Cerebral infarction. Medical search

The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).

Formation of an infarct, which is NECROSIS in tissue due to local ISCHEMIA resulting from obstruction of BLOOD CIRCULATION, most commonly by a THROMBUS or EMBOLUS.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.

Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.

A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.

Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in arterial or venous structures.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.

Radiography of the vascular system of the brain after injection of a contrast medium.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.

The largest of the cerebral arteries. It trifurcates into temporal, frontal, and parietal branches supplying blood to most of the parenchyma of these lobes in the CEREBRAL CORTEX. These are the areas involved in motor, sensory, and speech activities.

A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)

Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN).

Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.

A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM (and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p136)

Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body. This condition is usually caused by BRAIN DISEASES that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite to the side of weakness. Less frequently, BRAIN STEM lesions; cervical SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The term hemiparesis (see PARESIS) refers to mild to moderate weakness involving one side of the body.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL). Branches of the anterior cerebral artery supply the CAUDATE NUCLEUS; INTERNAL CAPSULE; PUTAMEN; SEPTAL NUCLEI; GYRUS CINGULI; and surfaces of the FRONTAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE.

Veins draining the cerebrum.

Use of infusions of FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS to destroy or dissolve thrombi in blood vessels or bypass grafts.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)

Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.

Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.

Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are due to abnormalities or pathological processes in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY.

Fibrinolysin or agents that convert plasminogen to FIBRINOLYSIN.

A gamma-emitting RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING agent used in the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow and in non-invasive dynamic biodistribution studies and MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING. It has also been used to label leukocytes in the investigation of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES.

A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.

Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervous system.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

Medical practice or discipline that is based on the knowledge, cultures, and beliefs of the people in EAST ASIA.

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

Dilation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.

Compounds that contain the radical R2C=N.OH derived from condensation of ALDEHYDES or KETONES with HYDROXYLAMINE. Members of this group are CHOLINESTERASE REACTIVATORS.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Impairment in the comprehension of speech and meaning of words, both spoken and written, and of the meanings conveyed by their grammatical relationships in sentences. It is caused by lesions that primarily affect Wernicke's area, which lies in the posterior perisylvian region of the temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere. (From Brain & Bannister, Clinical Neurology, 7th ed, p141; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural Science, 3d ed, p846)

Organic compounds that contain technetium as an integral part of the molecule. These compounds are often used as radionuclide imaging agents.

Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.

Insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply to the spleen due to emboli, thrombi, vascular torsion, or pressure that produces a macroscopic area of necrosis. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Brain tissue herniation through a congenital or acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions. Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor deficits frequently occur.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Microsurgical revascularization to improve intracranial circulation. It usually involves joining the extracranial circulation to the intracranial circulation but may include extracranial revascularization (e.g., subclavian-vertebral artery bypass, subclavian-external carotid artery bypass). It is performed by joining two arteries (direct anastomosis or use of graft) or by free autologous transplantation of highly vascularized tissue to the surface of the brain.

Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or anterolateral wall myocardial infarction.

Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.

Drugs or agents which antagonize or impair any mechanism leading to blood platelet aggregation, whether during the phases of activation and shape change or following the dense-granule release reaction and stimulation of the prostaglandin-thromboxane system.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.

An amphetamine analog that is rapidly taken up by the lungs and from there redistributed primarily to the brain and liver. It is used in brain radionuclide scanning with I-123.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes.

Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the anterior part of the brain, the eye and its appendages, the forehead and nose.

Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions.

Generally, restoration of blood supply to heart tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. Reperfusion can be induced to treat ischemia. Methods include chemical dissolution of an occluding thrombus, administration of vasodilator drugs, angioplasty, catheterization, and artery bypass graft surgery. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.

Restoration of blood supply to tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. It is primarily a procedure for treating infarction or other ischemia, by enabling viable ischemic tissue to recover, thus limiting further necrosis. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing REPERFUSION INJURY.

A proteolytic enzyme in the serine protease family found in many tissues which converts PLASMINOGEN to FIBRINOLYSIN. It has fibrin-binding activity and is immunologically different from UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR. The primary sequence, composed of 527 amino acids, is identical in both the naturally occurring and synthetic proteases.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Slow or diminished movement of body musculature. It may be associated with BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS; prolonged inactivity due to illness; and other conditions.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A polygonal anastomosis at the base of the brain formed by the internal carotid (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL), proximal parts of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries (ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), the anterior communicating artery and the posterior communicating arteries.

Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood stream.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29)

A diagnostic technique that incorporates the measurement of molecular diffusion (such as water or metabolites) for tissue assessment by MRI. The degree of molecular movement can be measured by changes of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with time, as reflected by tissue microstructure. Diffusion MRI has been used to study BRAIN ISCHEMIA and tumor response to treatment.

A subfamily of the Muridae consisting of several genera including Gerbillus, Rhombomys, Tatera, Meriones, and Psammomys.

A proteolytic enzyme obtained from the venom of fer-de-lance (Bothrops atrox). It is used as a plasma clotting agent for fibrinogen and for the detection of fibrinogen degradation products. The presence of heparin does not interfere with the clotting test. Hemocoagulase is a mixture containing batroxobin and factor X activator. EC 3.4.21.-.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.

Streptococcal fibrinolysin . An enzyme produced by hemolytic streptococci. It hydrolyzes amide linkages and serves as an activator of plasminogen. It is used in thrombolytic therapy and is used also in mixtures with streptodornase (STREPTODORNASE AND STREPTOKINASE). EC 3.4.-.

Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)

Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.

Agents that prevent clotting.

Any operation on the cranium or incision into the cranium. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.

A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Hypertensive hemorrhages are most frequent in the BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; PONS; and THALAMUS; but may also involve the CEREBRAL CORTEX, subcortical white matter, and other brain structures.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Any type of variation in the appearance of energy output of the sun. (NASA Thesaurus, 1994)

Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Application of a ligature to tie a vessel or strangulate a part.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the BASILAR ARTERY. Branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply portions of the OCCIPITAL LOBE; PARIETAL LOBE; inferior temporal gyrus, brainstem, and CHOROID PLEXUS.

Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.

The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of function (PANHYPOPITUITARISM). The most common cause is hemorrhage or INFARCTION of a PITUITARY ADENOMA. It can also result from acute hemorrhage into SELLA TURCICA due to HEAD TRAUMA; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; or other acute effects of central nervous system hemorrhage. Clinical signs include severe HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION; bilateral visual disturbances; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; and COMA.

A method of delineating blood vessels by subtracting a tissue background image from an image of tissue plus intravascular contrast material that attenuates the X-ray photons. The background image is determined from a digitized image taken a few moments before injection of the contrast material. The resulting angiogram is a high-contrast image of the vessel. This subtraction technique allows extraction of a high-intensity signal from the superimposed background information. The image is thus the result of the differential absorption of X-rays by different tissues.

A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES. Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed., 2005)

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.

Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A type of MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING that uses only one nuclear spin excitation per image and therefore can obtain images in a fraction of a second rather than the minutes required in traditional MRI techniques. It is used in a variety of medical and scientific applications.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

Scaffolding proteins that play an important role in the localization and activation of 5-LIPOXYGENASE.

The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

The hospital unit in which patients with acute cardiac disorders receive intensive care.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with the disease of diabetes mellitus. Due to the impaired control of BLOOD GLUCOSE level in diabetic patients, pathological processes develop in numerous tissues and organs including the EYE, the KIDNEY, the BLOOD VESSELS, and the NERVE TISSUE.

Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.

A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.

Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic tissues resulting from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION), including swelling; HEMORRHAGE; NECROSIS; and damage from FREE RADICALS. The most common instance is MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

A bright bluish pink compound that has been used as a dye, biological stain, and diagnostic aid.

A vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations.

Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Analogs or derivatives of AMPHETAMINE. Many are sympathomimetics and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vasopressin, bronchodilation, and to varying degrees, anorexia, analepsis, nasal decongestion, and some smooth muscle relaxation.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

Maintenance of blood flow to an organ despite obstruction of a principal vessel. Blood flow is maintained through small vessels.

One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.

INFLAMMATION of any ARTERIES.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilation of cerebral ventricles, INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; HEADACHE; lethargy; URINARY INCONTINENCE; and ATAXIA.

A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.

Excision of part of the skull. This procedure is used to treat elevated intracranial pressure that is unresponsive to conventional treatment.

The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.

Surgical excision, performed under general anesthesia, of the atheromatous tunica intima of an artery. When reconstruction of an artery is performed as an endovascular procedure through a catheter, it is called ATHERECTOMY.

Paired bodies containing mostly GRAY MATTER and forming part of the lateral wall of the THIRD VENTRICLE of the brain.

The first branch of the SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY with distribution to muscles of the NECK; VERTEBRAE; SPINAL CORD; CEREBELLUM; and interior of the CEREBRUM.

Postmortem examination of the body.

Agents used to treat cestode, trematode, or other flatworm infestations in man or animals.

A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower body.

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.

Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

Aneurysm caused by a tear in the TUNICA INTIMA of a blood vessel leading to interstitial HEMORRHAGE, and splitting (dissecting) of the vessel wall, often involving the AORTA. Dissection between the intima and media causes luminal occlusion. Dissection at the media, or between the media and the outer adventitia causes aneurismal dilation.

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

An aphasia characterized by impairment of expressive LANGUAGE (speech, writing, signs) and relative preservation of receptive language abilities (i.e., comprehension). This condition is caused by lesions of the motor association cortex in the FRONTAL LOBE (BROCA AREA and adjacent cortical and white matter regions).

Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.

A general term referring to a mild to moderate degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a synonym for PARALYSIS (severe or complete loss of motor function). In the older literature, paresis often referred specifically to paretic neurosyphilis (see NEUROSYPHILIS). "General paresis" and "general paralysis" may still carry that connotation. Bilateral lower extremity paresis is referred to as PARAPARESIS.

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE. Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems (AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).

Procedures to cause the disintegration of THROMBI by physical interventions.

The act of constricting.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A condition associated with compression of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at the thoracic outlet and caused by a complete or incomplete anomalous CERVICAL RIB or fascial band connecting the tip of a cervical rib with the first thoracic rib. Clinical manifestations may include pain in the neck and shoulder which radiates into the upper extremity, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated muscles; sensory loss; PARESTHESIAS; ISCHEMIA; and EDEMA. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p214)

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.

The restoration of blood supply to the myocardium. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Derived from TELENCEPHALON, cerebrum is composed of a right and a left hemisphere. Each contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia. The cerebrum includes all parts within the skull except the MEDULLA OBLONGATA, the PONS, and the CEREBELLUM. Cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities.

The confinement of a patient in a hospital.

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the inferior wall of the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the right coronary artery.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of five named species: PAPIO URSINUS (chacma baboon), PAPIO CYNOCEPHALUS (yellow baboon), PAPIO PAPIO (western baboon), PAPIO ANUBIS (or olive baboon), and PAPIO HAMADRYAS (hamadryas baboon). Members of the Papio genus inhabit open woodland, savannahs, grassland, and rocky hill country. Some authors consider MANDRILLUS a subgenus of Papio.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX) damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)

Transforming growth factor-alpha acting at the epidermal growth factor receptor reduces infarct volume after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. (1/3121)

Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) is a ligand for the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR), and is more abundant than EGF in the brain. The authors studied whether administration of exogenous TGF-alpha into the brain can protect neurons against ischemia in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in the rat, and whether any effect of TGF-alpha was mediated by EGFR by administering 4,5-dianilinophthalimide (DAPH), a protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor with high selectivity for EGFR. Rats received either TGF-alpha (10 or 25 ng), DAPH (100 ng), DAPH plus TGF-alpha (25 ng), or vehicle in the ipsilateral first ventricle. Drugs were administered twice: 30 minutes before and 30 minutes after MCA occlusion, and infarct volume was evaluated 24 hours later. Transforming growth factor-alpha at the dose of 25 ng caused a statistically significant reduction of infarct volume (60%) in relation to ischemic rats administered vehicle. This reduction was no longer seen when TGF-alpha was administered in combination with DAPH. The present results show that TGF-alpha can protect neurons from ischemic damage, and that this effect is mediated by EGFR. It is suggested that activation of EGFR-mediated intracellular signalling pathways contributes to the survival of neural cells susceptible to ischemic injury. (+info)

Synergistic protective effects of antioxidant and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in transient focal ischemia. (2/3121)

Both nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors and free radical scavengers have been shown to protect brain tissue in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nitric oxide and superoxide anion act via distinct mechanisms and react together to form the highly deleterious peroxynitrite. Therefore the authors examined the effects and the interaction between the NOS inhibitor, NG nitro-L-arginine (LNA) and the antioxidant/superoxide scavenger, di-tert-butyl-hydroxybenzoic acid (DtBHB) in the rat submitted to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Posttreatment was initiated 4 hours after the onset of ischemia and infarct volume was measured at 48 hours. The dose-related effect of LNA resulted in a bell-shaped curve: 15, 56, 65, and 33% reduction of total infarct for 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg (intravenously [IV]) respectively and 11% increase in infarct volume for 3 mg/kg (IV). Whereas DtBHB (20 mg/kg; intraperitoneally [IP]) was ineffective, the dose of 60 mg/kg produced 65% protection in infarct volume. The combination of a subthreshold dose of LNA (0.03 mg/kg; IV) and DtBHB (20 mg/kg; IP) resulted in significant reduction (49%) in infarct volume. These results show that LNA and DtBHB act synergistically to provide a consistent neuroprotection against ischemic injury when administered 4 hours after ischemia. This suggests that nitric oxide and free radicals are involved and interact in synergy in ischemia-reperfusion injury. (+info)

N-Acetylaspartate distribution in rat brain striatum during acute brain ischemia. (3/3121)

Brain N-acetylaspartate (NAA) can be quantified by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and is used in clinical settings as a marker of neuronal density. It is, however, uncertain whether the change in brain NAA content in acute stroke is reliably measured by 1H-MRS and how NAA is distributed within the ischemic area. Rats were exposed to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Preischemic values of [NAA] in striatum were 11 mmol/L by 1H-MRS and 8 mmol/kg by HPLC. The methods showed a comparable reduction during the 8 hours of ischemia. The interstitial level of [NAA] ([NAA]e) was determined by microdialysis using [3H]NAA to assess in vivo recovery. After induction of ischemia, [NAA]e increased linearly from 70 micromol/L to a peak level of 2 mmol/L after 2 to 3 hours before declining to 0.7 mmol/L at 7 hours. For comparison, [NAA]e was measured in striatum during global ischemia, revealing that [NAA]e increased linearly to 4 mmol/L after 3 hours and this level was maintained for the next 4 h. From the change in in vivo recovery of the interstitial space volume marker [14C]mannitol, the relative amount of NAA distributed in the interstitial space was calculated to be 0.2% of the total brain NAA during normal conditions and only 2 to 6% during ischemia. It was concluded that the majority of brain NAA is intracellularly located during ischemia despite large increases of interstitial [NAA]. Thus, MR quantification of NAA during acute ischemia reflects primarily changes in intracellular levels of NAA. (+info)

Early diagnosis of central nervous system aspergillosis with combination use of cerebral diffusion-weighted echo-planar magnetic resonance image and polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid. (4/3121)

We treated a patient diagnosed as central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis with the combined use of cerebral diffusion-weighted echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and polymerase chain reaction of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-PCR). DWI, a cutting-edge imaging modality to reveal the earliest changes of cerebral infarction, detected cerebral fungal embolization when the conventional computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging failed to reveal it. CSF-PCR demonstrated the presence of Aspergillus-specific DNA in the specimen, when the conventional examination and culture of CSF were nonspecific or negative. These diagnostic methods could be useful in the early diagnosis of CNS aspergillosis. (+info)

Delayed increase in infarct volume after cerebral ischemia: correlations with thrombolytic treatment and clinical outcome. (5/3121)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Growing experimental evidence indicates that the development of cerebral ischemic damage is slower than previously believed. The aims of this work were (1) to study the evolution of CT hypoattenuation between 24 to 36 hours and 7 days in ischemic stroke patients; (2) to evaluate whether thrombolytic treatment given within 6 hours of stroke affects delayed infarction evolution; and (3) to investigate possible correlations between lesion volume changes over time and clinical outcome. METHODS: Of 620 patients included in the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study 1 (ECASS1), we selected 450 patients whose control CT scans at day 1 (CT1) and day 7 (CT7) were available. They had been randomly divided into 2 groups: 206 patients had been treated with rtPA and 244 with placebo. CT1 and CT7 were classified according to the location of the infarct. The volume of CT hypoattenuation was measured using the formula AxBxC/2 for irregular volumes. The 95% confidence interval of inter- and intrarater variability was used to determine whether significant changes in lesion volume had occurred between CT1 and CT7. Clinical severity was evaluated by means of the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) at entry (SSS0) and at day 30 (SSS30). RESULTS: Mean lesion volumes were significantly (P<0.0001) higher at day 7 than at day 1 in all the subgroups of patients and particularly in patients with a subcortical lesion. Of the 450 patients studied, 287 (64%) did not show any significant change in lesion volume between CT1 and CT7, 143 (32%) showed a significant increase and the remaining 20 (4%) a significant decrease. No significant correlation was observed between treatment and lesion evolution between CT1 and CT7. Both clinical scores (SSS0 and SSS30) and degree of neurological recovery were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the subgroup of patients with a significant lesion volume increase than in the other 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: In approximately two thirds of patients, infarct size is established 24 to 36 hours after stroke onset, whereas in the remaining one third, changes in lesion volume may occur later than the first 24 to 36 hours. Many factors may be responsible for delayed infarct enlargement and for a lower degree of clinical recovery, both of which may occur despite early recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment. (+info)

Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. (6/3121)

PURPOSE: The feasibility and safety of combining carotid surgery and thrombolysis for occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the middle cerebral artery (MCA), either as a simultaneous or as a staged procedure in acute ischemic strokes, was studied. METHODS: A nonrandomized clinical pilot study, which included patients who had severe hemispheric carotid-related ischemic strokes and acute occlusions of the MCA, was performed between January 1994 and January 1998. Exclusion criteria were cerebral coma and major infarction established by means of cerebral computed tomography scan. Clinical outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin scale. RESULTS: Carotid reconstruction and thrombolysis was performed in 14 of 845 patients (1.7%). The ICA was occluded in 11 patients; occlusions of the MCA (mainstem/major branches/distal branch) or the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) were found in 14 patients. In three of the 14 patients, thrombolysis was performed first, followed by carotid enarterectomy (CEA) after clinical improvement (6 to 21 days). In 11 of 14 patients, 0.15 to 1 mIU urokinase was administered intraoperatively, ie, emergency CEA for acute ischemic stroke (n = 5) or surgical reexploration after elective CEA complicated by perioperative intracerebral embolism (n = 6). Thirteen of 14 intracranial embolic occlusions and 10 of 11 ICA occlusions were recanalized successfully (confirmed with angiography or transcranial Doppler studies). Four patients recovered completely (Rankin 0), six patients sustained a minor stroke (Rankin 2/3), two patients had a major stroke (Rankin 4/5), and two patients died. In one patient, hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic infarction was detectable postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Combining carotid surgery with thrombolysis (simultaneous or staged procedure) offers a new therapeutic approach in the emergency management of an acute carotid-related stroke. Its efficacy should be evaluated in interdisciplinary studies. (+info)

An 18-mer peptide fragment of prosaposin ameliorates place navigation disability, cortical infarction, and retrograde thalamic degeneration in rats with focal cerebral ischemia. (7/3121)

It was previously reported that prosaposin possesses neurotrophic activity that is ascribed to an 18-mer peptide comprising the hydrophilic sequence of the rat saposin C domain. To evaluate the effect of the 18-mer peptide on ischemic neuronal damage, the peptide was infused in the left lateral ventricle immediately after occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SP-SH) rats. The treatment ameliorated the ischemia-induced space navigation disability and cortical infarction and prevented secondary thalamic degeneration in a dose-dependent manner. In culture experiments, treatment with the 18-mer peptide attenuated free radical-induced neuronal injury at low concentrations (0.002 to 2 pg/mL), and the peptide at higher concentrations (0.2 to 20 ng/mL) protected neurons against hypoxic insult. Furthermore, a saposin C fragment comprising the 18-mer peptide bound to synaptosomal fractions of the cerebral cortex, and this binding decreased at the 1st day after MCA occlusion and recovered to the preischemic level at the 7th day after ischemia. These findings suggest that the 18-mer peptide ameliorates neuronal damage in vivo and in vitro through binding to the functional receptor, although the cDNA encoding prosaposin receptor has not been determined yet. (+info)

Factor V Leiden and antibodies against phospholipids and protein S in a young woman with recurrent thromboses and abortion. (8/3121)

We describe the case of a 39-year-old woman who suffered two iliofemoral venous thromboses, a cerebral ischemic infarct and recurrent fetal loss. Initial studies showed high levels of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) and a moderate thrombocytopenia. After her second miscarriage, laboratory diagnosis revealed that the woman was heterozygous for the factor V Leiden mutation and had a functional protein S deficiency as well as anti-protein S and anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies. The impairment of the protein C pathway at various points could well explain the recurrent thromboses in the patient and supports the role of a disturbed protein C system in the pathophysiology of thrombosis in patients with APAs. (+info)

A cerebral infarction is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). It ... In people who die of cerebral infarction, an autopsy of stroke may give a clue about the duration from the infarction onset ... Cerebral infarction is caused by a disruption to blood supply that is severe enough and long enough in duration to result in ... If cerebral infarction is caused by a thrombus occluding blood flow to an artery supplying the brain, definitive therapy is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_infarction

March 1961). "Cerebral ischemia and infarction". Am Pract Dig Treat. 12: 147-54. PMID 13777430.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: ... November 1996). "Relationship of 133Xe cerebral blood flow to middle cerebral arterial flow velocity in men at rest". J. Cereb ... cerebral circulation and cerebral metabolism". J Appl Physiol. 5 (9): 471-86. doi:10.1152/jappl.1953.5.9.471. PMID 13034675. ... Reivich M, Dickson J, Clark J, Hedden M, Lambertsen CJ (1968). "Role of hypoxia in cerebral circulatory and metabolic changes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_J._Lambertsen

DePauw, K.; Szulecka, T.; Poltock, T. (1987). "Fregoli syndrome after cerebral infarction". Journal of Nervous and Mental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjunctive_cognition

Prognostic value in acute cerebral infarction". Eur. Neurol. 33 (3): 256-9. doi:10.1159/000116949. PMID 8467850. Launes J, ... The sign has been observed in the middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), vertebral artery, and basilar ... an indicator of poor outcome in middle cerebral artery area infarction". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 50 (11): 1550-2. doi ... Through cerebral angiography, the sign has been demonstrated to correspond to embolic or atherosclerotic occlusion of an artery ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dense_artery_sign

Fujiwara S, Yamano T, Hattori M, Fujiseki Y, Shimada M (1992). "Asymptomatic cerebral infarction in Kawasaki disease". ... The neurological complications found are meningoencephalitis, subdural effusion, cerebral hypoperfusion, cerebral ischemia and ... or even a cerebral infarction with no neurological manifestations. Other neurological complications from cranial nerve ... Death can occur either due to myocardial infarction secondary to blood clot formation in a coronary artery aneurysm or to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawasaki_disease

The cause of death was cerebral infarction. Foley, Kathy (2016). "Review of MODERN ASIAN THEATRE AND PERFORMANCE 1900-2000, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaoru_Osanai

Beatrice Macola, 36, Italian actress, cerebral infarction. Vidadi Narimanbekov, 75, Azerbaijani painter. Chuck Schuldiner, 34, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_December_2001

In 2012, Andriessen suffered a cerebral infarction. He died on 4 December 2021 in Rotterdam, at the age of 60. Aad Andriessen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aad_Andriessen

Krook suffered a cerebral infarction in 2018. He died from complication of a second infarction on 13 October 2020 in Blaricum, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab_Krook

This lesion can be due to an ischemic cell death after an acute posterior cerebral infarction. The most prevalent research on ... Park, M. G., Joo, H., Park, K. P., & Kim, D. S. (2005). Macropsia caused by acute posterior cerebral artery infarction. J ... The MRI may show swelling of the cerebral cortex, transient T2 prolongation, and transient lesions. Unlike in MRI's, no ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macropsia

In cerebral infarction, the penumbra has decreased perfusion. Besides acute and chronic neurovascular diseases, the value of ... Cerebral blood flow on the other hand does, allowing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and inflammatory risk factor analysis, ... A challenge to these sort of non-cerebral perfusion is motion due to breathing. Additionally, there is a lot less development ... In order to properly scale the perfusion values into cerebral blood flow units (CBF, ml/100g/1 min), a separate proton density ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_spin_labelling

"MR diffusion imaging of cerebral infarction in humans". AJNR. 13 (4): 1097-1102. PMC 8333580. PMID 1636519. Moseley, ME; Cohen ... 1991). "Proton NMR imaging of cerebral blood flow using (H2O)-O17". Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 22 (1): 154-158. doi: ... they were the first to demonstrate in human subjects the early drop in diffusivity seen in acute infarction in cats by Moseley ... "Early detection of regional cerebral ischemia in cats: comparison of diffusion- and T2-weighted MRI and spectroscopy". Magnetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Kwong

She died in 1876 from a cerebral infarction. José María Vigil read a speech entitled "La Sra. doña Isabel Prieto de Landázuri ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_Prieto_de_Landázuri

In cerebral infarction, the penumbra has decreased perfusion. Another MRI sequence, diffusion weighted MRI, estimates the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfusion_MRI

In 1999, after a cerebral infarction, he retired. He worked for the AVRO for more than forty years. Willem Duys lived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_Duys

2003). "Prothrombotic gene polymorphisms and atherothrombotic cerebral infarction". Acta Neurol. Scand. 108 (2): 109-13. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SERPINE2

In cerebral infarction, the penumbra has decreased perfusion. Another MRI sequence, diffusion-weighted MRI, estimates the ... An H, Ford AL, Vo K, Powers WJ, Lee JM, Lin W (May 2011). "Signal evolution and infarction risk for apparent diffusion ... Alternative techniques employ arterial spin labeling (ASL) or weighting the MRI signal by cerebral blood flow (CBF) and ... May 1990). "Early detection of regional cerebral ischemia in cats: comparison of diffusion- and T2-weighted MRI and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRI_sequence

Cerebral infarction causes irreversible damage to the brain. In one study of patients with carotid artery dissection, 60% had ... otherwise known as a cerebral infarction. Blood clots, or emboli, originating from the dissection are thought to be the cause ... of infarction in the majority of cases of stroke in the presence of carotid artery dissection. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_artery_dissection

December 2000). "Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome with embolic cerebral infarction. Report of a case". Panminerva Medica. 42 ( ... and embolic cerebral infarction. TOS can also lead to eye problems and vision loss as a circumstance of vertebral artery ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_outlet_syndrome

She died of a cerebral infarction in 2013. In the 1980s and early 1990s, her daughter Boukje Keulen (born 2 December 1963) also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atje_Keulen-Deelstra

Ab Krook, 76, Dutch speed skating coach, cerebral infarction. Marisa de Leza, 87, Spanish actress (I'm Not Mata Hari, Under the ... Osman Durmuş, 73, Turkish politician, Minister of Health (1999-2002) and MP (1999-2002, 2007-2011), cerebral hemorrhage. Glenn ... cerebral hemorrhage. Travis Roy, 45, American philanthropist and hockey player (Boston University Terriers), complications of ... dies at 77 Fallece el artista plástico Arturo Rivera de una hemorragia cerebral (in Spanish) Philanthropist and Former-Hockey ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_October_2020

Li had a daughter named Li Yaoyao (李尧垚). In his later years, Li suffered from cerebral infarction. On 24 November 2022, he died ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Jingfei

He died in November 1955 following a cerebral infarction. Sula is buried to the Park Lawn Cemetery in Greater Sudbury. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannes_Sula

Ōtani died of cerebral infarction on August 3, 2017. 黒澤明監督の「羅生門」で録音担当、大谷巌さん死去 (in Japanese). Asahi Shimbun. 2017-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwao_Ōtani

Yan Su, 85, Chinese playwright and lyricist, cerebral infarction. Xymena Zaniewska-Chwedczuk, 91, Polish scenographer, ... John L. Tishman, 90, American property developer (Tishman Realty & Construction). Eddy Wally, 83, Belgian singer, cerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_February_2016

Scher MS, Wiznitzer M, Bangert BA (December 2002). "Cerebral infarctions in the fetus and neonate: maternal-placental-fetal ... Some of this developmental risk as in the case of placental infarction, maternal anemia and cardiac problems may cause ... O'Brien A, Hugo P, Stapleton S, Lask B (November 2001). ""Anorexia saved my life": coincidental anorexia nervosa and cerebral ... Burke CJ, Tannenberg AE (June 1995). "Prenatal brain damage and placental infarction--an autopsy study". Developmental Medicine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder

He died of cerebral infarction on 19 May 2006. His final film appearance was in The Yakiniku mubi: Purukogi, released in 2007. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takahiro_Tamura

Nagchaudhuri died of a cerebral infarction on 25 June 2006. He was survived by his wife, Dipali Nag, his son and his family. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basanti_Dulal_Nagchaudhuri

Takahiro Tamura, 77, Japanese movie and television actor, cerebral infarction. Cy Feuer, 95, American Broadway producer and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_May_2006

In September 2012, she contracted cerebral infarction, and became bedridden. She died at home on 21 January 2013 at the age of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/İsmet_Kür

... with cerebral infarction 434.1 Cerebral embolism 434.10 Cerebral embolism without cerebral infarction 434.11 Cerebral embolism ... Occlusion of cerebral arteries 434.0 Cerebral thrombosis 434.00 Cerebral thrombosis without cerebral infarction 434.01 Cerebral ... with cerebral infarction 435 Transient cerebral ischemia 435.0 Basilar artery syndrome 435.1 Vertebral artery syndrome 435.2 ... 415 Acute pulmonary heart disease 415.0 Acute cor pulmonale 415.1 Pulmonary embolism and infarction 415.11 Iatrogenic pulmonary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes_390–459:_diseases_of_the_circulatory_system

This leads to poor oxygen supply or cerebral hypoxia and thus leads to the death of brain tissue or cerebral infarction/ ... Partial cerebral cortex infarction from global brain ischemia typically manifests as watershed stroke. Use of biomarker is one ... If the brain becomes damaged irreversibly and infarction occurs, the symptoms may be permanent. Similar to cerebral hypoxia, ... "Bad Things Happen in Ischemia". WSU Emergency Medicine Cerebral Resuscitation Laboratory. Emergency Medicine Cerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_ischemia

Fluorescein angiography may demonstrate leakage in areas remote from the retinal infarctions. In a recent analysis (Susac et al ... and brain biopsy findings suggest a small vessel vasculopathy leading to arteriolar occlusion and microinfarction of cerebral, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susac's_syndrome

... cerebral vascular injury, myocardial infarction, sepsis) Certain medications (glucocorticoids, beta-blockers, thiazide ... diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and phenytoin) HHS is usually precipitated by an infection, myocardial infarction, stroke ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperosmolar_hyperglycemic_state

The corticospinal tract serves as the motor pathway for upper motor neuronal signals coming from the cerebral cortex and from ... can result in spinal cord infarction and paraplegia. In the dorsal column-medial lemniscus tract, a primary neuron's axon ... The actual blood flow caudally through these arteries, derived from the posterior cerebral circulation, is inadequate to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord

Goumah Died suffering from the complications of a cerebral infarction on 15 June 1953. Goumah started recording his diaries in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Loutfi_Goumah

H1N1 may induce other embolic events, such as myocardial infarction, bilateral massive DVT, arterial thrombus of infrarenal ... aorta, thrombosis of right external iliac vein and common femoral vein or cerebral gas embolism. The type of embolic events ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H1N1

Until he was partially disabled by a cerebral infarction, he was Director of the National Institute for Medical Research at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Medawar

Myocardial Ischemia/Infarction: A heart attack is often caused by a significant build-up of plaque (atherosclerosis) in the ... May 2010). "Cerebral ischaemic stroke and bilateral pheochromocytoma". BMJ Case Reports. 2010: bcr1220092535. doi:10.1136/bcr. ... Patients with pheochromocytoma present with myocardial infarctions despite an overall lack of plaque build-up, indicating a ... She quickly developed a hypertensive crisis leading to shock, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and dense right hemiplegia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheochromocytoma

Both individuals had had infarction of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA). One individual, a 72-year-old male, had difficulty ... with a large cerebral infarction of the medial surface of the left frontal lobe in the territory of the left anterior cerebral ... the main cause of damage is unilateral or bilateral infarction of cortex in the territory supplied by the anterior cerebral ... Oxygenated blood is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery to most medial portions of the frontal lobes and to the anterior ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_hand_syndrome

... otherwise known as a cerebral infarction. The signs and symptoms of cervical artery dissection are often non-specific or ... A complete occlusion of the artery can result in cerebral ischemia as the brain is depleted of oxygen-rich blood. Because the ... However, parts of the thrombus can break apart and result in emboli that can lodge themselves in distal cerebral arteries ... DeSai C, Hays Shapshak A (2021). "Cerebral Ischemia". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 32809345. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_artery_dissection

Some individuals are unable to recognize objects by touch because of a small cerebral infarction. Tactile Apperceptive Agnosia ... For example, patient JB suffered extensive damage to the parietal-occipital areas to the left cerebral hemisphere leading to ... "Patterns of Music Agnosia Associated with Middle Cerebral Artery Infarcts". Brain. 123 (9): 1926-1938. doi:10.1093/brain/123.9. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apperceptive_agnosia

... cerebral infarction, and hemorrhage. Technologies such as CT scans, MRIs, and angiography are used to map the shared vascular ... In total vertical craniopagus, the major cerebral arterial supply is usually confined to each respective twin and in some cases ... Thalamo-cortico-thalamic circuits are the looped neural pathways that connect the thalamus to the cerebral cortex, and then the ... An incomplete dural septum typically separates the flattened cerebral hemispheres. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniopagus_twins

His first son, Takahiro Tamura (who died on 16 May 2006 from a cerebral infarction), often spoke fondly about his father in ... On 7 July 1953, Bantsuma died at the age of 51 of cerebral hemorrhage while filming Abare-Jishi. A grave has been built in his ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsumasaburō_Bandō

In the elderly population, amyloid angiopathy is associated with cerebral infarcts as well as hemorrhage in superficial ... Other causes of intraparenchymal hemorrhage include hemorrhagic transformation of infarction which is usually in a classic ... Gross, Bradley A.; Jankowitz, Brian T.; Friedlander, Robert M. (2 April 2019). "Cerebral Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage: A Review ... Cerebral amyloid angiopathy Intracranial neoplasm Coagulopathy Hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic stroke Cerebral venous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraparenchymal_hemorrhage

Recent data have also shown that CALHM1 might facilitate the proteolytic degradation of the cerebral amyloid beta peptide, a ... "Optimism and health-relevant cognitions after a myocardial infarction". Psychological Reports. 67 (3 Pt 2): 1131-1135. doi: ... "CALHM1 deficiency impairs cerebral neuron activity and memory flexibility in mice". Sci Rep. 6 (24250): 24250. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CALHM1

A frequent cause of such complications is placental infarctions. In some cases, APS seems to be the leading cause of ... Hughes GR (October 1983). "Thrombosis, abortion, cerebral disease, and the lupus anticoagulant". Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiphospholipid_syndrome

There are various neuroimaging investigations that may detect cerebral sinus thrombosis. Cerebral edema and venous infarction ... Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis or cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), is the ... Poor outcome is more likely if a child with CVST develops seizures or has evidence of venous infarction on imaging. Cerebral ... "Efficacy of stenting in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis-related cerebral venous sinus stenosis". Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_venous_sinus_thrombosis

... cerebral infarction. Neil Mann, 88, Australian VFL football player and coach (Collingwood). Jean-Louis Michon, 88, French ... Ramon Dekkers, 43, Dutch kickboxer, eight-time Muay Thai world champion, myocardial infarction. David Dewaele, 36, French actor ... William Bennett, 56, American oboist (San Francisco Symphony), cerebral hemorrhage. Pedro Treto Cisneros, 73, Mexican baseball ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_February_2013

Damage to the central nervous system motor pathway from the cerebral cortex to the facial nuclei is found in the pons. This ... From anatomic studies on patients with unilateral infarction, motoneurons in the lower facial area were innervated bilaterally ... When central facial palsy occurs, there are lesions in the corticobulbar tract between the cerebral cortex. Because of these ... lesions of the corticobulbar tract between the cerebral cortex and pons and the facial motor nucleus destroy or reduce input to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_facial_palsy

Cerebral achromatopsia, also known as Color agnosia, is a category-specific semantic impairment pertaining to semantic color ... Associative visual agnosias are generally attributed to anterior left temporal lobe infarction (at the left inferior temporal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_visual_agnosia

CHP is applicable to tissue specimens from multiple species and a range of diseases, such as myocardial infarction, arthritis, ... "Detection and characterization of molecular-level collagen damage in overstretched cerebral arteries". Acta Biomaterialia. 67: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen_hybridizing_peptide

They can migrate to areas of inflammation and decrease infarction and improve cardiac function. Mesenchymal stem cells have the ... microbubble enhances migration and therapeutic efficacy of marrow mesenchymal stem cell on rat middle cerebral artery occlusion ... April 2006). "Monolayered mesenchymal stem cells repair scarred myocardium after myocardial infarction" (PDF). Nature Medicine ... siRNA promotes the homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate acute myocardial infarction in rats". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_uses_of_mesenchymal_stem_cells

See also Cerebral infarction and Stroke recovery Disease theory of alcoholism - problem drinking is sometimes caused by a ... Cerebral hemorrhage, Subdural hematoma, Aneurysm, Hydrocephalus ("water on the brain"), Cerebral shunt, Meningioma (tumors), ... It has the same general structure as the brains of other mammals, but with a more developed cerebral cortex than any other, ... The development of motor skill occurs in the motor cortex, the region of the cerebral cortex in the brain that controls ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_the_human_brain

Yair Clavijo, 18, Peruvian footballer, cerebral edema. Ronnie Cutrone, 65, American artist. Det de Beus, 55, Dutch Olympic ... myocardial infarction. Anatoly Budayev, 44, Belarusian footballer. John R. Deane, Jr., 94, American military officer, ... cerebral hemorrhage. Ray Strauss, 85, Australian cricketer. Jūgatsu Toi, 64, Japanese travel writer, lung cancer. Ersilio ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_July_2013

Acute Cerebral Stroke with Multiple Infarctions and COVID-19, France, 2020. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2020;26(9):2258-2260 ... Acute Cerebral Stroke with Multiple Infarctions and COVID-19, France, 2020 On This Page ... Acute Cerebral Stroke with Multiple Infarctions and COVID-19, France, 2020. Volume 26, Number 9-September 2020 ... Zayet S, Klopfenstein T, Kovẚcs R, Stancescu S, Hagenkötter B. Acute Cerebral Stroke with Multiple Infarctions and COVID-19, ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/9/20-1791_article

Avhandlingar om CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Sök bland 106693 avhandlingar från svenska högskolor och universitet på Avhandlingar.se. ... Sökning: cerebral infarction. Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 44 avhandlingar innehållade orden cerebral infarction. . ... Cerebral infarction; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Quality of life; Perfusion; Kirurgi; Sammanfattning : The mortality of ... infarction; middle cerebral artery; ischemia; mitogen-activated protein kinases; mortality; rats; reactive oxygen species; ...

https://www.avhandlingar.se/om/cerebral+infarction/

... binary categorization of patients according to the presence or absence of silent cerebral infarction (SCI). SCI have primarily ... binary categorization of patients according to the presence or absence of silent cerebral infarction (SCI). SCI have primarily ... with silent cerebral infarction, SCI- without silent cerebral infarction) for the liberal definition (left column), traditional ... Quantification of Silent Cerebral Infarction on High-Resolution FLAIR and Cognition in Sickle Cell Anemia. Hanne Stotesbury1*, ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.867329/full

Some infarctions clearly correspond to the vascular distribution of a major cerebral artery-usually the middle cerebral-but ... If this is the case, neonatal cerebral infarction may be responsible for some cases of hemiplegic cerebral palsy in babies ... "cerebral sludging." Interestingly, in our study neonatal cerebral infarction cases did not have a significantly higher mean ... and neonatal cerebral infarction was found in 12% of infants presenting with neonatal seizures. Cerebral ultrasound scans ...

https://fn.bmj.com/content/76/2/F88

Large hemispheric infarction (LHI) is associated with a high likelihood of the evolution of life-threatening edema. ... Outcomes and resource use of patients with large hemispheric infarction and cerebral edema: analysis of real-world data. ... 2Foutcomes-and-resource-use-of-patients-with-large-hemispheric-infarction-and-cerebral-edema-analysis-of-real-world-data%2F& ... 2Foutcomes-and-resource-use-of-patients-with-large-hemispheric-infarction-and-cerebral-edema-analysis-of-real-world-data%2F& ...

https://www.analysisgroup.com/Insights/publishing/outcomes-and-resource-use-of-patients-with-large-hemispheric-infarction-and-cerebral-edema-analysis-of-real-world-data/

Multiple Facial Fractures and Carotid Artery Occlusion with Resulting Cerebral Infarction - exh75780b. Medical Exhibit. Add to ... Vertebral Artery Dissection with Development of Emboli Resulting in Cerebral Infarction - Medical Illustration, Human Anatomy ... Vertebral Artery Dissection with Development of Emboli Resulting in Cerebral Infarction - Medical Illustration, Human Anatomy ... Internal Carotid Artery Dissection with Subsequent Cerebral Embolism - exh41595. Medical Exhibit. Add to my lightbox. Find More ...

https://www.doereport.com/generateexhibit.php?ID=11858&ExhibitKeywordsRaw=&TL=&A=

ICD 10 code for Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right posterior cerebral artery. Get free rules ... 064 Intracranial hemorrhage or cerebral infarction with mcc. *065 Intracranial hemorrhage or cerebral infarction with cc or tpa ... Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right posterior cerebral artery. 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 ... I63.531 Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of right posterior cerebral artery ...

https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/I00-I99/I60-I69/I63-/I63.531

We report an acute EO exposure case in which the patient suffered from RCVS with cerebral infarction, which previous literature ... According to clinical features and imaging findings, RCVS with cerebral infarction can be diagnosed. The patient was sensitive ... To our knowledge, this work is the first documented case of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) with cerebral ... head MRA and CTA respectively showed diffuse vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries. Fifty-nine days after EO inhalation, head ...

https://bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12883-021-02429-9/metrics

Glibenclamide Likely Prevents and Treats Severe Cerebral Edema in Patients with Large Hemisphere Infarction and Traumatic Brain ... for Severe Cerebral Edema Following Large Hemispheric Infarction , The primary objective of this currently ongoing trial for ... In cases of LHI and TBI, cerebral edema of 11 mL or greater in volume is strongly linked to neurological damage and, in many ... The presence of elevated SUR1 in cerebral spinal fluid has been shown to serve as a biomarker for clinical outcome for TBI4. ...

https://www.umms.org/ummc/pros/physician-briefs/neurosciences/reduce-cerebral-edema

Clinical course and surgical management of massive cerebral infarction. ... Clinical course and surgical management of massive cerebral infarction. Journal Article (Journal Article) ... The interval between infarction and clinical evidence of herniation varied from 24 hours to 10 days. Two patients died, five ... OBJECTIVE: Acute occlusion of the proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) can lead to rapid development of fatal brain swelling ...

https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub1506594

Cerebral infarction. Cerebral infarction as a consequence of meningitic vasculitis may be found. CT scanning may show low- ... In some instances, low serum sodium is due to cerebral salt wasting rather than SIADH. Unlike SIADH, cerebral salt wasting is ... Elevation of CSF lactate in Hib meningitis may be due to cerebral edema or changes in cell membranes or cellular energy ... Hib meningitis-associated infarction tends to be found in the subcortical white matter, cerebellum, and brainstem. ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1164916-169096/what-is-the-role-of-ct-scanning-in-the-workup-of-haemophilus-influenzae-type-b-hib-meningitis

Ranganadham P, Mohandas S, Kishore LT, Sundaram C, Dinakar I. Chronic cerebral venous infarction. Journal of the Indian Medical ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/104835?locale=fr

Cerebral Infarction Female Hematologic Diseases Humans Polymorphism, Genetic Risk Factors Thrombomodulin Whites Womens Health ... Thrombomodulin Ala455Val Polymorphism and the risk of cerebral infarction in a biracial population: the Stroke Prevention in ... Thrombomodulin Ala455Val Polymorphism and the risk of cerebral infarction in a biracial population: the Stroke Prevention in ... Title : Thrombomodulin Ala455Val Polymorphism and the risk of cerebral infarction in a biracial population: the Stroke ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/27794

The article talks about the stroke or infarction in the brain cells. This is a fatal and dangerous condition due to the loss of ... Cerebral Infarction: Brain Attack. By: Geetanjali Murari , Category: Healthcare , Date: 2013-06-22 09:08:34 , Views: 2837 ... There are two types of brain infarction, based on the location of destruction. The deficiency of blood occurs in the cerebral ... Both types of infarction can lead to serious complications such as brain damage or even death. The blocked arteries are a ...

https://www.biotecharticles.com/Healthcare-Article/Cerebral-Infarction-Brain-Attack-2984.html

... prior cerebral infarction have a higher stroke risk during long-term follow-up than those without prior cerebral infarction. ... Our aim was to evaluate the impact of prior cerebral infarction in patients enrolled in the Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial ... prior cerebral infarction was associated with a greater risk of stroke (hazard ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.95 ... 1331 with evidence of previous cerebral infarction, defined as a history of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack , 6 ...

https://www.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/publications/634665

cerebral infarction Keyword - 1 Result(s). C. [cerebral infarction] Development of a novel therapeutic drug, TMS-007, for ...

https://www.rpip.tohoku.ac.jp/seeds/keyword/word:cerebral%20infarction/lang:en/

These arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral ... Anterior Cerebral Artery" by people in this website by year, and whether "Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery" was a major or ... "Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery" by people in Profiles. ...

https://profiles.jefferson.edu/display/24503

CI cardiac insufficiency; cerebral infarction. CID cytomegalic inclusiondisease. CIS carcinoma in situ ...

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/manuals/2020/2a-appendix-2020.htm

Want to prevent cerebral infarction? Doctor: Do 4 things daily, blood lipids will decrease! ... Statins and aspirin should be taken for lifetime after cerebral infarction?. *Why do patients with cerebral infarction need to ... 4 TIPS to prevent cerebral infarction. Want to prevent cerebral infarction? Doctor: Do 4 things daily, blood lipids will ... and increase the risk of cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. Will greatly increase. ...

https://medicaltrend.org/2021/01/23/4-tips-to-prevent-cerebral-infarction/

Every year, almost 8000 foreign students take admission in Philippines Medical universities and out of which around 50% are Indian students. The standard of education in Philippines universities is well known around the world. Thousands of doctors from these medical universities are sent to various countries like USA and UK every year. There are around 2299 higher educational institutions and 40 medical colleges. The main benefits of pursuing MD degree ...

https://www.medicinembbs.com/2010/12/images-for-cerebral-infarction.html

Cerebral infarction. I63.P. Prevent stroke. I70. Atherosclerosis. I70.P. Prevent atherosclerosis. ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2017-2018/RXQ_RX_J.htm

Cerebrovascular disease; CVA; Cerebral infarction; Cerebral hemorrhage; Ischemic stroke; Stroke - ischemic; Cerebrovascular ... This is called cerebral embolism, or an embolic stroke. Ischemic strokes may also be caused by a sticky substance called plaque ... Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA; condition in which proteins called amyloid build up on the walls of the arteries in the brain ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000726.htm

1998) Mitochondrial susceptibility to oxidative stress exacerbates cerebral infarction that follows permanent focal cerebral ... 1996) Very delayed infarction after mild focal cerebral ischemia: a role for apoptosis? J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16:195-201. ... Physiological data and cerebral infarction. Physiological parameters showed no significant differences in mean arterial blood ... There were no differences in the anatomy of the cerebral vasculature and cerebral blood flow after ischemia between the Sod2 ...

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/19/9/3414

Imaging results can also exclude neoplasm and cerebral infarction.. Physiologic imaging studies (eg, PET and SPECT) of patients ... PET may help differentiate TD and other disorders with minimal gross cerebral structural changes [18] from disorders with ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1151826-overview

Cerebral infarction. *. Guillain-Barré syndrome. * Musculoskeletal manifestations [55, 56, 57] *. Polyarthralgias. *. Acute ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/966785-clinical

Cerebral infarction.. *Carotid atherosclerosis.. *Hypertension.. *Microcirculation abnormalities.. Respiratory. *Rhino-pharyngo ...

https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/arsenic/clinical_assessment.html

Cerebral Infarction Market Report provides a detailed analysis of the Cerebral Infarction Market Size, Epidemiology, Drug ... 15.1.1. Cerebral Infarction Total Market Size in the United States. 15.1.2. Cerebral Infarction Market Size by Therapies in the ... 15.7.1. Cerebral Infarction Total Market Size in the United Kingdom. 15.7.2. Cerebral Infarction Market Size by Therapies in ... Cerebral Infarction Drugs Uptake. This section focuses on the rate of uptake of the potential Cerebral Infarction drugs ...

https://www.delveinsight.com/report-store/cerebral-infarction-market

... for Severe Cerebral Edema Following Large Hemispheric Infarction (CHARM). The safety and scientific validity of this study is ... for Severe Cerebral Edema Following Large Hemispheric Infarction. ... A large hemispheric infarction defined as; lesion volume of 80 to 300 centimeters cubed (cm^3) on magnetic resonance imaging ( ... Infarction. Edema. Ischemia. Pathologic Processes. Necrosis. Cerebrovascular Disorders. Brain Diseases. Central Nervous System ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02864953?term=BIIB093&rank=1%20

On April 3 (day 9 of hospitalization), dysarthria, cated as potential causes of cerebral stroke, such as left hemiplegia, and alteration of consciousness de- herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, Trepo- veloped. (cdc.gov)
Cerebral magnetic resonance image (MRI) showing acute ischemic stroke in multiple vascular areas of 2 coronavirus disease patients, France. (cdc.gov)
Embolization from these thrombi has been regarded as the most important cause of stroke following a myocardial infarction. (avhandlingar.se)
Most often, stroke results from blockage of an artery in the brain leading to tissue infarction within the perfusion territory of the affected vessel. (avhandlingar.se)
In earlier research, Dr. Simard discovered this SUR1-TRPM4 channel (formerly the SUR1-regulated NCCa-ATP channel) and its role in causing cerebral edema after ischemic stroke. (umms.org)
Nine patients had right MCA stroke, and three had left MCA infarction. (duke.edu)
The article talks about the stroke or infarction in the brain cells. (biotecharticles.com)
The blocked arteries are a significant factor for the stroke or brain infarction. (biotecharticles.com)
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) evidence of brain infarction is common in older men and women without a clinical history of stroke. (biotecharticles.com)
Ten-year risk of stroke in patients with previous cerebral infarction and the impact of carotid surgery in the Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial. (ox.ac.uk)
At 10 years follow-up, stroke was more common among participants with cerebral infarction before randomization (absolute risk increase 5.8% (1.8-9.8), p = 0.004), and the risk of stroke and vascular death was also higher in this group (absolute risk increase 6.9% (1.9-12.0), p = 0.007). (ox.ac.uk)
On multivariate analysis, prior cerebral infarction was associated with a greater risk of stroke (hazard ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.95, p = 0.002) and of stroke or other vascular death (hazard ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.52, p = 0.001). (ox.ac.uk)
CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic carotid stenosis patients with prior cerebral infarction have a higher stroke risk during long-term follow-up than those without prior cerebral infarction. (ox.ac.uk)
This is called cerebral embolism, or an embolic stroke. (medlineplus.gov)
Stroke caused by cerebral venous thrombosis is defined as infarction or hemorrhage in the brain, spinal cord, or retina because of thrombosis of a cerebral venous structure. (medscape.com)
Symptoms or signs caused by reversible edema without infarction or hemorrhage do not qualify as stroke. (medscape.com)
AHA/ASA recommends against the use of the term "hemorrhagic stroke" because it may refer to both hemorrhage that occurs after CNS infarction or primary ICH or SAH. (medscape.com)
There was no overall association between potassium, calcium, or magnesium intake and the risk of any stroke or cerebral infarction. (medscape.com)
Cerebral infarction is the most common form of stroke (80% of strokes). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Acute 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Features of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Associated with Ipsilateral Cerebral Infarction in Minor Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack. (ox.ac.uk)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause an increased risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction and stroke, which can be fatal. (nih.gov)
To evaluate in a prospective multicentre setting the feasibility of transcranial colour coded duplex sonography (TCCS) for examination of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in patients with acute hemispheric stroke, and to assess the validity of sonographic findings in a subgroup of patients who also had a correlative angiographic examination. (bmj.com)
She was admitted under the care of the acute stroke team, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain confirmed right middle cerebral artery territory infarction. (bmj.com)
In this study, using a murine transient middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model, a novel therapeutic strategy is proposed, where blood replacement (BR) robustly reduces infarctions and improves neurological deficits in mice. (nature.com)
In this study, using a murine transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) stroke model, we present a therapeutic strategy for stroke-a blood replacement (BR) that substitutes stroke mouse blood with whole blood obtained from naive, healthy donor mice. (nature.com)
Using an experimental stroke animal model of tMCAO, we demonstrated that infarction evolves following a 90 min tMCAO and reperfusion (Supplementary Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
We determined larger infarction from stroke mice at 23 h compared to 6 h, indicating that the injury evolves over time after removals of filaments in MCA-occluded stroke mice. (nature.com)
The usual differential diagnosis for posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke includes other vascular diseases such as intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral venous infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and subdural hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
If a blood clot (blood clot) completely blocks an artery, myocardial infarction, stroke (cerebral infarction-cerebral hemorrhage) may occur and death may occur. (tekdeeps.com)
An ischemic stroke is death of an area of brain tissue (cerebral infarction) resulting from an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to the brain due to blockage of an artery. (msdmanuals.com)
Overview of Stroke A stroke occurs when an artery to the brain becomes blocked or ruptures, resulting in death of an area of brain tissue due to loss of its blood supply (cerebral infarction) and symptoms that. (msdmanuals.com)
Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. (bvs.br)

Usually sitting or lying down for a long time, lack of physical exercise will not only increase the incidence of diseases, but also slow down the blood flow, increase the formation of blood clots, and increase the risk of cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. (medicaltrend.org)
These findings suggest that potassium and magnesium intakes are inversely associated with the risk of cerebral infarction among hypertensive women. (medscape.com)

We have reported that cytosolic redistribution of cytochrome c in vivo occurred after transient focal cerebral ischemia (FCI) in rats and preceded the peak of DNA fragmentation. (jneurosci.org)
The per-conditioning remote ischemic (Per-CID) showed a neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia by reducing the final size of cerebral infarction animal models. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The per-CID corresponds, in cases of cerebral ischemia, to iterative ischemia realization of a member with a cuff. (clinicaltrials.gov)
metabolic acidosis, arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia or infarction, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, although any organ system might be involved. (cdc.gov)
Cerebral ischemia is one of the most common causes of disabilities in adults and leads to long-term motor and cognitive impairments with limited therapeutic possibilities. (elsevier.com)
Treatment options have proven efficient in preclinical models of cerebral ischemia but have failed in the clinical setting. (elsevier.com)
The aim of this study was to determine long-term functional outcomes after cerebral ischemia in rats, focusing on fine motor function, social and depressive behavior as clinically relevant measures. (elsevier.com)
When a minor-risk cardioembolic source is present in a patient with cerebral ischemia, the etiologic role must be viewed with skepticism and considered in the context of other diagnostic information. (medscape.com)
It mediates detrimental or beneficial roles in neuroinflammatory disorders including cerebral ischemia. (bvsalud.org)
Although the link between S1P₁ and microglial activation as a pathogenesis in cerebral ischemia had been clearly demonstrated, whether the pathogenic role of S1P₁ is associated with its regulation of M1/M2 polarization remains unclear. (bvsalud.org)
Overall, these results revealed S1P₁-regulated M1/M2 polarization toward brain damage as a pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. (bvsalud.org)
1. Tapeinos C, Battaglini M, Marino A, Ciofani G. Smart diagnostic nano- agents for cerebral ischemia. (shefayekhatam.ir)

Dominant hemisphere involvement and inclusion of the anterior cerebral artery or posterior cerebral artery were related with borderline unfavorable outcomes (p=0.103 and 0.077). (jksgn.org)
Arboix A, Arbe G, García-Eroles L, Oliveres M, Parra O, Massons J. Infarctions in the vascular territory of the posterior cerebral artery: clinical features in 232 patients. (medscape.com)
Isolated lateral thalamic infarction: the role of posterior cerebral artery disease. (medscape.com)
Posterior cerebral artery territory infarcts in the New England Medical Center Posterior Circulation Registry. (medscape.com)
Posterior cerebral artery territory infarcts: clinical features, infarct topography, causes and outcome. (medscape.com)
Confusional states following posterior cerebral artery infarction. (medscape.com)
Capitani E, Laiacona M, Pagani R, Capasso R, Zampetti P, Miceli G. Posterior cerebral artery infarcts and semantic category dissociations: a study of 28 patients. (medscape.com)
Characteristics of posterior cerebral artery aneurysms: an angiographic analysis of 93 aneurysms in 81 patients. (medscape.com)
associated with hypoplasia or absence of connection between the basilar artery and the ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery. (radiologykey.com)

We report our results on the study of of elderly patients treated with decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction and compare them with the results from young patents. (jksgn.org)
This is a retrospective review of patients who developed malignant middle cerebral artery infarction and underwent decompressive craniectomy. (jksgn.org)
Decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction in eldery patients is effective. (jksgn.org)

OBJECTIVE: Acute occlusion of the proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) can lead to rapid development of fatal brain swelling and ischemic strokes. (duke.edu)
We investigated the baseline configuration of circle of Willis and the occlusion pattern of each cerebral artery and divided patients into middle cerebral artery (MCA) only group and MCA plus group by CT angiography. (ajou.ac.kr)
We have previously found that sphingosine 1-phospate receptor subtype 1 (S1P₁) in post-ischemic brain following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) can trigger microglial activation, leading to brain damage. (bvsalud.org)

A left ventricular thrombus develops in approximately 40% of patients following an anterior myocardial infarction. (avhandlingar.se)
Research in sickle cell anemia (SCA) has used, with limited race-matched control data, binary categorization of patients according to the presence or absence of silent cerebral infarction (SCI). (frontiersin.org)
The objective of this study was to describe the management, in-hospital outcomes, and direct healthcare resource burden of patients with LHI, as well as those of patients with subsequent cerebral edema. (analysisgroup.com)
The burden was substantially increased among patients who developed cerebral edema. (analysisgroup.com)
In patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis, similar adverse associations were claimed, but the impact of previous infarction or symptoms on the beneficial effects of carotid endarterectomy is not clear. (ox.ac.uk)
Our aim was to evaluate the impact of prior cerebral infarction in patients enrolled in the Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial, a large trial with 10-year follow-up in which participants whose carotid stenosis had not caused symptoms for at least six months were randomly allocated either immediate or deferred carotid endarterectomy. (ox.ac.uk)
In humans, the per-CID has shown a cardioprotective effect in a randomized control trial involving 250 patients within 6 first hours of myocardial infarction and candidate for primary angioplasty. (clinicaltrials.gov)
A prospective study investigated the prevalence of extracranial carotid arterial disease by carotid duplex ultrasonography, and evaluated its correlation with the incidence of atherothrombotic brain infarction or cerebral transient ischemic attack in 949 patients, mean age 82 ± 8 years. (elsevier.com)
The average annual incidence of atherothrombotic brain infarction was 37% in patients with 80%-100% extracranial carotid disease, 9% in patients with 40%-80% extracranial carotid disease, and 4% in patients with 0%-40% extracranial carotid disease. (elsevier.com)
Patients with an earlier atherothrombotic brain infarction had a 2.1x higher probability of developing atherothrombotic brain infarction and a 1.9x higher chance of developing transient ischemic attack than those without an earlier atherothrombotic brain infarction. (elsevier.com)
Timing of Hospital Presentation After Acute Cerebral Infarction and Patients' Acceptance. (annals.edu.sg)

These arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower body. (jefferson.edu)
Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g. (bvsalud.org)
The oculomotor nuclear complex (ONC) and the initial parts of the nerve fibers are located within the tegmentum of the midbrain, which is in turn situated at the level of the tentorial notch, where it is surrounded by parts of the diencephalon, cerebellum, and cerebral hemisphere (Parent and Carpenter, 1995). (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

Analysis of carotid vulnerable plaque MRI high-risk features and clinical risk factors associated with concomitant acute cerebral infarction. (bvsalud.org)
This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the high- risk characteristics of high-resolution MRI carotid vulnerable plaques and the clinical risk factors and concomitant acute cerebral infarction (ACI). (bvsalud.org)
Clinical manifestation of acute cerebral infarcts in multiple arterial territories. (uib.no)

In clinical practice neonatal cerebral infarction is a relatively common cause of neonatal seizures, often presenting as focal convulsions in an otherwise healthy full term neonate on the postnatal wards. (bmj.com)
Osmotic and corticosteroid approaches to reducing cerebral edema have proven to be inadequate and lack clinical evidence for their efficacy. (umms.org)
The presence of elevated SUR1 in cerebral spinal fluid has been shown to serve as a biomarker for clinical outcome for TBI 4 . (umms.org)
Clinical course and surgical management of massive cerebral infarction. (duke.edu)
The interval between infarction and clinical evidence of herniation varied from 24 hours to 10 days. (duke.edu)
Cerebral infarction is a relatively common disease in clinical practice. (medicaltrend.org)
It also helps to understand the Cerebral Infarction clinical trial details, expressive pharmacological action, agreements and collaborations, approval and patent details, advantages and disadvantages of each included drug and the latest news and press releases. (delveinsight.com)
Ford was among the first clinicians who put together a concise review of clinical and pathological aspects of cerebral birth injuries in his first book Cerebral Birth Injuries and Their Results, which was published in 1927 [ 100 ]. (jicna.org)

[ 45 ] Catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (CAPS) is a multisystem failure secondary to thrombosis, infarction, or both and has a picture of microangiopathy on histology. (medscape.com)
Cerebral venous thrombosis after BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. (wordpress.com)

it is one cause of spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. (bmj.com)
3 7 It has been our practice to counsel parents about the likelihood of hemiplegic cerebral palsy when the diagnosis of neonatal cerebral infarction is established in the neonatal period. (bmj.com)
Wu, Y.W. and Colford, J.M. Jr (2000) Chorioamnionitis as a risk factor for cerebral palsy, a meta-analysis. (scirp.org)
Maternal and foetal risk factors of cerebral palsy among Iraqi children. (scirp.org)
ABSTRACT: Background: The importance of studying cerebral palsy comes from the fact that, this disorder imposes huge burden families psychologically, emotionally, financially and socially. (scirp.org)
In Iraq, risk factors of cerebral palsy have not been explored before. (scirp.org)
Our study objective was to measure the association between, maternal factors, foetal and early neonatal factors, and occurrence of cerebral palsy among Iraqi children. (scirp.org)
Postnatal risk factors of cerebral palsy were excluded in our study. (scirp.org)
Cases and controls were fully investtigated (retrospectively) for the risk factors of cerebral palsy using a self-administered questionnaire. (scirp.org)
Results and conclusion: 84% of the mothers of Cerebral Palsy children were employed compared to 49% of the mothers of normal children who were employed (P value 0.00). (scirp.org)
Our study came to a conclusion that neonatal asphyxia, hypoglycemia and hypocalcaemia were still the major risk factors for cerebral palsy In Iraq. (scirp.org)
Facial nerve palsy has many etiologies, such as viruses, facial trauma, iatrogenesis, tumors, idiopathic conditions, cerebral infarction and pseudobulbar palsy, as a result of which it is rarely observed during dental treatment. (bvsalud.org)
A preterm baby has added risk of developing neurodevelopmental difficulties and having physical disabilities and behavior problems, like autism and cerebral palsy. (medicalxpress.com)

Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (jefferson.edu)
NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. (jefferson.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery" by people in this website by year, and whether "Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (jefferson.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery" by people in Profiles. (jefferson.edu)
Cryptogenic middle cerebral artery infarction in pure red cell aplasia" by Sajjad Ali, Salman Adil et al. (aku.edu)
We report a case of unexplained middle cerebral artery infarction in a 32-year-old woman with PRCA. (aku.edu)
저자들은 혈관 전산화단층촬영(CT angiography)에 의해 확인된 환자들의 윌리스 고리의 기본적 구조 및 폐색양상에 따라 단독중대뇌동맥(Middle cerebral artery[MCA]-only)와 복합중대뇌동맥(MCA-plus) 폐색으로 구분 하였다. (ajou.ac.kr)
The internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery divide into several branches, including the cerebral arteries. (msdmanuals.com)
The heart was established as an important source for the development of emboli when Gowers, in 1875, described a case of left middle cerebral artery and retinal artery emboli. (medscape.com)

METHODS Twelve cases of unilateral neonatal cerebral infarction were identified from neonatal unit records for the years 1987-93. (bmj.com)
RESULTS All cases of neonatal cerebral infarction occurred in full term infants. (bmj.com)
The prevalence was around 1 in 4000, and neonatal cerebral infarction was found in 12% of infants presenting with neonatal seizures. (bmj.com)
One infant with neonatal cerebral infarction developed a hemiparesis, the other 11 had normal motor development when assessed at 11-60 (median 33) months. (bmj.com)
CONCLUSIONS Neonatal cerebral infarction is a relatively common cause of neonatal seizures, but the aetiology remains unclear. (bmj.com)
Neonatal cerebral infarction is sometimes not even listed in tables of the causes of neonatal seizures in these texts, while rarities such as pyridoxine dependency are always mentioned. (bmj.com)
Levy et al 6 have suggested that neonatal cerebral infarction is the second most common identifiable cause of seizures in full term infants. (bmj.com)
However, we have recently seen a series of babies with normal neurological outcome after neonatal cerebral infarction has been diagnosed by cerebral ultrasound scans, computed tomography, or both. (bmj.com)
This retrospective review was carried out to determine how frequently neonatal seizures in term infants could be attributed to neonatal cerebral infarction in our inborn babies, and to look for any perinatal risk factors that may give a clue to aetiology, in a case-control study. (bmj.com)
We also looked at the medium term neurodevelopmental outcome following neonatal cerebral infarct. (bmj.com)
Individual patient records were then searched to establish, wherever possible, the aetiology of the seizures, and to identify the subgroup of neonates in whom imaging had revealed neonatal cerebral infarction to be the probable cause. (bmj.com)

Large hemispheric infarction (LHI) is associated with a high likelihood of the evolution of life-threatening edema. (analysisgroup.com)
The primary objective of Part 1 of the study is to determine if BIIB093 improves functional outcome at Day 90 as measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) when compared with placebo in participants with Large Hemispheric Infarction (LHI). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Der grobe ischämische Hemisphäreninfarkt („large hemispheric infarction", LHI, Synonym maligner Mediainfarkt, MMI) ist eine schwerwiegende neurologische Erkrankung mit hoher Mortalität und Morbidität. (bvsalud.org)

Apart from the local manifestations of periodontal disease such as destruction of tooth-supporting structures, tooth mobility and tooth loss [2], based on observational studies, there is strong evidence about a relationship between periodontitis and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and cerebral vasculature, including myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident [4], indicating the importance of the diagnosis and proper treatment of periodontal diseases. (bvsalud.org)

The CT scan or MRI scan will help in the diagnosis of brain infarction. (biotecharticles.com)
The DelveInsight's Cerebral Infarction market report gives a thorough understanding of the Cerebral Infarction by including details such as disease definition, symptoms, causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. (delveinsight.com)

The deficiency of blood occurs in the cerebral cortex due to damage of the carotid arteries. (biotecharticles.com)
The Cox proportional hazard model showed that among the variables evaluated, the severity of extracranial carotid disease correlated with the highest relative risk of developing atherothrombotic brain infarction (2.5x higher relative risk) or transient ischemic attack (2.8x higher relative risk). (elsevier.com)

There was also no connection between hospitalisation rates for myocardial infarctions with the initial Covid wave compared to pre-pandemic baselines in Israel. (wordpress.com)

Los infartos del cerebro se clasifican generalmente por el hemisferior afectado (es decir, izquierdo o derecho), lóbulos (por ejemplo, infarto del lóbulo frontal), distribución arterial (por ejemplo, INFARTO DE LA ARTERIA CEREBRAL ANTERIOR) y etiología (por ejemplo, infarto embólico). (bvsalud.org)

The loss of blood flow into the brain stem leads to brainstem infarction. (biotecharticles.com)
Consciousness is lost when the function of both cerebral hemispheres or the brainstem reticular activating system is compromised. (mhmedical.com)
Syncope is loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to both cerebral hemispheres or the brainstem . (mhmedical.com)

Computed tomography revealed a left ventricular tumor and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, while MRI of the brain showed small infarctions in the occipital lobe. (nih.gov)

In cases of LHI and TBI, cerebral edema of 11 mL or greater in volume is strongly linked to neurological damage and, in many cases, death. (umms.org)
Currently, decompressive craniectomy is the only clinically proven treatment for cerebral edema that both reduces mortality and leads to improvements in neurological function, but that treatment is not without its own risks. (umms.org)
2 He holds a patent for "A novel non-selective cation channel in neural cells and methods for treating brain swelling" for the use of SUR1 antagonists such as glibenclamide and tolbutamide that target this channel to reduce cerebral edema. (umms.org)
MRI shows multiple infarctions in the distal tibia, tarsal bones and metatarsal bones (extensive bone marrow edema and increased T1 with fat saturation signal in the calcaneus bones). (medscape.com)
Triamcinolone is also effective in congenital adrenal hyperplasia of cerebral edema and rheumatic diseases. (firedrug.com)

Therefore, to prevent the occurrence of cerebral infarction, it is best to avoid smoking and drinking. (medicaltrend.org)

Cerebral Cavernous Malformation: What a Practicing Clinician Should Know. (nih.gov)

Despite antithrombotic treatment with trif lusal and immunotherapies, including corticosteroids, mycophenolate mofetil, and immunoglobulins, for cerebral vasculitis associated infarction, her neurologic deficits worsened with recurrent cerebral infarction. (j-nn.org)

5 Herein, we report a case of intractable, progressive cerebral infarction in an SLE patient presenting evidence of vasculitis involving cerebral arteries with multiple cerebral aneurysms and suspicious vasculitis involving cerebral veins. (j-nn.org)

As with patient 1, this patient had no non-central nervous system thrombotic events (e.g., pulmonary embolisms, abdominal visceral infarction). (cdc.gov)

The treatment methods basically depend on the mode of infarction. (biotecharticles.com)
This segment of the report covers the detailed diagnostic methods or tests for Cerebral Infarction. (delveinsight.com)

DelveInsight's 'Cerebral Infarction Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast-2032' report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Cerebral Infarction, historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the Cerebral Infarction market trends in the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and United Kingdom) and Japan. (delveinsight.com)
The Cerebral Infarction epidemiology section provides insights about the historical and current Cerebral Infarction patient pool and forecasted trends for individual seven major countries. (delveinsight.com)
The disease epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted Cerebral Infarction epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032. (delveinsight.com)
The epidemiology segment also provides the Cerebral Infarction epidemiology data and findings across the United States, EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan. (delveinsight.com)

Cerebral ultrasound scans failed to demonstrate lesions seen by computed tomography in nine of 12 cases. (bmj.com)

Successful reperfusion was achieved higher in MCA-only group [Thrombolysis in Cerebral infarction (TICI) classification 2b-3 14/33 (42.4%) vs. 3/21 (14.3%), p=0.030]. (ajou.ac.kr)

IMSEAR at SEARO: Chronic cerebral venous infarction. (who.int)
Chronic cerebral venous infarction. (who.int)

Brain computed tomographic scan revealed many recent ischemic infarctions in different vascular areas, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain confirmed this finding ( Figure ). (cdc.gov)
2019. Association Between Unrecognized Myocardial Infarction and Cerebral Infarction on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. . (cornell.edu)

The Cerebral Infarction market report provides current treatment practices, emerging drugs, Cerebral Infarction market share of the individual therapies, current and forecasted Cerebral Infarction market Size from 2019 to 2032 segmented by seven major markets. (delveinsight.com)

Anatomy21

Organisms6

Diseases89

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment78

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes24

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science7

Named Groups1

Health Care39

Geographicals2

Transforming growth factor-alpha acting at the epidermal growth factor receptor reduces infarct volume after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. (1/3121)

Synergistic protective effects of antioxidant and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in transient focal ischemia. (2/3121)

N-Acetylaspartate distribution in rat brain striatum during acute brain ischemia. (3/3121)

Early diagnosis of central nervous system aspergillosis with combination use of cerebral diffusion-weighted echo-planar magnetic resonance image and polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid. (4/3121)

Delayed increase in infarct volume after cerebral ischemia: correlations with thrombolytic treatment and clinical outcome. (5/3121)

Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. (6/3121)

An 18-mer peptide fragment of prosaposin ameliorates place navigation disability, cortical infarction, and retrograde thalamic degeneration in rats with focal cerebral ischemia. (7/3121)

Factor V Leiden and antibodies against phospholipids and protein S in a young woman with recurrent thromboses and abortion. (8/3121)

Cerebral Infarction

Infarction

Myocardial Infarction

Cerebral Arteries

Cerebral Hemorrhage

Cerebrovascular Disorders

Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis

Cerebrovascular Circulation

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery

Cerebral Angiography

Brain Ischemia

Brain

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Middle Cerebral Artery

Cerebral Palsy

Ischemic Attack, Transient

Stroke

Time Factors

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Vasospasm, Intracranial

Brain Edema

Risk Factors

Acute Disease

Prospective Studies

Treatment Outcome

Brain Infarction

Malaria, Cerebral

Intracranial Thrombosis

Hemiplegia

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Cerebral Veins

Thrombolytic Therapy

Electrocardiography

Brain Stem Infarctions

Retrospective Studies

Japan

Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Disease Models, Animal

Intracranial Aneurysm

Intracranial Arteriosclerosis

Intracranial Embolism

Cerebral Arterial Diseases

Fibrinolytic Agents

Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime

Moyamoya Disease

Neurologic Examination

Coronary Angiography

Arterial Occlusive Diseases

Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Medicine, East Asian Traditional

Neuroprotective Agents

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary

Incidence

Intracranial Hemorrhages

Oximes

Recurrence

Prognosis

Predictive Value of Tests

Aphasia, Wernicke

Organotechnetium Compounds

Brain Diseases

Splenic Infarction

Encephalocele

Age Factors

Cerebral Revascularization

Carotid Artery Diseases

Blood Pressure

Aspirin

Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction

Carotid Artery Thrombosis

Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors

Hypertension

Carotid Arteries

Iofetamine

Blood Flow Velocity

Xenon Radioisotopes

Carotid Artery, Internal

Dominance, Cerebral

Myocardial Reperfusion