Cell Nucleolus

Catharanthus

Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids

Madagascar

Mitosis

Vinca

Cell Division

Neoplasms

Nuclei10

• Close-ups of cell nuclei in a human cell culture: HMGB1 protein (green) is usually found throughout the nucleus (dotted line). (mpg.de)
• Endocervical smear: sheet of atypical cells of glandular type with enlarged nuclei and a regular chromatin pattern. (iarc.fr)
• Using histone-fluorescent parental isolates, we tracked male and female nuclei during fertilisation in the model ascomycetes Neurospora crassa using live-cell-imaging. (exeter.ac.uk)
• Higher magnification showing enlarged vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, indistinct cell borders, and the inflammatory component. (webpathology.com)
• The term mitosis refers specifically to the process whereby the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell splits into two identical daughter nuclei prior to cell division. (visionlearning.com)
• In other cases the two nuclei place themselves side by side, the nuclear membrane between them disappears, and the contents fuse togethernuclear thread with nuclear thread, and nucleolus with nucleolusso completely that the separate constituents of the nuclei are not visible. (yourdictionary.com)
• These acids are found in the nuclei of cells and help to synthesize proteins, replicate cells, store and transmit cellular information, and govern the cell's chemical processes. (yourdictionary.com)
• c) Cells with abundant granular to glassy cytoplasm and nuclei with coarse irregularly distributed chromatin and macroprominent nucleoli (Pap, ×40). (cytojournal.com)
• however, the presence of large rhabdoid cells and tissue fragments of round to oval hyperchromatic nuclei with scant cytoplasm cells excluded adenocarcinoma. (cytojournal.com)
• Histologic examination revealed a hypercellular tumoral proliferation formed by large atypical monomorphic cells with large vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant light eosinophilic cytoplasm. (medscape.com)

Prominent4

• Histopathological analysis of the biopsy showed sheets of epithelioid cells with prominent nucleoli and vesicular cells on a routine haematoxylin and eosin stain (fig 3). (bmj.com)
• The background comprises prominent eosinophils with plasma cells and small lymphocytes. (radiopaedia.org)
• The superficial epithelium is characterized by hyperkeratosis, a thickening of the granular cell layer, and enlarged squamous cells containing a large open nucleus, with an accompanying prominent nucleolus. (cdc.gov)
• The cells are larger than in CLL, with a prominent central nucleolus . (yourdictionary.com)

Nucleus10

• As the researchers found out, BPTAS is caused by a special genetic change that causes an essential protein to migrate to the nucleolus, a large proteinaceous droplet in the cell nucleus. (mpg.de)
• This protein has the task of organizing the genetic material in the cell nucleus and facilitates the interaction of other molecules with the DNA, for example to read genes. (mpg.de)
• Immunofluorescent staining of human cell line U-2 OS shows positivity in nucleus but not nucleoli, plasma membrane, nor cytoplasm. (sigmaaldrich.com)
• But what all these life forms have in common is that their genetic code is copied from cell to cell thanks to the process of mitosis, whereby the nucleus of a cell splits into two before the cell divides. (visionlearning.com)
• Chromosomes are made of a material called chromatin, which is dispersed throughout the cell nucleus during interphase. (visionlearning.com)
• Wager speaks with greater reserve, acknowledging, however, the central body to be a nucleus of a rudimentary type, but devoid of nuclear membrane and nucleolus . (yourdictionary.com)
• The nucleolus is elongated, and its longest measurement lies in the direction of the equatorial plane of the nucleus. (yourdictionary.com)
• In the earlier accepted notion of direct segmentation, usually known as the schema of Remak, division was described as commencing in the nucleolus , as thereafter spreading to the nucleus, and as ultimately implicating the cell-substance. (yourdictionary.com)
• The ORF3 protein also enters the cell nucleus, specifically targeting the nucleolus . (yourdictionary.com)
• This latter feature differentiates Trichamoeba from the otherwise similar Saccamoeba which has a nucleus with a single large nucleolus . (yourdictionary.com)

Chromatin1

• the chromatin and the nuclear-cellular ratio (N/C) of each plasma cell. (bvsalud.org)

Eukaryotic cells3

• Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a multifunctional phosphoprotein localized predominantly within the nucleoli of eukaryotic cells. (harvard.edu)
• Students will know the names and functions of the major organelles found in eukaryotic cells. (ti.com)
• Mitochondria exist in most eukaryotic cells and play a very important role in oxidative metabolism by generating ATP as an energy source. (dojindo.com)

Vesicular1

• Haematoxylin and eosin stain showing epithelioid cells and vesicular cells and pigment. (bmj.com)

Cytoplasm3

• Immunofluorescent staining of human cell line U-251MG shows positivity in cytoplasm. (sigmaaldrich.com)
• However, most of the tumor was more cellular, consisting of closely-spaced, overlapping, anaplastic round cells with scant cytoplasm and readily identifiable mitotic activity. (pathologyoutlines.com)
• Membraneless intracellular compartments formed through liquid-liquid phase separation from the surrounding CYTOPLASM or nucleoplasm or by the concentration of proteins and nucleic acids into droplets as they aggregate on static cellular structures such as CELL MEMBRANES. (bvsalud.org)

Nucleoplasm1

• Nucleolar components involved in ribosome biogenesis cycle between the nucleolus and nucleoplasm in interphase cells. (yourdictionary.com)

Membranes11

• We believe the answer is probable, since some of the systemic disease clinical manifestations of COVID-19 cannot be explained solely by the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins with cell membranes of tissues that exhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (frontiersin.org)
• The most commonly stained cell components are cell membranes, proteins, and nucleotides. (dojindo.com)
• Small neutral molecules and positively charged molecules can pass through viable cell membranes and remain inside of cells, depending on their reactivity or hydrophilicity. (dojindo.com)
• Negatively charged molecules cannot pass through viable cell membranes. (dojindo.com)
• Ester can pass through viable cell membranes, where it is hydrolyzed by cellular esterases into a negatively charged molecule under physiological conditions. (dojindo.com)
• These compounds are neutral molecules that pass through cell membranes and covalently conjugate with cell proteins. (dojindo.com)
• CFSE is also an ester compound that passes through viable cell membranes. (dojindo.com)
• MitoRed and Rh123 readily pass through cell membranes and accumulate in mitochondria. (dojindo.com)
• Cell membranes of viable cells are impermeable to these fluorescent dyes,except for the Hoechst dyes, and these dyes can therefore be used as fluorescent indicators of dead cells. (dojindo.com)
• Hoechst dyes are positively charged under physiological conditions and can pass through viable cell membranes. (dojindo.com)
• Acute tip re-orientation occurred only in cells where forward growth was countered by hyphal friction sufficient to generate a tip force of ∼ 8.7 μN (1.2 MPa), more than that required to penetrate host-cell membranes. (exeter.ac.uk)

Protein3

• The particular EMG1 gene mutation known to cause Bowen-Conradi syndrome is thought to make the protein unstable, resulting in a decrease in the amount of EMG1 protein that is available in the nucleolus. (medlineplus.gov)
• As a PhD student with Alex Brand in the Aberdeen Fungal Group and a post-doc with Rob Arkowitz in Nice, I generated novel techniques via cross-faculty approaches to define previously-impossible-to-measure live-cell applied-forces and fluorescent protein dynamics within invasive pathogenic fungi against tissue-soft substrates. (exeter.ac.uk)
• Genes Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)

Squamous3

• Only a few tumours have been reported originating from this location including lymphoma, 1 Kaposi's sarcoma, 2 adenocarcinoma, 3 angiofibroma, 4 and squamous cell carcinoma. (bmj.com)
• Squamous cell carcinoma. (cytojournal.com)
• Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was excluded since the spindle cells that are present in this case look different from pleomorphic cells such as "tadpole" and "fiber" cells that are seen particularly in keratinizing type of SCC. (cytojournal.com)

Mutations2

• which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
• There is evidence that cell proliferation in Spitz nevi, as in other types of nevi and in melanoma, is primarily mediated by activating mutations affecting genes in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK-MAP kinase pathway. (medscape.com)

Nuclear4

• However, the sequential fungal cell biology of fertilisation and the associated nuclear dynamics after plasmogamy are poorly understood. (exeter.ac.uk)
• In most cell types chromocenters are attached to the nuclear lamina or to nucleoli. (cipsm.de)
• The nucleolus appears to form a part of t-he Linin network, but has usually also a strong affinity for nuclear stains. (yourdictionary.com)
• I, B) out of which is evolved the nucleolus and nuclear network (figs. (yourdictionary.com)

Epithelioid cells1

• Histopathological examination of the tumor mass revealed an admixture of spindle cells and epithelioid cells. (cytojournal.com)

Proliferation compr1

• Microscopy: two core biopsies of skeletal muscle and fibrous tissue which are infiltrated by a lymphoid proliferation comprising large malignant cells. (radiopaedia.org)

Apoptosis3

• SPIN1 ablation activates p53, suppresses cell growth, reduces clonogenic ability, and induces apoptosis of human cancer cells. (elifesciences.org)
• To investigate the effect of gambogic acid (GA) on apoptosis in the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line. (wjgnet.com)
• Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling and Hoechst 33342 staining, and quantified by flow cytometry. (wjgnet.com)

Cellular2

• The proper regulation and spatial organization of heterochromatin is crucial for a broad range of cellular processes, ranging from gene silencing to maintenance of genomic integrity and cell division. (cipsm.de)
• Testing of IgG autoantibodies to human cellular antigens was performed by the HEp-2 cell immunofluorescence assay using slides from INOVA Diagnostics, San Diego, CA (Cat # 508100) following the manufacturer's instructions. (cdc.gov)

Tumor cells3

• The Warburg effect is the enhanced conversion of glucose to lactate observed in tumor cells, even in the presence of normal levels of oxygen. (sigmaaldrich.com)
• The tumor cells are bland, spindled or round, and lie within a myxoid matrix. (pathologyoutlines.com)
• Tumor cells were arranged in solid sheets [Fig. 2(A)]. Numerous mitosis and necrosis were observed. (medscape.com)

Replicate1

• Some cells replicate faster and others slower, and the entire process can be interrupted. (visionlearning.com)

Large7

• Some of which are mummified and some have large nucleoli. (radiopaedia.org)
• The large cells are also positive with MUM1. (radiopaedia.org)
• MUM1 is positive for BCL6 is negative within these large cells. (radiopaedia.org)
• Ki67 shows a high proliferation rate within the malignant large cells. (radiopaedia.org)
• d) Large bizarre cells with strap-like, rhabdoid morphology (Pap, ×20). (cytojournal.com)
• [ 1 ] Several subtypes of medulloblastoma have been recognized including: (1) desmoplastic/nodular type, (2) medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity, (3) large-cell variant, and (4) anaplastic medulloblastoma. (medscape.com)
• Malignant proliferation showing large monomorphic cells with some epithelioid (A1E/AE3) or angiocentric aspects without clear vascular differentiation. (medscape.com)

Atypia1

• The World Health Organization recognizes some variations of osteosarcoma, which differ in location, clinical presentation and level of cell atypia. (bvsalud.org)

Assays2

• Fluorescent esterase substrates may also be used in cell viability assays in place of tetrazolium analogs such as MTT or WST. (dojindo.com)
• Relative cell viability was assessed using MTT assays. (wjgnet.com)

Membrane6

• Positively charged molecules are usually cell membrane permeable and accumulate in mitochondria. (dojindo.com)
• Since it has an amine-reactive succinimidyl group, fluorescein derived from CFSE can covalently bond to proteins or other amino groups in the cell or on the cell membrane. (dojindo.com)
• Human cells have a surface membrane (called the cell membrane) that holds the contents together. (msdmanuals.com)
• However, this membrane is not just a sac, it is an active participant in the life of a cell. (msdmanuals.com)
• The membrane controls what chemicals and other substances can enter and leave the cell. (msdmanuals.com)
• The membrane also has receptors that identify the cell to other cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Structures4

• Various activities and structures of a cell can be targeted for staining with fluorescent compounds (Fig. 1). (dojindo.com)
• Scientists in the preceding years had already been seeing faint structures in cells , but their dyes were not good enough to reveal what any of these structures did. (visionlearning.com)
• Throughout the 19th century, as microscopes developed, scientists had been seeing clues of structures in dividing cells of eukaryotes . (visionlearning.com)
• Unfortunately, the dyes killed the cells, and since the structures under the microscope were difficult to see as it was, Flemming's forerunners weren't sure they were seeing anything characteristic of a live, functional cell. (visionlearning.com)

Lysate2

• The patient received 20 sessions of radiotherapy (50 Gy) to the right maxillary antrum, and also immunological therapy (vaccination with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with allogenic tumour lysate, and whole body hyperthermia accompanied by low dose interferon). (bmj.com)
• WB: Wild type HAP1, HEK293, A431, wild-type A549 and wild-type Jurkat whole cell lysate. (abcam.com)

Divides1

• This cell, the zygote, divides many times, and as it divides, the descendant cells develop different characteristics and functions. (msdmanuals.com)

Spindle2

• Synonyms include Spitz's nevus, Spitz tumor, and spindle and epithelioid cell nevus. (medscape.com)
• Pigmented spindle cell nevus (Reed nevus) is regarded by most authorities as a clinically and histologically distinct variant of Spitz nevus. (medscape.com)

Viability2

• These esterase substrates, therefore, can serve as assay probes of cell viability. (dojindo.com)
• Although the typical size is about 0.5-2 mm, the shape, abundance, and location of mitochondria vary by cell type, cell cycle, and cell viability.Therefore, visualization of mitochondra is important. (dojindo.com)

Lymphoid1

• This immunophenotype excluded a carcinoma, a lymphoid, melanocytic, germ cell, or neuroglial proliferation, and the diagnosis of sellar and suprasellar epithelioid angiosarcoma was made. (medscape.com)

Immunological1

• Immunological cell death (ICD) is correlated with chemoresistance. (bvsalud.org)

Vitro4

• H-29 cells were used for in vitro experiments in this study. (wjgnet.com)
• All compounds were evaluated for their estrogen-like effects on MCF-7 cells in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
• The results showed that compounds 1-4 significantly promoted the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, and the proliferation was antagonized by the specific ER antagonist ICI182,780, suggesting that compounds 1-4 might have the estrogen-like effect in vitro potentially. (bvsalud.org)
• In vitro primary neuronal cells were obtained from the hippocampus of rat embryos and were treated with CORT, and MAD2B overexpression was performed using lentivirus. (bvsalud.org)

Tissues1

• Tissues and Organs Tissues are related cells that are joined together. (msdmanuals.com)

Metabolism1

• 2011. Regulation of cancer cell metabolism. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Mitochondria1

• The average number of mitochondria per cell is from 100 to 2,000. (dojindo.com)

Dyes1

• This killed the cells, just as the earlier dyes had killed the cells of other laboratory animals. (visionlearning.com)

Cycle1

• In Cell Division I: The Cell Cycle , we learned that Flemming observed how chromosomes became visible in patterns that repeated each time the cells of fire salamanders divided. (visionlearning.com)

Functional1

• Ester is a suitable functional group for staining viable cells. (dojindo.com)

Human2

• Human cells vary in size, but all are quite small. (msdmanuals.com)
• In addition to human cells, the human body has foreign cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Morphology1

• To evaluate the survival of patients according to plasma cell morphology. (bvsalud.org)

Fluorescent5

• Visualization of a cell with fluorescent compounds provides a wide variety of information for the analysis of cell functions. (dojindo.com)
• Succinimidyl ester compounds can also be used to improve retention of the fluorescent derivative within the cell. (dojindo.com)
• Nucleotide staining with fluorescent intercalators is mostly used for dead cell detection. (dojindo.com)
• Once converted into fluorescent products by esterase, these compounds are retained by cells because of their negative charges. (dojindo.com)
• Fluorescent staining using CTC is another method used to detect viable bacterial cells. (dojindo.com)

Shows1

• The nucleolus shows an unstainable point at the centre known as the endonucleolus or nucleoluolus (Auerbach). (yourdictionary.com)

Type2

• The rate at which mitosis occurs depends on the cell type. (visionlearning.com)
• low mitotic rate TYPES ▪ Embryonic origin of GI tract (e.g. foregut, midgut, hindgut) Foregut tumors (e.g. stomach) ▪ Type I ▫ Most common ▫ Originates from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells ▫ In association with high gastrin levels secondary to chronic atrophic gastritis ▫ Small, usually benign ▪ Type II ▫ Originates from ECL cells ▫ In association with high gastrin levels induced by gastrinomas (e.g. (osmosis.org)

Plasma7

• Objective: To identify the different types of plasma cells in multiple myeloma. (bvsalud.org)
• Each plasma cell was identifid by the letter P followed by 3 digits. (bvsalud.org)
• intermediate plasma cells and mature plasma cells. (bvsalud.org)
• Results: Morphological aspects of plasma cells of 55 cases of multiple myeloma from 2004 to 2010 were analyzed in two laboratories in Kinshasa. (bvsalud.org)
• increased levels of aberrant and immature plasma cells. (bvsalud.org)
• The integration of these aberrant and immature plasma cells in the definitions of survival groups showed that the group of good responders represented 38.2 of patients. (bvsalud.org)
• Conclusion: We found a great number of aberrant and immature plasma cells. (bvsalud.org)

Contrast2

• Students will be able to contrast different cell types (plant and animal cells), based on their structure and function. (ti.com)
• We observed a significant increase in IFN-γ-producing CD8 + T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of immunocompetent mice that repeatedly aspirated A. fumigatus conidia in contrast to mice challenged with A. versicolor , a species that is not typically associated with invasive, disseminated disease. (cdc.gov)

Molecules2

• Covalently conjugated molecules can stay in the cell for several weeks. (dojindo.com)
• Calcein and BCECF can be converted into electrically neutral molecules by the addition of acetyl or acetoxymethyl groups to their phenolic OH or carboxylic groups, which allows them to freely permeate into the cell. (dojindo.com)

Organisms1

• I joined the MRC CMM in 2021 as Senior Experimental Officer to support the CMM teams with experimental, technological and analytical know-how to visualise and measure how fungal pathogens respond, regulate and impinge on host model organisms at the single-cell level. (exeter.ac.uk)

Freely1

• Some cells, such as blood cells, move freely in the blood and are not attached to each other. (msdmanuals.com)

Multiple1

• Intrinsic cardiac neuronal somata varied in size and shape, up to 36% containing multiple nucleoli. (nih.gov)

Types1

• The body is composed of many different types of cells, each with its own structure and function. (msdmanuals.com)

Lung1

• Airway IFN-γ + CD8 + T-cells were decreased and lung germination was eliminated in mice that aspirated A. fumigatus conidia that were formaldehyde-fixed or heat-inactivated. (cdc.gov)

Method1

• The advantage of this method is very quick detection and the possibility of detecting VNC (viable but non-culturable) bacterial cells. (dojindo.com)

Blood3

• Neutrophilia may result from a shift of cells from the marginal to the circulating pool (shift neutrophilia) without an increase in the total blood granulocyte pool (TBGP) or from a true increase in TBGP size (true neutrophilia). (medscape.com)
• During early infection, the neutrophil count may actually decrease briefly because of margination of cells from the blood. (medscape.com)
• This is followed rapidly by egress of cells from the marrow, resulting in an increase in the TBGP and blood neutrophilia. (medscape.com)

Single1

• After the egg and sperm join together (fertilization), the fertilized egg is just a single cell. (msdmanuals.com)

Normal1

• Compare with normal columnar cells. (iarc.fr)

Light1

• This effect is due to the depth and density of the pigmented cells (or melanin granule dispersion) and the physical properties of light absorption and reflection described by the Tyndall light phenomenon or effect. (medscape.com)

Visible1

• Nucleoli are occasionally visible. (iarc.fr)