Cerebral angiography. Medical search

Radiography of the vascular system of the brain after injection of a contrast medium.

Radiography of blood vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.

A method of delineating blood vessels by subtracting a tissue background image from an image of tissue plus intravascular contrast material that attenuates the X-ray photons. The background image is determined from a digitized image taken a few moments before injection of the contrast material. The resulting angiogram is a high-contrast image of the vessel. This subtraction technique allows extraction of a high-intensity signal from the superimposed background information. The image is thus the result of the differential absorption of X-rays by different tissues.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.

Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)

The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).

Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status.

Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES; SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and vascular steal effect.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

Veins draining the cerebrum.

Large endothelium-lined venous channels situated between the two layers of DURA MATER, the endosteal and the meningeal layers. They are devoid of valves and are parts of the venous system of dura mater. Major cranial sinuses include a postero-superior group (such as superior sagittal, inferior sagittal, straight, transverse, and occipital) and an antero-inferior group (such as cavernous, petrosal, and basilar plexus).

The first branch of the SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY with distribution to muscles of the NECK; VERTEBRAE; SPINAL CORD; CEREBELLUM; and interior of the CEREBRUM.

A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease primarily affects children but can also occur in adults.

Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the anterior part of the brain, the eye and its appendages, the forehead and nose.

Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the BASILAR ARTERY. Branches of the posterior cerebral artery supply portions of the OCCIPITAL LOBE; PARIETAL LOBE; inferior temporal gyrus, brainstem, and CHOROID PLEXUS.

Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)

A polygonal anastomosis at the base of the brain formed by the internal carotid (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL), proximal parts of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries (ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), the anterior communicating artery and the posterior communicating arteries.

Congenital, inherited, or acquired abnormalities involving ARTERIES; VEINS; or venous sinuses in the BRAIN; SPINAL CORD; and MENINGES.

A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.

The largest of the cerebral arteries. It trifurcates into temporal, frontal, and parietal branches supplying blood to most of the parenchyma of these lobes in the CEREBRAL CORTEX. These are the areas involved in motor, sensory, and speech activities.

The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

Visualization of a vascular system after intravenous injection of a fluorescein solution. The images may be photographed or televised. It is used especially in studying the retinal and uveal vasculature.

Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in arterial or venous structures.

Microsurgical revascularization to improve intracranial circulation. It usually involves joining the extracranial circulation to the intracranial circulation but may include extracranial revascularization (e.g., subclavian-vertebral artery bypass, subclavian-external carotid artery bypass). It is performed by joining two arteries (direct anastomosis or use of graft) or by free autologous transplantation of highly vascularized tissue to the surface of the brain.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN).

The artery formed by the union of the right and left vertebral arteries; it runs from the lower to the upper border of the pons, where it bifurcates into the two posterior cerebral arteries.

A method of hemostasis utilizing various agents such as Gelfoam, silastic, metal, glass, or plastic pellets, autologous clot, fat, and muscle as emboli. It has been used in the treatment of spinal cord and INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS, renal arteriovenous fistulas, gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, hypersplenism, certain highly vascular tumors, traumatic rupture of blood vessels, and control of operative hemorrhage.

Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.

Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are due to abnormalities or pathological processes in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; and POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY.

Artery formed by the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery (CAROTID ARTERY, INTERNAL). Branches of the anterior cerebral artery supply the CAUDATE NUCLEUS; INTERNAL CAPSULE; PUTAMEN; SEPTAL NUCLEI; GYRUS CINGULI; and surfaces of the FRONTAL LOBE and PARIETAL LOBE.

A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that originate in the prenatal period, perinatal period, or first few years of life. The four major subtypes are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy, with spastic forms being the most common. The motor disorder may range from difficulties with fine motor control to severe spasticity (see MUSCLE SPASTICITY) in all limbs. Spastic diplegia (Little disease) is the most common subtype, and is characterized by spasticity that is more prominent in the legs than in the arms. Pathologically, this condition may be associated with LEUKOMALACIA, PERIVENTRICULAR. (From Dev Med Child Neurol 1998 Aug;40(8):520-7)

Inflammation of blood vessels within the central nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by autoimmune or idiopathic factors, while secondary vasculitis is caused by existing disease process. Clinical manifestations are highly variable but include HEADACHE; SEIZURES; behavioral alterations; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; and BRAIN INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp856-61)

Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.

Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)

Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supplies the BRAIN STEM; CEREBELLUM; OCCIPITAL LOBE; medial TEMPORAL LOBE; and THALAMUS. Characteristic clinical features include SYNCOPE; lightheadedness; visual disturbances; and VERTIGO. BRAIN STEM INFARCTIONS or other BRAIN INFARCTION may be associated.

Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined venous channels situated within the SKULL. Intracranial sinuses, also called cranial venous sinuses, include the superior sagittal, cavernous, lateral, petrous sinuses, and many others. Cranial sinus thrombosis can lead to severe HEADACHE; SEIZURE; and other neurological defects.

Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.

Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX) damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)

Any operation on the cranium or incision into the cranium. (Dorland, 28th ed)

An abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.

A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)

Surgical excision, performed under general anesthesia, of the atheromatous tunica intima of an artery. When reconstruction of an artery is performed as an endovascular procedure through a catheter, it is called ATHERECTOMY.

Maintenance of blood flow to an organ despite obstruction of a principal vessel. Blood flow is maintained through small vessels.

Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the CAPILLARIES. They usually are crooked, dilated, and with thick vessel walls. A common type is the congenital arteriovenous fistula. The lack of blood flow and oxygen in the capillaries can lead to tissue damage in the affected areas.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.

Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other undissolved material in the blood stream. Most emboli are of cardiac origin and are associated with HEART DISEASES. Other non-cardiac sources of emboli are usually associated with VASCULAR DISEASES.

Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervous system.

Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.

Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.

The compartment containing the inferior part and anterior extremities of the frontal lobes (FRONTAL LOBE) of the cerebral hemispheres. It is formed mainly by orbital parts of the FRONTAL BONE and the lesser wings of the SPHENOID BONE.

NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.

The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a venous structure, and the CAROTID ARTERIES. It is often associated with HEAD TRAUMA, specifically basilar skull fractures (SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR). Clinical signs often include VISION DISORDERS and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

An irregularly shaped venous space in the dura mater at either side of the sphenoid bone.

Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the vessel wall can lead to occlusion of the vertebral artery, aneurysm formation, or THROMBOEMBOLISM. Vertebral artery dissection is often associated with TRAUMA and injuries to the head-neck region but can occur spontaneously.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM (and rarely other Plasmodium species). Initial clinical manifestations include HEADACHES; SEIZURES; and alterations of mentation followed by a rapid progression to COMA. Pathologic features include cerebral capillaries filled with parasitized erythrocytes and multiple small foci of cortical and subcortical necrosis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p136)

Hand-held tools or implements used by health professionals for the performance of surgical tasks.

Arteries arising from the external carotid or the maxillary artery and distributing to the temporal region.

Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE.

A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION.

INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlusion of the VERTEBRAL ARTERY and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Clinical manifestations vary with the size of infarction, but may include loss of pain and temperature sensation in the ipsilateral face and contralateral body below the chin; ipsilateral HORNER SYNDROME; ipsilateral ATAXIA; DYSARTHRIA; VERTIGO; nausea, hiccup; dysphagia; and VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p801)

The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

The measurement of visualization by radiation of any organ after a radionuclide has been injected into its blood supply. It is used to diagnose heart, liver, lung, and other diseases and to measure the function of those organs, except renography, for which RADIOISOTOPE RENOGRAPHY is available.

Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often leads to the formation of HEMATOMA in the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces.

Aneurysm due to growth of microorganisms in the arterial wall, or infection arising within preexisting arteriosclerotic aneurysms.

A collection of blood outside the BLOOD VESSELS. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A spontaneous diminution or abatement of a disease over time, without formal treatment.

Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.

Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force.

A non-invasive technique using ultrasound for the measurement of cerebrovascular hemodynamics, particularly cerebral blood flow velocity and cerebral collateral flow. With a high-intensity, low-frequency pulse probe, the intracranial arteries may be studied transtemporally, transorbitally, or from below the foramen magnum.

Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlusion of the vessel, leading to TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; or AMAUROSIS FUGAX.

The outermost of the three MENINGES, a fibrous membrane of connective tissue that covers the brain and the spinal cord.

The direct continuation of the brachial trunk, originating at the bifurcation of the brachial artery opposite the neck of the radius. Its branches may be divided into three groups corresponding to the three regions in which the vessel is situated, the forearm, wrist, and hand.

The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.

The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.

The excision of the thickened, atheromatous tunica intima of a carotid artery.

Aneurysm caused by a tear in the TUNICA INTIMA of a blood vessel leading to interstitial HEMORRHAGE, and splitting (dissecting) of the vessel wall, often involving the AORTA. Dissection between the intima and media causes luminal occlusion. Dissection at the media, or between the media and the outer adventitia causes aneurismal dilation.

Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.

Computed tomography where there is continuous X-ray exposure to the patient while being transported in a spiral or helical pattern through the beam of irradiation. This provides improved three-dimensional contrast and spatial resolution compared to conventional computed tomography, where data is obtained and computed from individual sequential exposures.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Types of spiral computed tomography technology in which multiple slices of data are acquired simultaneously improving the resolution over single slice acquisition technology.

Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.

Computer systems or networks designed to provide radiographic interpretive information.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.

A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.

The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).

Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES. Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed., 2005)

Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Improvement in the quality of an x-ray image by use of an intensifying screen, tube, or filter and by optimum exposure techniques. Digital processing methods are often employed.

Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.

The use of ultrasound to guide minimally invasive surgical procedures such as needle ASPIRATION BIOPSY; DRAINAGE; etc. Its widest application is intravascular ultrasound imaging but it is useful also in urology and intra-abdominal conditions.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.

Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial thrombosis can lead to thrombotic occlusions and BRAIN INFARCTION. The majority of the thrombotic occlusions are associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level.

Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions.

Dilation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

The concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, seen by means of the ophthalmoscope. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Delivery of drugs into an artery.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect combined with real-time imaging. The real-time image is created by rapid movement of the ultrasound beam. A powerful advantage of this technique is the ability to estimate the velocity of flow from the Doppler shift frequency.

The amount of radiation energy that is deposited in a unit mass of material, such as tissues of plants or animal. In RADIOTHERAPY, radiation dosage is expressed in gray units (Gy). In RADIOLOGIC HEALTH, the dosage is expressed by the product of absorbed dose (Gy) and quality factor (a function of linear energy transfer), and is called radiation dose equivalent in sievert units (Sv).

Radiographic visualization of the aorta and its branches by injection of contrast media, using percutaneous puncture or catheterization procedures.

Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are invasive or surgical in nature, and require the expertise of a specially trained radiologist. In general, they are more invasive than diagnostic imaging but less invasive than major surgery. They often involve catheterization, fluoroscopy, or computed tomography. Some examples include percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, percutaneous transthoracic biopsy, balloon angioplasty, and arterial embolization.

Triiodo-substituted derivatives of BENZOIC ACID.

The degree to which BLOOD VESSELS are not blocked or obstructed.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION.

Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes.

Derived from TELENCEPHALON, cerebrum is composed of a right and a left hemisphere. Each contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia. The cerebrum includes all parts within the skull except the MEDULLA OBLONGATA, the PONS, and the CEREBELLUM. Cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities.

Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

The escape of diagnostic or therapeutic material from the vessel into which it is introduced into the surrounding tissue or body cavity.

Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.

Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM). It indicates a thin and weakened area in the wall which may later rupture. Aneurysms are classified by location, etiology, or other characteristics.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Any visible result of a procedure which is caused by the procedure itself and not by the entity being analyzed. Common examples include histological structures introduced by tissue processing, radiographic images of structures that are not naturally present in living tissue, and products of chemical reactions that occur during analysis.

Restoration of blood supply to tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. It is primarily a procedure for treating infarction or other ischemia, by enabling viable ischemic tissue to recover, thus limiting further necrosis. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing REPERFUSION INJURY.

The innermost layer of the three meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. It is the fine vascular membrane that lies under the ARACHNOID and the DURA MATER.

Motion pictures of the passage of contrast medium through blood vessels.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease.

The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood is flowing into the MYOCARDIUM by following over time the distribution of tracers injected into the blood stream.

Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image. This type of ultrasonography is well-suited to identifying the location of high-velocity flow (such as in a stenosis) or of mapping the extent of flow in a certain region.

A reduction in brain oxygen supply due to ANOXEMIA (a reduced amount of oxygen being carried in the blood by HEMOGLOBIN), or to a restriction of the blood supply to the brain, or both. Severe hypoxia is referred to as anoxia, and is a relatively common cause of injury to the central nervous system. Prolonged brain anoxia may lead to BRAIN DEATH or a PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE. Histologically, this condition is characterized by neuronal loss which is most prominent in the HIPPOCAMPUS; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; CEREBELLUM; and inferior olives.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

Radiography of the heart and great vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters.

Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.

The ratio of maximum blood flow to the MYOCARDIUM with CORONARY STENOSIS present, to the maximum equivalent blood flow without stenosis. The measurement is commonly used to verify borderline stenosis of CORONARY ARTERIES.

The restoration of blood supply to the myocardium. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the exterior of the head, the face, and the greater part of the neck.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

The arterial trunk that arises from the abdominal aorta and after a short course divides into the left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries.

Timing the acquisition of imaging data to specific points in the cardiac cycle to minimize image blurring and other motion artifacts.

Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries; ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING; and others.

Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.

Use of a balloon catheter for dilation of an occluded artery. It is used in treatment of arterial occlusive diseases, including renal artery stenosis and arterial occlusions in the leg. For the specific technique of BALLOON DILATION in coronary arteries, ANGIOPLASTY, BALLOON, CORONARY is available.

Gadolinium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.

Not an aneurysm but a well-defined collection of blood and CONNECTIVE TISSUE outside the wall of a blood vessel or the heart. It is the containment of a ruptured blood vessel or heart, such as sealing a rupture of the left ventricle. False aneurysm is formed by organized THROMBUS and HEMATOMA in surrounding tissue.

Use of infusions of FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS to destroy or dissolve thrombi in blood vessels or bypass grafts.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood flow reaches by following the distribution of tracers injected into the blood stream.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

Combination or superimposition of two images for demonstrating differences between them (e.g., radiograph with contrast vs. one without, radionuclide images using different radionuclides, radiograph vs. radionuclide image) and in the preparation of audiovisual materials (e.g., offsetting identical images, coloring of vessels in angiograms).

Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.

Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Obstruction of flow in biological or prosthetic vascular grafts.

One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)

The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.

Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms are due to CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases, such as KAWASAKI DISEASE.

A gamma-emitting RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING agent used in the evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow and in non-invasive dynamic biodistribution studies and MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING. It has also been used to label leukocytes in the investigation of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES.

Organic compounds that contain technetium as an integral part of the molecule. These compounds are often used as radionuclide imaging agents.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

The main artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery.

Radiographic visualization or recording of a vein after the injection of contrast medium.

Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR).

Intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Observations after experience with computerised tomography. (1/3177)

Thirty-six patients with angiographically confirmed intracranial arteriovenous malformations have had computerised tomographic scans performed as part of their investigation. This study demonstrates the incidence of haematoma formation after haemorrhage, the frequency of calcification not visible on plain radiographs, and describes the possible causes for a complicating hydrocephalus. Further information has been gained from the intravenous injection of sodium iothalamate (Conray 420), with comparison of the scans taken before and after the injection. (+info)

Computerised axial tomography in patients with severe migraine: a preliminary report. (2/3177)

Patients suffering from severe migraine, usually for many years, have been examined by the EMI scanner between attacks. Judged by criteria validated originally by comparison with pneumoencephalography, about half of the patients showed evidence of cerebral atrophy. Perhaps of more significance than generalised atrophy was the frequency of areas of focal atrophy and of evidence of infarction. (+info)

Two similar cases of encephalopathy, possibly a reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: serial findings of magnetic resonance imaging, SPECT and angiography. (3/3177)

Two young women who had encephalopathy that resembled reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome are presented. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of these patients exhibited similar T2-high signal lesions, mostly in the white matter of the posterior hemispheres. Xe-SPECT during the patients' symptomatic period showed hypoperfusion in the corresponding areas, and angiography demonstrated irregular narrowing of the posterior cerebral artery. Clinical manifestations subsided soon after treatment, and the abnormal radiological findings also were almost completely resolved. Thus, we concluded that transient hypoperfusion followed by ischemia and cytotoxic edema might have had a pivotal role in these cases. (+info)

Large and giant middle to lower basilar trunk aneurysms treated by surgical and interventional neuroradiological methods. (4/3177)

Treatment of large and giant aneurysms of the basilar artery remains difficult and controversial. Three large or giant aneurysms of the lower basilar artery were treated with a combination of surgical and interventional neuroradiological procedures. All patients underwent the balloon occlusion test with hypotensive challenge (blood pressure reduced to 70% of the control value). The third patient did not tolerate the test. In the first patient, both vertebral arteries were occluded through a craniotomy. In the second patient, both the aneurysm and the basilar artery were occluded by detached balloons. In the third patient, one vertebral artery was occluded by surgical clipping and the other by detached helical coils and fiber coils. In spite of anti-coagulation and anti-platelet therapy, postoperative thrombotic or embolic ischemia occurred in the second and third patients. Fibrinolytic therapy promptly corrected the ischemic symptoms, but the second patient developed hemorrhagic complications at the craniotomy area 2 hours later. At follow-up examination, the first patient had only 8th cranial nerve paresis, the second patient who had a hemorrhagic complication was bed-ridden, and the third patient had no deficit. Interventional occlusion requires a longer segment of the parent artery compared to surgical occlusion of the parent artery and might cause occlusion of the perforating arteries. However, selected use of various coils can occlude only a short segment of the parent artery. Thus, the postoperative management of thromboembolic ischemia after the occlusion of the parent artery is easier using the interventional technique. (+info)

Combined carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass graft. (5/3177)

Atherosclerosis is a generalized disease which afflicts a considerable number of patients in both the carotid and coronary arteries. Although the risk of stroke or death use to combined carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is thought to be higher than that of each individual operation, the combined procedure is generally preferred over staged operations to treat such patients. We performed the combined procedure safely with the aid of intraoperative portable digital subtraction angiography (DSA). This report describes our experience with the operative strategy of simultaneous CEA and CABG. Ninety CEA and 404 CABG were carried out between January 1989 and December 1997. A total of six patients received the combined procedure with the aid of intraoperative DSA; they were studied retrospectively. Postoperative mortality and morbidity after the combined procedure was 0%. In the combined procedure, neurological complications are difficult to detect after CEA because the patient must be maintained under general anesthesia and extracorporeal circulation during the subsequent CABG. However, intraoperative DSA can confirm patency of the internal carotid artery and absence of flap formation after CEA, and the CABG can be performed safely. Intraoperative portable DSA between CEA and CABG is helpful in preventing perioperative stroke in the combined procedure. (+info)

Angiographical extravasation of contrast medium in hemorrhagic infarction. Case report. (6/3177)

Leakage of the contrast medium was noted on angiograms of a patient whose autopsied brain disclosed typical pathological findings of hemorrhagic infarction. The case was a 63-year old woman with mitral valve failure, who suddenly had loss of consciousness and right-sided hemiplegia. The left carotid angiography performed six hours after onset demonstrated middle cerebral arterial axis occlusion, and the second angiography performed three days after onset displayed recanalization of the initially occluded artery as well as extravasation of the contrast medium. Fourteen days after onset the patient died and an autopsy was performed. The brain demonstrated perivascular punctate hemorrhages in the area supplied by the middle cerebral artery, and neither hematoma nor microaneurysm was disclosed pathologically. A short discussion is given on the possible relationship between recanalization and hemorrhagic infarction. The clinical assessment of hemorrhagic infarction has not been established successfully. (+info)

Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. (7/3177)

PURPOSE: The feasibility and safety of combining carotid surgery and thrombolysis for occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the middle cerebral artery (MCA), either as a simultaneous or as a staged procedure in acute ischemic strokes, was studied. METHODS: A nonrandomized clinical pilot study, which included patients who had severe hemispheric carotid-related ischemic strokes and acute occlusions of the MCA, was performed between January 1994 and January 1998. Exclusion criteria were cerebral coma and major infarction established by means of cerebral computed tomography scan. Clinical outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin scale. RESULTS: Carotid reconstruction and thrombolysis was performed in 14 of 845 patients (1.7%). The ICA was occluded in 11 patients; occlusions of the MCA (mainstem/major branches/distal branch) or the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) were found in 14 patients. In three of the 14 patients, thrombolysis was performed first, followed by carotid enarterectomy (CEA) after clinical improvement (6 to 21 days). In 11 of 14 patients, 0.15 to 1 mIU urokinase was administered intraoperatively, ie, emergency CEA for acute ischemic stroke (n = 5) or surgical reexploration after elective CEA complicated by perioperative intracerebral embolism (n = 6). Thirteen of 14 intracranial embolic occlusions and 10 of 11 ICA occlusions were recanalized successfully (confirmed with angiography or transcranial Doppler studies). Four patients recovered completely (Rankin 0), six patients sustained a minor stroke (Rankin 2/3), two patients had a major stroke (Rankin 4/5), and two patients died. In one patient, hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic infarction was detectable postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Combining carotid surgery with thrombolysis (simultaneous or staged procedure) offers a new therapeutic approach in the emergency management of an acute carotid-related stroke. Its efficacy should be evaluated in interdisciplinary studies. (+info)

Surgical treatment of internal carotid artery anterior wall aneurysm with extravasation during angiography--case report. (8/3177)

A 54-year-old female presented subarachnoid hemorrhage from an aneurysm arising from the anterior (dorsal) wall of the internal carotid artery (ICA). During four-vessel angiography, an extravasated saccular pooling of contrast medium emerged in the suprasellar area unrelated to any arterial branch. The saccular pooling was visualized in the arterial phase and cleared in the venophase during every contrast medium injection. We suspected that the extravasated pooling was surrounded by hard clot but communicated with the artery. Direct surgery was performed but major premature bleeding occurred during the microsurgical procedure. After temporary clipping, an opening of the anterior (dorsal) wall of the ICA was found without apparent aneurysm wall. The vessel wall was sutured with nylon thread. The total occlusion time of the ICA was about 50 minutes. Follow-up angiography demonstrated good patency of the ICA. About 2 years after the operation, the patient was able to walk with a stick and to communicate freely through speech, although left hemiparesis and left homonymous hemianopsia persisted. The outcome suggests our treatment strategy was not optimal, but suture of the ICA wall is one of the therapeutic choices when premature rupture occurs in the operation. (+info)

386-393 [1] Osborn, Anne (1999). Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA, USA: Lippincott Williams & ... The internal carotid artery can receive blood flow via an important collateral pathway supplying the brain, the cerebral ... artery the anterior choroidal artery The internal carotid then divides to form the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral ... Middle cerebral artery (a terminal branch) The sympathetic trunk forms a plexus of nerves around the artery known as the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_carotid_artery

Diagnostic cerebral angiography. Philadelphia: Lippincott Willims & Wilkins. pp. 84-87. ISBN 0-397-58404-0. v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meningohypophyseal_artery

Cerebral Angiography and Egas Moniz. American Journal of Roentgenology. 1992;359(2):364.[permanent dead link] ... who had previously assisted Moniz with his research on cerebral angiography.[n 13][100] The intention was to remove some of the ... For his 1927 development of cerebral angiography, which allowed routine visualisation of the brain's peripheral blood vessels ... of Neurology in 1935 where he had presented a poster exhibit of the Portuguese neurologist's work on cerebral angiography.[126] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobotomy

Angiography of the leg, heart and cerebral vessels.. *Placement of a PICC (peripherally inserted central catheter) ... Cardiology for diagnostic angiography, percutaneous coronary interventions, (pacemakers, implantable cardioverter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoroscope

Cerebral angiography is the diagnostic standard. MRIs are typically normal but can identify venous hypertension as a result of ... Cognard, C.; Gobin, Y. P.; Pierot, L.; Bailly, A. L.; Houdart, E.; Casasco, A.; Chiras, J.; Merland, J. J. (1995). "Cerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dural_arteriovenous_fistula

António Egas Moniz develops cerebral angiography. February 23 - German theoretical physicist Werner Heisenberg writes a letter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1927_in_science

Antunes, J.L.: Egas Moniz and cerebral angiography. J. Neurosurg. 40:427-432, 1974 ... Chen, R.Y.Z., Murasko, K.M., Charlin, R.D., Antunes, J.L., Chien, S.: Improvement of cerebral and myocardial blood flows by ... Solomon, R.A., Antunes, J.L., Chen, R.Y.Z., Bland, L. Chien, S.: Decrease in cerebral blood flow in rats after experimental ... Chen, R.Y.Z., Carlin, R.D., Murasko, K.M., Antunes, J.L.: Comparison of responses of regional cerebral blood flow to ...

https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/João_Lobo_Antunes

This is based on MRI scan, magnetic resonance angiography and CT scan. A cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) ... High resolution digital subtraction angiography may help in classifying CCF into dural and direct type and thus formulate a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid-cavernous_fistula

Diagnostic angiography Cerebral angiography was developed by Portuguese neurologist Egas Moniz at the University of Lisbon, in ... Artico, M (2017). "Egas Moniz: 90 Years (1927-2017) from Cerebral Angiography". Front Neuroanat. 11: 81. doi:10.3389/fnana. ... Cerebral angiography via the femoral artery with particular reference to cerebrovascular disease. Acta Neurol Scand 1967; Suppl ... He performed the first brain angiography in Lisbon in 1927 by injecting an iodinated contrast medium into the internal carotid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interventional_neuroradiology

"Normal Variants of the Cerebral Circulation at Multidetector CT Angiography". RadioGraphics (2009) 29: 1036. Waleed Azab, ... In around 0.1 to 0.6% of individuals, as sampled by magnetic resonance angiography, the trigeminal artery fails to involute and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigeminal_artery

Patients have CNS symptoms as well as cerebral vasculitis by angiography and leptomeningeal biopsy. ... Isolated cerebral vasculitis. Affects medium and small arteries over a diffuse CNS area, without symptomatic extracranial ... However, in Takayasu's arteritis, where the aorta may be involved, it is unlikely a biopsy will be successful and angiography ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_vasculitis

The gold standard is cerebral angiography (with or without digital subtraction angiography).[3][14][15] This involves puncture ... Computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, invasive angiography. Treatment. Anticoagulation, angioplasty ... MR angiography). They use smaller amounts of contrast and are not invasive. CT angiography and MR angiography are more or less ... The thrombolytic drug is administered either intravenously or during cerebral angiography through a catheter directly into the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_artery_dissection

Cerebral angiography allows visualization of blood vessels in and around the brain. A contrast agent is injected prior to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectional_radiography

... and cerebral scintigraphy (technetium Tc 99m exametazime). Cerebral angiography is considered the most sensitive confirmatory ... For example, although one major medical dictionary[7] considers "brain death" to be synonymous with "cerebral death" (death of ... CT angiography is neither required nor sufficient test to make the diagnosis.[22] ... Also, a radionuclide cerebral blood flow scan that shows complete absence of intracranial blood flow must be considered with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_death

Doby, T. (1992). Cerebral Angiography and Egas Moniz, American Journal of Roentgenology. 359 (2):, pp. 364. ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/sr/Lobotomija

If a cerebral aneurysm is identified on angiography, two measures are available to reduce the risk of further bleeding from the ... Aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery and its related vessels are hard to reach with angiography and tend to be amenable to ... Delayed cerebral ischemia, cerebral vasospasm, seizures[1]. Types. Traumatic, spontaneous (aneurysmal, nonaneurysmal, ... the choice is between cerebral angiography (injecting radiocontrast through a catheter to the brain arteries) and CT ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarachnoid_hemorrhage

Cerebral angiography showed a right moyamoya pattern and an ipsilateral dural AVF fed by branches of the external carotid ... These vessels are the ACA (anterior cerebral artery), MCA (middle cerebral artery), and ICA (internal carotid artery). The ... anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery Stage 4 Minimization of the moyamoya and defects of the posterior cerebral ... Cerebral angiography is the gold standard of diagnosing moyamoya disease and its progression. According to the Suzuki's system ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moyamoya_disease

That is, an electrode array built onto a self-expanding stent, implanted into the brain via cerebral angiography. This pathway ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_implant

Through cerebral angiography, the sign has been demonstrated to correspond to embolic or atherosclerotic occlusion of an artery ... The sign has been observed in the middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), vertebral artery, and basilar ... Launes J, Ketonen L (November 1987). "Dense middle cerebral artery sign: an indicator of poor outcome in middle cerebral artery ... 1993). "Increased density in the middle cerebral artery by nonenhanced computed tomography. Prognostic value in acute cerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dense_artery_sign

Angiography throughout the cardiovascular system, including cerebral and peripheral arteriography, coronary arteriography and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iopamidol

... radiopaedia.org/articles/ct-angiography-of-the-cerebral-arteries?lang=gb Marks MP, Wojak JC, Al-Ali F, et al. (2006). " ... CT angiography and Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) can be used to detect atherosclerosis and other diseases in the ... https://radiopaedia.org/articles/posterior-cerebral-circulation?lang=gb "Vertebrobasilar Atherothrombotic Disease: Background, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrobasilar_insufficiency

... to scenes in which the protagonist undergoes a realistic cerebral angiography and violently masturbates with a crucifix. There ... is the radiographer talking to Regan through the cerebral angiography. In the film Regan first undergoes an ... Despite its lack of any supernatural content, many audience members found the angiography, where blood spurts from the tube ... The angiography scene, in which a needle is inserted into Regan's neck and spurts blood, a procedure Friedkin suggests was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)

MRI, CT, and cerebral angiography may all be used to investigate the extent and location of any vascular lesions affecting the ... Cerebral malformations can result in severe headaches, cerebral hemorrhages, vomiting, meningism, seizures, acute strokes, and ... Fluorescein angiography is commonly used to diagnose the syndrome. There have been several methods in treating patients with ... Fluorescein angiography is quite useful in diagnosing retinal features of the disease, and the use of ultrasonography and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnet–Dechaume–Blanc_syndrome

In 1949, the Portuguese neurologist António Egas Moniz, an early developer of the cerebral angiography, was awarded the Nobel ... he also was a pioneer in the development of cerebral angiography Pedro Nunes - 16th century mathematician, one of the greatest ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Portugal

Cerebral Revascularization: Techniques in Extracranial to Intracranial Bypass Surgery. Copyright 2011 Elsevier, Inc. ISBN 978-1 ... Minimally invasive awake STA to MCA bypass through a large burr hole: The use of CT angiography neuronavigation in surgical ... Abdulrauf has authored the main reference textbook for bypass brain surgery titled Cerebral Revascularization: Techniques in ... He has authored the main reference textbook for brain bypass surgery titled Cerebral Revascularization in which Abdulrauf ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saleem_Abdulrauf

Angiography[edit]. Angiogram showing a transverse projection of the vertebro basilar and posterior cerebral circulation. ... Main article: Angiography. Angiography is the use of fluoroscopy to view the cardiovascular system. An iodine-based contrast is ... Angiography is used to find aneurysms, leaks, blockages (thromboses), new vessel growth, and placement of catheters and stents ... It is also used in CT pulmonary angiography to decrease the required dose of iodinated contrast.[23] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_imaging

Early imaging methods - invasive and sometimes dangerous - such as pneumoencephalography and cerebral angiography have been ... Brain metastasis in the right cerebral hemisphere from lung cancer, shown on magnetic resonance imaging. ... although glial cells outnumber neurons roughly 4 to 1 in the cerebral cortex. Glia come in several types, which perform a ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumors

Magnetic resonance angiography and duplex ultrasonography appear to be slightly more cost-effective in diagnosing peripheral ... artery disease among people with intermittent claudication than projectional angiography.[3] Treatment[edit]. Exercise can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermittent_claudication

Angiography. *Digital subtraction angiography *Cerebral angiography. *Aortography. *Fluorescein angiography. *Radionuclide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angioscopy

... cerebral angiography. Sistem TOAST membagi stroke menjadi 5 subtipe yaitu,[11][12] large artery atherosclerosis (LAAS), ... impaired cerebral autoregulation dan perubahan protrombotik dipercaya merupakan penyebab cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). ... Cryptogenic cerebral infarction (CCI)[sunting , sunting sumber]. CCI paling banyak ditemukan dalam penderita patent foramen ... "Cryptogenic cerebral infarction: from classification to concept". SourceCHU de la Cavale Blanche, Service de neurologie; Timsit ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke

In 1927 Egas Moniz introduced cerebral angiography, whereby both normal and abnormal blood vessels in and around the brain ... Uptake of SPECT agent is nearly 100% complete within 30 to 60 seconds, reflecting cerebral blood flow (CBF) at the time of ... SPECT provides a "snapshot" of cerebral blood flow since scans can be acquired after seizure termination (so long as the ... Dandy also observed that air introduced into the subarachnoid space via lumbar spinal puncture could enter the cerebral ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_imaging

Cerebral bypass surgery[edit]. Cerebral bypass surgery was developed in the 1960s in Switzerland by Gazi Yasargil, M.D. When a ... Comparison of computed tomography angiography with digital subtraction angiography in the assessment of clipped intracranial ... Some individuals with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm die from the initial bleeding. Other individuals with cerebral aneurysm ... CT Angiography and MR Angiography for Detection-Prospective Blinded Comparison in a Large Patient Cohort". Radiology. 219 (3): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_aneurysm

... causes an increased risk of cerebral microbleeds having the appearance on MRI scans of 5 to 10 mm or smaller, ... Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and ... Gorelick PB (June 2009). "Cerebral microbleeds: evidence of heightened risk associated with aspirin use". Archives of Neurology ... hypointense (dark holes) patches.[107][108] Such cerebral microbleeds are important, since they often occur prior to ischemic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylsalicylic_acid

It accounts for 20% of all cases of cerebrovascular disease in the United States, behind cerebral thrombosis (40%) and cerebral ... Both computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have been proved to be effective in ... "Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 30 (4): 689-702. doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.282. PMC 2949160. PMID 20087366. Archived ... Cerebral bleeding affects about 2.5 per 10,000 people each year.[2] It occurs more often in males and older people.[2] About 44 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_stroke

Cerebral angiography, electroencephalography, transcranial doppler ultrasonography, and cerebral scintigraphy are some of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beating_heart_cadaver

... and cerebral scintigraphy (technetium Tc 99m exametazime). Cerebral angiography is considered the most sensitive confirmatory ... For example, although one major medical dictionary[6] considers "brain death" to be synonymous with "cerebral death" (death of ... CT angiography is neither required nor sufficient test to make the diagnosis.[21] ... Also, a radionuclide cerebral blood flow scan that shows complete absence of intracranial blood flow must be considered with ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_death

Most of the cerebral signal observed in the scalp EEG falls in the range of 1-20 Hz (activity below or above this range is ... Cerebral angiography. *Pneumoencephalography. *Echoencephalography/Transcranial Doppler. *Brain MRI. *Brain PET. * ... Electrical signals detected along the scalp by an EEG, but are of non-cerebral origin are called artifacts. EEG data is almost ... Additionally, EEG may be used to monitor the depth of anesthesia, as an indirect indicator of cerebral perfusion in carotid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroencephalogram

"Characterisation of the normal right ventricular pressure-volume relation by biplane angiography and simultaneous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricle_(heart)

... low-dose coronary CT angiography, nuclear imaging, and X-ray angiography), differences in the mechanism by which this damage ... The cerebral blood flow (CBF) corresponds to the consumed glucose differently in different brain regions. Initial results show ... This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area of the brain is in ... Mosso's manuscripts do not provide direct evidence that the balance was really able to measure changes in cerebral blood flow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMRI

Cerebral microbleeds: evidence of heightened risk associated with aspirin use. Arch Neurol. 2009, 66 (6): 691-3. PMID 19506128 ... Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and ... Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. September 2005, 36 (9): 2034-6. PMID 16100022. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000177887.14339. ... Use of antithrombotic drugs and the presence of cerebral microbleeds: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Arch Neurol. 2009, 66 (6): 714- ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/阿斯匹林

Cerebral angiography. *Pneumoencephalography. *Echoencephalography/Transcranial Doppler. *Magnetic resonance imaging of the ... Techniques such as angioplasty, stenting, clot retrieval, embolization, and diagnostic angiography are endovascular procedures. ... or one of the cerebral hemispheres of the brain; those two procedures, when possible, are also very, very rarely used in ...

https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/جراحی_مغز_و_اعصاب?match=en

If unmatched perfusion defects are found, further evaluation by CT pulmonary angiography, right heart catheterization, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_Hypertension

... and demonstration of loss of cerebral blood flow (cerebral angiography, transcranial doppler ultrasonography, or cerebral ... and other confounding factors may also produce cerebral electric silence on EEG.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_death

Cerebral angiography. *Pneumoencephalography. *Echoencephalography/Transcranial Doppler. *Magnetic resonance imaging of the ... Inflammation of the head is often slow to onset after injury, and can lead to a fatal rise in cerebral pressure. A recently ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axotomy

March 1999). "In vivo mapping of cerebral acetylcholinesterase activity in aging and Alzheimer's disease". Neurology. 52 (4): ... Radionuclide angiography. *Radioisotope renography. *Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy. *Radioactive iodine uptake test. *Bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pet_scan

Angiography. *Digital subtraction angiography *Cerebral angiography. *Aortography. *Fluorescein angiography. *Radionuclide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemofiltration

Fluorescein angiography. References[edit]. .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophthalmic_artery

2007). "Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography vs ventilation-perfusion lung scanning in patients with suspected pulmonary ...

https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ಪಲ್ಮನರಿ_ಎಂಬಾಲಿಸಮ್‌_

Fluoroscopy and angiography are special applications of X-ray imaging, in which a fluorescent screen and image intensifier tube ... Stenosis of the carotid arteries can presage cerebral infarcts (strokes). DVT in the legs can be found via ultrasound before it ... CT scanning has become the test of choice in diagnosing some urgent and emergent conditions such as cerebral hemorrhage, ... certain types of cerebral aneurysm clips, metal fragments in the eyes and some metallic hardware due to the powerful magnetic ...

https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Úsáideoir:Eomurchadha

Fluoroscopy and angiography are special applications of X-ray imaging, in which a fluorescent screen and image intensifier tube ... CT scanning has become the test of choice in diagnosing some urgent and emergent conditions, such as cerebral hemorrhage, ... certain types of cerebral aneurysm clips, metal fragments in the eyes and some metallic hardware due to the powerful magnetic ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiology

Cerebral edema. References[edit]. *^ American Psychological Association (APA): perfusion. (n.d.). Dictionary.com Unabridged (v ... Application of this process is used to develop radionuclide angiography, a method of diagnosing heart problems. ... Cerebral blood flow determination by rapid-sequence computed-tomography: theoretical analysis. Radiology 137: 679-686, December ... August 2000). "Continuous monitoring of regional cerebral blood flow: experimental and clinical validation of a novel thermal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfusion

The history of cerebral angiography is discussed, extending from the first human angiogram in 1927 to the present time.... ... This chapter covers the essential aspects of diagnostic cerebral angiography. ... This chapter covers the essential aspects of diagnostic cerebral angiography. The history of cerebral angiography is discussed ... Cloft HJ, Joseph GJ, Dion JE (1999) Risk of cerebral angiography in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral aneurysm, ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-27676-7_17

Current and accurate information for patients about Cerebral Angiography. Learn what you might experience, how to prepare for ... Cerebral Angiography. Cerebral angiography uses a catheter, x-ray imaging guidance and an injection of contrast material to ... What is Cerebral Angiography. Angiography is a minimally invasive medical test that uses x-rays and an iodine-containing ... Cerebral angiography is also called intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA). This phrase refers to acquiring the ...

https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=angiocerebral

Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the brain, thereby allowing ... cerebral angiography may yield better images than less invasive methods such as computed tomography angiography and magnetic ... cerebral angiography allows certain treatments to be performed immediately, based on its findings. In recent decades, cerebral ... In some jurisdictions, cerebral angiography is required to confirm brain death.[citation needed] Prior to the advent of modern ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_angiography

Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the ... Angiography with a catheter is used less often now. This is because MRA (magnetic resonance angiography) and CT angiography ... Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography; IADSA How the Test is Performed. Cerebral angiography is done in the hospital ... Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the ...

https://www.sutterhealth.org/services/neuroscience/eden-cerebral-angiogram

Cerebral angiography may also be called intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA). ... Cerebral Angiography is a minimally invasive medical test that uses x-rays and an iodine-containing contrast material to ... In cerebral angiography, x-ray images show blood vessel abnormalities in the brain. Results from a cerebral angiogram are more ... Angiography can be used to help detect and diagnose acute stroke. The images that result from cerebral angiography are not ...

https://www.memorialcare.org/services/diagnostics/cerebral-angiography-angiogram

Cerebral angiography. Definition. Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to ... Cerebral angiography is most often used to identify or confirm problems with the blood vessels in the brain. ... Angiography with a catheter is used less often now. This is because MRA (*magnetic resonance angiography ... Vertebral angiogram; Angiography - head; Carotid angiogram; Cervicocerebral catheter-based angiography; Intra-arterial digital ...

https://www.umm.edu/Health/Medical/Ency/Articles/Cerebral-angiography

Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the ... Cerebral angiography (cerebral angiogram) - diagnostic. In: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic ... Angiography with a catheter is used less often now. This is because MRA (magnetic resonance angiography) and CT angiography ... Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003799.htm

... have revealed a difference in configuration resulting in one of the catheters becoming markedly damaged during angiography. The ...

https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5799471

Download this Front View Cerebral Angiography Monitoring video now. And search more of iStocks library of royalty-free stock ... Front view cerebral angiography monitoring. - Stock video. .... Ukraine, Aneurysm, Arteriogram, Artery, Atherosclerosis. ...

https://www.istockphoto.com/gb/video/front-view-cerebral-angiography-monitoring-gm976881780-265640097

Download this Black And White Cerebral Angiography Scan video now. And search more of iStocks library of royalty-free stock ... Black and white cerebral angiography scan stock video. .... Ukraine, Aneurysm, Arteriogram, Artery, Atherosclerosis. ...

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... on WN Network delivers the latest Videos and Editable pages for News & Events, including Entertainment, ... Cerebral angiography. Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the ... Cerebral angiography. Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the ... Based on procedure, the market is segmented into coronary angiography, peripheral angiography, cerebral angiography, vascular ...

https://wn.com/Cerebral_angiography?from=cerebralangiography.org

... on WN Network delivers the latest Videos and Editable pages for News & Events, including Entertainment, ... Coronary Angiography, Pulmonary Angiography, Cerebral Angiography, Extremity Angiography, Renal Angiography ... Angiography ... Cerebral angiography. Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the ... Cerebral angiography. Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the ...

https://wn.com/Cerebral_angiography?from=cerebralangiography.net

... and other vascular anomalies in a brain CT angiography. Our method is composed o ... we propose a robust 3D rigid registration technique for detecting cerebral aneurysms, arterial stenosis, ... Cerebral Vessel Enhancement Using Rigid Registration in Three-Dimensional CT Angiography. In: Sanfeliu A., Martínez Trinidad J. ... Napel, S., Marks, M.P., Rubin, G.D., Dake, M.D., McDonnell, C.H., Song, S.M., Enzmann, D.R., Jeffrey, R.B.: CT Angiography with ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-540-30463-0_68

This revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography, which includes new angiographic studies and illustrative drawings, ... This revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography, which includes new angiographic studies and illustrative drawings, ... While the emphasis throughout is on the diagnostic value of cerebral angiography, many examples of endovascular treatment in ... Atherosclerosis Cerebral Vessels Endovacular Treatment Occlusive Diseases Vascular Abnormalities Venous Thrombosis Authors and ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-642-54404-0

... Updated: Jul 30 ... In this anatomical study, 53 patients underwent computed tomography angiography, 49 underwent digital subtraction angiography, ... and Which specific anatomical features of posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke may be identified on angiography? What to Read ... de Monyé C, Dippel DW, Siepman TA, Dijkshoorn ML, Tanghe HL, van der Lugt A. Is a fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/2128100-78591/which-specific-anatomical-features-of-posterior-cerebral-artery-pca-stroke-may-be-identified-on-angiography

Neurologic complications of cerebral angiography.. J E Heiserman, B L Dean, J A Hodak, R A Flom, C R Bird, B P Drayer, E K Fram ... Neurologic complications of cerebral angiography.. J E Heiserman, B L Dean, J A Hodak, R A Flom, C R Bird, B P Drayer, E K Fram ... Neurologic complications of cerebral angiography.. J E Heiserman, B L Dean, J A Hodak, R A Flom, C R Bird, B P Drayer and E K ... Neurologic complications of cerebral angiography. Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from American Journal of ...

http://www.ajnr.org/content/15/8/1401?ijkey=202194e16937ea8c79f383270610c5811e745487&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Color enhanced medicine radiology angiography showing normal blood vessels in the brain. (Enhancement of GA3404) - Stock Image ... Keywords: angiography, arteriography, blood vessel, brain, brain angiography, cardiovascular, cardiovascular system, cerebral, ... Caption: Color enhanced medicine radiology angiography showing normal blood vessels in the brain. (Enhancement of GA3404) ... cerebral angiograph, circulatory system, medical, medical imaging, nervous system, x ray, x-ray, xray ...

http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/98997/view

Cerebral angiography You will receive an email whenever this article is corrected, updated, or cited in the literature. You can ... Cerebral angiography. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, March 1957, Vol. 56, 410-412. doi:https://doi.org/ ... RUBERG R. Cerebral angiography. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1957;56(7):410-412. doi: https://doi.org/. ...

https://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2095588

Intravenous Flat-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography for Symptomatic Cerebral Vasospasm following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid ... "Intravenous Flat-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography for Symptomatic Cerebral Vasospasm following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2014/315960/cta/

Catheter cerebral angiography remains the criterion standard for evaluation of vascular anatomy. However, it is a more invasive ... Drugs & Diseases , Neurology , Posterior Cerebral Artery Stroke Q&A What is the role of catheter cerebral angiography in the ... Catheter cerebral angiography remains the criterion standard for evaluation of vascular anatomy. However, it is a more invasive ... de Monyé C, Dippel DW, Siepman TA, Dijkshoorn ML, Tanghe HL, van der Lugt A. Is a fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/2128100-78590/794789-overview

A. Sharath Reddy at MaxCure Hospitals Hyderabad India, Angiogram: What I wish Id known before the procedure, Cerebral ... Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography, Live Angiography (CAG) by Dr. ... Cerebral angiography. Cerebral angiography is a form of ... Cerebral angiography. Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the ... Cerebral Angiography Procedure. Cerebral Angiography Procedure. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a fluoroscopy ...

https://upge.wn.com/?from=cerebralangiography.org&pagenum=5&language_id=1&template=cheetah-photo-search%2Findex.txt&query=cerebral_angiography

Digital Intravenous Cerebral Angiography Author(s): Joachim F. Seeger; Raymond F. Carmody; Janice R. L. Smith; Theron W. Ovitt ... Initial studies have been directed toward digital video subtraction angiography (DVSA) using intravenous injections of contrast ...

http://spie.org/Publications/Proceedings/Paper/10.1117/12.933053

Cerebral angiography in children. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, December 1972, Vol. 72, 390. doi:https ... Cerebral angiography in children You will receive an email whenever this article is corrected, updated, or cited in the ... Cerebral angiography in children. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1972;72(4):390. doi: https://doi.org/. ...

https://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2096681

... resonance angiography fusion technique for intraoperative navigation during microsurgical resection of cerebral arteriovenous ... Complete AVM obliteration was demonstrated on intraoperative angiography in all cases.. CONCLUSIONS: Precise anatomical ... and this detail may be provided by fusing MR images and MR angiography (MRA) sequences. The current study describes the use of ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22537133

... on WN Network delivers the latest Videos and Editable pages for News & Events, including ... Cerebral angiography. Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the ... In addition, cerebral angiography allows certain treatments to be performed immediately, based on its findings. If, for example ... For some applications this method may yield better images than less invasive methods such as computed tomography angiography ...

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Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis for Left Middle Cerebral Artery Embolic Stroke During Coronary Angiography. Patrizia Presbitero, ... The carotid angiogram, performed 2 hours after coronary angiography at the beginning of cerebral symptoms, reveals total ... The carotid angiogram, performed immediately after coronary angiography at the beginning of cerebral symptoms, reveals total ... Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis for Left Middle Cerebral Artery Embolic Stroke During Coronary Angiography ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/113/5/e64

Clinically silent cerebral lesions after cerebral catheter angiography. Rofo. 2001; 173: 300-305. ... Figure 1. MESs during intra-arterial cerebral angiography. Transcranial Doppler sonography of both middle cerebral arteries ... cerebral angiography and transcranial Doppler sonography during angiography were used to evaluate the frequency of cerebral ... 25 A large number of microembolic signals in the cerebral vessels has been described not only during cerebral angiography9 but ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/110/15/2210

"Real-world" comparison of non-invasive imaging to conventional catheter angiography in the diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms.. ... it has become increasingly difficult to justify the role of conventional angiography [digital subtraction angiography (DSA)] ... Based on numerous reports citing high sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive imaging [e.g. computed tomography angiography ... CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)] in the detection of intracranial aneurysms, ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22059129?dopt=Abstract

This book offers detailed guidance on the diagnostic use of cerebral angiography based on precise... ... Applied Cerebral Angiography. Normal Anatomy and Vascular Pathology. Auflage. 3/E 2018. ... Beyond explaining the diagnostic value of cerebral angiography, a key aim is to equip readers with the precise knowledge of the ... This book offers detailed guidance on the diagnostic use of cerebral angiography based on precise description of the ...

https://www.frohberg.de/product/euroSales257340/applied-cerebral-angiography.html

Transcranial Doppler correlation with cerebral angiography in sickle cell disease.. R J Adams, F T Nichols, R Figueroa, V McKie ... Transcranial Doppler correlation with cerebral angiography in sickle cell disease.. R J Adams, F T Nichols, R Figueroa, V McKie ... Transcranial Doppler correlation with cerebral angiography in sickle cell disease.. R J Adams, F T Nichols, R Figueroa, V McKie ... we compared transcranial Doppler and cerebral angiography in a primarily young, symptomatic group of 33 patients (18 males and ...

http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/23/8/1073

Haughton VM, Rosenbaum AE, Baker RA, Plaistowe RL (1975) Lateral projections with inclined head for angiography of basal cerebral aneurysms. (springer.com)
Cerebral angiography uses a catheter, x-ray imaging guidance and an injection of contrast material to examine blood vessels in the brain for abnormalities such as aneurysms and disease such as atherosclerosis (plaque). (radiologyinfo.org)
Cerebral angiography is a form of angiography which provides images of blood vessels in and around the brain, thereby allowing detection of abnormalities such as arteriovenous malformations and aneurysms. (wikipedia.org)
The application areas for neurovascular guidewires have been classified into arteriovenous malformations, intracranial and extra-cranial angioplasty, aneurysms, minimally invasive spine surgery, and cerebral angiography . (wn.com)
In this paper, we propose a robust 3D rigid registration technique for detecting cerebral aneurysms, arterial stenosis, and other vascular anomalies in a brain CT angiography. (springer.com)
Characteristics of posterior cerebral artery aneurysms: an angiographic analysis of 93 aneurysms in 81 patients. (medscape.com)
In such disorders as vasculitis or intracranial aneurysms, the sensitivity and specificity of such noninvasive techniques as CT angiography and MR angiography do not suffice to replace intra-arterial angiography. (ahajournals.org)
Real-world" comparison of non-invasive imaging to conventional catheter angiography in the diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms. (nih.gov)
Based on numerous reports citing high sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive imaging [e.g. computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)] in the detection of intracranial aneurysms, it has become increasingly difficult to justify the role of conventional angiography [digital subtraction angiography (DSA)] for diagnostic purposes. (nih.gov)
Aneurysms were located in the internal carotid artery in 12 patients, middle cerebral artery in six, anterior cerebral artery in three, basilar artery bifurcation in one, and junction of the vertebral artery (VA) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery in one. (thejns.org)
To identify the clinical significance of routine postoperative angiography, the incidence of residual aneurysms after clipping and the risk factors related to the occurrence of residual aneurysm are investigated. (jkns.or.kr)
Of the 104 aneurysms, 9 (8.7%) had aneurysmal remnant on postoperative angiography. (jkns.or.kr)
Microsurgical Treatment of Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms. (jkns.or.kr)
OBJECTIVES: Multidetector computed tomography angiography (MD-CTA) has become the first-line screening technique for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage not only for detecting aneurysms, but also for providing decisive angioarchitectural information. (inserm.fr)
The anterior cerebral arterial circle (ACAC) is the most common location for anatomical variations and aneurysms. (inserm.fr)
Methods Fourteen patients with 16 cerebral aneurysms underwent novel 4D-CTA followed by 3D-RA. (bmj.com)
4D-CTA may be considered as a follow-up imaging tool for hemodynamic assessment of cerebral aneurysms. (bmj.com)
Background Cerebral angiography remains the gold standard for the detection of mycotic aneurysms, and it has been estimated that ruptured mycotic aneurysms result in 5% of the neurological complications of patients with infective endocarditis (IE). (bmj.com)
Approximately 9% of patients with IE at our institution who undergo cerebral angiography have mycotic aneurysms. (bmj.com)
Dr. Ples was the first to introduce surgical treatment for cerebral aneurysms in Timisoara and has 24 years' experience in cerebral vascular pathology. (springer.com)
The purpose was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for rebleeding during cerebral angiography in ruptured intracranial aneurysms . (bvsalud.org)
Among 1896 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms between September 2006 and December 2013, a total of 11 patients who experienced rebleeding of the ruptured aneurysms during digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were recruited in this study. (bvsalud.org)
Shalmani, A.H. , Dehmeshki, J. , Qanadli, S. and Crocker, M. (2010) Computer aided detection of cerebral aneurysms using CT angiography. (kingston.ac.uk)

Results from a cerebral angiogram are more accurate than those produced by carotid Doppler. (memorialcare.org)
Venema, H.W., Hulsmans, F.J.H., den Heeten, G.J.: CT Angiography of the Circle of Willis and Intracranial Internal Carotid Arteries: Maximum Intensity Projection with Matched Mask Bone Elimination - Feasibility Study. (springer.com)
All complications occurred in patients presenting with a history of stroke/transient ischemic accident or carotid bruit, which may reflect the difficulty of performing angiography in this population at risk for atherosclerotic changes. (ajnr.org)
The left carotid digital subtraction angiography that was performed immediately revealed total occlusion of the M2 part of the left MCA. (ahajournals.org)
The carotid angiogram, performed immediately after coronary angiography at the beginning of cerebral symptoms, reveals total embolic occlusion of the M2 part of the left MCA with TIMI 0 flow (arrow). (ahajournals.org)
Ischemic stroke resulting from a left MCA occlusion was confirmed by a left carotid digital subtraction angiography. (ahajournals.org)
An immediate carotid angiogram to assess cerebral artery occlusion appears to be the best and least time-consuming approach. (ahajournals.org)
When the brain is being evaluated (called cerebral angiography), the catheter is threaded to the aorta, then to the large arteries that carry blood to the brain (carotid and vertebral arteries). (merckmanuals.com)
We report a rare case of repeated focal seizures and prolonged left hemiparesis after cerebral angiography and BTO of the right internal carotid artery. (scirp.org)
MCA = middle cerebral artery, PICA = posterior inferior cerebellar artery, ICA = internal carotid artery, VBJ = vertebrobasilar junction. (benthamopen.com)
CT angiography of the cerebral arteries (also known as a CTA carotids or an arch to vertex angiogram) is a noninvasive technique allows visualization of the internal and external carotid arteries and vertebral arteries and can include just the intracranial compartment or also extend down to the arch of the aorta. (ineas.org)
Reid, MH 1977, ' Bilateral cerebral angiography with catheterization of only one carotid artery ', Neuroradiology , vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 65-66. (elsevier.com)
The procedure is also used to embolize highly vascular meningiomas or to study cerebral dominance by injection of barbiturate into the carotid artery (the Wada test) in left-handed individuals who are to have surgery near language areas. (cancerstreatment.com)
Thus selective angiography may be performed following injection directly into veins or arteries such as the carotid, the vertebral, or the vessels of the extremities. (drugs.com)
CEREBRAL angiography can be performed by open surgical procedure, with direct injection of the common carotid artery, or by percutaneous needle puncture of the carotid artery. (jamanetwork.com)
The second edition of this atlas presents a wealth of normal and pathologic findings observed on CT angiography with 3D reconstruction in diverse clinical applications, including the imaging of cerebral, carotid, thoracic, coronary, abdominal, and peripheral vessels. (springer.com)

In cerebral angiography, a thin plastic tube called a catheter is inserted into an artery in the leg or arm through a small incision in the skin. (radiologyinfo.org)
Angiography with a catheter is used less often now. (sutterhealth.org)
What is the role of catheter cerebral angiography in the evaluation of posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke? (medscape.com)
Catheter cerebral angiography remains the criterion standard for evaluation of vascular anatomy. (medscape.com)
One hundred fifty diagnostic cerebral angiographies were randomized into 50 procedures, each using conventional angiographic technique, or systemic heparin treatment throughout the procedure, or air filters between the catheter and both the contrast medium syringe and the catheter flushing. (ahajournals.org)
Unlike traditional angiography that involves placing a tube (catheter) int. (stlukes-stl.com)
After contrast agent is injected through the catheter, a technician takes x-rays of the arteries and veins being evaluated (in the head for cerebral angiography), which are outlined by the contrast agent. (merckmanuals.com)
INTRODUCTION: Heubner's recurrent artery (RAH) in brain selective catheter angiograms (digital subtraction angiography, DSA) was evaluated. (uzh.ch)
Catheter-directed digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is considered the standard for evaluation of superficial temporal to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass patency. (elsevier.com)
Depending on the type of angiography procedure being performed, the contrast medium is either injected by hand with a syringe or is mechanically injected with an automatic injector connected to the catheter. (encyclopedia.com)
After the angiogram is concluded the catheter is removed and the small opening made to introduce it is closed by manual compression or by a â ¦ Angiography is a general term for the radiographic examination of the blood vessels. (ineas.org)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of MR venography in the depiction of the normal intracranial venous anatomy and its variants, to assess its potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of dural venous sinus thrombosis, and to compare the findings with those of conventional catheter angiography. (teknotasarim.com)
Catheter - A long, thin, flexible tube used in angiography to inject contrast material into the arteries. (thefreedictionary.com)

Isolated lateral thalamic infarction: the role of posterior cerebral artery disease. (medscape.com)
Confusional states following posterior cerebral artery infarction. (medscape.com)
Cerebral infarction in sickle cell disease is associated with arterial narrowing or occlusions of intracranial arteries. (ahajournals.org)
Cerebral infarction in young people. (bmj.com)
Because the fluorescein angiography procedure described here allows intraoperative confirmation of the patency of perforating arteries located deep inside the surgical field, it can be practically used for preventing unexpected cerebral infarction during aneurysm surgery. (thejns.org)
Especially patient with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the risk of stroke is 1.5-3 times higher than that of the healthy human [ 6 ], which the main cause was cerebral infarction [ 7 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Even though we had re-adjusted the clip in two cases because of parent arterial narrowing on postoperative angiography, two patients died due to cerebral infarction. (jkns.or.kr)
Editors: Salamon, G. Cerebral angiography is frequently normal in patients with np sle including those with cerebral infarction on mri. (ineas.org)

Jayaraman, M.V., Mayo-Smith, W.W., Doberstein, C.E.: Intracanalicular Aneurysm of the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Revealed by Multi-Detector CT Angiography. (springer.com)
Digital subtraction angiogram demonstrating an acute L posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusion (red arrow) following balloon-assisted coiling of a basilar tip aneurysm. (medscape.com)
Digital subtraction angiogram demonstrating revascularization of acute L posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusion (red arrow) during a balloon-assisted basilar tip aneurysm revascularization with use of balloon angioplasty. (medscape.com)
The authors performed fluorescein cerebral angiography in patients after aneurysm clip placement to confirm the patency of the parent artery, perforating artery, and other arteries around the aneurysm. (thejns.org)
Multidetector computed tomography angiography (MD-CTA) is increasingly being used for the detection and treatment planning of intracranial aneurysm. (inserm.fr)
Clinical Significance of Routine Cerebral Angiography after Cerebral Aneurysm Surgery. (jkns.or.kr)
Of 255 patients who underwent aneurysm clipping between 1999 and 2002, ninety one patients underwent routine angiography after aneurysm clipping by one surgeon. (jkns.or.kr)
Routine postoperative angiography has little clinical significance in view of the incidence and management of the residual aneurysm or major arterial narrowing/occlusion. (jkns.or.kr)
Postoperative angiography seems to be necessary in limited patients after aneurysm surgery. (jkns.or.kr)
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography is usually valuable for the evaluation of clipped cerebral aneurysm, but it has side effects of contrast medium. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
We use MAGNETOM Aera 1.5T (SIEMENS, München, Germany) and perform pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA)-MRA using ultrashort TE for the assessment of the cerebral aneurysm after clipping. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
We would like to report the usefulness of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with ultrashort echo time (TE) for the assessment of the cerebral aneurysm after clipping. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Non-invasive methods are better for the assessment of the cerebral aneurysm after clipping. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Case 1: clipping for the unruptured aneurysm at the right middle cerebral artery using the Sugita titanium clip (Mizuho, Tokyo, Japan). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the usefulness of PETRA-MRA for the assessment of the cerebral aneurysm and its neck remnant after clipping. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
This study aims to compare CFD results from aneurysm models segmented from three-dimensional rotational angiography (3D-RA) versus novel four-dimensional CT angiography (4D-CTA). (bmj.com)
The maximum eye lens dose of 1492 mGy was measured at LOC region for an AVM case, followed by 907 mGy for an aneurysm case and 665 mGy for a diagnostic angiography procedure. (edu.au)

citation needed] Prior to the advent of modern neuroimaging techniques such as MRI and CT in the mid-1970s, cerebral angiographies were frequently employed as a tool to infer the existence and location of certain kinds of lesions and hematomas by looking for secondary vascular displacement caused by the mass effect related to these medical conditions. (wikipedia.org)
The first part of the book describes the normal anatomy of the cerebral arteries and veins, with attention to morphological aspect, embryological development, function, and vascular territories. (springer.com)
Arboix A, Arbe G, García-Eroles L, Oliveres M, Parra O, Massons J. Infarctions in the vascular territory of the posterior cerebral artery: clinical features in 232 patients. (medscape.com)
However, when they produce unclear findings or more information is needed about the vascular anatomy, angiography is required. (medscape.com)
Coronary #Angiography ( CAG ) live procedure performed by Dr. A . Sharath Reddy , Senior Interventional Cardiologist and Vascular Specialist at MaxCure Hospitals Hyderabad India . (wn.com)
To explore the characteristics of cerebral vascular angiography from transient ischemic attack (TIA) accompanied with type 2 diabetes (T2D). (alliedacademies.org)
By use of C type arm angiography system, cerebral vascular stenotic degrees, determination of intracranial or extracranial artery, and the collateral compensative capacity were compared between two groups. (alliedacademies.org)
Severe cerebral vascular stenosis is more easy to happen in patients of TIA accomplicated with T2D, which was distinguished by multiple vascular lesions, diffuse vascular lesions and less collateral compensative capacity. (alliedacademies.org)
Cerebral Angiography: Normal Anatomy and Vascular Pathology di Bradac, Gianni Boris su AbeBooks.it - ISBN 10: 3642156770 - ISBN 13: 9783642156779 - Springer Verlag - 2011 - Rilegato This anatomy module of e-Anatomy was designed and created by MD Micheau Antoine and MD Hoa Denis, radiologists in Montpellier (France). (ineas.org)
Cerebral Angiography: Normal Anatomy and Vascular Pathology (English Edition) eBook: Gianni Boris Bradac: Amazon.it: Kindle Store Cerebral angiography is an interventional procedure for the diagnosis and/or treatment of intracranial pathology. (ineas.org)
Cerebral Angiography: Normal Anatomy and Vascular Pathology (English Edition) eBook: Gianni Boris Bradac: Amazon.it: Kindle Store Utilizziamo cookie e altre tecnologie simili per migliorare la tua esperienza di acquisto, per fornire i nostri servizi, per capire come i nostri clienti li utilizzano in modo da poterli migliorare e per visualizzare annunci pubblicitari. (teknotasarim.com)
Cerebral Angiography: Normal Anatomy and Vascular Pathology Features: Cerebral Angiography By (author): Gianni Boris Bradac Cerebral Angiography is a comprehensive and well-illustrated guide to the diagnostic use of cerebral angiography. (teknotasarim.com)
Cerebral angiography demonstrates decreased cerebral venous drainage and dilation of the deep cerebral veins.64,65 A variety of vascular abnormalities, including thrombotic lesions, dural venous sinus abnormalities, and arteriovenous malformations, have been observed in approximately one third of patients. (teknotasarim.com)
Cerebral angiography provides precise anatomical imaging of the cerebral vasculature and its variations, with accurate identification of vascular territories and their specific function. (teknotasarim.com)
Thus, patients with IE presenting with intracranial hemorrhage should undergo vascular imaging, preferably with cerebral angiography. (bmj.com)
This edition is the outcome of 18 years of work by a renowned radiological team whose research focuses specifically on vascular pathology of the whole body and the role of CT angiography in its assessment. (springer.com)

The history of cerebral angiography is discussed, extending from the first human angiogram in 1927 to the present time. (springer.com)
Darren B. Orbach, MD, PhD, Neurointerventional Radiologist at Children's Hospital Boston , explains the process of a cerebral angiogram and the role of image guidance and catheters. (wn.com)
It produces a cerebral angiogram, or an image that can help your doctor find blockages â ¦ This revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography, which includes new angiographic studies and illustrative drawings, offers detailed guidance on diagnostic use of the procedure. (teknotasarim.com)
What is a cerebral angiogram? (neuroendomke.com)
A cerebral angiogram is an imaging technique used to see how blood flows in the arteries and veins of the brain in real time. (neuroendomke.com)
Why is a cerebral angiogram important? (neuroendomke.com)
What should I expect during a cerebral angiogram? (neuroendomke.com)

Cerebral angiography is also called intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA). (radiologyinfo.org)
This is called digital subtraction angiography (DSA). (sutterhealth.org)
In this anatomical study, 53 patients underwent computed tomography angiography, 49 underwent digital subtraction angiography, and 6 underwent magnetic resonance angiography. (medscape.com)
Initial studies have been directed toward digital video subtraction angiography (DVSA) using intravenous injections of contrast material. (spie.org)
Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA) has remained the "gold standard" in the assessment of cerebral vessels. (ahajournals.org)
Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) was set as the gold standard by imaging for evaluating the cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion [ 11 , 12 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Need help in choosing the right cerebral digital subtraction angiography dsa hospital? (credihealth.com)
Get detailed info on services & amenities, accreditations, doctors and other credentials of top hospitals for cerebral-digital-subtraction-angiography-dsa in Mumbai. (credihealth.com)
Check OPD schedule of doctors and book appointment online top hospitals for cerebral-digital-subtraction-angiography-dsa in Mumbai. (credihealth.com)
The gold standard for the diagnosis of CVS is digital subtraction angiography (DSA), but the utility for routine screening with DSA during the early course of aSAH is unclear. (heart.org)
Diagnostic digital subtraction cerebral angiography was performed 4 days after admission with the nonionic contrast media Iomeprol. (ovid.com)
Comparison of hand injection with mechanical injection for digital subtraction selective cerebral angiography. (openrepository.com)
100 patients undergoing digital subtraction cerebral angiography were randomized to have contrast delivered by either hand or mechanical injection. (openrepository.com)
However, radiation exposure to the radiologist's hand and body were reduced by up to 70% by using a mechanical injector for contrast delivery during selective cerebral angiography with digital subtraction. (openrepository.com)

Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the brain. (sutterhealth.org)
The Stentrode system is small and flexible enough to safely pass through curving blood vessels in a procedure called cerebral angiography , eliminating the need for open brain surgery. (wn.com)
This revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography , which includes new angiographic studies and illustrative drawings, offers detailed guidance on diagnostic use of the procedure. (springer.com)
You had a procedure called cerebral angiography. (vidanthealth.com)
Patients who have blood clotting problems, have a known allergy to contrast mediums, or are allergic to iodine, a component of some contrast mediums, may also not be suitable candidates for an angiography procedure. (encyclopedia.com)
Diagnostic cerebral angiography has a low complication rate and maintaining this safety profile in children is an expectation for all practitioners performing this procedure," Dr. Pearl said. (childrensnational.org)
Although it is an invasive procedure, cerebral angiography is considered the best way (=gold standard) to look at the blood vessels. (drlimeilin.com)
What makes cerebral angiography an invasive procedure? (drlimeilin.com)

3-5 Furthermore, the apposition of thrombus to the embolic material may be an important component of cerebral artery occlusion. (ahajournals.org)

RESULTS: A total of 24 RAHs were recognised in 20 patients: 7 arose from the A1, 5 from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA)-anterior communicating artery (Acom), 11 from the A2, whereas in 1 case, the segment of origin from the ACA could not be identified. (uzh.ch)
Changes in the middle and anterior cerebral artery were similarly visible in both MRA and CA studies. (jkns.or.kr)

For some applications[citation needed] cerebral angiography may yield better images than less invasive methods such as computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography. (wikipedia.org)
Computed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Ultrasound Cerebral Angiography Nuclear Imaging Others (includes Electrocardiography, Echocardiography, etc. (wn.com)
Jin Pyeong Jeon, Seung Hun Sheen, and Yong-Jun Cho, "Intravenous Flat-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography for Symptomatic Cerebral Vasospasm following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage," The Scientific World Journal , vol. 2014, Article ID 315960, 8 pages, 2014. (hindawi.com)
Feasibility evaluation of the One-Step Stroke Protocol, which is an interleaved cerebral computed tomography perfusion (CTP) and neck volumetric computed tomography angiography (vCTA) scanning technique using wide-detector computed tomography, and to assess the image quality of vCTA. (springer.com)
Anatomic variants of the anterior part of the cerebral arterial circle at multidetector computed tomography angiography. (inserm.fr)

Cerebral angiography produces very detailed, clear and accurate pictures of blood vessels in the brain and may eliminate the need for surgery. (radiologyinfo.org)
Angiography is a minimally invasive medical test that uses x-rays and an iodine-containing contrast material to produce pictures of blood vessels in the brain. (radiologyinfo.org)
Cerebral angiography is most often used to identify or confirm problems with the blood vessels in the brain. (sutterhealth.org)
Brain vessels angiography. (istockphoto.com)
Color enhanced medicine radiology angiography showing normal blood vessels in the brain. (sciencephoto.com)
Beyond explaining the diagnostic value of cerebral angiography, a key aim is to equip readers with the precise knowledge of the anatomy of cerebral vessels required for optimal application of endovascular therapy of pathologies involving the arteries and veins of the brain. (frohberg.de)
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is an MRI exam of the blood vessels. (stlukes-stl.com)
Angiography is used to obtain diagnostic information about the blood vessels that carry blood to various parts of the body, particularly whether the vessel is blocked by a blood clot or narrowed by atherosclerosis. (merckmanuals.com)
A cerebral CTP acquisition not only contains information about tissue perfusion but also allows for reconstructing a dynamic CTA (4D-CTA) to evaluate the intracranial vessels within the covered region. (springer.com)
Angiography is the x-ray study of the blood vessels. (encyclopedia.com)
Angiography is used to detect abnormalities or blockages in the blood vessels (called occlusions) throughout the circulatory system and in some organs. (encyclopedia.com)
Angiography requires the injection of a contrast dye that makes the blood vessels visible to x ray. (encyclopedia.com)
The first part of the book depicts in detail the normal appearance of the cerebral vessels on angiographic studies. (ineas.org)
IF ONE WISHES to gain skill in the interpretation of cerebral angiograms, first he must study the anatomy of vessels relative to the surrounding brain. (teknotasarim.com)
In a few circumstances, neurosurgeons, in preparation for surgery, require a more precise knowledge of the pattern and position of blood vessels, which can be obtained only by angiography . (cancerstreatment.com)
Diagnostic cerebral angiography is a special test performed to provide a map of the blood vessels in the brain. (drlimeilin.com)
A cerebral angiography, a diagnostic test that uses X-rays to produce detailed images of the blood vessels in your head, may be recommended before surgery. (vascularsurgeonsydney.com.au)
Fluorescein dye - An orange dye used to illuminate the blood vessels of the retina in fluorescein angiography. (thefreedictionary.com)
This study proposes a fully automatic labeling algorithm detecting up to 32 cerebral vessels including arteries and veins, based on 20 data sets of time-resolved contrast-enhanced angiography. (ismrm.org)

METHODS: Bilateral cerebral angiograms with antero-posterior, lateral and oblique frontal views were obtained in 100 neurological patients aged from 5 to 90 years. (uzh.ch)
Although many practitioners perform cerebral angiograms in children, these practitioners have varying levels of prior neuroangiography training and experience. (childrensnational.org)
Seven of the dissections were noted at the time of contrast material injection for the filming of cerebral angiograms. (elsevier.com)

This is because MRA ( magnetic resonance angiography ) and CT angiography give clearer images. (sutterhealth.org)
Magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography fusion technique for intraoperative navigation during microsurgical resection of cerebral. (nih.gov)
Magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography fusion technique for intraoperative navigation during microsurgical resection of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. (nih.gov)
Methods and Results- In a prospective study, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) before and after intra-arterial cerebral angiography and transcranial Doppler sonography during angiography were used to evaluate the frequency of cerebral embolism. (ahajournals.org)
To assess the role of magnetic resonance angiography(MRA) and the effect of encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) on the pediatric moyamoya disease(MMD), we analyzed the findings of MRA comparing with conventional angiography(CA) and cerebral blood flow(CBF) studies using 99m Tc-HMPAO SPECT or H2O15-PET with or without diamox enhancement, and focusing on changes following surgery for EDAS. (jkns.or.kr)
Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a non-invasive and fast method. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) did not describe them due to clip-induced artifact (arrow, b), but pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA)-MRA revealed the arteries (arrow, c). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Atlas of arteries of the brain on a Time-Of-Flight (TOF) Magnetic Resonance Angiography â ¦ This is a revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography published in 2011. (teknotasarim.com)
All subjects underwent quantitative Magnetic Resonance Angiography (QMRA) study with a standard NOVA head-and-neck protocol (VasSol, Inc., Chicago). (ismrm.org)
This case report documents one of the few reported cases of cerebral angiography-related transient global amnesia associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of unilateral hippocampal ischemia, most probably as a consequence of a transient reduction in regional hippocampal blood flow. (ovid.com)

We report 2 consecutive cases of successful local intra-arterial thrombolysis (LIT) for embolic stroke of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) during diagnostic coronary angiography that resulted in complete neurological recovery. (ahajournals.org)
Background- Intra-arterial cerebral angiography is associated with a low risk for neurological complications, but clinically silent ischemic events after angiography have been seen in a substantial number of patients. (ahajournals.org)
Conclusions- Air filters and heparin both reduce the incidence of silent ischemic events detected by DW-MRI after intra-arterial cerebral angiography and can potentially lower clinically overt ischemic complications. (ahajournals.org)
To determine the sensitivity and specificity of transcranial Doppler in detecting significant (greater than or equal to 50% lumen diameter reduction) intracranial arterial lesions, we compared transcranial Doppler and cerebral angiography in a primarily young, symptomatic group of 33 patients (18 males and 15 females) with sickle cell disease. (ahajournals.org)
Imaging of the cerebral arterial circle (CAC) is essential in neurovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke for detecting arterial occlusions and evaluating arterial supply, and in subarachnoid or intralobar hemorrhage for detecting intracranial malformations. (inserm.fr)
Single-vessel cervical arterial dissections typically occur in young adults and are a common cause of cerebral ischemia and stroke. (isharonline.org)
We retrospectively reviewed 12 cases of arterial dissections complicating cerebral angiography and cerebrovascular interventions to evaluate the clinical course of these dissections. (elsevier.com)
CONCLUSION: Arterial dissections are an uncommon complication of cerebral angiography and cerebrovascular interventions and usually have a benign clinical course. (elsevier.com)
Dion, Jacques E. / Arterial dissections complicating cerebral angiography and cerebrovascular interventions . (elsevier.com)
Femoral artery - An artery located in the groin area that is the most frequently accessed site for arterial puncture in angiography. (thefreedictionary.com)

Which specific anatomical features of posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke may be identified on angiography? (medscape.com)
Posterior cerebral artery territory infarcts in the New England Medical Center Posterior Circulation Registry. (medscape.com)
Posterior cerebral artery territory infarcts: clinical features, infarct topography, causes and outcome. (medscape.com)
Capitani E, Laiacona M, Pagani R, Capasso R, Zampetti P, Miceli G. Posterior cerebral artery infarcts and semantic category dissociations: a study of 28 patients. (medscape.com)
Coronary angiography, performed from the femoral approach with 6F catheters, excluded coronary artery disease. (ahajournals.org)
Bow Hunter's syndrome: surgical vertebral artery decompression guided by dynamic intraoperative angiography. (bioportfolio.com)
By a retrospective designed method, we analyzed the aortocranial angiography from patients of TIA accomplicated with T2D who were detected by DSA, in order to realize the influence of T2D on cerebral artery blood vessel and provide scientific basis for secondary prevention of patients with TIA and T2D. (alliedacademies.org)
CTA described M1 and M2 portion of the middle cerebral artery and the vicinity of the clip in detail (arrow, Figure 1a ). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
On angiography, her basilar artery was filled with intraluminal clot while the vertebral arteries were normal. (isharonline.org)
In 3 patients, angiography documented dissection of the extracranial 3rd segment of the vertebral artery near the atlantoaxial joint. (isharonline.org)
Angiography showed a simple and direct fistula between the third segment of the right vertebral artery and the epidural veins at the C-1 level, where the artery runs backward above the arch of the C-1 just proximal to the penetration of the dura. (isharonline.org)

This book offers detailed guidance on the diagnostic use of cerebral angiography based on precise description of the angiographic appearances of normal anatomy and pathological conditions. (frohberg.de)
Cerebral Angiography is a comprehensive and well-illustrated guide to the diagnostic use of cerebral angiography. (teknotasarim.com)

Cerebral thromboembolism is an uncommon but serious complication of cardiac catheterization. (ahajournals.org)
There was no neurological complication during or after angiography. (ahajournals.org)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Iatrogenic dissections are an uncommon complication of cerebral angiography. (elsevier.com)
Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and is strongly associated with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). (heart.org)
Transient global amnesia is now considered a very rare complication of cerebral angiography. (ovid.com)

Methods We retrospectively reviewed 168 patients who underwent cerebral angiography with a diagnosis of IE or infected left ventricular assist device at the Cleveland Clinic between January 2003 and March 2010 in accordance with institutional review board guidelines. (bmj.com)
Methods: Radiation dose received at left outer canthus (LOC) and left eyelid (LE) were measured using Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor dosimeters on 35 pa- tients who underwent diagnostic or cerebral embolization procedures. (edu.au)

METHODS One thousand consecutive cerebral angiographic procedures were evaluated prospectively. (ajnr.org)
7,8 Moreover, silent cerebral embolism has also been shown in extracranial angiographic procedures. (ahajournals.org)

Also called cerebral arteriography . (oup.com)
Arteriography is a type of angiography that involves the study of the arteries. (encyclopedia.com)

Angiography can be used to help detect and diagnose acute stroke. (memorialcare.org)
A CT protocol in the diagnostic work-up of ischaemic stroke usually includes a non-contrast-enhanced CT (NCCT), head and neck CT angiography (CTA) and cerebral CT perfusion (CTP). (springer.com)
The older you are, the greater the risk for a TIA or a stroke after a cerebral angiography. (vidanthealth.com)

Speckle contrast based optical coherence angiography (OCA) and optical coherence Doppler tomography (ODT) have been applied to image cerebral blood flow previously. (osapublishing.org)
Suspected mechanisms of seizure were a cerebral blood flow change induced by BTO and neurotoxicity of accumulated contrast medium. (scirp.org)
To investigate the feasibility of low-concentration contrast media (LC-CM) in cerebral and cervical dual-energy CT angiography (DE-CTA) using an advanced monoenergetic (Mono+) reconstruction technique. (springer.com)
Sixty-five consecutive patients prospectively selected to undergo cerebral and cervical DE-CTA were randomised into two groups: 32 patients (63.7 ± 9.7 years) in the high-concentration contrast medium (HC-CM) group with iopromide 370 and 33 patients (60.7 ± 10.8 years) in the low-concentration contrast medium (LC-CM) group with iodixanol 270. (springer.com)
This requires a second injection of contrast material, additional examination time and may result in additional radiation exposure if the scan range overlaps with the cerebral CTP. (springer.com)
Patients with kidney disease or injury may suffer further kidney damage from the contrast mediums used for angiography. (encyclopedia.com)

Our aim was to compare CE MRV, 2D time-of-flight (TOF) MRV and MP-RAGE sequences at 3 T for visualization of cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis. (em-consulte.com)
Patients with suspected or known cerebral venous thrombosis were examined prospectively by TOF MRV, CE MRV and MP-RAGE sequences. (em-consulte.com)
CE MRV was superior to TOF MRV and MP-RAGE sequences in visualizing cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis. (em-consulte.com)
arteriovenous fistula MR angiography, and especially Gd-enhanced 3D MRA, has recently emerged and offers excellent visualization of venous morphology from multiple orientations. (ineas.org)

In this third edition, every chapter has been thoroughly revised and enlarged to reflect new knowledge and Cerebral Angiography : Normal Anatomy and Variations in Adults and Children By JOHN R. BENTSON, M.D., AND GABRIEL H. WILSON, M.D. Cerebral Angiography. (teknotasarim.com)

Intraoperative Fluorescence Cerebral Angiography by Laser Surgical Microscopy: Comparison With Xenon Microscopy and Simultaneous Observation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Surrounding Structures. (bioportfolio.com)
Pediatric Moyamoya Disease: Perioperative Cerebral Blood Flow and MR Angiography Studies. (jkns.or.kr)

This use of angiography as an indirect assessment tool is nowadays obsolete as modern non-invasive diagnostic methods are available to image many kinds of primary intracranial abnormalities directly. (wikipedia.org)
Few clinical investigations have been performed that evaluate the efficacy of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in the assessment of extracranial-intracranial bypass. (elsevier.com)

In recent decades, cerebral angiography has so assumed a therapeutic connotation thanks to the elaboration of endovascular therapeutic techniques. (wikipedia.org)
While the emphasis throughout is on the diagnostic value of cerebral angiography, many examples of endovascular treatment in different pathological situations are also presented, with discussion of indications, risks and results. (springer.com)
In addition, angiography is required as a precursor to endovascular treatments. (medscape.com)

Aim of this clinical study is to establish a novel technique, the so called intraoperative fluorescence angiography, for kidney graft perfusion visualization during the transplant procedur. (bioportfolio.com)

CT angiography (CTA) combines a CT scan with the injection of dye. (stlukes-stl.com)

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of 64-section MD-CTA in the detection and characterization of anatomical variations of the ACAC compared with three-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA). (inserm.fr)
Eight (72.7%) of the 11 patients experienced rebleeding during three-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA). (bvsalud.org)

In conclusion, it may be stated that although definitive diagnosis requires further improvement in the delineation of fine vasculature, MRA promises to become a useful alternative to conventional angiography in the diagnosis and postoperative evaluation of MMD. (jkns.or.kr)

Complete AVM obliteration was demonstrated on intraoperative angiography in all cases. (nih.gov)

Embolization (a minimally invasive surgical technique) over time has played an increasingly significant role in the multimodal treatment of cerebral MAVs, facilitating subsequent microsurgical or radiosurgical treatment. (wikipedia.org)

A 77-year-old woman with severe valvular aortic stenosis was admitted to our catheterization laboratory for a preoperative coronary angiography. (ahajournals.org)
We conducted a preoperative angiography and a BTO of the right ICA to evaluate collateral flows. (scirp.org)
Preoperative determination of cerebral localization helps surgeons to plan the extent of surgery and to avoid creation of postoperative language deficits in the patient. (cancerstreatment.com)

The Mono+ reconstruction technique could reduce the concentration of iodinated CM in the diagnosis of cerebral and cervical angiography. (springer.com)

Lastly, the most common complications of cerebral angiography are detailed. (springer.com)
Neurologic complications of cerebral angiography. (ajnr.org)
PURPOSE To examine the incidence of neurologic complications associated with modern cerebral angiography and to assess patient characteristics associated with an increased risk of complications. (ajnr.org)
RESULTS There were a total of 10 neurologic complications within 24 hours of angiography, 5 of which were persistent. (ajnr.org)

The video describes diagnostic cerebral angiography as performed in Interventional Neuroradiology . (wn.com)
A video developed by the Johns Hopkins Division of Interventional Neuroradiology to describe diagnostic cerebral angiography for patients. (neuromedica.com)

CONCLUSION Cerebral angiography was associated with a 1% overall incidence of neurologic deficit and a 0.5% incidence of persistent deficit. (ajnr.org)

We advocate use of the mechanical injector by radiologists who perform regular angiography to reduce their exposure to radiation. (openrepository.com)

In addition, cerebral angiography allows certain treatments to be performed immediately, based on its findings. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy32

Organisms1

Diseases79

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment77

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes17

Information Science7

Health Care16

Intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Observations after experience with computerised tomography. (1/3177)

Computerised axial tomography in patients with severe migraine: a preliminary report. (2/3177)

Two similar cases of encephalopathy, possibly a reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: serial findings of magnetic resonance imaging, SPECT and angiography. (3/3177)

Large and giant middle to lower basilar trunk aneurysms treated by surgical and interventional neuroradiological methods. (4/3177)

Combined carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass graft. (5/3177)

Angiographical extravasation of contrast medium in hemorrhagic infarction. Case report. (6/3177)

Carotid endarterectomy and intracranial thrombolysis: simultaneous and staged procedures in ischemic stroke. (7/3177)

Surgical treatment of internal carotid artery anterior wall aneurysm with extravasation during angiography--case report. (8/3177)

Cerebral Angiography

Angiography

Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Angiography, Digital Subtraction

Coronary Angiography

Cerebral Arteries

Intracranial Aneurysm

Cerebral Infarction

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Cerebrovascular Circulation

Cerebral Veins

Cranial Sinuses

Vertebral Artery

Moyamoya Disease

Carotid Artery, Internal

Cerebral Hemorrhage

Posterior Cerebral Artery

Ischemic Attack, Transient

Circle of Willis

Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations

Cerebrovascular Disorders

Middle Cerebral Artery

Aneurysm, Ruptured

Brain Ischemia

Fluorescein Angiography

Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis

Cerebral Revascularization

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Vasospasm, Intracranial

Basilar Artery

Embolization, Therapeutic

Arterial Occlusive Diseases

Cerebral Arterial Diseases

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Cerebral Palsy

Vasculitis, Central Nervous System

Carotid Artery Diseases

Brain

Contrast Media

Carotid Stenosis

Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency

Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial

Intracranial Arteriosclerosis

Blindness, Cortical

Craniotomy

Arteriovenous Fistula

Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic

Endarterectomy

Collateral Circulation

Arteriovenous Malformations

Blood Flow Velocity

Carotid Arteries

Intracranial Embolism

Neurologic Examination

Neurosurgical Procedures

Hematoma, Subdural

Cranial Fossa, Anterior

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery

Constriction, Pathologic

Sensitivity and Specificity

Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula

Prospective Studies

Cavernous Sinus

Vertebral Artery Dissection

Treatment Outcome

Malaria, Cerebral

Surgical Instruments

Temporal Arteries

Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial

Coma

Lateral Medullary Syndrome

Headache

Follow-Up Studies

Retrospective Studies

Radionuclide Angiography

Intracranial Hemorrhages

Aneurysm, Infected

Hematoma