Centrifugation, Isopycnic
A technique used to separate particles according to their densities in a continuous density gradient. The sample is usually mixed with a solution of known gradient materials and subjected to centrifugation. Each particle sediments to the position at which the gradient density is equal to its own. The range of the density gradient is usually greater than that of the sample particles. It is used in purifying biological materials such as proteins, nucleic acids, organelles, and cell types.
Centrifugation, Density Gradient
Centrifugation
Process of using a rotating machine to generate centrifugal force to separate substances of different densities, remove moisture, or simulate gravitational effects. It employs a large motor-driven apparatus with a long arm, at the end of which human and animal subjects, biological specimens, or equipment can be revolved and rotated at various speeds to study gravitational effects. (From Websters, 10th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Centrifugation, Zonal
Cell Fractionation
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Subcellular Fractions
Components of a cell produced by various separation techniques which, though they disrupt the delicate anatomy of a cell, preserve the structure and physiology of its functioning constituents for biochemical and ultrastructural analysis. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p163)
Povidone
Cesium
Diatrizoate
Sucrose
Ultracentrifugation
Acid Phosphatase
Phosphotungstic Acid
Tungsten hydroxide oxide phosphate. A white or slightly yellowish-green, slightly efflorescent crystal or crystalline powder. It is used as a reagent for alkaloids and many other nitrogen bases, for phenols, albumin, peptone, amino acids, uric acid, urea, blood, and carbohydrates. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Organoids
Lysosomes
A class of morphologically heterogeneous cytoplasmic particles in animal and plant tissues characterized by their content of hydrolytic enzymes and the structure-linked latency of these enzymes. The intracellular functions of lysosomes depend on their lytic potential. The single unit membrane of the lysosome acts as a barrier between the enzymes enclosed in the lysosome and the external substrate. The activity of the enzymes contained in lysosomes is limited or nil unless the vesicle in which they are enclosed is ruptured. Such rupture is supposed to be under metabolic (hormonal) control. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Cell Membrane
Nucleotidases
Metrizamide
Digitonin
Chromatography, Gel
Hydrolases
Any member of the class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the substrate and the addition of water to the resulting molecules, e.g., ESTERASES, glycosidases (GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES), lipases, NUCLEOTIDASES, peptidases (PEPTIDE HYDROLASES), and phosphatases (PHOSPHORIC MONOESTER HYDROLASES). EC 3.
Membranes
Liver
Microbodies
Carbon Isotopes
Electron Transport Complex IV
A multisubunit enzyme complex containing CYTOCHROME A GROUP; CYTOCHROME A3; two copper atoms; and 13 different protein subunits. It is the terminal oxidase complex of the RESPIRATORY CHAIN and collects electrons that are transferred from the reduced CYTOCHROME C GROUP and donates them to molecular OXYGEN, which is then reduced to water. The redox reaction is simultaneously coupled to the transport of PROTONS across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Rabbits
Hexosaminidases
Culture Techniques
Methods of maintaining or growing biological materials in controlled laboratory conditions. These include the cultures of CELLS; TISSUES; organs; or embryo in vitro. Both animal and plant tissues may be cultured by a variety of methods. Cultures may derive from normal or abnormal tissues, and consist of a single cell type or mixed cell types.
Detergents
Succinate Dehydrogenase
Microsomes
Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Amino Acids
Phospholipids
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
Monoamine Oxidase
An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of naturally occurring monoamines. It is a flavin-containing enzyme that is localized in mitochondrial membranes, whether in nerve terminals, the liver, or other organs. Monoamine oxidase is important in regulating the metabolic degradation of catecholamines and serotonin in neural or target tissues. Hepatic monoamine oxidase has a crucial defensive role in inactivating circulating monoamines or those, such as tyramine, that originate in the gut and are absorbed into the portal circulation. (From Goodman and Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p415) EC 1.4.3.4.
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Solubility
Organelles
Hypergravity
Cattle
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Mucins
Intracellular Membranes
Muramidase
A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Cells, Cultured
Laryngeal Neoplasms
Filtration
Mitochondria
Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Mitochondria, Liver
Mitochondria in hepatocytes. As in all mitochondria, there are an outer membrane and an inner membrane, together creating two separate mitochondrial compartments: the internal matrix space and a much narrower intermembrane space. In the liver mitochondrion, an estimated 67% of the total mitochondrial proteins is located in the matrix. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p343-4)
Rats, Inbred Strains
RNA
A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Temperature
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Cathepsins
Carbon Radioisotopes
Cell Nucleus
Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Haplorhini
Staining and Labeling
Membrane Proteins
Immune Sera
Cytoplasm
Spectrophotometry
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A system of cisternae in the CYTOPLASM of many cells. In places the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the plasma membrane (CELL MEMBRANE) or outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. If the outer surfaces of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes are coated with ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum is said to be rough-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, ROUGH); otherwise it is said to be smooth-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, SMOOTH). (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Catalase
Glycoproteins
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)
Apolipoproteins
Protein components on the surface of LIPOPROTEINS. They form a layer surrounding the hydrophobic lipid core. There are several classes of apolipoproteins with each playing a different role in lipid transport and LIPID METABOLISM. These proteins are synthesized mainly in the LIVER and the INTESTINES.
Chromatography
Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.
Fibroblasts
Silicon Dioxide
Cricetinae
Macromolecular Substances
Kidney
Virus Replication
Lipoproteins
Lipid-protein complexes involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in the body. They are spherical particles consisting of a hydrophobic core of TRIGLYCERIDES and CHOLESTEROL ESTERS surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic free CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and APOLIPOPROTEINS. Lipoproteins are classified by their varying buoyant density and sizes.
Spermatozoa
Mature male germ cells derived from SPERMATIDS. As spermatids move toward the lumen of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, they undergo extensive structural changes including the loss of cytoplasm, condensation of CHROMATIN into the SPERM HEAD, formation of the ACROSOME cap, the SPERM MIDPIECE and the SPERM TAIL that provides motility.
Chemical Precipitation
Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose
Purification of gibberellic acid-induced lysosomes from wheat aleurone cells. (1/213)
Using isopycnic density gradient centrifugation, lysosomes were concentrated in a single region of a sucrose-Ficoll gradient (p = 1-10 g cm-3), well separated from most other cell organelles. Gibberellic acid-induced lysosomes were found to be rich in alpha-amylase and protease but not ribonuclease. The lysosomal band also contained a majority of the NADH2-cytochrome c reductase, a marker enzyme for endoplasmic reticulum, found in the gradient. Examination of electron micrographs revealed that a purified band of lyosomes contained at least 3 vesicle types, ranging in size from 0-1 to 0-5 mum. The significance of these findings to proposed mechanisms of action of gibberellic acid is discussed. (+info)Lectins as membrane components of mitochondria from Ricinus communis. (2/213)
1. Mitochondria were isolated from developing endosperm of Ricinus communis and were fractionated into outer membrane and inner membrane. The relative purity of the two membrane fractions was determined by marker enzymes. The fractions were also examined by negative-stain electron microscopy. 2. Membrane fractions were sequentially extracted in the following way. (a) Suspension in 0.5M-potassium phosphate, pH7.1; (b)suspension in 0.1M-EDTA (disodium salt)/0.05M-potassium phosphate, pH7.1; (c) sonication in 0.05M-potassium phosphate, pH7.1;(d)sonication in aq. Triton X-100 (0.1%). The membranes were pelleted by centrifugation at 100 000g for 15 min, between each step. Agglutination activity in the extracts was investigated by using trypsin-treated rabbit erythrocytes. 3. The addition of lactose to inner mitochondrial membrane resulted in the solubilization of part of the lectin activity, indicating that the protein was attached to the membrane via its carbohydrate-binding site. Pretreatment of the membranes with lactose before tha usual extraction procedure showed that lactose could extract lectins that normally required more harsh treatment of the membrane for solubilization. 4. Lectins extracted from inner membranes were purified by affinity chromatography on agarose gel. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of purified samples in sodium dodecyl sulphate indicated that at least part of the lectin present in inner mitochondrial membrane was identical with the R. communis agglutinin of mol.wt. 120 000. (+info)Transduction-like gene transfer in the methanogen Methanococcus voltae. (3/213)
Strain PS of Methanococcus voltae (a methanogenic, anaerobic archaebacterium) was shown to generate spontaneously 4.4-kbp chromosomal DNA fragments that are fully protected from DNase and that, upon contact with a cell, transform it genetically. This activity, here called VTA (voltae transfer agent), affects all markers tested: three different auxotrophies (histidine, purine, and cobalamin) and resistance to BES (2-bromoethanesulfonate, an inhibitor of methanogenesis). VTA was most effectively prepared by culture filtration. This process disrupted a fraction of the M. voltae cells (which have only an S-layer covering their cytoplasmic membrane). VTA was rapidly inactivated upon storage. VTA particles were present in cultures at concentrations of approximately two per cell. Gene transfer activity varied from a minimum of 2 x 10(-5) (BES resistance) to a maximum of 10(-3) (histidine independence) per donor cell. Very little VTA was found free in culture supernatants. The phenomenon is functionally similar to generalized transduction, but there is no evidence, for the time being, of intrinsically viral (i.e., containing a complete viral genome) particles. Consideration of VTA DNA size makes the existence of such viral particles unlikely. If they exist, they must be relatively few in number;perhaps they differ from VTA particles in size and other properties and thus escaped detection. Digestion of VTA DNA with the AluI restriction enzyme suggests that it is a random sample of the bacterial DNA, except for a 0.9-kbp sequence which is amplified relative to the rest of the bacterial chromosome. A VTA-sized DNA fraction was demonstrated in a few other isolates of M. voltae. (+info)Detection of serum proteins in the electrophoretic patterns of total proteins of mycoplasma cells. (4/213)
The contamination of mycoplasma cell preparations by serum proteins originating from culture medium was studied. A. laidlawii and M. arthritidis cells were grown in the presence of [14C]-aminoacids, and the cells were washed with 0-9% NaC1 by threefold centrifugation. Total proteins of the washed cells were analysed by SDS gel electrophoresis. Coomassie-stained electrophoretic patterns were compared with autoradiographs of the same gels. The stained electrophoretic pattern of washed A. laidlawii grown without serum was identical with autoradiographs of the same cells grown without or with serum. That of washed A. laidlawii grown with serum differed from the corresponding autoradiography by the presence of extra protein bands I, II, III, and IV with molecular weights of over 160,000, 80,000-87,000, 55,000 and 25,000, respectively. The same extra bands were found in stained electrophoretic patterns of washed: (a) A. laidlawii cells grown without serum and mixed with serum in the stationary phase, (b) M. arthritidis cells, as compared with their autoradiographs, (c) serum precipitate. The bands III and IV may be due to the heavy and light chains of gamma-globulin, the band II might belong to transferrin or to some component of complement. Acidification of serum to pH 5 brought about 100-fold rise of amount of serum precipitate, the number of bands in the electrophoretic pattern of the precipitate being also increased. Stained electrophoretic patterns of cells purified by twofold centrifugation in step sucrose density gradient (1-20-1-27 g./cm.3 for A. laidlawii, and 1-15-1-25 for M. arthritidis) contained no extra bands and matched completely with their autoradiographs. It was concluded that contamination of washed mycoplasma cells by serum proteins is mainly due to co-precipitation of aggregated serum proteins together with cells during centrifugation rather than to adsorption of serum proteins on the cell surface. (+info)A study of the intracellular and secreted forms of the MUC2 mucin from the PC/AA intestinal cell line. (5/213)
In this study we present data on the entire population of MUC2 molecules secreted from and within the cell layer of an intestinal cell line. The molecular size distribution of the extracted molecules and their reactivity with two different MUC2 polypeptide antibodies indicated the presence of precursor and mature forms of the mucin. Oligomerized forms of the mucin were found in both the cell layer and medium; however, precursor forms were confined to the cell layer. Isopycnic density gradient centrifugation gave good resolution of mature and precursor forms of MUC2 as assessed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Three different populations of MUC2 were identified: one at low density (>1.3 g/ml) containing the N-glycosylated, non-O-glycosylated polypeptide; a second at intermediate density (1.3-1.35 g/ml) which may represent partially O-glycosylated intermediates; and a third at high density (1.36-1.48 g/ml) containing the mature MUC2 mucins. Rate-zonal centrifugation and agarose electrophoretic analysis of the low-density fraction indicated that the N-glycosylated MUC2 polypeptide was present as putative monomer and dimer/oligomer species. The combination of isopycnic density gradient centrifugation with agarose electrophoresis provides a new and simple approach that allows us to follow the MUC2 gene product from polypeptide through to the mature glycosylated mucin. (+info)Isopycnic sedimentation of DNA in metrizamide: the effect of low concentrations of ions on buoyant density and hydration. (6/213)
Metrizamide, an inert, non-ionic organic compound, dissolves in water to give a dense solution in which DNA bands isopycnically at a density corresponding to that of fully hydrated DNA. Density-gradient centrifugation in solutions of metrizamide has been used to determine the effects of very dilute solutions of salts on the buoyant density of native and denatured DNA. It has been shown that the buoyant density of DNA is dependent on both the counter-cation and the anion present. Interpretation of the data in terms of the degree of hydration of the macromolecule indicates that (i), NaDNA is more highly hydrated than CsDNA; and (ii), the hydration of NaDNA varies with anion in the order sulphate< fluoride< chloride< bromide< iodide. It is suggested that isopycnic centrifugation in metrizamide is a simple method for determining the effects of salts (and other small molecules) on the hydration of nucleic acids under conditions of high ratios of salt to DNA (> 5 x 10(3) moles/mole) while high (0.999) water activity is maintained. (+info)Fractionation and characterization of satellite DNAs of the kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii). (7/213)
Nuclear DNA from liver cells of the kangaroo rat species Dipodomysordii was fractionated and characterized with the aid of buoyant density gradients in neutral and alkaline CsCl and in Ag(+)-Cs(2)SO(4). More than one-half of the DNA was present in three density satellites, a greater proportion than in any other species yet reported; the purified satellite DNAs were denser than principal DNA. All satellite fractions revealed sharp isopycnic bands and narrow denaturation profiles. Two had identical buoyant densities but differed substantially in T(m), base composition, and reassociation kinetics. In alkaline CsCl all three satellites, as well as a shoulder of intermediate repetitive DNA on the heavy side of the principal band, revealed unique strand densities. The most highly repetitive satellite was unusually rich in (G + C) and contained 6.7% of 5-methylcytosine. A survey of internal organs and spermatozoa of an adult male revealed no significant differences in distribution of the satellites among tissues. (+info)Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion density is not determined by nucleocapsid basic residues. (8/213)
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag polyprotein is sufficient for assembly and release of virion-like particles from the plasma membrane. To promote assembly, the Gag polyprotein must polymerize to form a shell that lines the inner membrane of nascent virions. Several techniques have been used to functionally map the domain required for Gag polymerization (the I domain). Among these methods, isopycnic centrifugation has been used under the assumption that changes in virion density reflect impairment in Gag-Gag interaction. If virion density is determined by efficient Gag-Gag interaction, then mutation of basic residues in the nucleocapsid (NC) domain should disrupt virion density, since these residues constitute the I domain. However, we have previously shown that simultaneous disruption of up to 10 HIV-1 NC basic residues has no obvious effect on virion density. To rule out the possibility that HIV-1 NC basic residues other than those previously mutated might be important for virion density, mutations were introduced at the remaining sites and the ability of these mutations to affect Gag-Gag interaction and virion density was analyzed. Included in our analysis is a mutant in which all NC basic residues are replaced with alanine. Our results show that disruption of HIV-1 NC basic residues has an enormous effect on Gag-Gag interaction but only a minimal effect on the density of those virions that are still produced. Therefore, the determinants of the I domain and of virion density are genetically distinguishable. (+info)
Centrifugation, isopycnic | Article about Centrifugation, isopycnic by The Free Dictionary
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Density gradient
Variations of this include Isopycnic centrifugation, Differential centrifugation, and Sucrose gradient centrifugation. A blood ...
Roland Douce
Neuburger M, Journet EP, Bligny R, Carde JP, Douce R (1982). "Purification of plant mitochondria by isopycnic centrifugation in ...
Protein
Another applicable technique is cofractionation in sucrose (or other material) gradients using isopycnic centrifugation. While ...
Caesium chloride
H2 Caesium chloride is widely used in centrifugation in a technique known as isopycnic centrifugation. Centripetal and ... Caesium chloride is widely used medicine structure in isopycnic centrifugation for separating various types of DNA. It is a ...
Caesium sulfate
It is a white water-soluble solid that is used to prepare dense aqueous solutions for use in isopycnic (or "density-gradient") ... centrifugation. It is isostructural with potassium salt. Coordination sphere of one of two types of Cs+ site in Cs2SO4. ...
Stable-isotope probing
... into them can be separated from biomarkers containing the more naturally abundant lighter isotope by isopycnic centrifugation. ... As the biomarker, DNA with 13C is then separated from DNA with 12C by centrifugation. Sequencing the DNA identifies which ...
Laboratory centrifuge
... used to separate certain organelles from whole cells for further analysis of specific parts of cells Isopycnic centrifugation, ... Centrifugation Methods. John Wiley & Sons, Mar 4, 2004, pp. 247-267. Frothingham, R (February 1999). "Centrifugation without a ... There are various types of centrifugation: Differential centrifugation, often ... Another potential hazard is the aerosolization of hazardous samples during centrifugation. To prevent contamination of the ...
List of MeSH codes (E05)
... centrifugation, density gradient MeSH E05.181.724.336.253 - centrifugation, isopycnic MeSH E05.181.724.336.336 - centrifugation ... centrifugation, density gradient MeSH E05.196.941.336.253 - centrifugation, isopycnic MeSH E05.196.941.336.419 - centrifugation ...
Isopycnic
... centrifugation refers to a method wherein a density gradient is either pre-formed or forms during high speed ... isopycnic centrifugation Isosteric v t e v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles ... An isopycnic surface is a surface of constant density inside a fluid. Isopycnic surfaces contrast with isobaric or isothermal ... Isopycnic surfaces are sometimes referred to as "iso-density" surfaces, although this is strictly incorrect. Isopycnic ...
Buoyant density centrifugation
... (also isopycnic centrifugation or equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation) uses the concept ... Isopycnic Satellite DNA Dumont, Marc G.; Murrell, J. Colin (June 2005). "Stable isotope probing - linking microbial identity to ...
Satellite DNA
"Isopycnic" is another term used for cryptic satellites. Satellite DNA, together with minisatellite and microsatellite DNA, ... Buoyant density centrifugation DNA profiling DNA supercoil Eukaryotic chromosome fine structure Gene expression Polymerase ... Skinner, Dorothy M.; Beattie, Wanda G. (September 1974). "Characterization of a pair of isopycnic twin crustacean satellite ... when genomic DNA is separated along a cesium chloride density gradient using buoyant density centrifugation. Sequences with a ...
IMSEAR at SEARO: Search
Isopycnic density gradient profile of MuLV of strain ICRC.. Joshi, J B; Pai, S R; Ranadive, K J; Sadasivan, E. ... 1 Centrifugation, Isopycnic. *1 Cheek. *1 Cricetinae. *1 Female. *1 Humans. *1 Leukemia --microbiology ...
Global Screening for Human Viral Pathogens - Volume 9, Number 7-July 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Separation of sub-cellular components and viruses by combined rate- and isopycnic-zonal centrifugation. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr ... Purification of large quantities of influenza virus by density gradient centrifugation. J Virol. 1967;1:1207-6.PubMedGoogle ... When the sedimentation coefficients of then-known viruses were plotted against their isopycnic banding densities, nearly all ... The initial choice is between filtration and centrifugation. Seawater contains little contaminating material of the size and ...
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Categories: Centrifugation, Isopycnic Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Global Screening for Human Viral Pathogens - Volume 9, Number 7-July 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Separation of sub-cellular components and viruses by combined rate- and isopycnic-zonal centrifugation. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr ... Purification of large quantities of influenza virus by density gradient centrifugation. J Virol. 1967;1:1207-6.PubMedGoogle ... When the sedimentation coefficients of then-known viruses were plotted against their isopycnic banding densities, nearly all ... The initial choice is between filtration and centrifugation. Seawater contains little contaminating material of the size and ...
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
... analytical nature of this ultracentrifuge enabled the device to take concentration readings at any time of the centrifugation ...
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Categories: Centrifugation, Isopycnic Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Global Screening for Human Viral Pathogens - Volume 9, Number 7-July 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Separation of sub-cellular components and viruses by combined rate- and isopycnic-zonal centrifugation. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr ... Purification of large quantities of influenza virus by density gradient centrifugation. J Virol. 1967;1:1207-6.PubMedGoogle ... When the sedimentation coefficients of then-known viruses were plotted against their isopycnic banding densities, nearly all ... The initial choice is between filtration and centrifugation. Seawater contains little contaminating material of the size and ...
Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
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Global Screening for Human Viral Pathogens - Volume 9, Number 7-July 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Separation of sub-cellular components and viruses by combined rate- and isopycnic-zonal centrifugation. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr ... Purification of large quantities of influenza virus by density gradient centrifugation. J Virol. 1967;1:1207-6.PubMedGoogle ... When the sedimentation coefficients of then-known viruses were plotted against their isopycnic banding densities, nearly all ... The initial choice is between filtration and centrifugation. Seawater contains little contaminating material of the size and ...
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The membrane systems from broken protoplasts were separated by continuous isopycnic sucrose gradient centrifugation. ...
Neurological Disorders - Biocom California Institute Career Lab
Centrifugation (Differential/rate-zonal/isopycnic)(1). *Change Management(1). *Chromatography (Affinity/gel-filtration)(1) ...
PPT - Protein Purification PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:247898
Centrifugation Isopycnic (equal density) centrifugation: Molecules separated on EQUILIBRIUM POSITION, NOT by RATES of ... Centrifugation Zonal centrifugation: Mixture to be separated is layered on top of a gradient (e.g. sucrose or ficoll) ... Text Book Purification 1. Lysozyme treatment to release periplasmic proteins Centrifugation to separate soluble AP from cells ... 5. The basic techniques Concentration (size) precipitation ultrafiltration dialysis centrifugation Chromatography (size/charge/ ...
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Centrifugation (Differential/rate-zonal/isopycnic)(1). *Change Management(1). *Chromatography (Affinity/gel-filtration)(1) ...
The proteome of IVF-induced aberrant embryo-maternal crosstalk by implantation stage in ewes | Journal of Animal Science and...
Proteins (50 μg) were taken from each sample, and isopycnic samples were prepared by adding 8 mol/L urea solution. To reduce ... Centrifugation was repeated several times until the supernatant was colorless. The pellets were air-dried, dissolved in lysis ...
Distribution and properties of beta-adrenergic receptors in human iris-ciliary body
... from the iris-ciliary body of human eyes removed shortly after death were studied using membranes prepared by isopycnic ... centrifugation of tissue homogenates. This procedure separates uveal melanin pigment from plasma membranes and reduces ... iris-ciliary body of human eyes removed shortly after death were studied using membranes prepared by isopycnic centrifugation ... Preparations of iris-ciliary body were also subjected to microdissection prior to density gradient centrifugation to permit the ...
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Centrifugal techniques (e.g., differential, velocity sedimentation, velocity density, Isopycnic).. Experience. Undisclosed ... Miscellaneous separation techniques (e.g., dialysis, ultrafiltration, membrane centrifugation lyophilization).. *Immunochemical ...
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Centrifugation (Differential/rate-zonal/isopycnic)(1). *Change Management(1). *Chromatography (Affinity/gel-filtration)(1) ...
RESOLUTION OF THREE DISTINCT POPULATIONS OF NERVE ENDINGS FROM RAT BRAIN HOMOGENATES BY ZONAL ISOPYCNIC CENTRIFUGATION |...
... have been established for the fractionation of subcellular components of rat forebrain homogenates by zonal isopycnic ... RESOLUTION OF THREE DISTINCT POPULATIONS OF NERVE ENDINGS FROM RAT BRAIN HOMOGENATES BY ZONAL ISOPYCNIC CENTRIFUGATION Ursula ... RESOLUTION OF THREE DISTINCT POPULATIONS OF NERVE ENDINGS FROM RAT BRAIN HOMOGENATES BY ZONAL ISOPYCNIC CENTRIFUGATION . J Cell ... LYSOSOMES IN RAT THORACIC DUCT LYMPHOCYTES FRACTIONATED BY ZONAL CENTRIFUGATION STUDIES ON ISOLATED CELL COMPONENTS : XVII. The ...
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Buoyant density centrifugation - Wikipedia
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Distribution and properties of beta-adrenergic receptors in human iris-ciliary body
... from the iris-ciliary body of human eyes removed shortly after death were studied using membranes prepared by isopycnic ... centrifugation of tissue homogenates. This procedure separates uveal melanin pigment from plasma membranes and reduces ... iris-ciliary body of human eyes removed shortly after death were studied using membranes prepared by isopycnic centrifugation ... Preparations of iris-ciliary body were also subjected to microdissection prior to density gradient centrifugation to permit the ...
CCC- and WASH-mediated endosomal sorting of LDLR is required for normal clearance of circulating LDL | Nature Communications
Isopycnic centrifugation of murine liver lysates showed a marked overlap in the cellular distribution of LDLR with WASH ... Blood was drawn by heart puncture, and plasma was isolated by centrifugation at 3,000 r.p.m. for 10 min at 4 °C. ... Beads were collected by centrifugation (500g, 5 min), beads were washed 3 × with Biotin lysis buffer, 1 × with high-salt buffer ...
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Meselson and Stahl invented a specific type of density gradient centrifugation, called isopycnic centrifugation that used a ... Equilibrium Density Gradient Centrifugation in Cesium Chloride Solutions Developed by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl. ... Density gradient centrifugation enables scientists to separate substances based on size, shape, and density. ... Matthew Meselson, Franklin Stahl, and Jerome Vinograd, developed cesium chloride, or CsCl, density gradient centrifugation in ...
Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human cerebrospinal fluid | Journal of Translational Medicine | Full Text
These markers localized to a density consistent with exosomes following isopycnic centrifugation. Transmission electron ... The presence of exosomes was determined by western blot for marker proteins, isopycnic centrifugation on a sucrose step ... The presence of exosomes was determined by western blot for marker proteins, isopycnic centrifugation on a sucrose step ... D) Western blot for flotillin-1 and TSG101 on fractions obtained following isopycnic centrifugation. The exosomal markers were ...
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Acyl-CoA oxidase is imported as a heteropentameric, cofactor-containing complex into peroxisomes of Yarrowia lipolytica |...
C) The 20KgP fraction of the wild-type strain P01d grown in YPBO for 9 h was fractionated by isopycnic centrifugation on a ... C) The 20KgP fraction of the wild-type strain P01d grown in YPBO for 9 h was fractionated by isopycnic centrifugation on a ... by isopycnic centrifugation on a discontinuous sucrose density gradient (Titorenko et al., 1998) have been described. ... concentrated by centrifugation through a Biomax-30 filter, and clarified by centrifugation at 200,000 g for 30 min at 4°C in a ...
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PPT - Protein Purification PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:247898
Centrifugation Isopycnic (equal density) centrifugation: Molecules separated on EQUILIBRIUM POSITION, NOT by RATES of ... Centrifugation Zonal centrifugation: Mixture to be separated is layered on top of a gradient (e.g. sucrose or ficoll) ... Text Book Purification 1. Lysozyme treatment to release periplasmic proteins Centrifugation to separate soluble AP from cells ... 5. The basic techniques Concentration (size) precipitation ultrafiltration dialysis centrifugation Chromatography (size/charge/ ...
Protein Drug Products Expert including Enzymes, Antibodies and Antigens | CECON.com LLC
gene purification - Biocom California Institute Career Lab
Neurological Disorders - Biocom California Institute Career Lab
The proteome of IVF-induced aberrant embryo-maternal crosstalk by implantation stage in ewes | Journal of Animal Science and...
TDP-43 extracted from frontotemporal lobar degeneration subject brains displays distinct aggregate assemblies and neurotoxic...
VTi 50.1 Vertical Rotor Case Study with Adenovirus
Experiment purpose is to determine which rotor types provides the best resolution and throughput for isopycnic separations of ... There is a clear improvement in resolution when using a vertical rotor (C,D) for isopycnic density gradient separations, as ... Determine which rotor types provides the best resolution and throughput for isopycnic separations (e.g., when separating empty ...
Sucrose density gradients2
- Conditions have been established for the fractionation of subcellular components of rat forebrain homogenates by zonal isopycnic equilibration in continuous sucrose density gradients using a B-XIV rotor. (rupress.org)
- In order to identify surface exposed proteins in this species, membrane vesicles were isolated from B. pilosicoli strain 95-1000 cells by osmotic lysis in distilled water followed by isopycnic centrifugation in sucrose density gradients. (usda.gov)
Density6
- Buoyant density centrifugation (also isopycnic centrifugation or equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation) uses the concept of buoyancy to separate molecules in solution by their differences in density. (wikipedia.org)
- Preparations of iris-ciliary body were also subjected to microdissection prior to density gradient centrifugation to permit the study of beta-adrenergic receptors in the ciliary processes, ciliary body, and iris. (nih.gov)
- Centrifugation process is used to separate particles from a liquid sample depending on their shape, size, density, viscosity of medium, and rotor speed. (emergenresearch.com)
- Centrifuge devices follow several ultra-centrifugal separation techniques such as ultrafiltration, density gradient, pelleting, phase separation, and isopycnic as per application requirement. (emergenresearch.com)
- These markers localized to a density consistent with exosomes following isopycnic centrifugation. (biomedcentral.com)
- There is a clear improvement in resolution when using a vertical rotor (C,D) for isopycnic density gradient separations, as seen by the emergence of a third band. (beckman.com)
Homogenates1
- beta-Adrenergic receptors from the iris-ciliary body of human eyes removed shortly after death were studied using membranes prepared by isopycnic centrifugation of tissue homogenates. (nih.gov)
Separations1
- Determine which rotor types provides the best resolution and throughput for isopycnic separations (e.g., when separating empty and filled adenovirus particles). (beckman.com)
Techniques1
- When the sedimentation coefficients of libraries, carry out shotgun sequencing of the mixture of then-known viruses were plotted against their isopycnic viral genomes, and reconstruct these genomes in silico banding densities, nearly all viruses fell into an otherwise with the techniques originally developed to sequence the essentially vacant area in the center of the plot, surround- entire human genome from random fragments. (cdc.gov)
Particles2
- Biological centrifugation is the process that employs centrifugal force to divide solutions of biological particles. (plenmedical.com)
- The choice of centrifugation technique based on the nature of the particles and often above one separation technique is compulsory for example, membrane fractionation often involves first making an enriched fraction from a cell homogenate by differential pelleting followed by isopycnic. (migdaliadenis.com)
Sucrose1
- the inner or cytoplasmic membrane fraction of the cell envelope of escherichia coli was isolated by isopycnic centrifugation on sucrose gradients. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Viruses1
- When the sedimentation coefficients of libraries, carry out shotgun sequencing of the mixture of then-known viruses were plotted against their isopycnic viral genomes, and reconstruct these genomes in silico banding densities, nearly all viruses fell into an otherwise with the techniques originally developed to sequence the essentially vacant area in the center of the plot, surround- entire human genome from random fragments. (cdc.gov)
Solution1
- The sample is usually mixed with a solution of known gradient materials and subjected to centrifugation. (nih.gov)