Coma
Glasgow Coma Scale
Diabetic Coma
Insulin Coma
Coma, Post-Head Injury
Myxedema
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma
Brain Injuries
Craniocerebral Trauma
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Malaria, Cerebral
Persistent Vegetative State
Corneal Wavefront Aberration
Aberrometry
Trauma Severity Indices
Glasgow Outcome Scale
Astigmatism
Corneal Topography
Rehydration Solutions
Fluid Therapy
Cholera
Malnutrition
A coma is a deep state of unconsciousness in which an individual cannot be awakened, cannot respond to stimuli, and does not exhibit any sleep-wake cycles. It is typically caused by severe brain injury, illness, or toxic exposure that impairs the function of the brainstem and cerebral cortex.
In a coma, the person may appear to be asleep, but they are not aware of their surroundings or able to communicate or respond to stimuli. Comas can last for varying lengths of time, from days to weeks or even months, and some people may emerge from a coma with varying degrees of brain function and disability.
Medical professionals use various diagnostic tools and assessments to evaluate the level of consciousness and brain function in individuals who are in a coma, including the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), which measures eye opening, verbal response, and motor response. Treatment for coma typically involves supportive care to maintain vital functions, manage any underlying medical conditions, and prevent further complications.
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a standardized tool used by healthcare professionals to assess the level of consciousness and neurological response in a person who has suffered a brain injury or illness. It evaluates three aspects of a patient's responsiveness: eye opening, verbal response, and motor response. The scores from these three categories are then added together to provide an overall GCS score, which can range from 3 (indicating deep unconsciousness) to 15 (indicating a normal level of consciousness). This scale helps medical professionals to quickly and consistently communicate the severity of a patient's condition and monitor their progress over time.
A diabetic coma is a serious and life-threatening condition that occurs when an individual with diabetes experiences severely high or low blood sugar levels, leading to unconsciousness. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.
In the case of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), the body produces excess amounts of urine to try to eliminate the glucose, leading to dehydration and a lack of essential nutrients in the body. This can result in a buildup of toxic byproducts called ketones, which can cause a condition known as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA can lead to a diabetic coma if left untreated.
On the other hand, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) can also cause a diabetic coma. This occurs when the brain is not receiving enough glucose to function properly, leading to confusion, seizures, and eventually unconsciousness.
If you suspect someone is experiencing a diabetic coma, it is important to seek emergency medical attention immediately. While waiting for help to arrive, try to administer glucose or sugar to the individual if they are conscious and able to swallow. If they are unconscious, do not give them anything to eat or drink, as this could cause choking or further complications.
An Insulin Coma is not a formal medical term, but it has been used in the past to describe a deliberate medical procedure known as Insulin Shock Therapy. This was a treatment for mental illness that involved administering large doses of insulin to induce hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which could lead to a coma.
The idea behind this therapy, which was popular in the mid-20th century, was that the induced coma and subsequent recovery could have therapeutic effects on the brain and help alleviate symptoms of mental illnesses like schizophrenia. However, this treatment fell out of favor due to its significant risks and the development of more effective and safer treatments.
It's important to note that in current medical practice, inducing a coma with insulin is not a standard or recommended procedure due to the potential for severe harm, including brain damage and death.
A post-head injury coma is a state of deep unconsciousness that occurs following a traumatic brain injury to the head. This condition is characterized by a complete loss of awareness and inability to respond to external stimuli or communicate. The individual is unable to move or speak, and there is no sleep-wake cycle.
The duration of a post-head injury coma can vary widely, from a few days to several weeks or even months, depending on the severity of the brain injury. Factors that influence the prognosis include the cause and location of the injury, the patient's age and overall health status, and the promptness and effectiveness of medical treatment.
Post-head injury coma is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate evaluation and management by a team of healthcare professionals, including neurosurgeons, neurologists, critical care specialists, and rehabilitation therapists. The goal of treatment is to minimize secondary brain damage, prevent complications, and promote recovery.
Myxedema is not a term used in modern medicine to describe a specific medical condition. However, historically, it was used to refer to the severe form of hypothyroidism, a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland that doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. In hypothyroidism, various body functions slow down, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, and dry skin.
Myxedema specifically refers to the physical signs of severe hypothyroidism, including swelling (edema) and thickening of the skin, particularly around the face, hands, and feet, as well as a puffy appearance of the face. The term myxedema coma was used to describe a rare but life-threatening complication of long-standing, untreated hypothyroidism, characterized by altered mental status, hypothermia, and other systemic manifestations.
Nowadays, healthcare professionals use more precise medical terminology to describe these conditions, such as hypothyroidism or myxedematous edema, rather than the outdated term myxedema.
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma (HHNC) is a serious complication of diabetes, specifically type 2, that occurs when blood glucose levels rise to extremely high levels, typically above 600 mg/dL. This condition is often accompanied by severe dehydration due to excessive urination and an inability to consume adequate fluids.
The term "hyperosmolar" refers to the high concentration of glucose in the blood, which increases the osmolality (or osmotic pressure) of the blood. This can lead to water moving out of cells and into the bloodstream to try to balance out the concentration, causing severe dehydration.
The term "nonketotic" means that there is no significant production of ketone bodies, which are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy in the absence of sufficient insulin. This differentiates HHNC from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), another serious complication of diabetes.
The "coma" part of the term refers to the fact that HHNC can cause altered mental status, ranging from confusion and disorientation to coma, due to the effects of dehydration and high blood glucose levels on the brain.
HHNC is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment in a hospital setting. Treatment typically involves administering fluids to rehydrate the body, insulin to lower blood glucose levels, and addressing any other underlying conditions or complications. If left untreated, HHNC can be life-threatening.
A brain injury is defined as damage to the brain that occurs following an external force or trauma, such as a blow to the head, a fall, or a motor vehicle accident. Brain injuries can also result from internal conditions, such as lack of oxygen or a stroke. There are two main types of brain injuries: traumatic and acquired.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by an external force that results in the brain moving within the skull or the skull being fractured. Mild TBIs may result in temporary symptoms such as headaches, confusion, and memory loss, while severe TBIs can cause long-term complications, including physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments.
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is any injury to the brain that occurs after birth and is not hereditary, congenital, or degenerative. ABIs are often caused by medical conditions such as strokes, tumors, anoxia (lack of oxygen), or infections.
Both TBIs and ABIs can range from mild to severe and may result in a variety of physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms that can impact a person's ability to perform daily activities and function independently. Treatment for brain injuries typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including medical management, rehabilitation, and supportive care.
Craniocerebral trauma, also known as traumatic brain injury (TBI), is a type of injury that occurs to the head and brain. It can result from a variety of causes, including motor vehicle accidents, falls, sports injuries, violence, or other types of trauma. Craniocerebral trauma can range in severity from mild concussions to severe injuries that cause permanent disability or death.
The injury typically occurs when there is a sudden impact to the head, causing the brain to move within the skull and collide with the inside of the skull. This can result in bruising, bleeding, swelling, or tearing of brain tissue, as well as damage to blood vessels and nerves. In severe cases, the skull may be fractured or penetrated, leading to direct injury to the brain.
Symptoms of craniocerebral trauma can vary widely depending on the severity and location of the injury. They may include headache, dizziness, confusion, memory loss, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, changes in vision or hearing, weakness or numbness in the limbs, balance problems, and behavioral or emotional changes. In severe cases, the person may lose consciousness or fall into a coma.
Treatment for craniocerebral trauma depends on the severity of the injury. Mild injuries may be treated with rest, pain medication, and close monitoring, while more severe injuries may require surgery, intensive care, and rehabilitation. Prevention is key to reducing the incidence of craniocerebral trauma, including measures such as wearing seat belts and helmets, preventing falls, and avoiding violent situations.
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with liver dysfunction and/or portosystemic shunting. It results from the accumulation of toxic substances, such as ammonia and inflammatory mediators, which are normally metabolized by the liver. HE can present with a wide range of symptoms, including changes in sleep-wake cycle, altered mental status, confusion, disorientation, asterixis (flapping tremor), and in severe cases, coma. The diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, neuropsychological testing, and exclusion of other causes of cognitive impairment. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying liver dysfunction, reducing ammonia production through dietary modifications and medications, and preventing further episodes with lactulose or rifaximin therapy.
Cerebral malaria is a severe form of malaria that affects the brain. It is caused by Plasmodium falciparum parasites, which are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. In cerebral malaria, the parasites infect and destroy red blood cells, leading to their accumulation in small blood vessels in the brain. This can cause swelling of the brain, impaired consciousness, seizures, coma, and even death if left untreated.
The medical definition of cerebral malaria is:
A severe form of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum parasites that affects the brain and results in altered mental status, seizures, coma, or other neurological symptoms. It is characterized by the sequestration of infected red blood cells in the cerebral microvasculature, leading to inflammation, endothelial activation, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. Cerebral malaria can cause long-term neurological deficits or death if not promptly diagnosed and treated with appropriate antimalarial therapy.
Persistent vegetative state (PVS) is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged disorder of consciousness. It's not the same as a coma. In PVS, a person may open their eyes, appear to be awake and have periods of sleep and wakefulness, but they do not show signs of awareness or cognition. They do not respond to stimuli, cannot communicate, and do not have any purposeful behaviors.
This condition can occur after a severe brain injury, such as from trauma, stroke, or lack of oxygen supply. The chance of recovery from PVS is very low, and if some recovery does occur, it's usually incomplete.
It's important to note that the term "persistent vegetative state" has been replaced in some clinical settings with "unresponsive wakefulness syndrome" due to the negative connotations associated with the term "vegetative".
Corneal wavefront aberration is a measurement of the irregularities in the shape and curvature of the cornea, which can affect the way light enters the eye and is focused on the retina. A wavefront aberration test uses a device to measure the refraction of light as it passes through the cornea and calculates the degree of any distortions or irregularities in the wavefront of the light. This information can be used to guide treatment decisions, such as the prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses, or the planning of a surgical procedure to correct the aberration.
Corneal wavefront aberrations can be classified into two types: low-order and high-order aberrations. Low-order aberrations include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism, which are common refractive errors that can be easily corrected with glasses or contact lenses. High-order aberrations are more complex irregularities in the wavefront of light that cannot be fully corrected with traditional eyeglasses or contact lenses. These may include coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration, among others.
High-order corneal wavefront aberrations can affect visual quality, causing symptoms such as glare, halos around lights, and decreased contrast sensitivity. They are often associated with conditions that cause changes in the shape of the cornea, such as keratoconus or corneal surgery. In some cases, high-order aberrations can be corrected with specialized contact lenses or refractive surgery procedures such as wavefront-guided LASIK or PRK.
Aberrometry is a medical diagnostic technique used to measure the amount and type of aberration or distortion in the optical system of the eye. It is often used to evaluate the quality of vision, particularly in cases where traditional methods of measuring visual acuity are not sufficient.
During an aberrometry test, the patient looks into a specialized instrument called a wavefront sensor while a series of light patterns are projected onto the retina. The sensor then measures how the light is distorted as it passes through the eye's optical system, including the cornea and lens. This information is used to create a detailed map of the eye's aberrations, which can help doctors identify any irregularities that may be contributing to visual symptoms such as blurred vision, glare, or halos around lights.
Aberrometry is often used in conjunction with other diagnostic tests to evaluate patients who are considering refractive surgery, such as LASIK or PRK. By identifying any abnormalities in the eye's optical system, doctors can determine whether a patient is a good candidate for surgery and make more informed decisions about how to proceed with treatment.
"Trauma severity indices" refer to various scoring systems used by healthcare professionals to evaluate the severity of injuries in trauma patients. These tools help standardize the assessment and communication of injury severity among different members of the healthcare team, allowing for more effective and consistent treatment planning, resource allocation, and prognosis estimation.
There are several commonly used trauma severity indices, including:
1. Injury Severity Score (ISS): ISS is an anatomical scoring system that evaluates the severity of injuries based on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). The body is divided into six regions, and the square of the highest AIS score in each region is summed to calculate the ISS. Scores range from 0 to 75, with higher scores indicating more severe injuries.
2. New Injury Severity Score (NISS): NISS is a modification of the ISS that focuses on the three most severely injured body regions, regardless of their anatomical location. The three highest AIS scores are squared and summed to calculate the NISS. This scoring system tends to correlate better with mortality than the ISS in some studies.
3. Revised Trauma Score (RTS): RTS is a physiological scoring system that evaluates the patient's respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological status upon arrival at the hospital. It uses variables such as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), systolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate to calculate a score between 0 and 7.84, with lower scores indicating more severe injuries.
4. Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS): TRISS is a combined anatomical and physiological scoring system that estimates the probability of survival based on ISS or NISS, RTS, age, and mechanism of injury (blunt or penetrating). It uses logistic regression equations to calculate the predicted probability of survival.
5. Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS): PTS is a physiological scoring system specifically designed for children under 14 years old. It evaluates six variables, including respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, capillary refill time, GCS, and temperature to calculate a score between -6 and +12, with lower scores indicating more severe injuries.
These scoring systems help healthcare professionals assess the severity of trauma, predict outcomes, allocate resources, and compare patient populations in research settings. However, they should not replace clinical judgment or individualized care for each patient.
The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) is a widely used clinical measurement for assessing the outcome and recovery of patients who have suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI) or other neurological disorders. It was first introduced in 1975 by Graham Jennett and colleagues at the University of Glasgow.
The GOS classifies the overall functional ability and independence of a patient into one of the following five hierarchical categories:
1. **Death:** The patient has died due to the injury or its complications.
2. **Vegetative State (VS):** The patient is unaware of their surroundings, shows no meaningful response to stimuli, and has minimal or absent brainstem reflexes. They may have sleep-wake cycles but lack higher cognitive functions.
3. **Severe Disability (SD):** The patient demonstrates considerable disability in their daily life, requiring assistance with personal care and activities. They might have cognitive impairments, communication difficulties, or physical disabilities that limit their independence.
4. **Moderate Disability (MD):** The patient has some disability but can live independently, manage their own affairs, and return to work in a sheltered environment. They may exhibit minor neurological or psychological deficits.
5. **Good Recovery (GR):** The patient has resumed normal life with minimal or no residual neurological or psychological deficits. They might have some minor problems with memory, concentration, or organizational skills but can perform their daily activities without assistance.
The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) is an updated and more detailed version of the GOS, which further breaks down the original five categories into eight subcategories for a more nuanced assessment of patient outcomes.
Astigmatism is a common eye condition that occurs when the cornea or lens has an irregular shape, causing blurred or distorted vision. The cornea and lens are typically smooth and curved uniformly in all directions, allowing light to focus clearly on the retina. However, if the cornea or lens is not smoothly curved and has a steeper curve in one direction than the other, it causes light to focus unevenly on the retina, leading to astigmatism.
Astigmatism can cause blurred vision at all distances, as well as eye strain, headaches, and fatigue. It is often present from birth and can be hereditary, but it can also develop later in life due to eye injuries or surgery. Astigmatism can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery such as LASIK.
Corneal topography is a non-invasive medical imaging technique used to create a detailed map of the surface curvature of the cornea, which is the clear, dome-shaped surface at the front of the eye. This procedure provides valuable information about the shape and condition of the cornea, helping eye care professionals assess various eye conditions such as astigmatism, keratoconus, and other corneal abnormalities. It can also be used in contact lens fitting, refractive surgery planning, and post-surgical evaluation.
Rehydration solutions are medically formulated drinks designed to restore fluid and electrolyte balance in the body, particularly when someone is dehydrated due to vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive sweating. These solutions typically contain water, glucose (or sucrose), and essential electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate in specific concentrations to match the body's needs. Common examples of rehydration solutions include oral rehydration salts (ORS) and sports drinks, which help replenish the body's water and electrolyte levels, promoting rapid and effective rehydration.
Fluid therapy, in a medical context, refers to the administration of fluids into a patient's circulatory system for various therapeutic purposes. This can be done intravenously (through a vein), intraosseously (through a bone), or subcutaneously (under the skin). The goal of fluid therapy is to correct or prevent imbalances in the body's fluids and electrolytes, maintain or restore blood volume, and support organ function.
The types of fluids used in fluid therapy can include crystalloids (which contain electrolytes and water) and colloids (which contain larger molecules like proteins). The choice of fluid depends on the patient's specific needs and condition. Fluid therapy is commonly used in the treatment of dehydration, shock, sepsis, trauma, surgery, and other medical conditions that can affect the body's fluid balance.
Proper administration of fluid therapy requires careful monitoring of the patient's vital signs, urine output, electrolyte levels, and overall clinical status to ensure that the therapy is effective and safe.
Dehydration is a condition that occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in. It's normal to lose water throughout the day through activities like breathing, sweating, and urinating; however, if you don't replenish this lost fluid, your body can become dehydrated.
Mild to moderate dehydration can cause symptoms such as:
- Dry mouth
- Fatigue or weakness
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Headache
- Dark colored urine
- Muscle cramps
Severe dehydration can lead to more serious health problems, including heat injury, urinary and kidney problems, seizures, and even hypovolemic shock, a life-threatening condition that occurs when your blood volume is too low.
Dehydration can be caused by various factors such as illness (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting), excessive sweating, high fever, burns, alcohol consumption, and certain medications. It's essential to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, especially during hot weather, exercise, or when you're ill.
Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which is usually transmitted through contaminated food or water. The main symptoms of cholera are profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration, which can lead to electrolyte imbalances, shock, and even death if left untreated. Cholera remains a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene. The disease is preventable through proper food handling, safe water supplies, and improved sanitation, as well as vaccination for those at high risk.
Infantile diarrhea is a medical condition characterized by loose, watery stools in infants and young children. It can be caused by various factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, allergies, or malabsorption disorders. In some cases, it may also be associated with certain medications or underlying medical conditions.
Infantile diarrhea can lead to dehydration and other complications if not treated promptly and properly. It is important to monitor the infant's hydration status by checking for signs of dehydration such as dry mouth, sunken eyes, and decreased urine output. If diarrhea persists or is accompanied by vomiting, fever, or other concerning symptoms, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly.
Treatment for infantile diarrhea typically involves rehydration with oral electrolyte solutions, as well as addressing the underlying cause of the diarrhea if possible. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous fluids may be necessary.
Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which one or more nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the body's function is not maintained. It can also refer to a deficiency or excess of vitamins, minerals, protein, energy, and/or water. This condition can have negative effects on physical and mental health. Malnutrition includes undernutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight), overnutrition (overweight, obesity) and micronutrient deficiencies or excesses.
It's important to note that malnutrition is different from malabsorption, which is the inability to absorb nutrients from food. Malabsorption can also lead to malnutrition if it results in a lack of necessary nutrients for the body's function.
Child nutrition disorders refer to a range of conditions that are caused by an improper or imbalanced diet during childhood. These disorders can have long-term effects on a child's growth, development, and overall health. Some common examples of child nutrition disorders include:
1. Malnutrition: This occurs when a child does not get enough nutrients for proper growth and development. It can result from inadequate food intake, digestive problems, or certain medical conditions that affect nutrient absorption.
2. Obesity: This is a condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation to the point where it negatively affects a child's health. Obesity can lead to a range of health problems, including diabetes, heart disease, and orthopedic issues.
3. Vitamin deficiencies: Children who do not get enough vitamins in their diet may develop deficiencies that can lead to a range of health problems. For example, a lack of vitamin D can lead to rickets, while a lack of vitamin C can cause scurvy.
4. Food allergies and intolerances: Some children have allergic reactions or intolerances to certain foods, which can cause a range of symptoms, including digestive problems, skin rashes, and respiratory difficulties.
5. Eating disorders: Children may develop eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder, which can have serious consequences for their physical and mental health.
Preventing child nutrition disorders involves providing children with a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods from all the major food groups, encouraging regular exercise, and promoting healthy eating habits. Regular medical check-ups can also help identify any nutritional deficiencies or other health problems early on, allowing for prompt treatment.
Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale
Induced coma
Coma
Scott Gross
Chlorpyrifos
Snake venom
Benzodiazepine overdose
Hyponatremia
Steve Johnson (Days of Our Lives)
Depressant
2003 in music
Thyroid storm
Glasgow Coma Scale
Diabetic hypoglycemia
Amanita muscaria
Gerhard Barkhorn
Injury in humans
The Bionic Woman
Lysinuric protein intolerance
Salt poisoning
List of Demonbane characters
Bloody Paniai case
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Drinking water quality in the United States
Diffuse axonal injury
Death of Tuğçe Albayrak
Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome
Yeh Yung-chih Incident
1989 Michigan 500
Prostaglandin inhibitors
Coma (1978 film)
Nils UÅ¡akovs
Monty Scott
Wind, waves & weather forecast Els Masos de Coma-Ruga - Windfinder
Hypothyroidism and Myxedema Coma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Spouse Coma Nightmare - Severe Brain Injury Vigil
Yellowstone Visitor Who Suffered Severe Thermal Burns Still in Coma
ACCURACY OF GLASGOW COMA SCALE (GCS) COMPONENTS AS PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY OF MODERATE AND SEVERE HEAD INJURY CLIENTS ...
Rehydration Therapy | Treatment | Cholera | CDC
Paroxetine: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale - Wikipedia
Brisdelle uses
Brain hypoxia: Symptoms, causes, and recovery
Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Part 4: The Cholinergic Toxidrome Section 5: Signs and Symptoms by Route of Exposure and Chemical...
Hypothyroidism and Myxedema Coma Treatment & Management: Prehospital Care, Emergency Department Care, Consultations
Don't blame the turkey. Here's what experts say is really behind your food coma - Local News 8
Rhabdomyolysis Symptoms, Cause, Diagnosis & Recovery
Kremlin critic Alexey Navalny out of coma after 'severe' Novichok nerve agent poisoning | Software Tool Apps
Ebola Virus and Disease
Generalized EEG Waveform Abnormalities: Overview, Background Slowing, Intermittent Slowing
Acute Kidney Injury Interacts With Coma, Acidosis, and Impaired Perfusion to Significantly Increase Risk of Death in Children...
Placebo-controlled trial of amantadine for severe traumatic brain injury
Phosphine | Medical Management Guidelines | Toxic Substance Portal | ATSDR
Thallium: Systemic Agent | NIOSH | CDC
Synthroid, Levoxyl (levothyroxine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Former France defender Adams dies after 39 years in a coma - ABC17NEWS
CDC | Case Definition: Strychnine
Drug Spotlight: What You Should Know About Amitraz Toxicity
Daonil® - MyDr.com.au
Diabetic coma - Symptoms & causes - Mayo Clinic
Seizures4
- Severe cases can result in seizures and brain death. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- In severe cases, kidney failure can cause seizures and coma. (familydoctor.org)
- More severe dangers of ivermectin ingestion include neurologic disorders, seizures, coma and death. (kxan.com)
- A child may have seizures or go into a coma. (aboutkidshealth.ca)
GLASGOW COMA4
- The Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (British English) or the Pediatric Glasgow Coma Score (American English) or simply PGCS is the equivalent of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) used to assess the level of consciousness of child patients. (wikipedia.org)
- As many of the assessments for an adult patient would not be appropriate for infants, the Glasgow Coma Scale was modified slightly to form the PGCS. (wikipedia.org)
- The study was primarily designed to assess the change in the level of neurological impairment in subjects suffering from the symptoms of EHS, from baseline to 90 minutes post-randomization, using the Glasgow Coma Scale ("GCS"), a validated and widely used tool among clinicians. (mhaus.org)
- The use of a validated and well-known instrument to evaluate neurological functioning, such as the Glasgow Coma Scale, provides a reliable assessment of CNS impairment and its progression over time. (mhaus.org)
Hypothyroidism3
- Myxedema coma , a rare, life-threatening condition, occurs late in the progression of hypothyroidism. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema and Coma (Severe Hypothyroidism). (medscape.com)
- Myxedema coma occurs rarely, appearing in 0.1% of all cases of hypothyroidism. (medscape.com)
Myxedema8
- If myxedema coma is suspected on clinical impression, start IV thyroid hormone treatment. (medscape.com)
- With a diagnosis of myxedema coma, initiate hormonal therapy. (medscape.com)
- Myxedema coma may lead to profound hemodynamic instability and airway compromise. (medscape.com)
- Emergency physicians should anticipate a potentially difficult airway in patients with myxedema coma. (medscape.com)
- For patients with myxedema coma, consult a critical care intensivist regarding admission to an ICU and optimization treatment. (medscape.com)
- A diagnostic scoring system for myxedema coma. (medscape.com)
- Severe angioedema in myxedema coma: a difficult airway in a rare endocrine emergency. (medscape.com)
- Ono Y, Ono S, Yasunaga H, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Tanaka Y. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of myxedema coma: Analysis of a national inpatient database in Japan. (medscape.com)
Traumatic brain1
- So when you saying he's six months in a coma, that's considered a severe traumatic brain injury. (voanews.com)
Convulsions2
- The major identifying clinical features of strychnine poisoning through ingestion are severe, painful spasms of the neck, back, and limbs and convulsions with an intact sensorium. (cdc.gov)
- Dosage may be repeated if life threatening signs, such as arrhythmia, convulsions or coma occurs. (rxlist.com)
Diabetic13
- A diabetic coma is a life-threatening disorder that causes unconsciousness. (mayoclinic.org)
- If you have diabetes, dangerously high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) or dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can lead to a diabetic coma. (mayoclinic.org)
- If you go into a diabetic coma, you're alive - but you can't wake up or respond purposefully to sights, sounds or other types of stimulation. (mayoclinic.org)
- If it's not treated, a diabetic coma can result in death. (mayoclinic.org)
- The idea of a diabetic coma can be scary, but you can take steps to help prevent it. (mayoclinic.org)
- Symptoms of high blood sugar or low blood sugar usually develop before a diabetic coma. (mayoclinic.org)
- A diabetic coma is a medical emergency. (mayoclinic.org)
- Blood sugar that's either too high or too low for too long may cause the following serious health problems, all of which can lead to a diabetic coma. (mayoclinic.org)
- If it's not treated, it can lead to a diabetic coma. (mayoclinic.org)
- If it isn't treated, this can lead to life-threatening dehydration and a diabetic coma. (mayoclinic.org)
- Diabetic nephropathy does not usually cause any symptoms until kidney damage is severe. (familydoctor.org)
- In 2012, she suffered severe brain damage after slipping into a diabetic coma. (cbc.ca)
- They say it's clear from the recording that she was slipping into a diabetic coma. (cbc.ca)
20001
- Management of Severe and Complicated Malaria - A Practical Handbook (WHO - OMS, 2000, 69 p. (nzdl.org)
Mortality6
- This study aims to analyze the ability of GCS components as a predictor of mortality for moderate and severe head injury clients. (unej.ac.id)
- Mortality in severe malaria remains high in children treated with intravenous artesunate . (bvsalud.org)
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of severe malaria , but the interactions between AKI and other complications on the risk of mortality in severe malaria are not well characterized. (bvsalud.org)
- Between 2014 and 2017, 600 children aged 6-48 months to 4 years hospitalized with severe malaria were enrolled in a prospective clinical cohort study evaluating clinical predictors of mortality in children with severe malaria . (bvsalud.org)
- A better understanding of the causes of these complications of severe malaria , and development and implementation of measures to prevent and treat them, such as dialysis , are needed to reduce mortality in severe malaria . (bvsalud.org)
- EHS is the most severe form of heat-related illness, characterized by core body temperature of 104° F (40° C) or greater and significant neurological dysfunction, and carries high rates of morbidity and mortality. (mhaus.org)
Anoxic3
- We also compared our retrospectively acquired data in anoxic coma with historical data from the published literature on prospective post-anoxic studies using the Greyson NDE scale. (frontiersin.org)
- Greyson NDE scale features) did not differ between "NDE-like" ( n = 50) and "real NDE" ( n = 140) groups, nor within the "real NDE" group depending on the cause of coma (anoxic/traumatic/other). (frontiersin.org)
- We're told she suffered a severe anoxic brain injury -- complete oxygen deprivation to the brain. (tmz.com)
Dehydration3
- For severe dehydration, start IV fluids immediately. (cdc.gov)
- The primary pathophysiology associated with the condition produces severe dehydration and electrolyte disturbances. (ems1.com)
- These patients are at the highest risk since they often do not recognize the early warning signs and symptoms of severe dehydration. (ems1.com)
Death6
- The lowest possible PGCS (the sum) is 3 (deep coma or death) whilst the highest is 15 (fully awake and aware person). (wikipedia.org)
- Acute Kidney Injury Interacts With Coma, Acidosis, and Impaired Perfusion to Significantly Increase Risk of Death in Children With Severe Malaria. (bvsalud.org)
- AKI interacts with coma , acidosis , or impaired perfusion to significantly increase the risk of death in severe malaria . (bvsalud.org)
- In severe untreated cases, toxicity may result in death. (petplace.com)
- Severe cases may result in coma and even death. (drugs.com)
- Unlike these "real NDEs" associated with "real" closeness to death or coma, possible NDEs or "NDE-like" experiences have also been reported in situations where there was no genuine threat to the individuals' life. (frontiersin.org)
Consciousness3
- She is in a coma and has not regained consciousness since shortly after the accident. (advocate.com)
- she was rushed there in a coma, in critical condition and never regained consciousness. (tmz.com)
- The mechanism for coma or impaired consciousness involves dysfunction of both cerebral hemispheres or of the reticular activating system (also known as the ascending arousal system). (merckmanuals.com)
Diagnosis1
- 2 , have reported that despite early diagnosis and aggressive body cooling, EHS remains associated with severe neurological damage. (mhaus.org)
Moderate5
- In moderate and severe head injury clients with multiple traumas, there may be difficulty calculating GCS scores due to facial trauma to the eyes and mouth. (unej.ac.id)
- It's FDA-approved to treat moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms related to menopause . (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Brisdelle is currently the only nonhormonal brand-name medication approved to treat moderate to severe hot flashes during menopause. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Belonging to a family of drugs called opioids , oxycodone is a semi-synthetic drug used to treat moderate to severe pain. (psychcentral.com)
- Both of these medications can help you manage moderate to severe pain. (psychcentral.com)
Malaria2
Glucose2
- Severe hypoglycaemia is an important ad- glucose administration for resuscitation. (who.int)
- HHNS is associated with severe elevations in the blood glucose level, often exceeding 600 mg/dL, from an absolute or relative insulin deficiency or from a decreased response of the tissue to the circulating insulin (insulin resistance). (ems1.com)
Weakness1
- Muscle aches and pain ( myalgia ), stiffness , and muscle weakness can occur with rhabdomyolysis and is especially common with severe muscle damage. (medicinenet.com)
Trauma2
- As a result of severe trauma to the head, the clergyman's wife is now in a coma. (asianews.it)
- Patients unable to speak because of endotracheal intubation, orotracheal trauma, severe dysarthria from any cause, 2 = Answers neither question correctly. (medscape.com)
Disturbances1
- these disturbances are not considered coma. (merckmanuals.com)
Burns3
- Yellowstone National Park visitor Laiha Slayton is reportedly remaining in a coma after she suffered from thermal burns jumping into a geyser to save her puppy. (outsider.com)
- She has severe burns and has a long recovery ahead. (advocate.com)
- Anne sustained significant injuries in the crash, including severe burns and lung damage. (tmz.com)
Cases3
- In severe cases, low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) may cause you to pass out. (mayoclinic.org)
- In severe cases, you may need to restrict your water intake. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
- Severe cases of lead poisoning are rare in Canada. (aboutkidshealth.ca)
Patients4
- ABSTRACT A 3-year study assessed the prevalence and causes of severe treatment-related hypoglycae- mia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients admitted to hospital in Piraeus. (who.int)
- treatment-related severe hy- with patients and their close relatives after poglycaemia in a specialty diabetes centre recovery to ascertain patients' demograph- occurred in only 3 patients (0.5%), all due ic details, including education status, the to insulin treatment [ 3 ]. (who.int)
- However, recent literature has changed the name and reference from "coma" to "syndrome" since less than 10 percent of the patients truly become comatose. (ems1.com)
- In patients with severe pain the usual initial dose is 10-30 mg morphine hydrochloride at 12- hour intervals. (who.int)
Impairment1
- In resolution WHA56.7, on the Pan African tsetse and trypanosomiasis eradication campaign, the Health Assembly called attention to the severe health problems caused by human African trypanosomiasis and the significant impairment of socioeconomic development that has followed the resurgence of the disease in both human beings and livestock. (who.int)
Oxygen deprivation1
- The symptoms of a lack of oxygen to the brain, or brain hypoxia, may be mild or severe and depend on the level and duration of oxygen deprivation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Passive1
- For long-term coma, adjunctive treatment includes passive range-of-motion exercises, enteral feedings, and measures to prevent pressure ulcers. (merckmanuals.com)
Illness1
- Severe illness can be life-threatening, especially in the elderly and people who are already sick. (kidshealth.org)
Treatment2
- Without treatment, coma may result. (petplace.com)
- Severe poisoning is potentially fatal if treatment is inadequate or delayed. (cdc.gov)
Insulin1
- 7.2%) had severe hypoglycaemia: 72 were being managed with insulin, 132 oral hypoglycaemic drugs and 3 combined insulin/oral drugs. (who.int)
Bowel1
- These may be signs of a severe bowel problem. (drugs.com)
Anaemia1
- Fresh blood transfusion may be helpful in small doses for severe anaemia and to replace clotting factors. (bmj.com)
Syndrome1
- A severe and sometimes deadly problem called serotonin syndrome may happen if you take this drug with certain other drugs. (drugs.com)
Stomach1
- Severe constipation or stomach pain. (drugs.com)
Brain4
- Metabolites of ethylene glycol produce severe metabolic acidosis and damage to the brain, heart, and kidneys. (cdc.gov)
- NDE-like" experience) or after a pathological coma (i.e., "real NDE") and according to the etiology of the acute brain insult. (frontiersin.org)
- His mother did eventually wake up, but with severe brain damage. (cbc.ca)
- The second stage starts when the parasite crosses the blood-brain barrier and invades the central nervous system, causing severe neurological disorders. (who.int)
Rapid1
- This fume is a severe respiratory tract irritant due to the rapid formation of orthophosphoric acid, H 3 PO 4 , on contact with water. (cdc.gov)
Awake1
- I walk into the emergency room and my "spouse coma nightmare" begins, even though he is still awake. (braininjuryhelp.com)
Signs1
- Signs and symptoms might progress to coma. (cdc.gov)
Deadly1
- This outbreak has proven more deadly, severe, and widespread than previous outbreaks. (healthline.com)
Commonly referred1
- The condition is also commonly referred to as hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNC). (ems1.com)