Cercopithecus
Cercopithecus aethiops
Genes, vpu
Monkey Diseases
Erythrocebus patas
Cameroon
Simian immunodeficiency virus
Cercopithecinae
Haplorhini
Simian T-lymphotropic virus 3
Cercocebus
Yaba monkey tumor virus
Deltaretrovirus Infections
Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Animals, Wild
Pan troglodytes
Genes, env
Species Specificity
Molecular Sequence Data
Weissella
Acacia
Gastrodia
Leuconostocaceae
Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
The distribution of the chorda tympani in the middle ear area in man and two other primates. (1/115)
A serial section study of the distribution of the chorda tympani in the middle ear area was carried out in man, baboon and monkey. The tissues innervated by the chorda tympani could be related to a branchiomeric pattern. The early branches distributed post-trematic facial nerve fibres to hyoid arch tissues, where they were joined by elements from glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. The rest of the distribution was to structures derived from mandibular arch tissue where branches of the auriculotemporal nerve were also present. Contributions to perivascular plexuses were noted as well as a connexion with the otic ganglion. (+info)Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from sun-tailed monkeys (Cercopithecus solatus): evidence for host-dependent evolution of SIV within the C. lhoesti superspecies. (2/115)
Recently we reported the characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVlhoest) from a central African l'hoest monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti lhoesti) that revealed a distant relationship to SIV isolated from a mandrill (SIVmnd). The present report describes a novel SIV (SIVsun) isolated from a healthy, wild-caught sun-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti solatus), another member of the l'hoest superspecies. SIVsun replicated in a variety of human T-cell lines and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of macaques (Macaca spp.) and patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). A full-length infectious clone of SIVsun was derived, and genetic analysis revealed that SIVsun was most closely related to SIVlhoest, with an amino acid identity of 71% in Gag, 73% in Pol, and 67% in Env. This degree of similarity is reminiscent of that observed between SIVagm isolates from vervet, grivet, and tantalus species of African green monkeys. The close relationship between SIVsun and SIVlhoest, despite their geographically distinct habitats, is consistent with evolution from a common ancestor, providing further evidence for the ancient nature of the primate lentivirus family. In addition, this observation leads us to suggest that the SIVmnd lineage should be designated the SIVlhoest lineage. (+info)Uniformity of colour vision in Old World monkeys. (3/115)
It is often assumed that all Old World monkeys share the same trichromatic colour vision, but the evidence in support of this conclusion is sparse as only a small fraction of all Old World monkey species have been tested. To address this issue, spectral sensitivity functions were measured in animals from eight species of Old World monkey (five cercopithecine species and three colobine species) using a non-invasive electrophysiological technique. Each of the 25 animals examined had spectrally well-separated middle- and long-wavelength cone pigments. Cone pigments maximally sensitive to short wavelengths were also detected, implying the presence of trichromatic colour vision. Direct comparisons of the spectral sensitivity functions of Old World monkeys suggest there are no significant variations in the spectral positions of the cone pigments underlying the trichromatic colour vision of Old World monkeys. (+info)The pathology of untreated and antibiotic-treated experimental tularaemia in monkeys. (4/115)
Grivet monkeys were infected intranasally with the virulent Schu-S4 strain of F. tularensis. One group of animals remained untreated and two other groups received a 7-day course of kanamycin therapy starting on either the third or fourth day after infection. Untreated monkeys developed pyrexia and mucopurulent oculonasal discharge and died 5--7 days after infection. All had pyogranulomatous lesions in the liver, spleen, respiratory tract and lymph nodes. Electron microscopy of liver and spleen showed phagocytosis of F. tularensis organisms by macrophages and polymorphonuclear leucocytes, but many bacteria survived phagocytosis and were released on destruction of the cells. Kanamycin therapy enabled most monkeys to survive the disease, but it did not prevent the development of persistent lesions in all animals. Caseous nodules were larger and more widespread in the organs of monkeys in which treatment was delayed until the fourth day of infection. (+info)Changes in whole blood and serum components of grivet monkeys with experimental respiratory Francisella tularensis infection. (5/115)
Grivet monkeys infected with virulent Francisella tularensis Strain Schu S4 showed significant early changes in serum levels of trace metals, triglycerides and activities of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. Free amino acid levels decreased slightly and there was a marked increase in the phenylalanine: tyrosine ratio. Serum lysozyme activity and seromucoid levels also increased. Kanamycin therapy produced remission of overt signs but the changes in blood constituents were less readily affected. Immunization with the live vaccine strain of F. tularensis induced transient responses similar to those resulting from Schut S4 infection. Immunized monkeys subsequently challenged with the virulent Schu S4 strain showed no clinical signs or marked changes in blood constituents. (+info)Late transcription and simultaneous replication of simian adenovirus 7 DNA as revealed by spreading lytically infected cell cultures. (6/115)
Miller's technique of spreading DNA was applied to monkey cells productively infected with simian adenovirus 7. This permitted the visualization of cellular DNA transcription, both nucleolar and non-nucleolar, and of late transcription and replication of virus. Virus double-stranded DNA, thin fibres with very few nucleosome-like particles, were observed carrying either transcription or replication complexes. In addition, both RNP transcripts and replication forks were found on some virus duplex DNA. Virus single-stranded DNA replicative intermediates were identified on the basis of their increased thickness and contrast which results from the presence of a DNA binding protein. (+info)Patterns of genomic sequence diversity among their simian immunodeficiency viruses suggest that L'Hoest monkeys (Cercopithecus lhoesti) are a natural lentivirus reservoir. (7/115)
Recently, we described a novel simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVlhoest) from a wild-caught L'Hoest monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti) from a North American zoo. To investigate whether L'Hoest monkeys are the natural host for these viruses, we have screened blood samples from 14 wild animals from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Eight (57%) were found to be seropositive for SIV. Nearly full-length genome sequences were obtained for SIV isolates from three of these monkeys and compared to the original isolate and to other SIVs. The four samples of SIVlhoest formed a distinct cluster in phylogenetic trees. Two of these isolates differed on average at only about 5% of nucleotides, suggesting that they were epidemiologically linked; otherwise, the SIVlhoest isolates differed on average by 18%. Both the level of diversity and the pattern of its variation along the genome were very similar to those seen among isolates of SIVagm from vervet monkeys, pointing to similarities in the nature of, and constraints on, SIV evolution in these two species. Discordant phylogenetic relationships among the SIVlhoest isolates for different genomic regions indicated that mosaic viruses have been generated by recombination, implying that individual monkeys have been coinfected by more than one strain of SIV. Taken together, these observations provide strong evidence that L'Hoest monkeys constitute a natural reservoir for SIV. (+info)Interspecies semantic communication in two forest primates. (8/115)
West African Diana monkeys (Cercopithecus diana) and Campbell's monkeys (Cercopithecus campbelli) frequently form mixed-species associations. Males of both species produce acoustically distinct alarm calls to crowned eagles (Stephanoaetus coronalus) and leopards (Panthera pardus), two of their main predators. Field playback experiments were conducted to investigate whether Diana monkeys respond to Campbell's alarm calls and whether they understand the calls' semantic content. Diana monkeys responded to playback of Campbell's leopard or eagle alarm calls as though the original predator were present. In a second experiment, Diana monkeys were primed with either Campbell's eagle or leopard alarm calls and then subsequently probed with the vocalizations of a crowned eagle or a leopard. Results showed that monkeys used the semantic information conveyed by the Campbell's alarm calls to predict the presence of a predator. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that non-human primates are able to use acoustic signals of diverse origin as labels for underlying mental representations. (+info)Some common types of monkey diseases include:
1. Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV): A virus that affects nonhuman primates and is closely related to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). SIV can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or contaminated needles.
2. Ebola virus disease: A severe and often deadly illness caused by the Ebola virus, which is transmitted through contact with infected bodily fluids.
3. Herpes B virus: A virus that can cause a range of illnesses in nonhuman primates, including respiratory infections, skin lesions, and neurological symptoms.
4. Tuberculosis: A bacterial infection that affects both humans and nonhuman primates, and is transmitted through the air when an infected animal or person coughs or sneezes.
5. Rabies: A viral infection that affects the central nervous system and can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals, usually through bites or scratches.
6. Yellow fever: A viral infection that is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito, and can cause fever, jaundice, and hemorrhagic symptoms.
7. Kyasanur Forest disease: A viral infection that is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected tick, and can cause fever, headache, and hemorrhagic symptoms.
8. Monkeypox: A viral infection that is similar to smallpox and is transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or contaminated surfaces.
9. Meningitis: An inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, which can be caused by a range of bacterial and viral infections.
10. Encephalitis: An inflammation of the brain, which can be caused by a range of viral and bacterial infections.
It is important to note that many of these diseases are rare in humans and may not be commonly encountered in everyday practice. However, it is important for healthcare providers to be aware of these diseases and their potential transmission routes in order to provide appropriate care and prevention measures for patients.
The most common deltaretrovirus infection is HIV, which has become a major global health concern since its discovery in the early 1980s. HIV primarily infects CD4+ T cells, which are essential for cell-mediated immunity and immune responses. As HIV progressively destroys these cells, the body becomes less able to fight off infections and cancers.
Other deltaretrovirus infections include SIV, which affects nonhuman primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees, and FIV, which affects domestic cats. These viruses are similar to HIV in terms of their molecular structure and replication strategies but have some differences in their host range and disease progression.
Deltaretrovirus infections can be diagnosed through blood tests that detect the presence of viral antigens or genetic material. Treatment typically involves antiretroviral therapy (ART), which combines several drugs to suppress viral replication and slow disease progression. However, the virus can develop resistance to these drugs over time, making it essential to monitor treatment response and adjust medications as needed.
Prevention strategies for deltaretrovirus infections include safe sex practices such as using condoms, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication for high-risk individuals, and avoiding sharing needles or other injection equipment. Vaccines are also being developed to prevent HIV and other deltaretrovirus infections.
SAIDS was first identified in the 1980s in monkeys that were being used in research laboratories, and it has since been studied extensively as a model for HIV/AIDS research. Like HIV/AIDS, SAIDS is caused by the transmission of a virus from one animal to another through contact with infected bodily fluids, such as blood or semen.
The symptoms of SAIDS are similar to those of HIV/AIDS and include fever, fatigue, weight loss, and opportunistic infections. As the disease progresses, animals may also experience neurological symptoms, such as seizures and difficulty coordinating movements.
There is currently no cure for SAIDS, and treatment is focused on managing the symptoms and preventing complications. Research into the disease has led to a greater understanding of the immunopathogenesis of HIV/AIDS and has contributed to the development of new therapies for the disease.
SAIDS is important in medical research because it provides a valuable model for studying the immunopathogenesis of HIV/AIDS and for testing new therapies and vaccines. It also serves as a reminder of the importance of strict safety protocols when working with infectious agents, particularly in laboratory settings.
Lesser spot-nosed monkey
Wolf's mona monkey
Dogu'a Tembien
List of primates by population
Greater spot-nosed monkey
Lowe's mona monkey
Edumanom Forest Reserve
The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates
Hamlyn's monkey
White-throated guenon
Crested mona monkey
List of Old World monkey species
Moustached guenon
Dent's mona monkey
Campbell's mona monkey
L'Hoest's monkey
Diana monkey
List of mammals of North America
Roloway monkey
Lesula
De Brazza's monkey
Sclater's guenon
Red-eared guenon
List of introduced mammal species
Mona monkey
Leopard
Golden monkey
Franz Stuhlmann
Silver monkey
Sykes' monkey
Weissella confusa Infection in Primate (Cercopithecus mona) - Volume 9, Number 10-October 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases...
https://www.bioexplorer.net/animals/mammals/monkeys/hamlyns-monkey/
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WHO HQ Library catalog
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Aethiops2
Mitis1
- The Influence Of Temporal Changes In Fruit Availability On Diet Composition And Seed Handling In Blue Monkeys ( Cercopithecus Mitis Doggetti . (figweb.org)
Hamlyni2
- The Hamlyn's monkey [1] ( Cercopithecus hamlyni ), also called the owl-faced monkey, is an Old World monkey inhabiting the Congo's bamboo and primary rain forests. (bioexplorer.net)
- The fur of an adult Cercopithecus hamlyni is black and olive-gray. (bioexplorer.net)
Cercopithecidae1
- Cercopithecidae Cercopithecus spp. (j-monkey.jp)
Ascanius1
- 16. Uterine epithelioid trophoblastic tumour in a red-tailed guenon (Cercopithecus ascanius). (nih.gov)
Campbelli1
- Like other social species , Campbell's monkeys ( Cercopithecus campbelli ) have warning calls to alert fellow members of their troupe to danger. (iflscience.com)
Pygerythrus1
- One can identify the Vervet Monkey ( Cercopithecus pygerythrus ) by the green coloring of parts of its face, such coloring caused by black and yellow hair matting together. (boneclones.com)
Monkey2
- We describe the first systemic infection by Weissella confusa in a mona monkey ( Cercopithecus mona ) on the basis of microbiologic, molecular genetic, and histologic data. (cdc.gov)
- A juvenile female mona monkey ( Cercopithecus mona ) was found dead without clinical signs of disease in the previous 24 h. (cdc.gov)
Mona2
- We describe the first systemic infection by Weissella confusa in a mona monkey ( Cercopithecus mona ) on the basis of microbiologic, molecular genetic, and histologic data. (cdc.gov)
- A juvenile female mona monkey ( Cercopithecus mona ) was found dead without clinical signs of disease in the previous 24 h. (cdc.gov)