Cerebral hemorrhage traumatic. Medical search

Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.

Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.

The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).

Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.

The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES. Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed., 2005)

A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.

Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.

Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Hypertensive hemorrhages are most frequent in the BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; PONS; and THALAMUS; but may also involve the CEREBRAL CORTEX, subcortical white matter, and other brain structures.

The susceptibility of CAPILLARIES, under conditions of increased stress, to leakage.

Radiography of the vascular system of the brain after injection of a contrast medium.

A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES.

The largest of the cerebral arteries. It trifurcates into temporal, frontal, and parietal branches supplying blood to most of the parenchyma of these lobes in the CEREBRAL CORTEX. These are the areas involved in motor, sensory, and speech activities.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in arterial or venous structures.

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.

Bleeding from the vessels of the retina.

Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)

A vascular anomaly composed of a collection of large, thin walled tortuous VEINS that can occur in any part of the central nervous system but lack intervening nervous tissue. Familial occurrence is common and has been associated with a number of genes mapped to 7q, 7p and 3q. Clinical features include SEIZURES; HEADACHE; STROKE; and progressive neurological deficit.

Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX and the BASAL GANGLIA. Depending on the severity of bleeding, clinical features may include SEIZURES; APHASIA; VISION DISORDERS; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; PARALYSIS; and COMA.

A proteolytic enzyme in the serine protease family found in many tissues which converts PLASMINOGEN to FIBRINOLYSIN. It has fibrin-binding activity and is immunologically different from UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR. The primary sequence, composed of 527 amino acids, is identical in both the naturally occurring and synthetic proteases.

A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)

Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES; SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and vascular steal effect.

Impairment in the comprehension of speech and meaning of words, both spoken and written, and of the meanings conveyed by their grammatical relationships in sentences. It is caused by lesions that primarily affect Wernicke's area, which lies in the posterior perisylvian region of the temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere. (From Brain & Bannister, Clinical Neurology, 7th ed, p141; Kandel et al., Principles of Neural Science, 3d ed, p846)

A homologous group of endogenous CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS. The cystatins inhibit most CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES such as PAPAIN, and other peptidases which have a sulfhydryl group at the active site.

Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined as blood loss greater than 500 ml or of the amount that adversely affects the maternal physiology, such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEMATOCRIT. Postpartum hemorrhage is divided into two categories, immediate (within first 24 hours after birth) or delayed (after 24 hours postpartum).

Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.

Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)

Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

A species of gram-positive bacteria in the STREPTOCOCCUS MILLERI GROUP. It is the most frequently seen isolate of that group, has a proclivity for abscess formation, and is most often isolated from the blood, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tract.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Fibrinolysin or agents that convert plasminogen to FIBRINOLYSIN.

Hemorrhage into the VITREOUS BODY.

Intraocular hemorrhage from the vessels of various tissues of the eye.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervous system.

A syndrome associated with damage to the spinal cord above the mid thoracic level (see SPINAL CORD INJURIES) characterized by a marked increase in the sympathetic response to minor stimuli such as bladder or rectal distention. Manifestations include HYPERTENSION; TACHYCARDIA (or reflex bradycardia); FEVER; FLUSHING; and HYPERHIDROSIS. Extreme hypertension may be associated with a STROKE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp538 and 1232; J Spinal Cord Med 1997;20(3):355-60)

NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.

A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.

Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN).

Veins draining the cerebrum.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM (and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p136)

Peptides generated from AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES PRECURSOR. An amyloid fibrillar form of these peptides is the major component of amyloid plaques found in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and in aged individuals with trisomy 21 (DOWN SYNDROME). The peptide is found predominantly in the nervous system, but there have been reports of its presence in non-neural tissue.

Agents that prevent clotting.

Use of infusions of FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS to destroy or dissolve thrombi in blood vessels or bypass grafts.

An extracellular cystatin subtype that is abundantly expressed in bodily fluids. It may play a role in the inhibition of interstitial CYSTEINE PROTEASES.

A fibrous protein complex that consists of proteins folded into a specific cross beta-pleated sheet structure. This fibrillar structure has been found as an alternative folding pattern for a variety of functional proteins. Deposits of amyloid in the form of AMYLOID PLAQUES are associated with a variety of degenerative diseases. The amyloid structure has also been found in a number of functional proteins that are unrelated to disease.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.

Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).

A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)

Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associated with HYPERTENSION or ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS. Clinical manifestations may include HEADACHE; DYSKINESIAS; and HEMIPARESIS.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

A single-pass type I membrane protein. It is cleaved by AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN SECRETASES to produce peptides of varying amino acid lengths. A 39-42 amino acid peptide, AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES is a principal component of the extracellular amyloid in SENILE PLAQUES.

Hemorrhage following any surgical procedure. It may be immediate or delayed and is not restricted to the surgical wound.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.

The artery formed by the union of the right and left vertebral arteries; it runs from the lower to the upper border of the pons, where it bifurcates into the two posterior cerebral arteries.

Hemorrhage from the vessels of the choroid.

Bleeding from a PEPTIC ULCER that can be located in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL). Branches of the anterior cerebral artery supply the CAUDATE NUCLEUS; INTERNAL CAPSULE; PUTAMEN; SEPTAL NUCLEI; GYRUS CINGULI; and surfaces of the FRONTAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the BASILAR ARTERY. Branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply portions of the OCCIPITAL LOBE; PARIETAL LOBE; inferior temporal gyrus, brainstem, and CHOROID PLEXUS.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSION and lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels in the putamen. Clinical manifestations vary with the size of hemorrhage, but include HEMIPARESIS; HEADACHE; and alterations of consciousness.

Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilation of cerebral ventricles, INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; HEADACHE; lethargy; URINARY INCONTINENCE; and ATAXIA.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.

Hemorrhage within the orbital cavity, posterior to the eyeball.

Microsurgical revascularization to improve intracranial circulation. It usually involves joining the extracranial circulation to the intracranial circulation but may include extracranial revascularization (e.g., subclavian-vertebral artery bypass, subclavian-external carotid artery bypass). It is performed by joining two arteries (direct anastomosis or use of graft) or by free autologous transplantation of highly vascularized tissue to the surface of the brain.

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

A method of hemostasis utilizing various agents such as Gelfoam, silastic, metal, glass, or plastic pellets, autologous clot, fat, and muscle as emboli. It has been used in the treatment of spinal cord and INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS, renal arteriovenous fistulas, gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, hypersplenism, certain highly vascular tumors, traumatic rupture of blood vessels, and control of operative hemorrhage.

Any operation on the cranium or incision into the cranium. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Radiography of the ventricular system of the brain after injection of air or other contrast medium directly into the cerebral ventricles. It is used also for x-ray computed tomography of the cerebral ventricles.

Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions.

Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRUM; BRAIN STEM (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC); and CEREBELLUM.

Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting in HYPOVOLEMIA.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

Derived from TELENCEPHALON, cerebrum is composed of a right and a left hemisphere. Each contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia. The cerebrum includes all parts within the skull except the MEDULLA OBLONGATA, the PONS, and the CEREBELLUM. Cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities.

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders.

A reduction in brain oxygen supply due to ANOXEMIA (a reduced amount of oxygen being carried in the blood by HEMOGLOBIN), or to a restriction of the blood supply to the brain, or both. Severe hypoxia is referred to as anoxia, and is a relatively common cause of injury to the central nervous system. Prolonged brain anoxia may lead to BRAIN DEATH or a PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE. Histologically, this condition is characterized by neuronal loss which is most prominent in the HIPPOCAMPUS; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; CEREBELLUM; and inferior olives.

A scale that assesses the response to stimuli in patients with craniocerebral injuries. The parameters are eye opening, motor response, and verbal response.

Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.

Suicide after traumatic brain injury: a population study. (1/39)

OBJECTIVES: To determine the rates of suicide among patients who have had a traumatic brain injury. METHODS: From a Danish population register of admissions to hospital covering the years 1979-93 patients were selected who had had either a concussion (n=126 114), a cranial fracture (n=7560), or a cerebral contusion or traumatic intracranial haemorrhage (n=11 766). All cases of deaths by the end of the study period were identified. RESULTS: In the three diagnostic groups there had been 750 (0.59%), 46 (0.61%), and 99 (0.84%) cases of suicide respectively. Standardised mortality ratios, stratified by sex and age, showed that the incidence of suicide among the three diagnostic groups was increased relative to the general population (3.0, 2.7, and 4.1 respectively). In all diagnosis groups the ratios were higher for females than for males, and lower for patients injured before the age of 21 or after the age of 60. The presence of a codiagnosis relating to substance misuse was associated with increased suicide rates in all diagnosis groups. There was a tendency, among patients with cerebral contusions or traumatic intracranial haemorrhages, for suicide risk to increase with duration of stay in hospital. Cox regression analyses for proportional hazards confirmed that there was a significantly greater risk of suicide among patients with cerebral contusions or traumatic intracranial haemorrhages than among patients with concussion or cranial fractures (hazard ratios=1.42 and 1.50 respectively). There was, however, no evidence of a specific risk period for suicide after injury. CONCLUSION: The increased risk of suicide among patients who had a mild traumatic brain injury may result from concomitant risk factors such as psychiatric conditions and psychosocial disadvantage. The greater risk among the more serious cases implicates additionally the physical, psychological, and social consequences of the injuries as directly contributing to the suicides. (+info)

The structural basis of moderate disability after traumatic brain damage. (2/39)

The objective was to discover the nature of brain damage in survivors of head injury who are left with moderate disability. Macroscopic and microscopic examination was carried out on the brains of 20 persons who had died long after a head injury that had been treated in a neurosurgical unit. All had become independent but had various disabilities (moderate disability on the Glasgow outcome scale) Most deaths had been sudden, which had led to their referral from forensic pathologists. Post-traumatic epilepsy was a feature in 75%. An intracranial haematoma had been evacuated in 75%, and in 11 of the 15 with epilepsy. Diffuse axonal injury was found in six patients, five of the mildest type (grade 1) and one of grade 2. No patient had diffuse thalamic damage but one had a small focal ischaemic lesion in the thalamus. No patient had severe ischaemic brain damage, but three had moderate lesions which were bilateral in only one. No patient had severe cortical contusions. In conclusion, the dominant lesion was focal damage from an evacuated intracranial haematoma. Severe diffuse damage was not found, with diffuse axonal injury only mild and thalamic damage in only one patient. (+info)

Giant cell glioblastoma manifesting as traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage--case report. (3/39)

A 33-year-old male presented with intracerebral hemorrhage in the left temporoparietal region after a traffic accident. Ten months later, the traumatic hemorrhage was found to originate in an underlying giant cell glioblastoma. Our case indicates that non-traumatic underlying pathologies, such as vasculopathies, coagulopathies, or tumors, should be considered in the differential diagnoses of intracerebral hemorrhage occurring in unusual locations after traumatic accidents. (+info)

Magnetization transfer MR imaging in patients with posttraumatic epilepsy. (4/39)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intractable epilepsy is a well-recognized complication following head trauma, and many factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis. This study was performed to determine the severity of tissue damage after severe head injury as assessed with magnetization transfer (MT) MR imaging and the relationship of this damage with seizure intractability. METHODS: Forty-four patients, 13 without seizures (disease controls) and 31 with seizures, underwent T1-weighted MT MR imaging 1-10 years after head trauma. Phase-corrected gradient-echo (GRE) imaging was also performed in all patients to look for the presence of hemosiderin. All patients were evaluated for the presence of an MT abnormality beyond an abnormality seen on T2-weighted images, an MT abnormality within a T2 abnormality, and hemosiderin deposition. RESULTS: Patients with an MT abnormality beyond a T2 abnormality had a significantly higher intractability of seizures compared with those with an MT abnormality within a T2 abnormality (P <.05). In addition, the mere presence of hemosiderin deposit was not associated with seizure intractability; however, gliosis around the hemosiderin as seen on T1-weighted MT images was associated with seizure intractability. CONCLUSIONS: T1-weighted MT imaging may be of value in predicting the intractability of the seizure in delayed posttraumatic epilepsy. (+info)

Acute fatal haemorrhage during percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy. (5/39)

Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is associated with a number of life-threatening complications. We present a case of massive and fatal arterial haemorrhage that occurred in the intensive care unit during an elective PDT on an 86-year-old woman following earlier evacuation of a traumatic subdural haematoma. An avulsed right subclavian artery was found at post mortem. Previous thyroid surgery and aberrant arterial anatomy contributed to the fatal outcome. (+info)

Low doses of dexamethasone decrease brain water content of collagenase-induced cerebral hematoma. (6/39)

Different doses of dexamethasone were evaluated for the treatment of cerebral trauma using a rat model of cerebral hematoma induced by intracerebral (IC) stereotaxic injections of collagenase. Control animals received an intracerebral collagenase injection followed by intraperitoneal (IP) saline injection. Sham operated animals received saline only (IC, IP). Forty-eight hours following the surgeries, the brains were removed from the euthanized animals. Cerebral hemispheres were separated and the 4 coronal sections (antero-posterior plane) were weighed. Each slice was dried for 24 h (100 degrees C) and weighed again to establish brain water content. In hematoma-induced saline treated rats, significant differences in brain water content were observed when compared to sham operated animals. Rats treated with 1 mg/kg dexamethasone had a significant brain water content decrease; however, no significant differences were observed with higher doses of dexamethasone. In conclusion, low doses of dexamethasone seem to be beneficial for the treatment of cerebral trauma. (+info)

Diffuse axonal injury associated with chronic traumatic brain injury: evidence from T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging at 3 T. (7/39)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diffuse axonal injury is frequently accompanied by tissue tear hemorrhages. We examined whether high field strength T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging performed during the chronic stage of traumatic brain injury may have advantages in the evaluation of diffuse axonal injury as compared with T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging. METHODS: Prospective MR imaging of 66 patients (age range, 17-57 years) was performed using a 3-T system 3 to 292 months (median, 23.5 months) after traumatic brain injury. T1-, T2-, T2*-hypointense and T2-hyperintense foci of 1- to 15-mm diameter were registered in 10 brain regions by two readers separately. Foci that appeared hypointense both on the T1- and T2- and/or on the T2*-weighted images were defined as traumatic microbleeds. RESULTS: For 46 (69.7%) of the patients, T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging revealed traumatic microbleeds. Hyperintense foci were observed on the T2-weighted images of only 15 (22.7%) patients. T2*-weighted imaging showed significantly more traumatic microbleeds (P =.000) than did T1- and T2-weighted imaging. Interobserver agreement was strong (kappa = 0.79, tau = 0.749, P =.000). For 14 (21.2%) of the patients, T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging revealed traumatic microbleeds in the corpus callosum, whereas for only two (3%), hyperintense callosal lesions were seen on the T2-weighted images. Although a significant correlation existed between the total amount and callosal appearance of traumatic microbleeds and Glasgow Coma Scale scores (P =.000), no correlation existed with extended Glasgow Outcome Scale scores. CONCLUSION: T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging at high field strength is a useful tool for the evaluation of diffuse axonal injury during the chronic stage of traumatic brain injury. Diffuse axonal injury-related brain lesions are mainly hemorrhagic. The relevance of diffuse axonal injury for long-term clinical outcome is uncertain. (+info)

Endovascular management of intracranial pial arterio-venous fistulas. (8/39)

From 1996-2002 we treated 5 consecutive cases of pial fistula. There were 3 patients with a single hole-single channel pial fistula and two patients had a complex pial fistula. Three patients presented with intracerebral hematoma and had a focal neurological deficit. One patient presented with history of seizures and 1 patient had headache. The results of the treatment were analyzed both clinically and angiographically. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 6 years. All fistulas were treated with concentrated glue. The glue cast included the distal part of the feeding artery, A-V connection and the proximal part of the vein. Post-embolisation angiography showed complete occlusion of two single-hole fistulas and one complex pial A-V fistula and near total occlusion of one single-hole and one complex pial A-V fistula. Four patients had excellent clinical outcome. One patient with single-hole fistula had a hemorrhagic venous infarct resulting in transient hemiparesis. (+info)

... hemorrhages: in the soft tissues of the head, above the dura mater, under the soft cerebral membranes, bruising and destruction ... The area of traumatic impact is the front and, partially, the lateral surface of the right half of the chest. It is most likely ... hemorrhage in the scalp, multi-splintered depressed fracture of the bones of the cranial vault, comminuted fracture of the ... The death of the victim occurred as a result of an open traumatic brain injury including: a bruised head wound on the left, ...

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Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal subtype of stroke but currently lacks effective treatment. (semanticscholar.org)
Non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage is a spontaneous bleeding into the brain tissue. (doctorbhatia.com)

Efficacy and safety of recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage. (semanticscholar.org)
Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma in Elderly Patient. (lookfordiagnosis.com)
The post-mortem computed tomography (CT) with angiography revealed acute basal subarachnoid hemorrhage with rupture of the left middle cerebral artery. (bvsalud.org)
and (iii) outcome: acute traumatic lesion on non-contrast head CT ≤24 h post-injury. (frontiersin.org)
No well-designed diagnostic studies with specific GFAP cutoff values predictive of acute traumatic intracranial lesions have been published. (frontiersin.org)
However, blood-based GFAP holds promise as a means of screening for acute traumatic CT-positive lesion following head trauma. (frontiersin.org)
Background: Although glucose is essential to cerebral function, abundant experimental and clinical evidence demonstrates that endogenously released lactate, rather than glucose, is the preferential energy substrate for the brain in conditions of stress and acute injury. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Hypothesis: The investigators test the hypothesis that lactate therapy, administered during the acute phase of TBI or SAH, might exercise neuroprotective actions by restoring brain energetics and improving brain tissue PO2 and cerebral blood flow (CBF). (clinicaltrials.gov)
1 TBIs have short- and long-term consequences, including the need for acute hospital care, emotional and behavioral changes (e.g., depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder), impaired neurologic function, complications from intracranial hemorrhage, and death. (ahrq.gov)
This includes all processes that occur in the (sub)acute setting, including the initial hemorrhage and subsequent in-hospital complications (such as rebleeding, delayed cerebral ischemia, hydrocephalus, and infections), and the relationship of these processes with micro- and macrostructural brain injury, disability, and cognitive impairment. (umcutrecht.nl)
The investigators propose to initiate the evaluation of levetiracetam in prevention of post-traumatic epilepsy by determining the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and feasibility of acute and chronic administration of levetiracetam to individuals with head injury with a high risk for developing post-traumatic epilepsy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
66 subjects with acute head injury with a high risk for developing post-traumatic epilepsy will receive levetiracetam 55 mg/kg/day in a b.i.d. schedule. (clinicaltrials.gov)
60 subjects with acute head injury with a high risk for developing post-traumatic epilepsy enrolled 8-24 hours after injury will not receive levetiracetam. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The 66 subjects with acute head injury with a high risk for developing post-traumatic epilepsy that received levetiracetam 55 mg/kg/day in a b.i.d. were monitored for adverse events through the 30 day treatment period. (clinicaltrials.gov)
My main research interests are biomarkers in diagnostics of acute phase, treatment effects, and outcome of traumatic brain injury, biomaterials in cranial reconstruction and neuro-oncology. (utu.fi)
Most importantly it describes how neuroimaging of children with intracerebral hemorrhage should be tailored to specific situations and clinical contexts and recommends specific imaging protocols for acute and repeat imaging. (mdpi.com)
Few cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) may appear after acute SAH with similar clinical manifestations as aneurysm bleeding, raising difficulties for SAH diagnosis in clinics. (alliedacademies.org)
A traumatic brain injury is an acute trauma, such as from a fall or vehicle accident. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Authors: Khey KMW, Huard A, Mahmoud SH Abstract Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an acute cerebrovascular emergency resulting from the rupture of a brain aneurysm. (medworm.com)
Provides inpatient and outpatient cerebral blood flow studies for patients with acute stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformations, or traumatic brain injury: 1. (uclahealth.org)

In patients with severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) monitored with cerebral microdialysis and brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2), our preliminary data show that increased brain extracellular lactate is frequently observed. (clinicaltrials.gov)
In the near future, these radiogenomic techniques may help improve quality of life and patient outcomes via patient-specific approaches to the treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms and personalized medical management of secondary processes following aneurysmal SAH. (frontiersin.org)
Background and Purpose- Delayed cerebral ischemia and infarction due to reduced CBF remains the leading cause of poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. (ahajournals.org)
Poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with low cerebral blood flow (CBF), ischemia, and stroke. (ahajournals.org)
In 2011 he accepted a position as a staff neurologist at the UMC Utrecht and joined Prof. Gabriel Rinkel's research group on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. (umcutrecht.nl)
His research focuses on unruptured intracranial aneurysms, diagnosis of (aneurysmal) subarachnoid hemorrhage, and brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. (umcutrecht.nl)
Time trends in causes of death after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a hospital-based study. (umcutrecht.nl)
8: Cremers CH, van der Schaaf IC, Wensink E, Greving JP, Rinkel GJ, Velthuis BK, Vergouwen MD . CT perfusion and delayed cerebral ischemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (umcutrecht.nl)
This collection of papers represents a cross-section of the enormous progress that has been made towards a thorough understanding and effective treatment of neurovascular events following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, including cerebral vasospasm. (worldcat.org)
Identifying Patient Report Outcomes Relevant to Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Follow-Up / Stuart Ross, Deepti Bhargava, Yahia Al-Tamimi, Tony Goddard and Alan Tennant, et al. (worldcat.org)
Cerebral autoregulation after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. (utu.fi)
Cerebral vasospasm is a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). (hindawi.com)
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) occurs in approximately 30,000 patients in the United States each year [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

A heterogeneous group of disorders that includes sporadic and familial forms, characterized clinically by cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEMIA), CEREBRAL INFARCTION, and CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE. (medconditions.net)
The pathogenesis of such bleeds is incompletely understood, but may relate to localised intra-vascular coagulation following trauma, localised infarction and necrosis, subsequent fibrinolysis and gradual haemorrhage formation. (forensicmed.co.uk)
Cerebral complications of myocardial infarction. (unibo.it)
3 Loss of autoregulation, vasospasm, and reduced CBF combine to cause cerebral hypoxia, metabolic abnormalities, raised intracranial pressure (ICP), and subsequent cerebral ischemic infarction. (ahajournals.org)
Among 121 eligible patients admitted between 1 July 2001 and 31 June 2002 with International classification of diseases, 10th revision, Australian modification (ICD-10-AM) codes 160-164 (haemorrhages [subarachnoid, intracerebral, other non-traumatic intracranial] and cerebral infarction), records for 116 (96%) were available, but six patients were excluded because of incorrect coding. (mja.com.au)

Elevation of the extracellular concentrations of glutamate and aspartate in rat hippocampus during transient cerebral ischemia monitored by intracerebral microdialysis. (semanticscholar.org)
Our findings indicate that elevated brain lactate more often occurs in the absence of brain hypoxia /ischemia and is mainly the consequence of increased cerebral glycolysis, i.e. it occurs in association with high extracellular pyruvate. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Those patients fortunate enough to survive a presenting SAH and subsequent securing of their aneurysm must still face a spectrum of secondary sequelae, which can include cerebral vasospasm, delayed ischemia, seizures, cerebral edema, hydrocephalus, and endocrinologic and catecholamine-induced systemic dysfunction in cardiac, pulmonary, and renal systems. (frontiersin.org)
After his return to the Netherlands, he worked as a postdoc at the Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine at the Academic Medical Center to study the role of microthrombosis in the pathogenesis of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage in a mouse model. (umcutrecht.nl)
Those who survive the initial bleed are often afflicted with severe disabilities thought to result from delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). (medworm.com)

Intra-arterial nimodipine to treat symptomatic cerebral vasospasm following traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage. (elsevier.com)
ICH is more likely to result in death or major disability than ischaemic stroke or subarachnoid haemorrhage. (medworm.com)

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been shown to affect cerebral volume and perfusion, possibly by induction of inflammation and vasospasm. (uu.nl)
Prevention of cerebral vasospasm by calcitonin gene-related peptide slow-release tablet after subarachnoid hemorrhage in monkeys. (biomedsearch.com)
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this work was to investigate the efficacy of a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) slow-release tablet (CGRP tablet) for the prevention of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (biomedsearch.com)
RESULTS: In the SAH and placebo groups, cerebral vasospasm developed on Day 7 (54.8% of the pre-SAH value at the internal carotid artery, 62.3% at the middle cerebral artery, 51.3% at the anterior cerebral artery, and 56.1% as an average of the three arteries). (biomedsearch.com)
The CGRP concentration was positive only on Day 7 for the CGRP group (6.5 nmol/L). CONCLUSION: The CGRP tablet prevented cerebral vasospasm after SAH and may have significant potential for the treatment of patients with SAH. (biomedsearch.com)
The book contains 48 articles presented at the 11th International Conference on Cerebral Vasospasm held in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, in July 2011. (worldcat.org)
It includes research on postoperative cognitive dysfunctions, the effect of anesthetics on the growing brain, the new theories for the development of cerebral aneurysm and cerebral vasospasm, and many more. (novapublishers.com)
The authors provide an updated review of the literature for previous and recent clinical trials evaluating medical treatments in patients with cerebral vasospasm secondary to aSAH. (hindawi.com)
Currently, the strongest evidence supports use of prophylactic oral nimodipine and initiation of triple-H therapy for patients in cerebral vasospasm. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, future investigational efforts will need to resolve discrepant definitions and outcome measures for cerebral vasospasm in order to permit adequate study comparisons. (hindawi.com)
Cerebral vasospasm is estimated to occur in up to 70% of all aSAH patients and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
In this report, we review the literature and provide a concise, updated summary of recent clinical trials and current medical treatments evaluated in patients with cerebral vasospasm secondary to aSAH. (hindawi.com)
Caspase inhibitors prevent endothelial apoptosis and cerebral vasospasm in dog model of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. (semanticscholar.org)

Can Getting Excited Right Before Cause An Cerebral Hemorrhage (Aneurysm) Brain? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
Hemorrhage within the intracranial or spinal subarachnoid space, most often resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture or CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA (see also SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). (medconditions.net)
In unruptured cerebral aneurysms, treatment decisions are less clear and currently based solely on treating larger lesions, using rigid aneurysm size cutoffs generalized from recent studies that are the subject of ongoing controversy. (frontiersin.org)
When a patient has a cerebral aneurysm , can lumber puncture cause coma? (medhelp.org)
Some authorities prefer to classify traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhages as a separate disorder from those that occur spontaneously as the result of a ruptured aneurysm or other internal pathology. (britannica.com)
In these cases, approximately 85% of the hemorrhages are the result of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm . (britannica.com)
A hemorrhage caused by a burst cerebral aneurysm requires the clipping of the artery through a surgical procedure where part of the skull is removed. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Caution is required when initiating triple-H therapy as potential complications include cardiopulmonary failure, exacerbation of cerebral edema, renal failure, hyponatremia, sepsis, and a theoretical risk of untreated aneurysm rupture [ 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Most nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is resulted from ruptured aneurysm. (alliedacademies.org)

BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage is the least treatable form of stroke. (semanticscholar.org)
Dr. Sheth's special interests include cerebral edema, traumatic brain injury, intracerebral hemorrhaging, and ischemic stroke. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Intracerebral hemorrhage can be caused by brain trauma, or it can occur spontaneously in hemorrhagic stroke. (doctorbhatia.com)
The most common initial symptom of ICA dissection is unilateral neck or head pain followed by cerebral ischaemic symptoms like transient ischaemic attacks and stroke. (ispub.com)
Box 1 outlines patient characteristics, while Box 2 examines risk factors and medication use for ischaemic stroke (because haemorrhages were few). (mja.com.au)
A cerebral hemorrhage , also known as "bleeding in the brain," is a type of stroke. (schmidtlaw.com)

DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY, cerebral edema, and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION are frequently associated conditions. (medconditions.net)
Focal (localized) or diffuse edema (swelling) of the brain that frequently accompanies traumatic brain injuries. (iahp.org)
Edema with cerebral contusions, hemorrhages, or brain tumors is often focal (localized to one area of the brain) or may be diffuse. (iahp.org)
Cerebral edema following a TBI usually lasts from 3-10 days. (iahp.org)
We hypothesized that contrast extravasation (CE) and blood-brain barrier disruption might be associated with hemorrhage progression, brain edema, and clinical deterioration in these patients. (elsevier.com)
Results: In each noncontrast CT scan, the volumes of the contusion hemorrhage and edema were calculated using computerized planimetric techniques. (elsevier.com)
CONCLUSIONS: Early parenchymal CE is associated with hemorrhage progression, cerebral edema, clinical deterioration, and need for subsequent surgery. (elsevier.com)
The lack of oxygen can lead to brain swelling, referred to as cerebral edema . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cerebral edema is when fluid builds up around the brain, causing an increase in pressure known as intracranial pressure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cerebral edema can restrict the supply of blood to the brain. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cerebral edema can cause irreversible damage and, in some cases, be fatal. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cerebral edema can also occur above altitudes of around 4,000 meters . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Diagnosing cerebral edema can be challenging, as there are many potential causes and the symptoms may vary considerably. (medicalnewstoday.com)
When blood comes in contact with brain tissue, the tissue becomes irritated and swells (called cerebral edema ). (schmidtlaw.com)

Each kind of cerebral hemorrhage has distinctive clinical characteristics. (thefreedictionary.com)
The clinical and radiological spectrum of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. (semanticscholar.org)
Clinics need a rapid, efficient and strong specificity detection method to predict blood coagulation changes of patients with traumatic hemorrhage and to guide clinical treatment [ 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
This study is to analyse predictive function of TEG on blood coagulation changes in patients with cerebral traumatic hemorrhage, which can provide practical basis for clinical guidance. (alliedacademies.org)
Background: This study aimed to identify early radiologic signs that are predictive of hemorrhage progression and clinical deterioration in patients with traumatic cerebral contusion. (elsevier.com)
The initial Glasgow Coma Scale, hemorrhage progression, clinical deterioration, and the need for subsequent surgery were recorded. (elsevier.com)
Traumatic and atraumatic fractures are entities with distinct but often overlapping clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and management protocols. (bioportfolio.com)
The most common clinical presentation of cerebral aneurysms is rupture leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Guidelines for traumatic brain injury are undergoing constant revision with the incorporation of newly completed clinical studies and research. (medscape.com)
It is therefore a strong candidate for a clinical trial of epilepsy prevention following traumatic brain injury (TBI). (clinicaltrials.gov)
H. A. Guimarães Filho, J. J. Liberalino, A. T. P. Mendonça, C. V. S. B. Leite Filho, L. F. Felipe and C. F. Melo Júnior, "Use of Color Doppler Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Asymptomatic Full-Term Neonate: A Case Report," International Journal of Clinical Medicine , Vol. 3 No. 2, 2012, pp. 151-153. (scirp.org)
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare and distinct cerebrovascular disorder with highly variable clinical presentations [ 1 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
3 ]. Hemorrhagic infarctions were evident in 40% patients under CT-scan and hemorrhagic transformation occasionally lead to intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH) [ 4 - 6 ], however SAH is a rare clinical presentation. (alliedacademies.org)
I have over 15 years experience in Clinical Psychology with expertise in psychological and neuropsychological assessments (child, adolescent and adult), disability evaluation, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Psychiatric/Cognitive injuries, Immigration Evaluations, Personality Testing, Malingering and Symptom Validity Assessments. (forensisgroup.com)

impact of SAH due to trauma on cerebral perfusion and brain volume. (uu.nl)
Aim of the study: The aim of this single-center study is to examine the effect of sodium lactate infusion on cerebral extracellular metabolites, brain tissue PO2 and cerebral blood flow, measured with CT perfusion and transcranial doppler (TCD). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Methods- Continuous monitoring of arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, brain tissue oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, and middle cerebral artery flow velocity was performed in 44 patients. (ahajournals.org)
10 In head-injured patients, mannitol has long been favored for lowering ICP while increasing cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and CBF. (ahajournals.org)
In this study, the investigators examined the effects of pHCT scans on intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), and PbtO 2 in patients with severe brain injury. (thejns.org)

CT examination confirmed all were with simple cerebral injury: 7 cases with cerebral laceration, 17 with cerebral laceration combined with diffuse axonal injury, and 4 with epidural hematoma. (alliedacademies.org)
1. Epidural hemorrhage: Between the skull and the outer (dura) covering. (iahp.org)
The other category of intracranial hemorrhage is extra-axial hemorrhage, such as epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid hematomas, which all occur within the skull but outside of the brain tissue. (doctorbhatia.com)

In 2017, over 1 million inpatient stays and treat-and-release ED visits had a diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) (100 TBI-related stays and 247 visits per 100,000 population). (ahrq.gov)
Rapid imaging allows early diagnosis and characterization of the localization and severity of the haemorrhage. (medworm.com)
This will facilitate prompt identification and treatment of a retained foreign body, preventing delay in diagnosis and subsequent sequelae, such as infection, hemorrhage, or death. (harvard.edu)

Intra-cerebral haemorrhages may be superficial (in association with contusions) or deep-seated (usually within the basal ganglia). (forensicmed.co.uk)
Intra-cerebral haemorrhages may be primary (i.e. occurring at the time of the trauma) or secondary, due to the effects of raised intra-cranial pressure and cerebral oedema. (forensicmed.co.uk)
When an intra-cerebral haemorrhage has been caused by natural disease (such as systemic hypertension, for example), the haemorrhage is usually single, and located in the deep grey matter (e.g. thalamus), pons or cerebellum. (forensicmed.co.uk)
Furthermore, traumatic brain injuries and diseases that are impacting the brain health such as intra-cerebral hemorrhage, meningitis, and neurological damages among others are fostering the market growth to an extent. (medgadget.com)

hemorrhage into the substance of the cerebrum, usually in the region of the internal capsule by the rupture of the lenticulostriate artery. (thefreedictionary.com)
Most cerebral hemorrhages occur in the region of the basal ganglia and are caused by the rupture of a sclerotic artery as a result of hypertension. (thefreedictionary.com)
On histologic examination, a microscopic focal rupture was identified at the proximal portion of the middle cerebral artery, and possibility of arteriopathy was considered. (bvsalud.org)
A series of angiographic analyses were performed, before SAH and on Days 7 and 14, to examine changes in the diameters of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and anterior cerebral artery. (biomedsearch.com)
Does anyone know what this cerebral artery stuff is, & could i caught it from my b. (medhelp.org)
Post traumatic Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a rare complication of moderate to severe head injury in which an abnormal communication develops between internal carotid artery (ICA) and the cavernous sinus. (thefreelibrary.com)
As for the bleeding, Ötzi likely suffered a brain hemorrhage caused by an artery in the brain bursting and causing localized bleeding in the surrounding tissues. (hcpro.com)
The long-course AChA has anastomoses with the lateral posterior choroidal artery, the posterior cerebral artery and the posterior communicating artery [ 10 , 11 ]. (medsci.org)
A temporary endovascular balloon catheter was then placed into the left cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) as a precautionary measure to control bleeding in the event of intraoperative hemorrhage (Figure 2). (harvard.edu)

A very small proportion is due to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. (doctorbhatia.com)

Additional tags: intraparenchymal haemorrhage definition, intraparenchymal hemorrhage definition. (medconditions.net)
Find the definition of Traumatic Cerebral Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage in Wikipedia. (medconditions.net)
Cerebral aneurysms rarely cause intraparenchymal hemorrhage, but are the most common cause of pure subarachnoid hemorrhage, even in children. (mdpi.com)
intraparenchymal hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhages. (doctorbhatia.com)
As with other types of hemorrhages within the skull, intraparenchymal bleeds are a serious medical emergency because they can increase intracranial pressure. (doctorbhatia.com)
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage can be recognized on CT scans because blood appears brighter than other tissue and is separated from the inner table of the skull by brain tissue. (doctorbhatia.com)
The risk of death from an intraparenchymal bleed in traumatic brain injury is especially high when the injury occurs in the brain stem. (doctorbhatia.com)

This case illustrates that other parts of intracerebral arteries (other than the vertebral arteries) can be the culprit of rupture in the case of traumatic basal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and the post-mortem angiographic findings can be helpful in targeting the site of vascular injury. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, we suggest that post-mortem angiography can be an effective and adjunctive tool for a tailored approach in finding the vascular injury, and that histologic examination of both the intracranial and extracranial arteries be important to medicolegally ensure the death of traumatic basal subarachnoid hemorrhage and to examine presence of arteriopathy as a predisposing factor. (bvsalud.org)
Cerebral aneurysms are common vascular lesions. (frontiersin.org)
Cerebral aneurysms are common vascular lesions with prevalence in autopsy studies as high as 5% ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Enhancing volume status may increase cardiac output, resulting in increased vascular resistance and maintenance of cerebral blood flow in hypoperfused territories. (hindawi.com)
1 Most cases are either traumatic in origin or have underlying vascular disease such as atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia. (ispub.com)

Aside from the obvious flow of blood from a wound or body orifice, massive hemorrhage can be detected by other signs, such as restlessness, cold and clammy skin, thirst, increased and thready pulse, rapid and shallow respirations, and a drop in blood pressure. (thefreedictionary.com)

Brain bleed Neurology Abrupt bleeding into cerebral tissue, which may be 2º to HTN, ASHD malformations or trauma. (thefreedictionary.com)
A 73 yr old women suffers a severe cerebral hemorrhage after minor trauma. (lookfordiagnosis.com)
a woman suffers a severe cerebral hemorrhage after minor trauma.blood work reveals that her blood clotting? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
73 year old woman suffers sever cerebral hemorrhage after minor trauma? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
Need an opinion on MRI of head trauma - probable cerebral haemorrhage. (medhelp.org)
A subarachnoid hemorrhage most often occurs as the result of significant head trauma and is usually seen in the setting of skull fractures or injuries to the brain itself. (britannica.com)
Clinically, the two types of subarachnoid hemorrhage may be difficult to distiguish in the absence of clear indication of trauma. (britannica.com)
When a subarachnoid hemorrhage is secondary to head trauma, there is typically a constellation of symptoms similar to that seen in all serious head injuries that includes confusion or loss of consciousness, memory loss, dizziness or unsteadiness, lack of coordination, nausea and/or vomiting , or sleepiness. (britannica.com)
10 , 11 In some studies, MR imaging results were normal for athletes with head trauma, 7 , 9 whereas other studies demonstrated a variably increased prevalence of cerebral microhemorrhage (CMH), 4 , 5 nonspecific WM changes (NSWMCs), 11 or cavum septum pellucidum (CSP)/cavum septum pellucidum and vergae (CSPV). (ajnr.org)
However, the Brain Trauma Foundation recently published revised guidelines for severe traumatic brain injury, and their recommendations have been endorsed by neurosurgical professional organizations. (medscape.com)
Brain injuries caused by trauma are known as a traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) (Brain Injury Australia 2020). (ausmed.com.au)
Trauma is the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in children, and the distinction between traumatic versus spontaneous hemorrhage can be challenging. (mdpi.com)
With more than 20 years experience in neuropsychology, I have expertise in traumatic brain injury, prenatal injury, toxic encephalopathy, and emotional effects of trauma. (forensisgroup.com)

While the subarachnoid hemorrhage may not be directly responsible for neurological deficits such as numbness or weakness on one side of the body, these signs may be present as a result of concurrent injury to the brain. (britannica.com)
Furthermore, factors such as the increasing prevalence of neurological diseases and disorders of the nervous system such as Schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Cerebral Palsy alongside the changing lifestyle led by the growing urbanization and industrialization are fostering the market growth. (medgadget.com)
Traumatic brain injury (T.B.I.), is a very serious medical condition with a lot of health-related consequences, often leading to permanent neurological disabilities. (forensisgroup.com)

There is documentation in the scientific literature that intranasal delivery of BMSC allows the BMSC to follow the pathways of the trigeminal nerve, facilitating entry into the parenchyma and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) for effects on the CNS. (clinicaltrials.gov)

A generic term for haemorrhage within the cerebral parenchyma which, when superficial, is most commonly caused by contusions and, if deep, more often linked to hypertension and occurs in the putamen, thalamus, internal capsule, cerebellum or pons. (thefreedictionary.com)
hypertensive hemorrhage rarely occurs in children, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy is almost exclusively an adult disease [ 3 ]. (mdpi.com)
A cerebral hemorrhage (or intracerebral hemorrhage , ICH ), is a subtype of intracranial hemorrhage that occurs within the brain tissue itself. (doctorbhatia.com)
A brain hemorrhage occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and leaks. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A traumatic brain injury occurs when a sudden, violent blow or jolt to the head results in brain damage. (medicalnewstoday.com)
If a hemorrhage occurs in the brain in infants before, during, or shortly after birth, several parts of the brain that are important for development and motor skills can become impaired. (birthinjuryguide.org)

interventions A computed tomography scan may be performed to locate the lesion and to differentiate the hemorrhage from an embolus or thrombus, or cerebral angiography may be used for these purposes. (thefreedictionary.com)

Research and Markets has announced the addition of the 'Traumatic Brain Injury Forecast in 21 Major Markets 2016-2026' report to their offering. (prnewswire.co.uk)
Ninety post-operation (post-op) severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients admitted from October 2014 to April 2016 were chosen to participate in this study. (peerj.com)

Objective: To evaluate the technical success, complications and outcome of endovascular management of post traumatic carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) in patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital in Karahci. (thefreelibrary.com)

Mervyn Vergouwen is the president-elect of the 15th International Conference on SubArachnoid Hemorrhage (ISAH) 2019 and co-PI of the Prospective Randomized Open-label Trial to Evaluate risk faCTor management in patients with Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (PROTECT-U). (umcutrecht.nl)

It usually presents with pain, cerebral ischaemia, Horner's syndrome or intracranial haemorrhage and rarely with pulsatile tinnitus. (ispub.com)

Providing a value-added level of insight from the analysis team, several of the main symptoms and co-morbidities of Traumatic Brain Injury have been quantified and presented alongside the overall incidence figures. (prnewswire.co.uk)
A brain hemorrhage can cause a variety of different symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
At the time of the injury - in addition to losing consciousness and experiencing various other symptoms of brain injury - the individual might also experience post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) . (ausmed.com.au)
[6] Intracerebral hemorrhages are often misdiagnosed as Subarachnoid hemorrhages due to the similarity in symptoms and signs. (doctorbhatia.com)

Other patients with traumatic injury were regarded as B group, consisting of 8 male cases and 4 female cases (Age range: 23-62 y, mean ± sd=36.6 ± 5.6 y). (alliedacademies.org)

5. Intraventricular hemorrhage: Within the fluid-filled cavities of the brain. (iahp.org)

Hemorrhage may involve any part of the CEREBRAL CORTEX and the BASAL GANGLIA. (semanticscholar.org)
Case reports had identified haemorrhages predominantly occurring in the frontal and temporal lobes, but occasionally they were multiple, and located in the basal ganglia, parietal cortex and cerebellum. (forensicmed.co.uk)

Once identified, the subarachnoid hemorrhage requires immediate medical attention, and quick intervention is necessary to improve the chance of a positive outcome. (britannica.com)
Comment on: Early CSF and serum S 100B concentrations for outcome prediction in traumatic brain injury and subarachoid haemorrhage. (medscape.com)
Release of biochemical markers of damage to neuronal and glial brain tissue is associated with short and long term neuropsychological outcome after traumatic brain injury. (medscape.com)
In traumatic brain injury, episodes of low cerebral oxygenation are also associated with poor outcome. (ahajournals.org)

Treatment decisions are motivated by a desire to prevent rupture and the devastating morbidity and mortality associated with resulting subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (frontiersin.org)
Doctors discovered that Svanidze had suffered a cerebral hemorrhage, caused by a traumatic aortic rupture, at the time of his death. (wikipedia.org)

Hemorrhage may be arterial, venous, or capillary. (thefreedictionary.com)
There are two types of in intracranial hemorrhaging: arterial bleeding, in which there is loss of oxygen to the issues that carry blood to the heart, and venous bleeding, a hemorrhage that affects the veins that are responsible for returning blood to the heart. (birthinjuryguide.org)

2. Subdural hemorrhage: Between the outer (dura) and middle (arachnoid) coverings. (iahp.org)

Factors affecting oral feeding with severe traumatic brain injury. (medscape.com)
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) results and aggravates in secondary brain injury, which seriously affects the prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury patients. (peerj.com)
Studies suggested that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was associated with unfavorable outcomes in different diseases such as intracerebral hemorrhage, cardiovascular problem, cancer, and severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). (springer.com)
Carney NA, Ghajar J. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. (springer.com)

Other causes of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage include arteriovenous malformations, anticoagulation therapy, and the use of certain illicit drugs such as cocaine . (britannica.com)

Methods: Twenty-two patients with traumatic cerebral contusion (diagnosed on initial noncontrast head computed tomography [CT]) who initially did not require surgical intervention were enrolled in this study. (elsevier.com)
Methods: Descriptive case series of 26 patients of post traumatic CCF treated by endovascular techniques was carried out at Radiology and Neurosurgery departments of Aga Khan University hospital between January 2010 to March 2010. (thefreelibrary.com)

capillary hemorrhage oozing of blood from minute vessels. (thefreedictionary.com)

secondary hemorrhage that which follows an injury after a considerable lapse of time. (thefreedictionary.com)
SBI following primary impact (e.g., secondary hemorrhage insults) are important causes of damage to the brain [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

In the setting of a spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, the hallmark symptom is known as the "thunderclap headache. (britannica.com)

This pilot study is the first step in evaluation of levetiracetam in prevention of post-traumatic epilepsy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
I specialize in providing evaluations of veterans with claimed disabilities, including post traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury. (forensisgroup.com)

[3] This kind of hemorrhage can also occur in the cortex or subcortical areas, usually in the frontal or temporal lobes when due to head injury, and sometimes in the cerebellum. (doctorbhatia.com)

Pathologic features include cerebral prion protein amyloidosis, and spongiform or neurofibrillary degeneration. (bioportfolio.com)
Primary injuries to the brain include cerebral contusions, lacerations and diffuse axonal injury , which can then be followed by secondary injuries such as cerebral oedema, hypotension , hypoxia and electrolyte imbalances (Chua et al. (ausmed.com.au)

The medical disciplines of neurology , neurosurgery, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, physical therapy, rehabilitation counseling, psychotherapy, and other related areas may all be relevant in treating a traumatic brain injury victim. (forensisgroup.com)

Ten patients with traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage underwent combined monitoring of cerebral microdialysis, EEGPAV, and intermittent xenon-computerized tomograhpy to determine if EEGPAV monitoring could determine and monitor cellular distress in the context of oligemia. (ahajournals.org)
Patients will be monitored with an intra-parenchymal monitoring system, consisting of ICP (Codman®, Integra Neurosciences), PbtO2 (Licox®, Integra Neurosciences) and cerebral microdialysis (CMA Microdialysis®) catheters, based on the protocol for management of TBI presently in use at our center. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Are you pregnant and want to avoid undue risks of your child developing Cerebral Palsy? (cerebralpalsy.org)
Avoiding risk factors before conception, during pregnancy or during the birth process will help prevent a child from developing Cerebral Palsy. (cerebralpalsy.org)
The Cerebral Palsy Risk Factor Checklist helps parents determine if they may have been exposed to risk factors for Cerebral Palsy. (cerebralpalsy.org)
This includes items like exposure to hair dye, eating certain types of seafood, fertilizing the lawn, utilizing some cleaning products, inhaling second-hand cigarette smoke, drinking wine, and changing cat's litter box during pregnancy can subject the unborn baby to risk of developing Cerebral Palsy. (cerebralpalsy.org)
Parents of a child recently diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy may attempt to better understand the cause of their child's condition in order to potentially prevent impairment to any other child they may conceive at a later date. (cerebralpalsy.org)
Becoming aware of risk factors can help prevent birth defects, Cerebral Palsy, or children being born with some form of special needs. (cerebralpalsy.org)
Following are some commonly known risk factors that can lead to the development of Cerebral Palsy. (cerebralpalsy.org)
The presence of one or more of these risk factors does not ensure a child will develop Cerebral Palsy, nor does the absence of risk factors ensure a child will not have Cerebral Palsy. (cerebralpalsy.org)
other risk factors may contribute to the development of Cerebral Palsy, as well. (cerebralpalsy.org)
For more information on Cerebral Palsy Risk Factors, visit Cerebral Palsy Risk Factors . (cerebralpalsy.org)
In addition, the pressure on the brain puts infants and children at high-risk for developing cerebral palsy (CP). (birthinjuryguide.org)

cerebral) hypoxia during epileptic seizure? (medhelp.org)

Perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral superficial siderosis. (indigo.ca)

Proteomic identification of oxidized mitochondrial proteins following experimental traumatic brain injury. (semanticscholar.org)

Extensive hemorrhage is usually fatal. (thefreedictionary.com)
Secondary brain insults (SBI) predominantly due to hypotension are frequent among patients with fatal traumatic brain injury. (hindawi.com)
Most common adverse reactions to warfarin sodium are fatal and nonfatal hemorrhage from any tissue or organ. (nih.gov)
Doctors performed emergency brain surgery on Gainsbourg to remove a potentially fatal cerebral hemorrhage, according to a Consequences of Sound article. (brainandspinalcord.org)
People who take Pradaxa are more likely to suffer a fatal cerebral hemorrhage. (schmidtlaw.com)
Doctors recently warned that the number of fatal cerebral hemorrhages from falls may significantly increase as more and more elderly people use Pradaxa . (schmidtlaw.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms2

Diseases55

Chemicals and Drugs9

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

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Suicide after traumatic brain injury: a population study. (1/39)

The structural basis of moderate disability after traumatic brain damage. (2/39)

Giant cell glioblastoma manifesting as traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage--case report. (3/39)

Magnetization transfer MR imaging in patients with posttraumatic epilepsy. (4/39)

Acute fatal haemorrhage during percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy. (5/39)

Low doses of dexamethasone decrease brain water content of collagenase-induced cerebral hematoma. (6/39)

Diffuse axonal injury associated with chronic traumatic brain injury: evidence from T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging at 3 T. (7/39)

Endovascular management of intracranial pial arterio-venous fistulas. (8/39)

No images available that match "cerebral hemorrhage traumatic"

Cerebral Hemorrhage

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Cerebral Infarction

Hemorrhage

Cerebral Arteries

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Cerebrovascular Disorders

Intracranial Hemorrhages

Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive

Capillary Fragility

Cerebral Angiography

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial

Middle Cerebral Artery

Cerebrovascular Circulation

Brain

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Amyloidosis

Brain Ischemia

Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis

Stroke

Hematoma

Retinal Hemorrhage

Intracranial Aneurysm

Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System

Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic

Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Cerebral Palsy

Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations

Aphasia, Wernicke

Cystatins

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Rupture, Spontaneous

Ischemic Attack, Transient

Japan

Brain Edema

Time Factors

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Fatal Outcome

Streptococcus anginosus

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Hypertension

Fibrinolytic Agents

Vitreous Hemorrhage

Eye Hemorrhage

Treatment Outcome

Acute Disease

Neurologic Examination

Autonomic Dysreflexia

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery

Moyamoya Disease

Vasospasm, Intracranial

Cerebral Veins

Risk Factors

Malaria, Cerebral

Amyloid beta-Peptides

Anticoagulants

Thrombolytic Therapy

Cystatin C

Amyloid

Retrospective Studies

Prospective Studies

Blood Pressure

Intracranial Embolism

Cerebral Ventricles

Alzheimer Disease

Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage

Disease Models, Animal

Follow-Up Studies

Incidence

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor

Postoperative Hemorrhage

Infant, Newborn

Age Factors

Recurrence

Risk

Postoperative Complications

Aneurysm, Ruptured

Basilar Artery

Choroid Hemorrhage

Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage

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