Caulimovirus
Plant cell-directed control of virion sense gene expression in wheat dwarf virus. (1/230)
We have used particle bombardment (biolistics) to deliver replication-competent wheat dwarf virus (WDV)-based constructs, carrying reporter gene sequences fused to the virion sense promoter (Pv) or the CaMV 35S promoter, to suspension culture cells and immature zygotic embryos of wheat. While the replication of WDV double-stranded DNA forms (replicons) was equivalent between wheat suspension culture cells and embryos, GUS reporter gene activity was 20-40 times higher in the embryo cultures. Maximum expression of WDV replicons occurred in the embryonic axis tissue of wheat embryos but their expression in suspension cells was compromised, compared with transiently maintained input plasmid DNA containing the same sequences. From these studies, we propose that WDV replicons are subject to a host cell-controlled competency for virion sense transcription. The term competency is used to distinguish between the phenomenon described here and control of gene expression by specific transcription factors. Control of competency is independent of Pv, the replacement 35S promoter and of the complementary sense control of virion sense expression involving specific sequences in Pv. We propose that factors controlling the competency for replicon expression may be present in cells which, as well as maintaining high rates of DNA synthesis, are totipotent. Cell type control of active chromatin, methylation of specific sequences in WDV minichromosomes and/or interaction of virus-encoded proteins with specific host factors are considered as possible mechanisms. (+info)Altered patterns of gene expression in Arabidopsis elicited by cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) infection and by a CaMV gene VI transgene. (2/230)
Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) gene VI protein (P6) is an important determinant of symptom expression. Differential display polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify changes in gene expression in Arabidopsis elicited by a P6 transgene that causes a symptomatic phenotype. We used slot blot hybridization to measure the abundance of mRNAs complementary to 66 candidate PCR products in transgenic, CaMV-infected, and uninfected Arabidopsis plants. CaMV-infected and P6 transgenic plants showed broadly similar changes in abundance of mRNA species. In P6 transgenic plants we detected 18 PCR products that showed unambiguous changes in abundance plus another 15 that showed more limited changes (approximately twofold). CaMV-infected plants showed 17 unambiguous and 13 limited changes. Down-regulated species include those encoding a novel, phenol-like sulfotransferase, and a glycine-rich, RNA-binding protein. Up-regulated species included ones encoding an myb protein, glycine-rich and stress-inducible proteins, and a member of a previously unreported gene family. CaMV infection causes alterations in expression of many Arabidopsis genes. Transgene-mediated expression of P6 mimics virus infection in its effect on host gene expression, providing a potential mechanism for this process. (+info)The Arabidopsis dwarf mutant shi exhibits reduced gibberellin responses conferred by overexpression of a new putative zinc finger protein. (3/230)
shi (for short internodes), a semidominant dwarfing mutation of Arabidopsis caused by a transposon insertion, confers a phenotype typical of mutants defective in the biosynthesis of gibberellin (GA). However, the application of GA does not correct the dwarf phenotype of shi plants, suggesting that shi is defective in the perception of or in the response to GA. In agreement with this observation, the level of active GAs was elevated in shi plants, which is the result expected when feedback control of GA biosynthesis is reduced. Cloning of the SHI gene revealed that in shi, the transposon is inserted into the untranslated leader so that a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter in the transposon reads out toward the SHI open reading frame. This result, together with mRNA analysis, suggests that the phenotype of the shi mutant is a result of overexpression of the SHI open reading frame. The predicted amino acid sequence of SHI has acidic and glutamine-rich stretches and shows sequence similarity over a putative zinc finger region to three presumptive Arabidopsis proteins. This suggests that SHI may act as a negative regulator of GA responses through transcriptional control. (+info)Identification of inhibitory mutants of Cauliflower mosaic virus movement protein function after expression in insect cells. (4/230)
Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) encodes a movement protein (MP) which forms tubules in vivo and mediates the translocation of virus particles through plasmodesmata. The relationship between CaMV MP structure and function, in isolation from the complete virus infection, was studied by using MP expression in insect cells. The study allowed the MP domains necessary for tubule formation to be identified and potential MP-MP interactions to be investigated by using double infections with recombinant baculoviruses. Two MP domains which interfered with the ability of the wild-type MP to form tubules were identified. These mutant domains appeared to act as competitive, rather than dominant negative, inhibitors. (+info)A short open reading frame terminating in front of a stable hairpin is the conserved feature in pregenomic RNA leaders of plant pararetroviruses. (5/230)
In plant pararetroviruses, pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) directs synthesis of circular double-stranded viral DNA and serves as a polycistronic mRNA. By computer-aided analysis, the 14 plant pararetroviruses sequenced so far were compared with respect to structural organization of their pgRNA 5'-leader. The results revealed that the pgRNA of all these viruses carries a long leader sequence containing several short ORFs and having the potential to form a large stem-loop structure; both features are known to be inhibitory for downstream translation. Formation of the structure brings the first long ORF into the close spatial vicinity of a 5'-proximal short ORF that terminates 5 to 10 nt upstream of the stable structural element. The first long ORF on the pgRNA is translated by a ribosome shunt mechanism discovered in cauliflower mosaic (CaMV) and rice tungro bacilliform viruses, representing the two major groups of plant pararetroviruses. Both the short ORF and the structure have been implicated in the shunt process for CaMV pgRNA translation. The conservation of these elements among all plant pararetroviruses suggests conservation of the ribosome shunt mechanism. For some of the less well-studied viruses, the localization of the conserved elements also allowed predictions of the pgRNA promoter region and the translation start site of the first long ORF. (+info)A 69 bp fragment in the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase promoter of Arabidopsis thaliana activates minimal CaMV 35S promoter in a tissue-specific manner. (6/230)
The Arabidopsis thaliana gene that encodes pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (At-P5R), the last enzyme in proline biosynthesis in A. thaliana, is developmentally regulated and is highly expressed in cells that divide rapidly or undergo changes in osmotic potential. A 69 bp region (P69; -120 to -51) has previously been identified in a 5' deletion analysis of the At-P5R promoter to be necessary for the basal expression. Here, the essential role of P69 for tissue-specific expression of At-P5R is demonstrated by loss- and gain-of-function experiments. (+info)A stable hairpin preceded by a short open reading frame promotes nonlinear ribosome migration on a synthetic mRNA leader. (7/230)
The regulation of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) pregenomic 35S RNA translation occurs via nonlinear ribosome migration (ribosome shunt) and is mediated by an elongated hairpin structure in the leader. The replacement of the viral leader by a series of short, low-energy stems in either orientation supports efficient ribosomal shunting, showing that the stem per se, and not its sequence, is recognized by the translation machinery. The requirement for cis-acting sequences from the unstructured terminal regions of the viral leader was analyzed: the 5'-terminal polypyrimidine stretch and the short upstream open reading frame (uORF) A stimulate translation, whereas the 3'-flanking region seems not to be essential. Based on these results, an artificial leader was designed with a stable stem flanked by unstructured sequences derived from parts of the 5'- and 3'-proximal regions of the CaMV 35S RNA leader. This artificial leader is shunt-competent in translation assays in vivo and in vitro, indicating that a low-energy stem, broadly used as a device to successfully interfere with ribosome scanning, can efficiently support translation, if preceded by a short uORF. The synthetic 140-nt leader can functionally replace the CaMV 35S RNA 600-nt leader, thus implicating the universal role that nonlinear ribosome scanning could play in translation initiation in eukaryotes. (+info)Antisense inhibition of tomato fruit sucrose synthase decreases fruit setting and the sucrose unloading capacity of young fruit. (8/230)
The role of sucrose synthase (SuSy) in tomato fruit was studied in transgenic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants expressing an antisense fragment of fruit-specific SuSy RNA (TOMSSF) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Constitutive expression of the antisense RNA markedly inhibited SuSy activity in flowers and fruit pericarp tissues. However, inhibition was only slight in the endosperm and was undetectable in the embryo, shoot, petiole, and leaf tissues. The activity of sucrose phosphate synthase decreased in parallel with that of SuSy, but acid invertase activity did not increase in response to the reduced SuSy activity. The only effect on the carbohydrate content of young fruit was a slight reduction in starch accumulation. The in vitro sucrose import capacity of fruits was not reduced by SuSy inhibition at 23 days after anthesis, and the rate of starch synthesized from the imported sucrose was not lessened even when SuSy activity was decreased by 98%. However, the sucrose unloading capacity of 7-day-old fruit was substantially decreased in lines with low SuSy activity. In addition, the SuSy antisense fruit from the first week of flowering had a slower growth rate. A reduced fruit set, leading to markedly less fruit per plant at maturity, was observed for the plants with the least SuSy activity. These results suggest that SuSy participates in the control of sucrose import capacity of young tomato fruit, which is a determinant for fruit set and development. (+info)Difference between revisions of Caulimovirus - microbewiki
Cauliflower mosaic virus - Wikipedia
Cauliflower mosaic virus - microbewiki
Control of translation reinitiation on the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) polycistronic RNA | Biochemical Society Transactions
caulimovirus
Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the cauliflower mosaic virus ORF VI transgene has a late flowering phenotype<...
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Two auxin-responsive domains interact positively to induce expression of the early indoleacetic acid-inducible gene PS-IAA4/5. ...
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Strawberry vein banding virus
Strawberry vein banding caulimovirus: biology and characterization. PhD dissertation. University of California, Davis. pp. 124 ...
Cauliflower mosaic virus
... (CaMV) is a member of the genus Caulimovirus, one of the six genera in the family Caulimoviridae, ... "The leading sequence of caulimovirus large RNA can be folded into a large stem-loop structure". Nucleic Acids Res. 16 (17): ...
Caulimoviridae
The following genera are recognized: Badnavirus Caulimovirus Cavemovirus Dioscovirus Petuvirus Rosadnavirus Ruflodivirus ...
List of virus genera
Cardiovirus Cardoreovirus Carlavirus Carltongylesvirus Caroctavirus Carpasinavirus Casadabanvirus Catalunyavirus Caulimovirus ...
List of MeSH codes (B04)
... caulimovirus MeSH B04.715.464.150 - comovirus MeSH B04.715.464.180 - cucumovirus MeSH B04.715.464.600 - potyvirus MeSH B04.715. ...
Caulimovirus
... is a genus of viruses, in the family Caulimoviridae order Ortervirales. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are ... Viralzone: Caulimovirus ICTV (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Use dmy dates from April ... virus Mirabilis mosaic virus Soybean Putnam virus Strawberry vein banding virus Thistle mottle virus Viruses in Caulimovirus ...
Caulimovirus - Wikipedia
Caulimovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Caulimoviridae order Ortervirales. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are ... Viralzone: Caulimovirus ICTV (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Use dmy dates from April ... virus Mirabilis mosaic virus Soybean Putnam virus Strawberry vein banding virus Thistle mottle virus Viruses in Caulimovirus ...
Pages that link to "Caulimovirus" - microbewiki
The acquisition of a caulimovirus by different aphid species: comparison with a potyvirus
The acquisition and transmission of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) by six aphid species and three clones of aphids was studied and compared with that of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) with Myzus persicae. Two clones of Aphis fabae were unable to transmit CaMV, but the other species, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Brevicoryne brassicae, Megoura viciae, M. persicae and Rhopalosiphum padi transmitted in a bior multi‐phasic manner. There was no statistical evidence of a bimodal transmission pattern. R. padi is recorded as a vector of CaMV for the first time. The transmission efficiency of CaMV varied with time of acquisition and suggested that accumulation of the virus occurred with two peaks of efficiency within the anterior region of the insect gut. The time at which these two peaks occurred varied between the species, but the basic pattern was common to all transmitting aphid species in this study. This pattern contrasted with that of TuMV. The transmission data are discussed in terms of bimodal ...
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Code System Concept
Cassava vein mosaic virus (Cassava vein mosaic virus, CVMV, CsVMV) | BCH-ORGA-SCBD-101899 | Organism | Biosafety Clearing-House
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Unknown or Chloroplast Low Complexity Mixed Repeat LTR Degenerate LTR Gypsy LTR Copia DNA Transposons LINES LTR Caulimovirus ... Telomere Tandem Repeat rRNA Simple Repeat LTR Caulimovirus LINES DNA Transposons LTR Copia LTR Gypsy LTR Degenerate Mixed ... I I I I I I I I 1 50 100 150 200 250 300 351 Telomere Tandem Repeat rRNA Simple Repeat LTR Caulimovirus LINES DNA Transposons ...
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Transgenic DNA introgressed into traditional maize landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico
Diseases of Strawberry
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Altered within- and between-host transmission under coinfection underpin parasite co-occurrence patterns in the wild |...
Taxonomy Index - microbewiki
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FMV 34S promoter | BCH-GENE-SCBD-101507 | Genetic element | Biosafety Clearing-House
TREE NUMBER DESCRIPTOR
Caulimovirus B04.715.464.150 Comovirus B04.715.464.180 Cucumovirus B04.715.464.600 Potyvirus B04.715.464.600.600 Plum Pox Virus ... Caulimovirus B04.280.092.850 Tungrovirus B04.280.120 Circoviridae B04.280.120.150 Circovirus B04.280.120.400 Gyrovirus B04.280. ... Caulimovirus B04.715.102.850 Tungrovirus B04.715.110 Closteroviridae B04.715.110.150 Closterovirus B04.715.110.175 Crinivirus ...
MeSH Browser
Type species of CAULIMOVIRUS.. Terms. Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Preferred Term Term UI T053220. Date10/06/1992. LexicalTag NON. ... Caulimovirus Preferred Term Term UI T053221. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag ABX. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Caulimovirus Preferred Concept UI. M0026888. Registry Number. txid10639. Related Numbers. txid10641. Scope Note. A genus of ... Caulimovirus. Tree Number(s). B04.280.092.150. B04.715.102.150. B04.715.464.100. Unique ID. D017796. RDF Unique Identifier. ...
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Eukaryotic RNases H1 act processively by interactions through the duplex RNA-binding domain - PubMed
Cauliflower mosaic virus, a compatible pathogen of Arabidopsis, engages three distinct defense-signaling pathways and activates...
MeSH Browser
Type species of CAULIMOVIRUS.. Terms. Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Preferred Term Term UI T053220. Date10/06/1992. LexicalTag NON. ... Caulimovirus Preferred Term Term UI T053221. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag ABX. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Caulimovirus Preferred Concept UI. M0026888. Registry Number. txid10639. Related Numbers. txid10641. Scope Note. A genus of ... Caulimovirus. Tree Number(s). B04.280.092.150. B04.715.102.150. B04.715.464.100. Unique ID. D017796. RDF Unique Identifier. ...
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AGROVOC: AGROVOC: Virus
NPK15, a tobacco protein-serine/threonine kinase with a single hydrophobic region near the amino-terminus<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - NPK15, a tobacco protein-serine/threonine kinase with a single hydrophobic region near the amino-terminus. AU - Ito, Yukihiro. AU - Banno, Hiroharu. AU - Moribe, Toyoki. AU - Hinata, Kokichi. AU - Machida, Yasunori. PY - 1994/1. Y1 - 1994/1. N2 - A cDNA clone (cNPK15) was isolated from tobacco cells in suspension culture, which encodes a predicted protein kinase of 422 amino acids. The predicted NPK15 protein consists of a hydrophobic region near the amino-terminus, a linker domain and the catalytic domain of a protein-serine/threonine kinase in the carboxyl-half. NPK15 was not found to be closely related to any reported protein, but its putative catalytic domain shares some structural similarity with those of receptor-like protein kinases of plants, such as ZmPK1 from Zea mays and TMK1 from Arabidopsis, even though no receptor-like domain is found in NPK15. Recombinant NPK15 expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein was found capable of autophosphorylation and of ...
Floral patterning defects induced by Arabidopsis APETALA2 and microRNA172 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Floral patterning defects induced by Arabidopsis APETALA2 and microRNA172 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. AU - Mlotshwa, Sizolwenkosi. AU - Yang, Zhiyong. AU - Kim, Yun Ju. AU - Chen, Xuemei. N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements We are indebted to Dr Vicki Bowman Vance for support to S.M. during the revision of the manuscript. We are grateful to Drs Zora Svab and Pal Maliga for plant growth facilities; Dr Zora Svab for advice on tobacco tissue culture; Michael Petercsak for green house plant care; and Dr Hailing Jin for N. benthamiana cDNAs. We thank Drs Hailing Jin, Li Zhao, Bin Yu and Julien Curaba for helpful discussions, and Drs Vicki Bowman Vance and Beth Krizek for critical reading of the manuscript. S.M. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Waksman Institute at Rutgers University. The research was supported by a NIH grant (GM61146) to X.C.. PY - 2006/7. Y1 - 2006/7. N2 - Floral patterning and morphogenesis are controlled by many transcription ...
Difference between revisions of "Taxonomy Index" - microbewiki
ARF2
EFSA Discovers Hidden Virus Gene VI in GMO Crops
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Element:BRRV - GyDB org
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TERM
Nepovirus1
- Here, by analyzing plants infected with viruses that are quite distinct from the nepovirus or caulimovirus groups, we demonstrate that this RNA-mediated defense is a general response to virus infection. (researchgate.net)
Twitter1
- As observed by @Caulimovirus on Twitter, the site recently uploaded an 80-year-old negative review of the film, bumping it down to a 99 percent score, with 115 positive notices, and 1 pan. (mykiss1031.com)
Type1
- Type species of CAULIMOVIRUS . (nih.gov)