Radiography of the vascular system of the brain after injection of a contrast medium.
Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.
Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.
A method of delineating blood vessels by subtracting a tissue background image from an image of tissue plus intravascular contrast material that attenuates the X-ray photons. The background image is determined from a digitized image taken a few moments before injection of the contrast material. The resulting angiogram is a high-contrast image of the vessel. This subtraction technique allows extraction of a high-intensity signal from the superimposed background information. The image is thus the result of the differential absorption of X-rays by different tissues.
Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.
The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.
Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)
The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).
Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.
Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES; SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and vascular steal effect.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.
Veins draining the cerebrum.
Large endothelium-lined venous channels situated between the two layers of DURA MATER, the endosteal and the meningeal layers. They are devoid of valves and are parts of the venous system of dura mater. Major cranial sinuses include a postero-superior group (such as superior sagittal, inferior sagittal, straight, transverse, and occipital) and an antero-inferior group (such as cavernous, petrosal, and basilar plexus).
The first branch of the SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY with distribution to muscles of the NECK; VERTEBRAE; SPINAL CORD; CEREBELLUM; and interior of the CEREBRUM.
A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.
Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the anterior part of the brain, the eye and its appendages, the forehead and nose.
Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.
Artery formed by the bifurcation of the BASILAR ARTERY. Branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply portions of the OCCIPITAL LOBE; PARIETAL LOBE; inferior temporal gyrus, brainstem, and CHOROID PLEXUS.
Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)
A polygonal anastomosis at the base of the brain formed by the internal carotid (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL), proximal parts of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries (ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), the anterior communicating artery and the posterior communicating arteries.
Congenital, inherited, or acquired abnormalities involving ARTERIES; VEINS; or venous sinuses in the BRAIN; SPINAL CORD; and MENINGES.
A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.
The largest of the cerebral arteries. It trifurcates into temporal, frontal, and parietal branches supplying blood to most of the parenchyma of these lobes in the CEREBRAL CORTEX. These are the areas involved in motor, sensory, and speech activities.
The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.
Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.
Visualization of a vascular system after intravenous injection of a fluorescein solution. The images may be photographed or televised. It is used especially in studying the retinal and uveal vasculature.
Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in arterial or venous structures.
Microsurgical revascularization to improve intracranial circulation. It usually involves joining the extracranial circulation to the intracranial circulation but may include extracranial revascularization (e.g., subclavian-vertebral artery bypass, subclavian-external carotid artery bypass). It is performed by joining two arteries (direct anastomosis or use of graft) or by free autologous transplantation of highly vascularized tissue to the surface of the brain.
Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.
Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN).
The artery formed by the union of the right and left vertebral arteries; it runs from the lower to the upper border of the pons, where it bifurcates into the two posterior cerebral arteries.
A method of hemostasis utilizing various agents such as Gelfoam, silastic, metal, glass, or plastic pellets, autologous clot, fat, and muscle as emboli. It has been used in the treatment of spinal cord and INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS, renal arteriovenous fistulas, gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, hypersplenism, certain highly vascular tumors, traumatic rupture of blood vessels, and control of operative hemorrhage.
Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.
Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are due to abnormalities or pathological processes in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY.
Artery formed by the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL). Branches of the anterior cerebral artery supply the CAUDATE NUCLEUS; INTERNAL CAPSULE; PUTAMEN; SEPTAL NUCLEI; GYRUS CINGULI; and surfaces of the FRONTAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE.
A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)
Inflammation of blood vessels within the central nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by autoimmune or idiopathic factors, while secondary vasculitis is caused by existing disease process. Clinical manifestations are highly variable but include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; behavioral alterations; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; and BRAIN INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp856-61)
Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.
Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)
Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supplies the BRAIN STEM; CEREBELLUM; OCCIPITAL LOBE; medial TEMPORAL LOBE; and THALAMUS. Characteristic clinical features include SYNCOPE; lightheadedness; visual disturbances; and VERTIGO. BRAIN STEM INFARCTIONS or other BRAIN INFARCTION may be associated.
Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined venous channels situated within the SKULL. Intracranial sinuses, also called cranial venous sinuses, include the superior sagittal, cavernous, lateral, petrous sinuses, and many others. Cranial sinus thrombosis can lead to severe HEADACHE; SEIZURE; and other neurological defects.
Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.
Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX) damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)
Any operation on the cranium or incision into the cranium. (Dorland, 28th ed)
An abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.
A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)
Surgical excision, performed under general anesthesia, of the atheromatous tunica intima of an artery. When reconstruction of an artery is performed as an endovascular procedure through a catheter, it is called ATHERECTOMY.
Maintenance of blood flow to an organ despite obstruction of a principal vessel. Blood flow is maintained through small vessels.
Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the CAPILLARIES. They usually are crooked, dilated, and with thick vessel walls. A common type is the congenital arteriovenous fistula. The lack of blood flow and oxygen in the capillaries can lead to tissue damage in the affected areas.
A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.
Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.
Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.
Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervous system.
Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.
Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.
The compartment containing the inferior part and anterior extremities of the frontal lobes (FRONTAL LOBE) of the cerebral hemispheres. It is formed mainly by orbital parts of the FRONTAL BONE and the lesser wings of the SPHENOID BONE.
NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.
The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
An irregularly shaped venous space in the dura mater at either side of the sphenoid bone.
Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region but can occur spontaneously.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM (and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p136)
Hand-held tools or implements used by health professionals for the performance of surgical tasks.
Arteries arising from the external carotid or the maxillary artery and distributing to the temporal region.
Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.
A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION.
INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea, hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)
The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
The measurement of visualization by radiation of any organ after a radionuclide has been injected into its blood supply. It is used to diagnose heart, liver, lung, and other diseases and to measure the function of those organs, except renography, for which RADIOISOTOPE RENOGRAPHY is available.
Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.
Aneurysm due to growth of microorganisms in the arterial wall, or infection arising within preexisting arteriosclerotic aneurysms.
A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.
Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.
Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.
A non-invasive technique using ultrasound for the measurement of cerebrovascular hemodynamics, particularly cerebral blood flow velocity and cerebral collateral flow. With a high-intensity, low-frequency pulse probe, the intracranial arteries may be studied transtemporally, transorbitally, or from below the foramen magnum.
Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.
The outermost of the three MENINGES, a fibrous membrane of connective tissue that covers the brain and the spinal cord.
The direct continuation of the brachial trunk, originating at the bifurcation of the brachial artery opposite the neck of the radius. Its branches may be divided into three groups corresponding to the three regions in which the vessel is situated, the forearm, wrist, and hand.
The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.
The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)
Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.
A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.
The excision of the thickened, atheromatous tunica intima of a carotid artery.
Aneurysm caused by a tear in the TUNICA INTIMA of a blood vessel leading to interstitial HEMORRHAGE, and splitting (dissecting) of the vessel wall, often involving the AORTA. Dissection between the intima and media causes luminal occlusion. Dissection at the media, or between the media and the outer adventitia causes aneurismal dilation.
Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.
Computed tomography where there is continuous X-ray exposure to the patient while being transported in a spiral or helical pattern through the beam of irradiation. This provides improved three-dimensional contrast and spatial resolution compared to conventional computed tomography, where data is obtained and computed from individual sequential exposures.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.
In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.
A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.
A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.
The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.
Types of spiral computed tomography technology in which multiple slices of data are acquired simultaneously improving the resolution over single slice acquisition technology.
Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
The veins and arteries of the HEART.
An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.
Computer systems or networks designed to provide radiographic interpretive information.
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.
A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.
A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.
The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).
Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)
A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES. Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed., 2005)
Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).
Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.
Improvement in the quality of an x-ray image by use of an intensifying screen, tube, or filter and by optimum exposure techniques. Digital processing methods are often employed.
Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.
The use of ultrasound to guide minimally invasive surgical procedures such as needle ASPIRATION BIOPSY; DRAINAGE; etc. Its widest application is intravascular ultrasound imaging but it is useful also in urology and intra-abdominal conditions.
The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.
Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.
Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level.
Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions.
Dilation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply.
NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).
Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.
Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.
The concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, seen by means of the ophthalmoscope. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)
A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Delivery of drugs into an artery.
The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.
Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect combined with real-time imaging. The real-time image is created by rapid movement of the ultrasound beam. A powerful advantage of this technique is the ability to estimate the velocity of flow from the Doppler shift frequency.
The amount of radiation energy that is deposited in a unit mass of material, such as tissues of plants or animal. In RADIOTHERAPY, radiation dosage is expressed in gray units (Gy). In RADIOLOGIC HEALTH, the dosage is expressed by the product of absorbed dose (Gy) and quality factor (a function of linear energy transfer), and is called radiation dose equivalent in sievert units (Sv).
Radiographic visualization of the aorta and its branches by injection of contrast media, using percutaneous puncture or catheterization procedures.
Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are invasive or surgical in nature, and require the expertise of a specially trained radiologist. In general, they are more invasive than diagnostic imaging but less invasive than major surgery. They often involve catheterization, fluoroscopy, or computed tomography. Some examples include percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, percutaneous transthoracic biopsy, balloon angioplasty, and arterial embolization.
Triiodo-substituted derivatives of BENZOIC ACID.
The degree to which BLOOD VESSELS are not blocked or obstructed.
Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.
The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.
Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes.
Derived from TELENCEPHALON, cerebrum is composed of a right and a left hemisphere. Each contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia. The cerebrum includes all parts within the skull except the MEDULLA OBLONGATA, the PONS, and the CEREBELLUM. Cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities.
Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.
PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.
Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.
The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
The escape of diagnostic or therapeutic material from the vessel into which it is introduced into the surrounding tissue or body cavity.
Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.
Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM). It indicates a thin and weakened area in the wall which may later rupture. Aneurysms are classified by location, etiology, or other characteristics.
Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Any visible result of a procedure which is caused by the procedure itself and not by the entity being analyzed. Common examples include histological structures introduced by tissue processing, radiographic images of structures that are not naturally present in living tissue, and products of chemical reactions that occur during analysis.
Restoration of blood supply to tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. It is primarily a procedure for treating infarction or other ischemia, by enabling viable ischemic tissue to recover, thus limiting further necrosis. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing REPERFUSION INJURY.
The innermost layer of the three meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. It is the fine vascular membrane that lies under the ARACHNOID and the DURA MATER.
Motion pictures of the passage of contrast medium through blood vessels.
The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.
Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease.
The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood is flowing into the MYOCARDIUM by following over time the distribution of tracers injected into the blood stream.
Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image. This type of ultrasonography is well-suited to identifying the location of high-velocity flow (such as in a stenosis) or of mapping the extent of flow in a certain region.
A reduction in brain oxygen supply due to ANOXEMIA (a reduced amount of oxygen being carried in the blood by HEMOGLOBIN), or to a restriction of the blood supply to the brain, or both. Severe hypoxia is referred to as anoxia, and is a relatively common cause of injury to the central nervous system. Prolonged brain anoxia may lead to BRAIN DEATH or a PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE. Histologically, this condition is characterized by neuronal loss which is most prominent in the HIPPOCAMPUS; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; CEREBELLUM; and inferior olives.
A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.
Radiography of the heart and great vessels after injection of a contrast medium.
An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.
Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.
A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters.
Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.
The ratio of maximum blood flow to the MYOCARDIUM with CORONARY STENOSIS present, to the maximum equivalent blood flow without stenosis. The measurement is commonly used to verify borderline stenosis of CORONARY ARTERIES.
The restoration of blood supply to the myocardium. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.
Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the exterior of the head, the face, and the greater part of the neck.
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
The arterial trunk that arises from the abdominal aorta and after a short course divides into the left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries.
Timing the acquisition of imaging data to specific points in the cardiac cycle to minimize image blurring and other motion artifacts.
Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries; ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING; and others.
Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.
Use of a balloon catheter for dilation of an occluded artery. It is used in treatment of arterial occlusive diseases, including renal artery stenosis and arterial occlusions in the leg. For the specific technique of BALLOON DILATION in coronary arteries, ANGIOPLASTY, BALLOON, CORONARY is available.
Gadolinium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.
Not an aneurysm but a well-defined collection of blood and CONNECTIVE TISSUE outside the wall of a blood vessel or the heart. It is the containment of a ruptured blood vessel or heart, such as sealing a rupture of the left ventricle. False aneurysm is formed by organized THROMBUS and HEMATOMA in surrounding tissue.
Use of infusions of FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS to destroy or dissolve thrombi in blood vessels or bypass grafts.
The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.
The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood flow reaches by following the distribution of tracers injected into the blood stream.
A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.
Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.
Combination or superimposition of two images for demonstrating differences between them (e.g., radiograph with contrast vs. one without, radionuclide images using different radionuclides, radiograph vs. radionuclide image) and in the preparation of audiovisual materials (e.g., offsetting identical images, coloring of vessels in angiograms).
Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.
Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)
Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts.
One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)
The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.
Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms are due to CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases, such as KAWASAKI DISEASE.
A gamma-emitting RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING agent used in the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow and in non-invasive dynamic biodistribution studies and MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING. It has also been used to label leukocytes in the investigation of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES.
Organic compounds that contain technetium as an integral part of the molecule. These compounds are often used as radionuclide imaging agents.
Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.
Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.
The main artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery.
Radiographic visualization or recording of a vein after the injection of contrast medium.
Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).

Intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Observations after experience with computerised tomography. (1/3177)

Thirty-six patients with angiographically confirmed intracranial arteriovenous malformations have had computerised tomographic scans performed as part of their investigation. This study demonstrates the incidence of haematoma formation after haemorrhage, the frequency of calcification not visible on plain radiographs, and describes the possible causes for a complicating hydrocephalus. Further information has been gained from the intravenous injection of sodium iothalamate (Conray 420), with comparison of the scans taken before and after the injection.  (+info)

Computerised axial tomography in patients with severe migraine: a preliminary report. (2/3177)

Patients suffering from severe migraine, usually for many years, have been examined by the EMI scanner between attacks. Judged by criteria validated originally by comparison with pneumoencephalography, about half of the patients showed evidence of cerebral atrophy. Perhaps of more significance than generalised atrophy was the frequency of areas of focal atrophy and of evidence of infarction.  (+info)

Two similar cases of encephalopathy, possibly a reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: serial findings of magnetic resonance imaging, SPECT and angiography. (3/3177)

Two young women who had encephalopathy that resembled reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome are presented. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of these patients exhibited similar T2-high signal lesions, mostly in the white matter of the posterior hemispheres. Xe-SPECT during the patients' symptomatic period showed hypoperfusion in the corresponding areas, and angiography demonstrated irregular narrowing of the posterior cerebral artery. Clinical manifestations subsided soon after treatment, and the abnormal radiological findings also were almost completely resolved. Thus, we concluded that transient hypoperfusion followed by ischemia and cytotoxic edema might have had a pivotal role in these cases.  (+info)

Large and giant middle to lower basilar trunk aneurysms treated by surgical and interventional neuroradiological methods. (4/3177)

Treatment of large and giant aneurysms of the basilar artery remains difficult and controversial. Three large or giant aneurysms of the lower basilar artery were treated with a combination of surgical and interventional neuroradiological procedures. All patients underwent the balloon occlusion test with hypotensive challenge (blood pressure reduced to 70% of the control value). The third patient did not tolerate the test. In the first patient, both vertebral arteries were occluded through a craniotomy. In the second patient, both the aneurysm and the basilar artery were occluded by detached balloons. In the third patient, one vertebral artery was occluded by surgical clipping and the other by detached helical coils and fiber coils. In spite of anti-coagulation and anti-platelet therapy, postoperative thrombotic or embolic ischemia occurred in the second and third patients. Fibrinolytic therapy promptly corrected the ischemic symptoms, but the second patient developed hemorrhagic complications at the craniotomy area 2 hours later. At follow-up examination, the first patient had only 8th cranial nerve paresis, the second patient who had a hemorrhagic complication was bed-ridden, and the third patient had no deficit. Interventional occlusion requires a longer segment of the parent artery compared to surgical occlusion of the parent artery and might cause occlusion of the perforating arteries. However, selected use of various coils can occlude only a short segment of the parent artery. Thus, the postoperative management of thromboembolic ischemia after the occlusion of the parent artery is easier using the interventional technique.  (+info)

Combined carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass graft. (5/3177)

Atherosclerosis is a generalized disease which afflicts a considerable number of patients in both the carotid and coronary arteries. Although the risk of stroke or death use to combined carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is thought to be higher than that of each individual operation, the combined procedure is generally preferred over staged operations to treat such patients. We performed the combined procedure safely with the aid of intraoperative portable digital subtraction angiography (DSA). This report describes our experience with the operative strategy of simultaneous CEA and CABG. Ninety CEA and 404 CABG were carried out between January 1989 and December 1997. A total of six patients received the combined procedure with the aid of intraoperative DSA; they were studied retrospectively. Postoperative mortality and morbidity after the combined procedure was 0%. In the combined procedure, neurological complications are difficult to detect after CEA because the patient must be maintained under general anesthesia and extracorporeal circulation during the subsequent CABG. However, intraoperative DSA can confirm patency of the internal carotid artery and absence of flap formation after CEA, and the CABG can be performed safely. Intraoperative portable DSA between CEA and CABG is helpful in preventing perioperative stroke in the combined procedure.  (+info)

Angiographical extravasation of contrast medium in hemorrhagic infarction. Case report. (6/3177)

Leakage of the contrast medium was noted on angiograms of a patient whose autopsied brain disclosed typical pathological findings of hemorrhagic infarction. The case was a 63-year old woman with mitral valve failure, who suddenly had loss of consciousness and right-sided hemiplegia. The left carotid angiography performed six hours after onset demonstrated middle cerebral arterial axis occlusion, and the second angiography performed three days after onset displayed recanalization of the initially occluded artery as well as extravasation of the contrast medium. Fourteen days after onset the patient died and an autopsy was performed. The brain demonstrated perivascular punctate hemorrhages in the area supplied by the middle cerebral artery, and neither hematoma nor microaneurysm was disclosed pathologically. A short discussion is given on the possible relationship between recanalization and hemorrhagic infarction. The clinical assessment of hemorrhagic infarction has not been established successfully.  (+info)

Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. (7/3177)

PURPOSE: The feasibility and safety of combining carotid surgery and thrombolysis for occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the middle cerebral artery (MCA), either as a simultaneous or as a staged procedure in acute ischemic strokes, was studied. METHODS: A nonrandomized clinical pilot study, which included patients who had severe hemispheric carotid-related ischemic strokes and acute occlusions of the MCA, was performed between January 1994 and January 1998. Exclusion criteria were cerebral coma and major infarction established by means of cerebral computed tomography scan. Clinical outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin scale. RESULTS: Carotid reconstruction and thrombolysis was performed in 14 of 845 patients (1.7%). The ICA was occluded in 11 patients; occlusions of the MCA (mainstem/major branches/distal branch) or the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) were found in 14 patients. In three of the 14 patients, thrombolysis was performed first, followed by carotid enarterectomy (CEA) after clinical improvement (6 to 21 days). In 11 of 14 patients, 0.15 to 1 mIU urokinase was administered intraoperatively, ie, emergency CEA for acute ischemic stroke (n = 5) or surgical reexploration after elective CEA complicated by perioperative intracerebral embolism (n = 6). Thirteen of 14 intracranial embolic occlusions and 10 of 11 ICA occlusions were recanalized successfully (confirmed with angiography or transcranial Doppler studies). Four patients recovered completely (Rankin 0), six patients sustained a minor stroke (Rankin 2/3), two patients had a major stroke (Rankin 4/5), and two patients died. In one patient, hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic infarction was detectable postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Combining carotid surgery with thrombolysis (simultaneous or staged procedure) offers a new therapeutic approach in the emergency management of an acute carotid-related stroke. Its efficacy should be evaluated in interdisciplinary studies.  (+info)

Surgical treatment of internal carotid artery anterior wall aneurysm with extravasation during angiography--case report. (8/3177)

A 54-year-old female presented subarachnoid hemorrhage from an aneurysm arising from the anterior (dorsal) wall of the internal carotid artery (ICA). During four-vessel angiography, an extravasated saccular pooling of contrast medium emerged in the suprasellar area unrelated to any arterial branch. The saccular pooling was visualized in the arterial phase and cleared in the venophase during every contrast medium injection. We suspected that the extravasated pooling was surrounded by hard clot but communicated with the artery. Direct surgery was performed but major premature bleeding occurred during the microsurgical procedure. After temporary clipping, an opening of the anterior (dorsal) wall of the ICA was found without apparent aneurysm wall. The vessel wall was sutured with nylon thread. The total occlusion time of the ICA was about 50 minutes. Follow-up angiography demonstrated good patency of the ICA. About 2 years after the operation, the patient was able to walk with a stick and to communicate freely through speech, although left hemiparesis and left homonymous hemianopsia persisted. The outcome suggests our treatment strategy was not optimal, but suture of the ICA wall is one of the therapeutic choices when premature rupture occurs in the operation.  (+info)

With this … Learn more about angiograms here. Following the procedure, the individual is taken to the recovery room where he needs to lie flat. This procedure involves the placement of fluorescent material into the vein or artery of concern that increases the contrast between vessels and surrounding tissue so … Catheter-based angiography is an important but invasive procedure in vascular neurology. a cerebral angiogram. A 43-year-old member asked: how long after a cerebral angiogram before you can exercise? Watch for bleeding from the site. Any blockages, narrowing, aneurysms (ballooning) or other abnormalities of the arteries are imaged. Hereâ s what to expect at every stage of the process. After about five days, if no complications occur, you can expect to resume normal activities, including bathing and swimming, unless your doctor recommends otherwise. Cerebral angiography Angiography is a type of x-ray test used to produce pictures of blood vessels. Try to do this every 1 to 2 hours for ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Arterial dissections complicating cerebral angiography and cerebrovascular interventions. AU - Cloft, Harry J.. AU - Jensen, Mary E.. AU - Kallmes, David F. AU - Dion, Jacques E.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Iatrogenic dissections are an uncommon complication of cerebral angiography. We retrospectively reviewed 12 cases of arterial dissections complicating cerebral angiography and cerebrovascular interventions to evaluate the clinical course of these dissections. METHODS: Cases from a large tertiary center performing a large number of neurovascular procedures were collected retrospectively. The patients medical records and imaging studies were reviewed, with particular attention given to the cause of the dissection, the development of ischemic events resulting from the dissection, and the treatment used. RESULTS: Each of nine dissections affected a vertebral artery, each of two affected an internal carotid artery, and one affected a common carotid artery. ...
Isolated angiitis of the CNS is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by signs and symptoms of diffuse ischemia or recurrent strokes and histologic evidence of vascular inflammation. Angiography frequently suggests the diagnosis, but angiographic changes over time have not been delineated. This study investigates the evolution of radiographic findings in CNS vasculitis by serial angiography in 19 patients. Abnormal angiographic findings include segmental arterial narrowings and dilatations, vascular occlusions, collateral formation, and prolonged circulation time. Smooth narrowings of the affected vessels occurring in multiple vascular distributions are the most frequent abnormality. Single stenotic areas in multiple vessels are more frequent than multiple stenotic areas along a single vessel segment. Vascular occlusions, the least diagnostic feature, affect small arteries in some patients. Serial studies demonstrate progression of angiographic changes prior to therapy and improvement or ...
The first part of the book describes the normal anatomy of the cerebral arteries and veins, with attention to morphological aspect, embryological development, function, and vascular territories. Cerebral Angiography: Normal Anatomy and Vascular Pathology di Bradac, Gianni Boris su AbeBooks.it - ISBN 10: 3642156770 - ISBN 13: 9783642156779 - Springer Verlag - 2011 - Rilegato This anatomy module of e-Anatomy was designed and created by MD Micheau Antoine and MD Hoa Denis, radiologists in Montpellier (France). arteriovenous malformation; arteriovenous fistula MR angiography, and especially Gd-enhanced 3D MRA, has recently emerged and offers excellent visualization of venous morphology from multiple orientations. An overview of the current non-invasive MRA methods and their applications has been provided during depiction of normal venous anatomy. CT angiography of the cerebral arteries (also known as a CTA carotids or an arch to vertex angiogram) is a noninvasive technique allows visualization of ...
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This revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography, which includes new angiographic studies and illustrative drawings, offers detailed guidance on diagnostic use of the procedure. The first part of the book describes the normal anatomy of the cerebral arteries and veins, with attention to mor.... Full description. ...
This revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography, which includes new angiographic studies and illustrative drawings, offers detailed guidance on diagnostic use of the procedure. The first par
There have been many reports of changes in hemodynamic status or cognitive function after CAS; however, few report the morphologic changes in intracranial vasculature after CAS. Morphologic changes of the intracranial artery were noted immediately after CAS in patients with NTO, and smooth vascular narrowing was observed. In our study, all the patients with vasoconstriction were asymptomatic, which indicated that these morphologic changes in the intracranial vasculature are physiologic responses to increased cerebral perfusion, which is a type of autoregulation.. Cerebral autoregulation is a homeostatic process that regulates and maintains constant CBF in a range of blood pressures. In healthy adults, CBF is constantly maintained between 50 and 150 mm Hg cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). The vascular adjustments that underlie autoregulation consist of constriction of cerebral resistance vessels when CPP increases and vasodilation of these vessels when CPP decreases.14 However, during cerebral ...
You had a procedure called cerebral angiography. This is an X-ray study of the blood vessels that supply your brain. Heres what to do at home afterward.
You had a procedure called cerebral angiography. This is an X-ray study of the blood vessels that supply your brain. Heres what to do at home afterward.
You had a procedure called cerebral angiography. This is an X-ray study of the blood vessels that supply your brain. Heres what to do at home afterward.
You had a procedure called cerebral angiography. This is an X-ray study of the blood vessels that supply your brain. Heres what to do at home afterward.
TY - CHAP. T1 - Cerebral angiography in pediatrics. AU - Scotti, G.. AU - Pieralli, S.. AU - Righi, C.. AU - Triulzi, F.. AU - Visciani, A.. PY - 1989. Y1 - 1989. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0024576981&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0024576981&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Chapter. AN - SCOPUS:0024576981. VL - 1. SP - 257. EP - 263. BT - Rivista di Neuroradiologia. ER - ...
Searching for Global Cerebral Angiography Market 2020 Business Opportunities - Siemens Healthineers (Germany), TERUMO Corporation (Japan) . We got you covered at iCrowdNewswire
Even in challenging cases, CT angiography offers an accurate and rapid diagnosis for blunt trauma victims who may have aortic or great vessel injury negating the need for more invasive procedures, according to a recent study conducted by radiologists at the University of Washington and the Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center in Seattle. CTA is commonly used to rule out blunt aortic and intrathoracic great vessel injuries, but sometimes the results are indeterminate, said Marla Sammer, M.D., lead author of the study.
Color enhanced medicine radiology angiography showing normal blood vessels in the brain. (Enhancement of GA3404) - Stock Image C003/4771
Hi all-- Can you please comment to help me confirm the appropriate 36000 series for this given cerebral angiogram scenario? Patient is normal arch art
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Discussion about Improvement of Stability of the Scan Timing by Placing Small ROI in Cerebral 3D-CTA. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
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Background and Purpose-Detection of acute infarction in the posterior circulation is challenging. We aimed to determine the additional value of tomograpy (CT) perfusion to noncontrast CT and CT angiography source images for infarct detection and localization in patients suspected of acute ischemic posterior circulation stroke. Methods-Patients with suspected acute ischemic ... read more posterior circulation stroke were selected from the Dutch acute Stroke Trial (DUST) study. Patients underwent noncontrast CT, CT angiography, and CT perfusion within 9 hours after stroke onset and CT or MRI on follow-up. Images were evaluated for signs and location of ischemia. Discrimination of 3 hierarchical logistic regression models (noncontrast CT [A], added CT angiography source images [B], and CT perfusion [C]) was compared with C-statistics. Results-Of 88 patients, 76 (86%) had a clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke on discharge and 42 patients (48%) showed a posterior circulation infarct on follow-up ...
In this report, a case of anomalous internal carotid artery looping into the orbital apex is presented. The patient was a 41-year-old man with sudden onset headache, suggestive of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Imaging with CT demonstrated a perimesencephalic distribution of blood. Cerebral angiography confirmed non-aneurysmal, perimesencephalic SAH, but incidentally noted an anomalous left internal carotid artery with a course into the orbital cone. This is the only known example of this anatomic variation. Potential embryological explanations are discussed. ...
Endovascular procedures were divided into 2 categories. Double stent-assisted coiling was included in the reconstructive method, and trapping with coiling was included in the deconstructive methods. When we performed reconstructive methods with stenting, a dual-antipletelet regimen with oral acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg) and clopidogrel (75 mg) was not administered until the next day following aneurysm obliteration, and was maintained for at least 3 months, after which the clopidogrel was stopped. We did not use any antiplatelet regimen when performing deconstructive methods. The first follow-up angiography was performed at 2 weeks after the procedure, to determine whether the dissecting segment had reappeared or was well-maintained. If a patient had neurological deterioration during this period, we performed a follow-up angiogram immediately. Regrowth and/or recanalization of aneurysms found on a follow-up angiogram were treated immediately. Sequential follow-up magnetic resonance angiography ...
A method is provided for angiographic examination of an organ, vascular system or other body regions as the examination object of a patient by means of 4D rotational angiography. A step S1 of the method involves acquisition of projection images (24) in different cardiac phases (c0 to cN). A further step S2 involves reconstruction of 3D volume images (26) in the different cardiac phases (c0 to cN). A further step S3 involves calculation of a motion map (28, 38). A further step S4 includes image combination of the 3D volume images (26) with the motion map (28, 38) to produce resulting, corrected 3D volume images (40) in the different cardiac phases (c0 to cN). A further step S5 involves presentation of the resulting, corrected 3D volume images (40).
Background: Collateral grade on cerebral angiography has great predictive significance for patient outcome, which is important to determine indication for endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Distal hyperintense vessels (DHV) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging (FLAIR) is a noninvasive and useful imaging marker that reflects leptomeningeal collateral flow. We investigated whether DHV in patients with AIS was associated with collaterals grade on cerebral angiography and clinical outcome after endovascular therapy.. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with AIS who had internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery occlusion in three comprehensive stroke centers from August 2011 to July 2015. We selected those who underwent FLAIR sequence before endovascular therapy. Presence of DHV was evaluated using a previously-published method. Collateral grades on pre-treatment cerebral angiography were assessed with the American Society of Interventional and ...
Conclusions Patients with IE or similar sources of central bacterial emboli are prone to neurovascular complications. Approximately 9% of patients with IE at our institution who undergo cerebral angiography have mycotic aneurysms. Presentation with hemorrhage appears to be more predictive of aneurysm, as approximately 22% of patients with IE and hemorrhage were found to have an aneurysm compared with only 1% when hemorrhage was absent. Thus, patients with IE presenting with intracranial hemorrhage should undergo vascular imaging, preferably with cerebral angiography.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Vasospasm secondary to ruptured aneurysm. T2 - assessment by digital intravenous angiography.. AU - Pinto, R. S.. AU - Kricheff, I. I.. AU - De Filipp, G.. AU - Flamm, E. S.. AU - Lin, J. P.. PY - 1983/5/1. Y1 - 1983/5/1. N2 - Digital intravenous angiography was used for the documentation and evaluation of cerebral vasospasm secondary to acute ruptured aneurysm. Attenuation of vessel caliber and/or generalized poor visualization of intracranial arteries and prolongation of circulation time were observed in seven patients with the acute clinical diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm. Posttreatment intravenous angiography demonstrated improvement in both arterial caliber and circulation time in six patients who responded to medical therapy for vasospasm. Digital intravenous angiography allowed repeat investigations of the intracranial vasculature safely and quickly without undue risk to the critically ill patient.. AB - Digital intravenous angiography was used for the documentation and ...
In this paper, we propose a robust 3D rigid registration technique for detecting cerebral aneurysms, arterial stenosis, and other vascular anomalies in a brain CT angiography. Our method is composed o
This page provides a realistic and comprehensive photo gallery that presents the anatomical structures found on cerebral CT. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) uses an injection of contrast material into your blood vessels and CT scanning to help diagnose and evaluate blood vessel disease or related conditions, such as aneurysms or blockages. There are a few disadvantages compared to catheter angiography. (2006) American Journal of Neuroradiology. You can refuse them by changing the settings, however this could impact on the proper functioning of the site. ADVERTISEMENT: Supporters see fewer/no ads, Please Note: You can also scroll through stacks with your mouse wheel or the keyboard arrow keys. CT angiography of the cerebral arteries (also known as a CTA carotids or an arch to vertex angiogram) is a noninvasive technique allows visualization of the internal and external carotid arteries and vertebral arteries and can include just the intracranial compartment or also extend down to the arch ...
The embryologic development of cerebral circulation is a natures miracle. At approximately 30-days of gestation, the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) arise from dorsal aortic arches and anastomose with longitudinal neural arteries to form a primitive vertebrobasilar system at four major sites [1] named according to their neighbouring structures as trigeminal, otic, hypoglossal and proatlantal intersegmental arteries. Failure of regression of these vessels lead to persistent primitive carotid-vertebrobasilar anastamoses of which most cephalic and most common is PTA [1]. Its reported prevalence is 0.1%-0.6% [2] of cerebral angiograms. Internal carotid artery gives origin to PTA which then anastomoses with the midbasilar artery. Basilar artery is usually hypoplastic caudal to this anastomosis [2 ...
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نام کتاب: Cerebral Angiography - Normal Anatomy And Vascular Pathology نویسنده: Gianni Boris Bradac ویرایش: 2 سال انتشار: 2014 فرمت: PDF تعداد صفحه: 376 انتشارات: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
When imaging patients for intracranial aneurysm, the goals are: (1) to assess the contour of the intracranial arteries, particularly in he regions of the ACOM (anterior communicating artery), PCOM (posterior communicating artery), ICA (internal carotid artery) bifurcation, MCA (middle cerebral artery) trifurcation, basilar tip, and PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar artery); (2) to assess the anatomy of the Circle of Willis and direction of flow, and; (3) to determine if there is evidence of a recent subarachnoid bleed
The authers report a case of giant anterior communicating artery aneurysm which was ruptured into lateral ventricle during carotid angiography. ...
Uzziniet vairāk par 3D-RA 3D Rotational Angiography imaging technology. Skatiet specifikācijas, lejupielādējiet atbalsta dokumentus un atklāt saistītus produktus.
An area of your body, usually the groin, is cleaned and numbed with a local numbing medicine (anesthetic). A thin, hollow tube called a catheter is placed through an artery. The catheter is carefully moved up through the main blood vessels in the belly area and chest into an artery in the neck. X-rays help the doctor guide the catheter to the correct position. Once the catheter is in place, the dye is sent through the catheter. X-ray images are taken to see how the dye moves through the artery and blood vessels of the brain. The dye helps highlight any blockages in blood flow.. Sometimes, a computer removes the bones and tissues on the images being viewed, so that only the blood vessels filled with the dye are seen. This is called digital subtraction angiography (DSA).. After the x-rays are taken, the catheter is withdrawn. Pressure is applied on the leg at the site of insertion for 10 to 15 minutes to stop the bleeding or a device is used to close the tiny hole. A tight bandage is then applied. ...
Souto, Rafael Mansur, Santos, Alair Augusto Sarmet Moreira Damas dos and Nacif, Marcelo Souto Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery Associated with Brain Stem Ischemia in an Elderly Patient. Int. J. Cardiovasc. Sci., Oct 2018, vol.31, no.5, p.548-550. ISSN 2359- ...
CT Angiography for Chest With Contrast (CECT Angiography for Chest ). Please check CT Angiography Chest With Contrast price in Delhi-NCR and other details here. Test Type : Radiology Preparation : 4-6 Hours fasting along with Urea and Creatinine reports Reporting : Within 24 Hours* Test Price: Please choose Location and other options on this page to view the CT Angiography Chest With Contrast cost in Delhi NCR, India.
Objective: There is no special catheter used for carotid angiography in the market. We studied the efficacy feasibility and safety of Femoral S carotid catheter (made by ..
Are you a cardiac surgeon? See rare heart tumors by exploring Figure 1s cardiac surgery category. Interested in the brain? Review cerebral angiograms shared by neurologists in real time. New cases are shared by physicians, nursing professionals, and allied healthcare professionals on Figure 1 every day.
Superselectivity represents the most recent evolution of neuroangiogra-phy. Its objective is the visualization of the fine arterioles following low pressure injection of a small amount of contrast...
Conventional cerebral angiography has long been considered the gold standard as a confirmatory test in assessing intracranial blood flow in brain death determin
Eating has become quite a pastime for many people around the world. While eating lots of fatty foods can be fun, it can also lead to a myriad of different health problems. Over time, the fat can start to build up in the arteries, in turn causing high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and a significant risk for a heart attack or a stroke.
Eating has become quite a pastime for many people around the world. While eating lots of fatty foods can be fun, it can also lead to a myriad of different health problems. Over time, the fat can start to build up in the arteries, in turn causing high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and a significant risk for a heart attack or a stroke.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography through the ear artery for experimental aneurysm imaging. AU - Ding, Y. H.. AU - Dai, D.. AU - Danielson, M. A.. AU - Kadirvel, R.. AU - Lewis, D. A.. AU - Cloft, H. J.. AU - Kallmes, David F.. PY - 2006/9/1. Y1 - 2006/9/1. N2 - Digital subtraction angiography through the central artery of the ear was performed to show elastase-induced aneurysms in 34 rabbits. Twenty-eight (82%) aneurysms in which common origins of the bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) were found were well shown. All 6 other aneurysms not well shown had separate origins of the CCAs from the aortic arch (P , .001). This method can be used for angiographic follow-up when there is a common origin of the CCAs.. AB - Digital subtraction angiography through the central artery of the ear was performed to show elastase-induced aneurysms in 34 rabbits. Twenty-eight (82%) aneurysms in which common origins of the bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) were found were well ...
Y-configured double stent technique is useful for coil embolization of a bifurcation wide neck aneurysm while preserving the patency of the two important vessels. However, if the important vessels emanating directly from the aneurysm comprised four vessels, two vessels not deployed, Y-stents might not be preserved with the Y-stent technique by itself. We report a case treated with Y-configured double stent-assisted coil embolization with a double microcatheter technique for complex basilar bifurcation aneurysm. A 78-year-old woman presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) of poor grade. CT-angiography showed a wide neck and shallow aneurysm of complex basilar bifurcation involving both posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs) and superior cerebellar arteries (SCAs). In the chronic stage of SAH, Y-configured double stent-assisted coil embolization with a double microcatheter technique was performed. After Y-stent (two Enterprise) deployment from both the PCAs to the basilar artery, coil ...
Incapacitating vertebrobasilar insufficiency is generally associated with bilateral vertebral artery disease, whereas unilateral vertebral artery stenosis usually is clinically silent. Regional brain perfusion has not been part of the routine evaluation of patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency. This report describes two patients who had isolated unilateral vertebral artery stenosis operatively corrected to eliminate their incapacitating vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Hindbrain hypoperfusion was identified preoperatively and evaluated postoperatively, then correlated with patient presentation and response to revascularization.. Two patients with incapacitating vertebrobasilar insufficiency presented with isolated unilateral vertebral artery stenosis with patent, nonstenotic internal carotid arteries. Hindbrain hypoperfusion was demonstrated by iodine-123-iodoamphetamine single-photon emission computed tomography preoperatively and demonstrated significant improvement following ...
Objective: We conducted this study to demonstrate the value of non-invasive three-dimensional CT angiography (3D CTA) in the detection of a cerebral aneurysm. Material and Methods: A helical CT acquisition was obtained using non-ionic contrast media in 50 patients with 1 mm per second table speed, 1 mm collimation, and pitch 1:1. Axial source images were transferred into a workstation console (Advantage windows GE) and CTA was obtained using MIP (Maximum Intensity Projection) reconstruction. Fourteen patients underwent conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) after 3D CTA prior to surgery. Results: A total of 39 aneurysms were detected in 50 patients. All patients with an aneurysm were operated and the presence of aneurysms was confirmed. 3D CTA detected 38 of these 39 aneurysms. In 37 aneurysms, the origin of the aneurysm and aneurysm neck was adequately visualized. 3D CTA was found to be 100% specific and 97.2% sensitive in picking up cerebral aneurysms. 3D CTA was 97% specific in ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - MRI of basilar artery hypoplasia associated with persistent primitive trigeminal artery. AU - Boyko, Orest. AU - Curnes, J. T.. AU - Blatter, D. D.. AU - Parker, D. L.. PY - 1996/1. Y1 - 1996/1. N2 - We report three patients with persistent trigeminal arteries, in all of whom the proximal basilar artery was hypoplastic. We draw attention to this common observation, which should not be mistaken for acquired narrowing.. AB - We report three patients with persistent trigeminal arteries, in all of whom the proximal basilar artery was hypoplastic. We draw attention to this common observation, which should not be mistaken for acquired narrowing.. KW - Basilar artery. KW - Congenital variants. KW - Trigeminal artery. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0030061136&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0030061136&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1007/s002340050184. DO - 10.1007/s002340050184. M3 - Article. C2 - 8773267. AN - SCOPUS:0030061136. VL - ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Arterial stenosis after coil migration in embolization of an aneurysm. AU - Meguro, Toshinari. AU - Sasaki, Tatsuya. AU - Haruma, Jun. AU - Tanabe, Tomoyuki. AU - Muraoka, Kenichiro. AU - Terada, Kinya. AU - Hirotsune, Nobuyuki. AU - Nishino, Shigeki. PY - 2010/1/1. Y1 - 2010/1/1. N2 - A case of arterial stenosis after coil migration in intracranial aneurysm embolization is presented. A 51-year-old woman suffered sudden onset of headache and unconsciousness. Computed tomography demonstrated diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral angiography disclosed a right internal carotid artery (ICA) bifurcation aneurysm and a right ICA-anterior choroidal artery aneurysm. The aneurysms were treated by endovascular embolization with Guglielmi detachable coils. During the embolization procedure of the ICA bifurcation aneurysm, a coil strand detached in the sac had migrated into the ICA. We did not retrieve the migrated coil, because the free coil strand was stable in the ICA and did not ...
Carotid cavernous fistulas are abnormal communications between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus, either directly or via intradural branches of the internal or external carotid arteries.1 Direct fistulas are high flow, frequently follow trauma, and tend to have a dramatic clinical presentation. In contrast, indirect fistulas are low flow, often spontaneous, and may have a subtle clinical presentation. Symptoms and signs common to both types of fistulas include proptosis, chemosis, diplopia, visual loss, pulse-synchronous tinnitus, orbital bruit, elevated intraocular pressure, dilated episcleral veins, and retinal venous congestion. The pattern of venous drainage, either anterior into the ophthalmic veins or posterior into the petrosal sinuses, often dictates the clinical findings and radiographic appearance. Anterior drainage typically leads to the most dramatic ocular findings and enlargement of the superior orbital vein, the latter often detectable with CT or MRI. However, superior ...
Clinical record. A 33-year-old man presented to an emergency department with acute dysphasia and a dense right hemiparesis. His National Institute Health Stroke Scale score was 12, indicating a moderate severity stroke (score range 0-42, with increasing values indicating increasing severity). His computed tomography (CT) brain scan was normal. A CT angiogram showed a filling defect in the left intracranial internal carotid artery. Intravenous thrombolysis was commenced 2.5 hours after stroke onset and completed during urgent transit to our hospital for endovascular thrombectomy. Combined stent retrieval and suction thrombectomy of the left internal carotid occlusion restored flow 4.5 hours after stroke onset. A small dissection in the left intracranial internal carotid artery was the source of the thrombotic occlusion (Figure). A magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain showed small scattered infarctions in the left middle cerebral arterial territory.. The patient was later found to have a ...
TY - GEN. T1 - VIDEO REQUIREMENTS FOR DIGITAL SUBTRACTION ANGIOGRAPHY.. AU - Hines, Horace H.. AU - Seibert, J Anthony. AU - Borger, David J.. PY - 1984. Y1 - 1984. N2 - The television camera comprises an important link in the imaging chain of digital subtraction angiography equipment. Various factors including spatial resolution, signal to noise ratio (SNR), progressive and interlaced read out, exposure utilization and camera lag are investigated. Requirements for the video camera for optimized DSA studies include sufficient bandpass to satisfy digitization matrix sizes, an 800:1 camera SNR, progressive read out of the camera target, and bias light to minimize build-up lag response.. AB - The television camera comprises an important link in the imaging chain of digital subtraction angiography equipment. Various factors including spatial resolution, signal to noise ratio (SNR), progressive and interlaced read out, exposure utilization and camera lag are investigated. Requirements for the video ...
A powerful type of artificial intelligence known as deep learning can help physicians detect potentially life-threatening cerebral aneurysms on CT angiography, according to a study published in the journal Radiology.. Cerebral aneurysms are weakened areas of blood vessels in the brain. Left untreated, they can leak or rupture, with sometimes fatal results. Detection and characterization of these aneurysms are critical, as the risk of rupture depends on the size, shape and location of the aneurysm.. CT angiography is usually the first choice for evaluating cerebral aneurysms. The exam is highly accurate, but cerebral aneurysms can be overlooked on the initial assessment due to their small size and the complexity of the blood vessels in the brain.. In our daily work we are always faced with cases in which some important lesions have been missed by the human eye, said study senior author Xi Long, Ph.D., from the Department of Radiology at Tongji Medical Colleges Union Hospital in Wuhan, China. ...
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Moyamoya syndrome is a rare condition in which blood vessels at the base of the skull progressively narrow, limiting the flow of oxygenated blood to the brain. Surgical treatment options for Moyamoya syndrome include direct revascularization procedures such as an EC-IC bypass as well as indirect revascularization procedures like encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) and pial synangiosis. Here at Columbia University Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, our neurosurgeons have particular expertise using these and other surgeries to treat patients with Moyamoya syndrome.. Moyamoya means puff of smoke in Japanese, and the condition is so named because the body grows a secondary network of small vessels in an effort to compensate for the restricted blood flow. On an arteriogram, the network of new vessels resembles a cloud-or puff of smoke. Moyamoya is more common in Japan than in the U.S., but it is unusual everywhere.. The blood vessel network that gives Moyamoya its name may lead to ...
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TY - JOUR. T1 - Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography of the canine brain at 3.0 Tesla and 7.0 Tesla. AU - Martin-Vaquero, Paula. AU - Da Costa, Ronaldo C.. AU - Echandi, Rita L.. AU - Tosti, Christina L.. AU - Knopp, Michael V.. AU - Sammet, Steffen. PY - 2011/3/1. Y1 - 2011/3/1. N2 - Objective - To evaluate the ability of 2-D time-of-flight (ToF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to depict intracranial vasculature and compare results obtained with 3.0- and 7.0-T scanners in dogs. Animals - 5 healthy Beagles. Procedures - 2-D ToF-MRA of the intracranial vasculature was obtained for each dog by use of a 3.0-T and a 7.0-T scanner. Quantitative assessment of the images was obtained by documentation of the visibility of major arteries comprising the cerebral arterial circle and their branches and recording the number of vessels visualized in the dorsal third of the brain. Qualitative assessment was established by evaluation of overall image quality and image artifacts. Results - Use of ...
Characterized by headaches and seizures, an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the brain is a derivative of arteriovenous malformation, a disorder of the bodys circulatory system. An AVM of the brain, also known as a cerebral AVM, is a malformed group of blood vessels composed of an intricate tangle of arteries and veins. Though localized, cerebral AVMs can lead to severe neurological problems. Research in the field of arteriovenous malformation is growing particularly with noninvasive treatment options. What are cerebral AVMs? Cerebral AVMs may form during prenatal stages of a childs development, either during embryonic or fetal growth. Studies have found a certain number of cases form shortly after birth; however, the condition frequently presents in adults in their 20s or 30s. Cerebral AVMs are commonly misdiagnosed, with most cases found only incidentally through the performance of CT (computed tomography) scans on the brain. Patients complain of regular headaches and seizures before ...
Stent-assisted coil embolization is very effective for treating fusiform and wide-neck aneurysms. This technique enables improved packing density with a relative low risk of coils herniating into the parent artery, which may also be beneficial for small to medium aneurysms.35 In addition, a fully deployed stent may function as a scaffold for endothelial growth.7. The standard technique for follow-up imaging after (stent-assisted) coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms is DSA, which only provides a 2D projection of the vascular anatomy and implants. Diagnostic interpretation is therefore determined by the projection angle of the x-ray source and may not fully disclose adjacent vascular anatomy and potential clot formation, stent-wall apposition, stent herniation, recanalization, intimal tissue growth, or hyperplasia. In situ-acquired high-resolution contrast-enhanced CBCT (VasoCT) allows visualization of vascular implants and host arteries with 3D spatial information. However, the presence ...
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : 73 Moyamoya disease 2: A progressive cerebral angiopathy characterized by bilateral intracranial carotid artery stenosis and telangiectatic vessels in the region of the basal ganglia. The abnormal vessels resemble a puff of smoke (moyamoya) on cerebral angiogram. Affected individuals can develop transient ischemic attacks and/or cerebral infarction, and rupture of the collateral vessels can cause intracranial hemorrhage. Hemiplegia of sudden onset and epileptic seizures constitute the prevailing presentation in childhood, while subarachnoid bleeding occurs more frequently in adults ...
With Philips Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) automatic examination pre-sets support a smooth and efficient workflow in angiography examinations.
Under the influence of Professor Percival Bailey, the resident staff at the University of Illinois Research and Educational Hospitals in Chicago in the 1940s was induced to take up the then newly developing procedure of angiography of the vessels to and in the brain. Eventual facility with percutaneous carotid angiography led to accidental vertebral angiography, followed by percutaneous deliberate vertebral angiography as developed by the residents, among whom were Drs. Holden, Chester Powell, and myself. Retrograde brachial vertebral angiography followed. By these procedures, a large number of intracranial vascular and neoplastic lesions were discovered, our first one was a large pericallosal aneurysm operated on in 1946 by Dr. Milton Tinsley with me assisting. Ocular loupes were used for magnification. The lesion was not visualized in the postoperative angiogram which I carried out. After becoming a junior staff member of the staff under Dr. Eric Oldberg, I carried out angiograms and was ...
The digital subtraction angiography method useful for three dimensional (3D) imaging of a selected volume of a body comprises the following steps. Acquiring first and second 3D data sets representative of an image of substantially the same selected volume in the body, the first and second data sets being acquired at different times corresponding to a pre- and a post injection of a contrast medium, respectively. Determining common reference points for spatially corresponding subvolumes in the data sets. Comparing in a 3D spatial manner data in subvolumes of the second data set with data in corresponding subvolumes in the first data set in order to determine a new reference point in each of the subvolumes of the first data set which results in a best match of the spatial similarity of the data in the corresponding subvolumes of the second data set. Spatially interpolating new data for the subvolumes of said first data set using the new reference points determined above and the originally acquired
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Effect of Screening for Coronary Artery Disease Using CT Angiography on Mortality and Cardiac Events in High-Risk Patients With Diabetes: The FACTOR-64 Randomized Clinical Trial ...
Utility of CT angiography and MR angiography for the follow-up of experimental aneurysms treated with stents or Guglielmi detachable coils.: We recommend furthe
Moyamoya syndrome (sometimes referred as Moyamoya disease also) is predominantly a problem observed in kids. It is a rare medical complexity when the walls of carotid arteries
There is a direct connection between the left internal carotid and basilar arteries, at level of the cavernous sinus. This is below the level of the posterior communicating arteries. Note the small size of the basilar and vertebral arteries.
3D angiography video of the left internal carotid artery (major artery of the head and neck that supplies blood to the brain) following surgery to treat haematoma (internal bleeding). The patient suffers from arteriovenous malformation (AVM) which is an abnormal connection between veins and arteries and it is usually congenital. Angiography is an imaging technique in which a radio-opaque contrast medium is injected into blood vessels to allow them to be seen on an X-ray. - Stock Video Clip K002/9044
TY - GEN. T1 - Hemelb Acceleration and Visualization for Cerebral Aneurysms. AU - Soheilian Esfahani, Sahar. AU - Zhao, Xiaojun. AU - Chen, Minsi. AU - Amira, Abbes. AU - Bensaali, Faycal. AU - AbiNahed, Julien. AU - Dakua, Sarada. AU - Younes, Georges. AU - Richardson, Robin A.. AU - Coveney, Peter V.. N1 - Conference code: 26. PY - 2019/8/26. Y1 - 2019/8/26. N2 - A weakness in the wall of a cerebral artery causing a dilation or ballooning of the blood vessel is known as a cerebral aneurysm. Optimal treatment requires fast and accurate diagnosis of the aneurysm. HemeLB is a fluid dynamics solver for complex geometries developed to provide neurosurgeons with information related to the flow of blood in and around aneurysms. On a cost efficient platform, HemeLB could be employed in hospitals to provide surgeons with the simulation results in real-time. In this work, we developed an improved version of HemeLB for GPU implementation and result visualization. A visualization platform for smooth ...
CT Angiographic Characterization and Eveluation of Plaque by Age, Gender, Ethnicity, Race, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors (CORRELATE) Grant ...
Symptoms, treatment, risks, and surgery | Dr. Newell has 25+ years of experience helping with Moyamoya Disease. Moyamoya disease is a progressive disorder of the cerebral vessel.
I am a 30 year old female, just had a 4 vessel cerebral angiogram and was diagnosed with a 2mm aneurysm on the right side of the brain. I was told I would have to be followed every 2 years to make sur...
Temporary parent vessel occlusion performed to establish a high-flow interpositional bypass carries the risk of infarcts. The authors investigated the feasibility of a novel technique to establish a high-flow bypass without temporary parent vessel occlusion in order to lower the risk of ischemic complications. ...
CT Angiography - CT (computed tomography) Angiography (CTA) is an examination that uses x-rays to visualize blood flow in arterial and venous vessels.
During your test you will be cared for by a team of healthcare professionals which may include a Consultant, radiographers, nurses and ECG technicians. You will be asked to lie on an x-ray couch and made as comfortable as possible. The doctor who will be doing your test will explain everything to you so you know what to expect. Your heart rate and pulse will be monitored throughout the test by one of the nursing team. The x-ray equipment is capable of moving through 360 degrees in any plane and will take a series of complex x-ray images which will be manipulated and enhanced by the radiographer.. ...
Three weeks ago she had a cerebral angiogram done. That is a artery study of her brain. The purpose is to look at the brain and see if there is any other problems with the arteries and does she have good blood flow and also does she have the brain disease MoyaMoya which is what they think she has. The procedure was about and hour and half. She did great while she was under but in recovery she had to lay still for 4 hours to make sure the artery in her leg/groin area clotted and there was no bleeding. For a 2 year old to lay still is impossible, so she was heavily sedated and slept really well. She would try to roll and we (Dan or I) would put a hand on her leg to stop her. A week later Dan and I meet with her neuro-surgeon for the results. Her brain looks really good and the arteries look great and so does the blood flow. Of course there is a but to the story and that is there are some abnormalities on the brain. There are new tiny new arteries that are forming and the Doctor does not know why. ...
Rapid sequence CT imaging provides information about the vascular anatomy (CT angiography), locates major vessels encased by tumor, and eliminates the possibility of avascular lesions in the differential diagnosis of a head and neck tumor. Furthermore the use of density-time curves allows arterial and venous time. The patterns of density-time curves are characteristic for various lesions. For glomus complex tumors, regardless of the size and location, dynamic CT easily differentiates them from most of the simulating lesions. Angiography therefore is occasionally necessary for verification. Dynamic CT has a risk of complications the same as that of any intravenous injection of contrast material. Cerebral angiography via the femoral approach has been reported to have a risk of major complications of 0.28% and of minor complications of 6.25%.
The mechanisms by which intracranial aneurysms develop, enlarge, and rupture are unknown, and it remains difficult to collect the longitudinal patient-based information needed to improve our understanding. We submit, therefore, that mathematical models hold promise by allowing us to propose and test competing hypotheses on potential mechanisms of aneurysmal enlargement and to compare predicted outcomes with limited clinical information-in this way, we may begin to narrow the possible mechanisms and thereby focus experimental studies. In this paper, we present a constrained mixture model of evolving thin-walled, fusiform aneurysms and compare multiple competing hypotheses with regard to the production, removal, and alignment of the collagen that provides the structural integrity of the wall. The results show that this type of approach has the capability to infer potential means by which lesions enlarge and whether such changes are likely to produce a stable or unstable process. Such information ...
Endovascular therapy (group two) received a lower dose (0.09mg per kg bolus and 0.54mg/kilogram infusion over 40 minutes, maximum dose 53.6mg) or after Amendment #5, a standard dose of IV rt-PA (.9mg/kg with 10% as a bolus and the remainder over one hour) and then underwent an angiogram test (cerebral angiography) right after the medicine was given to check for blood clots. If a clot was not seen, then no more treatment was given. If a clot was seen, the neurointerventionalist chose (based on the location and extent of the blood clot) a protocol approved endovascular treatment given directly in the brain artery that would be most effective in reopening the blocked artery ...
Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the ... Cerebral angiography (cerebral angiogram) - diagnostic. In: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic ... Angiography with a catheter is used less often now. This is because MRA (magnetic resonance angiography) and CT angiography ... Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the ...
... AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000 May;174(5):1293 ...
Cerebral angiography may still have a role when clinical suspicion is high but MRI/MRA has failed to isolate the lesion. In ... Four-Vessel Cerebral Angiography. Prior to the development of noninvasive techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ... New generation MRI and MRA appear to be as sensitive as cerebral angiography for the detection of VAD, although they probably ... Provenzale JM, Sarikaya B. Comparison of test performance characteristics of MRI, MR angiography, and CT angiography in the ...
Doppler Flow Wires in Cerebral Angiography. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study ... Current treatments of cerebral aneurysms are imperfect, and aneurysmal hemodynamics is an important factor in treatment failure ...
Cerebral Angiography: Catheter Insertion. Angiography is used to obtain diagnostic information about the blood vessels that ... When the brain is being evaluated (called cerebral angiography), the catheter is threaded to the aorta, then to the large ... in the head for cerebral angiography), which are outlined by the contrast agent. ...
Radiation Dose Reduction in 4D Cerebral CT Angiography by Individualized Estimation of Cerebral Circulation Time. M.R. Radon, A ... Radiation Dose Reduction in 4D Cerebral CT Angiography by Individualized Estimation of Cerebral Circulation Time ... Radiation Dose Reduction in 4D Cerebral CT Angiography by Individualized Estimation of Cerebral Circulation Time ... Radiation Dose Reduction in 4D Cerebral CT Angiography by Individualized Estimation of Cerebral Circulation Time ...
Because cerebral angiography is a prerequisite for carotid endarterectomy, the risks of cerebral angiography will need to be ... which requires cerebral angiography). The absolute risk of post-angiographic stroke of patients for cerebral angiography using ... Complications of cerebral angiography for patients with mild carotid territory ischaemia being considered for carotid ... Complications of cerebral angiography for patients with mild carotid territory ischaemia being considered for carotid ...
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Malarial retinopathy and fluorescein angiography findings in a Malawian child with cerebral malaria. Share Share Share ... Malarial retinopathy and fluorescein angiography findings in a Malawian child with cerebral malaria. ...
Imaging technique that uses a dye or contrast to view the vessels of the neck and head.. ...
Background: The risk of infection with cerebral angiography and neurointerventional procedures has not been defined. Likewise, ... Methods: All cerebral angiograms and neurointerventional procedures done by a single neurointerventionalist over a recent 7- ... Results: Among a total of 2918 cerebral angiograms and neurointerventional procedures done without prophylactic antibiotics, ...
... cerebral angiography nursing responsibilities, cerebral angiography ppt, cerebral angiography procedure, cerebral angiography ... what is ct angiography of brain. What is cerebral angiography and how is it done? Cerebral angiography (cerebral angiography) ... cerebral angiography contraindications, cerebral angiography definition, cerebral angiography kidney function, ... Cerebral Angiography Procedure November 6, 2022. November 6, 2022. admin 0 Comments brain angioplasty side effects, ...
A cerebral arteriogram is a catheter-based exam of the blood vessels in the brain, head, and neck. ... Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography Show Video Transcript. What is a diagnostic cerebral angiogram?. A diagnostic cerebral ... How is the cerebral arteriogram done?. A cerebral arteriogram may be done on an outpatient basis or as part of your stay in a ... A cerebral arteriogram is used to look for changes in the blood vessels within or leading to the brain. Such as:. *Ballooning ...
Khanjanasthiti P, Sujatanond W. Trans-femoral cerebral angiography with reference to its advantages. Journal of the Medical ...
Imaging the inside of blood arteries with X-rays is called angiography. The risk of stroke increases when blood arteries become ... essential to know the problem and how much damage has been done to the blood artery segments being inspected by an angiography ...
When cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage begins and ends? Definition of vasospasm using angiography. ... Dive into the research topics of When cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage begins and ends? Definition of ...
Cerebral angiography may still have a role when clinical suspicion is high but MRI/MRA has failed to isolate the lesion. In ... Four-Vessel Cerebral Angiography. Prior to the development of noninvasive techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ... New generation MRI and MRA appear to be as sensitive as cerebral angiography for the detection of VAD, although they probably ... Provenzale JM, Sarikaya B. Comparison of test performance characteristics of MRI, MR angiography, and CT angiography in the ...
3D vascular imaging and diagnostic cerebral and spinal angiographies.. Diagnostic Cerebral & Spinal Angiography. We perform ... Following your diagnostic cerebral/spinal angiography:. You will remain in the recovery area for two to six hours. During that ... From there, a staff member will direct you to the neurointerventional angiography suite. You may need to allow more time if you ... All neurointerventional surgical procedures and diagnostic cerebral angiograms are performed on the Hyde Park campus in Chicago ...
Complications of diagnostic cerebral angiography: Evaluation of 19,826 consecutive patients. Radiology 2007;243:812-819 .. ... Diagnosis of Cerebral Aneurysm Via Magnetic Resonance Angiography Screening: Emphasis on Legal Responsibility Increases False ... Detection and characterization of very small cerebral aneurysms by using 2d and 3d helical ct angiography. AJNR Am J ... Computed tomographic angiography for detecting cerebral aneurysms: Implications of aneurysm size distribution for the ...
Angiography. Cerebral Angiography. Tomography, X-Ray Computed. Additional relevant MeSH terms:. Layout table for MeSH terms. ... Cerebral Hemorrhage. Hemorrhage. Cerebrovascular Disorders. Brain Diseases. Central Nervous System Diseases. Nervous System ... patients who have contrast extravasation on computed tomography angiography, the spot sign, have lower rates of haematoma ... cerebral venous thrombosis, thrombolytic therapy, tumor, or infection ...
Cerebral Angiography brochures (pack of 100). $200.00. Add to cart. *Home. *Membership *Member Benefits ...
... operating theatres and can also be used in combination with free available image post processing to depict cerebral vessels. In ... From: Combined frameless stereotactical biopsy and intraoperative cerebral angiography by 3D-rotational fluoroscopy with ...
Cerebral angiography. Dural arteriovenous fístula. Embolization. Tentorium cerebelli. Abstract in English. Background: In ...
One is a cerebral angiography. This is a test that takes images of the blood flowing through the arteries in the neck and brain ...
Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography (CPT ) Intracranial AVM Surgery Intracranial AVM Surgery (CPT ...
Computed tomographic angiography examination and subsequent cerebral angiography were performed in 71-year-old man who ... Cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen requirements for cerebral function and viability in humans. J Cereb ... Cerebral arteries and veins. Rubin GD, Rofsky NM, eds. CT and MR Angiography: Comprehensive Vascular Assessment. Philadelphia, ... Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage: which patients need diagnostic cerebral angiography? A prospective study of 206 cases and ...
Selective cerebral angiography with preoperative tumor embolization. *Computed tomography (CT). Treatment for Brain & Spine ...
... or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were evaluated. Morphological parameters examined included aneurysm wall irregularity ... at the Brigham and Womens Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital between 1990 and 2016 who had available CT angiography ( ... Wang, G. X. et al. Risk factors for the rupture of middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms using CT angiography. PLoS ONE ... Of those, 563 had CT angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) performed. 409 patients with 432 posterior ...
Their diagnosis was confirmed by cerebral angiography (7). Newton et al reported 2 cases of fistula after delivery but no ... A transarterial cerebral angiogram was performed via femoral artery, which showed evidence of left carotico-cavernous from the ... These factors may have weakened her cerebral vessels, which along with the stress of labor could have possibly resulted in ... cerebral angiographic findings or detailed records of these patients exist. (6) In the reported incidents, less emphasis has ...

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