide ... This causes the chemical precipitation and thus immobilization of major contaminants. Phase 4: Circulation of the liquid by ... Usually this is potable water or stock water (usually less than 500 ppm total dissolved solids), and while not all chemical ... Phase 3: as 2, with the addition of a reducing chemical (for example hydrogen sulfide (H2S) or sodium sulfide (Na2S). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_situ_leach

Otherwise it must first be removed by ion exchange, adsorption or chemical precipitation. A common form of antibiotic ... Mutation is often used, and is encouraged by introducing mutagens such as ultraviolet radiation, x-rays or certain chemicals. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_of_antibiotics

These include dry ash handling, closed-loop ash recycling, chemical precipitation, biological treatment (such as an activated ... Treatment processes include brine treatment, solids removal (e.g. chemical precipitation, filtration), oils and grease removal ... Typical treatment processes used in the industry are chemical precipitation, sedimentation and filtration. Textile mills, ... This precipitation process can cause severe furring of pipes and can, in extreme cases, cause the blockage of disposal pipes. A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment

During this time, two main processes were used; phosphates were removed from the wastewater by either chemical precipitation or ... Investigations of the chemical properties of Triclosan have revealed it has the potential to accumulate and persist in the ... "Cleaning Supplies and Household Chemicals." American Lung Association, 2020, www.lung.org/clean-air/at-home/indoor-air- ... Artificial fragrances can cause sensitivity, allergies, and rashes and some of these chemicals are known carcinogens and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soap_substitute

Deposition: The material settles on a horizontal plane either through chemical or physical precipitation. Note: The secondary ... Weathering: the chemical or physical forces breaking apart the solid materials that are potentially transported. Erosion: The ... There must be repeated depositional events with changes in precipitation of materials over time. The thickness of graded beds ... Grades of the bedding material are determined by precipitation of solid components compared to the viscosity of the medium in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graded_bedding

The graphene-sulfur nanocomposites were prepared with a combination of thermal and chemical precipitation. The Mg/S cell ... Two commercial chemicals, a magnesium amide and aluminum chloride were mixed in a solvent, the product can then be used ... Journal of the American Chemical Society. 137 (38): 12388-12393. doi:10.1021/jacs.5b07820. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 26360783. Gao, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_sulfur_battery

... can be generated by chemical precipitation, from disaggregation of peloids, or by micritization. The term was coined in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrite

Processes could involve techniques for chemical reactions, precipitations, filtrations and dissolutions. Determination of the ... Philadelphia, Pa.: Chemical Heritage Foundation. ISBN 978-0-941901-23-9. Braun, Robert Denton (2016). "Chemical analysis". ... American Chemical Society. September 25, 1941. p. NA. Drees, Julia C.; Wu, Alan H. B. (2013). "Chapter 5: Analytic techniques ... One of the first fully integrated instruments or "black boxes" used in modern chemical laboratories, it sold for $723 in 1941. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DU_spectrophotometer

Chemical sedimentary rocks, including some carbonates, are deposited by precipitation of minerals from aqueous solution. These ... There are four primary types of sedimentary rocks: clastics, carbonates, evaporites, and chemical. Clastic rocks are composed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentology

Study of precipitation, chemical variation and powder properties". Journal of Nuclear Materials. 99 (2-3): 135-147. Bibcode: ... doi:10.1016/0022-3115(81)90182-3. Kan-Sen, Chou; Ding-Yi, Lin; Mu-Chang, Shieh (May 1989). "Precipitation studies of ammonium ... doi:10.1016/0022-3115(89)90246-8. Mellah, A.; Chegrouche, S.; Barkat, M. (March 2007). "The precipitation of ammonium uranyl ... Mellah, A.; Chegrouche, S.; Barkat, M. (2007-03-01). "The precipitation of ammonium uranyl carbonate (AUC): Thermodynamic and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_uranyl_carbonate

The chemical causes the precipitation of dissolved proteins, which is measured from the degree of turbidity. It is also used ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Sulfosalicylic_acid

Some chemical treatment techniques include ozone and oxygen gas injection, chemical precipitation, membrane separation, ion ... This area, called the capillary fringe, is often highly contaminated, as it holds undissolved chemicals, chemicals that are ... Contaminants found in groundwater cover a broad range of physical, inorganic chemical, organic chemical, bacteriological, and ... Chemical precipitation is commonly used in wastewater treatment to remove hardness and heavy metals. In general, the process ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_remediation

"Response of a humic lake ecosystem to an extreme precipitation event: physical, chemical, and biological implications". Inland ... doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1972.tb05092.x. Lackey, Robert T. (June 1972). "Response of physical and chemical parameters to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_stratification

Gustav Valentine Alsing, who was Danish and an acknowledged expert on chemical precipitation, designed the works. Construction ... The coke filters were not particularly successful, and were abandoned in favour of precipitation. Sludge from this process was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_Corporation_Water_Works

This result occurs when chemical use is excessive or poorly timed with respect to high precipitation. The resulting ... Chemical use and handling. Following enactment of the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) in 1976, and later the ... Measurements can also be made in batch form by extracting a single water sample and conducting any number of chemical or ... Wigley T.M.L & Jones P.D (1985). "Influences of precipitation changes and direct CO2 effects on streamflow". Letters to Nature ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_runoff

This disturbs the chemical balance and causes precipitation of the carbonates, which then creates sedimentary deposits. Since ... The precipitation of calcium carbonate, however, does not occur right at the springs of the rivers that flow into the Plitvice ... For the precipitation of carbonate chalk (calcium carbonate) the water needs to reach a certain mineral saturation level. At ... The area of a river, in which the formation of tufa occurs, is called precipitation area. Along the Korana river for example, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_National_Park

Ghassemi, Masood; Recht, Howard Leonard (1971). Phosphate Precipitation with Ferrous Iron. "Water Treatment Chemicals". ... One application of lanthanum chloride is the removal of phosphate from solutions via precipitation, e.g. in swimming pools to ... Morosin, B (1968). "Crystal Structures of Anhydrous Rare‐Earth Chlorides". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 49 (7): 3007-3012. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum(III)_chloride

Bittern can also be used as a source of magnesium ions (Mg2+) for the precipitation of struvite, a useful fertilizer, from ... Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. 47 (2): 215-221. doi:10.1016/j.cep.2007.02.012. ISSN 0255-2701. ... Bittern is commonly formed in salt ponds where the evaporation of water prompts the precipitation of halite. These salt ponds ... Ethanol is also used, but it exhibits a preference for potassium sulfate precipitation. The solution can furthermore be used in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittern_(salt)

It has been asserted that chemical precipitation methods result in the cubic zincblende form.[6] ... a b c D. Lincot, Gary Hodes Chemical Solution Deposition of Semiconducting and Non-Metallic Films: Proceedings of the ... CDC International Chemical Safety Card - Cadmium Sulfide *^ Bjornberg, A (Sep 1963). "Reactions to light in yellow tattoos from ... In the chemical bath deposition method, thin films of CdS have been prepared using thiourea as the source of sulfide anions and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_sulfide

Recently it has been demonstrated that microbially induced precipitation may be more important than physico-chemical ... 2009) showed with flume experiments that precipitation does not occur unless a biofilm is present, despite supersaturation. ... Since carbonate solubility decreases with increased pH, precipitation is induced. Supersaturation may be enhanced by factors ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tufa

Chemical weathering includes dissolution of matter composing a rock and precipitation in the form of another mineral. Clay ... The most common mineral constituent of silt and sand is quartz, also called silica, which has the chemical name silicon dioxide ... Due to the large surface area available for chemical, electrostatic, and van der Waals interaction, the mechanical behavior of ... Weathering mechanisms are physical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering Human activities such as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_mechanics

A study of the exact chemical components of the precipitation in the park has been carried out. The park possesses a large ... Galloway, James N.; William C. Keene (20 March 1996). "Processes controlling the composition of precipitation at a remote ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torres_del_Paine_National_Park

... and the traveling precipitation front following the diffusion front will split. As the broken precipitation front advances, its ... "From Chemical Gardens to Chemobrionics". Chemical Reviews. 115 (16): 8652-8703. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00014. PMID 26176351 ... The precipitation patterns are forming as a reaction of two electrolytes: a highly concentrated "outer" one diffuses into a ... The chemical mechanism of this pattern formation is not fully understood, but computer simulations based on phase separation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hantz_reactions

The primary removal methods include: (1) sorption and precipitation, (2) chemical reaction, and (3) reactions involving ... Sorption and precipitation are potentially reversible and may thus require removal of the reactive medium and gathered products ... Immobilization of the contaminant may occur through sorption to the barrier materials or precipitation from the dissolved state ... In: Tarr M. A. (ed.), Chemical Degradation Methods for Wastes and Pollutants; Environmental and Industrial Applications. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permeable_reactive_barrier

Further developments in alternative pre-tanning processes and precipitation recovery/re-use of chemicals continue to be ... Precipitation techniques and fluid-reuse has reduced the total amount of solid and water waste produced. High-exhaustion ... The hides are spun in a float of chemicals and dyes, mostly consisting of oils distilled from different tree barks and ... Tanneries process animal skins with the use of chemicals to alter the proteins and produce a durable and flexible product. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._B._Foot_Tanning_Company

He later admitted his mistake when it proved to be just the product of an inorganic chemical process (precipitation). In 1868 ... George Charles Wallich claimed that Bathybius was a product of chemical disintegration. In 1872 the Challenger expedition began ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathybius_haeckelii

There are several methods for creating nanoparticles, including gas condensation, attrition, chemical precipitation, ion ... Besides being cheap and convenient, the wet chemical approach allows fine control of the particle's chemical composition. Even ... Nanoparticles have different analytical requirements than conventional chemicals, for which chemical composition and ... A scavenger chemical will preferentially interact with oxidizing radicals to prevent the re-oxidation of the metal. Once in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoparticle

In the United States, the first sewage treatment plant using chemical precipitation was built in Worcester, Massachusetts, in ... In the United States, the first sewage treatment plant using chemical precipitation was built in Worcester, Massachusetts in ... In the late 19th century some cities began to add chemical treatment and sedimentation systems to their sewers. Most cities in ... In the late 19th century some cities began to add chemical treatment and sedimentation systems to their sewers. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_water_supply_and_sanitation

"ACS Chemical Biology. 11 (10): 2908-2914. doi:10.1021/acschembio.6b00624. PMC 5074845. PMID 27571266.. ... The relationship of bile acids to cholesterol saturation in bile and cholesterol precipitation to produce gallstones has been ... Physical-chemical and thermodynamic considerations". Arch Intern Med. 130 (4): 506-27. doi:10.1001/archinte.1972.03650040040005 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile_acids

The Cedar Bayou plant, in operation since 1963, is Chevron Phillips Chemical's largest manufacturing site in the United States. ... Precipitation totals in mm. Baytown's climate is classified as humid subtropical (Cfa in Köppen climate classification system). ... chemical processing sites producing a variety of petrochemical products. ... in the city and now runs over 10 plants in the area including a newly announced 2 billion dollar expansion to its chemical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baytown,_Texas

These chemical reactions require energy, which mainly comes from the Sun and largely by photosynthesis, although a very small ... "Bacterial biomineralization: new insights from Myxococcus-induced mineral precipitation". Geological Society, London, Special ... structural and chemical) suggests a bottom-up form of regulation or control.[17][18][19] Recent studies have concluded that ... obtain energy by the chemical oxidation of inorganic compounds and can grow in dark environments, such as the sulfur bacterium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_web

Chemical cements vary in abundance but are predominantly found in sandstones. The two major types, are silicate based and ... Porosity is further reduced by the precipitation of minerals into the remaining pore spaces.[3] The final stage in the process ... Composition includes the chemical and mineralogic make-up of the single or varied fragments and the cementing material (matrix ... This mainly involves the precipitation of new minerals. Mineralogical changes during eogenesisEdit. Mineralogical changes that ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clastic_rock

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, Vol. 10, 2006. pp. 430-436.. *Dam, J., Velikovsky, C.A., Mariuzza R.A., et al. ... Aids in separation of proteins using purification techniques such as salting out, e.g. ammonium sulfate precipitation.[10] ... In the chemical and food industries, special centrifuges can process a continuous stream of particle-laden liquid. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugation

Chemical changes affect crystallinity.[2] Mechanisms of chemical change, such as the uptake of F− or CO3− may cause ... Fowler, A. C.; Yang, X. S. (2003). "Dissolution/precipitation mechanisms for diagenesis in sedimentary basins". J. Geophys. Res ... The hydrolytic activity plays a key role in the mineral phase transformations that exposes the collagen to accelerated chemical ... Specifically, diagenesis "is the cumulative physical, chemical and biological environment; these processes will modify an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis

Journal of Chemical Education. American Chemical Society. 80 (8): 952-961. Bibcode:2003JChEd..80..952J. doi:10.1021/ed080p952. ... whereupon basic precipitation removes aluminium ions from the mixture by precipitating it as the hydroxide. The remaining ... Physical and chemicalEdit. The physical and chemical properties of the alkali metals can be readily explained by their having ... Connelly, Neil G.; Geiger, William E. (1996). "Chemical Redox Agents for Organometallic Chemistry". Chemical Reviews. 96 (2): ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal

... and precipitation can affect the presence of these behaviours.[8] Along with environmental cues, social cues can also play a ... tactical and/or chemical signals as well.[1] Evolution has tailored these stereotyped behaviours to allow animals to ... this is an instance of chemical display behaviour that plays a large role in animal communication.[5] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_

An important influence on tenacity is the type of chemical bond (e.g., ionic or metallic).[9]:255-256 Of the other measures of ... at the high temperatures and pressures of igneous melts deep within the Earth's crust to the low temperature precipitation from ... The most abundant mineral in the Earth, bridgmanite, has this structure.[10] Its chemical formula is (Mg,Fe)SiO3; the red ... A few minerals are chemical elements, including sulfur, copper, silver, and gold, but the vast majority are compounds. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralogist

Most chemical elements that are ingested by organisms are in the form of simple compounds. Plants absorb dissolved elements in ... Minerals can be bioengineered by bacteria which act on metals to catalyze mineral dissolution and precipitation.[54] Mineral ... At least twenty chemical elements are known to be required to support human biochemical processes by serving structural and ... In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient by organisms to perform ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_mineral

The wet phase of enhanced convection and precipitation is followed by a dry phase where convection is suppressed. Each cycle ... and the chemical and physical composition of the atmosphere. ... as well as the forecasting of precipitation amounts and ... method of observing rainfall over data voids such as oceans with knowledge of how satellite imagery relates to precipitation ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climatology

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.0 10.1 11.8 10.5 8.9 6.9 13.5 16.6 12.2 9.3 8.9 10.0 128.7 ... The town was named after valuable ore compounds of the chemical element tellurium, a metalloid element which forms natural ... Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.49. (38) 1.58. (40) 2.02. (51) 1.94. (49) 1.81. (46) 1.12. (28) 2.50. (64) 3.02. (77) 2.68 ... Telluride gets decent precipitation all year due to its altitude, averaging 23 inches (58 cm) of rain and 177 inches (450 cm) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telluride,_Colorado

This also allows the use of precipitation hardening and improves the alloy's temperature resistance.[3] Tool steel is generally ... Iron is extracted from iron ore by removing the oxygen through its combination with a preferred chemical partner such as carbon ... Varying the amount of carbon and many other alloying elements, as well as controlling their chemical and physical makeup in the ... Adding small amounts of nickel was found to result in precipitation as nano particles of brittle B2 intermetallic compounds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 9.3 8.8 8.3 6.9 7.7 12.9 13.6 13.1 9.4 7.7 7.9 9.2 114.8 ... Dow Chemical Company, Bridgeline, FMP, Tejas, Texaco, UTP).[132] Several energy companies have regional headquarters in the ... Average precipitation inches (mm) 5.15. (131) 5.30. (135) 4.55. (116) 4.61. (117) 4.63. (118) 8.06. (205) 5.93. (151) 5.98. ( ... The average precipitation is 62.5 inches (1,590 mm) annually; the summer months are the wettest, while October is the driest ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana

Annual precipitation ranges from 750-1,000 mm (30-39 in) and is well distributed throughout the year. Most of this region lies ... Important products include motor vehicles, iron, steel, food, electrical appliances, machinery, chemicals, and paper. ... Snowfall accumulation can be high in some areas.[16] Precipitation is generally less than 70 cm (28 in) and peaks in the summer ... These regions have higher annual precipitation in some case over 100 cm (39 in). The northernmost parts of Ontario - primarily ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 10.3 9.6 10.7 10.9 11.1 10.5 9.9 8.7 8.1 8.5 9.2 10.5 118.0 ... Laurel Hill Chemical Works, 1883. Parts of Queens were becoming industrial suburbs ... Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 10.5 9.6 11.0 11.4 11.5 10.7 9.4 8.7 8.1 8.5 9.4 10.6 119.4 ... Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.17. (81) 2.76. (70) 3.97. (101) 4.00. (102) 3.79. (96) 3.94. (100) 4.50. (114) 4.12. (105) ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queens

The extreme precipitation will cause the oceans to warm and acidify. The southern ocean will increase the most in temperature. ... and chemical and petrochemical industries.[5] Changes in the environment also contribute the increase in greenhouse gas ... The major effects mainly consist of climate changes, such as extreme precipitation and acidification and warming of oceans. ... Extreme precipitation events will become more intense and frequent. The global mean surface temperature change per trillion ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/GHG_footprint

The source of almost all fresh water is precipitation from the atmosphere, in the form of mist, rain and snow. Fresh water ... Properties of water - Physical and chemical properties of pure water. *Water cycle - The continuous movement of water on, above ... rain-bearing winds can pick up sand and dust and this can be deposited elsewhere in precipitation and causing the freshwater ... and returns as precipitation. Locally, however, if more fresh water is consumed through human activities than is naturally ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater

A uranate is a ternary oxide involving the element uranium in one of the oxidation states +4, +5 or +6. A typical chemical ... doi:10.1007/s11837-998-0307-5. Ainscough, J.B.; Oldfield, B.W. (1962). "Effect of ammonium diuranate precipitation conditions ... However, the composition of the precipitate that forms is variable and depends on the chemical and physical conditions used. ... W. H. Zachariasen (1954). "Crystal chemical studies of the 5f-series of elements. XXI. The crystal structure of magnesium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranate

Perry, R.H. and Green, D.W, Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (7th Edition), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0-07-049841-5, Eqn 12-7 ... See also: Precipitation (meteorology) and Humid subtropical climate. While humidity itself is a climate variable, it also ... As a result, absolute humidity in chemical engineering may refer to mass of water vapor per unit mass of dry air, also known as ... Perry, R.H. and Green, D.W, (2007) Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (8th Edition), Section 12, Psychrometry, Evaporative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_humidity

After reconstitution, the mixture should be free from discoloration and precipitation. Reconstitution with sodium chloride ... Chemical and physical data. Formula. C19H24N4O2. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentamidine

Represented by a chemical formula. Minerals are chemical compounds, and as such they can be described by fixed or a variable ... new insights from Myxococcus-induced mineral precipitation". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 336 (1): 31-50. ... but combines both chemical and structural criteria, the latter with regards to distribution of chemical bonds.[45] ... The chemical composition may vary between end member species of a solid solution series. For example, the plagioclase feldspars ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.9 9.7 11.9 11.3 12.0 10.9 9.4 9.0 8.7 9.4 10.1 11.6 124.9 ... chemicals, heavy machinery, petroleum, and scrap metal. Providence is also home to some of toy manufacturer Hasbro's business ... Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.86. (98) 3.29. (84) 5.01. (127) 4.36. (111) 3.55. (90) 3.64. (92) 3.29. (84) 3.60. (91) ... Monthly precipitation in Providence ranges from a high of 4.43 inches (112.5 mm) in March to a low of 3.17 inches (80.5 mm) in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_island

American Chemical Society (2006). Reagent chemicals: specifications and procedures : American Chemical Society specifications, ... These precipitation processes tend to concentrate radioactive elements in the calcium sulfate product. This issue is particular ... Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A21. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.. ... "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0095". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_sulphate

The Army Corps of Engineers also resorted to using sand, salt, chemicals and drilling to alleviate the ice jams.[55] The ... and additional precipitation from high winter snow fall, a rain storm on March 22 and a later snowstorm, high temperature snow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Red_River_flood

... limiting clouds and precipitation. It has been proposed, in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, that evaporation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_surface_effects_on_climate

Chemical signatures, particularly Mg/Ca ratio of calcite in Foraminifera tests, can be used to reconstruct past temperature. ... Knowing which plants were present leads to an understanding of precipitation and temperature, and types of fauna present. ... Caldeira, Ken (18 June 1992). "Enhanced Cenozoic chemical weathering and the subduction of pelagic carbonate". Nature. 357 ( ... Each volcanic event distributed ash with a unique set of properties (shape and color of particles, chemical signature). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleoclimatology

Average precipitation mm (inches) 27. (1.06) 25. (0.98) 32. (1.26) 33. (1.3) 59. (2.32) 71. (2.8) 81. (3.19) 67. (2.64) 47. ( ... Wrocław's industry manufactures buses, railroad cars, home appliances, chemicals and electronics. The city houses factories and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breslau

Kent SB (February 2009). "Total chemical synthesis of proteins". Chemical Society Reviews. 38 (2): 338-51. doi:10.1039/b700141j ... Precipitation by a method known as salting out can concentrate the proteins from this lysate. Various types of chromatography ... "Accounts of Chemical Research. 50 (8): 1875-82. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00195. ISSN 0001-4842. PMC 5584629. PMID 28723063.. ... which rely on organic synthesis techniques such as chemical ligation to produce peptides in high yield.[17] Chemical synthesis ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_synthesis

"Chemical & Engineering News. American Chemical Society. Retrieved 2008-08-22.. *^ Bardeen, J.; Brattain, W. H. (1948). "The ... In sterling silver alloys, for instance, it reduces firescale, increases tarnish resistance, and improves precipitation ... Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32. It is a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid in the ... In his report on The Periodic Law of the Chemical Elements in 1869, the Russian chemist Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev predicted ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanium

Chemical precipitation is a widely used technology for controlling effluent OP discharge, either on its own or supplementing ... The various chemical and physico-chemical mechanisms that result in extremely low residual OP levels are complex and pH ... chemical savings), b) better estimates of chemical sludge produced, and c) by modeling the competition between iron phosphate ... Analysis of effluent data from the DCWASA plant (Washington, DC.), the largest chemical P removal plant in the world, showed ...

https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wefproc/2004/00002004/00000008/art00010

Such rapid chemical reactions are not common in nature. But this is exactly what occurs when Deer Creek meets the upper Snake ... Note that iron precipitation gives the streambed a rusty brown color. Deer Creek, on the other hand, is naturally basic (high ... The mixing of the streams reduces the acidity of the water, leading to precipitation of oxides of iron and aluminum. A few ... In high school chemistry, you may have watched a mixture of dissolved chemicals in a test tube produce a dramatically colored ...

https://epod.usra.edu/blog/2018/03/encore-chemical-precipitation-in-the-rocky-mountains.html

... precipitation and redox equilibria, and includes questions and answers to facilitate the understanding ... This book provides a modern and easy-to-understand introduction to the chemical equilibria in solutions, focuses on aqueous ... Chemical Equilibria in Analytical Chemistry. The Theory of Acid-Base, Complex, Precipitation and Redox Equilibria. Authors: ... Chemical Equilibria in Analytical Chemistry. Book Subtitle. The Theory of Acid-Base, Complex, Precipitation and Redox ...

https://www.springer.com/in/book/9783030171797

Fellingsdams: an investigation of wastewater treatment by chemical precipitation in ponds in northern Sweden. Zhang, Wen ... Physics Chemistry Maths, Fellingsdam, Wastewater treatment, In-pond system, Pre-pond, system, Chemical precipitation, Sludge ... Turbidity is mainly influenced by precipitation and algae. From the perspective of actual detention time, the pond geometry ... there is usually a large amount of sludge accumulated around the influent pipe because of fast precipitation. In the ...

http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:1029468

Our data reveal that high concentrations of Mg2+ promote the precipitation of an amorphous transient phase together with non- ... The effect of Mg2+ on the precipitation pathway of CaCO3 in absolute ethanol has been studied to investigate the role of ion ... The effect of Mg2+ on the precipitation pathway of CaCO3 in absolute ethanol has been studied to investigate the role of ion ... Our data reveal that high concentrations of Mg2+ promote the precipitation of an amorphous transient phase together with non- ...

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/cc/c9cc07087g

... driven by a complex interplay of osmotic and buoyant forces together with chemical reaction. They display peculiar plant-like ... Diffusion and precipitation processes in iron-based silica gardens F. Glaab, J. Rieder, J. M. García-Ruiz, W. Kunz and M. ... The insight gained in this work may help to better understand the diffusion properties and precipitation patterns in tubular ... driven by a complex interplay of osmotic and buoyant forces together with chemical reaction. They display peculiar plant-like ...

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/CP/2016/C6CP02107G

Chemical Precipitation of Cu(Oh)2 Photographic Print by Carol & Mike Werner. Find art you love and shop high-quality art prints ...

http://www.art.com/products/p14440653143-sa-i6712897/carol-mike-werner-copper-atom-model-chemical-precipitation-of-cu-oh-2.htm?sorig=cat&sorigid=0&dimvals=5051841&ui=4087729a2e3b4b91bb088f9cd4fb6481

... Molahalli, Pragnya KTH, School of Industrial ...

http://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:579493

Precipitation) with video tutorials and quizzes, using our Many Ways(TM) approach from multiple teachers.,p,This lesson will ... demonstrate how to identify a precipitation reaction and determine whether or not it will occur by using several examples.,/p, ... This lesson will demonstrate how to identify a precipitation reaction and determine whether or not it will occur by using ... We explain Chemical Reaction Types: Double Displacement ( ... Chemical Reaction Types Double Displacement open player in a ...

https://www.sophia.org/tutorials/chemical-reaction-types-double-displacement-precip

NiFe2O4 nanoparticle has been prepared by chemical co-precipitation technique. X-ray diffraction patterns of as dried and ... Keywords: ferrite nanoparticle, chemical co-precipitation, permeability, transport properties, Curie temperature. Abstract:. ... NiFe2O4 nanoparticle has been prepared by chemical co-precipitation technique. X-ray diffraction patterns of as dried and ... Magnetic and Electrical Properties of NiFe2O4 Nanoparticle Synthesized by Chemical Co-precipitation Technique. Authors: Sk. ...

http://www.nsti.org/procs/Nanotech2010v1/3/T30.440

Nanometer La2CuO4 particles have been prepared using chemical precipitation method. The reaction mechanism, microstructure and ... Preparation of Nanosized La2CuO4 Particle by Chemical Precipitation Method and its Thermoelectrical Properties p.556 ... Y. Liu et al., "Preparation of Nanosized La2CuO4 Particle by Chemical Precipitation Method and its Thermoelectrical Properties ... Preparation of Nanosized La2CuO4 Particle by Chemical Precipitation Method and its Thermoelectrical Properties. ...

https://www.scientific.net/KEM.368-372.556

Chemical precipitation of phosphate within a high rate bio-oxidation system. I. Synthetic sewage studies ... Chemical Precipitation of Phosphate withi a High Rate Bio-oxidation System I. Synthetic Sewage Studies W. A. EBERHARDT, FWPCA ... Chemical Precipitation of Phosphate withi a High Rate Bio-oxidation System I. Synthetic Sewage Studies W. A. EBERHARDT, FWPCA ... Chemical precipitation of phosphate within a high rate bio-oxidation system. I. Synthetic sewage studies. ...

http://earchives.lib.purdue.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/engext/id/15233/rec/83

Examples of chemical precipitations commonly used are hydroxide- and sulphide precipitation. Hydroxide precipitation The ... Chemical precipitation Chemical precipitation is used for removal of both impurities and wanted metals from leaching solutions ... 2 is the most widely used chemical precipitation process in hydrometallurgy. The precipitation is achieved by increasing pH in ... is the most widely used chemical precipitation process in hydrometallurgy. The precipitation is achieved by increasing pH in ...

http://wiki.biomine.skelleftea.se/wiki/index.php?title=Chemical_precipitation&diff=prev&oldid=3615&printable=yes

Examples of chemical precipitations commonly used are hydroxide- and sulphide precipitation. Formation of a solid substance ... 2 is the most widely used chemical precipitation process in hydrometallurgy. The precipitation is achieved by increasing pH in ... Chemical precipitation. From BioMineWiki. Revision as of 09:20, 24 August 2007 by Åke Sandström (Talk , contribs) ... Chemical precipitation can be used for either solution purification or metal recovery. Eh-pH diagrams is a good tool to ...

http://wiki.biomine.skelleftea.se/wiki/index.php?title=Chemical_precipitation&oldid=3636

Precipitation influences chemical fingerprint In another cooperative study including 38 Camponotus species and 42 Crematogaster ... Chemical profile of ants adapts rapidly Protective skin with communication function: Significant differences in the cuticular ... He suspects that this enables the ants to adapt their chemical signals over short evolutionary periods if necessary, for ... Their study revealed a clear correlation of CHC composition and precipitation: ant species from humid regions such as the ...

http://www.uni-mainz.de/presse/aktuell/2007_ENG_HTML.php

Representation using chemical equations[edit]. See also: solubility product. An example of a precipitation reaction: Aqueous ... Precipitation in solids is routinely used to synthesize nanoclusters.[1] An important stage of the precipitation process is the ... This article is about the chemical phenomenon. For other uses, see Precipitation (disambiguation). ... In metallurgy, precipitation from a solid solution is also a useful way to strengthen alloys; this process is known as solid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation_

Precipitation is the formation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction. It usually takes ... A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.[1] ... Chemical equilibrium. Main article: Chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible, that is they can and do run ... Main article: Chemical equation. Chemical equations are used to graphically illustrate chemical reactions. They consist of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction

Measurement of acid precipitation in Norway. Since January 1972, chemical analysis of daily precipitation samples from about 20 ... Precipitation as a chemical and meteorological phenomenon. Sequential rain and snow sampling has been performed at Burlington ... The chemical analysis programme is: sulphate, pH and acidity in precipitation, sulphates and sulphur dioxide in air. In ... The major chemical component of a living tree is water, but on a dryweight basis, all wood cell walls consist mainly of sugar- ...

https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/search?keywords=%22chemical+analysis%22

... chemical precipitation Remove constraint Subject: chemical precipitation Start Over ... chemical precipitation, etc ; Prunus persica; rheological properties; chemical structure; gums; plant exudates; plant extracts ... chemical precipitation, etc ; cod (fish); Gadus morhua; collagen; extraction; chemical concentration; pepsin; denaturation; ... chemical precipitation, etc ; fish; myosin; protein aggregates; Gadus morhua; food analysis; gelation; temperature; pH; heat ...

https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bjournal_name%5D%5B%5D=Food+hydrocolloids&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=chemical+precipitation&per_page=20&q=%22precipitation%22&search_field=subject&sort=date-desc

https://www.chemedx.org/video/precipitation-reaction-sodium-sulfate-and-barium-nitrate

... precipitation Subject chemical precipitation Remove constraint Subject: chemical precipitation Subject wastewater treatment ... chemical precipitation, etc ; anaerobic digestion; chemical oxygen demand; liquids; magnesium ammonium phosphate; methane ... chemical precipitation, etc ; adsorbents; adsorption; aluminum; aqueous solutions; chemical oxygen demand; coagulation; color; ... To improve the settling performance of chemical precipitation sludge, controlled double-jet precipitation (CDJP) was used to ...

https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=chemical+precipitation&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=wastewater+treatment&q=%22precipitation%22&search_field=subject&sort=date-desc

... with the size range of 20-30 nm were prepared by the modified controlled chemical co-precipitation method from the solution of ... Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, Polyethylene glycol, Surfactant, Superparamagnetic, Chemical co-precipitation. Article 6, ... "Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, Polyethylene glycol, Surfactant, Superparamagnetic, Chemical co-precipitation". ... with the size range of 20-30 nm were prepared by the modified controlled chemical co-precipitation method from the solution of ...

http://www.ijnnonline.net/article_3932.html

Chemical composition of acid precipitation in central Texas. Studies were undertaken to determine factors affecting composition ... Foliar and soil chemical analyses were used to examine this apparent anomaly. Japanese larch demonstrated an ability to grow ... Proceedings of the first international symposium on acid precipitation and the forest ecosystem; Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-23. Upper ... of acidic precipitation formation in the Austin area of Central Texas. The study was initiated to determine background levels ...

https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/search?keywords=%22Northeastern%20forests%22&%3Bamp%3Bf%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Skowronski%2C%20Nicholas%22&%3Bf%5B0%5D=year%3A%222005%22&f%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Van%20Sambeek%2C%20J.W.%22Jerry%22%22

Precipitation reaction of sodium iodide and mercury(II) chloride. Precipitation reaction of sodium iodide and mercury(II) ... Copyright © 2020 Division of Chemical Education, Inc. of the American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. ... ChemEd X invites stakeholders in chemical education to submit articles, blogs, activities, demonstrations and picks. See the ...

https://chemedx.org/video/precipitation-reaction-sodium-iodide-and-mercuryii-chloride

Chemical name Triallyl Isocyanurate ? Synonyms TAIC ? Molecular formula C12H15N3O3; ? Molecular Weight 249.27 ? CAS No. 1025-15 ... Cation Polymer Chemical Pdadmac Rapid Precipitation. ◆ Specification ◆Application & Advantages TAIC is widely used as the ... strive for perfection and deliver better Cation Polymer Chemical Pdadmac Rapid Precipitation to customers around the world. Our ...

http://m.wfrichem.com/showroom/Cation-Polymer-Chemical-Pdadmac-Rapid-Precipitation.html

Modeling and Simulation of Reservoir Formation Damage due to Chemical Precipitation and Particulate Processes. Grema, Alhaji ... A model for petroleum reservoir formation damage by chemical precipitation and fines migration is presented. Single type of ... Macroscopic mass balance approach was used for the particle, fluid and chemical species. A complete formation damage model was ...

http://repository.aust.edu.ng/xmlui/handle/123456789/491

Chemical Information , Contact Us Science Stuff Main Website. Copyright © 2015, Science Stuff, Inc. Science Stuff is a ... Notify me of updates to CALCIUM CARBONATE LAB GR PRECIP PWD (2.5KG). ...

http://chem.sciencestuff.com/product_info.php?cPath=25&products_id=3524

... polyethylene glycol precipitation of formed 3H-DNA/antiDNA complexes is used instead of the ammonium sulfate precipitation used ... polyethylene glycol precipitation of formed 3H-DNA/antiDNA complexes is used instead of the ammonium sulfate precipitation used ... Chemical Precipitation * DNA / immunology* * Humans * Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / immunology* * Methods * Polyethylene ... in systemic lupus erythematosus of antibodies to double-stranded DNA measured with the polyethylene glycol precipitation assay ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7092963/?dopt=Abstract

Chemical precipitation method was used in order to synthesize CdSe:Ag quantum dots (2-3 nm). Their Physical properties and ... Chemical precipitation method was used in order to synthesize CdSe:Ag quantum dots (2-3 nm). Their Physical properties and ... 2016). Synthesis and assessment of antibacterial effects of CdSe:Ag nanoparticles produced by chemical precipitation method. ... 2016). Synthesis and assessment of antibacterial effects of CdSe:Ag nanoparticles produced by chemical precipitation method, ...

http://ijbihn.iauvaramin.ac.ir/article_23233.html

Chemical Precipitation Chemical precipitation, formation of a separable solid substance from a solution, either by converting ... Substitution Reaction (chemical reaction) Substitution reaction, any of a class of chemical reactions in which an atom, ion, or ...

https://www.britannica.com/search?query=onagri

The practical benefits associated with a mechanistic, equilibrium chemistry based model include: a) improved control of ferric dosage depending on pH conditions (chemical savings), b) better estimates of chemical sludge produced, and c) by modeling the competition between iron phosphate and iron in other forms, better understanding of the iron overdose required. (ingentaconnect.com)
In high school chemistry, you may have watched a mixture of dissolved chemicals in a test tube produce a dramatically colored precipitate . (usra.edu)
Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements where both electronic and nuclear changes can occur. (wikipedia.org)
Precipitation collectors were installed at 14 locations on the Pajarito Plateau and surrounding areas to study variations in chemistry, stable isotopes and tritium for the years 1990 to 1993. (unt.edu)
It begins with a basic coverage of chemistry and biochemistry, environmental chemical processes, and toxicology. (routledge.com)
That such sedimentary deposits were extensive enough to change the chemical signature of intracrustal melts suggests they may have been a suitable niche for (pre)biotic chemistry as early as 4.1 Ga. (pnas.org)

To give an indication on the conditions needed to separate different elements by hydroxide precipitation solubility diagrams of metal hydroxides are helpful. (skelleftea.se)
For example, hydroxide precipitation of ferric chloride can be used as the source of ferric oxide for coprecipitation and adsorption reactions. (encyclopedia.com)
The hydroxide precipitation is the most widely used industrial precipitation in which metal hydroxides are formed by using calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) or sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) as the precipitant. (wikipedia.org)

Biological processes and chemical precipitation in combination with polishing by granular media or membrane filtration can remove 90-95% of the phosphorus (P) from wastewater. (usda.gov)
Metal salts are widely used for the precipitation of phosphorus during wastewater treatment transforming soluble orthophosphate to an insoluble salt. (usda.gov)
In practice, more complex reactions are taking place including a reduction of the chemical solubility of dissolved greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide, present in the wastewater stream. (usda.gov)
Wastewater sludge is generated in primary, secondary, and chemical treatment processes. (issuu.com)
The principle technology to remove metals pollutants from wastewater is by chemical precipitation. (encyclopedia.com)
They include the optimum pH , the type of chemical treatments used, and the number of treatment stages, as well as the temperature and volume of wastewater, and the chemical specifications of the pollutants to be removed. (encyclopedia.com)
The rate and extent of this process is dependent upon the temperature and chemical characteristics of the wastewater, such as the concentration of metal initially present and other ionic species present, which can compete with or form soluble complexes with the target metal species. (encyclopedia.com)
Precipitation, coprecipitation, and adsorption reactions generate suspended solids which must be separated from the wastewater. (encyclopedia.com)
Physical, chemical, and biological methods are mainly used for wastewater treatment. (hindawi.com)
Iron salts dosage for sulfide control in sewers induces chemical phosphorus removal during wastewater treatment. (semanticscholar.org)
Chemical phosphorus (P) removal during aerobic wastewater treatment induced by iron salt addition in sewer systems for sulfide control is investigated. (semanticscholar.org)
Aerobic batch tests with activated sludge fed with wastewater containing iron sulfide precipitates showed that iron sulfide was rapidly reoxidised in aerobic conditions, resulting in phosphate precipitation. (semanticscholar.org)
Determination of kinetics and stoichiometry of chemical sulfide oxidation in wastewater of sewer networks. (semanticscholar.org)

Such rapid chemical reactions are not common in nature. (usra.edu)
Precipitation reactions can be used for making pigments , removing salts from water in water treatment , and in classical qualitative inorganic analysis . (wikipedia.org)
[1] Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms , with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation . (wikipedia.org)
Chemical reactions are usually characterized by a chemical change , and they yield one or more products , which usually have properties different from the reactants. (wikipedia.org)
Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations , which symbolically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes intermediate products and reaction conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Chemical reactions happen at a characteristic reaction rate at a given temperature and chemical concentration. (wikipedia.org)
Different chemical reactions are used in combinations during chemical synthesis in order to obtain a desired product. (wikipedia.org)
In biochemistry , a consecutive series of chemical reactions (where the product of one reaction is the reactant of the next reaction) form metabolic pathways . (wikipedia.org)
The general concept of a chemical reaction has been extended to reactions between entities smaller than atoms, including nuclear reactions , radioactive decays , and reactions between elementary particles , as described by quantum field theory . (wikipedia.org)
Chemical reactions such as combustion in fire, fermentation and the reduction of ores to metals were known since antiquity. (wikipedia.org)
With the development of the lead chamber process in 1746 and the Leblanc process , allowing large-scale production of sulfuric acid and sodium carbonate , respectively, chemical reactions became implemented into the industry. (wikipedia.org)
The physical laws describing homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions, their kinetics, and the transport of reactive solutes are presented. (routledge.com)
Chemical Reactions and Equations. (routledge.com)
Chemical weathering or decomposition occurs when reactions on the minerals in rock. (prezi.com)
Precipitation reactions are often used to isolate a particular ion from the solution. (wikibooks.org)
Thermodynamics allows us to calculate the outcome of chemical reactions when we bring certain substances together. (indiana.edu)
The material that was displaced into the mantle during formation of the iron core contained abundant oxygen, silica, magnesium, iron, aluminum, and calcium (plus smaller quantities of a range of other elements) and under the pressures and temperatures that prevail there, chemical reactions (following the laws of thermodynamics) produce compounds that are known as olivine and pyroxene. (indiana.edu)
Chemical reactions under far-from-equilibrium conditions can generate multistability, oscillations, and spatial patterns induced by diffusion and other means of mass transport. (grc.org)

Iron phosphate solubility, the dissociation state of many other chemical species, as well as adsorption of phosphate ions on hydroxy complexes and flocculation also play a role (D.W. de Haas et al. (ingentaconnect.com)
Soluble metal ions are converted to insoluble form by chemical reaction with a precipitating reagent. (skelleftea.se)
Likewise, the suspending medium remained stable for up to 72 h when precipitation was induced within the aqueous interiors of the liposomes by encapsulating pH 7.4-buffered 50 mM PO4 solutions in the interior spaces and making the enclosing membranes permeable to external solution Ca2+ ions with the ionophore X-537A. (biomedsearch.com)

Chemical precipitation of phosphate within a high rate bio-oxidation system. (purdue.edu)
Chemical Precipitation of Phosphate withi a High Rate Bio-oxidation System I. Synthetic Sewage Studies W. A. EBERHARDT, FWPCA Research Fellow J. B. NESBITT, Professor Civil Engineering Department Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania INTRODUCTION Be it in research, education, or regulatory policy formation, few areas of water quality management receive the attention presently given the problems and causes of surface water enrichment. (purdue.edu)
Membrane-mediated precipitation of calcium phosphate in model liposomes with matrix vesicle-like lipid composition. (biomedsearch.com)
The present study examined calcium phosphate precipitation in aqueous suspensions of artificial liposomes which closely resembled matrix vesicles (MV) in membrane lipid composition. (biomedsearch.com)

Due to initial compartmentalisation, drastic concentration gradients were found to exist across the tube walls, which give rise to noticeable electrochemical potential differences and decay only slowly in a series of coupled diffusion and precipitation processes. (rsc.org)
Precipitation processes are characterized by the solubility of the metal to be removed. (encyclopedia.com)
The book fills a gap in the literature through its discussion of geochemical modeling, which simulates the chemical and physical processes affecting the distribution of chemical species in liquid, gas, and solid phases. (routledge.com)
Formaldehyde is a basic chemical raw material widely used in plastics, chemical, leather, resin, and other production processes. (hindawi.com)
Separation processes worth investigating might include chemical precipitation. (iea-shc.org)

They are generally designed to precipitate trace metals to their solubility limits and obtain additional removal by coprecipitation and adsorption during the precipitation reaction. (encyclopedia.com)

This model was able to accurately predict pH, OP residuals and chemical sludge composition. (ingentaconnect.com)
When using slaked lime as coagulant, there is usually a large amount of sludge accumulated around the influent pipe because of fast precipitation. (diva-portal.org)
His analyses indicated promise for a non-tertiary scheme utilizing chemical precipitation in conjunction with chemically aided bioflocculation in a short-term activated sludge process. (purdue.edu)
OBJECT AND PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS OF THIS INVESTIGATION It was the object of this research to develop and study the effectiveness of a continuously operated bench scale process combining chemical treatment and activated sludge so as to effect low phosphorus residuals without any sacrifice in biological treatment efficiency. (purdue.edu)

This is achieved by converting the substance into an insoluble form by chemical reaction or by changing the composition of the solvent to reduce the solubility of the substance in it. (skelleftea.se)
This is due to its composition of cuticular hydrocarbons that form a specific chemical profile. (uni-mainz.de)
Their study revealed a clear correlation of CHC composition and precipitation: ant species from humid regions such as the montane rainforests of Malaysia or Uganda have more alkenes and fewer dimethylalkanes in their CHC profile than ants from arid regions such as the Mediterranean. (uni-mainz.de)
Composition of atmospheric precipitation. (osti.gov)
ETDEWEB / Search Results / Composition of atmospheric precipitation. (osti.gov)
misc{etde_6356509, title = {Composition of atmospheric precipitation. (osti.gov)
Minerals, the building blocks of rocks , are inorganic solids with a specific internal structure and a definite chemical composition (varies only within a narrow range). (indiana.edu)
Minerals can be classified into several groups according to their chemical composition. (indiana.edu)

Chemical precipitation is a widely used technology for controlling effluent OP discharge, either on its own or supplementing biological methods. (ingentaconnect.com)
2001. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
The GRC on Oscillations and Dynamic Instabilities in Chemical Systems will provide a forum for discussion of frontier research in recent breakthroughs in nonlinear dynamics of chemical and biological systems. (grc.org)

It focuses on aqueous solutions, but also addresses non-aqueous solutions, covering acid-base, complex, precipitation and redox equilibria. (springer.com)
An example of a precipitation reaction: Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) is added to a solution containing potassium chloride (KCl), the precipitation of a white solid, silver chloride (AgCl), is observed. (wikipedia.org)

By cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, crystals of the porphyrin precipitate, and are collected by filtration: Precipitation may also occur when an antisolvent (a solvent in which the product is insoluble) is added, drastically reducing the solubility of the desired product. (wikipedia.org)
It involves dissolution and a series of solvent extractions, evaporation, precipitation and filtration steps to produce highly pure salts for each pgm. (matthey.com)

Silica gardens are tubular structures that form along the interface of multivalent metal salts and alkaline solutions of sodium silicate, driven by a complex interplay of osmotic and buoyant forces together with chemical reaction. (rsc.org)
Precipitation is achieved by the addition of proper reagents (alkali, salts) and can under correct conditions be done selectively. (skelleftea.se)

is the most widely used chemical precipitation process in hydrometallurgy. (skelleftea.se)
The precipitation of metal hydroxides such as for example Al(OH) 3 , Fe(OH) 3 and Zn(OH) 2 is the most widely used chemical precipitation process in hydrometallurgy. (skelleftea.se)

Magnesium doped tin oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method. (mahendrapublications.com)
Initially, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized from iron boring scraps by chemical co-precipitation method. (springer.com)

2016). 'Synthesis and assessment of antibacterial effects of CdSe:Ag nanoparticles produced by chemical precipitation method', International Journal of Bio-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials , 5(2), pp. 147-152. (ac.ir)

An improved method of chemical analysis for low levels of nitrogen in forest streams or in rainwater. (usda.gov)
Acid precipitation acid precipitation is caused by fossil fuels and nitrogen,sulfur and other chemicals being burned in the air and mixing with the water in the air this later causes acid precipitation.This can weather away rock faster than regular rain. (prezi.com)

Chemical methods, including advanced oxidation and condensation/precipitation, are expensive. (hindawi.com)

Examples of chemical precipitations commonly used are hydroxide- and sulphide precipitation. (skelleftea.se)

Our data reveal that high concentrations of Mg 2+ promote the precipitation of an amorphous transient phase together with non-stoichometric hydrated phases of calcium carbonate. (rsc.org)
Of the most commonly used calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation indices, the Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Potential (CCPP) most accurately describes CaCO3 precipitation and dissolution. (environmental-expert.com)
Precipitation of metallic carbonate and sulfide species can be accomplished by the addition of calcium carbonate or sodium sulfide. (encyclopedia.com)

The divalent metal cations Cd2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+ have been found to promote TMV precipitation from solution at a critical concentration Ccrit, which for a given metal depends on the pH and the ionic strength of the solution, but is largely independent of the virus concentration. (biomedsearch.com)

The mixing of the streams reduces the acidity of the water, leading to precipitation of oxides of iron and aluminum. (usra.edu)
The chemical analysis programme is: sulphate, pH and acidity in precipitation, sulphates and sulphur dioxide in air. (usda.gov)
1996). deposition in Asia, isolated surveys of acidity level and chemical Nationwide surveys of acid rain began in the 1980s. (scribd.com)

The precipitation is achieved by increasing pH in the solution by the addition of alkaline reagents such as limestone (CaCO 3 ), slaked lime (Ca(OH) 2 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or ammonia (NH 3 ). (skelleftea.se)
Common reagents used for precipitation are H 2 S(g), NaHS and Na 2 S. In the figure below a solubility diagram of metal sulphides is shown. (skelleftea.se)
The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants or reagents . (wikipedia.org)

Abstract Hydroxyapatite nanoscale particles nHA were prepared by wet chemical precipitation using four different synthesis methods. (duhnnae.com)

The addition of chemicals and various organic and inorganic substances prior to sedimentation and clarification may increase the solids capture and reduce the amount of solids lost in the effluent. (issuu.com)
The purpose of this paper is to present a survey of published data on chemical analysis of atmospheric precipitation to discuss different cycles proposed for inorganic compounds in atmospheric precipitation and, finally, to assess the importance of these compounds from different points of view. (osti.gov)
Other inorganic chemicals may also be included. (softschools.com)

The removal of coprecipitive metals during precipitation of the soluble metals is aided by the presence of solid ferric oxide, which acts as an adsorbent during the precipitation reaction. (encyclopedia.com)

In this study, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) with the size range of 20-30 nm were prepared by the modified controlled chemical co-precipitation method from the solution of ferrous/ferric mixed salt-solution in alkaline medium. (ijnnonline.net)

If silver nitrate solution is poured into a solution of sodium chloride, a chemical reaction occurs forming a white precipitate of silver chloride. (wikipedia.org)

The effect of Mg 2+ on the precipitation pathway of CaCO 3 in absolute ethanol has been studied to investigate the role of ion solvation in the crystallization process. (rsc.org)
[4] Another important application of an antisolvent is in ethanol precipitation of DNA . (wikipedia.org)

In solids, precipitation occurs if the concentration of one solid is above the solubility limit in the host solid, due to e.g. rapid quenching or ion implantation , and the temperature is high enough that diffusion can lead to segregation into precipitates. (wikipedia.org)
Precipitation in solids is routinely used to synthesize nanoclusters . (wikipedia.org)
This chemical addition results in the formation of heavier solids, which trap the colloidal solids or convert dissolved solids to settleable solids. (issuu.com)
The resultant solids are known as chemical sludges. (issuu.com)
Tertiary treatment consists of physical/chemical treatment technologies designed to remove trace quantities of specific contaminants, including nutrients, total suspended solids, and refractory compounds. (eponline.com)

Can anybody explain to me the chemical mechanism of TCA precipitation of proteins? (bio.net)

The precipitation may occur if concentration of a compound exceeds its solubility (such as when mixing solvents or changing their temperature). (wikipedia.org)
An increasing number of chemicals must be added to maintain the required concentration. (iea-shc.org)

Macroscopic mass balance approach was used for the particle, fluid and chemical species. (edu.ng)
In theory, the precipitation process has two steps, nucleation followed by particle growth. (encyclopedia.com)
Differences in physico-chemical properties including morphology, particle-size, and crystallinity were investigated following alteration of critical processing parameters. (duhnnae.com)

Practising deep understanding of material and analytical science, pyro metallurgy and multi-stage chemical separation, we have powerful capabilities to refine a broad spectrum of complex materials. (matthey.com)
Chemical separation is a highly complex multistage process that converts the five pgms into their final product forms, commonly a pgm sponge. (matthey.com)

The researchers selected 43 ant species from the Crematogaster genus from five continents and examined them concerning their relatedness and their chemical profiles. (uni-mainz.de)
In another cooperative study including 38 Camponotus species and 42 Crematogaster species from different climatic zones ranging from temperate to tropical, the German and US-American biologists demonstrated that climate also exerts selection pressures on the chemical fingerprint. (uni-mainz.de)

Precipitation may also occur when an antisolvent (a solvent in which the product is insoluble) is added, drastically reducing the solubility of the desired product. (wikipedia.org)

The various chemical and physico-chemical mechanisms that result in extremely low residual OP levels are complex and pH dependent. (ingentaconnect.com)
Physico-chemical analysis of fertilizer industry effluent and its effects on crop plants. (cdc.gov)

Chemical Weathering/ Hydrolysis/ Acid Precip. (prezi.com)
The iron based bullion is also acid leached but follows a different chemical treatment route, given the different solubilities of the five pgms that it contains. (matthey.com)

Nanometer La2CuO4 particles have been prepared using chemical precipitation method. (scientific.net)

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were synthesized using a process of chemical precipitation. (hindawi.com)

The production of chemical substances that do not normally occur in nature has long been tried, such as the synthesis of sulfuric and nitric acids attributed to the controversial alchemist Jābir ibn Hayyān . (wikipedia.org)
Artificial HAp of high biocompatibility and bioactivity can easily be synthesized by wet chemical precipitation or sol-gel synthesis as well as by solid-state reaction [ 2 ]. (mdpi.com)

Hemp protein was isolated from hemp seed meal using two different isolation procedures: alkali extraction/isoelectric precipitation (HPI) and micellization (HMI). (usda.gov)
However, precipitation is not observed with alkali-earth metals such as Ca2+ and Mg2+. (biomedsearch.com)

In this method, polyethylene glycol precipitation of formed 3H-DNA/antiDNA complexes is used instead of the ammonium sulfate precipitation used in the Farr assay. (nih.gov)

[3] Precipitation is also useful in purifying products: crude bmim-Cl is taken up in acetonitrile , and dropped into ethyl acetate, where it precipitates. (wikipedia.org)

The degradation of organic compounds was analysed by chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). (environmental-expert.com)

Chemical precipitation method was used in order to synthesize CdSe:Ag quantum dots (2-3 nm). (ac.ir)
Another method to improve chemical reaction is ultraviolet radiation. (iea-shc.org)

Precipitation is the process of conversion of a chemical substance into a solid from a solution by converting the substance into an insoluble form or a super-saturated solution. (wikipedia.org)
treatment of a substance by heat, radiation, or activating reagent to produce a more complete or rapid chemical or physical change. (hach.com)
In a precipitation reaction , an insoluble substance forms and separates from the solution. (wikibooks.org)

Sometimes the formation of a precipitate indicates the occurrence of a chemical reaction. (wikipedia.org)

Chemical precipitation is used to remove dissolved metals from solutions, such as process wastewaters containing toxic metals. (skelleftea.se)
When the solid appears in the form of cellulose fibers which have been through chemical processing, the process is often referred to as regeneration . (wikipedia.org)
An important stage of the precipitation process is the onset of nucleation . (wikipedia.org)
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. (wikipedia.org)
The process by which rocks are broken down because of chemical interactions with the environment is called chemical weathering. (prezi.com)

Chemical precipitation is used for removal of both impurities and wanted metals from leaching solutions. (skelleftea.se)

Forest soil chemical properties, and methods to measure these properties, often differ from. (usda.gov)
Structural, functional and nutritional properties of protein recovered from brown seaweed, S. latissima with alkaline solubilization/isoelectric precipitation as a function of different post-harvest stabilization methods were studied. (usda.gov)
This study demonstrated that relatively small adjustments to processing conditions of different wet chemical preparation methods significantly affect the morphological and chemical characteristics of nHA. (duhnnae.com)
One of the earliest satisfactory methods of clarification, by chemical precipitation. (scribd.com)

The insight gained in this work may help to better understand the diffusion properties and precipitation patterns in tubular iron (hydr)oxide/silicate structures observed in geological environments and during steel corrosion. (rsc.org)
The stable isotope ({delta}D/{delta}{sup 18}O) results record seasonal variations in precipitation as the weather patterns shift from sources in the Pacific Ocean to sources in the Gulf of Mexico. (unt.edu)

Hazardous Substances by Chemical Class. (routledge.com)
Documentation of the threshold limit values: For chemical substances in the work environment. (cdc.gov)
Thermally powered membrane distillation could likewise be a solution when trying to separate water from other substances, such as galvanising chemicals. (iea-shc.org)

For example, the precipitation of copper (Cu) hydroxide is accomplished by adjusting the pH of the water to above 8, using precipitant chemicals such as lime (Ca(OH) 2 ) or sodium hydroxide (N a OH). (encyclopedia.com)

Most ores are the chemical compound of the metal and other elements, such as oxygen (as an oxide), sulfur (as a sulfide), or carbon and oxygen together (as a carbonate). (wikipedia.org)

2000). In practice, engineering calculations frequently use an empirical precipitation model (WEF 1998). (ingentaconnect.com)

the largest chemical P removal plant in the world, showed that residuals as low as 10 μgP/L OP were regularly achieved, over a wider pH range. (ingentaconnect.com)
Heavy metals removal by chemical precipitation. (eponline.com)
The formaldehyde and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates are 90% and 56%, respectively. (hindawi.com)

Turbidity is mainly influenced by precipitation and algae. (diva-portal.org)
chemical agent added to water to destroy algae. (hach.com)

Odor as an aid to chemical safety: Odor thresholds compared with threshold limit values and volatilities for 214 industrial chemicals in air and water dilution. (cdc.gov)

This lesson will demonstrate how to identify a precipitation reaction and determine whether or not it will occur by using several examples. (sophia.org)
Precipitation may also occur rapidly from a supersaturated solution. (wikipedia.org)

Chemical profile of ants adapts rapidly (uni-mainz.de)

Anatomy1

Organisms3

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes21

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science2

Health Care13

Basic homopolyamino acids, histones and protamines are potent antagonists of angiogenin binding to ribonuclease inhibitor. (1/2034)

Clinical and immunochemical study of the serum IgG fraction not precipitated in a zinc-sodium salicylate reagent. (2/2034)

Prion domain initiation of amyloid formation in vitro from native Ure2p. (3/2034)

Survey of total error of precipitation and homogeneous HDL-cholesterol methods and simultaneous evaluation of lyophilized saccharose-containing candidate reference materials for HDL-cholesterol. (4/2034)

Clusterin has chaperone-like activity similar to that of small heat shock proteins. (5/2034)

A novel strategy for the preparation of liposomes: rapid solvent exchange. (6/2034)

von Willebrand factor contained in a high purity FVIII concentrate (Fanhdi) binds to platelet glycoproteins and supports platelet adhesion to subendothelium under flow conditions. (7/2034)

A novel class of lipophilic quinazoline-based folic acid analogues: cytotoxic agents with a folate-independent locus. (8/2034)

Chemical Precipitation

Rain

Fractional Precipitation

Climate

Chemical Phenomena

Molecular Weight

Models, Chemical

Snow

Ammonium Sulfate

Phosphotungstic Acid

Calcium Carbonate

Temperature

Immunodiffusion

Weather

Kinetics

Ultracentrifugation

Climate Change

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Chromatography, Gel

Chemistry

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Solubility

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Chromatography, Ion Exchange

Chromatography

Organic Chemicals

Immunoelectrophoresis

Multiple Chemical Sensitivity

Seasons

Molecular Sequence Data

Amino Acids

Ecosystem

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Methods

Chemical Industry

Hydrology

Soil

Desert Climate

Chemical Warfare

Water Pollutants, Chemical

Chemical Fractionation

Atmosphere

Amino Acid Sequence

Molecular Structure

Antigen-Antibody Complex

Hazardous Substances

Inorganic Chemicals

Trees

Tropical Climate

Burns, Chemical

Water

Rabbits

Immune Sera

Drug Stability

Cattle

Hot Temperature

Environmental Monitoring

Trichloroacetic Acid

Chromatography, Affinity

Carbohydrates

Geography

Polyethylene Glycols

Basic homopolyamino acids, histones and protamines are potent antagonists of angiogenin binding to ribonuclease inhibitor. (1/2034)

Clinical and immunochemical study of the serum IgG fraction not precipitated in a zinc-sodium salicylate reagent. (2/2034)

Prion domain initiation of amyloid formation in vitro from native Ure2p. (3/2034)

Survey of total error of precipitation and homogeneous HDL-cholesterol methods and simultaneous evaluation of lyophilized saccharose-containing candidate reference materials for HDL-cholesterol. (4/2034)

Clusterin has chaperone-like activity similar to that of small heat shock proteins. (5/2034)

A novel strategy for the preparation of liposomes: rapid solvent exchange. (6/2034)

von Willebrand factor contained in a high purity FVIII concentrate (Fanhdi) binds to platelet glycoproteins and supports platelet adhesion to subendothelium under flow conditions. (7/2034)

A novel class of lipophilic quinazoline-based folic acid analogues: cytotoxic agents with a folate-independent locus. (8/2034)

The implement of the electro-static and magnetic precipitation technique through the centeral air-conditioning systems on...

DNA Precipitation: Ethanol vs. Isopropanol - Bitesize Bio

Protein precipitation methods

Development and validation of a LC-MS/MS method based on a new 96-well Hybrid-SPE™-precipitation technique for quantification...

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protein precipitation

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Wisconsin Fast Plants® Acid Precipitation Classroom Kit Refill | Carolina.com

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$A Bacillus subtilis cell fraction (BCF) inducing calcium carbonate precipitation: biotechnological perspectives for monumental...$ A Bacillus subtilis cell fraction (BCF) inducing calcium carbonate precipitation: biotechnological perspectives for monumental...