Cesium
Cesium Radioisotopes
Cesium Isotopes
Water Pollutants, Radioactive
Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Centrifugation, Density Gradient
Metals, Alkali
Spectrometry, Gamma
Strophanthins
Potassium
An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
Radiation Monitoring
The observation, either continuously or at intervals, of the levels of radiation in a given area, generally for the purpose of assuring that they have not exceeded prescribed amounts or, in case of radiation already present in the area, assuring that the levels have returned to those meeting acceptable safety standards.
Rubidium
Laboratory Chemicals
Centrifugation, Isopycnic
A technique used to separate particles according to their densities in a continuous density gradient. The sample is usually mixed with a solution of known gradient materials and subjected to centrifugation. Each particle sediments to the position at which the gradient density is equal to its own. The range of the density gradient is usually greater than that of the sample particles. It is used in purifying biological materials such as proteins, nucleic acids, organelles, and cell types.
Radioactive Hazard Release
Chernobyl Nuclear Accident
Potassium Radioisotopes
Membrane Potentials
The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).
Chalcogens
Germanium
Crown Ethers
Macrocyclic polyethers with the repeating unit of (-CH2-CH2-O)n where n is greater than 2 and some oxygens may be replaced by nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus. These compounds are useful for coordinating CATIONS. The nomenclature uses a prefix to indicate the size of the ring and a suffix for the number of heteroatoms.
Zeolites
Decapodiformes
Lithium
Nostoc commune
Potassium Channels
Sodium
Ion Channels
Radioactive Fallout
Densitometry
Barium
Centrifugation, Zonal
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Scintillation Counting
Action Potentials
Ultracentrifugation
Centrifugation
Process of using a rotating machine to generate centrifugal force to separate substances of different densities, remove moisture, or simulate gravitational effects. It employs a large motor-driven apparatus with a long arm, at the end of which human and animal subjects, biological specimens, or equipment can be revolved and rotated at various speeds to study gravitational effects. (From Websters, 10th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
DNA, Circular
Any of the covalently closed DNA molecules found in bacteria, many viruses, mitochondria, plastids, and plasmids. Small, polydisperse circular DNA's have also been observed in a number of eukaryotic organisms and are suggested to have homology with chromosomal DNA and the capacity to be inserted into, and excised from, chromosomal DNA. It is a fragment of DNA formed by a process of looping out and deletion, containing a constant region of the mu heavy chain and the 3'-part of the mu switch region. Circular DNA is a normal product of rearrangement among gene segments encoding the variable regions of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains, as well as the T-cell receptor. (Riger et al., Glossary of Genetics, 5th ed & Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Cations
Electrophysiology
Patch-Clamp Techniques
An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.
Ionic currents underlying spontaneous action potentials in isolated cerebellar Purkinje neurons. (1/1232)
Acutely dissociated cell bodies of mouse Purkinje neurons spontaneously fired action potentials at approximately 50 Hz (25 degrees C). To directly measure the ionic currents underlying spontaneous activity, we voltage-clamped the cells using prerecorded spontaneous action potentials (spike trains) as voltage commands and used ionic substitution and selective blockers to isolate individual currents. The largest current flowing during the interspike interval was tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current (approximately -50 pA between -65 and -60 mV). Although the neurons had large voltage-dependent calcium currents, the net current blocked by cobalt substitution for calcium was outward at all times during spike trains. Thus, the electrical effect of calcium current is apparently dominated by rapidly activated calcium-dependent potassium currents. Under current clamp, all cells continued firing spontaneously (though approximately 30% more slowly) after block of T-type calcium current by mibefradil, and most cells continued to fire after block of all calcium current by cobalt substitution. Although the neurons possessed hyperpolarization-activated cation current (Ih), little current flowed during spike trains, and block by 1 mM cesium had no effect on firing frequency. The outward potassium currents underlying the repolarization of the spikes were completely blocked by 1 mM TEA. These currents deactivated quickly (<1 msec) after each spike. We conclude that the spontaneous firing of Purkinje neuron cell bodies depends mainly on tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current flowing between spikes. The high firing rate is promoted by large potassium currents that repolarize the cell rapidly and deactivate quickly, thus preventing strong hyperpolarization and restoring a high input resistance for subsequent depolarization. (+info)Electrostatic interactions during activation of coagulation factor IX via the tissue factor pathway: effect of univalent salts. (2/1232)
Interaction between the Gla-domain of coagulation proteins and negatively charged phospholipid membranes is essential for blood coagulation reactions. The interaction is calcium-dependent and mediated both by electrostatic and hydrophobic forces. This report focuses on the electrostatic component of factor IX activation via the extrinsic pathway. Effective charges during the reaction are measured by ionic titration of activity, according to the Debye-Huckel and Gouy-Chapman models. Rates of activation decrease with ionic strength independently of the type of monovalent salt used to control ionic strength. Moreover, the effect of ionic strength decreases at concentrations of charged phospholipid approaching saturation levels, indicating that membrane charges participate directly in the ionic interaction measured. The effective charge on calcium-bound factor IX during activation on phospholipid membranes is 0.95+/-0.1. Possible sites mediating contacts between the Gla-domain and membranes are selected by geometrical criteria in several metal-bound Gla-domain structures. A pocket with a solvent opening-pore of area 24-38 A2 is found in the Gla-domain of factors IX, VII, and prothrombin. The pocket contains atoms with negative partial charges, including carboxylate oxygens from Gla residues, and has a volume of 57-114 A3, sufficient to accommodate additional calcium atoms. These studies demonstrate that electrostatic forces modify the activity coefficient of factor IX during functional interactions and suggest a conserved pocket motif as the contact site between the calcium-bound Gla-domain and charged membranes. (+info)Modulation of slow inactivation in human cardiac Kv1.5 channels by extra- and intracellular permeant cations. (3/1232)
1. The properties and regulation of slow inactivation by intracellular and extracellular cations in the human heart K+ channel hKv1.5 have been investigated. Extensive NH2- and COOH-terminal deletions outside the central core of transmembrane domains did not affect the degree of inactivation. 2. The voltage dependence of steady-state inactivation curves of hKv1.5 channels was unchanged in Rb+ and Cs+, compared with K+, but biexponential inactivation over 10 s was reduced from approximately 100 % of peak current in Na+ to approximately 65 % in K+, approximately 50 % in Rb+ and approximately 30 % in Cs+. This occurred as a result of a decrease in both fast and slow components of inactivation, with little change in inactivation time constants. 3. Changes in extracellular cation species and concentration (5-300 mM) had only small effects on the rates of inactivation and recovery from inactivation (tau recovery approximately 1 s). Mutation of residues at a putative regulatory site at R487 in the outer pore mouth did not affect slow inactivation or recovery from inactivation of hKv1.5, although sensitivity to extracellular TEA was conferred. 4. Symmetrical reduction of both intra- and extracellular cation concentrations accelerated and augmented both components of inactivation of K+ (Kd = 34.7 mM) and Cs+ (Kd = 20.5 mM) currents. These effects could be quantitatively accounted for by unilateral reduction of intracellular K+ (K+i) (Kd = 43.4 mM) or Cs+i with constant 135 mM external ion concentrations. 5. We conclude that inactivation and recovery from inactivation in hKv1.5 were not typically C-type in nature. However, the ion species dependence of inactivation was still closely coupled to ion permeation through the pore. Intracellular ion modulatory actions were more potent than extracellular actions, although still of relatively low affinity. These results suggest the presence of ion binding sites capable of regulating inactivation located on both intracellular and extracellular sides of the pore selectivity filter. (+info)Gating current studies reveal both intra- and extracellular cation modulation of K+ channel deactivation. (4/1232)
1. The presence of permeant ions can modulate the rate of gating charge return in wild-type human heart K+ (hKv1.5) channels. Here we employ gating current measurements in a non-conducting mutant, W472F, of the hKv1.5 channel to investigate how different cations can modulate charge return and whether the actions can be specifically localized at the internal as well as the external mouth of the channel pore. 2. Intracellular cations were effective at accelerating charge return in the sequence Cs+ > Rb+ > K+ > Na+ > NMG+. Extracellular cations accelerated charge return with the selectivity sequence Cs+ > Rb+ > Na+ = NMG+. 3. Intracellular and extracellular cation actions were of relatively low affinity. The Kd for preventing slowing of the time constant of the off-gating current decay (tau off) was 20.2 mM for intracellular Cs+ (Cs+i) and 358 mM for extracellular Cs+ (Cs+o). 4. Both intracellular and extracellular cations can regulate the rate of charge return during deactivation of hKv1.5, but intracellular cations are more effective. We suggest that ion crystal radius is an important determinant of this action, with larger ions preventing slowing more effectively. Important parallels exist with cation-dependent modulation of slow inactivation of ionic currents in this channel. However, further experiments are required to understand the exact relationship between acceleration of charge return and the slowing of inactivation of ionic currents by cations. (+info)Kir2.1 encodes the inward rectifier potassium channel in rat arterial smooth muscle cells. (5/1232)
1. The molecular nature of the strong inward rectifier K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle was explored by using isolated cell RT-PCR, cDNA cloning and expression techniques. 2. RT-PCR of RNA from single smooth muscle cells of rat cerebral (basilar), coronary and mesenteric arteries revealed transcripts for Kir2.1. Transcripts for Kir2.2 and Kir2.3 were not found. 3. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed significant differences in transcript levels of Kir2.1 between the different vascular preparations (n = 3; P < 0.05). A two-fold difference was detected between Kir2.1 mRNA and beta-actin mRNA in coronary arteries when compared with relative levels measured in mesenteric and basilar preparations. 4. Kir2.1 was cloned from rat mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells and expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Currents were strongly inwardly rectifying and selective for K+. 5. The effect of extracellular Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cs2+ ions on cloned Kir2.1 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes was examined. Ba2+ and Cs+ block were steeply voltage dependent, whereas block by external Ca2+ and Mg2+ exhibited little voltage dependence. The apparent half-block constants and voltage dependences for Ba2+, Cs+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were very similar for inward rectifier K+ currents from native cells and cloned Kir2.1 channels expressed in oocytes. 6. Molecular studies demonstrate that Kir2.1 is the only member of the Kir2 channel subfamily present in vascular arterial smooth muscle cells. Expression of cloned Kir2.1 in Xenopus oocytes resulted in inward rectifier K+ currents that strongly resemble those that are observed in native vascular arterial smooth muscle cells. We conclude that Kir2.1 encodes for inward rectifier K+ channels in arterial smooth muscle. (+info)Properties and functional roles of hyperpolarization-gated currents in guinea-pig retinal rods. (6/1232)
1. The inward rectification induced by membrane hyperpolarization was studied in adult guinea-pig rods by the perforated-patch-clamp technique. 2. CsCl blocked the rectification observed in both voltage- and current-clamp recordings at voltages negative to -60 mV, while BaCl2 blocked the inward relaxation observed at voltages positive to -60 mV. The current activated at -90 mV had a low selectivity between sodium and potassium and reversed at -31.0 mV. 3. These observations suggest that two inward rectifiers are present in guinea-pig rods: a hyperpolarization-activated (Ih) and a hyperpolarization-deactivated (Ikx) current. The functional roles of Ih and Ikx were evaluated by stimulating rods with currents sinusoidally modulated in time. 4. Rods behave like bandpass amplifiers, with a peak amplification of 1.5 at about 2 Hz. For hyperpolarizations that mainly gate Ikx, amplification and phase shifts are fully accounted for by a rod membrane analogue model that includes an inductance. For hyperpolarizations that also gate Ih, a harmonic distortion became apparent. 5. Bandpass filtering and amplification of rod signals, associated with Ih and Ikx gating by membrane hyperpolarization, are strategically located to extend, beyond the limits imposed by the slow phototransductive cascade, the temporal resolution of signals spreading to the rod synapse. (+info)Mechanisms of delta-hexachlorocyclohexane toxicity: II. Evidence for Ca2+-dependent K+-selective ionophore activity. (7/1232)
delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH) interacts with cardiac ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ channels (RyR2), accounting in part for altered Ca2+ transients and contractility (reported in companion report). Analysis of channel gating kinetics in the presence of delta-HCH also revealed a nonfluctuating membrane current that remained even after RyR2 channels were blocked. We further elucidated the nature of a direct interaction between delta-HCH and biological membranes by measuring ionic currents across planar lipid bilayers made from defined lipids lacking cellular protein using voltage-clamp. Dimethyl sulfoxide, in the presence or absence of 50 microM gamma-HCH (lindane) or delta-HCH, produced negligible steady-state current with symmetric 100 mM CsCl in the range of +/-50 mV. However, the addition of 50 microM Ca2+ to the bilayer chamber in the presence of delta-HCH induced a profound increase in ionic permeability that was not seen in the presence of gamma-HCH or dimethyl sulfoxide control. Significantly, the permeability increase 1) was proportional with increasing Ca2+ to approximately 600 microM and saturated between 1 and 2 mM Ca2+ regardless of holding potential, 2) occurred only when delta-HCH and Ca2+ were added to the same side of the membrane, and 3) was independent of the order of addition or of the side of the membrane to which delta-HCH and Ca2+ was added. The Ca2+-dependent current produced by delta-HCH was highly selective for monovalent cations (K+ >> Cs+ > Na+), with negligible conductance for Ca2+ or Cl-. In symmetric 100 mM K+, the conductance induced with 50 microM concentration each of delta-HCH and Ca2+ was 4.25 pA/mV. The results show that delta-HCH increases the ionic permeability of phospholipid membranes by two distinct Ca2+-dependent mechanisms: one mediated through RyR and the other mediated by a unique ionophore activity. (+info)Coordinate regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal firing patterns by cytosolic calcium and store depletion. (8/1232)
Elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in excitable cells often acts as a negative feedback signal on firing of action potentials and the associated voltage-gated Ca2+ influx. Increased [Ca2+]i stimulates Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels (IK-Ca), and this, in turn, hyperpolarizes the cell and inhibits Ca2+ influx. However, in some cells expressing IK-Ca the elevation in [Ca2+]i by depletion of intracellular stores facilitates voltage-gated Ca2+ influx. This phenomenon was studied in hypothalamic GT1 neuronal cells during store depletion caused by activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors and inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (Ca2+)ATPase with thapsigargin. GnRH induced a rapid spike increase in [Ca2+]i accompanied by transient hyperpolarization, followed by a sustained [Ca2+]i plateau during which the depolarized cells fired with higher frequency. The transient hyperpolarization was caused by the initial spike in [Ca2+]i and was mediated by apamin-sensitive IK-Ca channels, which also were operative during the subsequent depolarization phase. Agonist-induced depolarization and increased firing were independent of [Ca2+]i and were not mediated by inhibition of K+ current, but by facilitation of a voltage-insensitive, Ca2+-conducting inward current. Store depletion by thapsigargin also activated this inward depolarizing current and increased the firing frequency. Thus, the pattern of firing in GT1 neurons is regulated coordinately by apamin-sensitive SK current and store depletion-activated Ca2+ current. This dual control of pacemaker activity facilitates voltage-gated Ca2+ influx at elevated [Ca2+]i levels, but also protects cells from Ca2+ overload. This process may also provide a general mechanism for the integration of voltage-gated Ca2+ influx into receptor-controlled Ca2+ mobilization. (+info)
Purification of Adenovirus by Cesium Chloride Density Gradients
Caesium - Wikipedia
Importance of dispersion in density functional calculations of cesium chloride and its related halides
Caesium acetate - Wikipedia
Cesium chloride, White powder/crystalline/beads, 99.99% (Metals basis), Alfa Aesar™ 50g Cesium chloride, White powder...
DigitalGlobe Maps API Cesium 3D Globe Javascript Sample Source Code by DigitalGlobe Followers | ProgrammableWeb
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Dangers of cesium chloride for cancer (The Truth in Medicine) 6/20/2009 1441684
cesium number of protons - 28 images - flw incorporated specialists in physical measurement, cesium, selenium symbol periodic...
Cesium nitrate, 99.99% (metals basis), Alfa Aesar™ 500g Cesium nitrate, 99.99% (metals basis), Alfa Aesar™
Cesium chloride techniques
Purification of rAAVs by Cesium Chloride Gradient Sedimentation
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time-nuts] Optical Cesium or maybe Cesium light!
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Cabot Corporation Increases Prices Globally for Fine Cesium Chemicals | Business Wire
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Convert a Collada tileset to Cesium 3D Tiles | Javascript | JSON | XML
Observation of sub-Doppler absorption in theΛ-type three-level Doppler-broadened cesium system | SpringerLink
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Protocol for Re-ethanol precipitation of already purified DNA - Molecular Biology
Nitrile (NBR) O ring 194.3mm ID x 5.7mm CS Nitrile (NBR) 40 ShA
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Rubidium chloride
Caesium chloride (cubic 8:8)[edit]. At high temperature and pressure, RbCl adopts the caesium chloride (CsCl) structure (NaCl ... Caesium chloride. Francium chloride Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 ° ...
NORAD Tracks Santa
has used their Cesium platform to build a 3D map for visualizing Santa's location with more accurate global terrain and ... Moore, Vanessa (December 5, 2017). "NORAD Santa Tracker Technology through the Years". Cesium. Retrieved December 21, 2017. " ...
Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination
"Princeton University Brings Historical Context to International Crises with Cesium". Cesium. Official website LISD on Facebook ...
Blacksun Festival
2008 (March 14-16) Assemblage 23 , The Azoic , Cesium 137) , Ego Likeness , Iris , Seabound , Zombie Girl , ... DJs: Ian Fford ... Cesium 137) , Razed In Black , Decoded Feedback , Iris , Bella Morte , Dismantled , Voltaire , Ego Likeness , Carfax Abbey , ...
Google Earth
"Moving GEFS Online from Google Earth to Cesium". Cesium Blog. "A galaxy of your own". Google-latlong.blogspot.com. September 30 ...
List of unproven and disproven cancer treatments
"Cesium Chloride". Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. 3 May 2012. Melnikov, P; Zanoni, LZ (June 2010). "Clinical effects of ... Caesium chloride - a toxic salt, promoted as a cancer cure (sometimes as "high pH therapy"), on the basis that it targets ... cesium intake". Biological Trace Element Research. 135 (1-3): 1-9. doi:10.1007/s12011-009-8486-7. PMID 19655100. S2CID 19186683 ...
History of watches
On the chip, liquid metal cesium in a tiny capsule is heated to vaporize the cesium. A laser shines a beam of infrared light ... Like other cesium clocks the watch keeps time with an ultraprecise 9.192631770 GHz microwave signal produced by electron ... The breakthrough that allowed a rack-sized cesium clock to be shrunk small enough to fit on a chip was a technique called ... When the oscillator is at the precise frequency of the transition, the cesium atoms absorb the light, reducing the output of ...
C.O.M.A.
Cesium 137 , Run Level Zero , Faderhead , Lights of Euphoria , Frozen Plasma , Rotersand , Covenant , Melotron , Unter Null ...
GeoFS
"Moving GEFS Online from Google Earth to Cesium". Cesium Blog. • GeoFS Official Twitter v t e. ... GeoFS is a multi-platform amateur flight simulator based on the Cesium WebGL Virtual Globe. The free map is based on images ...
Spectral line
... and caesium. Spectral lines also depend on the physical conditions of the gas, so they are widely used to determine the ...
List of spacecraft with electric propulsion
Cesium. USAF. EOS. Suborbital, experimental test (4 min operation) Snapshot. 3 Apr 1965. Ion engine. 1. Cesium. USAF/Army. EOS ... Cesium. USAF/NASA. EOS. Experimental SERT 2. 3 Feb 1970. Ion engine. 2. Mercury. NASA. NASA/Westinghouse. (Experimental), ... Cesium. USAF. EOS. Suborbital, experimental test (19 min operation) Zond 2. 30 Nov 1964. 14 May 1965. Pulsed plasma thruster. ... Cesium. NASA. EOS. Experimental 92 hours operation Meteor-Priroda 1 (Meteor 1-18). 9 Jul 1974. Hall effect thruster. 2. SPT-60 ...
Composition of the human body
Some of these elements are thought to be simple bystander contaminants without function (examples: caesium, titanium), while ...
Alkali metal
Caesium compounds are rarely encountered by most people, but most caesium compounds are mildly toxic. Like rubidium, caesium ... Caesium-137 has been used as a tracer in hydrologic studies, analogous to the use of tritium. Small amounts of caesium-134 and ... Rubidium and caesium are often used in atomic clocks. Caesium atomic clocks are extraordinarily accurate; if a clock had been ... As such, caesium is not a major chemical environmental pollutant. The median lethal dose (LD50) value for caesium chloride in ...
Brainiac: Science Abuse
In no case were the rubidium and caesium reactions nearly as violent or explosive as depicted on Brainiac. An earlier and more ... Caesium. The Periodic Table of Videos. "Alkali metals". OpenLearn. JGrantMedia.com Archived 4 October 2008 at the Wayback ... Similar experiments with caesium or rubidium have been repeated; these include Popular Science columnist Theodore Gray's ... According to Tom Pringle, Brainiac's "Dr Bunhead", very little occurred in the real reaction of caesium and water, as the large ...
Sodium hydroxide
Caesium hydroxide. Lithium hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide. Rubidium hydroxide Except where otherwise noted, data are given for ...
Rubidium azide
At 315 °C and 1 atm, rubidium azide will transition to the normal cesium chloride structure. The II/I transition temperature of ... At room temperature, rubidium azide has the same structure as potassium hydrogen fluoride; a distorted cesium chloride ... Cesium and Francium: Pergamon Texts in Inorganic Chemistry. Online: Pergamon Press. p. 438. ISBN 9781483187570. Retrieved 31 ...
List of atomic clocks
"Caesium Beam Atomic Clock". The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Retrieved 2013-02-14. "History of ... Lee, Ho Seong; Kwon, Taeg Yong; Park, Sang Eon; Choi, Sang-Kyung; Park, Young-Ho (August 2004). "Research on Cesium Atomic ... Newman, Michael E. (1999-12-29). "NIST-F1 Cesium Fountain Clock". NIST News. The National Institute of Standards and Technology ... Takamizawa, A.; Yanagimachi, S.; Shirakawa, Y.; Watabe, K.; Hagimoto, K.; Ikegami, T., "Cesium Atomic Fountain Clocks at NMIJ ...
Chernobyl disaster
20 to 40% of all core caesium-137 was released, 85 PBq in all. Caesium was released in aerosol form; caesium-137, along with ... The four most harmful radionuclides spread from Chernobyl were iodine-131, caesium-134, caesium-137 and strontium-90, with half ... caesium and strontium. Iodine-131 was and caesium-137 remains the two most responsible for the radiation exposure received by ... 8.5×1016 Bq equals 24 kilograms of caesium-137. Cs-137 has a half-life of 30 years. Tellurium-132, half-life 78 hours, an ...
Perchloratoborate
However, if caesium perchloratoborate is heated the decomposition becomes exothermic above 90 °C, and at 100 °C it explodes ... B(ClO4)3 + ClO− 4 → B(ClO 4)− 4 Caesium perchloratoborate is hydroscopic. It has a density of 2.5 g/cm3. It has no colour. ... Rosolovskii, V. Ya.; V. P. Babaeva (1971). "Some properties of cesium perchloratoborate". Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences ... Infrared absorption bands are observed in caesium perchloratoborate at 640 and 1,087 cm−1. Potassium perchloratoborate has ...
Time
One of the atoms used is caesium, most modern atomic clocks probe caesium with microwaves to determine the frequency of these ... Cesium Atoms at Work Archived 23 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine USNO, downloaded 28 June 2016. IEC 60050-113:2011, item ... At its 1997 meeting, the CIPM affirmed that this definition refers to a caesium atom in its ground state at a temperature of 0 ... Since 1967, the International System of Measurements bases its unit of time, the second, on the properties of caesium atoms. SI ...
Median lethal dose
Moskalev YI (1961). "Biological Effects of Cesium-137". In Lebedinskiĭ AV, Moskalev YI (eds.). Distribution, Biological Effects ...
Weak charge
Dzuba, V. A.; Berengut, J. C.; Flambaum, V. V.; Roberts, B. (2012). "Revisiting Parity Nonconservation in Cesium". Physical ...
Timeline of chemical element discoveries
"55 Caesium". Elements.vanderkrogt.net. Retrieved 2008-09-12. Caesium Archived 2012-03-09 at the Wayback Machine "37 Rubidium". ...
List of inorganic compounds
Caesium sulfate - Cs2SO4. Ca[edit]. *Calcium bromide - CaBr2 ...
Tanco Mine
The caesium brine is converted into caesium formate which is used mostly as additive for drilling fluids to increase the ... Tanco Mine or Bernic Lake mine is an underground caesium and tantalum mine, owned and operated by Sinomine on the north west ... A concentrated solution of caesium formate has a density of 2.3 g/cm3. The mine has the largest tantalum reserves in Canada ... The mine has the largest known deposit of pollucite and is also the world's largest producer of caesium. The pegmatite ore body ...
Tellurium
Taft, E.; Apker, L. (1953-02-01). "Photoemission from Cesium and Rubidium Tellurides". JOSA. 43 (2): 81-83. Bibcode:1953JOSA... ... Spectral Response of Cesium Telluride and Rubidium Telluride Photocathodes for the Production of Highly Charged Electron ...
History of timekeeping devices
The first accurate atomic clock, a caesium standard based on a certain transition of the caesium-133 atom, was built by Louis ... Calibration of the caesium standard atomic clock was carried out by the use of the astronomical time scale ephemeris time (ET ... The cesium atomic clock, maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, is accurate to 30 billionths of a ... "What is a Cesium Atomic Clock?". National Research Council Canada. Retrieved March 4, 2015. Davies, Norman; p. 435 "Julien Le ...
Thallium(I) iodide
Schulz, L. G. (1951). "Polymorphism of cesium and thallium halides". Acta Crystallographica. 4 (6): 487-489. doi:10.1107/ ...
Rubidium
Both of those deposits are also sources of caesium. Although rubidium is more abundant in Earth's crust than caesium, the ... the enrichment is far less effective than that of caesium. Zone pegmatite ore bodies containing mineable quantities of caesium ... "Cesium and Rubidium Hit Market". Chemical & Engineering News. 37 (22): 50-56. 1959. doi:10.1021/cen-v037n022.p050. Kirchhoff, G ... Rubidium & Cesium/ Reactions with Oxygen Ohly, Julius (1910). "Rubidium". Analysis, detection and commercial value of the rare ...
Thallium(I) bromide
Haynes, p. 4.94 Haynes, p. 4.135 Haynes, p. 10.242 Schulz, L. G. (1951). "Polymorphism of cesium and thallium halides". Acta ...
Cesium | ToxFAQs™ | ATSDR
Stable (non-radioactive) cesium has been found in at least 10 of the 1,585 National Priority List (NPL) sites identified by the ... High levels of radioactive cesium can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding, coma, and even death. This may occur after ... Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Radioactive cesium has been found in at least 22 of the 1,585 NPL sites identified by ... Exposure to stable or radioactive cesium occurs from ingesting contaminated food or drinking water or breathing contaminated ...
Caesium - Wikipedia
The high density of the caesium ion makes solutions of caesium chloride, caesium sulfate, and caesium trifluoroacetate (Cs(O. 2 ... Caesium-134, and to a lesser extent caesium-135, have also been used in hydrology to measure the caesium output by the nuclear ... 2O) may contain only 0.002% caesium. Consequently, caesium is found in few minerals. Percentage amounts of caesium may be found ... This solution can be evaporated to produce caesium chloride or transformed into caesium alum or caesium carbonate. Though not ...
Cesium 137 | Encyclopedia.com
... of the metallic element cesium. Cesium-137 is one of the major products formed when uranium undergoes nuclear fission , as in a ... nuclear reactor or nuclear weapons . Source for information on Cesium 137: Environmental Encyclopedia dictionary. ... Cesium 137. A radioactive isotope of the metallic element cesium. Cesium-137 is one of the major products formed when uranium ... Cesium 137 Environmental Encyclopedia COPYRIGHT 2003 The Gale Group Inc.. ...
Cesium | Toxicological Profile | ATSDR
Caesium
... or cesium[note 1] (. /ˈsiːziəm/ SEE-zee-əm) is the chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a ... caesium-133. Caesium is mined mostly from pollucite, while the radioisotopes, especially caesium-137, are extracted from waste ... Since then, caesium has been widely used in atomic clocks.. Since the 1990s, the largest application of the element has been as ... The radioactive isotope caesium-137 has a half-life of about 30 years and is used in medical applications, industrial gauges, ...
Caesium auride - Wikipedia
Caesium auride (CsAu) is an ionic compound containing the unusual Au− ion first discovered in 1978 in the laboratory of Joseph ... It is obtained by heating a stoichiometric mixture of caesium and gold; the two metallic-yellow liquids react to give a clear ... The compound reacts violently with water, yielding caesium hydroxide, metallic gold, and hydrogen gas; in liquid ammonia it can ... be reacted with a caesium-specific ion exchange resin to produce tetramethylammonium auride. Kienast, Gerhard; Verma, Jitendra ...
Caesium
The primary compounds of caesium are caesium chloride and its nitrate. The price of caesium metal in 1997 was about $US 30 per ... Caesium (also spelled cesium, IPA: /ˈsiːziəm/) is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Cs and atomic ... Caesium. 2007 Schools Wikipedia Selection. Related subjects: Chemical elements. 55. xenon ← caesium → barium. ... Caesium fluoride is widely used in organic chemistry as a base and as a source of anhydrous fluoride ion.*Caesium vapor is used ...
Cesium hydroxide
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
Cesium iodide
CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards -
Cesium hydroxide
CDC Radiation Emergencies | Radioisotope Brief: Cesium-137 (Cs-137)
ICSC 1592 - CAESIUM HYDROXIDE
Cesium 137 (band) - Wikipedia
Cesium_137 is named after a radioactive isotope of caesium. It continues a tradition in industrial music of incorporating a ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Official Cesium_137 website Cesium_137 ... military and was no longer available as a member of Cesium_137. Cesium_137 had a hiatus of three years before their next ... Cesium_137s style was much mellower and synthpop inspired and less angst-ridden on these releases than on Advanced/Decay. In ...
cesium facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about cesium
Make research projects and school reports about cesium easy with credible articles from our FREE, online encyclopedia and ... Cesium carbonate and cesium fluoride are used to make specialty glasses. Cesium carbonate and cesium chloride are used in the ... Small amounts of cesium react with any air left in the bulb. It converts the gas into a solid cesium compound. Cesium is called ... Cesium Chemistry: Foundations and Applications COPYRIGHT 2004 The Gale Group, Inc.. Cesium. melting point: 28.5°C. boiling ...
Lasing in robust cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires | PNAS
Here, we report a new method for the production of high-quality cesium lead bromide and cesium lead chloride nanowires as well ... Lasing in cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires. Samuel W. Eaton, Minliang Lai, Natalie A. Gibson, Andrew B. Wong, Letian Dou ... Lasing in cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires. Samuel W. Eaton, Minliang Lai, Natalie A. Gibson, Andrew B. Wong, Letian Dou ... Lasing in robust cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires. Samuel W. Eaton, Minliang Lai, Natalie A. Gibson, Andrew B. Wong, ...
What Is Cesium Used For? | Reference.com
The diversity of uses for cesium are a result of its high number of isotopes, the most of any element.... ... Cesium has applications in vacuum tubes, atomic clocks, petroleum exploration and electronics. ... Cesium vapor is often a component of vapor lamps and lasers.. The cesium-133 isotope is part of some of the most accurate ... Cesium is relatively non-toxic in comparison to other drilling fluids. While cesium is expensive, it is reclaimable and ...
cesium chloride - Science-Based Medicine
Tag: cesium chloride. NaturopathyPharmaceuticalsPolitics and Regulation. FDA proposes ban on curcumin and other naturopathic ... Based on a thorough review of the evidence by experts, the FDA is proposing a ban on using curcumin, cesium chloride and other ... FDA blacklists cesium chloride, ineffective and dangerous naturopathic cancer treatment. The FDA recently issued an alert ... warning of significant safety risks associated with cesium chloride. It is a mineral salt promoted by naturopathic "doctors" ...
Cesium formate 98% | Sigma-Aldrich
Formic acid cesium salt; Linear Formula: CHCsO2; find Aldrich-433764 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, ... Cesium, Cesium Salts, Chemical Synthesis, Essential Chemicals, Inorganic Salts, Materials Science, Metal and Ceramic Science, ... Cesium formate 98%; CAS Number: 3495-36-1; EC Number: 222-492-8; Synonym: ...
Fukushima's Cesium Hiding Somewhere Unexpected
The theory is that cesium-137-contaminated waters reached these beaches in the wake of the disaster, that the cesium ... 2 of 17 minke whales caught off the Pacific coast of Hokkaido showed traces of radioactive cesium, both about 1/20th of the ... Per a press release, the cesium cant stick to sand under highly salty conditions, so as the brackish water becomes ... As the researchers write, Aside from the aquifer beneath [the plant], the highest recorded present-day activities of [cesium- ...
Radioactive Cesium Found In Meiji Baby Formula - Care2 News Network
Radioactive cesium of up to 30.8 becquerels per kilogram has been found in baby formula manufactured and sold by Meiji Co., ... Radioactive Cesium Found In Meiji Baby Formula. Health & Wellness (tags: radioactive cesium, infant formula, Meiji Co., Japan, ... Radioactive cesium of up to 30.8 becquerels per kilogram has been found in baby formula manufactured and sold by Meiji Co., ... Radioactive Cesium Found In Meiji Baby Formula. ...
IsoRay's Cesium-131 seeds provides successful for brain cancer treatment
Higher levels of Fukushima cesium detected offshore | EurekAlert! Science News
The level of cesium in the sample is 50 percent higher than other samples collected, but is still more than 500 times lower ... The isotope cesium-134 is the "fingerprint" of Fukushima, but, with a 2-year half-life, it decays much quicker than cesium-137 ... Almost any seawater sample from the Pacific will show traces of cesium-137, an isotope of cesium with a 30-year half-life, some ... Higher levels of Fukushima cesium detected offshore. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Funder. National Science Foundation ...
Cesium 137 - definition of cesium 137 by The Free Dictionary
Noun 1. cesium 137 - a radioactive isotope of cesium used in radiation therapy atomic number 55, caesium, cesium, Cs - a soft ... cesium 137 synonyms, cesium 137 pronunciation, cesium 137 translation, English dictionary definition of cesium 137. ... cesium 137 - a radioactive isotope of cesium used in radiation therapy. atomic number 55, caesium, cesium, Cs - a soft silver- ... cesium 137. Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Acronyms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.. Related to cesium 137: Chernobyl, cobalt 60 ...
Cesium Tantalate | AMERICAN ELEMENTS ®
Cesium Tantalate CsTaO3 bulk & research qty manufacturer. Properties, SDS, Applications, Price. Free samples program. Term ... Cesium. 55 Cs 132.905400000 Cesium See more Cesium products. Cesium (or Caesium) (atomic symbol: Ce, atomic number: 55) is a ... Cesium Tantalate Synonyms. Cesium metatantalate, cesium tantalum trioxide, Cesium tantalum oxide, Tantalate (TaO31-) cesium ... The cesium atom has a radius of 265 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 343 pm. Cesium is a member of the alkali group of metals. ...
Cesium Chromate | AMERICAN ELEMENTS ®
Cesium Chromate Cs2CrO4 bulk & research qty manufacturer. Properties, SDS, Applications, Price. Free samples program. Term ... 55 Cs 132.905400000 Cesium See more Cesium products. Cesium (or Caesium) (atomic symbol: Ce, atomic number: 55) is a Block S, ... The cesium atom has a radius of 265 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 343 pm. Cesium is a member of the alkali group of metals. ... About Cesium Chromate. Cesium Chromate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and ...
Cesium 137 - Metropolis Records
Proof Of Life gave thirteen reasons why Cesium_137 is one of the front runners in the trance-pop genre. Prior to the release of ... This demo, The Art of Controlling and Composing, brought Cesium_137 much success. Their hit song, "Language Without Lies," ... The disc was Cesium_137s first step into the professional arena and was incredibly popular in the underground Electro/Goth ... Simply put, Elemental was the dream Cesium_137 conjured into reality. It is a perfect synthesis of classic pop song structures ...
HydroxideChlorideIsotopesFormateFukushimaRubidiumCompoundsBariumAtomicIsotope of cesium137CsPeriodic tableFranciumPotassiumContaminated soilElementalAlkali metalFluidsReactiveGustav KirchhoffConcentration of cesiumPurity2019NuclearFormulaReactsSoilsLeast abundant of the fiveFluoroaluminateDecayBrachytherapyMineralArgonLevels of radioactive cesiumDrinking waterRadiationCarbonatePhysicalStrontiumAccumulateConcentrationsMethod for detectFissionBecquerels per literChemicalHighSynthesisIodineMetallicColourSodiumHalidesAmounts of cesiumExposure to cesiumLithiumDuctileAuride
Hydroxide7
- Cesium Hydroxide Monohydrate, purity min. (albemarle.com)
- Cesium hydroxide monohydrate acts as a base in organic synthesis. (albemarle.com)
- In water, Caesium violently reacts to make Caesium Hydroxide (2CsOH). (wikipedia.org)
- Chemical mechanical polishing compositions including an abrasive and cesium hydroxide and methods for polishing dielectric layers associated with integrated circuits using cesium hydroxide containing polishing compositions. (google.es)
- A chemical mechanical polishing composition comprising a fumed abrasive and from 0.01 to 5.0 wt% of cesium hydroxide. (google.es)
- A chemical mechanical polishing composition capable of polishing integrated circuits with gate widths less than 0.25 m comprising from 1 to 50 wt% of a metal oxide abrasive and from 0.01 to 5.0 wt% cesium hydroxide. (google.es)
- Caesium hydroxide is extremely corrosive and attack glass much faster than the other alkali hydroxides. (sciencemadness.org)
Chloride18
- Based on a thorough review of the evidence by experts, the FDA is proposing a ban on using curcumin, cesium chloride and other naturopathic favorites in compounded drugs. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
- The FDA recently issued an alert warning of significant safety risks associated with cesium chloride. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
- Cesium chloride is considered a potent cancer treatment for even stage four levels of cancer and cancer metastasized throughout the body, including lymphoma and leukemia. (naturalnews.com)
- Selling or purchasing cesium chloride is not illegal. (naturalnews.com)
- His research evolved into a protocol using cesium chloride. (naturalnews.com)
- Cesium chloride is one of a very few molecules that can penetrate cancer cells. (naturalnews.com)
- However, normal cells do not take in the cesium chloride. (naturalnews.com)
- Though one can administer cesium chloride after purchasing it, some guidance from the vendor is necessary. (naturalnews.com)
- Caesium chloride for example, melts at at 645 °C, while cesium metal boils at 671 °C, so without a sensitive temperature controller there's a risk of boiling the metal. (sciencemadness.org)
- The German scientist Hans Nieper has in the meantime shown that cesium chloride is effective in the management of most problematic tumors, e.g. of advanced brochogenic carcinoma with bone metastization. (digitalnaturopath.com)
- BACKGROUND: Intravenous injection of cesium chloride (Cs) causes ventricular tachyarrhythmias in rabbits. (biomedsearch.com)
- Computer model of a caesium chloride (CsCl) crystal. (sciencephoto.com)
- G. W. Day and P. M. Gruzensky, "Some Optical Properties of Cesium Cupric Chloride," Appl. (osapublishing.org)
- He has also followed up on the cesium chloride research of Dr. Keith Brewer and has successfully used cesium chloride therapy for years in the treatment of cancer. (newmediaexplorer.org)
- Seven-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats received a daily oral dose of 500 mg/kg cesium chloride and/or DML (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. (springer.com)
- Animals were killed 2 h after the last cesium chloride and/or DML treatment. (springer.com)
- Cesium chloride treatment significantly increased the levels of cesium in blood, and in the kidney and liver by 200 times or more, but the administration of DML did not show any significant effect on the levels of cesium in any tissue. (springer.com)
- Blood and tissue concentration of cesium after exposure to cesium chloride: a report of two cases. (springer.com)
Isotopes15
- The metal is extremely reactive and pyrophoric , reacting with water even at −116 °C (−177 °F). It is the least electronegative element that has stable isotopes, of which it has only one, caesium-133. (princeton.edu)
- One of its radioactive isotopes, cesium-137, is widely used in a variety of medical and industrial applications. (encyclopedia.com)
- A number of artificial radioactive isotopes of cesium are known also. (encyclopedia.com)
- The diversity of uses for cesium are a result of its high number of isotopes, the most of any element. (reference.com)
- The level of radioactive cesium isotopes in the sample, 11 Becquerel's per cubic meter of seawater (about 264 gallons), is 50 percent higher than other samples collected along the West Coast so far, but is still more than 500 times lower than US government safety limits for drinking water, and well below limits of concern for direct exposure while swimming, boating, or other recreational activities. (eurekalert.org)
- The appended maps describe the contamination of the radioactive isotopes cesium-134 and cesium-137 in topsoils in the depth of 0-12 cm. (berlin.de)
- Radioactive levels in seawater were 10 to 100 times higher than before the nuclear accident, particularly near the facility, suggesting that water containing strontium and cesium isotopes was still leaking into the Pacific Ocean. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Caesium has at least 39 known isotopes ranging in atomic mass from 112 to 151. (wikipedia.org)
- The amount of the long-lived radioactive isotope cesium-137, and the shorter-lived iodine-131, which have already escaped from the troubled Fukushima power plant in Japan may be significant, approaching emissions of these isotopes from the Chernobyl accident in 1986. (nature.com)
- Crucially, he points out, only a few highly volatile elements, such as iodine, cesium and xenon, have escaped from the Fukushima plant, whereas at Chernobyl the greater damage to the core caused substantial quantities of many other less-volatile isotopes to be released, leading to far higher total radiation levels. (nature.com)
- Unstable isotopes of cesium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (harvard.edu)
- Cs atoms with atomic weights of 123, 125-132, and 134-145 are radioactive cesium isotopes. (harvard.edu)
- Nor do these total numbers account for the release of other isotopes from lingering plant discharges, including strontium-90, which, although present in quantities much lower than cesium , is of concern: It accumulates in the bones offish that could be eaten. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Madigan and his team focused on the two cesium isotopes because they don't decay quickly, unlike other radioisotopes released by the Fukushima disaster. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Radioactive isotopes of iodine ( 131 I and 129 I) and cesium ( 137 Cs) are important contaminants present in nuclear waste. (nrc.gov)
Formate9
- Since the 1990s, the largest application of the element has been as caesium formate for drilling fluids , but it has a range of applications in the production of electricity, in electronics, and in chemistry. (wikipedia.org)
- Since the 1990s, the largest application of the element has been as caesium formate for drilling fluids . (princeton.edu)
- Probably the most widespread use of caesium today is in caesium formate-based drilling fluids for the oil industry. (mcgill.ca)
- The high density of the caesium formate brine (up to 2.3 sg,) coupled with the relative benignity of 133 Cs , reduces the requirement for toxic high-density suspended solids in the drilling fluid, which is a significant technological, engineering and environmental advantage. (mcgill.ca)
- Cesium formate plays an important part in petroleum exploration as a drilling fluid. (reference.com)
- The company is a leading provider of rubber and specialty carbons , activated carbon , inkjet colorants , cesium formate drilling fluids , fumed silica and aerogel . (businesswire.com)
- Most cesium demand comes from a niche use in the oil and gas business whereby cesium formate brines are added to drilling fluids to prevent blow-outs in high temperature, over-pressurized wells. (kitco.com)
- Caesium formate is used in oil drilling because of its high density . (wikipedia.org)
- Cesium compounds, such as cesium formate , are used as drilling fluids. (sciencemadness.org)
Fukushima16
- The young tuna were found to be contaminated with two radioactive forms of the element cesium from Fukushima. (newser.com)
- While Buesseler's work focuses on ocean chemistry and does not involve sampling of biological organisms, the InFORM scientists have done sampling of fish and have not seen any Fukushima cesium in fish collected in British Columbia. (eurekalert.org)
- The isotope cesium-134 is the "fingerprint" of Fukushima, but, with a 2-year half-life, it decays much quicker than cesium-137. (eurekalert.org)
- Scientists back calculate traces of cesium-134 to determine how much was actually released from Fukushima in 2011 and add to it an equal amount of cesium-137 that would have been released at the same time. (eurekalert.org)
- FUKUSHIMA - Tokyo Electric Power Co. said Tuesday it has detected radioactive cesium about 1 km off the coast of the crippled Fukushima No. 1 nuclear plant for the second time since it started the survey in August. (japantimes.co.jp)
- Levels of radioactive cesium-134 in a well at Fukushima nuclear power plant are up to 90 times higher than just three days ago, and may spread into the Pacific Ocean. (rt.com)
- The largest concern on the cesium-137 ( 137 Cs) deposition and its soil contamination due to the emission from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) showed up after a massive quake on March 11, 2011. (pnas.org)
- SENDAI - Levels of radioactive cesium in soil and on the ground of two forests in Miyagi Prefecture have risen since the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster started, according to results of a recent survey. (japantimes.co.jp)
- In forests about 60 km and 120 km north of the severely damaged Fukushima No. 1 power plant, cesium is believed to be accumulating in the soil as cesium-contaminated leaves fall to the ground and decompose. (japantimes.co.jp)
- In a forest in the town of Marumori closer to Fukushima, the average cesium level of 10 samples of fallen quills was 26,684 becquerels per kilogram in June 2012, but rose to 42,759 becquerels a year later. (japantimes.co.jp)
- The results differ from a study the Forestry Agency conducted in 2011 and 2012 in three municipalities in Fukushima Prefecture, which found levels of cesium increasing in soil but declining in fallen foliage. (japantimes.co.jp)
- Difference in the Cesium Body Contents of Affected Area Residents Depending on the Evacuation Timepoint Following the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster. (harvard.edu)
- In Fukushima Prefecture, the straw was found to contain up to 97,000 becquerels of radioactive cesium per kg. (thefreedictionary.com)
- 18 ( ANI ): A mountain trout caught in the Niida River in Fukushima Prefecture contained 11,400 becquerels of radioactive cesium per kilogram, more than 110 times above the government limit for food products, a survey by the Environment Ministry showed. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Internal structure of cesium-bearing radioactive microparticles released from Fukushima nuclear power plant. (globalresearch.ca)
- Since the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, the discharge of radioactive cesium , especially 137Cs (half-life: 30.17 years), into the environment has become a serious environmental problem. (phys.org)
Rubidium7
- [note 2] Caesium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium . (wikipedia.org)
- The chemistry of caesium is similar to that of other alkali metals, in particular rubidium, the element above caesium in the periodic table. (wikipedia.org)
- The Chemistry of Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, and Francium studies the physical and chemical properties of the elements listed in the title, including their chemical compounds and reactions. (elsevier.com)
- In its ionic form, caesium ions are extremely similar to potassium and rubidium ions, and its toxicity is just as low as the mentioned elements. (sciencemadness.org)
- Potassium , Rubidium, and especially Cesium. (digitalnaturopath.com)
- 1984.---Mass spectrographic and isotope studies have shown that potassium, rubidium, and especially cesium are most efficiently taken up by cancer cells. (newmediaexplorer.org)
- Tests on mice fed cesium and rubidium showed marked shrinkage in the tumor masses within 2 weeks. (newmediaexplorer.org)
Compounds8
- Most cesium compounds dissolve in water. (cdc.gov)
- In moist soils, most cesium compounds are very soluble. (cdc.gov)
- Working in industries that process or use natural cesium or cesium compounds. (cdc.gov)
- Laboratory animals given very large amounts of cesium compounds showed changes in behavior, such as increased or decreased activity. (cdc.gov)
- Nonradioactive caesium compounds are only mildly toxic , but the pure metal's tendency to react explosively with water means that caesium is considered a hazardous material, and the radioisotopes present a significant health and ecological hazard in the environment. (wikipedia.org)
- And now less than four weeks later, the Chinese are in control of the world's mine-to-market supply chain of cesium, including proprietary technologies to manufacture a variety of cesium compounds. (kitco.com)
- Caesium forms compounds with many other chemical elements . (wikipedia.org)
- Thirdly, that humic compounds in the peat soils chelate the caesium and hold it in solution. (europa.eu)
Barium2
- One way is to reduce caesium halides with a reactive metal such as calcium , barium , or lithium at 700-800 °C, followed by distillation of the caesium metal. (sciencemadness.org)
- Purer caesium metal can also be prepared by decomposing caesium azide in vacuum at 390 °C, which is prepared from caesium sulfate and barium azide . (sciencemadness.org)
Atomic13
- Because radioactive cesium emits ionizing radiation, carcinogenic effects similar to those observed in Japanese survivors of the atomic bombing incidents might be expected among individuals acutely exposed to very high levels of radiation from a radioactive cesium source. (cdc.gov)
- Caesium ( IUPAC spelling [6] ) ( also spelled cesium in American English ) [note 1] is a chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. (wikipedia.org)
- Since then, caesium has been widely used in highly accurate atomic clocks . (wikipedia.org)
- Cesium has applications in vacuum tubes, atomic clocks, petroleum exploration and electronics. (reference.com)
- The cesium-133 isotope is part of some of the most accurate atomic clocks in the world. (reference.com)
- The element that has the largest atomic radius is cesium. (reference.com)
- Cesium (or Caesium) (atomic symbol: Ce, atomic number: 55) is a Block S, Group 1, Period 6 element with an atomic weight of 132.9054519. (americanelements.com)
- Caesium (or cesium ) is the chemical element with the atomic number 55 on the periodic table . (wikipedia.org)
- The amplitude of the parity-nonconserving transition between the 6 S and 7 S states of cesium was precisely measured with the use of a spin-polarized atomic beam. (sciencemag.org)
- Leaving the container sealed, four experts from the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute in Tokyo measured gamma rays and detected cesium 137 in one section of the 6-meter-long, 2. (thefreedictionary.com)
- This revolutionary technology uses a chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC) to precisely divide a second into exactly 9,192,631,770 vibrations of the cesium 133 atom - in fact this is the scientific definition of a second by the International System of Units (SI). (kickstarter.com)
- It basically says that these things [optical atomic clocks] are now capable of being better than cesium [clocks]," says atomic clock specialist Patrick Gill of the National Physical Laboratory in Teddington, England. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Caesium or cesium is an alkali metal with the chemical symbol Cs and atomic number 55. (sciencemadness.org)
Isotope of cesium5
- Only one naturally occurring isotope of cesium is known, cesium-133. (encyclopedia.com)
- One radioactive isotope of cesium is of special importance, cesium-137. (encyclopedia.com)
- Almost any seawater sample from the Pacific will show traces of cesium-137, an isotope of cesium with a 30-year half-life, some of which is left over from nuclear weapons testing carried out in the 1950s to 1970s. (eurekalert.org)
- He adds that the modelling was only for the 137 isotope of cesium, but that he'd expect similar amounts of cesium-134 (which has a half-life of two years) to have been released. (nature.com)
- That particular isotope of cesium , which has a half-life of about 30 years, is generated when atoms of uranium-235 and plutonium-239 undergo fission within bombs or nuclear reactors. (thefreedictionary.com)
137Cs1
- The River Protection Project - Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant will use cesium ion exchange to remove 137Cs from Low Activity Waste down to 0.3 Ci/m3 in the Immobilized LAW, ILAW product. (unt.edu)
Periodic table2
- Cesium is a member of the alkali family, which consists of elements in Group 1 (IA) of the periodic table. (encyclopedia.com)
- Cesium has one valence electrons in its outer ring, as indicated by its placement in column 1 of a wide form periodic table or column IA of a narrow form periodic table. (answers.com)
Francium1
- Although in theory francium is more active than cesium, francium is too rare to have any commercial uses. (encyclopedia.com)
Potassium2
- the alloy with a molar distribution of 41% caesium, 47% potassium, and 12% sodium has the lowest melting point of any known metal alloy, at −78 °C (−108 °F). A few amalgams have been studied: CsHg 2 is black with a purple metallic lustre, while CsHg is golden-coloured, also with a metallic lustre. (wikipedia.org)
- A description is given of the preparation and properties of a granular form of potassium hexacyanocobalt(II) ferrate(II) that is a highly selective absorbent for cesium ion. (unt.edu)
Contaminated soil1
- You can be exposed to radioactive cesium if you eat food that was grown in contaminated soil, or if you come near a source of radioactive cesium. (cdc.gov)
Elemental5
- Mercury is the only stable elemental metal with a known melting point lower than caesium. (wikipedia.org)
- In its elemental form, cesium has a silvery gold appearance. (americanelements.com)
- While more than half of 2004's album Elemental was produced by Cesium_137, the remainder was produced in conjunction with Soundwave2000 Studios in Finland, Danse Macabre Studios Germany, and with their favorite new media Composer, Andreas Meyer (aka Forma Tadre). (metropolis-records.com)
- Simply put, Elemental was the dream Cesium_137 conjured into reality. (metropolis-records.com)
- Electrolytic preparation of elemental cesium is extremely difficult. (sciencemadness.org)
Alkali metal3
- An alkali metal, cesium is so active that it in. (reference.com)
- Caesium is an alkali metal . (wikipedia.org)
- Caesium is a soft alkali metal, silvery-gold in color. (sciencemadness.org)
Fluids1
- Cesium is relatively non-toxic in comparison to other drilling fluids. (reference.com)
Reactive6
- Cesium is a very reactive metal. (encyclopedia.com)
- Play media Caesium metal is highly reactive and very pyrophoric. (wikipedia.org)
- Caesium is extremely reactive in air and water. (wikipedia.org)
- Caesium is an extremely reactive metal an will spontaneously ignite in air to form caesium oxides and hydroxides. (sciencemadness.org)
- Because it's extremely reactive, isolating pure caesium metal is extremely difficult. (sciencemadness.org)
- Caesium metal is extremely reactive and pyrophoric in air. (sciencemadness.org)
Gustav Kirchhoff3
- The German chemist Robert Bunsen and physicist Gustav Kirchhoff discovered caesium in 1860 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy . (wikipedia.org)
- Cesium was discovered in 1861 by German chemists Robert Bunsen (1811-99) and Gustav Kirchhoff (1824-87). (encyclopedia.com)
- Cesium was discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff in 1860 and first isolated by Carl Setterberg in 1882. (americanelements.com)
Concentration of cesium2
- A 50% suspension was the highest feasible concentration of cesium fluoroaluminate in propylene. (europa.eu)
- Following cultivation of Arabidopsis seedlings on a culture medium containing a high concentration of cesium carbonate, Cesium Green was applied to the seedlings, and the resulting green fluorescence observed was used to confirm the presence of cesium within the plants' cells. (phys.org)
Purity1
- High-purity caesium-133 stored in argon . (wikipedia.org)
20193
- Little more than two months ago, I reported on the pending sale of America's world monopoly in cesium, a Trump Administration-designated critical mineral, to China ( Mercenary Musing, April 22, 2019 ). (kitco.com)
- Alboloushi A., Aba A., Alboloushi O. (2019) Cesium and Uranium Radioisotopes Monitoring in Kuwait Bay Seawater. (springer.com)
- In the context of this program, the national trend in replacing cesium irradiators will be summarized, including the Fiscal Year 2019 National Defense Authorization Act goal to voluntarily replace all cesium blood irradiators on the United States by 2027. (aabb.org)
Nuclear9
- Nuclear explosions or the breakdown of uranium in fuel elements can produce two radioactive forms of cesium, 134 Cs and 137 Cs. (cdc.gov)
- Caesium is mined mostly from pollucite , while the radioisotopes , especially caesium-137 , a fission product , are extracted from waste produced by nuclear reactors . (wikipedia.org)
- During atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons after World War II , cesium-137 was a source of major concern to health scientists. (encyclopedia.com)
- Large quantities of cesium-137 were released when the Chernobyl nuclear reactor exploded in 1986. (encyclopedia.com)
- 134 Cs has been used in hydrology as a measure of caesium output by the nuclear power industry. (mcgill.ca)
- Long-term inputs refer only to cesium-137, caused by the global fallout from atmospheric nuclear tests in the 50's and 60's. (berlin.de)
- The figures are lower than the legal limit for the release of cesium-137 from nuclear power plants, which is set at 90 becquerels per liter. (japantimes.co.jp)
- Cobalt-60, cesium-137, and europium-152 have been identified in "trinitite," an artifical mineral produced in the first nuclear explosion at Alamagordo, New Mexico, in 1945. (sciencemag.org)
- Radioactive cesium ( 137 Cs) has inevitably become a human concern due to exposure from nuclear power plants and nuclear accident releases. (mdpi.com)
Formula1
- This observation suggests the possibility of a vitamin, mineral , antioxidant formula containing cesium in an amount equal to that found in the soil of cancer free habitats. (digitalnaturopath.com)
Reacts1
- It reacts with ice at temperatures as low as −116 °C (−177 °F). Because of this high reactivity, caesium metal is classified as a hazardous material. (wikipedia.org)
Soils2
Least abundant of the five2
- Caesium is the least abundant of the five non-radioactive alkali metals. (mcgill.ca)
- Cesium, the most electropositive and least abundant of the five naturally occurring alkali metals, was discovered spectroscopically in 1860. (digitalnaturopath.com)
Fluoroaluminate1
- Based on dissolved Cs and Al the solubilty of cesium fluoroaluminate was determined. (europa.eu)
Decay2
- Cesium_137's style was much mellower and synthpop inspired and less angst-ridden on these releases than on Advanced/Decay. (wikipedia.org)
- The drop in soil contamination is more determined by the decay of cesium-134 than it is by any transferring process. (berlin.de)
Brachytherapy1
- A matched-pair analysis of clinical outcomes after intracavitary cesium-131 brachytherapy versus stereotactic radiosurgery for resected brain metastases. (harvard.edu)
Mineral6
- Cesium must be stored under kerosene or a mineral oil to protect it from reacting with oxygen and water vapor in the air. (encyclopedia.com)
- The mineral containing the largest fraction of cesium is pollucite (Cs 4 Al 4 Si 9 O 26 ). (encyclopedia.com)
- Cesium is also found in small amounts in a mineral of boron called rhodizite. (encyclopedia.com)
- NaturalNews) Cesium, an extremely alkaline mineral, has been used effectively on cancer since the 1930s. (naturalnews.com)
- Because of this, caesium is stored in mineral oil . (wikipedia.org)
- The cesium mineral pollucite has been identified within the Pakeagama Lake pegmatite and is only the fourth pollucite occurrence noted in Ontario. (thefreedictionary.com)
Argon2
- The best way to handle metallic cesium is in a glove box filled with inert gas, such as argon. (sciencemadness.org)
- Cesium metals are packaged in glass ampoules under argon and sold by the gram or kilogram. (espimetals.com)
Levels of radioactive cesium1
- These glass particles include high levels of radioactive cesium. (globalresearch.ca)
Drinking water3
- Exposure to stable or radioactive cesium occurs from ingesting contaminated food or drinking water or breathing contaminated air. (cdc.gov)
- You can be exposed to low levels of stable or radioactive cesium by breathing air, drinking water, or eating food containing cesium. (cdc.gov)
- Food and drinking water are the largest sources of exposure to cesium. (cdc.gov)
Radiation6
- Exposure to large amounts of radioactive cesium can damage cells in your body from the radiation. (cdc.gov)
- Exposure to the radiation from radioactive cesium has caused birth defects in animals. (cdc.gov)
- IsoRay announced the presentation of clinical findings at two medical centers of the successful treatment of brain cancers and tumors using IsoRay's patented Cesium-131 sutured seeds and seed sutured mesh for internal radiation therapy. (yahoo.com)
- Prepared by the Scientific Committee 64-23 on Cesium in the Environment of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, this report summarizes the current state of knowledge of radiocesium in the environment and aims to identify management issues concerning cesium 137 contamination of ecosystems. (thefreedictionary.com)
- To confirm whether the Austrian centre's estimates are accurate Smith says he would like to see the Japanese authorities publishing more radiation measurements, and in particular maps of cesium deposition in the region. (nature.com)
- Access to the "radiation room" where cesium and other radioactive substances are stored has been reduced from six people to two: Cassiano and a radiation safety officer. (latimes.com)
Carbonate8
- Deerfield Beach, FL -- ( SBWire ) -- 11/30/2017 --The Cesium Carbonate Market Research Report 2017 is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Cesium Carbonate industry. (sbwire.com)
- Furthermore, the untapped opportunities in emerging economies will provide a considerable impetus to the small, medium, and large companies operating in the Global Cesium Carbonate market. (sbwire.com)
- These opportunities in turn are projected to have positive impact on the Global Cesium Carbonate market. (sbwire.com)
- Competitors often are competing on the basis of the cost of the products in the Global Cesium Carbonate market. (sbwire.com)
- The report studies the Cesium Carbonate market by evaluating the market chain, prevalent policies, and regulations as well as the manufacturers, their manufacturing chain, cost structures, and contribution in the industry. (sbwire.com)
- The regional markets for the global Cesium Carbonate market are examined by analyzing the pricing of products in the region compared to the profit generated. (sbwire.com)
- The report therefore studies in detail the impact of the strategies, plans, and policies adopted by leading vendors of the Cesium Carbonate market. (sbwire.com)
- The method developed in this research can be used to detect cesium carbonate particles at high resolution (micrometer-level) by using a fluorescent probe called "Cesium Green," which also enables intracellular imaging of cesium distribution. (phys.org)
Physical1
- Thus, the obtained Prussian blue-coated magnetic nanoparticles were then characterized and examined for their physical and radioactive cesium adsorption properties. (mdpi.com)
Strontium5
- The waste contains toxic and highly radioactive elements, including plutonium, cesium 137 , and strontium 90 mixed in with other materials that make the liquids in the tanks extremely caustic. (thefreedictionary.com)
- And in 1993, tritium, strontium 90, cesium 137 and plutonium 238 were found in soil samples taken from the camp along the Rocketdyne property line. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Scientists from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) investigated the levels of radioactive strontium and cesium in the coast off Japan in September 2013. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Although the total levels of cesium collected on July 8 were far higher than those collected just three days earlier on July 5, levels of other radioactive materials, such as strontium, remained the same as three days ago. (rt.com)
- The spectrometer, developed over 10 years by Hamby and Abi Farsoni, an assistant professor in the College of Engineering, can quickly tell the type and amount of radionuclides that are present in something like a soil sample-contaminants such as cesium 137 or strontium 90-that were produced from reactor operations. (thefreedictionary.com)
Accumulate3
- This is because caesium explodes instantly upon contact with water, leaving little time for hydrogen to accumulate. (wikipedia.org)
- Methylmercury and Cesium-137 accumulate in predatory fish (pike, perch, pikeperch, burbot) in the same lakes. (evira.fi)
- Furthermore, fluorescence microscopy observations, which take advantage of the precise location-detecting properties of Cesium Green, revealed that cesium has a tendency to accumulate in the vacuoles of the cells. (phys.org)
Concentrations4
- Mean cesium concentrations of vessel 1 and 2 over all sampling periods. (europa.eu)
- In order to evaluate the radiological safety of locally sourced desalinated water and seafood, the activity concentrations of Cesium-137 ( 137 Cs), Uranium-234 ( 234 U), and Uranium-238 ( 238 U) in Kuwait Bay seawater were measured. (springer.com)
- Fourthly, that low concentrations of ammonia in rainfall displace caesium from frayed edge sites on the small quantity of illite particles in the catchment area. (europa.eu)
- 9 km away from the plant, containing radioactive cesium concentrations of 651 becquerels per kilogram, the team said. (thefreedictionary.com)
Method for detect1
- Herein we report a robust and easy method for detecting cesium metal ion (Cs + ) in partially aqueous solutions using the fluorescence quenching of 2,4-bis[4-( N , N -dihydroxyethylamino)phenyl]squaraine. (rsc.org)
Fission1
- Cesium-137 is an expected fission product, but the origin of the other two radionuclides is not certain. (sciencemag.org)
Becquerels per liter3
- Cesium-137 was detected at a level of 1.6 becquerels per liter from seawater extracted Friday, higher than the reading measured earlier at the same survey point. (japantimes.co.jp)
- Seawater extracted Oct. 8 had a reading of 1.4 becquerels per liter of cesium-137. (japantimes.co.jp)
- TEPCO, the company that operated the plant and is now in charge of the cleanup and decommissioning, said that cesium-134 levels in the well water were at 9,000 becquerels per liter, 150 times the legal level. (rt.com)
Chemical1
- Since the methods involved here can be initially investigated using harmless non- radioactive cesium , which has the same chemical properties as radioactive cesium (in terms of detectability using Cesium Green), it is a highly versatile method that requires no special experimental facilities. (phys.org)
High9
- It is highly unlikely that you would be exposed to high enough amounts of stable cesium to cause harmful health effects. (cdc.gov)
- Here, we report the low-temperature, solution-phase growth of cesium lead halide nanowires exhibiting low-threshold lasing and high stability. (pnas.org)
- The increase will also help to ensure Cabot remains a reliable, long-term supplier of high quality cesium products, and continues to deliver exceptional support to its customers. (businesswire.com)
- However, this equipment contained cesium-rich, high-level waste, which was transported aboveground via roadway to an on-site interim safe storage pad," said Savannah River Remediation (SRR) president and project manager Phil Breidenbach. (ans.org)
- Cesium`s high alkalinity shoots the cell`s pH to 8.0 or higher (normal is 7) while the serum (blood) pH stays at or below normal. (naturalnews.com)
- The latest findings, just 25 meters from the Pacific Ocean, were made just a month after TEPCO detected cesium in the groundwater flowing from high ground fairly far from the sea into its destroyed plant. (rt.com)
- In every case, the cesium content has been found to be very high. (digitalnaturopath.com)
- Note that in areas of the world where there is a high cesium content in the soil cancer is virtually unknown: Hopi Indians of Arizona, the Hunza of North Pakistan, and the Indians of Central and South America. (digitalnaturopath.com)
- http://www.chronos.co.uk/files/pdfs/itsf/2015/day2/1410_High_performance_optically-pumped_cesium_beam_clock-PBerthoud-Oscilloquartz.pdf Two year old deck with a fair amount of overlap, though a few more engineering diagrams. (febo.com)
Synthesis3
- Whereas organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite materials are known for their instability, cesium lead halides offer a robust alternative without sacrificing emission tunability or ease of synthesis. (pnas.org)
- Baye, E. An Alternative Method for the Synthesis of γ-Lactones by Using Cesium Fluoride-Celite/Acetonitrile Combination. (alfa.com)
- article{osti_1434096, title = {Synthesis and optical properties of ordered-vacancy perovskite cesium bismuth halide nanocrystals}, author = {Nelson, R. D. and Santra, K. and Wang, Y. and Hadi, A. and Petrich, J. W. and Panthani, M. G.}, abstractNote = {Vacancy-ordered cesium bismuth halide nanocrystals were synthesized using hot-injection methods. (osti.gov)
Iodine2
- The half-life of Iodine 131 is eight days, and for Cesium 137 , 30 years, though both are removed from the atmosphere fairly quickly. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Wotawa says he was "surprised at the cesium levels, but less so with respect to iodine, as its highly volatile. (nature.com)
Metallic1
- A radioactive isotope of the metallic element cesium. (encyclopedia.com)
Colour2
- The golden colour of caesium comes from the decreasing frequency of light required to excite electrons of the alkali metals as the group is descended. (wikipedia.org)
- Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour-coded: caesium (pink) and chlorine (green). (sciencephoto.com)
Sodium2
- However, a caesium-water explosion is often less powerful than a sodium-water explosion with a similar amount of sodium. (wikipedia.org)
- Cesium metal cannot be safely neutralized by dissolving it in isopropanol , like sodium, as the reaction is just as violent as the one with water. (sciencemadness.org)
Halides1
- We synthesize nanowires of a promising set of compositions, the cesium lead halides, and accomplish this under near-ambient conditions. (pnas.org)
Amounts of cesium1
- Very small amounts of cesium alloys are used in the cathode of the electron gun from the cathode ray tube TVs. (sciencemadness.org)
Exposure to cesium1
- How can families reduce the risk of exposure to cesium? (cdc.gov)
Lithium1
- in other words, the plasmonic frequency of the alkali metals becomes lower from lithium to caesium. (wikipedia.org)
Ductile1
- Cesium is a silvery-white, shiny metal that is very soft and ductile. (encyclopedia.com)
Auride2
- Caesium auride (CsAu) is an ionic compound containing the unusual Au− ion first discovered in 1978 in the laboratory of Joseph Lagowski. (wikipedia.org)
- in liquid ammonia it can be reacted with a caesium-specific ion exchange resin to produce tetramethylammonium auride. (wikipedia.org)