Antioxidants: Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.Oxidative Stress: A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).PicratesLipid Peroxidation: Peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of lipids using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor.Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.Free Radical Scavengers: Substances that influence the course of a chemical reaction by ready combination with free radicals. Among other effects, this combining activity protects pancreatic islets against damage by cytokines and prevents myocardial and pulmonary perfusion injuries.Superoxide Dismutase: An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxide anions and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme protects the cell against dangerous levels of superoxide. EC 1.15.1.1.Plant Extracts: Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.Catalase: An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to water and oxygen. It is present in many animal cells. A deficiency of this enzyme results in ACATALASIA.Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.Glutathione Peroxidase: An enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of 2 moles of glutathione in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to yield oxidized glutathione and water. EC 1.11.1.9.Reactive Oxygen Species: Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS.Glutathione: A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.Phenols: Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances: Low-molecular-weight end products, probably malondialdehyde, that are formed during the decomposition of lipid peroxidation products. These compounds react with thiobarbituric acid to form a fluorescent red adduct.Oxidation-Reduction: A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).Biphenyl CompoundsAcetylcysteine: The N-acetyl derivative of CYSTEINE. It is used as a mucolytic agent to reduce the viscosity of mucous secretions. It has also been shown to have antiviral effects in patients with HIV due to inhibition of viral stimulation by reactive oxygen intermediates.Hydrogen Peroxide: A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.NF-E2-Related Factor 2: A basic-leucine zipper transcription factor that was originally described as a transcriptional regulator controlling expression of the BETA-GLOBIN gene. It may regulate the expression of a wide variety of genes that play a role in protecting cells from oxidative damage.Oxidants: Electron-accepting molecules in chemical reactions in which electrons are transferred from one molecule to another (OXIDATION-REDUCTION).alpha-Tocopherol: A natural tocopherol and one of the most potent antioxidant tocopherols. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. It has four methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus. The natural d form of alpha-tocopherol is more active than its synthetic dl-alpha-tocopherol racemic mixture.Free Radicals: Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.Polyphenols: A large class of organic compounds having more than one PHENOL group.Glutathione Reductase: Catalyzes the oxidation of GLUTATHIONE to GLUTATHIONE DISULFIDE in the presence of NADP+. Deficiency in the enzyme is associated with HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA. Formerly listed as EC 1.6.4.2.Sulfonic Acids: Inorganic or organic oxy acids of sulfur which contain the RSO2(OH) radical.beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. It is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). (From Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Engewood, CO, 1995.)Flavonoids: A group of phenyl benzopyrans named for having structures like FLAVONES.Butylated Hydroxytoluene: A di-tert-butyl PHENOL with antioxidant properties.Carotenoids: The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.Lipid Peroxides: Peroxides produced in the presence of a free radical by the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in the cell in the presence of molecular oxygen. The formation of lipid peroxides results in the destruction of the original lipid leading to the loss of integrity of the membranes. They therefore cause a variety of toxic effects in vivo and their formation is considered a pathological process in biological systems. Their formation can be inhibited by antioxidants, such as vitamin E, structural separation or low oxygen tension.Peroxiredoxins: A family of ubiquitously-expressed peroxidases that play a role in the reduction of a broad spectrum of PEROXIDES like HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; LIPID PEROXIDES and peroxinitrite. They are found in a wide range of organisms, such as BACTERIA; PLANTS; and MAMMALS. The enzyme requires the presence of a thiol-containing intermediate such as THIOREDOXIN as a reducing cofactor.Fruit: The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds.Antioxidant Response Elements: Nucleotide sequences that are found in the PROMOTER REGIONS of the genes of stress-responsive and cytoprotective proteins, such as those encoding antioxidant and PHASE II DETOXIFICATION enzymes. NF-E2-RELATED FACTOR 2 containing transcription factors bind to these elements during induction of these genes.Butylated Hydroxyanisole: Mixture of 2- and 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenols that is used as an antioxidant in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.Benzothiazoles: Compounds with a benzene ring fused to a thiazole ring.Dietary Supplements: Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.Rutin: A flavonol glycoside found in many plants, including BUCKWHEAT; TOBACCO; FORSYTHIA; HYDRANGEA; VIOLA, etc. It has been used therapeutically to decrease capillary fragility.Phytotherapy: Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.Quercetin: A flavonol widely distributed in plants. It is an antioxidant, like many other phenolic heterocyclic compounds. Glycosylated forms include RUTIN and quercetrin.Protein Carbonylation: The appearance of carbonyl groups (such as aldehyde or ketone groups) in PROTEINS as the result of several oxidative modification reactions. It is a standard marker for OXIDATIVE STRESS. Carbonylated proteins tend to be more hydrophobic and resistant to proteolysis.Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.Rats, Wistar: A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.Plant Leaves: Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)Chromans: Benzopyrans saturated in the 2 and 3 positions.Vitamins: Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body.Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.Gallic Acid: A colorless or slightly yellow crystalline compound obtained from nutgalls. It is used in photography, pharmaceuticals, and as an analytical reagent.Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.Plant Bark: The outer layer of the woody parts of plants.Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.Ascorbate Peroxidases: Peroxidases that utilize ASCORBIC ACID as an electron donor to reduce HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to WATER. The reaction results in the production of monodehydroascorbic acid and DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID.NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone): A flavoprotein that reversibly catalyzes the oxidation of NADH or NADPH by various quinones and oxidation-reduction dyes. The enzyme is inhibited by dicoumarol, capsaicin, and caffeine.Eugenia: A genus in the family Myrtaceae sometimes known as "stoppers" in FOLK MEDICINE. Many species of the genus SYZYGIUM have synonymous names that begin with the Eugenia genus name.Tocopherols: A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain substitutions on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus and a long hydrocarbon chain of isoprenoid units. They are antioxidants by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen. Tocopherols react with the most reactive form of oxygen and protect unsaturated fatty acids from oxidation.Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.Heme Oxygenase-1: A ubiquitous stress-responsive enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of HEME to yield IRON; CARBON MONOXIDE; and BILIVERDIN.Coumaric Acids: Hydroxycinnamic acid and its derivatives. Act as activators of the indoleacetic acid oxidizing system, thereby producing a decrease in the endogenous level of bound indoleacetic acid in plants.Superoxides: Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated during the normal catalytic function of a number of enzymes and during the oxidation of hemoglobin to METHEMOGLOBIN. In living organisms, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE protects the cell from the deleterious effects of superoxides.Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.96. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.Anthocyanins: A group of FLAVONOIDS derived from FLAVONOLS, which lack the ketone oxygen at the 4-position. They are glycosylated versions of cyanidin, pelargonidin or delphinidin. The conjugated bonds result in blue, red, and purple colors in flowers of plants.Peroxides: A group of compounds that contain a bivalent O-O group, i.e., the oxygen atoms are univalent. They can either be inorganic or organic in nature. Such compounds release atomic (nascent) oxygen readily. Thus they are strong oxidizing agents and fire hazards when in contact with combustible materials, especially under high-temperature conditions. The chief industrial uses of peroxides are as oxidizing agents, bleaching agents, and initiators of polymerization. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)PeroxidasesDiet: Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.HydroquinonesSulfhydryl Compounds: Compounds containing the -SH radical.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.AmidinesCells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Protective Agents: Synthetic or natural substances which are given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the process of treating a disease or injury due to a poisonous agent.Mitochondria: Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Apoptosis: One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.Cyclic N-Oxides: Heterocyclic compounds in which an oxygen is attached to a cyclic nitrogen.Cell Survival: The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase: One of the enzymes active in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. It catalyzes the synthesis of gamma-glutamylcysteine from glutamate and cysteine in the presence of ATP with the formation of ADP and orthophosphate. EC 6.3.2.2.Reactive Nitrogen Species: Nitrogenous products of NITRIC OXIDE synthases, ranging from NITRIC OXIDE to NITRATES. These reactive nitrogen intermediates also include the inorganic PEROXYNITROUS ACID and the organic S-NITROSOTHIOLS.Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid: Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.Plants, Medicinal: Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.Hydroxybenzoates: Benzoate derivatives substituted by one or more hydroxy groups in any position on the benzene ring.Liver: A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.Cytoprotection: The process by which chemical compounds provide protection to cells against harmful agents.Honey: A sweet viscous liquid food, produced in the honey sacs of various bees from nectar collected from flowers. The nectar is ripened into honey by inversion of its sucrose sugar into fructose and glucose. It is somewhat acidic and has mild antiseptic properties, being sometimes used in the treatment of burns and lacerations.Chlorogenic Acid: A naturally occurring phenolic acid which is a carcinogenic inhibitor. It has also been shown to prevent paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rats. (From J Chromatogr A 1996;741(2):223-31; Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;60(5):765-68).Glutathione Transferase: A transferase that catalyzes the addition of aliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic FREE RADICALS as well as EPOXIDES and arene oxides to GLUTATHIONE. Addition takes place at the SULFUR. It also catalyzes the reduction of polyol nitrate by glutathione to polyol and nitrite.Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.Caffeic Acids: A class of phenolic acids related to chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, etc., which are found in plant tissues. It is involved in plant growth regulation.Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.Xanthophylls: Oxygenated forms of carotenoids. They are usually derived from alpha and beta carotene.Oxidoreductases: The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)Rhizome: Root-like underground horizontal stem of plants that produces shoots above and roots below. Distinguished from true roots which don't have buds and nodes. Similar to true roots in being underground and thickened by storage deposits.Peroxiredoxin VI: A peroxiredoxin that is a cytosolic bifunctional enzyme. It functions as a peroxiredoxin via a single redox-active cysteine and also contains a Ca2+-independent acidic phospholipase A2 activity.Plant Components, Aerial: The above-ground plant without the roots.Flavonols: A group of 3-hydroxy-4-keto-FLAVONOIDS.Spices: The dried seeds, bark, root, stems, buds, leaves, or fruit of aromatic plants used to season food.Deoxyguanosine: A nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.Tea: The infusion of leaves of CAMELLIA SINENSIS (formerly Thea sinensis) as a beverage, the familiar Asian tea, which contains CATECHIN (especially epigallocatechin gallate) and CAFFEINE.F2-Isoprostanes: Isoprostanes derived from the free radical oxidation of ARACHIDONIC ACID. Although similar in structure to enzymatically synthesized prostaglandin F2alpha (DINOPROST), they occur through non-enzymatic oxidation of cell membrane lipids.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Metalloporphyrins: Porphyrins which are combined with a metal ion. The metal is bound equally to all four nitrogen atoms of the pyrrole rings. They possess characteristic absorption spectra which can be utilized for identification or quantitative estimation of porphyrins and porphyrin-bound compounds.Antimutagenic Agents: Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced mutations independently of the mechanism involved.Vegetables: A food group comprised of EDIBLE PLANTS or their parts.DNA Damage: Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.Lipoproteins, LDL: A class of lipoproteins of small size (18-25 nm) and light (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and smaller amounts of TRIGLYCERIDES. The surface monolayer consists mostly of PHOSPHOLIPIDS, a single copy of APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100, and free cholesterol molecules. The main LDL function is to transport cholesterol and cholesterol esters to extrahepatic tissues.Thiocarbamates: Carbamates in which the -CO- group has been replaced by a -CS- group.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.Organoselenium Compounds: Organic compounds which contain selenium as an integral part of the molecule.Oils, Volatile: Oils which evaporate readily. The volatile oils occur in aromatic plants, to which they give odor and other characteristics. Most volatile oils consist of a mixture of two or more TERPENES or of a mixture of an eleoptene (the more volatile constituent of a volatile oil) with a stearopten (the more solid constituent). The synonym essential oils refers to the essence of a plant, as its perfume or scent, and not to its indispensability.tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.Phytochemicals: A broad range of biologically active compounds which occur naturally in plants having important medicinal and nutritional properties.Nitric Oxide: A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.Blueberry Plant: Several plant species of the genus VACCINIUM known for the edible blueberry fruit.Thioredoxins: Hydrogen-donating proteins that participates in a variety of biochemical reactions including ribonucleotide reduction and reduction of PEROXIREDOXINS. Thioredoxin is oxidized from a dithiol to a disulfide when acting as a reducing cofactor. The disulfide form is then reduced by NADPH in a reaction catalyzed by THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE.Wine: Fermented juice of fresh grapes or of other fruit or plant products used as a beverage.Plant Oils: Oils derived from plants or plant products.Aging: The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.Copper: A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.Biological Markers: Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.Aldehydes: Organic compounds containing a carbonyl group in the form -CHO.Erythrocytes: Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.Peroxiredoxin III: A THIOREDOXIN-dependent hydroperoxidase that is localized in the mitochondrial matrix. The enzyme plays a crucial role in protecting mitochondrial components from elevated levels of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE.Beverages: Liquids that are suitable for drinking. (From Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)Thiobarbiturates: Compounds in which one or more of the ketone groups on the pyrimidine ring of barbituric acid are replaced by thione groups.Flavanones: A group of FLAVONOIDS characterized with a 4-ketone.Rosmarinus: A plant genus of the LAMIACEAE family. It is known as a spice and medicinal plant.Neuroprotective Agents: Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.Thiocyanates: Organic derivatives of thiocyanic acid which contain the general formula R-SCN.Asteraceae: A large plant family of the order Asterales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The family is also known as Compositae. Flower petals are joined near the base and stamens alternate with the corolla lobes. The common name of "daisy" refers to several genera of this family including Aster; CHRYSANTHEMUM; RUDBECKIA; TANACETUM.Drugs, Chinese Herbal: Chinese herbal or plant extracts which are used as drugs to treat diseases or promote general well-being. The concept does not include synthesized compounds manufactured in China.Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION.Molecular Structure: The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing): A mixed function oxidase enzyme which during hemoglobin catabolism catalyzes the degradation of heme to ferrous iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin in the presence of molecular oxygen and reduced NADPH. The enzyme is induced by metals, particularly cobalt. EC 1.14.99.3.Radiation-Protective Agents: Drugs used to protect against ionizing radiation. They are usually of interest for use in radiation therapy but have been considered for other, e.g. military, purposes.Apocynaceae: The dogbane family of the order Gentianales. Members of the family have milky, often poisonous juice, smooth-margined leaves, and flowers in clusters. Asclepiadacea (formerly the milkweed family) has been included since 1999 and before 1810.Oxygen: An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.NADPH Oxidase: A flavoprotein enzyme that catalyzes the univalent reduction of OXYGEN using NADPH as an electron donor to create SUPEROXIDE ANION. The enzyme is dependent on a variety of CYTOCHROMES. Defects in the production of superoxide ions by enzymes such as NADPH oxidase result in GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE, CHRONIC.Xanthine Oxidase: An iron-molybdenum flavoprotein containing FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE that oxidizes hypoxanthine, some other purines and pterins, and aldehydes. Deficiency of the enzyme, an autosomal recessive trait, causes xanthinuria.Aryldialkylphosphatase: An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of an aryl-dialkyl phosphate to form dialkyl phosphate and an aryl alcohol. It can hydrolyze a broad spectrum of organophosphate substrates and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters. It may also mediate an enzymatic protection of LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS against oxidative modification and the consequent series of events leading to ATHEROMA formation. The enzyme was previously regarded to be identical with Arylesterase (EC 3.1.1.2).Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7)Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.Peroxidase: A hemeprotein from leukocytes. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to a hereditary disorder coupled with disseminated moniliasis. It catalyzes the conversion of a donor and peroxide to an oxidized donor and water. EC 1.11.1.7.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Phenol: An antiseptic and disinfectant aromatic alcohol.gamma-Tocopherol: A natural tocopherol with less antioxidant activity than ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. As in BETA-TOCOPHEROL, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus but at different sites.Anticarcinogenic Agents: Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced tumors independently of the mechanism involved.Isoprostanes: A series of prostaglandin-like compounds that are produced by the attack of free-radical species on unsaturated fatty acids, especially ARACHIDONIC ACID, of cellular MEMBRANES. Once cleaved from the lipid membrane by the action of phospholipases they can circulate into various bodily fluids and eventually be excreted. Although these compounds resemble enzymatically synthesized prostaglandins their stereoisometric arrangement is usually different than the "naturally occurring" compounds.Vitamin E Deficiency: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN E in the diet, characterized by posterior column and spinocerebellar tract abnormalities, areflexia, ophthalmoplegia, and disturbances of gait, proprioception, and vibration. In premature infants vitamin E deficiency is associated with hemolytic anemia, thrombocytosis, edema, intraventricular hemorrhage, and increasing risk of retrolental fibroplasia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. An apparent inborn error of vitamin E metabolism, named familial isolated vitamin E deficiency, has recently been identified. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1181)Melatonin: A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.Isothiocyanates: Organic compounds with the general formula R-NCS.Vitis: A plant genus in the family VITACEAE, order Rhamnales, subclass Rosidae. It is a woody vine cultivated worldwide. It is best known for grapes, the edible fruit and used to make WINE and raisins.Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.Kaempferols: A group of FLAVONOLS based on kaempferol. They are derived from naringenin and can be hydroxylated to QUERCETIN or reduced to leucopelargonidin.Iron: A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.Ethanol: A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.Burseraceae: A plant family of the order Sapindales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. They are resinous trees and shrubs with alternate leaves composed of many leaflets.Response Elements: Nucleotide sequences, usually upstream, which are recognized by specific regulatory transcription factors, thereby causing gene response to various regulatory agents. These elements may be found in both promoter and enhancer regions.Mice, Inbred C57BLAnisoles: A group of compounds that are derivatives of methoxybenzene and contain the general formula R-C7H7O.Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.Seeds: The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental: Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.Blotting, Western: Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.Punicaceae: A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that is a small family with a single genus.Ethoxyquin: Antioxidant; also a post-harvest dip to prevent scald on apples and pears.Lamiaceae: The mint plant family. They are characteristically aromatic, and many of them are cultivated for their oils. Most have square stems, opposite leaves, and two-lipped, open-mouthed, tubular corollas (united petals), with five-lobed, bell-like calyxes (united sepals).Comet Assay: A genotoxicological technique for measuring DNA damage in an individual cell using single-cell gel electrophoresis. Cell DNA fragments assume a "comet with tail" formation on electrophoresis and are detected with an image analysis system. Alkaline assay conditions facilitate sensitive detection of single-strand damage.Piper betle: A plant genus of the family PIPERACEAE that is indigenous in the Indian Malay region and cultivated in Madagascar, and the West Indies. It contains chavibetol, chavicol and cadinene. The leaf is chewed as a stimulant, antiseptic and sialogogue. The common name of betel is also used for ARECA.Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in enzyme synthesis.Cell Death: The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability.Lutein: A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.Bauhinia: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain isoacteoside, luteolin, indole-3-carboxylic acid.Rosaceae: The rose plant family in the order ROSALES and class Magnoliopsida. They are generally woody plants. A number of the species of this family contain cyanogenic compounds.Inhibitory Concentration 50: The concentration of a compound needed to reduce population growth of organisms, including eukaryotic cells, by 50% in vitro. Though often expressed to denote in vitro antibacterial activity, it is also used as a benchmark for cytotoxicity to eukaryotic cells in culture.Endothelium, Vascular: Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.Luteolin: 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-flavone, one of the FLAVONES.Plant Preparations: Material prepared from plants.Cell Line, Tumor: A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.
GDF11"Cell. 153 (4): 828-39. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.015. PMC 3677132. PMID 23663781.. ... "Administration of rGDF11 retards the aging process in male mice via action of anti-oxidant system". Biogerontology. 20 (4): ... cell development. • negative regulation of cell differentiation. • positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein ... and controls the competence of progenitor cells to regulate numbers of retinal ganglionic cells developing in the retina.[26] ...
The ratio of NADP+ to NADPH in the cell is kept rather low, so that NADPH is readily available as a reducing agent; it is more ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 10 (2): 179-206. doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1672. ISSN 1523-0864. PMID 18020963. "The physiological ... The ratio of NAD+ to NADH is kept very high in the cell, keeping it readily available to act as an oxidizing agent. NADP+ ... ALDHs function in cell differentiation, proliferation, oxidation, and drug resistance. These enzymes are only one example of ...
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Cell. 127 (3): 635-48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983. This article incorporates text from the United States ... Cysteine prodrugs also lead to an increase in antioxidant properties by increasing levels of glutathione. Increased levels of ... The dimer cystine gets taken up by glial cells and the monomer of cystine, cysteine, is taken up by neurons.[citation needed] ... N-acetylcysteine works by increasing levels of cysteine in cells, leading to an increase in system Xc- activity. This increase ...
In 2010 it was discovered for the first time that thioredoxin proteins are able to move from cell to cell, representing a novel ... Thioredoxins are proteins that act as antioxidants by facilitating the reduction of other proteins by cysteine thiol-disulfide ... It has also recently been found to play a role in cell-to-cell communication. ... Cell. 133 (6): 978-93. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.04.041. PMID 18555775. Yang Y, Ago T, Zhai P, Abdellatif M, Sadoshima J ( ...
UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA (Feb ... Goff SP (Aug 2003). "Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1". Cell. 114 (3): 281-3. doi:10.1016/S0092- ... Kleiger G, Mayor T (Jun 2014). "Perilous journey: a tour of the ubiquitin-proteasome system". Trends in Cell Biology. 24 (6): ...
The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0041-KIAA0080) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1". DNA Res ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA (Feb ... UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Goff SP (2003). "Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1". Cell. 114 (3): 281-3. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674 ...
UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA (Feb ... Kleiger G, Mayor T (Jun 2014). "Perilous journey: a tour of the ubiquitin-proteasome system". Trends in Cell Biology. 24 (6): ... Gödderz D, Dohmen RJ (Feb 2009). "Hsm3/S5b joins the ranks of 26S proteasome assembly chaperones". Molecular Cell. 33 (4): 415- ...
Cell. 122 (6): 957-68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070. Gerards WL, de Jong WW, Bloemendal H, Boelens W (January ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA ( ... hereby binding to p21 to induce cell death and inhibit cell proliferation. PSMA3 has been shown to interact with CRYAB, PLK1, ... UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ...
UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA (Feb ... Goff SP (Aug 2003). "Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1". Cell. 114 (3): 281-3. doi:10.1016/S0092- ... Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin- ...
Hedberg Y, Ljungberg B, Roos G, Landberg G (May 2003). "Expression of cyclin D1, D3, E, and p27 in human renal cell carcinoma ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA (Feb ... UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Goff SP (Aug 2003). "Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1". Cell. 114 (3): 281-3. doi:10.1016/S0092- ...
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Cell. 122 (6): 957-68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070. Gerards WL, de Jong WW, Bloemendal H, Boelens W (January ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA ( ... UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Kleiger G, Mayor T (June 2014). "Perilous journey: a tour of the ubiquitin-proteasome system". Trends in Cell Biology. 24 (6): ...
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UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA ( ... A combination of PSMA1 knockdown in parallel with radiation therapy to treat non-small cell lung carcinoma resulted in an ... Kleiger G, Mayor T (June 2014). "Perilous journey: a tour of the ubiquitin-proteasome system". Trends in Cell Biology. 24 (6): ...
For instance, in breast cancer cells, a high expression level of the PSMB7 protein suggests a shorter survival than in cells ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA ( ... UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Kleiger G, Mayor T (June 2014). "Perilous journey: a tour of the ubiquitin-proteasome system". Trends in Cell Biology. 24 (6): ...
It plays a key role in regulating the cell cycle via protein-protein interactions with the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK4. It ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA (Feb ... UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Sastry L, Cao T, King CR (1997). "Multiple Grb2-protein complexes in human cancer cells". Int. J. Cancer. 70 (2): 208-13. doi: ...
In the patient's skin and B cells, IL-6 was also highly expressed, and there was a reduced expression of PSMB8. Furthermore, ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 21 (17): 2322-43. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5823. PMC 4241867 . PMID 25133688. Wang ZV, Hill JA (Feb ... UPS proteolysis plays a major role in responses of cancer cells to stimulatory signals that are critical for the development of ... Goff SP (Aug 2003). "Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1". Cell. 114 (3): 281-3. doi:10.1016/S0092- ...
"Mechanisms of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor-Regulated Gene Expression in Cancer Cells". Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 23 (1 ... "Novel histone deacetylase inhibitor CG200745 induces clonogenic cell death by modulating acetylation of p53 in cancer cells". ... The goal is for HDAC inhibitors to flush HIV from the reservoirs it builds within the DNA of infected cells, followed by a ... "Cell Therapeutics Pays Chroma $5M Up Front for Rights to Late-Stage Cancer Drug". Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News. ...
Proteins are also important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, active transport across membranes, and the cell ... Vertuani S, Angusti A, Manfredini S (2004). "The antioxidants and pro-antioxidants network: an overview". Curr Pharm Des. 10 ( ... Binding of the hormone to insulin receptors on cells then activates a cascade of protein kinases that cause the cells to take ... Extrinsic control involves a cell in a multicellular organism changing its metabolism in response to signals from other cells. ...
... protects plant cells against the destructive effects of ultraviolet light. β-Carotene is an antioxidant. ... Antioxidant. References[edit]. *^ Mosby's Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Mosby-Year Book 1994, ... Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C (2007). "Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements ... and if the food is cooked for a few minutes until the plant cell wall splits and the colour is released into any liquid. 6 μg ...
"Cell. 161 (1): 161-172. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.01.036. PMC 4525717. PMID 25815993.. ... "Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 20 (8): 1251-67. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5524. PMC 3934442. PMID 23919640.. ... The LDL receptor is transported to the liver cell membrane and binds to passing LDL and VLDL particles (colloquially, "bad ... In rabbits, liver cells sense the reduced levels of liver cholesterol and seek to compensate by synthesizing LDL receptors to ...
Codogno P, Meijer AJ (Nov 2005). "Autophagy and signaling: their role in cell survival and cell death". Cell Death and ... Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 7 (9-10): 1140-9. doi:10.1089/ars.2005.7.1140. PMID 16115017. Sun Q, Chen X, Ma J, Peng H, Wang ... In order for cells to grow and proliferate by manufacturing more proteins, the cells must ensure that they have the resources ... mTORC1 signaling is sensitive to amino acid levels in the cell. Even if a cell has the proper energy for protein synthesis, if ...
... and protection of cells from premature aging, antioxidant activity, antioxidant content and antioxidant properties, and ... These findings suggest that flavonoids have negligible systemic antioxidant activity, and that the increase in antioxidant ... and to modify intracellular signaling pathways in immune cells, or in brain cells after a stroke. Procyanidins, a class of ... Gomes A, Couto D, Alves A, Dias I, Freitas M, Porto G, Duarte JA, Fernandes E (2012). "Trihydroxyflavones with antioxidant and ...
Halliwell, B (2008). «Are polyphenols antioxidants or pro-oxidants? What do we learn from cell culture and in vivo studies?». ... Market Study: Antioxidants». Ceresana Research]. *↑ «Why use Antioxidants?». SpecialChem Adhesives. Consultado em 27 de ... Packer, Lester; Weber, Stefan U.; Rimbach, Gerald (2001). «Molecular aspects of alpha-tocotrienol antioxidant action and cell ... Schumacker P (2006). «Reactive oxygen species in cancer cells: Live by the sword, die by the sword». Cancer Cell. 10 (3): 175-6 ...
Mahomoodally, F. M.; Subratty, A. H.; Gurib-Fakim, A.; Choudhary, M. I.. «Antioxidant, antiglycation and cytotoxicity ... In vitro modulation of oxidative burst via release of reactive oxygen species from immune cells by extracts of selected ...
Baho-baho, Bauhinia tomentosa Linn., YELLOW BAUHINIA, Huang hua yang ti jia : Philippine Herbal Therapy / Alternative MedicineIn-vitro anticancer activity was confirmed on cell lines of laryngeal HEp-2 carcinoma cells. (15) • Analgesic / Leaves: Study ... Cytotoxicity Study Of Antioxidant Flavonoids From Bauhinia Tomentosa Leaf Extract / M A Aderogba, L J McGaw, A O Ogundaini, J N ... Antioxidant / Immunomodulatory / Anti-Inflammatory: Study of methanolic extract in mice showed immumodulatory effects and ... Cytotoxicity / Antioxidant: Study isolated four flavonol glycosides: kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, ...
Includes detailed information on local businesses that provide access to frozen wild blueberries, antioxidants, wild blueberry ... Anti-oxidants. Antioxidants neutralize the effect of free radicals and prevent the damage caused to body cells. ... Richest Source of Antioxidants Wild blueberries contain antioxidants. Based on data from the USDA Human Nutrition Research ... Antioxidants found in wild blueberries for anti aging have the magical ability to fight free radicals and aging.... ...
Blueberry Juice Powder CAS NO. 84082-34-8 | Blueberry Juice Powder Manufacturer | Blueberry Juice Powder SupplierBesides, it has a powerful function of antioxidant. Further studies reveal that anthocyanin can promote the synthesis of ... can regulate the permeability of capillaries and maintain the integrity of cells. ...
Alpha Lipoic Acid Stimulates Telomerase - LambertonTelomerase is off in most healthy cell types and only becomes turned on when cells proliferate. Because telomerase is active in ... "It is widely available and has been called a natural antioxidant. Yet ALAs effects in human clinical studies have been a ... Experimental models show that lipoic acid optimizes function of the mitochondria in aging cells and reverses cell aging ... In human cells, shortened telomeres, the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes, are both a sign of aging and contribute to ...
Momentum Antioxidant | Momentum® AsiaWHAT ARE ANTIOXIDANTS?. Antioxidants are part of a family of micronutrients which counter oxidation and protect cells from ... WHY SUPPLEMENT ANTIOXIDANTS?. In order to ensure sufficient antioxidants, it is necessary to eat a wide variety of fruit and ... Attacks by free radicals and ultimately cell damage are associated, among other factors, with (advanced) ageing. Antioxidants ... Momentum® Antioxidant also contains grape seed extract, which is as well a powerful antioxidant, and improves the condition of ...
1.Alpha lipoic acid powder is a fatty acid found naturally inside every cell in the body.. 2.Alpha lipoic acid powder is needed ... 5. Alpha lipoic acid powder appears to be able to recycle antioxidants such as vitamin C and glutathione after they have been ... 4.Alpha lipoic acid powder is also an antioxidant, a substance that neutralizes potentially harmful chemicals called free ... and applies as an antioxidant health products.. ...
Antioxidants minimize damage and keep your body's cells healthyIt happens to all cells in nature, including the ones in your body. ... Antioxidants minimize damage and keep your bodys cells healthy By Jeanie Lerche Davis WebMD Weight Loss Clinic - Feature ... As oxygen interacts with cells of any type - an apple slice or, in your body, the cells lining your lungs or in a cut on your ... This produces some type of change in those cells. They may die, such as with rotting fruit. In the case of cut skin, dead cells ...
Study: Antioxidants Kill Cancer Cells | Newsmax.com... and red wine kill cancer cells, a finding that may lead to more potent anti-tumor drugs. ... NIH researchers discover that antioxidants from fruits, vegetables, ... "Currently what were trying to see is if antioxidants can selectively kill specific cancer cells." Three Antioxidants. ... and if the antioxidants harm just diseased cells or healthy cells too. Copyright Bloomberg News. ...
More Evidence That Antioxidants May Fuel Cancer Cells... the latest research shows they may help spread existing tumor cells in liver and colon cancer. ... While antioxidants may not increase the risk of cancer, ...
Antioxidants Preserve Cone Cells In the EyeTo test this, we used antioxidants, which protect cells from oxygen damage, and since they allowed many more cones to survive, ... Herbs and Antioxidants Herbs are rich sources of anti-oxidants that help build your immune system. Reach out for your spice ... The human retina contains approximately 125 million rod cells and six million cone cells. In diseases like RP and age-related ... Antioxidants in the form of small berries packed with wonderful benefits Find out how these tiny berries work to make you feel ...
Antioxidants may stop fat cells formation, says studyNatural antioxidant compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids could inhibit the formation of fat formation from fat cells, ... fat cells). The researchers chose the 3T3-L1 cell line because it has been used widely for several decades as a cell model for ... Antioxidants may stop fat cells formation, says study. By Stephen Daniells 12-Nov-2007. - Last updated on 19-Jul-2008 at 17:11 ... Natural antioxidant compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids could inhibit the formation of fat formation from fat cells, ...
XRAYS: Do antioxidants encourage the spread of cancer cells?A study performed in mouse models suggests that high doses of some antioxidants may make it easier for cancer cells to ... Researchers do not understand why a few cells metastasize while other cells do not. ... the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to another site in the body, is a complex process. ... Melanoma cells that successfully metastasized withstood oxidative stress. *Large doses of the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine ( ...
Effect of Antioxidant Water on the Bioactivities of CellsOpen Access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in all areas of cell biology. ... International Journal of Cell Biology is a peer-reviewed, ... Effect of Antioxidant Water on the Bioactivities of Cells. ... This report outlines our study of antioxidant properties of this structured water and its effect on cell bioactivities. ... The same tendency was observed for other cells including IEC-6, C2C12, and 3T3-L1. Also, the cytokine expression of the ...
Antioxidants aid cancer cells in metastasizing, research shows - AMERICAblog NewsThe same reason antioxidants have health benefits is the reason why they help cancer cells avoid our immune system when ... Home News Antioxidants aid cancer cells in metastasizing, research shows Antioxidants aid cancer cells in metastasizing, ... Antioxidants limit oxidative stress. So having antioxidants present in the system can actually help to protect the tumor cells ... So it appears that the antioxidants benefitted the cancer cells in this case, more so than normal cells - at least with these ...
Novel drug therapy kills pancreatic cancer cells by reducing levels of antioxidants | EurekAlert! Science News... the last thing one wants to do is to raise antioxidant levels. Lowering antioxidants in pancreatic cancer cells can help kill ... a CSHL team demonstrates that in pancreatic cells on the road to cancer or already malignant, ... While its a matter of conventional wisdom in popular culture that raising antioxidant levels in the body tends to keep cancer ... One way of increasing oxidation in cancer cells is to decrease levels of antioxidants in those same cells. A question addressed ...
The emerging field of stem cell nutrition has the ... "Fewer stem cells in the bloodstream means that fewer stem cells ... Adult stem cells, tissue maintenance and repair. SE2 helps increase the number of adult stem cells or master cells that are ... Stemtech: Stem cell nutrition could eclipse antioxidant supplement market. By Elaine Watson ... Diana Plant Sciences debuts cocoa ingredient derived from plant stem cells * Stem cell nutrition deal establishes Marinova as ...
What are Antioxidants - Protect Your Cells Against Free RadicalsAntioxidants are nutrients and enzymes that play an important role in reducing free radicals and preventing the development of ... You are at:Home»Diet and Nutrition»What are Antioxidants - Protect Your Cells Against Free Radicals ... They get reduced in the process but prevent the cell damage. Absence of sufficient amounts of antioxidants in the body can ... So a diet with dietary deficiencies of these micronutrients may cause antioxidant deficiency in the body leading to cell damage ...
... Nathalie Auberval, ... "Oxidative Stress Type Influences the Properties of Antioxidants Containing Polyphenols in RINm5F Beta Cells," Evidence-Based ...
Antioxidant Protects Islet Cells Used in Transplants for DiabetesThe antioxidants also improved the effectiveness of the islet-cell transplants. When large amounts of islet cells (700-1,000 ... And when we transplanted islet cells into diabetic, immunodeficient mice, it took fewer of the antioxidant-treated islet cells ... half the mice who got untreated islet cells remained diabetic while all the animals with antioxidant-treated islet cells ... Islet-cell loss was cut in half over a six-day period, from 60% to 30%, when the antioxidants were applied during isolation of ...
Patients with sickle cell disease have reduced blood antioxidant protection. - PubMed - NCBIPatients with sickle cell disease have reduced blood antioxidant protection.. Ren H1, Ghebremeskel K, Okpala I, Lee A, ... 9 sickle cell-hemoglobin C/HbSC, and 15 HbAA) subjects were analyzed for antioxidant status. The Nigerian HbSS patients ... in red cells, platelets, and mononuclear cells. These differences were not due to lower intake of the two fatty acids. We have ... In the British sickle cell patients, there was a positive correlation between red cell ethanolamine phosphoglyceride (EPG) DHA ...
Antioxidants Preserve Cone Cells In the Eye ( Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Univer...)Antioxidants,Preserve,Cone,Cells,In,the,Eye,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical ... Antioxidants found in chocolates 3. Antioxidants used for longevity. 4. Antioxidants found in chocolates 5. The Use Of ... Mushrooms are Rich Source of Antioxidants. 10. Antioxidants Could Halt Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. 11. Antioxidants in Fruit ... Antioxidants Preserve Cone Cells In the Eye. Researchers at the Johns Hopkins University were fruitful in preventin... ...
Regulation of antioxidants and phase 2 enzymes by shear-induced reactive oxygen species in endothelial cells.. Jones CI 3rd1, ... Exposure of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to steady laminar shear stress activates the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) which ... We examined how shear stress affects the antioxidant/phase 2 enzyme activities and whether ROS mediate these effects. ROS ... and antioxidants, such as glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase. ...
Antioxidants | Free Full-Text | Effects of the Macular Carotenoid Lutein in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial CellsPre-incubation of ARPE-19 cells with lutein or lycopene protected against tBHP-induced cell loss and cell co-exposure of lutein ... inhibit cell growth in undifferentiated ARPE-19 cells. Moreover, cell viability was decreased under hypoxic conditions. ... Using human RPE-derived ARPE-19 cells as an in vitro model, we exposed RPE cells to various concentrations of the specific ... Our findings indicate that lutein and lycopene inhibit the growth of human RPE cells and protect the RPE against oxidative ...
Hydropeptide Hydrostem+6 - Stem Cell Antioxidant Serum | FragranceNet.com®Stem Cell Antioxidant Serum Skin Care for Women On Sale!. Free US shipping on orders over $59. FragranceNet.com® trusted since ... Hydropeptide women Hydrostem+6 - Stem Cell Antioxidant Serum by Hydropeptide (View All) ... Were sorry, Hydropeptide Hydrostem+6 - Stem Cell Antioxidant Serum is currently sold out. ...
Antioxidant Therapy to Reduce Inflammation in Sickle Cell Disease - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govAntioxidant Therapy to Reduce Inflammation in Sickle Cell Disease. This study has been completed. ... We want to test if inflammation in people with sickle cell disease can be reduced by the use of antioxidant compounds. ... Anemia, Sickle Cell Dietary Supplement: alpha-lipoic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine Drug: Placebo Phase 2 ... People with sickle cell disease have more inflammation (a response of body tissues to injury or irritation) than people without ...
GlutathioneVitaminsCompoundsAlpha-LipoReactiveSuperoxideProliferationDefenseProteinCellular antioxidantIntracellularCatalaseMoleculesNRF2MetabolicInflammationAscorbic acidAssaysInhibitDefensesRedoxResearchersAmounts of antioxidantsViabilityPowerful antioxidantsPotent AntioxidantsHarmful free radicalsEndothelialHydrogen peroxideTissuesEffectsGenesOxidative stress-induced cellSupplementsDifferent antioxidantsCancer cellsEndogenous antioxidantsPathwaysFlavonoidsProtectAnti-inflammatoryDietaryMelanoma cellsSickle cell diDosesOxygen
- 5. Alpha lipoic acid powder appears to be able to recycle antioxidants such as vitamin C and glutathione after they have been used up. (cnherb.cc)
- It contains high amount of powerful natural antioxidants such as polyphenols and Vitamin E, is rich in Vitamins A, D and K, and in fatty acids, being the predominant (73%) a monounsaturated fat called oleic acid, which is extremely healthy. (alevoo.es)
- Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the only type of olive oil that contains all the antioxidants and bioactive compounds beneficial to our health. (alevoo.es)
- 1.Alpha lipoic acid powder is a fatty acid found naturally inside every cell in the body. (cnherb.cc)
- 4.Alpha lipoic acid powder is also an antioxidant, a substance that neutralizes potentially harmful chemicals called free radicals. (cnherb.cc)
- 2.Alpha lipoic acid powder always used for acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatic coma, fatty liver, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease ,and applies as an antioxidant health products. (cnherb.cc)
- Oxidative stress, which can damage cells, occurs when an imbalance develops between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to remove them. (facingourrisk.org)
- There is a growing literature (including several papers from my laboratory) on how reactive oxygen species (oxidants) are essential components of normal cell signaling pathways in a large number of cell types, maybe everywhere. (americablog.com)
- Cannabidiol protected cultured rat brain cells against damage from glutamate and reactive oxygen species, performing better than vitamins C and E and as well as the potent antioxidant BHT. (420magazine.com)
- In different cell types, challenge with LPS causes an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential (MPP) and respiratory complexes activity, and a decrease in the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP production [17- (thefreelibrary.com)
- This sub-line studies the function of different reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS y RNS) in the cell signal transduction pathways and expression of antioxidative systems during plant development and fruit ripening, and in the response to abiotic and biotic stresses, using physiological, biochemical, molecular and cellular approaches. (csic.es)
- Accumulation of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), as it occurs in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), is the origin of an endogenous source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can exert oxidative damage to cell structures. (ovid.com)
- Reactive species and antioxidants. (semanticscholar.org)
- BACKGROUND: Bile acids, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines are crucial regulators of cell death in acute and chronic liver diseases. (ru.nl)
- Under physiologic conditions, NO levels are 1,000 times those of O2-, and the normal antioxidant mechanisms are able to detoxify small amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (alpfmedical.info)
- Effects on cell proliferation and reactive oxygen species were tested on invasive estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). (tamu.edu)
- Results were conflicting as the Syrah had a greater effect on the inhibition of generating reactive oxygen species while the Port had a greater effect of cell growth inhibition. (tamu.edu)
- It has been reported that both anoxia and the transition from anoxia to re-oxygenation determine a strong imbalance in the cellular redox state involving the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Plant cell cultures can be a suitable system to study the response to oxygen deprivation stress since a close control of physicochemical parameters is available when using bioreactors. (frontiersin.org)
- Campochiaro and his team injected vitamin E, vitamin C, alpha-lipoic acid or an antioxidant similar to superoxide dismutase between the 18th and 35th day. (medindia.net)
- The antioxidants, dubbed AEOL10113 and AEOL10150, mimic the naturally occurring antioxidant superoxide dismutase, but are effective against a wider range of oxygen radicals and last longer in the body. (innovations-report.com)
- The major mitochondrial antioxidant system that protects cells consists of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH). (springer.com)
- Mn and CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein levels varied approximately 2-fold among the cell lines. (aacrjournals.org)
- In view of the complex relationships between superoxide, MnSOD and K-ras, K-ras activity relationships with superoxide and DNA damage were evaluated in a subset of cells with similar MnSOD levels. (aacrjournals.org)
- In summary the data suggest that mutant K-ras could influence ROS levels and DNA damage in several ways in lung adenocarcinoma cells: by downregulation of MnSOD and of several PRX isoforms, and by increasing DNA-damaging superoxide. (aacrjournals.org)
- In the present work we examined the ability of different antioxidants to revert ALA-promoted damage, by incubating mouse astrocytes with 1.0 mM ALA for different times (1-4 hr) in the presence of melatonin (2.5 mM), superoxide dismutase (25 units/mL), catalase (200 units/mL) or glutathione (0.5 mM). (ovid.com)
- Concerning porphyrin biosynthesis, no effect was observed with catalase and superoxide dismutase whereas increases of 57 and 87% were obtained with glutathione and melatonin, respectively, indicating that these antioxidants may prevent the oxidation of porphobilinogen deaminase, reactivating so that the AIP genetically reduced enzyme. (ovid.com)
- When the cultured cells were exposed to a superoxide and hydroxyl radical generating system for up to 60 minutes, lipid peroxidation occurred, and cellular viability decreased by 60% at 30 minutes. (ahajournals.org)
- The prooxidant [NAD(P)H oxidase] and antioxidant [NOS, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase] enzyme activities were determined by specific assays. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- A direct scavenging effect of fluvastatin on hydroxyl and superoxide radicals has been described, providing another antioxidant mechanism of statins. (alpfmedical.info)
- Intracellular antioxidant response to high glucose is mediated by Cu/Mn-superoxide dismutases (SOD-1/SOD-2), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx), particularly glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1). (biomedcentral.com)
- Such findings may relate to roles of Se in antioxidant protection, enhanced immune surveillance and modulation of cell proliferation. (mdpi.com)
- Zeng H, Cao JJ, Combs GF, Jr. Selenium in Bone Health: Roles in Antioxidant Protection and Cell Proliferation. (mdpi.com)
- Promotes normal cell development and proliferation. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- Therefore, the main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of oxygen concentration (20 vs. 80% O-2) on the degree of cell death, anti-oxidant transcription, acute inflammation, and cell proliferation in lung slices. (rug.nl)
- According to the results, slices incubated at 20% O-2 displayed less cell death, antioxidant transcription, and acute inflammation, as well as more cell proliferation, demonstrating that these slices were considerably more viable than slices cultured at 80% O-2. (rug.nl)
- To determine if three antioxidants, grape seed extract (GSE), lutein, and omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA), alter oxidative stress, migration, and proliferation in lens epithelial cells (LEC). (arvojournals.org)
- Following treatment with antioxidants, unstressed LEC's showed altered expression of cytokines known to influence redox signaling, migration, and proliferation. (arvojournals.org)
- O3FA increased cell proliferation and migration in the ex vivo PCO model while GSE and lutein demonstrated little effect. (arvojournals.org)
- ATF1 (activating transcription factor 1), a stimulus-induced CREB family transcription factor, plays important roles in cell survival and proliferation. (biologists.org)
- ATF1 plays pivotal roles in cell survival and proliferation. (biologists.org)
- The effects of extracts from five cultivars of strawberries on the proliferation of colon cancer cells HT29 and breast cancer cells MCF-7 were investigated, and possible correlations with the levels of several antioxidants were analyzed. (lu.se)
- In addition, the effects of organic cultivation compared to conventional cultivation on the content of antioxidants in the strawberries and strawberry extracts on the cancer cell proliferation were investigated. (lu.se)
- The strawberry extracts decreased the proliferation of both HT29 cells and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent way. (lu.se)
- For HT29 cells, there was a negative correlation at the highest extract concentration between the content of ascorbate or vitamin C and cancer cell proliferation, whereas for MCF-7 cells, a high ratio of ascorbate to dehydroascorbate correlated with a higher inhibition of cell proliferation at the second highest concentration. (lu.se)
- article{53f64039-5e34-446e-bc78-9249f8cbbc3b, abstract = {The effects of extracts from five cultivars of strawberries on the proliferation of colon cancer cells HT29 and breast cancer cells MCF-7 were investigated, and possible correlations with the levels of several antioxidants were analyzed. (lu.se)
- The redox system is crucial machinery that regulates a wide range of cell functions, including proliferation and differentiation ( 5 ). (asnjournals.org)
- 1mM, 5mM and 10mM were assayed for their effect in proliferation on the A549 cells alone and in combination with 6-TG. (waocp.org)
- Results: Our experiment proves that anticancer drug 6-TG decreases the proliferation and the antioxidant NAC enhances the proliferation of A549 cells. (waocp.org)
- Strikingly when co-treated with 6-TG, the antioxidant NAC diminished the proliferation reduction action of 6-TG on A549 cells. (waocp.org)
- When treated with 50 µg GAE/mL Port wine extract, cell proliferation decreased to 54% at and to an impressive 18% at 200 µg GAE/mL. (tamu.edu)
- Unlike other cancer genes, which promote cancer by stimulating cell proliferation, BCL2 promoted cancer by stopping lymphoma cells from being able to kill themselves. (wikipedia.org)
- When your body needs to put up its best defense, especially true in today's environment, antioxidants are crucial to your health. (medicinenet.com)
- Free radicals - toxic oxidants that are produced by our cells and that escape the antioxidant defense - are the basis for the free radical theory of aging. (juvenon.com)
- However, oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defense. (biomedcentral.com)
- Antioxidant and other biochemical defense responses of Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam. (semanticscholar.org)
- If free radicals outnumber or overwhelm the antioxidant defense system, every part of our body is vulnerable to damage - including our DNA. (performancevitamins.com)
- Exogenous antioxidants can be viewed as inviting a constant stream of soldiers into the battle field armed with pistols for our defense. (performancevitamins.com)
- But the researchers further found that healthy cells seemed to have defensive mechanisms that easily allowed them to resist the oxidizing effects of hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide is, in fact, used as a defense mechanism by the body's own immune system). (naturalnews.com)
- This is where GRS Ultra Cell Defense comes into play. (timesofhealth.com)
- What is the GRS Ultra Cell Defense Supplement? (timesofhealth.com)
- The GRS Ultra Cell Defense is a dietary supplement that aims to improve one's immune health by targeting as deep into one's cell as possible. (timesofhealth.com)
- What Ingredients Have Been Highlighted in the Cell Defense Formula? (timesofhealth.com)
- How Should Consumers Make Use of the GRS Ultra Cell Defense Supplement? (timesofhealth.com)
- These experiments provided a critical clue: The team saw that when NRF2 is missing, the machinery in cells that translates messages from genes into proteins - the process of protein synthesis -- is very sensitive to fluctuations in the balance between oxidants and anti-oxidants. (eurekalert.org)
- This inflammation can be measured in the blood by checking the level of a protein called CRP as well as other changes we see in blood due to inflammation (such as changes in platelets and other cells). (clinicaltrials.gov)
- But the research team also found that the antioxidants activated a protein that regulates cellular processes and is likely involved in promoting the spread of cancer. (health.com)
- To investigate the putative adaptive changes in antioxidant enzyme protein expression and targeting to mitochondria as mtDNA depletion occurs, we progressively depleted U87 astrocytoma cells of mtDNA by chronic treatment with ethidium bromide (EB, 50 ng/ml). (springer.com)
- K-ras total protein showed a 14-fold variation in amount among the cell lines and was as high on average in cells with wildtype K-ras, as in those with mutant protein. (aacrjournals.org)
- Arrays were used to determine changes in protein expression following treatment with the antioxidants. (arvojournals.org)
- Hi all, I'm planning to do a FACS analysis on antioxidant properties in certain protein (which is already transfected inside cancer cells) using flow cytometry. (protocol-online.org)
- Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) sequesters and promotes the degradation of the antioxidant response element-binding transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2). (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Gene/protein levels of Nrf2 & levels of NRF2-regulated antioxidants (NQO1, CAT, SOD2, HMOX1, GPX1) were assessed by qRT-PCR & immunoblotting in 1°MCs exposed to [50µM] Hcy. (arvojournals.org)
- Expression of antioxidant genes Nqo1, Cat, Sod2, Hmox1, Gpx1 increased significantly as did protein levels of HMOX1 & CAT. (arvojournals.org)
- Heavy metals can cause several genotoxic effects on cells, including oxidative stress, DNA sequence breakage and protein modification. (ovid.com)
- They also combine to support glutathione production, antioxidant protection, and protein synthesis in hepatocytes, promoting liver health. (curehelp.com)
- HUVEC cultures were used to confirm glucose's causal role on the expression of miR-185, its target mRNA and protein and finally the activation of antioxidant response. (biomedcentral.com)
- 500 antioxidant genes, plays a key role in cellular antioxidant responses, we hypothesized that HHcy upregulates the NRF2-mediated stress response in MCs. (arvojournals.org)
- Under normal physiological conditions, the cellular antioxidant system removes these deleterious molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
- In the present study, juices from three different varieties of pomegranate (one edible and two ornamental) as well as four phytochemicals naturally contained in the pomegranate fruit (ellagic acid, punicalagin, gallic acid and caffeic acid) were screened for their antioxidant capacities, through the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assays. (teknoscienze.com)
- NAC is a pharmacologic antioxidant that acts via its direct reducing activity and via induction of the cellular antioxidant glutathione. (asnjournals.org)
- It may also help regenerate the body's natural intracellular antioxidants. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- The effect of LPS on intracellular TAG accumulation has been evidenced to be based on multifaceted and highly cell-type specific pathways. (thefreelibrary.com)
- ATF1 is a transcriptional repressor of ferritin H, the major intracellular iron storage gene, through an ARE (antioxidant-responsive element). (biologists.org)
- Proline addition (0.2, 2, or 5 mM) to the medium for suspension culture or nutrient medium for plant growing resulted in the increase in the content of intracellular proline in both cultured cells and intact plant leaves and also in the activation of proline dehydrogenase, i.e., the enzyme degrading proline. (deepdyve.com)
- Thus, an increase in the intracellular proline concentration changed the redox balance and induced functioning of APO and SOD at both normal conditions of plant growing and cell culturing and under stress. (deepdyve.com)
- Programmed cell death (or PCD) is the death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program. (wikipedia.org)
- Stretch appears to play a direct role in oxidative stress in tubular cells, as decreased catalase mRNA was also found when tubular cells were subjected to cyclic mechanical stretch ( 30 ). (physiology.org)
- The researchers found that healthy cells use various mechanisms to remove hydrogen peroxide, and that one of the primary mechanisms is the enzyme catalase. (naturalnews.com)
- They found that the lower cells' catalase activity, the more damage they suffered from hydrogen peroxide exposure. (naturalnews.com)
- Molecules called antioxidants play a role in controlling ROS. (facingourrisk.org)
- Antioxidants are believed to protect healthy cells from damage caused by unstable molecules called "free radicals," according to the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). (health.com)
- Antioxidants gobble up free radicals, destructive molecules that are implicated in heart disease and other ailments. (prweb.com)
- The study discussed also the role of membrane permeability, electrokinetic potential changes, and structural properties of native (plasmalemma) and model (DOPC) monolayers in the mechanism of EBR-induced protection, including the possibility of replacing ZEA absorbed in the membrane lipid layers by BR molecules, independently of the activation of the antioxidant system. (springer.com)
- This amounts to a whopping 20 billion molecules of free radicals produced by each cell per day. (juvenon.com)
- These molecules are the targets for the antioxidants that our bodies need to maintain cellular health. (juvenon.com)
- In plants, like in microorganisms and animals, these signal molecules seem to be involved in the cell communication systems (cross-talk), in the expression of specific genes of defence, and in the activation of the process of programmed cell death (PCD). (csic.es)
- The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of pomegranate juice and its antioxidant molecules on cellular models, to assess their efficiency of protection against peroxyl radicals under physiological conditions. (teknoscienze.com)
- The pomegranate juices and the selected antioxidant molecules were successfully absorbed by human cells. (teknoscienze.com)
- Under normal physiological conditions, ROS production is balanced by an efficient system of antioxidants: such molecules are capable of neutralizing them and thereby preventing oxidant damage. (biomedcentral.com)
- As these molecules are vital for life, metabolic reactions either focus on making these molecules during the construction of cells and tissues, or by breaking them down and using them as a source of energy, by their digestion. (wikipedia.org)
- When NRF2 is active, cells synthesize a chemical called glutathione, an important antioxidant. (eurekalert.org)
- Using a panel of pancreas organoids - spherical agglomerations of pancreas cells sampled from people with pancreatic cancer and from the healthy pancreas - they were able to observe what happens when NRF2 is completely eliminated. (eurekalert.org)
- Exposure of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to steady laminar shear stress activates the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) which binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE) and upregulates the expression of several genes. (nih.gov)
- Nrf2 and other stress signaling pathways were significantly diminished in the presence of LEC-CM. Pharmacological inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the components of thioredoxin and glutathione scavanging systems increased ROS and cell death in LEC-CM indicating that the maintenance of redox homeostasis and cell viability by LEC-CM is dependent on the PPP pathway and in particular thioredoxin system. (aacrjournals.org)
- An effective strategy for increasing the radiosensitivity of Human lung Cancer cells by blocking Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- In non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and NSCLC patients, Keap1 is often present as a biallelic mutant that results in constitutive activation of Nrf2 function, which contributes to cytoprotection against oxidative stress and xenobiotics. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Our data indicate that at least short term, mild HHcy exposure induces a cytoprotective response mediated by NRF2 in Müller cells, the duration of which in vivo is unknown, but is being investigated. (arvojournals.org)
- Each of the body's estimated 100 trillion cells requires oxygen for every one of its metabolic processes. (needs.com)
- The metabolic network is a prime target of the antioxidant machinery, as it produces both oxidizing and reducing metabolites, and thus changes in metabolism directly influence the redox balance. (embopress.org)
- Tumorigenicity and radiosensitivity of related cell lines expressing distinct p53 mutants were analyzed in parallel with key components of the antioxidant metabolic pathway. (oup.com)
- Owing to its powerful antioxidant and metabolic properties, ALA has demonstrated clinical benefits in inflammatory disorders, toxic exposures, cardiovascular diseases, skin care, weight control, cataract prevention and any number of other conditions. (livestrong.com)
- Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), especially when a primary source of energy, such as glucose, is scarce, or when cells undergo metabolic stress. (wikipedia.org)
- Isolation of the islet cells from the pancreas stresses them, leading to inflammation and islet-cell death. (innovations-report.com)
- The purpose of this study is to determine whether alpha-lipoic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine will lower systemic inflammation in patients with Sickle Cell Disease by reducing oxidative stress, which will result in a decrease in the frequency of vaso-occlusive pain episodes and improve their quality of life. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- People with sickle cell disease have more inflammation (a response of body tissues to injury or irritation) than people without sickle cell disease. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- We know from other research studies that antioxidants help with some conditions related to inflammation. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- The carotenoids are potent antioxidants, and they inhibit certain pathways of inflammation, including the cyclooxygenase pathway. (dummies.com)
- Actually, turmeric is a powerful antioxidant that has been used for centuries for its ability to reduce inflammation and treat pain. (dummies.com)
- Increasing your vitamin C intake can boost your antioxidant levels by up to 30 percent, helping to fight inflammation. (naturalnews.com)
- Vitamin E pretreatment of human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells inhibits leukocyte adhesion A therapeutic role for antioxidants in intestinal inflammation? (eurekamag.com)
- Another antioxidant that may help save your skin from sun damage and inflammation is vitamin E. Get it from vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, olives, spinach, asparagus, and leafy greens. (webmd.com)
- This was undertaken through observing how oxidative stress induced by H2O2 alters antioxidant enzyme activity within HT29 colon cancer cells, and then observing changes in this activity by treatments with the different antioxidants ascorbic acid (AA), Apo-bLF and Fe-bLF. (nih.gov)
- The interactions between two dietary antioxidants (ascorbic acid and quercetin) and cell walls isolated from Pacific Rose apples (Malus domestica Borkh. (openthesis.org)
- The interactions of cell wall materials and dietary antioxidants (L-ascorbic acid or quercetin) were investigated. (openthesis.org)
- Apple cell walls and their cell wall fractions, cooked or raw onion cell walls, commercial pectin, polygalacturonic acid and sugars were incubated with L-ascorbic acid or quercetin for various times (2-24 h) at 37°C under a range of pH values (5.5-7.5). (openthesis.org)
- Results of FRAP assays showed that the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid increased significantly, whereas that of quercetin decreased slightly, after the incubation with apple or onion cell walls. (openthesis.org)
- Onion cell walls stabilised the ascorbic acid content very effectively and apple cell walls to a lesser extent, but neither had protective effect on quercetin degradation. (openthesis.org)
- Results obtained bring a new stage of understanding to the interactions between plant cell wall materials and natural antioxidants at a molecular level, and indicate that a combination of ascorbic acid and plant cell wall materials helps to retain the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid. (openthesis.org)
- Cell-based assays are valuable tools in bio-medical research and provide vital pre-clinical information about product toxicity, mechanisms of action, and dose response. (brunswicklabs.com)
- A study of 15 phenolic acids and six flavonoids were studied for their ability to affect fat cells in laboratory cultures of mouse cells, with o-coumaric acid and rutin reported to inhibit activity of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) enzyme that forms triglycerides - fatty materials which at high levels increase the risk of heart disease. (nutraingredients.com)
- The results indicate that lutein and lycopene, but not β-carotene, inhibit cell growth in undifferentiated ARPE-19 cells. (mdpi.com)
- Our findings indicate that lutein and lycopene inhibit the growth of human RPE cells and protect the RPE against oxidative stress-induced cell loss. (mdpi.com)
- Using these pharmacologic agents, this study shows that NAC and glutathione facilitate but diamide and menadione inhibit hillock formation in cultured mesangial cells. (asnjournals.org)
- Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that can boost the natural defenses of the body, particularly the immune system. (naturalnews.com)
- Little is known about the effective means by which topical treatment of the nose can strengthen its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory defenses. (altmetric.com)
- During ischemia-reperfusion and inflammatory disorders, these defenses are overwhelmed and oxidant-mediated injury ensues, including peroxidation of cell membranes, impaired NO bioactivity, induction of leuko-cyte-endothelial adhesion, and thrombosis. (alpfmedical.info)
- A better understanding of antioxidant defenses might be more informative. (oup.com)
- mtDNA Mutagenesis Disrupts Pluripotent Stem Cell Function by Altering Redox Signaling. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- These results indicate that, by a redox-sensitive mechanism, NAC induces mesangial cells to create three-dimensional cytoarchitecture that underlies cellular differentiation. (asnjournals.org)
- Antioxidants in plant cells mainly include glutathione, ascorbate, tocopherol, proline, betaine and others, which are also information-rich redox buffers and important redox signaling components that interact with cellular compartments. (semanticscholar.org)
- Higher plant antioxidants and redox signaling under environmental stresses. (semanticscholar.org)
- Surprisingly, the most recent study on the topic from researchers at the University of Iowa (UI), published in the journal Redox Biology, suggests that vitamin C's cancer-fighting potential might come not from its antioxidant capabilities , as previously assumed. (naturalnews.com)
- Researchers from the National Institutes of Health identified 22 antioxidants that eradicated dividing cells, including two types that showed promise against drug-resistant cancer cells. (newsmax.com)
- Antioxidants "are potentially better chemotherapeutic agents than ones currently used," the researchers said in the paper. (newsmax.com)
- Researchers at the Johns Hopkins University were fruitful in preventing the progress of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using the combination of chemicals such as vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid and other antioxidant. (medindia.net)
- The researchers chose the 3T3-L1 cell line because it has been used widely for several decades as a cell model for fat cell biology research. (nutraingredients.com)
- Researchers do not understand why a few cells metastasize while other cells do not. (facingourrisk.org)
- The Texas Southwestern researchers used mice that they had injected with human melanoma cells. (americablog.com)
- A synthetic antioxidant developed by researchers at National Jewish Medical and Research Center improves the survival of islet cells used in transplants for diabetes. (innovations-report.com)
- In 2000, researchers from Edmonton, Alberta, reported new techniques that have made islet-cell transplantation a promising option for patients with type 1 diabetes. (innovations-report.com)
- The researchers used two synthetic antioxidants developed several years earlier by Dr. James Crapo, M.D., Chairman of the Department of Medicine at National Jewish, and his colleagues. (innovations-report.com)
- Antioxidants Preserve Cone Cells In the Eye ( Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Univer. (bio-medicine.org)
- WEDNESDAY, Oct. 7, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A man-made antioxidant appears to accelerate the spread of skin cancer in mice, raising questions about its safety in humans, researchers say. (health.com)
- The researchers also performed follow-up lab tests on human melanoma cells, using N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E. Both antioxidants produced similar results in the human skin cancer cells, increasing their ability to migrate and invade other cells. (health.com)
- The cannabinoid's neuroprotective properties matched or surpassed other antioxidants in the cell culture model, report National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) researchers Aidan Hampson, Ph.D., Julius Axelrod, Ph.D., and NIH colleagues. (420magazine.com)
- Researchers from Olivet Nazarene University in Bourbonnais, Illinois discovered that vitamin C and other antioxidants like epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the primary antioxidant in green tea , can reduce the harmful effects of hexavalent chromium. (naturalnews.com)
- In this study, the researchers aimed to determine whether antioxidants can help avoid cell toxicity. (naturalnews.com)
- To do so, the researchers exposed two types of human cells to different concentrations of hexavalent chromium. (naturalnews.com)
- Overall, the researchers concluded that an oxidative mechanism might be responsible for the contaminant's toxicity, which could be prevented by treating water with antioxidants. (naturalnews.com)
- The researchers were growing stem cells in various cultures and examining how well they functioned. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- The researchers discovered that when stem cells are exposed to small amounts of free radicals, their activity slows down. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- But when the researchers added increasing levels of antioxidants, they found that the antioxidants overwhelmed the free radicals so much that the antioxidants became toxic to the stem cells. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- A new study by a team of researchers from the University of Notre Dame provides an important new insight into how cancer cells are able to avoid the cell death process. (bioquicknews.com)
- Researchers derive trophoblast stem cells from mouse fibroblasts, paving the way for cell therapy for placental dysfunction diseases. (the-scientist.com)
- Despite known problems with contamination and mislabeled cell lines, most researchers continue to operate without authenticating cells' identity. (the-scientist.com)
- Researchers have identified it as a powerful antioxidant because of its flavonoid content. (supersmart.com)
- Antioxidants naturally occur in some fruits and vegetables, and are available as supplements, but Campochiaro said it remains unclear whether the amounts of antioxidants consumed in foods provided any benefit to people with these types of vision impairments. (medindia.net)
- Absence of sufficient amounts of antioxidants in the body can affect these vital organs which can result in either cardiovascular diseases such as Alzheimer's or other issues like cataracts or muscle degeneration depending upon which part of the body was affected by the free radicals. (shapefit.com)
- Typically, the fruits and vegetables with the deeper colors contain the higher amounts of antioxidants. (prweb.com)
- Culturing media which were prepared utilizing this antioxidant structured water promoted the viability of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells by up to three times. (hindawi.com)
- The water also appears to suppress the viability of cancer cell, MCF-7. (hindawi.com)
- Moreover, cell viability was decreased under hypoxic conditions. (mdpi.com)
- Effects of glucose on cell viability and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of phytochemicals and phytochemically modified membranes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Hence, Caco2 cells treated 20 h with the flavanols, especially PB2, and then submitted to an oxidative stress induced by a pro-oxidant, tert-butylhydroperoxide, showed a reduced ROS production, restricted activation of caspase 3 and higher viability than cells plainly submitted to the stressor. (csic.es)
- HEp-2 cell displayed dose dependent decreased in viability detected as early as 48 hrs. (innovareacademics.in)
- Cell Advance by VetriScience is a superior antioxidant formula providing 23 powerful antioxidants at levels designed to work with traditional and alternative therapies. (medi-vet.com)
- Cell Fuzion contains powerful antioxidants that help to neutralize harmful free radicals. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- It was subsequently shown that ALA exerted this effect by helping to recycle vitamin C. A 2005 review in "Pharmacological Reports" refers to ALA as an "antioxidant of antioxidants," due its ability to recycle glutathione, one of the most powerful antioxidants in your tissues. (livestrong.com)
- Cell Fuzion offers the most potent antioxidants in one complete formula. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- The antioxidant neutralizes the harmful free radicals generated when islet cells are isolated from the pancreas," said senior author Jon Piganelli, Ph.D., assistant professor of Pediatrics at the Diabetes Institute, Children s Hospital of Pittsburgh, and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. (innovations-report.com)
- ALA is a potent antioxidant that is capable of scavenging harmful free radicals from your tissues. (livestrong.com)
- Therefore, we assessed the role of metformin in glucose-induced activation of PKC-β2 and determined the mechanism of its effect in human umbilical venous endothelial cells grown to either normo- (5 mmol/l) or hyperglycemia (10 mmol/l) and moderately and acutely exposed to 25 mmol/l glucose. (diabetesjournals.org)
- We show that in endothelial cells, metformin inhibits hyperglycemia-induced PKC-β2 translocation because of a direct antioxidant effect. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Antioxidant effects of calcium channel blockers against free radical injury in endothelial cells. (ahajournals.org)
- The effects of four calcium channel blockers (nicardipine, nifedipine, verapamil, and diltiazem) on free radical injury in cultured endothelial cells were studied and compared with those of butylated hydroxytoluene. (ahajournals.org)
- Human endothelial cells were exposed for 1 week to constant and oscillating high glucose. (biomedcentral.com)
- The aim of this study was to compare the response in human endothelial cells of this antioxidant system during glucose oscillation to that which takes place during chronic stable glucose exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
- We therefore wanted to evaluate the chemo-preventative efficacy of Apo-bLF and 100% iron-saturated bLF (Fe-bLF) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced colon carcinogenesis, and their influence on antioxidant enzyme activities within colon carcinogenesis. (nih.gov)
- Application of 500 μM H2O2 on plant leaves resulted in the development of oxidative stress, whereas hydrogen peroxide addition into the culture medium - to the death of 50% of suspension cells. (deepdyve.com)
- Assessment of the ability of seaweed extracts to protect against hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide induced cellular damage in Caco-2 cells. (semanticscholar.org)
- We show that during hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) exposure, the polyamine transporter Tpo1 controls spermidine and spermine concentrations and mediates induction of antioxidant proteins, including Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp104 and Sod1. (embopress.org)
- In this paper we demonstrate that cancer cells are much less efficient in removing hydrogen peroxide than normal cells. (naturalnews.com)
- Thus, cancer cells are much more prone to damage and death from a high amount of hydrogen peroxide," lead researcher Garry Buettner said. (naturalnews.com)
- SE2 helps increase the number of adult stem cells or 'master cells' that are released into the bloodstream before migrating into tissues where they reproduce and become new healthy cells, effectively helping the body renew and repair itself, claimed Carter. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Conversely, poor diet, smoking and stress dampen your stem cells' ability to regenerate tissues and organs. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- It is worth noting that the age of individual cells and the age of a person don't have much to do with one another except in some long-lived tissues where the same cells operate throughout life. (fightaging.org)
- To disarm the oxidants, our bodies use antioxidants that are either produced by our tissues or absorbed from the foods we eat. (juvenon.com)
- As you know, stem cells are important for the repair of damaged tissues and organs. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- Cells in the onion tissues were more densely packed with few intercellular spaces. (openthesis.org)
- The new study, published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , looked at the effects of the flavonoids and phenolics on levels of triglyceride in the cells and GPDH activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (fat cells). (nutraingredients.com)
- High doses of antioxidants are going to have all sorts of unpredictable effects, many of them quite bad. (americablog.com)
- Antioxidants are substances that can prevent various harmful effects caused in the human body by active oxidants. (shapefit.com)
- That is the reason we must take in antioxidants in order to minimize the harmful effects of free radicals whenever they come into contact with any area of our body. (shapefit.com)
- We examined how shear stress affects the antioxidant/phase 2 enzyme activities and whether ROS mediate these effects. (nih.gov)
- This study was designed to investigate effects of various carotenoids (β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein) on RPE cells subjected to either hypoxia or oxidative stress, in order to determine if there is effect specificity for macular pigment carotenoids. (mdpi.com)
- Antioxidants can speed this process up again, which may help to slow the overall effects of aging. (prweb.com)
- Antioxidants defend against the harmful effects of free radicals, but not all antioxidants are equal. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- By helping defend against the effects of free radicals, Cell Fuzion encourages natural, healthy aging. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- Unfortunately, health concerns have emerged from the pro-oxidant photocatalytic effect of UV-irradiated TiO 2 , which mediates toxic effects on cells. (rsc.org)
- Herein, UV irradiation protocols were set up, allowing selective study of the extra-shielding effects of CeO 2 vs. TiO 2 nanoparticles on reporter cells. (rsc.org)
- TiO 2 irradiated with UV (especially UVA) exerted strong photocatalytic effects, superimposing their pro-oxidant, cell-damaging and mutagenic action when induced by UV, thereby worsening the UV toxicity. (rsc.org)
- Interestingly, CeO 2 nanoparticles also protect cells from the damage induced by irradiated TiO 2 , suggesting that these two particles may also complement their effects in solar lotions. (rsc.org)
- The mechanism of action of brassinosteroids (BRs) in plant cells under stress has not been fully explained, despite ample evidence of their protective effects. (springer.com)
- This study will investigate whether increased habitual intake of antioxidant supplements effects the concentration of endogenous antioxidants, the response of antioxidants to exercise, and. (bioportfolio.com)
- Careful consideration should be given to any conclusion about the effects of these antioxidants on LEC's due to findings of variable and limited reducing power. (arvojournals.org)
- They looked at the chemical's toxic effects on cells at concentrations of 200 parts per billion (ppb) or higher. (naturalnews.com)
- Their study is the first to use human cells to investigate the effects of hexavalent chromium and protection by antioxidants. (naturalnews.com)
- The study looked at the effects of free radicals and antioxidants on stem cells. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- Many studies of the biological effects of polyphenols in cell culture have been affected by their ability to oxidise in culture media, and awareness of this problem can avoid erroneous claims. (unboundmedicine.com)
- In conclusion, the anti-oxidative effects of Apo-bLF and Fe-bLf studied for the first time, show dynamic changes that may allow for necessary protection from imbalanced oxidative conditions, and potential at reducing the ability of cancer cells to protect themselves from oxidative stress states. (nih.gov)
- These effects might be due to direct interactions between antioxidants and cell wall monosaccharide residues on polysaccharides, or other indirect effects (e.g. cell wall materials exerted their effects on antioxidants via interactions with the inhibitor or accelerator of antioxidant activity). (openthesis.org)
- In this report, the isorhamnetin 3- o -robinobioside and its original extract, the ethyl acetate extract, from Nitraria retusa leaves, were evaluated for their ability to induce antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
- Induction of other ARE-regulated detoxification genes such as NQO1 (NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1), GST (glutathione S-transferase) and HO1 (heme oxygenase 1) by genotoxic stress was also decreased in HIPK2-deficient cells. (biologists.org)
- Taken together, these results suggest that HIPK2 is a new ATF1 kinase involved in the regulation of ferritin H and other antioxidant detoxification genes in genotoxic stress conditions. (biologists.org)
- Antioxidant responsive elements (AREs) mediate the transcriptional induction of a battery of genes which comprise much of this chemoprotective response system. (pnas.org)
- Grapefruit extract may therefore prevent cellular ageing by reducing oxidative stress-induced cell damage. (supersmart.com)
- Antioxidants, widely used in dietary supplements, are thought to protect cells against a damaging chemical reaction. (newsmax.com)
- Research on the relationship between antioxidant supplements and the spread of cancer has produced mixed results. (facingourrisk.org)
- On the contrary, some doses of antioxidant supplements have been shown to increase the incidence and death from prostate and lung cancers. (facingourrisk.org)
- You should discuss consuming dietary antioxidants and any supplements you take with your health care provider. (facingourrisk.org)
- Some antioxidants are sold as over-the-counter dietary supplements. (facingourrisk.org)
- The emerging field of stem cell nutrition has the "potential to eclipse the massive antioxidant supplement business" according to the boss of the Californian firm responsible for creating a completely new category in nutritional supplements. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Not all antioxidants are present in all organs and they help protect them from damage, so we should try to consume them in the form of natural fruits and vegetables, in the form of supplements, or in the form of physical exercise to protect ourselves from various diseases. (shapefit.com)
- Bergo recommends that people with cancer or at high risk for cancer avoid antioxidant supplements. (health.com)
- And what they found is very interesting - especially for those who take large amounts of antioxidant supplements. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- So when it comes to taking antioxidant supplements, my recommendation is to keep the doses in the reasonable range. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- Endogenous" antioxidants originate from within the cell versus "exogenous" antioxidants which originate from outside (from our food or supplements). (performancevitamins.com)
- The U.S. patent-pending InCelligence Complex found in the CellSentials™ supplements offers our cells this unique, effective and personalized antioxidant protection. (performancevitamins.com)
- The defined relative index [(malondialdehyde levels/accumulated ALA) × decreases with incubation time, reaching values of 76% for melatonin and showing that the different antioxidants tested can protect astrocytes against ALA-promoted lipid peroxidation. (ovid.com)
- The study found that antioxidants resveratrol, which is found in red wine, and genistein, found in certain plants, killed rapidly dividing cells and selectively eliminated cancer cells that were resistant to multiple drugs. (newsmax.com)
- Currently what we're trying to see is if antioxidants can selectively kill specific cancer cells. (newsmax.com)
- Myung said his group is studying to see if antioxidants can kill specific types of cancer cells, including those of the breast and ovary, and if the antioxidants harm just diseased cells or healthy cells too. (newsmax.com)
- XRAYS: Do antioxidants encourage the spread of cancer cells? (facingourrisk.org)
- A study performed in mouse models suggests that high doses of some antioxidants may make it easier for cancer cells to metastasize. (facingourrisk.org)
- Scientists think they may boost cancer cells to spread faster. (facingourrisk.org)
- Few cancer cells can survive the metastasis process to spread and grow at another site in the body. (facingourrisk.org)
- Cancer cells from four patients with non-metastatic melanoma and four patients with metastasized melanoma were injected into mice that lacked functioning immune systems. (facingourrisk.org)
- Antioxidants may help some cancer cells spread throughout the body and establish new tumors, according to new research from an oncology research group at the University of Texas Southwestern. (americablog.com)
- So it appears that the antioxidants benefitted the cancer cells in this case, more so than normal cells - at least with these melanoma cells. (americablog.com)
- Additional research will need to be done to see if antioxidants will also protect other types of metastatic cancer cells. (americablog.com)
- Cold Spring Harbor, NY - Reducing levels of antioxidants in pancreatic cancer cells can help kill them, newly published research reveals, suggesting an entirely new treatment strategy for the notoriously lethal illness, in which less than 5 percent of patients survive 5 years. (eurekalert.org)
- Of course, that's exactly what we want cancer cells to do - to burn themselves out," observes Iok In Christine Chio, a postdoctoral investigator in the Tuveson lab who led experiments reported today in the journal Cell . (eurekalert.org)
- but when it comes to killing cancer cells, they are anathema. (eurekalert.org)
- However, Bergo believes that antioxidants like N-acetylcysteine also protect cancer cells from free radicals that might otherwise slow their growth or keep them from spreading to other parts of the body. (health.com)
- Co-culture with LECs or LEC-conditioned medium (LEC-CM) protected cancer cells from death induced by the loss of homotypic cell adhesion, nutrient deprivation, or loss of matrix attachment. (aacrjournals.org)
- Combined treatment with IM3829 and radiation significantly inhibited clonogenic survival of H1299, A549, and H460 lung cancer cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Metastasis, the spread of cancer from one organ to other parts of the body, relies on cancer cells' ability to evade a cell death process called anoikis, according to Dr. Zachary T. Schafer, Coleman Assistant Professor of Cancer Biology at Notre Dame. (bioquicknews.com)
- Metastasizing cancer cells are able to survive anoikis, which normally results from detachment from the extracellular matrix. (bioquicknews.com)
- Thus, rapidly proliferating cells, for example, cancer cells or infective bacterial cells, have to compensate increased oxidant amounts, rendering them sensitive to pro‐oxidant therapies [ 6 , 7 ]. (embopress.org)
- This could explain why many clinical trials on vitamin C and cancer - most of which have used oral administration - failed to support the results seen in laboratory studies using cancer cells. (naturalnews.com)
- On the contrary, vitamin C appears to generate free radicals that tear apart cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed. (naturalnews.com)
- In prior research, the same scientists found that high-dose vitamin C selectively killed cancer cells in the laboratory, and had the same effect in mice … if the vitamin C was administered intravenously. (naturalnews.com)
- A 2015 study published in the journal Science found that in colorectal cancer cells with particular cell growth-related mutations, vitamin C induces oxidative stress and shuts down an enzyme that the cells use for reproduction. (naturalnews.com)
- This finding was particularly promising, since cancer cells with this mutation are almost entirely immune to chemotherapy. (naturalnews.com)
- Endogenous Antioxidants - Cell's Secret Weapons! (performancevitamins.com)
- These endogenous antioxidants can neutralize hundreds if not thousands of free radicals per second. (performancevitamins.com)
- Endogenous antioxidants are the powerful smart bombs that the cells themselves produce and strategically aim at the enemy army of free radicals. (performancevitamins.com)
- The nutrients in the InCelligence Complex signal our cells to produce these powerful endogenous antioxidants to protect them from free radicals. (performancevitamins.com)
- These results are consistent with the starting hypothesis and suggest that mutant K-ras may enhance ROS in lung adenocarcinoma cells through several pathways. (aacrjournals.org)
- Antioxidant flavonoids may similarly offer benefits in preventing some forms of cancer and cardiovascular problems. (supersmart.com)
- To test this, we used antioxidants, which protect cells from oxygen damage, and since they allowed many more cones to survive, it proves that the suspect is guilty. (medindia.net)
- These experiments suggest that an optimized regimen of antioxidants may help to protect patients with retinitis pigmentosa. (medindia.net)
- Antioxidants come in various types and we need them in order to protect different organs in the body. (shapefit.com)
- These macular xanthophylls protect the macula (and the broader retina) via their antioxidant and photo-protective activities. (mdpi.com)
- Thus, our findings suggest that interventions to elevate MnSOD, GPx, NADP + -ICDH, and GSH levels may protect brain cells from oxidative stress. (springer.com)
- Querecetin, rutin and hesperidin are important antioxidants that support vascular and connective tissue health maintain healthy collagen levels, and protect cell structures from free radical damage. (medi-vet.com)
- Cell Fuzion is an advanced formula designed to protect and energize mitochondrial function, sustain healthy cell cycles, and guard against DNA damage. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- Antioxidants like trans-resveratrol help protect DNA integrity. (globalhealingcenter.com)
- Antioxidants can protect against this process. (420magazine.com)
- Thus, overexpression of Cat and Gpx, alone or in combination with SOD, by use of molecular biology techniques can protect insulin-producing cells against oxidative damage. (diabetesjournals.org)
- This may represent a strategy to protect pancreatic beta-cells against destruction during the development of autoimmune diabetes and emphasizes the importance of optimal antioxidative enzyme equipment for protection against free radical-mediated diseases. (diabetesjournals.org)
- To protect human skin cells from heavy metal toxicity, we developed a new cosmetic active ingredient from Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) cultured stem cells. (ovid.com)
- Conclusions] Flavanols protect Caco2 cells against an induced oxidative stress and subsequent cellular death by reducing ROS production and preventing caspase-3 activation. (csic.es)
- LIVER HEALTH: LVR Formula offers a blend of herbs and nutrients designed to protect and promote liver cell health and tissue function. (curehelp.com)
- This mineral may help protect your skin from cells that gather free radicals. (webmd.com)
- CeO 2 nanoparticles are not only UV refractors but also potent biological antioxidants due to the surface 3+/4+ valency switch, which confers anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing and therapeutic properties. (rsc.org)
- Clinical trials have determined that increasing dietary antioxidants does not reduce cancer incidence. (facingourrisk.org)
- Dietary antioxidants are not only safe, they are also beneficial. (facingourrisk.org)
- Furthermore, the ability of CV and solid-state 13C NMR to provide information about the interactions between cell wall materials and dietary antioxidants is demonstrated for the first time. (openthesis.org)
- The objective was to evaluate the antioxidant response of colon-derived Caco2 cells to dietary flavanols. (csic.es)
- Distinguishing what makes some melanoma cells capable of metastasizing while other cells are not. (facingourrisk.org)
- Large doses of treatment-level antioxidants promoted metastasis of melanoma cells in mice that lacked functional immune systems. (facingourrisk.org)
- Dr. Sean Morrison and colleagues at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center looked at the capability of metastasized melanoma cells to withstand oxidative stress. (facingourrisk.org)
- How oxidative stress and antioxidants affect the ability of melanoma cells to metastasize. (facingourrisk.org)
- Melanoma cells that successfully metastasized withstood oxidative stress. (facingourrisk.org)
- This was confirmed by researches when they implanted the human melanoma cells in the test mice. (americablog.com)
- Patients with sickle cell disease have reduced blood antioxidant protection. (nih.gov)
- A pain "episode" or "crisis" is the most common symptom of sickle cell disease, and the top reason that people with the disease go to the emergency room or hospital. (causes.com)
- Sickle cell disease is as common as cystic fibrosis, yet less is known about the severe complications that can lead to death in sickle cell disease patients. (causes.com)
- To Promote the issues surrounding sickle cell disease, because these issues are a political hot bed. (causes.com)
- It is also important to remember that the doses of antioxidants used in this study and others like it were designed for treatment, and were therefore much higher than what would normally be consumed in a healthy diet. (facingourrisk.org)
- Large doses of the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) promoted metastasis . (facingourrisk.org)
- The authors concluded that we need to be careful when giving large doses of antioxidants. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- Readers who have been following me for a long time know that I have been cautioning against excessively high doses of antioxidants for the past 25 years. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- And none of the antioxidants in QuickStart are in excessively high doses. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- While the body metabolizes oxygen very efficiently, 1% or 2% of cells will get damaged in the process and turn into free radicals," he says. (medicinenet.com)
- Oxygen damage is also called 'oxidative damage' and can be reduced by antioxidants. (medindia.net)
- This was the clue that the high oxygen levels that occur naturally in the retina after rods die was the suspect regarding cone cell death. (medindia.net)
- What's clear is the link between oxygen and photoreceptor damage, as well as the potential of antioxidant treatment,' Campochiaro said. (medindia.net)
- In this process some types of oxygen species interfere with the normal cell metabolism. (americablog.com)
- While doing so, oxygen produces free radicals which in turn produce chain reactions in cells that may eventually lead to the death of the cell. (shapefit.com)
- Lon protects the mitochondria - tiny organisms in the cell that convert oxygen into energy. (fightaging.org)
- Unlike other cells, stem cells do not like oxygen. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- This is probably because when cells use oxygen, they also produce free radicals. (secondopinionnewsletter.com)
- We observed significantly increased radical oxygen species production in cells grown in hyperglycemia medium, and this effect was abolished by metformin. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Home / Library / Antioxidants / Oxygen Supplementation: Breathe Nourishment Into Your Cells - A Q&A with Michelle Schoffro Cook, D.N.M., D.A.C., C.N.C., C.I.T.P. (needs.com)
- Oxygen energizes cells so they can regenerate and provides vital cellular flexibility. (needs.com)
- The more we saturate our cells with stabilized oxygen, the lower the rate of wear and tear on our bodies. (needs.com)
- The challenge, then, is clear: To get oxygen not only into our bodies, but directly into the cells where it can fight pathogens, burn up toxins, and support overall internal health. (needs.com)
- Without sufficient oxygen, cells simply cannot function properly and disease can set in. (needs.com)
- More recently, Dr. Stephen Levine, a molecular biologist and nutrition researcher, said the same thing: hypoxia-low oxygen levels in the cells-results in disease. (needs.com)
- As well, the poor distribution efficiency for oxygen through plant organs or high rates of cellular metabolism in dividing meristem cells can induce a severe drop of plant internal oxygen concentrations. (frontiersin.org)
- Oxygen deprivation stress in plant cells includes three different states characterized by different oxygen concentrations: hypoxia, anoxia, and re-oxygenation. (frontiersin.org)