Cerebral infarction. Medical search

The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).

Formation of an infarct, which is NECROSIS in tissue due to local ISCHEMIA resulting from obstruction of BLOOD CIRCULATION, most commonly by a THROMBUS or EMBOLUS.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.

Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.

A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.

Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in arterial or venous structures.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.

Radiography of the vascular system of the brain after injection of a contrast medium.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.

The largest of the cerebral arteries. It trifurcates into temporal, frontal, and parietal branches supplying blood to most of the parenchyma of these lobes in the CEREBRAL CORTEX. These are the areas involved in motor, sensory, and speech activities.

A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)

Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN).

Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.

A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM (and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p136)

Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body. This condition is usually caused by BRAIN DISEASES that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite to the side of weakness. Less frequently, BRAIN STEM lesions; cervical SPINAL CORD DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The term hemiparesis (see PARESIS) refers to mild to moderate weakness involving one side of the body.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL). Branches of the anterior cerebral artery supply the CAUDATE NUCLEUS; INTERNAL CAPSULE; PUTAMEN; SEPTAL NUCLEI; GYRUS CINGULI; and surfaces of the FRONTAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE.

Veins draining the cerebrum.

Use of infusions of FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS to destroy or dissolve thrombi in blood vessels or bypass grafts.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA. There are several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)

Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.

Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.

Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are due to abnormalities or pathological processes in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY.

Fibrinolysin or agents that convert plasminogen to FIBRINOLYSIN.

A gamma-emitting RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING agent used in the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow and in non-invasive dynamic biodistribution studies and MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING. It has also been used to label leukocytes in the investigation of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES.

A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.

Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervous system.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

Medical practice or discipline that is based on the knowledge, cultures, and beliefs of the people in EAST ASIA.

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

Dilation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.

Compounds that contain the radical R2C=N.OH derived from condensation of ALDEHYDES or KETONES with HYDROXYLAMINE. Members of this group are CHOLINESTERASE REACTIVATORS.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Impairment in the comprehension of speech and meaning of words, both spoken and written, and of the meanings conveyed by their grammatical relationships in sentences. It is caused by lesions that primarily affect Wernicke's area, which lies in the posterior perisylvian region of the temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere. (From Brain & Bannister, Clinical Neurology, 7th ed, p141; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural Science, 3d ed, p846)

Organic compounds that contain technetium as an integral part of the molecule. These compounds are often used as radionuclide imaging agents.

Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.

Insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply to the spleen due to emboli, thrombi, vascular torsion, or pressure that produces a macroscopic area of necrosis. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Brain tissue herniation through a congenital or acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions. Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor deficits frequently occur.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Microsurgical revascularization to improve intracranial circulation. It usually involves joining the extracranial circulation to the intracranial circulation but may include extracranial revascularization (e.g., subclavian-vertebral artery bypass, subclavian-external carotid artery bypass). It is performed by joining two arteries (direct anastomosis or use of graft) or by free autologous transplantation of highly vascularized tissue to the surface of the brain.

Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or anterolateral wall myocardial infarction.

Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.

Drugs or agents which antagonize or impair any mechanism leading to blood platelet aggregation, whether during the phases of activation and shape change or following the dense-granule release reaction and stimulation of the prostaglandin-thromboxane system.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.

An amphetamine analog that is rapidly taken up by the lungs and from there redistributed primarily to the brain and liver. It is used in brain radionuclide scanning with I-123.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes.

Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the anterior part of the brain, the eye and its appendages, the forehead and nose.

Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions.

Generally, restoration of blood supply to heart tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. Reperfusion can be induced to treat ischemia. Methods include chemical dissolution of an occluding thrombus, administration of vasodilator drugs, angioplasty, catheterization, and artery bypass graft surgery. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.

Restoration of blood supply to tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. It is primarily a procedure for treating infarction or other ischemia, by enabling viable ischemic tissue to recover, thus limiting further necrosis. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing REPERFUSION INJURY.

A proteolytic enzyme in the serine protease family found in many tissues which converts PLASMINOGEN to FIBRINOLYSIN. It has fibrin-binding activity and is immunologically different from UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR. The primary sequence, composed of 527 amino acids, is identical in both the naturally occurring and synthetic proteases.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Slow or diminished movement of body musculature. It may be associated with BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS; prolonged inactivity due to illness; and other conditions.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A polygonal anastomosis at the base of the brain formed by the internal carotid (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL), proximal parts of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries (ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), the anterior communicating artery and the posterior communicating arteries.

Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood stream.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29)

A diagnostic technique that incorporates the measurement of molecular diffusion (such as water or metabolites) for tissue assessment by MRI. The degree of molecular movement can be measured by changes of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with time, as reflected by tissue microstructure. Diffusion MRI has been used to study BRAIN ISCHEMIA and tumor response to treatment.

A subfamily of the Muridae consisting of several genera including Gerbillus, Rhombomys, Tatera, Meriones, and Psammomys.

A proteolytic enzyme obtained from the venom of fer-de-lance (Bothrops atrox). It is used as a plasma clotting agent for fibrinogen and for the detection of fibrinogen degradation products. The presence of heparin does not interfere with the clotting test. Hemocoagulase is a mixture containing batroxobin and factor X activator. EC 3.4.21.-.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.

Streptococcal fibrinolysin . An enzyme produced by hemolytic streptococci. It hydrolyzes amide linkages and serves as an activator of plasminogen. It is used in thrombolytic therapy and is used also in mixtures with streptodornase (STREPTODORNASE AND STREPTOKINASE). EC 3.4.-.

Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)

Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.

Agents that prevent clotting.

Any operation on the cranium or incision into the cranium. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.

A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Hypertensive hemorrhages are most frequent in the BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; PONS; and THALAMUS; but may also involve the CEREBRAL CORTEX, subcortical white matter, and other brain structures.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Any type of variation in the appearance of energy output of the sun. (NASA Thesaurus, 1994)

Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Application of a ligature to tie a vessel or strangulate a part.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the BASILAR ARTERY. Branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply portions of the OCCIPITAL LOBE; PARIETAL LOBE; inferior temporal gyrus, brainstem, and CHOROID PLEXUS.

Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.

The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of function (PANHYPOPITUITARISM). The most common cause is hemorrhage or INFARCTION of a PITUITARY ADENOMA. It can also result from acute hemorrhage into SELLA TURCICA due to HEAD TRAUMA; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; or other acute effects of central nervous system hemorrhage. Clinical signs include severe HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION; bilateral visual disturbances; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; and COMA.

A method of delineating blood vessels by subtracting a tissue background image from an image of tissue plus intravascular contrast material that attenuates the X-ray photons. The background image is determined from a digitized image taken a few moments before injection of the contrast material. The resulting angiogram is a high-contrast image of the vessel. This subtraction technique allows extraction of a high-intensity signal from the superimposed background information. The image is thus the result of the differential absorption of X-rays by different tissues.

A partial or complete return to the normal or proper physiologic activity of an organ or part following disease or trauma.

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES. Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed., 2005)

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.

Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A type of MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING that uses only one nuclear spin excitation per image and therefore can obtain images in a fraction of a second rather than the minutes required in traditional MRI techniques. It is used in a variety of medical and scientific applications.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

Scaffolding proteins that play an important role in the localization and activation of 5-LIPOXYGENASE.

The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

The hospital unit in which patients with acute cardiac disorders receive intensive care.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with the disease of diabetes mellitus. Due to the impaired control of BLOOD GLUCOSE level in diabetic patients, pathological processes develop in numerous tissues and organs including the EYE, the KIDNEY, the BLOOD VESSELS, and the NERVE TISSUE.

Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.

A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.

Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic tissues resulting from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION), including swelling; HEMORRHAGE; NECROSIS; and damage from FREE RADICALS. The most common instance is MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

A bright bluish pink compound that has been used as a dye, biological stain, and diagnostic aid.

A vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations.

Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Analogs or derivatives of AMPHETAMINE. Many are sympathomimetics and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vasopressin, bronchodilation, and to varying degrees, anorexia, analepsis, nasal decongestion, and some smooth muscle relaxation.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

Maintenance of blood flow to an organ despite obstruction of a principal vessel. Blood flow is maintained through small vessels.

One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.

INFLAMMATION of any ARTERIES.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilation of cerebral ventricles, INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; HEADACHE; lethargy; URINARY INCONTINENCE; and ATAXIA.

A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.

Excision of part of the skull. This procedure is used to treat elevated intracranial pressure that is unresponsive to conventional treatment.

The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.

Surgical excision, performed under general anesthesia, of the atheromatous tunica intima of an artery. When reconstruction of an artery is performed as an endovascular procedure through a catheter, it is called ATHERECTOMY.

Paired bodies containing mostly GRAY MATTER and forming part of the lateral wall of the THIRD VENTRICLE of the brain.

The first branch of the SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY with distribution to muscles of the NECK; VERTEBRAE; SPINAL CORD; CEREBELLUM; and interior of the CEREBRUM.

Postmortem examination of the body.

Agents used to treat cestode, trematode, or other flatworm infestations in man or animals.

A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. These arteries supply blood to the medial and superior parts of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, Infarction in the anterior cerebral artery usually results in sensory and motor impairment in the lower body.

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.

Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

Aneurysm caused by a tear in the TUNICA INTIMA of a blood vessel leading to interstitial HEMORRHAGE, and splitting (dissecting) of the vessel wall, often involving the AORTA. Dissection between the intima and media causes luminal occlusion. Dissection at the media, or between the media and the outer adventitia causes aneurismal dilation.

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

An aphasia characterized by impairment of expressive LANGUAGE (speech, writing, signs) and relative preservation of receptive language abilities (i.e., comprehension). This condition is caused by lesions of the motor association cortex in the FRONTAL LOBE (BROCA AREA and adjacent cortical and white matter regions).

Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.

A general term referring to a mild to moderate degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a synonym for PARALYSIS (severe or complete loss of motor function). In the older literature, paresis often referred specifically to paretic neurosyphilis (see NEUROSYPHILIS). "General paresis" and "general paralysis" may still carry that connotation. Bilateral lower extremity paresis is referred to as PARAPARESIS.

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies portions of the BRAIN STEM; the THALAMUS; TEMPORAL LOBE, and OCCIPITAL LOBE. Depending on the size and location of infarction, clinical features include OLFACTION DISORDERS and visual problems (AGNOSIA; ALEXIA; HEMIANOPSIA).

Procedures to cause the disintegration of THROMBI by physical interventions.

The act of constricting.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A condition associated with compression of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at the thoracic outlet and caused by a complete or incomplete anomalous CERVICAL RIB or fascial band connecting the tip of a cervical rib with the first thoracic rib. Clinical manifestations may include pain in the neck and shoulder which radiates into the upper extremity, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated muscles; sensory loss; PARESTHESIAS; ISCHEMIA; and EDEMA. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p214)

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.

The restoration of blood supply to the myocardium. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Derived from TELENCEPHALON, cerebrum is composed of a right and a left hemisphere. Each contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia. The cerebrum includes all parts within the skull except the MEDULLA OBLONGATA, the PONS, and the CEREBELLUM. Cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities.

The confinement of a patient in a hospital.

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the inferior wall of the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the right coronary artery.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of five named species: PAPIO URSINUS (chacma baboon), PAPIO CYNOCEPHALUS (yellow baboon), PAPIO PAPIO (western baboon), PAPIO ANUBIS (or olive baboon), and PAPIO HAMADRYAS (hamadryas baboon). Members of the Papio genus inhabit open woodland, savannahs, grassland, and rocky hill country. Some authors consider MANDRILLUS a subgenus of Papio.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX) damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)

Transforming growth factor-alpha acting at the epidermal growth factor receptor reduces infarct volume after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. (1/3121)

Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) is a ligand for the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR), and is more abundant than EGF in the brain. The authors studied whether administration of exogenous TGF-alpha into the brain can protect neurons against ischemia in a model of permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in the rat, and whether any effect of TGF-alpha was mediated by EGFR by administering 4,5-dianilinophthalimide (DAPH), a protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor with high selectivity for EGFR. Rats received either TGF-alpha (10 or 25 ng), DAPH (100 ng), DAPH plus TGF-alpha (25 ng), or vehicle in the ipsilateral first ventricle. Drugs were administered twice: 30 minutes before and 30 minutes after MCA occlusion, and infarct volume was evaluated 24 hours later. Transforming growth factor-alpha at the dose of 25 ng caused a statistically significant reduction of infarct volume (60%) in relation to ischemic rats administered vehicle. This reduction was no longer seen when TGF-alpha was administered in combination with DAPH. The present results show that TGF-alpha can protect neurons from ischemic damage, and that this effect is mediated by EGFR. It is suggested that activation of EGFR-mediated intracellular signalling pathways contributes to the survival of neural cells susceptible to ischemic injury. (+info)

Synergistic protective effects of antioxidant and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in transient focal ischemia. (2/3121)

Both nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors and free radical scavengers have been shown to protect brain tissue in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nitric oxide and superoxide anion act via distinct mechanisms and react together to form the highly deleterious peroxynitrite. Therefore the authors examined the effects and the interaction between the NOS inhibitor, NG nitro-L-arginine (LNA) and the antioxidant/superoxide scavenger, di-tert-butyl-hydroxybenzoic acid (DtBHB) in the rat submitted to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Posttreatment was initiated 4 hours after the onset of ischemia and infarct volume was measured at 48 hours. The dose-related effect of LNA resulted in a bell-shaped curve: 15, 56, 65, and 33% reduction of total infarct for 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg (intravenously [IV]) respectively and 11% increase in infarct volume for 3 mg/kg (IV). Whereas DtBHB (20 mg/kg; intraperitoneally [IP]) was ineffective, the dose of 60 mg/kg produced 65% protection in infarct volume. The combination of a subthreshold dose of LNA (0.03 mg/kg; IV) and DtBHB (20 mg/kg; IP) resulted in significant reduction (49%) in infarct volume. These results show that LNA and DtBHB act synergistically to provide a consistent neuroprotection against ischemic injury when administered 4 hours after ischemia. This suggests that nitric oxide and free radicals are involved and interact in synergy in ischemia-reperfusion injury. (+info)

N-Acetylaspartate distribution in rat brain striatum during acute brain ischemia. (3/3121)

Brain N-acetylaspartate (NAA) can be quantified by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and is used in clinical settings as a marker of neuronal density. It is, however, uncertain whether the change in brain NAA content in acute stroke is reliably measured by 1H-MRS and how NAA is distributed within the ischemic area. Rats were exposed to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Preischemic values of [NAA] in striatum were 11 mmol/L by 1H-MRS and 8 mmol/kg by HPLC. The methods showed a comparable reduction during the 8 hours of ischemia. The interstitial level of [NAA] ([NAA]e) was determined by microdialysis using [3H]NAA to assess in vivo recovery. After induction of ischemia, [NAA]e increased linearly from 70 micromol/L to a peak level of 2 mmol/L after 2 to 3 hours before declining to 0.7 mmol/L at 7 hours. For comparison, [NAA]e was measured in striatum during global ischemia, revealing that [NAA]e increased linearly to 4 mmol/L after 3 hours and this level was maintained for the next 4 h. From the change in in vivo recovery of the interstitial space volume marker [14C]mannitol, the relative amount of NAA distributed in the interstitial space was calculated to be 0.2% of the total brain NAA during normal conditions and only 2 to 6% during ischemia. It was concluded that the majority of brain NAA is intracellularly located during ischemia despite large increases of interstitial [NAA]. Thus, MR quantification of NAA during acute ischemia reflects primarily changes in intracellular levels of NAA. (+info)

Early diagnosis of central nervous system aspergillosis with combination use of cerebral diffusion-weighted echo-planar magnetic resonance image and polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid. (4/3121)

We treated a patient diagnosed as central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis with the combined use of cerebral diffusion-weighted echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and polymerase chain reaction of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-PCR). DWI, a cutting-edge imaging modality to reveal the earliest changes of cerebral infarction, detected cerebral fungal embolization when the conventional computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging failed to reveal it. CSF-PCR demonstrated the presence of Aspergillus-specific DNA in the specimen, when the conventional examination and culture of CSF were nonspecific or negative. These diagnostic methods could be useful in the early diagnosis of CNS aspergillosis. (+info)

Delayed increase in infarct volume after cerebral ischemia: correlations with thrombolytic treatment and clinical outcome. (5/3121)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Growing experimental evidence indicates that the development of cerebral ischemic damage is slower than previously believed. The aims of this work were (1) to study the evolution of CT hypoattenuation between 24 to 36 hours and 7 days in ischemic stroke patients; (2) to evaluate whether thrombolytic treatment given within 6 hours of stroke affects delayed infarction evolution; and (3) to investigate possible correlations between lesion volume changes over time and clinical outcome. METHODS: Of 620 patients included in the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study 1 (ECASS1), we selected 450 patients whose control CT scans at day 1 (CT1) and day 7 (CT7) were available. They had been randomly divided into 2 groups: 206 patients had been treated with rtPA and 244 with placebo. CT1 and CT7 were classified according to the location of the infarct. The volume of CT hypoattenuation was measured using the formula AxBxC/2 for irregular volumes. The 95% confidence interval of inter- and intrarater variability was used to determine whether significant changes in lesion volume had occurred between CT1 and CT7. Clinical severity was evaluated by means of the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) at entry (SSS0) and at day 30 (SSS30). RESULTS: Mean lesion volumes were significantly (P<0.0001) higher at day 7 than at day 1 in all the subgroups of patients and particularly in patients with a subcortical lesion. Of the 450 patients studied, 287 (64%) did not show any significant change in lesion volume between CT1 and CT7, 143 (32%) showed a significant increase and the remaining 20 (4%) a significant decrease. No significant correlation was observed between treatment and lesion evolution between CT1 and CT7. Both clinical scores (SSS0 and SSS30) and degree of neurological recovery were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the subgroup of patients with a significant lesion volume increase than in the other 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: In approximately two thirds of patients, infarct size is established 24 to 36 hours after stroke onset, whereas in the remaining one third, changes in lesion volume may occur later than the first 24 to 36 hours. Many factors may be responsible for delayed infarct enlargement and for a lower degree of clinical recovery, both of which may occur despite early recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment. (+info)

Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. (6/3121)

PURPOSE: The feasibility and safety of combining carotid surgery and thrombolysis for occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the middle cerebral artery (MCA), either as a simultaneous or as a staged procedure in acute ischemic strokes, was studied. METHODS: A nonrandomized clinical pilot study, which included patients who had severe hemispheric carotid-related ischemic strokes and acute occlusions of the MCA, was performed between January 1994 and January 1998. Exclusion criteria were cerebral coma and major infarction established by means of cerebral computed tomography scan. Clinical outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin scale. RESULTS: Carotid reconstruction and thrombolysis was performed in 14 of 845 patients (1.7%). The ICA was occluded in 11 patients; occlusions of the MCA (mainstem/major branches/distal branch) or the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) were found in 14 patients. In three of the 14 patients, thrombolysis was performed first, followed by carotid enarterectomy (CEA) after clinical improvement (6 to 21 days). In 11 of 14 patients, 0.15 to 1 mIU urokinase was administered intraoperatively, ie, emergency CEA for acute ischemic stroke (n = 5) or surgical reexploration after elective CEA complicated by perioperative intracerebral embolism (n = 6). Thirteen of 14 intracranial embolic occlusions and 10 of 11 ICA occlusions were recanalized successfully (confirmed with angiography or transcranial Doppler studies). Four patients recovered completely (Rankin 0), six patients sustained a minor stroke (Rankin 2/3), two patients had a major stroke (Rankin 4/5), and two patients died. In one patient, hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic infarction was detectable postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Combining carotid surgery with thrombolysis (simultaneous or staged procedure) offers a new therapeutic approach in the emergency management of an acute carotid-related stroke. Its efficacy should be evaluated in interdisciplinary studies. (+info)

An 18-mer peptide fragment of prosaposin ameliorates place navigation disability, cortical infarction, and retrograde thalamic degeneration in rats with focal cerebral ischemia. (7/3121)

It was previously reported that prosaposin possesses neurotrophic activity that is ascribed to an 18-mer peptide comprising the hydrophilic sequence of the rat saposin C domain. To evaluate the effect of the 18-mer peptide on ischemic neuronal damage, the peptide was infused in the left lateral ventricle immediately after occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SP-SH) rats. The treatment ameliorated the ischemia-induced space navigation disability and cortical infarction and prevented secondary thalamic degeneration in a dose-dependent manner. In culture experiments, treatment with the 18-mer peptide attenuated free radical-induced neuronal injury at low concentrations (0.002 to 2 pg/mL), and the peptide at higher concentrations (0.2 to 20 ng/mL) protected neurons against hypoxic insult. Furthermore, a saposin C fragment comprising the 18-mer peptide bound to synaptosomal fractions of the cerebral cortex, and this binding decreased at the 1st day after MCA occlusion and recovered to the preischemic level at the 7th day after ischemia. These findings suggest that the 18-mer peptide ameliorates neuronal damage in vivo and in vitro through binding to the functional receptor, although the cDNA encoding prosaposin receptor has not been determined yet. (+info)

Factor V Leiden and antibodies against phospholipids and protein S in a young woman with recurrent thromboses and abortion. (8/3121)

We describe the case of a 39-year-old woman who suffered two iliofemoral venous thromboses, a cerebral ischemic infarct and recurrent fetal loss. Initial studies showed high levels of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) and a moderate thrombocytopenia. After her second miscarriage, laboratory diagnosis revealed that the woman was heterozygous for the factor V Leiden mutation and had a functional protein S deficiency as well as anti-protein S and anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies. The impairment of the protein C pathway at various points could well explain the recurrent thromboses in the patient and supports the role of a disturbed protein C system in the pathophysiology of thrombosis in patients with APAs. (+info)

"MR diffusion imaging of cerebral infarction in humans". AJNR. 13 (4): 1097-1102. PMID 1636519. Moseley, ME; Cohen, Y; ... 1991). "Proton NMR imaging of cerebral blood flow using (H2O)-O17". Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 22 (1): 154-158. doi: ... they were the first to demonstrate in human subjects the early drop in diffusivity seen in acute infarction in cats by Moseley ... "Early detection of regional cerebral ischemia in cats: comparison of diffusion- and T2-weighted MRI and spectroscopy". Magnetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Kwong

In cerebral infarction, the penumbra has decreased perfusion. Another MRI sequence, diffusion-weighted MRI, estimates the ... An H, Ford AL, Vo K, Powers WJ, Lee JM, Lin W (May 2011). "Signal evolution and infarction risk for apparent diffusion ... Alternative techniques employ arterial spin labeling (ASL) or weighting the MRI signal by cerebral blood flow (CBF) and ... Coupled with imaging of cerebral perfusion, researchers can highlight regions of "perfusion/diffusion mismatch" that may ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRI_sequence

1989). "Measurements of acute cerebral infarction-a clinical examination scale". Stroke. 20 (7): 864-70. doi:10.1161/01.str. ... Ischemic strokes are the result of blood clots that are preventing blood flow within a cerebral blood vessel. The goal of tPA ... Due to this emphasis, the NIHSS is a better predictor of lesion volume in the strokes occurring within the left cerebral ... Okuda B, Kawabata K, Tachibana H, Sugita M (1999). "Cerebral blood flow in pure dysarthria: role of frontal cortical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Stroke_Scale

It is My First Prize After My Cerebral Infarction; I'm Still Alive']. Crónica (in Spanish). Retrieved November 8, 2017. " ... Torres Cruz, Isaac (October 28, 2014). "Es mi primer premio después de mi infarto cerebral; sigo activa" [' ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessy_María_López_Goerne

"Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction". The Lancet. 337 (8756): 1521-6 ... The most frequent location for a watershed stroke is the region between the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery ... middle cerebral artery (MCA), and posterior cerebral artery (PCA). Internal watershed strokes (IWS), or subcortical brain ... Damage to the cerebral cortex may lead to aphasia or confusion and damage to the cerebellum may lead to lack of motor movement ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watershed_stroke

Both individuals had suffered an infarction of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA). One individual, a 72 year-old male, had ... a large cerebral infarction of the medial surface of the left frontal lobe in the territory of the left anterior cerebral ... the main cause of damage is unilateral or bilateral infarction of cortex in the territory supplied by the anterior cerebral ... Oxygenated blood is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery to most medial portions of the frontal lobes and to the anterior ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_hand_syndrome

During the rehearsal, Yoshino suffered cerebral infarction, but he continued the gig. The mini album was sold only at the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AB'S

Delayed cerebral infarction after subarachnoid hemorrhage is a major cause of morbidity. Two Phase I clinical trials have shown ... Reduced cerebral blood flow is an early finding in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Cardiovascular risk factor control is ... Animal models of stroke (both open-skull and closed-skull models) show that RIC improves cerebral blood flow; reduces ischemic ... Compared with standard treatment, RIC increased tissue survival after one month and reduced the risk of infarction in high-risk ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_ischemic_conditioning

... died on 15 August 2020 due to illness after cerebral infarction. KFC Eerste Divisie: 1959-60 NAC Breda KNVB Cup: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henk_Wullems

In November 2007, Japan national team manager Ivica Osim was suffered a cerebral infarction. In December, Okada was named a new ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeshi_Okada

March 1961). "Cerebral ischemia and infarction". Am Pract Dig Treat. 12: 147-54. PMID 13777430.. CS1 maint: Uses authors ... November 1996). "Relationship of 133Xe cerebral blood flow to middle cerebral arterial flow velocity in men at rest". J. Cereb ... cerebral circulation and cerebral metabolism". J Appl Physiol. 5 (9): 471-86. PMID 13034675. Retrieved 2008-06-13.. ... Reivich M, Dickson J, Clark J, Hedden M, Lambertsen CJ (1968). "Role of hypoxia in cerebral circulatory and metabolic changes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_J._Lambertsen

Some examples of neurological damage include hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebral vascular accident/cerebral infarction, ... Excessive reduction in blood pressure can precipitate coronary, cerebral, or kidney ischemia and, possibly, infarction. A ... is a manifestation of the dysfunction of cerebral autoregulation. Cerebral autoregulation is the ability of the blood vessels ... On the other hand, sudden or rapid rises in blood pressure may cause hyperperfusion and increased cerebral blood flow, causing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_emergency

In term infants, the underlying causes are often cerebral malformations, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral hemorrhage. ... Considering monoplegia as it relates to cerebral palsy, in premature infants, the most common cause of cerebral palsy is ... Cerebral palsy Physical trauma to the affected limb Central nervous mass lesion, including tumor, hematoma, or abscess ... In addition, multiple cerebral disorders that cause hemiplegia may begin as monoplegia. Monoplegia is also frequently ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoplegia

... a review of its use in cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction, and as thromboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation". Drugs ... Prevention of cardiovascular events such as stroke Acute treatment of cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction ... April 2004). "Triflusal vs aspirin for prevention of cerebral infarction: a randomized stroke study". Neurology. 62 (7): 1073- ... "Comparison of triflusal and aspirin for prevention of vascular events in patients after cerebral infarction: the TACIP Study: a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triflusal

Cryptogenic cerebral infarction (CCI)[sunting , sunting sumber]. CCI paling banyak ditemukan dalam penderita patent foramen ... "Cryptogenic cerebral infarction: from classification to concept". SourceCHU de la Cavale Blanche, Service de neurologie; Timsit ... impaired cerebral autoregulation dan perubahan protrombotik dipercaya merupakan penyebab cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). ... "Cerebral microbleeds: old leaks and new haemorrhages". Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg- ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke

He survived a second, but his third caused a cerebral infarction that resulted in his death on March 31, 1985. Sometimes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Carnero_Hoke

Cerebral infarction leads to diffusion restriction, and the difference between images with various DWI weighing will therefore ... Conventional DWI (without DTI) directly visualizes the ischemic necrosis in cerebral infarction in the form of a cytotoxic ... ADC image of the same case of cerebral infarction as seen on DWI in section above. ... A decreased ADC may be detected minutes after a cerebral infarction.[22] The high signal of infarcted tissue on conventional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_MRI

... (TACI) is a type of cerebral infarction affecting the entire anterior circulation supplying ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_anterior_circulation_infarct

At about 4:38 pm on April 9, 2012, Aono suffered a bout of post-operative multiple cerebral infarctions and was found dead. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeshi_Aono

... is caused by midbrain infarction as a result of occlusion of a branch of the posterior cerebral artery. This ... lesion is usually a unilateral infarction of the red nucleus and cerebral peduncle, affecting several structures in the ... It has been reported that posterior cerebral artery stenosis can also precipitate Claude's syndrome. It carries the name of ... Dhanjal T, Walters M, MacMillan N (2003). "Claude's syndrome in association with posterior cerebral artery stenosis". Scottish ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude's_syndrome

This means that cerebral stroke, myocardial infarction, or any other organ can be affected. ... also known as a myocardial infarction), extended periods of inactivity (see deep venous thrombosis), and genetic or disease- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_clots

CT evidence of extensive middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarction (sulcal effacement or blurring of grey-white ... TIMI - thrombolysis in myocardial infarction "Indications for fibrinolytic therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction: ... It is used in ST elevation myocardial infarction, stroke, and in cases of severe venous thromboembolism (massive pulmonary ... Diseases where thrombolysis is used: ST elevation myocardial infarction: Large trials have shown that mortality can be reduced ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombolysis

"Effect of oral nimodipine on cerebral infarction and outcome after subarachnoid haemorrhage: British aneurysm nimodipine trial" ... Delayed cerebral ischemia, cerebral vasospasm, seizures[1]. Types. Traumatic, spontaneous (aneurysmal, nonaneurysmal, ... SAH may occur as a result of a head injury or spontaneously, usually from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm.[1] Risk factors for ... In 85 percent of spontaneous cases the cause is a cerebral aneurysm-a weakness in the wall of one of the arteries in the brain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarachnoid_hemorrhage

Posterior cerebral artery penetrating branch occlusion may result in infarction of the posterior capsule, causing hemisensory ... Infarction of occipital cortex typically causes macular sparing hemianopias due to dual blood supply from both posterior ... cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery. Occlusion of the calcarine artery that results in infarction of the superior part ... eMedicine > Posterior Cerebral Artery Stroke Authors: Christopher Luzzio and Consuelo T Lorenzo. Updated: Jul 15, 2009 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homonymous_hemianopsia

This can lead to death from acute myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, or heart failure. ... Freeman, Kalev; Feldman, James A. (2008-02-01). "Cocaine, myocardial infarction, and beta-blockers: time to rethink the ... "Beta-blockers are associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction after cocaine use". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 51 (2 ... "Death temporally related to the use of a Beta adrenergic receptor antagonist in cocaine associated myocardial infarction". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocaine_intoxication

This can induce an acute and prolonged narrowing of the blood vessel, potentially resulting in cerebral ischemia and infarction ... Blood from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm clots around a cerebral artery, releasing thrombin. ... Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 36 (6): 1059-74. doi:10.1177/0271678X15606462. PMID 26661165. Howell DC, Laurent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombin

... cerebral vascular injury, myocardial infarction, sepsis) Certain medications (glucocorticoids, beta-blockers, thiazide ... diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and phenytoin) HHS is usually precipitated by an infection, myocardial infarction, stroke ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperosmolar_hyperglycemic_state

... malignant middle cerebral artery infarction, epidural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, chronic subdural hematoma, infarction ... midline shift as secondary screening for the long-term outcomes of surgical decompression of malignant middle cerebral artery ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midline_shift

The clinical therapy test with urokinase and defibrase for cerebral infarction in China is effective and relatively safe, yet ... with an incidence more than fivefold that of myocardial infarction. Intracerebral hemorrhage causes about one third of all ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke_in_China

atrial fibrillation, cerebral infarction, acute myocardial infarction, Fisher's syndrome, acute inflammatory polyradiculopathy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apamin

"Nikolai Mikhailovich Itsenko investigated neural infections, vegetative nervous system diseases and cerebral tumors. In 1926 he ... was that the basophil adenoma Minnie might have harbored underwent partial infarction, leading to symptom regression.[3] The ... hydrocephalus and cerebral tension.[3] This combination of symptoms was not yet described by any medical disorder at the time.[ ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushing's_disease

Unstable cardiovascular status (angina, recent myocardial infarction, etc.). *Thoracic, abdominal, or cerebral aneurysms ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_expiratory_volume

... cancer and cerebral hemorrhage. Generally, the low cholesterol levels seem to be a consequence of an underlying illness, rather ... This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. Since higher blood ...

https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/කොලෙස්ටරෝල්

... diffuse cerebral hypoxia (DCH), focal cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction, and global cerebral ischemia. Prolonged hypoxia ... Cerebral infarction - A "stroke", caused by complete oxygen deprivation due to an interference in cerebral blood flow which ... "Cerebral hypoxia". MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 2007-04-05. Retrieved 2007-04-13.. ... it is called cerebral anoxia. There are four categories of cerebral hypoxia; they are, in order of severity: ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_hypoxia

In the elderly population, amyloid angiopathy is associated with cerebral infarcts as well as hemorrhage in superficial ... Other causes of intraparenchymal hemorrhage include hemorrhagic transformation of infarction which is usually in a classic ... Cerebral amyloid angiopathy Intracranial neoplasm Coagulopathy Hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic infarct Cerebral ... cerebral venous sinus thrombosis). Nonpenetrating and penetrating cranial trauma can also be common causes of intracerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraparenchymal_hemorrhage

A frequent cause of such complications is placental infarctions. In some cases, APS seems to be the leading cause of mental and ... "Thrombosis, abortion, cerebral disease, and the lupus anticoagulant". Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.). 287 (6399): 1088-9. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiphospholipid_syndrome

... used to reveal the presence of a blood clot in the coronary arteries of patients with unstable angina and myocardial infarction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angioscopy

Ischemia in the heart due to prolonged coronary vasospasm can lead to angina, myocardial infarction and even death. ... This can lead to tissue ischemia and tissue death (necrosis). Cerebral vasospasm may arise in the context of subarachnoid ... Symptomatic vasospasm or delayed cerebral ischemia is a major contributor to post-operative stroke and death especially after ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasospasm

... , edema, is a severe and generalized edema with widespread subcutaneous tissue swelling.[1] It is usually caused by liver failure (cirrhosis of the liver), renal failure/disease, right-sided heart failure, as well as severe malnutrition/protein deficiency. The increase in salt and water retention caused by low cardiac output can also result in anasarca as a long term maladaptive response. It can also be created from the administration of exogenous intravenous fluid. Certain plant-derived anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, such as docetaxel, cause anasarca through a poorly understood capillary leak syndrome.[2] In Hb Barts, the high oxygen affinity results in poor oxygen delivery to peripheral tissues, resulting in anasarca. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anasarca

The skin of the face, normally around the mouth, and the mucosa of the mouth and/or throat, as well as the tongue, swell over the period of minutes to hours. The swelling can also occur elsewhere, typically in the hands. The swelling can be itchy or painful. There may also be slightly decreased sensation in the affected areas due to compression of the nerves. Urticaria (hives) may develop simultaneously. In severe cases, stridor of the airway occurs, with gasping or wheezy inspiratory breath sounds and decreasing oxygen levels. Tracheal intubation is required in these situations to prevent respiratory arrest and risk of death. Sometimes, the cause is recent exposure to an allergen (e.g. peanuts), but more often it is either idiopathic (unknown) or only weakly correlated to allergen exposure. In hereditary angioedema, often no direct cause is identifiable, although mild trauma, including dental work and other stimuli, can cause attacks.[4] There is usually no associated itch or urticaria, as it ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angioneurotic_oedema

"Spastic Hemiplegia : Cerebral Palsy". OriginsOfCerebralPalsy.com. Retrieved 2013-03-08.. *^ [2] Archived October 11, 2010, at ... "Deterioration of pre-existing hemiparesis brought about by subsequent ipsilateral lacunar infarction" (PDF). Journal of ... Traumatic: cerebral lacerations, subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma, vertebral compression fracture. *Iatrogenic: local ... Congenital: cerebral palsy, Neonatal-Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease (NOMID). *Degenerative: ALS, corticobasal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemiplegia

"Stroke: A Journal of Cerebral Circulation. 45 (2): 520-26. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.003433. PMID 24385275.. ... such as acute myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery, pericarditis, myocarditis, hyperthyroidism, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

As per aspirin, except without Reye syndrome and with the following additions: myocardial infarctions, strokes and hypertension ... all exert a similar influence on the cerebral opioid receptor system. Buprenorphine is a partial agonist of the μ-opioid ... As per diclofenac, except with lower risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and hypertension. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algesic

A number of conditions that involve the central nervous system may lead to vertigo including: lesions caused by infarctions or ... as well as cerebral dysfunction.[16] Central vertigo may not improve or may do so more slowly than vertigo caused by ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo

August 2005)։ «Causes and predictors of death in cerebral venous thrombosis»։ Stroke 36 (8): 1720-1725։ PMID 16002765։ doi: ... excluding stroke and myocardial infarction).»։ Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (3): CD003747։ PMID 19588346։ ...

https://hy.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Թրոմբոզ

cerebral infarction. (ischemic stroke/TIA). TACI, PACI. *precerebral: Carotid artery stenosis. *cerebral: MCA ... Cerebral bypass surgery[edit]. Cerebral bypass surgery was developed in the 1960s in Switzerland by Gazi Yasargil, M.D. When a ... Some individuals with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm die from the initial bleeding. Other individuals with cerebral aneurysm ... Intracranial aneurysm, also known as brain aneurysm, is a cerebrovascular disorder in which weakness in the wall of a cerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_aneurysm

"Regular aspirin intake and acute myocardial infarction". British Medical Journal. 1 (5905): 440-3. March 1974. doi:10.1136/bmj. ... Aspirin causes an increased risk of cerebral microbleeds having the appearance on MRI scans of 5 to 10 mm or smaller, ... Aspirin is an important part of the treatment of those who have had a myocardial infarction (heart attack).[38] ... Gorelick PB (June 2009). "Cerebral microbleeds: evidence of heightened risk associated with aspirin use". Archives of Neurology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylsalicylic_acid

cerebral infarction. (ischemic stroke/TIA). TACI, PACI. *precerebral: Carotid artery stenosis. *cerebral: MCA ... It accounts for 20% of all cases of cerebrovascular disease in the United States, behind cerebral thrombosis (40%) and cerebral ... "Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 30 (4): 689-702. doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.282. PMC 2949160. PMID 20087366. Archived ... Cerebral bleeding affects about 2.5 per 10,000 people each year.[2] It occurs more often in males and older people.[2] About 44 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_stroke

... and cerebral infarction.[7][8] Acute deficiency (see hypomagnesemia) is rare, and is more common as a drug side-effect (such as ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_magnesium

Prince Yoshihito contracted cerebral meningitis within three weeks of his birth.[2] (It has also been rumoured that he suffered ... Deaths from myocardial infarction. *Disease-related deaths in Japan. Hidden categories: *CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taishō

Blood velocity can be measured in various blood vessels, such as middle cerebral artery or descending aorta, by relatively ... to improve delineation of left ventricle for visually checking contractibility of heart after a myocardial infarction. Finally ... Doppler is frequently used by neuro-anesthesiologists for obtaining information about flow-velocity in the basal cerebral ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ultrasonography

Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): ... accident vascular cerebral[4]. *meralgie parestezică[47]. *migrene[48]. *sindromul tunelului carpian[49] ...

https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obezitate

The risks of stopping or reducing these medication regimens (i.e., thromboembolism, stroke, myocardial infarction) far outweigh ... cerebral aneurysms, and other conditions may have too great of risk of bleeding.[16][17] Generally, the benefit of ... Almony GT, Lefkovits J, Topol EJ (May 1996). "Antiplatelet and anticoagulant use after myocardial infarction". Clinical ... in a trial for prevention of recurrences of myocardial infarction in addition to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), the drug did ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulants

"Individual patterns of functional reorganization in the human cerebral cortex after capsular infarction". Annals of Neurology. ... In each hemisphere of the mammalian brain the insular cortex (also insula and insular lobe) is a portion of the cerebral cortex ... The cerebral cortex processing vestibular sensations extends into the insula,[26] with small lesions in the anterior insular ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insular_lobe

Throughout the cerebral cortex, the large pyramidal neurons that comprise some 70% of cortical cells - critical to the ... which excludes the possibility that her initial collapse was the result of myocardial infarction, although there was a ... In preparation for the trial, a new computed axial tomography scan (CAT scan) was performed, which showed severe cerebral ... Microscopic examination revealed extensive damage to nearly all brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, the thalamus, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terri_schiavo

Infarction. general: Anemic infarct · Hemorrhagic infarct. regional: Myocardial infarction · Cerebral infarction · Splenic ... ೧೯೮೫). "Circadian variation in the frequency of onset of acute myocardial infarction". N. Engl. J. Med. ೩೧೩ (೨೧): ೧೩೧೫-೨೨. doi: ... Diagram of a myocardial infarction (2) of the tip of the anterior wall of the heart (an apical infarct) after occlusion (1) of ... 1996). "A composite view of cardiac rupture in the United States National Registry of Myocardial Infarction". J Am Coll Cardiol ...

https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ಹೃದಯಾಘಾತ

Stem cells have successfully been used to ameliorate healing in the heart after myocardial infarction in dogs. Adipose and bone ... "Therapeutic benefit of intravenous administration of bone marrow stromal cells after cerebral ischemia in rats". Stroke. 32 (4 ... Stem-cell therapy for treatment of myocardial infarction usually makes use of autologous bone marrow stem cells, but other ... in people who had a myocardial infarction.[35] Accordingly, the BOOST-2 trial conducted in 10 medical centers in Germany and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_therapy

... factors contributing to cerebral atrophy". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 152 (1): 39-49. doi:10.1016/S0022-510X(97) ... Sudden blockage of a blood vessel may lead to an infarction (stroke or heart attack). However, it is also worth noting that the ... "Current smoking and the risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction in the WHO MONICA Project populations". Tobacco Control. 13 (3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tobacco

Design. Twenty-two children with evidence of cerebral infarction on neonatal brain MRI (18 with arterial infarction and 4 with ... Neonatal Cerebral Infarction and Neuromotor Outcome at School Age. Eugenio Mercuri, Anna Barnett, Mary Rutherford, Andrea ... Neonatal Cerebral Infarction and Neuromotor Outcome at School Age. Eugenio Mercuri, Anna Barnett, Mary Rutherford, Andrea ... Neonatal Cerebral Infarction and Neuromotor Outcome at School Age Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ...

https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/113/1/95

Malignant middle cerebral artery territory infarction: clinical course and prognostic signs.. Hacke W1, Schwab S, Horn M, ... The clinical course of patients with complete middle cerebral artery territory infarction, defined by computed tomography and ... Fifty-five patients with complete middle cerebral artery territory infarction caused by occlusion of either the distal ... there are limited prospective data on the clinical course of complete middle cerebral artery territory infarction and on the ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8929152?dopt=Abstract

A cerebral infarction is an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a blockage or narrowing in the arteries ... Cerebral artery gas embolism (e.g. during ascent from a SCUBA dive) is also a possible cause of infarction (Levvett & Millar, ... If cerebral infarction is caused by a thrombus occluding blood flow to an artery supplying the brain, definitive therapy is ... Whether a cerebral infarction is thrombotic or embolic based, its pathophysiology, or the observed conditions and underlying ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_infarction

While usually considered a complication of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), infarcts may also occur early, in relation to ... Cerebral infarction is a major contributor to poor outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). ... BACKGROUND:: Cerebral infarction is a major contributor to poor outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). While usually ... CONCLUSION:: Early infarction occurs frequently after SAH and contributes as much as DCI to infarct burden and hospital outcome ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Early-vs-Delayed-Cerebral-Infarction/23787882.html

Silent cerebral infarctions were detected in 34.3% (n = 46) of patients, and infarctions ≥ 15 mm (mean diameter 31.3 mm) were ... Baseline silent cerebral infarction in the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study. Stroke 1994;25:1122-9.CrossrefPubMed ... CHA2DS2VASc score is useful for assessment of risk of cerebral infarctions even those without history of acute symptoms ... Silent cerebral infarction in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. The Veterans Affairs Stroke Prevention in ...

https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/semcard.2014.20.issue-2/semcard-2014-0003/semcard-2014-0003.xml

Previous chronic cerebral infarction is predictive for new cerebral ischemia after carotid endarterectomy. - Mehmet Besir ... Previous chronic cerebral infarction is predictive for new cerebral ischemia after carotid endarterectomy.. Abstract. ... Six of the eight patients with newly developed cerebral ischemia had chronic cerebral infarction in their preoperative DWI ... There was chronic cerebral infarction in the preoperative DWI images of 17 patients (33.3 %). In the postoperative period, ...

http://www.curehunter.com/public/pubmed26525737.do

The thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) grading system was described in 2003 by Higashida et al. 1 as a tool for ... and a change of name from Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction to modified Treatment in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI), to better ... Thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) scale. Dr Varun Babu ◉ and Dr Craig Hacking ◉ ◈ et al. ... The thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) grading system was described in 2003 by Higashida et al. 1 as a tool for ...

https://radiopaedia.org/articles/thrombolysis-in-cerebral-infarction-tici-scale

High dose steroid treatment in cerebral infarction. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1986; 292 :21 ... High dose steroid treatment in cerebral infarction.. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1986; 292 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.292.6512 ...

https://www.bmj.com/content/292/6512/21/peer-review

How thalidomide is effective against cerebral infarction. Waseda University. Journal. Nature Scientific Reports. Keywords. * ... How thalidomide is effective against cerebral infarction Scientists reveal that this dangerous drug could suppress nerve cell ... Specifically, Sawamuras research group used cerebral ischemia model rats of the cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R ... "to better treat diseases such as cerebral infarction, a type of stroke which is a major cause of death worldwide." ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-03/wu-hti030618.php

... Neurotherapeutics. 2011 Jan;8(1):19-27. doi: 10.1007/s13311-010-0004-2. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21274682/?dopt=Abstract

A cerebral infarction is a situation in which the blood vessels supplying the brain are disturbed and blood flow is interrupted ... Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, in which blood vessels that drain the brain become blocked, may result in cerebral infarction ... Brain infarction is often associated with atherosclerosis or high blood pressure.. Cerebral infarction occurs when the blood ... Cerebral infarction, also known as ischemic stroke, occurs when the blood vessels that supply the brain are disturbed so that ...

https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-cerebral-infarction.htm

Fat embolism and cerebral infarction after use of methylmethacrylic cement. Br Med J 1972; 3 :740 ... Fat embolism and cerebral infarction after use of methylmethacrylic cement.. Br Med J 1972; 3 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj. ...

http://www.bmj.com/content/3/5829/740

... we investigated eighteen infants with unilateral cerebral infarctions confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scans. The initial ... Neonatal cerebral infarction: symptoms, CT findings and prognosis Brain Dev. 1992 Jan;14(1):48-52. doi: 10.1016/s0387-7604(12) ... In a retrospective multi-center study, we investigated eighteen infants with unilateral cerebral infarctions confirmed by ... In 16, the lesions were within the territory of the middle cerebral artery, 9 of which also involved the cortico-spinal tract ( ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1590527/?dopt=Abstract

Infarction. general: Anemic infarct · Hemorrhagic infarct. regional: Myocardial infarction · Splenic infarction · Cerebral ... Symptoms of cerebral infarction are determined by topographical localisation of cerebral lesion. If it is located in primary ... cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. A cerebral infarction (stroke) occurs when a blood vessel that supplies a part ... A cerebral infarction is the ischemic kind of stroke due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. It ...

http://www.thefullwiki.org/Cerebral_infarction

Lance S Hong needs your support for My dad fighting cerebral infarction ... our family recently found out my dad has Acute cerebral infarction which causes a per… ... our family recently found out my dad has Acute cerebral infarction which causes a person to loose balance and no strength to ...

https://www.gofundme.com/f/my-dad-fighting-cerebral-infarction

G. X. Cao, W. Lu, and Q. S. Hu, "Effect of tetramethylpyrazine on 72 cases of cerebral infarction," Journal of Hubei Institute ... C. R. Xu, P. Guo, and L. M. Liu, "High dose ligustrazine in the treatment of 94 cases of acute cerebral infarction," Shandong ... G. B. Hou, "Ligustrazine injection in the treatment of 70 cases of cerebral infarction," Guangming Journal of Chinese Medicine ... X. J. Huang, "Ligustrazine in the treatment of 56 cases of cerebral infarction," Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 29, ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2016/3595946/ref/

Focal Cerebral Ischemia Model by Endovascular Suture Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in the Rat, Rose Bengal ... Embolic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) for Ischemic Stroke with Homologous Blood Clots in Rats, Permanent Cerebral ... Isolation and Cannulation of Cerebral Parenchymal Arterioles, Endothelin-1 Induced Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model for ... Cerebral Infarct Evaluation by Cresyl Violet Staining, A Versatile Murine Model of Subcortical White Matter Stroke for the ...

https://www.jove.com/keyword/cerebral+infarction

Cerebral Infarction Global Clinical Trials Review, H1, 2017BriefGlobalDatas clinical trial report, Cerebral Infarction Global ... Cerebral Infarction Global Clinical Trials Review, H1, 2017. Brief. GlobalDatas clinical trial report, "Cerebral Infarction ... The number of cerebral infarction (brain infarction) clinical trials conducted globally, has increased by ##% for the period ... Clinical Research in Cerebral Infarction (Brain Infarction) in H1, 2017 *May 2017 ...

https://www.reportlinker.com/p05001606/Cerebral-Infarction-Brain-Infarction-Global-Clinical-Trials-Review-H1.html

right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology ... Cerebral Infarction: The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous ... Infarction, Cerebral; Right Hemisphere, Cerebral Infarction; Right Hemisphere, Infarction, Cerebral; Cerebral Infarctions; ... Cerebral Infarction, Left Hemisphere; Cerebral Infarction, Right Hemisphere; Cerebral, Left Hemisphere, Infarction; Cerebral, ...

http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryD002544-Cerebral-Infarction.do

The blockage is called cerebral infarction. In diagnosing the presence of... ... The blockage is called cerebral infarction. In diagnosing the presence of cerebral infarction in the brain, machine learning is ... To deal with the problem of classification of cerebral infarction data obtained from Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumos Hospital in ... Fuzzy Kernel-Based Clustering and Support Vector Machine Algorithm in Analyzing Cerebral Infarction Dataset. ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-43002-3_1

Cerebral infarction: time course of signal intensity changes on diffusion-weighted MR images.. Burdette JH1, Ricci PE, Petitti ... Echoplanar diffusion-weighted MR images were obtained at 1.5 T in 212 patients referred for suspected cerebral infarction over ... intensity was present on all diffusion-weighted MR studies obtained in patients within 24 hr of acute cerebral infarction and ... study was to determine the time course of signal intensity changes on diffusion-weighted MR images after cerebral infarction. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9725318?dopt=Abstract

The development of the Dallas pain questionnaire - as assessment of the impact of spinal pain on behavior. Lawlis, G.; Cuencas, R.; Selby, D.; McCoy, C. // Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association;Mar1990, Vol. 34 Issue 1, p36 No abstract available. ...

http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/6228844/imaging-cerebral-infarction-caused-by-atrial-myxoma

Cerebral infarction is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but usually occurs several days after ... Ohkuma H, Manabe H, Tanaka M, Suzuki S. Impact of cerebral microcirculatory changes on cerebral blood flow during cerebral ... Early cerebral infarction on CT is a rare but devastating complication of acute SAH. The observed associations with coma, ... Cerebral infarction is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but usually occurs several days after ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12028-007-0003-2

Surgical decompression for space-occupying cerebral infarction (the Hemicraniectomy After Middle Cerebral Artery infarction ... Surgical Decompression for Space-Occupying Cerebral Infarction. Marjolein Geurts, H. Bart van der Worp, L. Jaap Kappelle, G. ... Surgical Decompression for Space-Occupying Cerebral Infarction. Marjolein Geurts, H. Bart van der Worp, L. Jaap Kappelle, G. ... Hemicraniectomy After Middle cerebral artery infarction with Life-threatening Edema Trial was supported by the Dutch Heart ...

http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/44/9/2506

Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) portends more severe cerebral infarctions or may lead to insidious progressive brain damage ... Prevalence and Risk Factors of Silent Cerebral Infarction in Apparently Normal Adults. Sang-Chol Lee, Sang-Joon Park, Hyun-Kyun ... Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) is defined as a brain lesion that is presumably a result of vascular occlusion found ... Hougaku H, Matsumoto M, Kitagawa K, Harada K, Oku N, Itoh T, Maeda H, Handa N, Kamada T. Silent cerebral infarction as a form ...

http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/36/1/73

... is the mainstay of treatment for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI). Although this operation significantly red ... aICP Measurement in Patients With Cerebral Artery Infarction / aICP MCA Infarction. Space-occupying, malignant middle cerebral ... This condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other ... and posterior cerebral arteries (ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), the anterior ...

https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/2262266/Novel-Hemicraniectomy-Technique-for-Malignant-Middle-Cerebral-Artery-Infarction-Technical-Note.html

In this article we overview the current knowledge of cerebral infarction in this patient population and d ... Cerebral infarction is a common complication in sickle cell disease. Both overt and silent infarcts evident on neuroimaging ... Cerebral infarction is a common complication in sickle cell disease. Both overt and silent infarcts evident on neuroimaging ... In this article we overview the current knowledge of cerebral infarction in this patient population and discuss recent updates ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Cerebral-Infarction-in-Children-with/21967673.html

Infarction. Cerebral Infarction. Ischemia. Pathologic Processes. Necrosis. Brain Infarction. Brain Ischemia. Cerebrovascular ... Protective Effects of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning on Acute Cerebral Infarction. The recruitment status of this study ... Our pre-clinical studies confirmed that ischemic preconditioning can prevent cerebral infarction. Animal studies confirmed that ... Phase 2 Study of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning on Acute Cerebral Infarction. ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01672515?term=neuroscience&rank=10

Infarction. Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery. Ischemia. Pathologic Processes. Necrosis. Cerebral Infarction. Brain Infarction ... Stereotactic Infarct Tissue Aspiration for Malignant Infarction of Middle Cerebral Artery (SMART). The safety and scientific ... Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCI) has a fatality rate of up to 80%, due to massive brain edema, increased ... Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction(MMCI) has a high rate of disability and mortality. At present, there is no ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02609256?cond=%22cerebral+autosomal+recessive+arteriopathy+with+subcortical+infarcts+and+leukoencephalopathy%22+OR+%22Cerebral+Arterial+Diseases%22&rank=21&sel_rss=new14

NCC is a rare cause of large cerebral infarction.4 5 6 7 8 9 10 It is documented that subarachnoid cysticerci produce abnormal ... Large Cerebral Infarction During Praziquantel Therapy in Neurocysticercosis. Oh Young Bang, Ji Hoe Heo, Sun Ah Choi, Dong Ik ... Large Cerebral Infarction During Praziquantel Therapy in Neurocysticercosis. Oh Young Bang, Ji Hoe Heo, Sun Ah Choi and Dong Ik ... Large Cerebral Infarction During Praziquantel Therapy in Neurocysticercosis. Oh Young Bang, Ji Hoe Heo, Sun Ah Choi and Dong Ik ...

http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/28/1/211

S. P. Sundaram and Padma, S., "Hughes syndrome with cerebral, skeletal infarction & retinal vein thrombosis", Indian Journal of ...

https://www.amrita.edu/publication/hughes-syndrome-cerebral-skeletal-infarction-retinal-vein-thrombosis

Anterior Cerebral Artery Brain Cerebral Infarction Clonazepam Corpus Callosum Diffusion Hand Humans Infarction Magnetic ... Anterior cerebral artery territory infarction Alien hand syndrome MeSH Terms expand_less. expand_more. Alien Hand Syndrome ... Various movement disorders associated with cerebral infarction have been introduced. However patients with anterior cerebral ... Hemichoreoballism with Anterior Cerebral Artery Territory Infarction.. Bae YJ , Lee JT , Kim EH , Lee HW , Jung DK , Suh CK , ...

https://koreamed.org/article/2031JKNA/2005.23.2.271

Although the clinical features of space-occupying ischemic stroke are well known, there are limited prospective data on the clinical course of complete middle cerebral artery territory infarction and on the predisposing factors leading to subsequent herniation and brain death. (nih.gov)
The prognosis of complete middle cerebral artery territory stroke is very poor and can be estimated by early clinical and neuroradiological data within the first few hours after the onset of symptoms. (nih.gov)
A consensus paper from three collaborative groups published in Stroke in 2013 3 recommended a modified scale, and a change of name from Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction to modified Treatment in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) , to better reflect the increased use of endovascular therapies. (radiopaedia.org)
Trial design and reporting standards for intra-arterial cerebral thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. (radiopaedia.org)
The territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the most frequently affected arterial territory in childhood stroke. (bmj.com)
2 Saunders and colleagues 3 showed recently that measurement of infarct volume on T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans taken within 72 hours of stroke predicted clinical outcome in a group of adults with cortical MCA territory infarction. (bmj.com)

Twenty-two children with evidence of cerebral infarction on neonatal brain MRI (18 with arterial infarction and 4 with border-zone lesions) were assessed at school age with a structured neurologic examination and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, a battery of tests designed to assess motor function. (aappublications.org)

In all patients, embolic infarction was presumed. (nih.gov)

The age-standardized incidence of atherothrombotic infarction tended to decline from the first to the second cohort, whereas it was sustained between the second and third cohort for both sexes. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
The 5-year survival rate after lacunar infarction significantly improved among the cohorts, but those of atherothrombotic and cardioembolic infarction did not. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Hemochromatosis-causing mutations C282Y and H63D are not risk factors for atherothrombotic cerebral infarction. (medscimonit.com)
Background: It has been suggested that iron metabolism may be involvedin the pathogenesis of atherothrombotic cerebral infarction (ACI). (medscimonit.com)

In particular, involvement of cortical tissue is thought to affect outcome adversely, whereas it has been reported that subcortical infarction in childhood carries a good prognosis. (bmj.com)

Fifty-five patients with complete middle cerebral artery territory infarction caused by occlusion of either the distal intracranial carotid artery or the proximal middle cerebral artery trunk were studied. (nih.gov)

Malignant' middle cerebral artery territory infarction: clinical course and prognostic signs. (nih.gov)

RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence of lacunar infarction significantly declined by 59% for men and by 28% for women from the first to the second cohort. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
The age-standardized incidence of cardioembolic infarction was unchanged throughout the cohorts. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that, in the Japanese population, the incidence of lacunar infarction steadily declined for the last 40 years. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Iida, M. / Decreasing incidence of lacunar vs other types of cerebral infarction in a Japanese population . (fujita-hu.ac.jp)

The clinical course of patients with complete middle cerebral artery territory infarction, defined by computed tomography and vascular imaging, was evaluated. (nih.gov)
The aims of the study were to evaluate prevalence of silent cerebral infarctions (SCI) and determine their clinical and echocardiographic predictors in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). (degruyter.com)
AIM To investigate the relation between lesion volume, lesion location, and clinical outcome in children with infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). (bmj.com)

We reviewed the one-month mortality among 213 patients aged fifteen to forty-five years (mean thirty-five) with acute cerebral infarction (CI) evaluated during the period July 1, 1977, to February 1, 1988. (elsevier.com)

According to current guidelines, SCI was defined as imaging (≥3 mm) or neuropathological evidence of central nervous system infarction, without a history of acute neurological dysfunction attributable to the lesion. (degruyter.com)
2] Price T, Manolio T, Kronmal R, Kittner S, Yue N, Robbins J, Anton-Culver H. Silent brain infarction on magnetic resonance imaging and neurological abnormalities in community-dwelling older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study: CHS Collaborative Research Group. (degruyter.com)

Material/Methods: The C282Y and H63D HFE gene mutationswere tested in 96 Caucasian patients who had suffered an acute cerebral infarction, later confirmed asACI, and 115 control subjects. (medscimonit.com)

Silent cerebral infarctions were detected in 34.3% (n = 46) of patients, and infarctions ≥ 15 mm (mean diameter 31.3 mm) were detected in 11.2% (n = 15) of patients. (degruyter.com)

CONCLUSIONS Although the outcome after a small infarct in the MCA territory is variable and unpredictable, infarction of more than 10% of intracranial volume is universally associated with a poor outcome. (bmj.com)

The thrombolysis in cerebral infarction ( TICI) grading system was described in 2003 by Higashida et al. (radiopaedia.org)

Animal model studies of cerebral ischaemia have reported the volume of infarcted brain tissue as a measure of the efficacy of interventions aimed at limiting ischaemic damage. (bmj.com)

The aim of this study was to assess neuromotor function at school age in children who had cerebral infarction on neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (aappublications.org)

Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) portends more severe cerebral infarctions or may lead to insidious progressive brain damage resulting in vascular dementia. (ahajournals.org)
Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) is defined as a brain lesion that is presumably a result of vascular occlusion found incidentally by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) in otherwise healthy subjects or during autopsy. (ahajournals.org)
Silent cerebral infarction is the most common neurological abnormality in children with sickle cell anemia, affecting 30-40% of 14 year olds. (haematologica.org)

abstract = "Aim: Mortality from malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) approaches 80% in adult series. (elsevier.com)

NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's artery. (bioportfolio.com)
However patients with anterior cerebral artery territory infarction presenting with hemichoreoballism have never been reported. (koreamed.org)
We report the case with hemichoreoballism after anterior cerebral artery territory infarction. (koreamed.org)

CT scan slice of the brain showing a right- hemispheric cerebral infarct (left side of image). (thefullwiki.org)
Early infarction occurs frequently after SAH and contributes as much as DCI to infarct burden and hospital outcome. (biomedsearch.com)
Animal studies confirmed that ischemic postconditioning can reduce infarct size of cerebral infarction. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Given that brain tissue necrosis-induced edema and cerebral herniation is the key reason of fatality and disability of MMCI patients, the investigators argue that the reduction of cerebral tissue volume by stereotactic infarct tissue aspiration (SITA) is likely to reach the decompression effect similar to the DC. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Neuroimaging studies demonstrated a brain infarct in the posterior fossa, which was related to thrombosis of the draining vein of a cerebral venous angioma. (semanticscholar.org)
This study aimed to investigate the association between carotid plaque characteristics and acute cerebral infarct (ACI) lesion features determined by MRI in T2DM patients. (springermedizin.de)
Many studies have indicated that biomarkers linked to the ischemic cascade have a potential role in assessing acute cerebral infarction, such as early neurologic deterioration, final infarct volume, clinical status, and functional outcome [ 5 , 9 ]. (jkns.or.kr)
2) the presence of a silent cerebral infarct is associated with lower educational attainment. (elsevier.com)
silent cerebral infarct (P = 0.31) and painful episodes (P = 0.60) were not. (elsevier.com)
Among students with sickle cell anemia, household per capita income is associated with grade retention, whereas the presence of a silent cerebral infarct is not. (elsevier.com)

Coders have struggled for some time with the dilemma of when to assign the combination code of carotid stenosis, with cerebral infarction (i.e.I63.231) and when to assign separate codes for the specific cerebral infarction and carotid stenosis. (hiacode.com)
The causes for cerebral infarction include thrombus, embolism, or stenosis. (hiacode.com)
For the CWI group, patients with anterior watershed infarction (AWI) were more prone to critical ICA stenosis than those with posterior watershed infarction (PWI) ( P = 0.011). (biomedcentral.com)

Cerebral angiography disclosed occlusions and narrowing of both internal carotid arteries at the supraclinoid portions, where multiple cysts were found on the MRI. (ahajournals.org)
A retrospective review of 129 consecutive patients with middle cerebral artery, M1 segment or intracranial internal carotid artery occlusions. (ovid.com)
Cerebral ischemic symptoms associated with atherosclerosis of the external carotid artery (ECA) occur uncommonly and usually only when the ipsilateral ICA is occluded. (elsevier.com)
AO is the most common cerebral infarction cause in larger blood vessels like the carotid arteries. (allaboutstrokes.com)

To observe the antiinflammatory effect and nursing effect of atorvastatin on acute cerebral infarction, 180 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in the Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital were selected as research subjects. (ijpsonline.com)
For patients with acute cerebral infarction, atorvastatin treatment can produce good antiinflammatory effect and the treatment effect can be significantly improved after adopting scientific nursing measures. (ijpsonline.com)

In 1996 we reported a short term visual follow up in a cohort of infants with neonatal cerebral infarction, 7 including infants with both normal and abnormal motor outcome. (bmj.com)

In a retrospective multi-center study, we investigated eighteen infants with unilateral cerebral infarctions confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scans. (nih.gov)
In a case series 21 patients with posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territory infarctions were analyzed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEPs) cross-sectionally and longitudinally for up to 6 months. (frontiersin.org)
Head computed tomography findings showed a cerebral infarction in the left temporal portion. (minervamedica.it)
The most widely used diagnostic tool for acute cerebral infarction is neuroimaging, which includes techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging. (jkns.or.kr)

Lacunar infarction was the type of ASCI, and 86% (6/7) of the ACSI were multiple infarctions distributed in both the anterior and posterior cerebrovascular territories. (biomedcentral.com)
7 days) after a cerebrovascular event, when risk of recurrence is highest, may be associated with particular plaque characteristics that associate with cerebral injury. (ox.ac.uk)

The authors investigated the association between serial change of residual platelet reactivity and silent embolic cerebral infarction (SECI) after endovascular treatment. (thejns.org)
1. Embolic Cerebral Infarction- the blockade caused by an embolus that travels to the brain. (allaboutstrokes.com)

Extracts of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves (Egb 761) reduced the size of cerebral infarction and improved neurological behavior in rats with permanent and transient MCAo [ 7 ]. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

G. X. Cao, W. Lu, and Q. S. Hu, "Effect of tetramethylpyrazine on 72 cases of cerebral infarction," Journal of Hubei Institute for Nationalities (Medical Edition) , vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 19-21, 2007. (hindawi.com)
L. J. Guo and Z. Y. Yang, "Curative effect observation on 36 cases of cerebral infarction treated with Ligustrazine Injection," Journal of Community Medicine , vol. 7, no. 14, pp. 24-25, 2009. (hindawi.com)
G. B. Hou, "Ligustrazine injection in the treatment of 70 cases of cerebral infarction," Guangming Journal of Chinese Medicine , vol. 25, no. 7, p. 1198, 2010. (hindawi.com)
X. J. Huang, "Ligustrazine in the treatment of 56 cases of cerebral infarction," Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine , vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 169-170, 2008. (hindawi.com)

J. Z. Xu, "Status quo of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of cerebral infarction," Chinese Medicine Mordern Diatance Education of China , vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 192-194, 2011. (hindawi.com)

The thrombolysis in cerebral infarction ( TICI) grading system was described in 2003 by Higashida et al. (radiopaedia.org)
Rethinking Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b: Which Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Scales Best Define Near Complete Recanalization in the Modern Thrombectomy Era? (ovid.com)
Within the thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) classification, TICI 2b has been historically considered successful recanalization. (ovid.com)

cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage . (thefullwiki.org)
Cerebral infarction is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but usually occurs several days after onset as a complication of vasospasm or aneurysm repair. (springer.com)
Global cerebral edema after subarachnoid hemorrhage: frequency, predictors, and impact on outcome. (springer.com)
Early vs. Delayed Cerebral Infarction Following Aneurysm Repair after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. (biomedsearch.com)
Cerebral infarction is a major contributor to poor outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (biomedsearch.com)

Our results suggest that although hemiplegia occurs in a relatively small proportion of children with neonatal cerebral infarction, other signs of neuromotor impairment can be present, and these become more obvious at school age when a more specific assessment can be performed. (aappublications.org)
Until relatively recently, neonatal cerebral infarction was thought to be an uncommon condition, usually associated with perinatal complications and with a very unfavorable outcome. (aappublications.org)
To assess various aspects of visual function at school age in children with neonatal cerebral infarction. (bmj.com)
Recent population based data report an incidence of neonatal cerebral infarction of 1 in 4000 term infants. (bmj.com)
The aim of this study was to assess various aspects of visual function at school age in children who suffered neonatal cerebral infarction and to examine the correlation between vision and ( a ) the type and extent of the infarction, and ( b ) the results of the early visual assessments performed in the first year of life. (bmj.com)
Rights & permissions for article NEONATAL CEREBRAL INFARCTION. (nature.com)

As intravascular, intra-erythrocytic and endotheliotropic bacteria, it is possible that B. henselae initially induced a vasculitis, resulting in secondary cerebral infarction, tissue necrosis and surgical resection. (biomedcentral.com)

The proband suffered multiple cerebral infarctions. (springermedizin.de)

Early MRI and EEG can help to identify the infants with cerebral infarction who are likely to develop hemiplegia. (aappublications.org)
Most studies have only reported abnormal visual function in children with cerebral infarction who developed hemiplegia. (bmj.com)

Non-invasive Absolute Intracranial Pressure Measurement in Patients With Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction for Determination of Timing to Descompressive Craniectomy. (bioportfolio.com)
Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCI) has a fatality rate of up to 80%, due to massive brain edema, increased intracranial pressure, and cerebral herniation. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Decompressive hemicraniectomy reduces secondary brain injury related to brain edema and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI). (ovid.com)
Halsey J.H., Capra N.F., Clark R.M. (1975) Intracranial Pressure Gradients in Experimental Cerebral Infarction. (springer.com)
We aimed to investigate the association between the ratio of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume to intracranial volume (ICV) and malignant MCA infarction. (eur.nl)
In part 5 of our series, we look at DRG 64-Intracranial hemorrhage or cerebral infarction with MCC. (hiacode.com)
For this DRG recommendation the majority (almost all) were recommended to DRG 65 (Intracranial hemorrhage or cerebral infarction with CC) with deletion of the reported MCC. (hiacode.com)

He had a history of right frontal lobe infarction in the previous month. (altmetric.com)

The blockage is called cerebral infarction. (springer.com)
That is to say that all of the evidence and evaluation points to cerebral infarction with a blockage of the cerebral artery as a likely cause. (allaboutstrokes.com)

Here, the authors show that the ADH2*1 carriage is associated with high prevalence of cerebral infarction and lacunae in men. (neurology.org)

The aim of this study was to assess neuromotor function at school age in children who had cerebral infarction on neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (aappublications.org)
T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed an area of hyperintensity in the left precentral gyrus, indicating acute cerebral infarction. (altmetric.com)
Cerebral arteriovenous malformation associated with cerebral infarction was diagnosed by head magnetic resonance imaging and angiography. (minervamedica.it)
Magnetic susceptibility weighted imaging can accurately display the collateral circulation of the patients with cerebral infarction and can be used for the evaluation of curative effects and prognostic evaluation in treatment of the patients with cerebral infarction. (alliedacademies.org)

The new techniques of neuroimaging also provide more detailed information on the extent of the infarcts, showing that they most frequently involve one or more branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), with the left hemisphere more frequently affected than the right. (aappublications.org)
There are no known biomarkers to identify children with silent cerebral infarcts, and the pathological basis is also unknown. (haematologica.org)
We used an unbiased proteomic discovery approach to identify plasma proteins differing in concentration between children with and without silent cerebral infarcts. (haematologica.org)
We investigated the genetic basis of these differences by studying 359 adults with sickle cell disease (199 with silent cerebral infarcts, 160 normal MRIs), who had previously undergone a genome-wide genotyping array. (haematologica.org)
Our study suggests that silent cerebral infarcts in sickle cell anemia may be associated with higher systolic blood pressure, lower HbF levels, hypercoagulability, inflammation and atherosclerotic lipoproteins. (haematologica.org)
Bilateral cavernous sinus syndrome and bilateral cerebral infarcts: A rare combination after wasp sting. (semanticscholar.org)

I think he used the term 'ischemic infarction' once, but he called the rest TIAs, She had almost all of the symptoms described in this article, too. (wisegeek.com)
Symptoms of cerebral infarction are determined by topographical localisation of cerebral lesion. (thefullwiki.org)
The symptoms of cerebral infarction depend on the type of cerebral infarction under question. (allaboutstrokes.com)

Cerebral Infarction" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)

In the current study, the HDL proteomes in patients with cerebral lacunar infarction (LACI) and control subjects were investigated. (spandidos-publications.com)

This particular journal club was designed to review several related articles, discussing the current understanding of the role of decompressive surgery in the management of patients with malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Topic of Journal Club: 'Early decompressive surgery in malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery' Articles discussed: 1) Vahedi et al, on behalf of the DECIMAL investigators. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Early decompressive surgery in malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery: a pooled analysis of three randomized controlled trials. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

It has been speculated that the occurrence of cerebral infarction (CI) caused by most heart diseases may be associated with the reduction of cardiac output ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Anatomy21

Organisms6

Diseases89

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment78

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes24

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science7

Named Groups1

Health Care39

Geographicals2

Transforming growth factor-alpha acting at the epidermal growth factor receptor reduces infarct volume after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. (1/3121)

Synergistic protective effects of antioxidant and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in transient focal ischemia. (2/3121)

N-Acetylaspartate distribution in rat brain striatum during acute brain ischemia. (3/3121)

Early diagnosis of central nervous system aspergillosis with combination use of cerebral diffusion-weighted echo-planar magnetic resonance image and polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid. (4/3121)

Delayed increase in infarct volume after cerebral ischemia: correlations with thrombolytic treatment and clinical outcome. (5/3121)

Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. (6/3121)

An 18-mer peptide fragment of prosaposin ameliorates place navigation disability, cortical infarction, and retrograde thalamic degeneration in rats with focal cerebral ischemia. (7/3121)

Factor V Leiden and antibodies against phospholipids and protein S in a young woman with recurrent thromboses and abortion. (8/3121)

Cerebral Infarction

Infarction

Myocardial Infarction

Cerebral Arteries

Cerebral Hemorrhage

Cerebrovascular Disorders

Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis

Cerebrovascular Circulation

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery

Cerebral Angiography

Brain Ischemia

Brain

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Middle Cerebral Artery

Cerebral Palsy

Ischemic Attack, Transient

Stroke

Time Factors

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Vasospasm, Intracranial

Brain Edema

Risk Factors

Acute Disease

Prospective Studies

Treatment Outcome

Brain Infarction

Malaria, Cerebral

Intracranial Thrombosis

Hemiplegia

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Cerebral Veins

Thrombolytic Therapy

Electrocardiography

Brain Stem Infarctions

Retrospective Studies

Japan

Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Disease Models, Animal

Intracranial Aneurysm

Intracranial Arteriosclerosis

Intracranial Embolism

Cerebral Arterial Diseases

Fibrinolytic Agents

Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime

Moyamoya Disease

Neurologic Examination

Coronary Angiography

Arterial Occlusive Diseases

Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Medicine, East Asian Traditional

Neuroprotective Agents

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary

Incidence

Intracranial Hemorrhages

Oximes

Recurrence

Prognosis

Predictive Value of Tests

Aphasia, Wernicke

Organotechnetium Compounds

Brain Diseases

Splenic Infarction

Encephalocele

Age Factors

Cerebral Revascularization

Carotid Artery Diseases

Blood Pressure

Aspirin

Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction

Carotid Artery Thrombosis

Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors

Hypertension

Carotid Arteries

Iofetamine

Blood Flow Velocity

Xenon Radioisotopes

Carotid Artery, Internal

Dominance, Cerebral

Myocardial Reperfusion