Cell biology. Medical search

The study of the structure, behavior, growth, reproduction, and pathology of cells; and the function and chemistry of cellular components.

One of the BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES concerned with the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of animals, plants, and microorganisms.

Comprehensive, methodical analysis of complex biological systems by monitoring responses to perturbations of biological processes. Large scale, computerized collection and analysis of the data are used to develop and test models of biological systems.

A discipline concerned with studying biological phenomena in terms of the chemical and physical interactions of molecules.

The field of biology which deals with the process of the growth and differentiation of an organism.

The fundamental, structural, and functional units or subunits of living organisms. They are composed of CYTOPLASM containing various ORGANELLES and a CELL MEMBRANE boundary.

A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories for solving biological problems including manipulation of models and datasets.

A field of biological research combining engineering in the formulation, design, and building (synthesis) of novel biological structures, functions, and systems.

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Societies whose membership is limited to scientists.

Cellular processes, properties, and characteristics.

Time period from 2001 through 2100 of the common era.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Cellular functions, mechanisms, and activities.

Methods used to study CELLS.

A field of medicine concerned with developing and using strategies aimed at repair or replacement of damaged, diseased, or metabolically deficient organs, tissues, and cells via TISSUE ENGINEERING; CELL TRANSPLANTATION; and ARTIFICIAL ORGANS and BIOARTIFICIAL ORGANS and tissues.

Nonparasitic free-living flatworms of the class Turbellaria. The most common genera are Dugesia, formerly Planaria, which lives in water, and Bipalium, which lives on land. Geoplana occurs in South America and California.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

Cells with high proliferative and self renewal capacities derived from adults.

The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo.

The study of the composition, chemical structures, and chemical reactions of living things.

The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Cells derived from the BLASTOCYST INNER CELL MASS which forms before implantation in the uterine wall. They retain the ability to divide, proliferate and provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

The transfer of STEM CELLS from one individual to another within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or between species (XENOTRANSPLANTATION), or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). The source and location of the stem cells determines their potency or pluripotency to differentiate into various cell types.

The systematic study of the complete DNA sequences (GENOME) of organisms.

Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro.

Experimentation on STEM CELLS and on the use of stem cells.

Highly proliferative, self-renewing, and colony-forming stem cells which give rise to NEOPLASMS.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A medical specialty concerned with the hypersensitivity of the individual to foreign substances and protection from the resultant infection or disorder.

Specific particles of membrane-bound organized living substances present in eukaryotic cells, such as the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES.

Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

The use of instrumentation and techniques for visualizing material and details that cannot be seen by the unaided eye. It is usually done by enlarging images, transmitted by light or electron beams, with optical or magnetic lenses that magnify the entire image field. With scanning microscopy, images are generated by collecting output from the specimen in a point-by-point fashion, on a magnified scale, as it is scanned by a narrow beam of light or electrons, a laser, a conductive probe, or a topographical probe.

The study of the structure, growth, activities, and functions of NEURONS and the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Cells that can give rise to cells of the three different GERM LAYERS.

Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.

Interacting DNA-encoded regulatory subsystems in the GENOME that coordinate input from activator and repressor TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS during development, cell differentiation, or in response to environmental cues. The networks function to ultimately specify expression of particular sets of GENES for specific conditions, times, or locations.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

The application of engineering principles and methods to living organisms or biological systems.

Methods utilizing the principles of MICROFLUIDICS for sample handling, reagent mixing, and separation and detection of specific components in fluids.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A particular zone of tissue composed of a specialized microenvironment where stem cells are retained in a undifferentiated, self-renewable state.

Generating tissue in vitro for clinical applications, such as replacing wounded tissues or impaired organs. The use of TISSUE SCAFFOLDING enables the generation of complex multi-layered tissues and tissue structures.

Auditory and visual instructional materials.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm.

A plant genus of the family CAPPARACEAE that contains cleogynol and 15alpha-acetoxycleomblynol (dammaranes) and 1-epibrachyacarpone (a triterpene), and ISOTHIOCYANATES.

The study of the development of an organism during the embryonic and fetal stages of life.

The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., GENETIC ENGINEERING) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include TRANSFECTION and CLONING technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction.

Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program.

A definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown.

Artificial organs that are composites of biomaterials and cells. The biomaterial can act as a membrane (container) as in BIOARTIFICIAL LIVER or a scaffold as in bioartificial skin.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

The development and use of techniques to study physical phenomena and construct structures in the nanoscale size range or smaller.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.

Directed modification of the gene complement of a living organism by such techniques as altering the DNA, substituting genetic material by means of a virus, transplanting whole nuclei, transplanting cell hybrids, etc.

The process that reverts CELL NUCLEI of fully differentiated somatic cells to a pluripotent or totipotent state. This process can be achieved to a certain extent by NUCLEAR TRANSFER TECHNIQUES, such as fusing somatic cell nuclei with enucleated pluripotent embryonic stem cells or enucleated totipotent oocytes. GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING of the fused hybrid cells is used to determine the degree of reprogramming. Dramatic results of nuclear reprogramming include the generation of cloned mammals, such as Dolly the sheep in 1997.

Warm-blooded vertebrate animals belonging to the class Mammalia, including all that possess hair and suckle their young.

Publications in any medium issued in successive parts bearing numerical or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983, p203)

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.

A reverse developmental process in which terminally differentiated cells with specialized functions revert back to a less differentiated stage within their own CELL LINEAGE.

Complex sets of enzymatic reactions connected to each other via their product and substrate metabolites.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

Educational institutions providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees.

The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.

Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.

The educational process of instructing.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

Manufacturing technology for making microscopic devices in the micrometer range (typically 1-100 micrometers), such as integrated circuits or MEMS. The process usually involves replication and parallel fabrication of hundreds or millions of identical structures using various thin film deposition techniques and carried out in environmentally-controlled clean rooms.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

The study of natural phenomena by observation, measurement, and experimentation.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

Components of a cell.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

The study of fluid channels and chambers of tiny dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers and volumes of nanoliters or picoliters. This is of interest in biological MICROCIRCULATION and used in MICROCHEMISTRY and INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs, 21-25 nucleotides in length generated from single-stranded microRNA gene transcripts by the same RIBONUCLEASE III, Dicer, that produces small interfering RNAs (RNA, SMALL INTERFERING). They become part of the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX and repress the translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) of target RNA by binding to homologous 3'UTR region as an imperfect match. The small temporal RNAs (stRNAs), let-7 and lin-4, from C. elegans, are the first 2 miRNAs discovered, and are from a class of miRNAs involved in developmental timing.

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

Research that involves the application of the natural sciences, especially biology and physiology, to medicine.

The quality of surface form or outline of the CELL NUCLEUS.

A gene silencing phenomenon whereby specific dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) trigger the degradation of homologous mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). The specific dsRNAs are processed into SMALL INTERFERING RNA (siRNA) which serves as a guide for cleavage of the homologous mRNA in the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX. DNA METHYLATION may also be triggered during this process.

Proteins which are involved in the phenomenon of light emission in living systems. Included are the "enzymatic" and "non-enzymatic" types of system with or without the presence of oxygen or co-factors.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

A genetic process by which the adult organism is realized via mechanisms that lead to the restriction in the possible fates of cells, eventually leading to their differentiated state. Mechanisms involved cause heritable changes to cells without changes to DNA sequence such as DNA METHYLATION; HISTONE modification; DNA REPLICATION TIMING; NUCLEOSOME positioning; and heterochromatization which result in selective gene expression or repression.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Any of several ways in which living cells of an organism communicate with one another, whether by direct contact between cells or by means of chemical signals carried by neurotransmitter substances, hormones, and cyclic AMP.

The quality of surface form or outline of CELLS.

The life of a person written by himself or herself. (Harrod's Librarians' Glossary, 7th ed)

Recording serial images of a process at regular intervals spaced out over a longer period of time than the time in which the recordings will be played back.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

Local surroundings with which cells interact by processing various chemical and physical signals, and by contributing their own effects to this environment.

Methods for determining interaction between PROTEINS.

Silicone polymers which consist of silicon atoms substituted with methyl groups and linked by oxygen atoms. They comprise a series of biocompatible materials used as liquids, gels or solids; as film for artificial membranes, gels for implants, and liquids for drug vehicles; and as antifoaming agents.

Transference of cells within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

Tomography using x-ray transmission.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.

A course of study offered by an educational institution.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

The process of finding chemicals for potential therapeutic use.

Basic functional unit of plants.

The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include pharmacokinetics, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Agents that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.

Rapid methods of measuring the effects of an agent in a biological or chemical assay. The assay usually involves some form of automation or a way to conduct multiple assays at the same time using sample arrays.

A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.

Cells of the higher organisms, containing a true nucleus bounded by a nuclear membrane.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Assaying the products of or monitoring various biochemical processes and reactions in an individual cell.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms at various stages during GAMETOGENESIS.

The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Databases devoted to knowledge about specific genes and gene products.

Unequal cell division that results in daughter cells of different sizes.

Cells from adult organisms that have been reprogrammed into a pluripotential state similar to that of EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS.

The assessing of academic or educational achievement. It includes all aspects of testing and test construction.

Self-renewing cells that generate the main phenotypes of the nervous system in both the embryo and adult. Neural stem cells are precursors to both NEURONS and NEUROGLIA.

The processes whereby the internal environment of an organism tends to remain balanced and stable.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.

Orientation of intracellular structures especially with respect to the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Proteins that originate from insect species belonging to the genus DROSOPHILA. The proteins from the most intensely studied species of Drosophila, DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER, are the subject of much interest in the area of MORPHOGENESIS and development.

The application of discoveries generated by laboratory research and preclinical studies to the development of clinical trials and studies in humans. A second area of translational research concerns enhancing the adoption of best practices.

The use of molecularly targeted imaging probes to localize and/or monitor biochemical and cellular processes via various imaging modalities that include RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; FLUORESCENCE IMAGING; and MICROSCOPY.

The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

Acquisition of knowledge as a result of instruction in a formal course of study.

A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.

Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. ENDOSOMES play a central role in endocytosis.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

The science and application of a double-beam transmission interference microscope in which the illuminating light beam is split into two paths. One beam passes through the specimen while the other beam reflects off a reference mirror before joining and interfering with the other. The observed optical path difference between the two beams can be measured and used to discriminate minute differences in thickness and refraction of non-stained transparent specimens, such as living cells in culture.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS.

Elongated, spindle-shaped, quiescent myoblasts lying in close contact with adult skeletal muscle. They are thought to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration.

Chromosomal, biochemical, intracellular, and other methods used in the study of genetics.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

An exotic species of the family CYPRINIDAE, originally from Asia, that has been introduced in North America. They are used in embryological studies and to study the effects of certain chemicals on development.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

A tube-like invagination of the EPIDERMIS from which the hair shaft develops and into which SEBACEOUS GLANDS open. The hair follicle is lined by a cellular inner and outer root sheath of epidermal origin and is invested with a fibrous sheath derived from the dermis. (Stedman, 26th ed) Follicles of very long hairs extend into the subcutaneous layer of tissue under the SKIN.

A species of nematode that is widely used in biological, biochemical, and genetic studies.

Any of a variety of procedures which use biomolecular probes to measure the presence or concentration of biological molecules, biological structures, microorganisms, etc., by translating a biochemical interaction at the probe surface into a quantifiable physical signal.

Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.

The study of those aspects of energy and matter in terms of elementary principles and laws. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Components of the cytoplasm excluding the CYTOSOL.

Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and ARCHAEA), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including ANIMALS; PLANTS; FUNGI; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of systems, processes, or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The developmental entity of a fertilized egg (ZYGOTE) in animal species other than MAMMALS. For chickens, use CHICK EMBRYO.

Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.

A mechanism of communication with a physiological system for homeostasis, adaptation, etc. Physiological feedback is mediated through extensive feedback mechanisms that use physiological cues as feedback loop signals to control other systems.

The process of germ cell development from the primordial GERM CELLS to the mature haploid GAMETES: ova in the female (OOGENESIS) or sperm in the male (SPERMATOGENESIS).

A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

The performance of dissections, injections, surgery, etc., by the use of micromanipulators (attachments to a microscope) that manipulate tiny instruments.

How cells (might) sense microgravity. (1/414)

This article is a summary of a lecture presented at an ESA/NASA Workshop on Cell and Molecular Biology Research in Space that convened in Leuven, Belgium, in June 1998. Recent studies are reviewed which suggest that cells may sense mechanical stresses, including those due to gravity, through changes in the balance of forces that are transmitted across transmembrane adhesion receptors that link the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix and to other cells (e.g., integrins, cadherins, selectins). The mechanism by which these mechanical signals are transduced and converted into a biochemical response appears to be based, in part, on the finding that living cells use a tension-dependent form of architecture, known as tensegrity, to organize and stabilize their cytoskeleton. Because of tensegrity, the cellular response to stress differs depending on the level of pre-stress (pre-existing tension) in the cytoskeleton and it involves all three cytoskeletal filament systems as well as nuclear scaffolds. Recent studies confirm that alterations in the cellular force balance can influence intracellular biochemistry within focal adhesion complexes that form at the site of integrin binding as well as gene expression in the nucleus. These results suggest that gravity sensation may not result from direct activation of any single gravioreceptor molecule. Instead, gravitational forces may be experienced by individual cells in the living organism as a result of stress-dependent changes in cell, tissue, or organ structure that, in turn, alter extracellular matrix mechanics, cell shape, cytoskeletal organization, or internal pre-stress in the cell-tissue matrix.--Ingber, D. How cells (might) sense microgravity. (+info)

Mapping the literature of cytotechnology. (2/414)

The major purpose of this study was to identify and assess indexing coverage of core journals in cytotechnology. It was part of a larger project sponsored by the Nursing and Allied Health Resources Section of the Medical Library Association to map the literature of allied health. Three representative journals in cytotechnology were selected and subjected to citation analysis to determine what journals, other publication types, and years were cited and how often. Bradford's Law of Scattering was applied to the resulting list of cited journals to identify core titles in the discipline, and five indexes were searched to assess coverage of these core titles. Results indicated that the cytotechnology journal literature had a small core but wide dispersion: one third of the 21,021 journal citations appeared in only 3 titles; another third appeared in an additional 26 titles; the remaining third were scattered in 1,069 different titles. Science Citation Index Expanded rated highest in indexing coverage of the core titles, followed by MEDLINE, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, HealthSTAR, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). The study's results also showed that journals were the predominantly cited format and that citing authors relied strongly on more recent literature. (+info)

Antibodies and sperm survival in the female tract of the mouse and rabbit. (3/414)

Rabbit and mouse spermatozoa from male and female tracts have been examined for their species-antigenic surface character, and for adherent antibodies, by double immunofluorescence techniques. Mouse spermatozoa from the ductus deferens showed an area over the acrosome which was positive to anti-mouse serum that had been absorbed with some male mouse somatic tissues including blood, but those from the uterus and oviduct were not stained. Spermatozoa from the uterus were shown to have an antibody coat on the acrosome, with anti-mouse IgG, but those from the ductus deferens and oviduct did not. Rabbit spermatozoa were more variable but their activity was similar: ejaculated spermatozoa sometimes already had antibody of male origin; the majority of the spermatozoa arriving early in the uterus were coated, but in general those that attained the oviducts were not coated. The results are interpreted as evidence for selection by the female tract of a small antigenically different population; the majority of spermatozoa are rejected and/or destroyed. (+info)

A new miniature hydrostatic pressure chamber for microscopy. Strain-free optical glass windows facilitate phase-contrast and polarized-light microscopy of living cells. Optional fixture permits simultaneous control of pressure and temperature. (4/414)

This paper describes the development of a miniature, temperature-controlled, stainless steel pressure chamber which uses strain-free optical glass for windows. It is directly adaptable to standard phase-contrast and polarized-light microscopes and requires a minimum amount of equipment to generate and measure pressure. Birefringence retardation (BR) og 0.1 nm up to 3,000 psi, 0.4 nm up to 5,000 psi and 1.0 nm up to 10,000 psi can be detected over a 0.75-mm central field with two strain-free Leitz 20 times UM objectives, one used as a condenser. In phase-contrast studies a Nikon DML 40 times phase objective and Zeiss model IS long working-distance phase condenser were used, with little deterioration of image quality or contrast at pressures as high as 12,000 psi. The actual design process required a synthesis of various criteria which may be categorized under four main areas of consideration: (a) specimen physiology; (b) constraints imposed by available optical equipment and standard microscope systems; (c) mechanical strength and methods for generating pressure; and (d) optical requirements of the chamber windows. Procedures for using the chambers, as well as methods for shifting and controlling the temperature within the chamber, are included. (+info)

Prototype Web-based continuing medical education using FlashPix images. (5/414)

Continuing Medical Education (CME) is a requirement among practicing physicians to promote continuous enhancement of clinical knowledge to reflect new developments in medical care. Previous research has harnessed the Web to disseminate complete pathology CME case studies including history, images, diagnoses, and discussions to the medical community. Users submit real-time diagnoses and receive instantaneous feedback, eliminating the need for hard copies of case material and case evaluation forms. This project extends the Web-based CME paradigm with the incorporation of multi-resolution FlashPix images and an intuitive, interactive user interface. The FlashPix file format combines a high-resolution version of an image with a hierarchy of several lower resolution copies, providing real-time magnification via a single image file. The Web interface was designed specifically to simulate microscopic analysis, using the latest Javascript, Java and Common Gateway Interface tools. As the project progresses to the evaluation stage, it is hoped that this active learning format will provide a practical and efficacious environment for continuing medical education with additional application potential in classroom demonstrations, proficiency testing, and telepathology. Using Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0 and above, the working prototype Web-based CME environment is accessible at http://telepathology.upmc.edu/WebInterface/NewInterface/welcome.html. (+info)

A brief history of the Japan Society for Cell Biology. (6/414)

The Japan Society for Cell Biology (JSCB) was first founded in 1950 as the Japan Society for Cellular Chemistry under the vigorous leadership of Seizo Katsunuma, in collaboration with Shigeyasu Amano and Satimaru Seno. The Society was provisionally named as above simply because cell biology had not yet been coined at that time in Japan, although in prospect and reality the Society was in fact for the purpose of pursuing cell biology. Later in 1964, the Society was properly renamed as the Japan Society for Cell Biology. After this renaming, the JSCB made great efforts to adapt itself to the rapid progress being made in cell biology. For this purpose the Society's constitution was created in 1966 and revised in 1969. According to the revised constitution, the President, Executive Committee and Councils were to be determined by ballot vote. The style of the annual meetings was gradually modified to incorporate general oral and poster presentations in addition to Symposia (1969-1974). The publication of annual periodicals in Japanese called Symposia of the Japan Society for Cellular Chemistry (1951-1967) and later Symposia of the Japan Society for Cell Biology (1968-1974) was replaced by a new international journal called Cell Structure and Function initiated in 1975. This reformation made it possible for the Society to participate in the Science Council of Japan in 1975 and finally in 1993 to acquire its own study section of Cell Biology with grants-in-aid from the Ministry of Education and Science, Japan. The JSCB hosted the 3rd International Congress on Cell Biology (ICCB) in 1984 and the 3rd Asian-Pacific Organization for Cell Biology (APOCB) Congress in 1998, thus contributing to the international advancement of cell biology. Now the membership of JSCB stands at approximately 1,800 and the number of presentations per meeting is 300 to 400 annually. Although a good number of interesting and important findings in cell biology have been reported from Japan, the general academic activity of the JSCB is far less than one might expect. This is simply due the fact that academic activity in the field of cell biology in Japan is divided among several other related societies such as the Japan Society for Molecular Biology and the Japan Society for Developmental Biology, among others. (+info)

Myocardial lysis in acute rheumatic fever followed by regeneration of cardiac muscle and origin of Aschoff bodies. (7/414)

In acute rheumatic heart disease, lysis of cardiac muscle fibres with or without retention of sarcolemma is found to be the most damaging feature in many cases. In deeper myocardium the cellular lysis often forms anastomosing clefts or sinus-like spaces between surviving muscle bundles and in the outer portion of myocardium cellular lysis may leave the sarcolemma more or less intact. From lysing cardiac muscle fibres there arise dedifferentiated cells with remarkable potentiality for regeneration. For the origin of these dedifferentiated cells, which are often indistinguishable from lymphocytes, no mitosis is seen in cardiac muscle cells. The successive stages of development of muscle cell from these dedifferentiated cells within the remaining or newly formed sarcolemma have been observed in this study. This study infers that the increased number of fibrous septa, when seen, denotes the tracks of previous muscle degeneration and subsequent replacement of it with incomplete muscle regeneration and fibrous tissue formation. In an area of muscle lysis the origin of Aschoff bodies from these dedifferentiated cells has been followed. Ashoff bodies arising in this was behave as an abortive and atypical growth of muscle fibres in a nodular fashion specific to rheumatic fever. (+info)

Papanicolaou tests diagnosed as atypical by a cytotechnologist and downgraded to benign by a pathologist: a measure of laboratory quality. (8/414)

Follow-up of Papanicolaou (Pap) tests diagnosed as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) by a cytotechnologist and downgraded to benign by a pathologist has not been measured. Squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) follow-up rates were obtained for Pap tests diagnosed as ASCUS (288) or AGUS (94) and downgraded to benign and for Pap tests diagnosed as repair (231). Statistically significant associations were seen between 7 cytotechnologists and between 7 pathologists and ASCUS, AGUS, downgraded ASCUS, and downgraded AGUS rates. The percentage of downgraded ASCUS cases compared with all ASCUS cases per pathologist ranged from 4.8% to 43.7%. Statistically significant associations between pathologists and SIL follow-up rates for downgraded ASCUS diagnoses were seen. The SIL follow-up rate for repair (7.9%) was similar to that for a downgraded ASCUS (11.0%) or AGUS (7.3%). The parameters of downgraded ASCU and AGUS Pap test interpretations are good quality indicators of individual performance and overall laboratory quality. (+info)

Biology portal Science portal The American Society for Cell Biology Cell biophysics Cell disruption Cell physiology Cellular ... Cell biology is the study of structural and functional units of cells. Cell biology encompasses both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ... Wikibooks has more on the topic of: Cell biology Cell Biology at Curlie Aging Cell "Francis Harry Compton Crick (1916-2004)" by ... Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

In mammals, major cell types include skin cells, muscle cells, neurons, blood cells, fibroblasts, stem cells, and others. Cell ... Cells Alive! Cell Biology in "The Biology Project" of University of Arizona. Centre of the Cell online The Image & Video ... Biology portal Cell cortex Cell culture Cellular model Cytorrhysis Cytoneme Cytotoxicity Human cell Lipid raft Outline of cell ... Some eukaryotic cells (plant cells and fungal cells) also have a cell wall. Inside the cell is the cytoplasmic region that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

In cell biology, ways in which fragmentation is useful for a cell: DNA cloning and apoptosis. DNA cloning is important in ... "The Role of DNA Fragmentation in Apoptosis." Trends in Cell Biology 5.1 (1995): 21-26. Print. Bessman, JD. "Red Blood Cell ... Molecular Cell Biology. 7th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and, 2013. Print. Bortner, Carl D., Nicklas B.E. Oldenburg, and John A. ... Molecular Cell Biology. 7th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and, 2013. Print. Hua, Xhang J., and Ming Xu. "DNA Fragmentation in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragmentation_(cell_biology)

Plant callus (plural calluses or calli) is a growing mass of unorganized plant parenchyma cells. In living plants, callus cells ... Regeneration of a whole plant that has some genetically transformed cells and some untransformed cells yields a chimera. In ... In Jatropha curcas callus cells, small organized callus cells became disorganized and varied in size after browning occurred. ... not individual cells.[clarification needed] Nevertheless, callus cells are often considered similar enough for standard ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callus_(cell_biology)

Articles lacking sources from December 2009, All articles lacking sources, Biochemistry, Cell biology). ... Biological cells which form bonds with a substrate and are at the same time subject to a flow can form long thin membrane ... cylinders called tethers, which connect the adherent area to the main body of the cell. Under physiological conditions, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tether_(cell_biology)

In cell biology, a bleb is a bulge of the plasma membrane of a cell, characterized by a spherical, bulky morphology. It is ... Paluch, Ewa K; Raz, Erez (2013-10-01). "The role and regulation of blebs in cell migration". Current Opinion in Cell Biology. ... Paluch, Ewa K; Raz, Erez (2013-10-01). "The role and regulation of blebs in cell migration". Current Opinion in Cell Biology. ... Blebs have been seen in cultured cells in certain stages of the cell cycle. These blebs are used for cell locomotion in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleb_(cell_biology)

Cell biology, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ... They are found in nurse cells of the developing Drosophila ... Nuage are the hallmark of Drosophila melanogaster germline cells, which have an electron-dense perinuclear structure and can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuage_(cell_biology)

v t e (AC with 0 elements, Cell anatomy, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ... It is clear, and protects as well as transports things within the cell. Moreover, large numbers of actin filaments frequently ... is the non-granulated outer part of a cell's cytoplasm, while endoplasm is its often granulated inner layer. ... occur in the ectoplasm, which form an elastic support for the cell membrane. It contains actin and myosin microfilaments. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectoplasm_(cell_biology)

In cell biology, a granule is a small particle. It can be any structure barely visible by light microscopy. The term is most ... Cell anatomy, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ... The granules of certain cells, such as natural killer cells, ... cell organelle of plant cell (the others-vacuole and nucleoplasm). It serves as small container of starch in plant cell. In ... Insulin granules are secretory granules, which can release their contents from the cell into the bloodstream. The beta cells in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granule_(cell_biology)

Molecular and cellular biology journals, All stub articles, Molecular and cell biology journal stubs). ... Nature Cell Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was established in 1999. ... "Nature Cell Biology". 2021 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Clarivate. 2022. Official website Portal: ... Biology v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Monthly journals (infobox), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_Cell_Biology

Mitosis Centrosome Centriole Chromosome v t e (Cell biology, Cell cycle, Mitosis, All stub articles, Cell cycle stubs). ... This allows the cell to divide properly with each daughter cell containing full replicas of chromosomes. In some cells, the ... ISBN 0-8053-7171-0. Lodish HF, Darnell DE (2008). Molecular Cell Biology (6th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman and Company. pp. ... ISBN 978-0-7167-7601-7. Mitosis, Molecular Biology of the Cell, Albert et al 4th Edition. Ishihara, Keisuke, et al. "Physical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aster_(cell_biology)

Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Organelles, Molecular biology, Cell biology). ... Molecular Cell Biology. 2 (1): 72-75. doi:10.1038/35048077. PMID 11413469. S2CID 205011982. Mullins JM, McIntosh JR (September ... The Journal of Cell Biology. 94 (3): 654-661. doi:10.1083/jcb.94.3.654. PMC 2112229. PMID 7130277. Skop AR, Liu H, Yates J, ... This endosome is marked by MKLP1, and can persist for up to 48 hours once internalised into another cell. It is coated in Actin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midbody_(cell_biology)

Lamella, in cell biology, is also used to describe the leading edge of a motile cell, of which the lamellipodia is the most ... Cell biology, Photosynthesis, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ... Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oxford University Press[page needed] "The Cytoskeleton and Cell ... It is placed between the two primary cell walls of two plant cells and made up of intracellular matrix. The lamella comprises a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamella_(cell_biology)

... is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Portland Press for the International Federation ... for Cell Biology. The journal was established in 1977 as Cell Biology International Reports (ISSN 0309-1651) and published by ... "Cell Biology International". 2010 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Thomson Reuters. 2011. Official ... It covers all aspects of cell biology. The journal is abstracted and indexed in: BIOBASE BIOSIS Chemical Abstracts Service ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_Biology_International

A septum in cell biology is the new cell wall that forms between two daughter cells as a result of cell division. In yeast, ... "The Cell Biology of Fission Yeast Septation". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 80 (3): 779-91. doi:10.1128/MMBR. ... Lesage G, Bussey H (June 2006). "Cell wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. ... Cabib E, Roh DH, Schmidt M, Crotti LB, Varma A (June 2001). "The yeast cell wall and septum as paradigms of cell growth and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septum_(cell_biology)

... is an academic journal of the Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology covering basic ... and was converted in 1987 to Immunology and Cell Biology, making it one of the oldest speciality immunology journals in ... Bradley, T. R.; Metcalf, D. (1966). "The growth of mouse bone marrow cells in vitro". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires , ... "Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science" - via researchgate.net. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunology_&_Cell_Biology

"Cell Chemical Biology". Bibliographic information for Cell Chemical Biology. Library of Congress. January 2016. Official ... Cell Chemical Biology is a monthly, peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Cell Press. The journal publishes research ... in chemical biology and studies at the interface of chemistry and biology. " ... Cell Press academic journals, Monthly journals, All stub articles, Biochemistry journal stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_Chemical_Biology

... bone marrow cells. Most other cells cannot divide indefinitely as after a few cycles of cell division the cells stop expressing ... so they are technically a single clone of cells. However, during course of cell division, one of the cells can get mutated ... When ultimately many cells are produced by a single cell, clonal expansion is said to have taken place. A somewhat similar ... One of the most prominent usage is in describing a clone of B cells. The B cells in the body have two important phenotypes ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clone_(cell_biology)

... is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of molecular histology and cell biology, ... "Editorial Board". Histochemistry and Cell Biology. Springer Science+Business Media. Retrieved 2012-12-22. Official website v t ... and evaluation of methods and probes that can be used in the entire area of histochemistry and cell biology. The journal is ... Histochemistry and Cell Biology. Springer Science+Business Media. Retrieved 2012-12-22. "Society for Histochemistry". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histochemistry_and_Cell_Biology

... is a peer-reviewed scientific journal by Elsevier BV. Trends in Cell Biology is abstracted and indexed ... "Trends in Cell Biology". MIAR: Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals. University of Barcelona. Retrieved 2022-05-31 ... "Trends in Cell Biology". 2020 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Clarivate Analytics. 2020. Official ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trends_in_Cell_Biology

Ira Mellman (July 9, 2001). "Cell biology's journal gets a new look". The Journal of Cell Biology. Rockefeller University Press ... "Functional correlation between cell adhesive properties and some cell surface proteins". The Journal of Cell Biology. Jcb. ... Ledbetter, M. C.; Porter, K. R. (October 1, 1963). "A "Microtubule" in Plant Cell Fine Structure". The Journal of Cell Biology ... and Discharge in the Pancreatic Exocrine Cell". The Journal of Cell Biology. 20 (3): 473-495. doi:10.1083/jcb.20.3.473. PMC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Cell_Biology

v t e (Cell biology, Cell anatomy, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ... The dyadic space is the name for the volume of cytoplasm between pairs (dyads) of areas where the cell membrane and an ... For example, the phenomenon of calcium-induced calcium release, when extracellular calcium enters the cell through ion channels ... of Dyadic Junctional Complexes between Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and Plasmalemma in Rabbit Left Ventricular Myocardial Cells". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyadic_space_(cell_biology)

Cell biology, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ... A nucleolar detention center (DC) is a region of the cell in ... Molecular Biology of the Cell. 24 (18): 2943-2953. doi:10.1091/mbc.E13-04-0223. ISSN 1939-4586. PMC 3771955. PMID 23904269. ... DCs are absent from cells under normal culture conditions, but form in response to specific environmental triggers. The ... Prasanth, Kannanganattu V. (2012-01-27). "Policing cells under stress: noncoding RNAs capture proteins in nucleolar detention ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detention_center_(cell_biology)

... is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of cell biology, cell physiology, and molecular biology ... Biol Cell 97: 1-2== References == Osborne HB. (2005) What's new for Biology of the Cell in 2005? (Editorial) Biol Cell 97: 1-2[ ... Biology of the Cell. 109 (3): 113-114. doi:10.1111/boc.201770010. PMID 28248426. Biology of the Cell home page Société ... Cell Cycle and Cancer (2008), Microtubules, RNA regulation (2008), Microbiology and Cell Biology (2010), Cilia (2011), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_of_the_Cell

... is a scientific journal published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., and covers topics related to DNA and cell ... DNA and Cell Biology. Retrieved 2016-06-12. (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, ... DNA and Cell Biology is indexed in: Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index Biological Abstracts BIOSIS Previews Biotechnology ... Molecular medicine Cellular organelles Protein biosynthesis and degradation Cell-autonomous inflammation and host cell response ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_and_Cell_Biology

Cell biology - (formerly cytology) The study of cells. Cell division - The process of one parent cell separating into two or ... The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cell biology: Cell biology - A branch of biology that ... Meristemic cell - Undifferentiated plants cells analogous to animal stem cells. Stem cell - Undifferentiated cells found in ... A discipline bridging microbiology and cell biology. Biology portal Outline of biology Young John K Introduction to Cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_cell_biology

... is a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed scientific journal of biochemistry and cell biology established in ... was renamed Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and acquired its current name Biochemistry and Cell Biology in ... Molecular and cellular biology journals, Canadian Science Publishing academic journals, English-language journals, Bimonthly ... with the Canadian Society for Molecular Biosciences and the Panamerican Association for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry_and_Cell_Biology

Cell biology Molecular biology Journal of Cell and Molecular Biology Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (disambiguation) ... Biology Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Molecular Biology of the Cell Molecular Biology of the Cell ... Cell and Molecular Biology Test International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology American Journal of Respiratory Cell and ... Cell and molecular biology are related fields of biology that are often combined. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_and_molecular_biology

"Cell Biology". "Displaying Record for Publication: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology". CASSI. Chemical Abstracts Service. ... Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed review journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was ... "Journals Ranked by Impact: Cell Biology". 2021 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Clarivate. 2022. ... established in October 2000 and covers all aspects of molecular and cell biology. The editor-in-chief is Kim Baumann. According ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_Reviews_Molecular_Cell_Biology

... in Cell Biology is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier covering all aspects of cell biology ... Molecular and cellular biology journals, Elsevier academic journals, All stub articles, Molecular and cell biology journal ... "Current Opinion in Cell Biology". Elsevier. Retrieved 30 September 2019. "InCites Journal Citation Reports". Clarivate ... including genetics, cell communication, and metabolism. It was established in 1998 and is part of the Elsevier Current Opinion ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_Opinion_in_Cell_Biology

Williams, Ruth (2008-06-30). "Paul Mischel: All about brains". The Journal of Cell Biology. 181 (7): 1044-1045. doi:10.1083/jcb ... 2007 Profiled by Journal of Cell Biology in the "People and Ideas" section, 2008 President, American Society for Clinical ... Zimmer, Carl (2019-11-20). "Scientists Are Just Beginning to Understand Mysterious DNA Circles Common in Cancer Cells". The New ... Molecular Cell. 67 (1): 128-138.e7. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2017.05.030. ISSN 1097-4164. PMC 5521991. PMID 28648777. Guo, Deliang ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Mischel

Contraction of heart muscle cells requires depolarization and repolarization of their cell membranes. Movement of ions across ... Campbell, N., & Reece, J. (2002). Biology. 6th ed. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings[page needed][ISBN missing] Gray, Huon H.; ... Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) cell signaling plays a key role in diverse aspects of cardiac differentiation and ... and Evolutionary Biology. 280 (2): 934-939. doi:10.1002/ar.a.20099. PMID 15372490. "Dual Atrioventricular Nodal Physiology - an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_node

Cell. 164 (1-2): 29-44. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.035. PMID 26771484. Westra ER, Dowling AJ, Broniewski JM, van Houte S ( ... Wright AV, Nuñez JK, Doudna JA (January 2016). "Biology and Applications of CRISPR Systems: Harnessing Nature's Toolbox for ... CRISPR-Cas3 destroys the targeted DNA in either prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. Co-founder, Rodolphe Barrangou, said "Cas3 is ... Molecular Biology. 21 (9): 771-7. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2875. PMC 4156918. PMID 25132177. Gasiunas G, Barrangou R, Horvath P, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locus_Biosciences

It is known that the most frequently colonized sites are epithelial cell surfaces and red and white blood cells inside of the ... 36(5): 1371-1377 Razin, Shmuel, Yogev, David and Naot, Yehudith (1998) Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas ... Since M. incognitus is a mycoplasma, it does not have a cell wall, which means that it is naturally immune to many different ... This mycoplasma acts by entering into the individual cells of the body where it can lie dormant for 10, 20, or 30 years. If the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycoplasma_incognitus

... the geographical reference is the location and/or the coverage area of the network cell (initially the ID of the cell). For ... PLOS Computational Biology. 10 (7): e1003716. arXiv:1309.7272. Bibcode:2014PLSCB..10E3716T. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003716. ... The accuracy of passive mobile positioning is limited to the coverage area of network cells, which can range from a few hundred ... Moreover, the accuracy of passive mobile positioning is limited to the coverage area of network cells, which can range from a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_positioning_data

Cell. 122 (6): 957-68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0. PMID 16169070. S2CID 8235923. ... Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 253A. pp. 511-8. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5673-8_83. ISBN 978-1-4684-5675-2. ... Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. Vol. 53. pp. 1-78. doi:10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60142-7. ISBN ... Lin T, Suttle DP (May 1995). "UMP synthase activity expressed in deficient hamster cells by separate transferase and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uridine_monophosphate_synthase

It is a multidisciplinary research field at the intersection of virology, synthetic biology, computational biology, and DNA ... For many viruses, viral RNA is infectious when introduced into a cell (during infection or after reverse transcription). These ... as long as the information of their genome sequence is known and permissive cells are available. As of March 2020, the full- ... Synthetic biology, All stub articles, Virus stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_virology

Studies in mice suggest that this gene is specifically required for the differentiation of islet cells for the production of ... BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8: 226. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-226. PMC 2533330. PMID 18673564. Soyer J, Flasse L, Raffelsberger W, ... It regulates the transcription factors involved in beta-cell maturation and function, thus, restricting the expression of the ... Developmental Biology. 351 (1): 135-45. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.12.043. PMC 3042741. PMID 21215266. This article incorporates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFX6

"CAR T Cells: Engineering Patients' Immune Cells to Treat Their Cancers". National Cancer Institute. 2013-12-06. Retrieved 9 ... Initial work was done by laboratories at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Greg Winter and John McCafferty), the Scripps ... The phage gene and insert DNA hybrid is then inserted (a process known as "transduction") into E. coli bacterial cells such as ... These are made into synthetic receptors for T-Cells collected from the patient that are used to combat the disease. Competing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phage_display

He wrote a PhD dissertation entitled, "On the Development of Parasitic Copepoda." 1907-1910: McClendon taught biology at ... life processes of cell membranes, the importance of pH control, the role of iodine in human health, and specifically its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Francis_McClendon

Life sciences included experiments on human health, cell separation and biology, developmental biology, animal and human ... Test subjects included the crew, Japanese koi fish (carp), cultured animal and plant cells, chicken embryos, fruit flies, fungi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-47

Molecular cell biology (4th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman. ISBN 978-0-7167-3136-8. Morgan, David (2007). The Cell Cycle: ... but it changes the course of the cell. After a vertebrate cell has been in the G1 phase for about three hours, the cell enters ... After R and before S, the cell is known as being in G1-ps, or the pre S phase interval of the G1 phase. In order for the cell ... Within the cell cycle, there is a stringent set of regulations known as the cell cycle control system that controls the timing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G1_phase

Cell Dev. Biol. 17 (5): 544-54. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2006.09.001. PMID 17071117. Minghetti L, Pocchiari M (2007). " ... O'Banion MK (1999). "Cyclooxygenase-2: molecular biology, pharmacology, and neurobiology". Crit Rev Neurobiol. 13 (1): 45-82. ... PTGS2 (COX-2) is unexpressed under normal conditions in most cells, but elevated levels are found during inflammation. PTGS1 ( ... Since PTGS2 (COX-2) is generally expressed only in cells where prostaglandins are upregulated (e.g., during inflammation), drug ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin-endoperoxide_synthase_2

Cell phones are also very common among all three groups today. Text messaging has made cell phones particularly useful for ... Human Biology. Vol. 66. JHU Press. pp. 411-20. ISBN 9780801870897. PMID 8026812. Colin Low. "The Hutterites by Colin Low - NFB ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutterites

During 1994, he was a SERC/NATO funded research scientist in Department of Plant Biology at Stanford University. He has been ... The Plant Cell. 6 (5): 761-772. doi:10.1105/tpc.6.5.761. ISSN 1532-298X. PMC 160474. PMID 12244257. Graham, Ian A. (2008). " ... He was appointed a lecturer in the division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at University of Glasgow from 1994 to 1999. ... Additionally, Graham was elected as a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 2016,[citation needed] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_A._Graham

Presence of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene melanin in the cell wall confers to the microfungi their characteristic olivaceous to dark ... Fungal Biology. 115 (10): 1077-91. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2010.11.006. PMID 21944219. Onofri, S.; Barreca, D.; Selbmann, L.; ... Black yeasts share some distinctive characteristics, in particular a dark colouration (melanisation) of their cell wall. ... Morphological plasticity, incrustation of the cell wall with melanins and presence of other protective substances like ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_yeast

PBS Frontline Oct 22, 2013 Hunting the Nightmare Bacteria Portal: Biology (CS1 French-language sources (fr), CS1 Croatian- ... a class of beta-lactam antibiotics that are capable of killing most bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of one of their cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi_metallo-beta-lactamase_1

In medical research, the most famous immortalized cell line, known as HeLa, was developed from cervical cancer cells of a woman ... and Reproductive Biology. 121 (1): 99-103. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.11.024. PMID 15949888. Jensen KE, Schmiedel S, Frederiksen ... carcinoma Small cell carcinoma Neuroendocrine tumour Glassy cell carcinoma Villoglandular adenocarcinoma Though squamous cell ... It is due to the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Early on, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer

Within molecular and cell biology, HLA-DQ3 (DQ3) is a broad serotype category with split antigens HLA-DQ7, DQ8, and DQ9. ... implications for studies assessing the role of human Ia molecules in cell interactions and disease susceptibility". Proc. Natl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DQ3

... is biased to being expressed in androgen sensitive cells compared to androgen insensitive cells. A predicted 3' UTR ... "Phyre 2 Results for PANO1_phyre2". www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-08-01. "Genomatix Software Suite". Genomatix.{{cite web ... p14ARF is a protein that is a known tumor suppressor.It does this by controlling cell proliferation and cell survival, however ... With a confidence level of 5 out of 5, PANO1 has been theorized to be expressed in the nucleolus of the cell. PANO1 is an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PANO1

Randy O. Wayne (15 September 2009). Plant Cell Biology: From Astronomy to Zoology. Academic Press. pp. 17-. ISBN 978-0-08- ... A Traube cell is an "artificial cell" created by Moritz Traube in order to study the processes of living cells, including ... The ability of the Traube cell membrane to allow water to flow in while retaining the cell solute is comparable to living cells ... The Traube cell is not a true artificial cell, as it is not living and does not have true biological processes of its own. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traube_cell

Lyn and Fgr are highly expressed in malignant prostate cells compared to normal prostate cells. When the primary prostate cells ... Portal: Biology (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Genes on human chromosome 20, Webarchive ... HSP90 inhibitor NVP-BEP800 has been described to affect stability of Src tyrosine kinase and growth of T-cell and B-cell acute ... Src, Fyn and Yes are expressed ubiquitously in all cell types while the others are generally found in hematopoietic cells. c- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-oncogene_tyrosine-protein_kinase_Src

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology. 8 (5): 477-488. doi:10.1006/scdb.1997.0173. PMID 9441953. Retrieved 10 November 2017 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Ann_Douglas

Molecular Cell. 11 (6): 1425-34. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00181-3. PMID 12820957. Urban S, Lee JR, Freeman M (October 2001). " ... Journal of Molecular Biology. 394 (5): 815-25. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2009.10.025. PMID 19850051. This article incorporates text ... "Quantitative proteomics screen identifies a substrate repertoire of rhomboid protease RHBDL2 in human cells and implicates it ... "Drosophila rhomboid-1 defines a family of putative intramembrane serine proteases". Cell. 107 (2): 173-82. doi:10.1016/s0092- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhomboid-related_protein_2

Short, B. (2010). "Daniel Klionsky: A full plate for autophagy". The Journal of Cell Biology. 189 (1): 8-9. doi:10.1083/jcb. ... As a cell biologist, Klionsky pioneered the understanding of autophagy, the process by which cells break down to survive stress ... Although he enjoyed biology in high school, Klionsky enrolled at the University of California, Los Angeles while majoring in ... In 1997, he was named a full professor and accepted a Guggenheim Fellowship in the field of Molecular and Cellular Biology. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_J._Klionsky

Nopcsa, F. (1933). "On the biology of the theromorphous reptile Euchambersia". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 10. 12 ( ... or alternatively a ganglion of nerve cells. It is also possible that this organ functioned as a replacement for the parietal ... Biology. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp. 31-64. ISBN 978-0-253-00533-5. Rubidge, B.S.; Erwin, D.H.; Ramezani, J.; ... Journal of Experimental Biology. 207 (24): 4231-4238. doi:10.1242/jeb.01278. PMID 15531644. Benoit, J.; Abdala, F.; Manger, P.R ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euchambersia

In developmental biology, choriogenesis is the formation of the chorion, an outer membrane of the placenta that eventually ... April 1993). "Induction of choriogenesis by 20-hydroxyecdysone in the German cockroach". Tissue & Cell. 25 (2): 195-204. doi: ... Developmental Biology. 160 (1): 28-38. doi:10.1006/dbio.1993.1283. PMID 8224544. Bellés X, Cassier P, Cerdá X, et al. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choriogenesis

Coronaviruses manipulate the cell cycle of the host cell through various mechanisms. In several coronaviruses, including SARS- ... Masters, Paul S. (2006). "The Molecular Biology of Coronaviruses". Advances in Virus Research. 66: 193-292. doi:10.1016/S0065- ... N also has additional functions in manipulating the cell cycle of the host cell. The N protein is highly immunogenic and ... "Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals". Cell. 181 (7 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_nucleocapsid_protein

This has led to significant setbacks for the Soviet science, notably in biology due to ban on genetics (see "Lysenkoism") and ... accused the administration in July 2007 of political interference and muzzling him on key issues like embryonic stem cell ...

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In biology, a sequence motif is a nucleotide or amino-acid sequence pattern that is widespread and usually assumed to be ... For example, by aligning the amino acid sequences specified by the GCM (glial cells missing) gene in man, mouse and D. ... Biology portal Biomolecular structure Mammalian Motif Finder MochiView Multiple EM for Motif Elicitation Nucleic acid sequence ... PLOS Computational Biology. 1 (7): e67. Bibcode:2005PLSCB...1...67S. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010067. PMC 1309704. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_motif

Nature Cell Biology (Nat Cell Biol) ISSN 1476-4679 (online) ISSN 1465-7392 (print) ... that simultaneously generated diacylglycerol and Ca2+ signals might stimulate cells synergistically (Kaibuchi, K. et al. Cell ... Chem. 257, 7847-7851; 1982). This discovery both fixed PKC at the heart of normal and pathological cell control and provided ... Nat Cell Biol 7, 17 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0105-17 ... Nature Cell Biology volume 7, page 17 (2005)Cite this article * ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/ncb0105-17?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e03a2be7-a3cf-4bf5-8beb-2cf1a7943148

Cell Reports presents its cancer biology content in a collection updated on a weekly basis. ... This collection contains the list of the articles published in Cell Reports in the cancer biology field and is updated on a ...

https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/collections/topic-cancer?Ppub=%5B20220802+TO+20220809%5D&rel=nofollow&ContribAuthorRaw=Crosier%2C+Stephen&startPage=&ContribAuthorRaw=Williamson%2C%20Daniel

... encouraging studies that shed light on the mechanisms underlying fundamental cell biological processes in physiology and ... Nature Cell Biology publishes research of the highest quality across all areas of cell biology, ... Nature Cell Biology (Nat Cell Biol) ISSN 1476-4679 (online) ISSN 1465-7392 (print) ... This month, we host a free, virtual Nature Conference with Nature Metabolism and Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, ...

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Professional Development Resources QB3-Berkeley Graduate and Postdoc Career Development Graduate Student Professional Development Guide MCB 295 Careers for Life Sciences PhDs Individual Development Plan (IDP) UC Berkeley Career Center MCB Industrial Affiliates Program

https://mcb.berkeley.edu/grad/professional-development

The cell reprogramming that occurs in hematopoietic cells is termed hematopoietic reprogramming. ... Classically, animal cells nucleate or form new microtubules off the perinuclear centrosome. In recent years, the Golgi outpost ... Cancer cell identity and plasticity are required in transition states, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ... discuss the hematopoietic cell dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation induced by diverse modulators. A comprehensive ...

https://www.cell.com/trends/cell-biology/issue?pii=S0962-8924

Meet the primary faculty in Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy at the Medical College of Wisconsin. ... Stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration, human stem cell-based disease modeling, non-coding RNA and mitochondrial mechanisms in ... Comprehensive teaching in Clinical Human Anatomy, Cell and Tissue Biology and Integrated Medical Neuroscience ... Deciphering the interplay between transcription factors and chromatin dynamics in normal and malignant hematopoietic stem cells ...

https://www.mcw.edu/departments/cell-biology-neurobiology-and-anatomy/people/faculty

... are found throughout the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells and perform a number of functions. ... BACK TO PLANT CELL STRUCTURE. Questions or comments? Send us an email.. © 1995-2022 by Michael W. Davidson and The Florida ... and participate in the formation of spindle fibers during cell division (mitosis). The length of microtubules in the cell ... In an animal cell, it is this end that is located at the centriole-containing centrosome found near the nucleus, while the plus ...

https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/microtubules/microtubules.html

C. All cells have static organelles D. All cells have cell walls. E. All cells are attached to other cells. ... Some specialized cells such as neurons and red blood cells lose their ability to divide a maturity. Which phase of the cell ... Im stuck... Which of the following statements about cells is true? A. All cells are motile B. All cells have internal ... Some white blood cells are said to be amoeboid. How do you predict that these cells move? ...

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Cell biology and developmental biology. Cell biology and developmental biology. .addthis_counter.addthis_bubble_style { width: ... Receive email alerts on new books, offers and news in Cell biology and developmental biology. ... Molecular Machines in Biology Workshop of the Cell. Frank, Joachim Published: March 2012Published: February 2012 ... The Cell as a Machine textbook Sheetz, Michael Yu, Hanry Published: January 2018Published: January 2018 ...

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cell biology. * The undead can think? How dormant bacteria can still calculate their return to life. Core Sciences October 7, ... Spring cleaning cells take out the trash before they divide. Biology May 16, 2022 ...

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"We saw things in live animals that you dont see in cell culture. The reasons, in this case, very well may be that the ... Elvis did it, Michael Jackson did it, and so do the mitochondria in our cells. They shake. While Elvis and Michael shook for ... They generate a continuous supply of the molecule ATP that, like bits of coal, serve as the cells main source of energy to ... To keep cells fully charged, mitochondria operate four biochemical production lines that coalesce with oxygen molecules from ...

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Cell membranes are crucial to the life of the cell. The plasma membrane encloses the cell, defines its boundaries, and ... Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition.. Show details. Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. ... Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2002. Chapter 10, Membrane Structure. ... In all cells, the plasma membrane also contains proteins that act as sensors of external signals, allowing the cell to change ...

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Cell, 59:1061-70, 1989. Thomas Sollner (University of Munich): The complex organization of eucaryotic cells into various ... Cell Biology T. Sollner, G. Griffiths, R. Pfaller, N. Pfanner, W. Neupert, MOM19, an import receptor for mitochondrial ... Cell Biology. Cell Biology T. Sollner, G. Griffiths, R. Pfaller, N. Pfanner, W. Neupert, "MOM19, an import receptor for ... Cell Biology. T. Sollner, G. Griffiths, R. Pfaller, N. Pfanner, W. Neupert, "MOM19, an import receptor for mitochondrial ...

https://www.the-scientist.com/hot-paper/cell-biology-60405

The Cell Biology program aims to understand how cells function at the molecular level, and how these functions go awry in ... Cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions (Cell-Cell/Cell-Host). This research involves the study of how cells are affected by ... Cell Biology Seminars. Cell Biology Seminars are held virtually via Zoom every Friday from 1:30 to 2:30 p.m. unless otherwise ... Developmental & Stem Cell Biology We focus on cutting-edge developmental genetics, genomics and stem cell biology research. ...

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... which are the cells and tissue that generate sensation, perception, movement, learning, emotion, and many of the functions that ... Biology 1A/1AL. 5. Chem 3B/3BL. 5. Biology 1A/1AL. 5. ... Molecular and Cell Biology. *130 Cell and Systems Biology (Sp; ... All Neurobiology majors receive essential coursework in molecular and cell biology, as well as rigorous training in specific ... Psych C112 The Biology of Stress (no longer offered; 3 units). *MCB 167 Physiological and Genetic Basis of Behavior (Sp; 3 ...

http://mcb.berkeley.edu/undergrad/neu

in Professors Plants, Soil and Algae Developmental Biology Genomics Plant Biology /by Grant Alkin. ...

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Theory of bubbles lifts cell biology into a new, more quantitative era Peer-Reviewed Publication Princeton University, ... Theory of bubbles lifts cell biology into a new, more quantitative era. Princeton University, Engineering School ... engineering.princeton.edu/news/2021/09/15/theory-bubbles-lifts-cell-biology-new-more-quantitative ... The new work marks a seismic shift in scientists ability to manipulate cells. Image courtesy of the researchers view more ...

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Molecular Biology Graduate Programs . Review requirements for Cell & Molecular Biology degrees and accredited schools 2022 - ... What can you do with a PhD in cell and molecular biology?. There are various career paths for the cell and molecular biology ... What are Types of Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Programs?. Molecular biology graduate programs offer students many ... in Cell Biology and Anatomy, or a Bioenergy Graduate Certificate program. A degree from a molecular biology graduate school ...

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亚马逊图书分类提供丰富的Cell Biology - Biology及其相关产品，天 ... Molecular Biology of the Cell: The Problems Book: for Molecular Biology of the Cell (English Edition) John Wilson ... The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher (English Edition) Lewis Thomas ... AP® Biology Crash Course, For the New 2020 Exam, Book + Online: Get a Higher Score in Less Time (Advanced Placement (AP

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epigenetics, stem cells, embryonic stem cell technology, stem cell therapy, transcription factors, in vitro differentiation, ... 7.349 Stem Cells: A Cure or Disease? , Biology Have you ever considered going to a pharmacy to order some new cardiomyocytes ( ... In this course, we will explore the underlying biology behind the idea of using stem cells to treat disease, specifically ... 7.342 Pluripotent Stem Cells and Genome Engineering for Modeling Human Diseases , Biology ...

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Kannans Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Lab at Mayo Clinic. ... Explore professional and patient cancer and stem cell resources ... Kannan recommends exploring these professional and patient resources related to stem cells, cancer biology and breast cancer. ...

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Cell & Molecular Biology students learn theories and techniques necessary to advance our understanding of diseases. ... The Cell & Molecular Biology curriculum focuses on courses in advanced cell biology, molecular genetics and biochemistry. ... Cell & Molecular Biology students learn experimentation and laboratory techniques used in cell biology, physiology, and ... The Pre-Medicine/Cell and Molecular Biology Emphasis requires a minimum of 67 credits, including the 26-credit Biology Nucleus ...

https://western.edu/program/cell-molecular-biology/

The UCL Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology has a very active MPhil/PhD programme. ... The Department of Cell and Developmental Biology (CDB) has a very active MPhil/PhD programme. We currently have more than fifty ... Cell and Developmental Biology PhD Programme: available for three years in a single laboratory (or five years part-time) - see ... Developmental and Stem Cell Biology PhD Programme - Outline. This programme offers a unique environment with one of the largest ...

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Purchase International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 293 - 1st Edition. Print Book & E-Book. ISBN 9780123943040 ... International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology--both ... International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology. Holiday Sale. :. Save up to 25% on print and eBooks with FREE shipping. No ... Integration of intracellular symbionts into host cells leading to the acquisition of new cell components and cell variation; ...

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Landmark Papers in Cell Biology Gall JG, McIntosh JR, eds. (online in The American Society for Cell Biologys Image & Video ... Models for Cell Biology Research *How do we know how cells function ... Cell Biology. From Wikibooks, open books for an open world. The latest reviewed version was checked on 27 May 2020. There are ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Cell_Biology&oldid=3693281" ...

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... whose goal is to foster and support cutting-edge basic and translational research into the biology and physiology of lung cells ... innate and adaptive immune cells, and the signaling pathways that regulate their function. ... Learn about the Division of Cell Biology, which is an interdepartmental program ... cell biology, immunology, development, remodeling, repair and lipid mediator biology. These specialties have translational ...

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Genetics and Cell Biology Genetics and Cell Biology is the home of basic, clinical and diagnostic research spanning from the ... Genetics and Cell Biology contributes to research activities of four out of five FHML research schools and aims to meet the ... Genetics and Cell Biology. *Inflammation and lipid signaling for novel diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases ... The combination of genetic and cell biological approaches allows for synergy in functional understanding of genetic variations ...

https://www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/research/genetics-and-cell-biology

Riotton, Gustave Louis Jules; Christopherson, William M; Lunt, Ramona; World Health Organization (‎Organisation mondiale de la Santé, 1973)‎ ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Cell+Biology&type=mesh

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... such as the cell, through the integration of many different types of information. Here, we discuss how the incorporation of ... Systems biology seeks to explain complex biological systems, ... Structure-based systems biology: a zoom lens for the cell FEBS ... Systems biology seeks to explain complex biological systems, such as the cell, through the integration of many different types ... We suggest a process of zooming on the cell, from global networks through pathways to the precise atomic contacts at the ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15763563/

Kwang Jeon received his Ph.D. in cell physiology at King's College, University of London, UK, in 1964 and taught at SUNY Buffalo and University of Tennessee. (elsevier.com)
Its mission is to foster and support cutting-edge basic and translational research into the biology and physiology of lung cells, innate and adaptive immune cells, and the signaling pathways that regulate their function. (nationaljewish.org)
The Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology offers a selection of courses at the Indianapolis campus that are open to all Indiana University graduate students. (iu.edu)

The Cell & Molecular Biology curriculum focuses on courses in advanced cell biology, molecular genetics and biochemistry. (western.edu)
Genetics and Cell Biology is the home of basic, clinical and diagnostic research spanning from the molecular, cellular and organ level to individuals, families and the population. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
Genetics and Cell Biology contributes to research activities of four out of five FHML research schools and aims to meet the recommendations of the 'Gezond Leven' strategic research report with a strong visible focus on health and prevention. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
These studies use genetics, biochemistry, omics and cell biology with an emphasis on advanced imaging by fluorescence and electron microscopy of the infected cell. (paris-saclay.fr)

Our curriculum follows national guidelines from our professional organization, the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB). (drake.edu)

2022) Directed cell migration towards softer environments. (news-medical.net)

Receive email alerts on new books, offers and news in Cell biology and developmental biology. (cambridge.org)
The Department of Cell and Developmental Biology (CDB) has a very active MPhil/PhD programme. (ucl.ac.uk)
Select "Division of Biosciences" for the UCL Department you are applying to and "Research Degree: Cell and Developmental Biology" for Programme Title. (ucl.ac.uk)
This programme offers a unique environment with one of the largest and strongest concentrations of high quality developmental and stem cell biologists anywhere in the world. (ucl.ac.uk)
The programme provides training at the interface between developmental and stem cell biology. (ucl.ac.uk)
The MCB PhD program at Brandeis provides supportive and close-knit community conducting internationally recognized research at the frontiers of molecular, cell, developmental, chemical and neurobiology. (brandeis.edu)
Cell and Developmental Biology offers opportunities for Masters , MD/Ph.D. , and Ph.D. programs. (upstate.edu)
After rotations, students joining a research laboratory in CDB will officially enter the Cell and Developmental Biology Program. (upstate.edu)
A team led by Magdalena Götz , Head of LMU Department of Physiological Genomics and Director of the Institute for Stem Cell Research (ISF) at Helmholtz Munich, now evaluated this notion in neurons and their developmental precursors, so-called neuronal stem cells. (lmu.de)
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 77,144-152. (bvsalud.org)

Biology (Basel);10(8)2021 Aug 16. (bvsalud.org)

Ion gradients across membranes, established by the activities of specialized membrane proteins, can be used to synthesize ATP, to drive the transmembrane movement of selected solutes, or, in nerve and muscle cells, to produce and transmit electrical signals. (nih.gov)
In the plasma membrane, some proteins serve as structural links that connect the cytoskeleton through the lipid bilayer to either the extracellular matrix or an adjacent cell, while others serve as receptors to detect and transduce chemical signals in the cell's environment. (nih.gov)
As would be expected, it takes many different membrane proteins to enable a cell to function and interact with its environment. (nih.gov)
Thomas Sollner (University of Munich): "The complex organization of eucaryotic cells into various membrane-bound compartments (organelles) requires a very specific targeting of newly synthesized proteins to their final destinations. (the-scientist.com)
The current work follows Brangwynne's discovery more than a decade ago that cellular proteins organize into liquid structures inside the cell. (eurekalert.org)
We suggest a process of zooming on the cell, from global networks through pathways to the precise atomic contacts at the interfaces of interacting proteins. (nih.gov)
In close collaboration with the Helmholtz Munich Proteomic Core Facility led by Stefanie Hauck, the researchers found that the composition of proteins in centrosomes differs profoundly depending on the cell type. (lmu.de)
Genes 'tell' cells to make proteins. (khanacademy.org)
Understand: genes, proteins, and cells Get 3 of 4 questions to level up! (khanacademy.org)
Learn about cell specialization, genes and proteins, and the organization of multicellular organisms. (khanacademy.org)
Most bacteria are, however, surrounded by a rigid cell wall made out of peptidoglycan , a polymer composed of linked carbohydrates and small proteins. (khanacademy.org)
For instance, although archaea also have a cell wall, it's not made out of peptidoglycan-although it does contain carbohydrates and proteins. (khanacademy.org)
It acts as an anchor, connecting each muscle cell's structural framework (cytoskeleton) with the lattice of proteins and other molecules outside the cell (extracellular matrix). (medlineplus.gov)

In this collection, we highlight recent papers published across Nature Portfolio journals on topics including embryonic development and stem cells, clinical and translational research, stem cell-based tissue engineering, and tissue stem cells. (nature.com)
Hematopoiesis generally refers to hematopoietic development in fetuses and adults, as well as to hematopoietic stem cell differentiation into progeny lineages. (cell.com)
It might sound crazy, but recent developments in stem cell science have made this concept not so futuristic. (merlot.org)
She is a physician-scientist specializing in clinical breast radiation oncology with a lab focused on inflammatory breast cancer, the microenvironment and breast cancer stem cell biology. (mdanderson.org)
The insights into these processes have been instructive for all stem cell biology, and are crucial for understanding fertility and managing reproductive disorders. (grc.org)
The expansion of knowledge in the germline stem cell field is rapid and it is important that key developments are shared in a timely manner among the community members. (grc.org)
View cart "Pristine Bio Cellulose Stem Cell Mask (3pcs)" has been added to your cart. (premier-clinic.com)
Pristine Bio Cellulose Stem Cell Mask contains EGF, which is a collagen and elastin stimulator improves skin laxity and reduces the wrinkles and fine lines on your skin. (premier-clinic.com)
Besides that, Pristine Bio Cellulose Stem Cell Mask contains high percentage of Hyaluronic Acid, which helps reduce the visibility of fine lines and wrinkles retaining moisture to the skin, creating a plumping effect. (premier-clinic.com)
You apply the eye mask first, then layer and cover it up with this Pristine Bio-Cellulose Stem Cell Mask. (premier-clinic.com)
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal disorders of the hematopoietic stem cell characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis leading to peripheral cytopenias. (medscape.com)
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) constitute a group of heterogeneous clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders with a propensity to evolve into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (medscape.com)

Cellular senescence is a state of stable cell cycle arrest associated with macromolecular alterations and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and molecules. (cell.com)
To keep cells fully charged, mitochondria operate four biochemical production lines that coalesce with oxygen molecules from normal respiration to produce ATP. (nih.gov)
Cell membranes are dynamic, fluid structures, and most of their molecules are able to move about in the plane of the membrane. (nih.gov)
But it's a hard thing to measure the squishy dynamics of individual molecules inside a cell, where mysterious, overlapping processes roil chaotically as minute structures form and dissolve a thousand times per second. (eurekalert.org)
Here, we discuss how the incorporation of high-resolution structural data can provide key molecular details often necessary to understand the complex connection between individual molecules and cell behavior. (nih.gov)
This complex process includes changes in morphology to allow migration to lymphoid organs, expression of essential receptors and costimulatory molecules on the cell surface, and a shift from a capturing state to a cytokine-secreting and antigen-presenting profile. (medscape.com)
DCs that have migrated to draining lymph nodes will present the processed antigen on MHC and MHC-like molecules to naive T cells, leading to the formation of effector cells and, hence, the required immune response (Figure 1). (medscape.com)

This collection contains the list of the articles published in Cell Reports in the cancer biology field and is updated on a weekly basis. (cell.com)
Cancer cell identity and plasticity are required in transition states, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), in primary tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. (cell.com)
Both kinds of events can be fatal to the affected cell, though in some circumstances, this can be beneficial to animals, as demonstrated by taxol, which is commonly used as a cancer medication. (fsu.edu)
Dr. Kannan recommends exploring these professional and patient resources related to stem cells, cancer biology and breast cancer. (mayo.edu)
Specific interests include studying molecular determinants of treatment resistance in breast cancer stem cells and novel treatment of inflammatory breast cancer. (mdanderson.org)
She carried out her PhD research in the Neurobiology Department of the Harvard Medical School and the Cancer Biology Department of the Dana Farber Cancer Center, Boston, USA. (tudelft.nl)
Other current research interests are (brain) cancer biology, tissue engineering and bio-electronic circuits. (tudelft.nl)
An international team of researchers led by University of Minnesota Twin Cities engineers have found that cancer cells can gravitate toward certain mechanical 'sweet spot' environments, providing new insights into how cancer invades the body. (news-medical.net)
During the study, Odde and his team looked at both brain cancer and breast cancer cells. (news-medical.net)
The research team also found that some cells, like the breast cancer cells they studied, have a feedback mechanism that causes them to grip more strongly onto stiffer environments, which explains why many previous studies showed cells moving to the stiffer side. (news-medical.net)
We're basically decoding how cancer cells invade tissue,' Odde said. (news-medical.net)
The next step for the researchers is to use this information to build a simulator that shows how cancer cells move through an entire tumor, which will help them better predict cells' movements based on their environments. (news-medical.net)
The sample will contain your own DNA and possibly the DNA of a pathogen or cancer cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Le Président du Conseil de Direction domaine de la recherche sur le cancer biennal 2016-2017 a été approuvé en mai prépare les réunions avec le Secrétariat et les domaines connexes. (who.int)

Microtubules, which are about 25 nanometers in diameter, form part of the cytoskeleton that gives structure and shape to a cell, and also serve as conveyor belts moving other organelles throughout the cytoplasm. (fsu.edu)
C. All cells have static organelles D. All cells have cell walls. (answerbag.com)
The mitochondrion (the singular of mitochondria) is of one of several distinct compartments, or organelles, in the cell cytoplasm. (nih.gov)
Inside eucaryotic cells, the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and other membrane-enclosed organelles maintain the characteristic differences between the contents of each organelle and the cytosol. (nih.gov)
Peroxisomes are ubiquitous cell organelles that are essential in man. (rug.nl)
Organelles and components of the cell. (southampton.ac.uk)
We'll talk more about the nucleus and organelles in the next article on eukaryotic cells, but the main thing to keep in mind for now is that prokaryotic cells are not divided up on the inside by membrane walls, but consist instead of a single open space. (khanacademy.org)
This course is a study of the fundamental activities of cell organelles and their form and function as exemplified in plant and animal cells as well as the ultra-structure of cells. (voorhees.edu)

Studies of viral attachment to cultured gastrointestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) using recombinant virus-like particles or infectious noroviruses indicate that specific histo-blood group antigens play a key role in the attachment of the virus to the host cells ( 13 - 17 ). (cdc.gov)
We summarize results from 4 different infectivity trials that used 3-D small intestinal epithelial cells ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)

This month, we host a free, virtual Nature Conference with Nature Metabolism and Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology , ' Metabolic Communication Across Biological Scales ', and highlight recent articles that enrich our understanding of cellular metabolism in health and disease. (nature.com)
The combination of genetic and cell biological approaches allows for synergy in functional understanding of genetic variations and rapid application of new knowledge into clinical practice. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
Systems biology seeks to explain complex biological systems, such as the cell, through the integration of many different types of information. (nih.gov)
Selected topics on human diseases in which basic cell biological processes are defective will be explored in-depth using contemporary primary cell biology literature as the principal resource. (umich.edu)
Count biological cells faster and more accurately. (androlib.com)
PLOS Biology provides an Open Access platform to showcase your best research and commentary across all areas of biological science. (plos.org)
The Department of Biological Sciences at Lehigh University invites applications for a tenure track position at the level of Assistant Professor in the area of Cell Biology, broadly defined. (lehigh.edu)

Biology Internet Library - has a cellular biology section. (wikibooks.org)
We seek outstanding applicants studying fundamental processes related to cellular biology, for a position beginning in the Fall, 2023. (lehigh.edu)

For example, you can enroll in a Masters of Chemical and Life Science , Ph.D. in Cell Biology and Anatomy , or a Bioenergy Graduate Certificate program. (gradschools.com)

Epinephrine cannot diffuse through the cell membrane. (answerbag.com)
The plasma membrane encloses the cell, defines its boundaries, and maintains the essential differences between the cytosol and the extracellular environment. (nih.gov)
Three views of a cell membrane. (nih.gov)
A) An electron micrograph of a plasma membrane (of a human red blood cell) seen in cross section. (nih.gov)
B and C) These drawings show two-dimensional and three-dimensional views of a cell membrane. (nih.gov)
Although we focus mainly on the plasma membrane, most of the concepts discussed are applicable to the various internal membranes in cells as well. (nih.gov)
Explain and describe evidence for the ionic basis of the resting potential membrane and action potential in excitable cells. (southampton.ac.uk)
The sarcoglycan protein complex is located in the membrane surrounding muscle cells. (medlineplus.gov)
The layer consisted of large cells with small nucleus, free-organelle cytosol, irregular plasmatic membrane, trichome- like structures, and thick cell walls. (bvsalud.org)

Recognise and be able to describe the structure and function of key components of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. (southampton.ac.uk)
Characteristics of prokaryotic cells. (khanacademy.org)
Typical prokaryotic cells range from 0.1 to 5.0 micrometers (μm) in diameter and are significantly smaller than eukaryotic cells, which usually have diameters ranging from 10 to 100 μm. (khanacademy.org)

J Cell Biol (1974) 62 (2): 560-566. (rupress.org)
Cell biol. (bvs.br)
J Cell Biol (1990) 110 (2): 437-448. (silverchair.com)
J Cell Biol (1988) 107 (6): 2689-2701. (silverchair.com)

The Division of Cell Biology is comprised of 15 full time primary faculty members with wet lab-based multi-disciplinary research programs focused broadly on lung injury, inflammation, cell biology, immunology, development, remodeling, repair and lipid mediator biology. (nationaljewish.org)
Several faculty members from the Pediatric Pulmonary and Allergy/Immunology Divisions, as well as the Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Research have secondary appointments in the Program in Cell Biology. (nationaljewish.org)

Golgi outposts can nucleate new microtubules in specialized cells with unique cytoarchitectures, including Drosophila neurons, mouse muscle cells, and rodent oligodendrocytes. (cell.com)
Neurobiology is intrinsically multi-disciplinary, spanning from molecular biology and gene regulation in neurons, to chemical and electrical signaling in neurons, to information processing by neural circuits and brain regions, to nervous system development and plasticity. (berkeley.edu)
In this course, we will explore the underlying biology behind the idea of using stem cells to treat disease, specifically analyzing the mechanisms that enable a single genome to encode multiple cell states ranging from neurons to fibroblasts to T cells. (merlot.org)
There is so much we don't yet know about these cells, including how the centrosomes of neurons compare to those of neural stem cells and other cell types," Götz says. (lmu.de)
The scientists discovered that a specific protein (the ubiquitously expressed splicing protein PRPF6) is enriched at the centrosome in neural stem cells, but not in neurons. (lmu.de)
The little grey cells that make up your mind are primarily neurons. (giantmicrobes.com)
Brain cells, or neurons, are the building blocks of the nervous system. (giantmicrobes.com)
The cell body has branching dendrites coming off of it in order to receive signals from other neurons. (giantmicrobes.com)

For additional information contact Dr. Kathy Iovine, Chair, Cell Biology Search Committee at [email protected] or by mail at 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA 18015. (lehigh.edu)

Cell and molecular biology graduate programs are designed to train students for possible careers in industries such as healthcare, botany and agriculture, and biotechnology. (gradschools.com)
A background in cell and molecular biology will prepare you for a variety of careers in the growing field of biotechnology, where you can help develop new medications, treatments and breakthrough research. (western.edu)
Through this dynamic blend of coursework, you'll gain the foundation you need to pursue a career in biotechnology and advanced degrees in laboratory biology, medicine, veterinary medicine, dentistry, pharmacy and physician assistantships. (western.edu)

This course is one of many Advanced Undergraduate Seminars offered by the Biology Department at MIT. (merlot.org)
The Division of Cell Biology is a research program in the Department of Pediatrics. (nationaljewish.org)
Dr. Riches serves as Head of the Division of Cell Biology in the Department of Pediatrics. (nationaljewish.org)
Dr. Henson is in the Division of Cell Biology and Department of Pediatrics. (nationaljewish.org)
Members of the Department are very actively involved in teaching virology, cell biology, molecular biology, anti-viral immunity, infectious diseases, vaccination and computer certification (PIX). (paris-saclay.fr)
Within a multidisciplinary, collaborative research environment in the department and across the university, the successful candidate is expected to develop an internationally recognized, extramurally funded research program, participate in the department's Ph.D. program in biology, and contribute to the department's excellence in undergraduate and graduate teaching. (lehigh.edu)
Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy. (bvsalud.org)
Dean's honor list (top 3% of undergraduate students in all majors) and highest averages and cumulative average (96/100) in graduate courses in the Biology Department records, American University of Beirut, Lebanon (2009 - 2002). (who.int)

The mitochondria also appear to synchronize their movements not only in an individual cell but, quite unexpectedly, into a linked network of oscillators vibrating throughout the tissue. (nih.gov)
Neurobiology is the study of the brain and nervous system, which are the cells and tissue that generate sensation, perception, movement, learning, emotion, and many of the functions that make us human. (berkeley.edu)
In a previous study, the University of Minnesota-led team found that cells have the ability to sense the stiffness of their environment-;which ranges from stiff (bone tissue) to soft (fatty tissue) to medium stiffness (muscle tissue)-;and their ability to move is dependent upon that environment. (news-medical.net)
Mathias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann proposed the theory that the nervous system should theoretically be composed of cells like all other organic tissue. (giantmicrobes.com)

7.349 Stem Cells: A Cure or Disease? (merlot.org)
You just viewed 7.349 Stem Cells: A Cure or Disease?... . (merlot.org)
For case reaping hook cell disease, thalassaemia, Cystic fibrosis are the illustrations of monogenetic upset which are caused due to a peculiar familial mutant. (freebooksummary.com)
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a monogenetic upset in hemoglobin doing the Red Blood Cells (RBC) to organize an unnatural reaping hook form. (freebooksummary.com)
Sickle cell disease consequences into decreased life anticipation with mean life being 42 old ages and 48 old ages in affected males and females severally. (freebooksummary.com)
This procedure finally consequences in ischemia.The anaemia in reaping hook cell disease is caused byA haemolysis due to the devastation of the RBCs inside the lien. (freebooksummary.com)
The tests work by finding the DNA or RNA of a pathogen (disease-causing organism) or abnormal cells in a sample. (medlineplus.gov)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNA that play important roles in disease processes in animals and are present in a highly stable cell-free form in body fluids. (cdc.gov)

Elvis did it, Michael Jackson did it, and so do the mitochondria in our cells. (nih.gov)
Although mitochondria are jacks of many biochemical trades, they are best known as the power plants of the cell. (nih.gov)
The phrase lives of a cell refers to the independent yet interrelated parts of a human cell including mitochondria, centrioles, and basal bodies that once led independent lives. (cdc.gov)

Overall, 55 faculty at Berkeley (in MCB and other departments) conduct neurobiology research, reflecting the diversity and importance of this field within modern biology. (berkeley.edu)
All Neurobiology majors receive essential coursework in molecular and cell biology, as well as rigorous training in specific neurobiology courses. (berkeley.edu)

In stomach cells protein digesting enzymes are stored in the inactive form Once the enyme leave the stomach an acid in the stomach changes the shape of the inactive enzyme making it active Why must the protein digest exymes be stored in the inactive form? (answerbag.com)
In Chapters 12 and 13 we discuss the internal membranes of the cell and the protein traffic through and between them. (nih.gov)
image: Princeton researchers have developed a framework to engineer the protein droplets that organize crucial functions inside a cell. (eurekalert.org)
Then to test the theory, Shimobayashi turned to an advanced protein tool developed in Brangwynne's lab in 2018 that provided an ideal, simplified system that mimics how the process occurs naturally in cells. (eurekalert.org)
In particular, our research can explain for the first time why a protein that is present in all cells, after mutation, causes a phenotype only in the brain, but not in other organs. (lmu.de)
Bone /RCC models were generated, coculturing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Caki-1 and 786-O cells with human primary OBs in a " cell - cell contact" system. (bvsalud.org)

At this point, it is just a matter of generating more powerful optics to visualize the chemistry of life that really unfolds in the body, not under artificial laboratory conditions that stress cells and likely modify their behavior. (nih.gov)
These findings emphasize how important it is scientifically to study biology on its own terms, not under artificial laboratory conditions," said Natalie Porat-Shliom, an NIDCR scientist and lead author on the paper. (nih.gov)

My recent experimental and theoretical studies have been focused on an analysis of the "codes" with which nerve cells in sensory systems represent information about external stimuli, the neural mechanisms through which that information is processed within subsequent stages of the nervous system, and the extent to which the nervous system may have become optimized through evolution. (montana.edu)
However, the exact mechanisms of action and the extent to which different cells are involved still need to be elucidated. (medscape.com)

Targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have advanced the treatment landscape of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) over the last decade. (port.ac.uk)
Antitumor Effect of Cabozantinib in Bone Metastatic Models of Renal Cell Carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
The presence of bone metastases in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) negatively affects patients ' survival . (bvsalud.org)
Here, we evaluated the antitumor effect of cabozantinib in coculture models of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and osteoblasts (OBs) to investigate whether and how its antiproliferative activity is influenced by OBs. (bvsalud.org)

If you are interested in the inner workings and structure of organisms, you should consider earning a graduate degree in molecular biology. (gradschools.com)
The centrosome is the organelle responsible for the organization of the cytoskeleton during cell division, an essential function in organisms from yeast to humans. (lmu.de)
Temporally and spatially organized cell fate transitions are at the basis of the genesis of multicellular organisms and alterations from this body plan can generate pathologies. (cea.fr)
We and other multicellular organisms contain billions or trillions of cells organized into complex structures, but many organisms consist of a single cell. (alloteacher.com)
Even simple unicellular organisms exhibit all the hallmark properties of life, indicating that the cell is the fundamental unit of life. (alloteacher.com)
Large organisms such as human beings average about one mutation per ten gametes [a gamete is a sex cell, either sperm or egg] -- that is, there is a 10 percent chance that any given sperm or egg cell produced will have a new and inheritable change in the genetic instructions that make up the next generation. (howstuffworks.com)

report that epidermal differentiation is a multi-day process through which cells undergo a continuum of transcriptional alterations initiated independently of cell cycle exit. (nature.com)
Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. (elsevier.com)

In recent years, the Golgi outpost has emerged as a satellite organelle that can function as an acentrosomal microtubule-organizing center (MTOC), nucleating new microtubules at distances far from the nucleus or cell body. (cell.com)
In an animal cell, it is this end that is located at the centriole-containing centrosome found near the nucleus, while the plus end, comprised of exposed beta -units, is projected out toward the cell's surface. (fsu.edu)
All Biology majors require the 26-credit Biology Nucleus. (western.edu)
Shoot tips of maize are composed of small cells with a dense cytoplasm and a prominent nucleus. (bvsalud.org)
In the inner cell layer, small and isodiametric cells with a prominent nucleus, small vacuoles, endoplasmatic reticulum, Golgi, mitochondrias and chloroplasts were observed. (bvsalud.org)

Presented in Figure 2 is a digital image of the microtubule network found in an embryonic mouse cell as seen through a fluorescence optical microscope. (fsu.edu)

These straight, hollow cylinders are found throughout the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells (prokaryotes don't have them) and carry out a variety of functions, ranging from transport to structural support. (fsu.edu)
Cytoplasm consists of the jelly-like cytosol inside the cell, plus the cellular structures suspended in it. (khanacademy.org)

Partial induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) are cell lines strayed from normal route from somatic cells to iPSCs and are immortalized. (refine.bio)
which bipolar structures that resemble zygotic nevertheless, improvement through genetic embryos are developed from haploid or diploid engineering or mutagenesis requires a reliable somatic cells through an orderly embryologi- and efficient in vitro culture system. (bvsalud.org)

Since eukaryotic cells greatly depend upon the integrity of microtubules and other cytoskeletal filaments to maintain their structure and essentially to survive, many plants produce natural toxins aimed at disrupting the microtubule network as a means of self-defense. (fsu.edu)
Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all eukaryotes- eu means true-and are made up of eukaryotic cells. (khanacademy.org)

The movements could last from tens of seconds to minutes, which was far longer and frequently at a faster tempo than observed previously in cell culture," said Roberto Weigert, Ph.D., an NIDCR scientist and senior author on the study. (nih.gov)
German scientist Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz gave this cell the name "neuron" in 1891. (giantmicrobes.com)

Recent advances in single cell analyses enable addressing these research topics with unprecedented sensitivity, while constantly improving strategies for germline editing raise possibilities for translating basic science findings into biomedical and biotechnological applications. (grc.org)

The best molecular biology graduate programs also prepare professionals for possible work in government agencies and teaching at the university level. (gradschools.com)
For many years, scientists have thought that cells would always gravitate toward a stiffer environment, but the University of Minnesota researchers observed for the first time that cells can actually move toward a 'sweet spot' that's more in the middle. (news-medical.net)

A. All cells are motile B. All cells have internal structures that move. (answerbag.com)
What structures or components must a cell contain to be alive? (answerbag.com)
The team next turned back to the messy complexity of native cell structures. (eurekalert.org)
The structures for several enzymes that regulate fatty acylation have been identified recently, aiding the "druggability" of these targets for therapeutic gain as well as parsing apart their roles in cell biology. (biochemistry.org)
As the twenty-first century opens, we face an explosion of new data about the components of cells, what structures they contain, how they touch and influence each other. (alloteacher.com)
Research in structural virology aims to provide a molecular description of the dynamics of viral structures at various essential stages of the infectious cycle: assembly of the viral particle, fusion of viral and cell membranes, packaging and ejection of the viral genome. (paris-saclay.fr)
Some bacteria also have specialized structures found on the cell surface, which may help them move, stick to surfaces, or even exchange genetic material with other bacteria. (khanacademy.org)
Fimbriae are numerous, hair-like structures that are used for attachment to host cells and other surfaces. (khanacademy.org)

Because the field of biology touches so many parts of the world, the best molecular biology graduate programs have a number of academic programs at the masters and doctorate degree level. (gradschools.com)
A degree from a molecular biology graduate school might involve earning a teaching credential or graduate degree for possible teaching at the K-12 or college level. (gradschools.com)
The most widely accepted grading schema for astrocytomas is the World Health Organization [WHO] that assigns a grade from I to IV based on the degree of anaplasia of tumor cells, proliferation index values and genetic alterations. (medscape.com)

Intense research centers on the origin of these cells, how can they be recognized, how they are regulated at the genetic and epigenetic levels, and how their properties and behavior affect resulting embryos. (grc.org)
This conference will bring together leading scientists at the forefront of international research in the germ cell field in a range of vertebrate (primarily mammalian) systems. (grc.org)
This research employs X-ray crystallography and structural electron cryo-microscopy that will be enriched in the near future by in situ structural biology technologies. (paris-saclay.fr)
Their research showed that the cells can have a 'sweet spot' of stiffness, that isn't too hard or too soft, in which they have better traction and can move faster. (news-medical.net)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)

Recently, the first in vitro norovirus cell culture model was reported for a virus that infects mice ( 18 , 19 ). (cdc.gov)
Urate has anti-oxidant effects, is protective to dopaminergic cells in vitro and in vivo, and may be lower in post-mortem brains of PD patients. (cdc.gov)

Cell membranes are crucial to the life of the cell. (nih.gov)
The functions of cell membranes are considered in later chapters. (nih.gov)

Identify each of the main steps involved in the cell cycle and consequences of the process going wrong. (southampton.ac.uk)

Another example is the translocation of vesicles containing neurotransmitters by microtubules to the tips of nerve cell axons. (fsu.edu)

Like ourselves, the individual cells that form our bodies can grow, reproduce, process information, respond to stimuli, and carry out an amazing array of chemical reactions. (alloteacher.com)

If a cell is very active and needs more energy, what type of organelle will it need more of? (answerbag.com)

This approach is common in materials science, but we've adapted it to do something unprecedented in cells,' said principal investigator Clifford Brangwynne, the June K. Wu '92 Professor in Engineering and director of the Princeton Bioengineering Initiative. (eurekalert.org)

The stratum spinosum is the thickest layer of the epidermis and contains multiple polygonal spiny cells rich in cytokeratin and with desmosomal intercellular connections. (medscape.com)

Anatomy38

Organisms17

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs28

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment51

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes68

Disciplines and Occupations29

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Technology, Industry, Agriculture12

Humanities5

Information Science15

Named Groups1

Health Care4

How cells (might) sense microgravity. (1/414)

Mapping the literature of cytotechnology. (2/414)

Antibodies and sperm survival in the female tract of the mouse and rabbit. (3/414)

A new miniature hydrostatic pressure chamber for microscopy. Strain-free optical glass windows facilitate phase-contrast and polarized-light microscopy of living cells. Optional fixture permits simultaneous control of pressure and temperature. (4/414)

Prototype Web-based continuing medical education using FlashPix images. (5/414)

A brief history of the Japan Society for Cell Biology. (6/414)

Myocardial lysis in acute rheumatic fever followed by regeneration of cardiac muscle and origin of Aschoff bodies. (7/414)

Papanicolaou tests diagnosed as atypical by a cytotechnologist and downgraded to benign by a pathologist: a measure of laboratory quality. (8/414)

Cell Biology

Biology

Systems Biology

Molecular Biology

Developmental Biology

Cells

Computational Biology

Synthetic Biology

Stem Cells

Models, Biological

Societies, Scientific

Cell Physiological Phenomena

History, 21st Century

Signal Transduction

History, 20th Century

Cell Differentiation

Cell Physiological Processes

Cytological Techniques

Regenerative Medicine

Planarians

Neoplasms

Gene Expression Profiling

Adult Stem Cells

Cell Lineage

Biochemistry

Regeneration

Cell Proliferation

Embryonic Stem Cells

Stem Cell Transplantation

Genomics

Cell Culture Techniques

Stem Cell Research

Neoplastic Stem Cells

Microscopy, Fluorescence

Awards and Prizes

Cells, Cultured

Allergy and Immunology

Organelles

Research

Molecular Sequence Data

Proteomics

Gene Expression Regulation

Proteins

Phenotype

Microscopy

Neurobiology

Pluripotent Stem Cells

Software

Gene Regulatory Networks

Green Fluorescent Proteins

Cell Movement

Bioengineering

Microfluidic Analytical Techniques

Protein Transport

Cell Line

Stem Cell Niche

Tissue Engineering

Audiovisual Aids

Mutation

Cytoskeleton

Cleome

Embryology

Proteome

Biological Evolution

Biotechnology

Students

Disease

Bioartificial Organs

Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

Nanotechnology

Epithelial Cells

History, 19th Century

Genetic Engineering

Nuclear Reprogramming

Mammals

Serial Publications

Cell Division

Computer Simulation

Cell Dedifferentiation

Metabolic Networks and Pathways