The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)
Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.
A condition characterized by abnormal posturing of the limbs that is associated with injury to the brainstem. This may occur as a clinical manifestation or induced experimentally in animals. The extensor reflexes are exaggerated leading to rigid extension of the limbs accompanied by hyperreflexia and opisthotonus. This condition is usually caused by lesions which occur in the region of the brainstem that lies between the red nuclei and the vestibular nuclei. In contrast, decorticate rigidity is characterized by flexion of the elbows and wrists with extension of the legs and feet. The causative lesion for this condition is located above the red nuclei and usually consists of diffuse cerebral damage. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p358)
A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus feline lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, FELINE) isolated from cats with a chronic wasting syndrome, presumed to be immune deficiency. There are 3 strains: Petaluma (FIP-P), Oma (FIP-O) and Puma lentivirus (PLV). There is no antigenic relationship between FIV and HIV, nor does FIV grow in human T-cells.
An enzyme that catalyzes the acetylation of chloramphenicol to yield chloramphenicol 3-acetate. Since chloramphenicol 3-acetate does not bind to bacterial ribosomes and is not an inhibitor of peptidyltransferase, the enzyme is responsible for the naturally occurring chloramphenicol resistance in bacteria. The enzyme, for which variants are known, is found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. EC 2.3.1.28.
A species of gram-negative bacteria that is the etiologic agent of bacillary angiomatosis (ANGIOMATOSIS, BACILLARY). This organism can also be a cause of CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE in immunocompetent patients.
The cat family in the order CARNIVORA comprised of muscular, deep-chested terrestrial carnivores with a highly predatory lifestyle.
A species of GAMMARETROVIRUS causing leukemia, lymphosarcoma, immune deficiency, or other degenerative diseases in cats. Several cellular oncogenes confer on FeLV the ability to induce sarcomas (see also SARCOMA VIRUSES, FELINE).
A self-limiting bacterial infection of the regional lymph nodes caused by AFIPIA felis, a gram-negative bacterium recently identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by BARTONELLA HENSELAE. It usually arises one or more weeks following a feline scratch, with raised inflammatory nodules at the site of the scratch being the primary symptom.
Blood-sucking acarid parasites of the order Ixodida comprising two families: the softbacked ticks (ARGASIDAE) and hardbacked ticks (IXODIDAE). Ticks are larger than their relatives, the MITES. They penetrate the skin of their host by means of highly specialized, hooked mouth parts and feed on its blood. Ticks attack all groups of terrestrial vertebrates. In humans they are responsible for many TICK-BORNE DISEASES, including the transmission of ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TULAREMIA; BABESIOSIS; AFRICAN SWINE FEVER; and RELAPSING FEVER. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp543-44)
Parasitic attack by members of the order SIPHONAPTERA.
An order of parasitic, blood-sucking, wingless INSECTS with the common name of fleas.
Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks.
The geographic area of Latin America in general and when the specific country or countries are not indicated. It usually includes Central America, South America, Mexico, and the islands of the Caribbean.

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) clotting activity in human plasma in health and disease in various animal plasmas. (1/12744)

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) is an agent in normal human plasma that corrects the impaired in vitro surface-mediated plasma reactions of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and kinin generation observed in Fitzgerald trait plasma. To assess the possible pathophysiologic role of Fitzgerald factor, its titer was measured by a functional clot-promoting assay. Mean +/- SD in 42 normal adults was 0.99+/-0.25 units/ml, one unit being the activity in 1 ml of normal pooled plasma. No difference in titer was noted between normal men and women, during pregnancy, or after physical exercise. Fitzgerald factor activity was significantly reduced in the plasmas of eight patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis (0.40+/-0.09 units/ml) and of ten patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (0.60+/-0.30 units/ml), but was normal in plasmas of patients with other congenital clotting factor deficiencies, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or sarcoidosis, or under treatment with warfarin. The plasmas of 21 mammalian species tested appeared to contain Fitzgerald factor activity, but those of two avian, two repitilian, and one amphibian species did not correct the coagulant defect in Fitzgerald trait plasmas.  (+info)

Inhibitory innervation of cat sphincter of Oddi. (2/12744)

1 Electrical stimulation with trains of 0.1-0.2 ms pulses of the cat isolated sphincter of Oddi inhibited the spontaneous contractile activity and lowered base-line tension considerably. A contraction usually followed the period of stimulation. 2 These inhibitory effects were prevented by tetrodotoxin 0.1-0.5 mug/ml but were not reduced by hexamethonilm, morphine, or blockade of alpha- or beta-adrenoreceptors of cholinoceptors with phenoxy-benzamine propranolol or atropine, respectively. 3 Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP) inhibited the spontaneous sphincter activity and caused relaxation thus mimicking the effects of the C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (C8-CCK), isoprenaline and prostaglandin E1 and E2. 4 ATP alone (greater than 100 mug/ml) or ATP (greater than 10 mug/ml) plus dipyridamole (1 mug/ml), relaxed the sphincter to the same degrees as did the field stimulation. 5 In sphincter maximally contracted by acetylcholine, the effect of stimulation was more marked than that recorded in uncontracted preparations. 6 The present findings suggest that the sphincter of Oddi receives inhibitory nerves that are neither cholinergic nor adrenergic.  (+info)

Site of myocardial infarction. A determinant of the cardiovascular changes induced in the cat by coronary occlusion. (3/12744)

The influence of site of acute myocardial infarction on heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance (TPR), cardiac rhythm, and mortality was determined in 58 anesthetized cats by occlusion of either the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex or right coronary artery. LAD occlusion resulted in immediate decrease in cardiac output, heart rate, and blood pressure, an increase in TPR, and cardiac rhythm changes including premature ventricular beats, ventricular tachycardia, and occasionally ventricular fibrillation. The decrease in cardiac output and increase in TPR persisted in the cats surviving a ventricular arrhythmia. In contrast, right coronary occlusion resulted in a considerably smaller decrease in cardiac output. TPR did not increase, atrioventricular condition disturbances were common, and sinus bradycardia and hypotension persisted in the cats recovering from an arrhythmia. Left circumflex ligation resulted in cardiovascular changes intermediate between those produced by occlusion of the LAD or the right coronary artery. Mortality was similar in each of the three groups. We studied the coronary artery anatomy in 12 cats. In 10, the blood supply to the sinus node was from the right coronary artery and in 2, from the left circumflex coronary artery. The atrioventricular node artery arose from the right in 9 cats, and from the left circumflex in 3. The right coronary artery was dominant in 9 cats and the left in 3. In conclusion, the site of experimental coronary occlusion in cats is a major determinant of the hemodynamic and cardiac rhythm changes occurring after acute myocardial infarction. The cardiovascular responses evoked by ligation are related in part to the anatomical distribution of the occluded artery.  (+info)

Trans-synaptically induced bursts in regular spiking non-pyramidal cells in deep layers of the cat motor cortex. (4/12744)

In deep layers of the cat motor cortex, we have investigated the properties of neurons displaying trans-synaptically induced bursts. In in vivo experiments, extracellularly recorded burst neurons were separated into two subtypes based on their dependence on stimulation sites, the medullary pyramid or the ventrolateral (VL) thalamic nucleus, from which bursts of 10-20 spikes were triggered. The spike amplitude attenuation and frequency adaptation during a burst were more prominent in pyramid-dependent burst neurons than in VL-dependent burst neurons. Intracellular recordings in in vivo experiments revealed that pyramid-dependent bursts emerged from a long-lasting depolarization, while each spike during a VL-dependent burst was narrow in half-width and was followed by a fast AHP, similar to fast spiking neurons. In in vitro slice experiments, intracellular recordings were obtained from neurons that displayed a burst of attenuated spikes emerging from a long-lasting depolarization, and were also obtained from fast spiking neurons. They were morphologically recovered to be multipolar cells with sparsely spiny dendrites and local axonal networks, suggesting that they are inhibitory interneurons. The multipolar neurons displaying bursts of attenuated spikes may mediate the recurrent inhibition of pyramidal tract cells.  (+info)

Sodium requirement of adult cats for maintenance based on plasma aldosterone concentration. (5/12744)

The sodium requirement of adult cats for maintenance was determined using a randomized block design of eight dietary sodium treatments (0.1, 0.4, 0.5, 0.66, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 or 2.0 g Na/kg in a casein-lactalbumin-based purified diet) administered for periods of 4 wk. A total of 35 adult specific-pathogen-free domestic shorthaired cats (26 males and 9 females, 1.5-3 y of age) was given an equilibration diet (2 g Na/kg) for 14 d before assignment (or reassignment) to the treatments. A total of 12 cats (8 males, 4 females) was randomly assigned to the lowest six levels of sodium, and four cats to the highest two sodium levels. Cats consuming the diet containing 0.1 g Na/kg had significantly elevated aldosterone concentration in plasma, and packed cell volume. In addition, these cats exhibited anorexia, body weight loss, reduced urinary specific gravity and sodium excretion, and had a negative sodium balance. However, adult cats did not develop polydypsia and polyuria reported in sodium-deficient kittens. Cats given the diet containing 0.66 g Na/kg did not have an increased packed cell volume, but aldosterone concentration in the plasma was significantly elevated. However, cats given diets containing >/=0.8 g Na/kg had plasma aldosterone concentrations +info)

Serotypes and virulence factors of Escherichia coli strains isolated from dogs and cats. (6/12744)

E. coli strains isolated from urine of dogs and cats with urinary tract infections (UTI) and from feces of healthy one's were serotyped, and the serotypes were correlated with uropathogenic virulence factors. The most prevalent O-serotypes, O4 and O6, were isolated from dogs and cats with UTI. In contrast, O11 and O102 strains were the most frequently found from feces of healthy dogs and cats. Most of type O4 and O6 strains possessed such virulence factors as pil, pap, sfa, hly, and cnf1, while most type O11 and O102 strains pil only or pil and aer. All strains of type O75 possessed afaI and aer. K1 antigen was negative in all strains obtained from UTI.  (+info)

The prevalence of Balantidium coli infection in fifty-six mammalian species. (7/12744)

A total of 375 fecal samples of 56 mammalian species belonging to 17 families of 4 orders were examined for the detection of Balantidium coli from December 1994 to August 1995. As a result, B. coli was found from 6 species belonging to 4 families of 2 orders (Primates and Artiodactyla) of host animals examined. White-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar), squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciurea) and Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) were new hosts for B. coli. All the wild boar (Sus scrofa) and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) examined were positive. The highest number of B. coli was obtained from a chimpanzee (1,230/g feces). No B. coli was detected from the animals of orders Rodentia and Carnivora including dogs and cats. The rarity of B. coli infection in breeding animals in Japan. suggests that there is no serious problem in controlling infections.  (+info)

The cat lung strip as an in vitro preparation of peripheral airways: a comparison of beta-adrenoceptor agonists, autacoids and anaphylactic challenge on the lung strip and trachea. (8/12744)

1 A new in vitro preparation, the isolated lung strip of the cat, is described for investigating the direct effect of drugs on the smooth muscle of the peripheral airways of the lung. The preparation comprises a thin strip of lung parenchyma which can be mounted in a conventional organ bath for isometric tension recording. Its pharmacological responses have been characterized and compared with the isolated tracheal preparation of the cat. 2 The lung strip exhibited an intrinsic tone which was relaxed by catecholamines, aminophylline and flufenamate. It was contracted strongly by histamine, prostaglandin F2alpha, acetylcholine, compound 48/80, potassium depolarizing solution and alternating current field stimulation. In contrast, the cat trachea was unresponsive to histamine and prostaglandin F2alpha and did not exhibit an intrinsic tone. 3 (-)-Isoprenaline and (-)-adrenaline were much more potent in relaxing the lung strip than the trachea. The potency order of relaxation responses to isoprenaline, adrenaline and (+/-)-noradrenaline in the lung strip was isoprenaline greater than adrenaline greater than noradrenaline but in the trachea was isoprenaline greater than noradrenaline greater than or equal to adrenaline. 4 beta2-Adrenoceptor selective agonists salbutamol and terbutaline were more potent in the lung strip than the trachea, suggesting beta2-adrenoceptors predominated in the lung strip. Propranolol was equipotent in inhibiting isoprenaline relexations of the lung strip and trachea, whereas practolol was much less effective in inhibiting lung strip than trachea, further supporting a predominance of beta2-adrenoceptors in lung strip and beta1-adrenoceptors in trachea. 5 Strong Schultz-Dale type contractions were elicited in both lung strips and trachea by Ascaris lumbricoides antigen in actively sensitized cats. The initial phase of the contractile response of the lung strip following challenge was shown to be due to histamine release and was absent in the trachea. The delayed phase of the contraction which took several minutes to develop in both the mepyramine-treated lung strip and trachea was not due to prostaglandins E1, F2alpha or bradykinin, the probable mediator being slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). 6 It is concluded that the isolated lung strip of the cat is useful as an in vitro model for investigating the effect of drugs on the smooth muscle of the peripheral airways of the lungs.  (+info)

"Cat" is a common name that refers to various species of small carnivorous mammals that belong to the family Felidae. The domestic cat, also known as Felis catus or Felis silvestris catus, is a popular pet and companion animal. It is a subspecies of the wildcat, which is found in Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Domestic cats are often kept as pets because of their companionship, playful behavior, and ability to hunt vermin. They are also valued for their ability to provide emotional support and therapy to people. Cats are obligate carnivores, which means that they require a diet that consists mainly of meat to meet their nutritional needs.

Cats are known for their agility, sharp senses, and predatory instincts. They have retractable claws, which they use for hunting and self-defense. Cats also have a keen sense of smell, hearing, and vision, which allow them to detect prey and navigate their environment.

In medical terms, cats can be hosts to various parasites and diseases that can affect humans and other animals. Some common feline diseases include rabies, feline leukemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and toxoplasmosis. It is important for cat owners to keep their pets healthy and up-to-date on vaccinations and preventative treatments to protect both the cats and their human companions.

There are many diseases that can affect cats, and the specific medical definitions for these conditions can be quite detailed and complex. However, here are some common categories of feline diseases and examples of each:

1. Infectious diseases: These are caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites. Examples include:
* Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), also known as feline parvovirus, which can cause severe gastrointestinal symptoms and death in kittens.
* Feline calicivirus (FCV), which can cause upper respiratory symptoms such as sneezing and nasal discharge.
* Feline leukemia virus (FeLV), which can suppress the immune system and lead to a variety of secondary infections and diseases.
* Bacterial infections, such as those caused by Pasteurella multocida or Bartonella henselae, which can cause abscesses or other symptoms.
2. Neoplastic diseases: These are cancerous conditions that can affect various organs and tissues in cats. Examples include:
* Lymphoma, which is a common type of cancer in cats that can affect the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and other organs.
* Fibrosarcoma, which is a type of soft tissue cancer that can arise from fibrous connective tissue.
* Squamous cell carcinoma, which is a type of skin cancer that can be caused by exposure to sunlight or tobacco smoke.
3. Degenerative diseases: These are conditions that result from the normal wear and tear of aging or other factors. Examples include:
* Osteoarthritis, which is a degenerative joint disease that can cause pain and stiffness in older cats.
* Dental disease, which is a common condition in cats that can lead to tooth loss, gum inflammation, and other problems.
* Heart disease, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which is a thickening of the heart muscle that can lead to congestive heart failure.
4. Hereditary diseases: These are conditions that are inherited from a cat's parents and are present at birth or develop early in life. Examples include:
* Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which is a genetic disorder that causes cysts to form in the kidneys and can lead to kidney failure.
* Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which can be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in some cats.
* Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), which is a group of genetic disorders that cause degeneration of the retina and can lead to blindness.

A decerebrate state is a medical condition that results from severe damage to the brainstem, specifically to the midbrain and above. This type of injury can cause motor responses characterized by rigid extension of the arms and legs, with the arms rotated outward and the wrists and fingers extended. The legs are also extended and the toes pointed downward. These postures are often referred to as "decerebrate rigidity" or "posturing."

The decerebrate state is typically seen in patients who have experienced severe trauma, such as a car accident or gunshot wound, or who have suffered from a large stroke or other type of brain hemorrhage. It can also occur in some cases of severe hypoxia (lack of oxygen) to the brain, such as during cardiac arrest or drowning.

The decerebrate state is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. If left untreated, it can lead to further brain damage and even death. Treatment typically involves providing supportive care, such as mechanical ventilation to help with breathing, medications to control blood pressure and prevent seizures, and surgery to repair any underlying injuries or bleeding. In some cases, patients may require long-term rehabilitation to regain lost function and improve their quality of life.

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is a lentivirus that primarily affects felines, including domestic cats and wild cats. It is the feline equivalent of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The virus attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4+ T-cells, leading to a decline in the immune function over time.

This makes the infected cat more susceptible to various secondary infections and diseases. It is usually transmitted through bite wounds from infected cats during fighting or mating. Mother to offspring transmission can also occur, either in utero, during birth, or through nursing.

There is no cure for FIV, but antiretroviral therapy can help manage the disease and improve the quality of life for infected cats. It's important to note that while FIV-positive cats can live normal lives for many years, they should be kept indoors to prevent transmission to other cats and to protect them from opportunistic infections.

Chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that is encoded by the cat gene in certain bacteria. This enzyme is responsible for adding acetyl groups to chloramphenicol, which is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. When chloramphenicol is acetylated by this enzyme, it becomes inactivated and can no longer bind to the ribosome and prevent bacterial protein synthesis.

Bacteria that are resistant to chloramphenicol often have a plasmid-borne cat gene, which encodes for the production of Chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase. This enzyme allows the bacteria to survive in the presence of chloramphenicol by rendering it ineffective. The transfer of this plasmid between bacteria can also confer resistance to other susceptible strains.

In summary, Chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that inactivates chloramphenicol by adding acetyl groups to it, making it an essential factor in bacterial resistance to this antibiotic.

'Bartonella henselae' is a gram-negative bacterium that is the primary cause of cat scratch disease (CSD) in humans. The bacteria are transmitted through the scratch or bite of an infected cat, or more rarely, through contact with cat saliva on a wound or mucous membrane.

Infected individuals may experience mild to severe symptoms, including fever, headache, fatigue, and lymph node swelling near the site of infection. In some cases, the bacteria can spread to other parts of the body, causing more serious complications such as endocarditis (inflammation of the inner lining of the heart), encephalopathy (brain damage), or neurological symptoms.

Diagnosis of Bartonella henselae infection typically involves a combination of clinical symptoms, serological testing, and sometimes molecular methods such as PCR. Treatment usually consists of antibiotics, with doxycycline being the first-line therapy for adults and macrolides for children. In severe cases, intravenous antibiotics may be necessary.

Preventive measures include avoiding contact with cats' claws and saliva, particularly if you have a weakened immune system, and practicing good hygiene after handling cats or their litter boxes.

Felidae is the biological family that includes all extant (living) members of the cat group, also known as felids. This family consists of big cats such as lions, tigers, and leopards, as well as small cats like domestic cats, cheetahs, and pumas. Felidae is part of the order Carnivora and is characterized by specialized adaptations for hunting and stalking prey, including retractile claws, sharp teeth, and flexible bodies. The family has a worldwide distribution, with species found in various habitats across all continents except Antarctica.

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that primarily infects cats, causing a variety of diseases and disorders. It is the causative agent of feline leukemia, a name given to a syndrome characterized by a variety of symptoms such as lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system), anemia, immunosuppression, and reproductive disorders. FeLV is typically transmitted through close contact with infected cats, such as through saliva, nasal secretions, urine, and milk. It can also be spread through shared litter boxes and feeding dishes.

FeLV infects cells of the immune system, leading to a weakened immune response and making the cat more susceptible to other infections. The virus can also integrate its genetic material into the host's DNA, potentially causing cancerous changes in infected cells. FeLV is a significant health concern for cats, particularly those that are exposed to outdoor environments or come into contact with other cats. Vaccination and regular veterinary care can help protect cats from this virus.

Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a bacterial infection caused by Bartonella henselae. It is typically transmitted through contact with a cat, especially when the animal scratches or bites a person and then introduces the bacteria into the wound. The incubation period for CSD is usually 7-14 days after exposure.

The most common symptoms of CSD include:

* A small, raised bump (called a papule) that develops at the site of the scratch or bite within a few days of being scratched or bitten by a cat. This bump may be tender and can sometimes form a crust or pustule.
* Swollen lymph nodes (also called lymphadenopathy) near the site of the infection, which usually develop 1-2 weeks after the initial scratch or bite. These swollen lymph nodes are often painful and may be warm to the touch.
* Fatigue, fever, headache, and muscle aches are also common symptoms of CSD.

In most cases, cat-scratch disease is a mild illness that resolves on its own within a few weeks or months. However, in some cases, it can cause more severe complications, such as infection of the heart valves (endocarditis), inflammation of the brain (encephalitis), or damage to the eyes (retinitis).

Treatment for cat-scratch disease typically involves supportive care, such as pain relief and anti-inflammatory medications. Antibiotics may be prescribed in some cases, particularly if the infection is severe or if the patient has a weakened immune system. Preventive measures include washing hands after handling cats, avoiding rough play with cats, and promptly treating cat bites and scratches.

A medical definition of "ticks" would be:

Ticks are small, blood-sucking parasites that belong to the arachnid family, which also includes spiders. They have eight legs and can vary in size from as small as a pinhead to about the size of a marble when fully engorged with blood. Ticks attach themselves to the skin of their hosts (which can include humans, dogs, cats, and wild animals) by inserting their mouthparts into the host's flesh.

Ticks can transmit a variety of diseases, including Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and babesiosis. It is important to remove ticks promptly and properly to reduce the risk of infection. To remove a tick, use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick as close to the skin's surface as possible and pull upward with steady, even pressure. Do not twist or jerk the tick, as this can cause the mouthparts to break off and remain in the skin. After removing the tick, clean the area with soap and water and disinfect the tweezers.

Preventing tick bites is an important part of protecting against tick-borne diseases. This can be done by wearing protective clothing (such as long sleeves and pants), using insect repellent containing DEET or permethrin, avoiding wooded and brushy areas with high grass, and checking for ticks after being outdoors.

A flea infestation refers to an unwanted invasion and multiplication of fleas (small, wingless insects that jump) in living spaces or on a host organism, usually a mammal or bird. These parasites feed on the blood of their hosts, causing itching, discomfort, and sometimes transmitting diseases.

Flea infestations are particularly common in domestic animals such as dogs and cats, but they can also affect humans. The most prevalent flea species is the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis), although dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis) and human fleas (Pulex irritans) can also cause infestations.

Signs of a flea infestation include:

1. Seeing live fleas on the host or in their living environment.
2. Finding flea dirt, which looks like small black specks and is actually flea feces, on the host or their bedding.
3. Excessive scratching, biting, or licking by the host, leading to skin irritation, redness, and hair loss.
4. Presence of flea eggs, which are tiny and white, in the host's fur or living spaces.
5. Development of secondary skin infections due to constant scratching and biting.

Preventing and controlling flea infestations involves regular vacuuming, washing pet bedding, using topical or oral preventatives for pets, and sometimes employing professional pest control services.

Siphonaptera is the scientific order that includes fleas. Fleas are small, wingless insects with laterally compressed bodies and strong legs adapted for jumping. They are external parasites, living by hematophagy off the blood of mammals and birds. Fleas can be a nuisance to their hosts, and some people and animals have allergic reactions to flea saliva. Fleas can also transmit diseases, such as bubonic plague and murine typhus, and parasites like tapeworms.

A "tick infestation" is not a formal medical term, but it generally refers to a situation where an individual has a large number of ticks (Ixodida: Acarina) on their body or in their living environment. Ticks are external parasites that feed on the blood of mammals, birds, and reptiles.

An infestation can occur in various settings, including homes, gardens, parks, and forests. People who spend time in these areas, especially those with pets or who engage in outdoor activities like camping, hiking, or hunting, are at a higher risk of tick encounters.

Tick infestations can lead to several health concerns, as ticks can transmit various diseases, such as Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and babesiosis, among others. It is essential to take preventive measures to avoid tick bites and promptly remove any attached ticks to reduce the risk of infection.

If you suspect a tick infestation in your living environment or on your body, consult a healthcare professional or a pest control expert for proper assessment and guidance on how to proceed.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Latin America" is not a medical term. It is a geographical and cultural region that includes parts of North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean where Romance languages (Spanish, Portuguese, and French) are predominantly spoken. The term does not have a specific medical relevance or definition.

"Jellicle cats" of "dear little cats". In contrast with their original poem, the Jellicles in Cats possess many kinds of coat- ... are a fictional type of feline from T. S. Eliot's 1939 light poetry book Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats. Jellicle cats ... A total of 54 cat names are given in Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats, most of which Eliot derived from British culture, ... The large cast of diverse cats is an important part of the worldbuilding of Cats. Many of these characters originated from ...
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... (女猫, Meneko) is a 1983 Japanese film in Nikkatsu's Roman porno series, directed by Shingo Yamashiro and starring Ai ... It is currently scheduled to be released in the USA on DVD May 7, 2013, under the title 'She Cat'. "MENEKO". Complete Index to ... However they fault the film's unimaginative script and its "lurid plot". Female Cats was released theatrically in Japan on ... Movie star Female Cats director Shingo Yamashiro was best known as an actor, having debuted in 1957. He appeared in the Battles ...
They advertised for cats. Soon the castle was full of cats. The is how Kilkenny got the name "Kilkenny Cats". From Edward Quinn ... The Cat Laughs comedy festival has been held in Kilkenny annually since 1995. The "Laughing Cat" logo of a cat hanging from a ... a cat, and an Aethiopian. This cat has occasionally been linked to the Kilkenny cats story. In 1857, John Thomas Gilbert made ... "The Kilkenny Cats" (Laurence Winfield Scott, 1880); "The Cats av Kilkenny" (Charles Anthony Doyle, 1911). The Cat of Kilkenny; ...
"Foul Cats" (Radio Edit) "Foul Cats" (Instrumental) B-side "Foul Cats" (Album Version) "Foul Cats" (Acapella) Foul Cats at Who ... "Foul Cats" is the first single from American hip hop artist Kool G Rap's 1998 album Roots of Evil. The song tells the story of ... "Foul Cats" samples the following songs: "Poor Abbey Walsh" by Marvin Gaye A-side " ... Sampled "Foul Cats" at Discogs (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ...
The Crazy Cats (クレージーキャッツ, Kurējī kyattsu, also known as Hajime Hana and the Crazy Cats) were a Japanese jazz band and comedy ... The band was originally formed in 1955 at the end of the first jazz boom in Japan under the name The Cuban Cats. Signed to ... In terms of their music, E. Taylor Atkins has said that "The Crazy Cats are significant for capitalizing and purveying an image ... Their audience rewarded the Cats with the longevity of which very few Japanese acts could boast." Mark Anderson has written ...
"Festival de Cannes: Cats' Play". festival-cannes.com. Retrieved 2009-04-26. Cats' Play at IMDb v t e (Articles with short ... Cats' Play (Hungarian: Macskajáték) is a 1972 Hungarian drama film directed by Károly Makk. It was nominated for the Academy ...
... was born in Enskede in Stockholm, Sweden. At the time of her disappearance, Falck was employed as a reporter for the ... Maureen Cathryn Harriet "Cats" Falck (11 July 1953 - date of death uncertain, between November 1984 and May 1985) was a Swedish ... Andersson, Bo G (1997-06-05). "Cats Falckfallet tas upp igen efter tolv år". Dagens Nyheter (in Swedish). Retrieved 2008-01-20 ... "Utredningen om mordet på Cats Falk läggs ner". Tvärsnytt (in Swedish). Sveriges Television. 2006-04-09. Archived from the ...
Cat communication § Kneading Purr Why Do Cats Knead?, www.petmd.com R. Fisher, Bruce (11 September 2017). "Why Do Cats Knead? ... A cat may appear irritated or surprised if it is disturbed while kneading. In a garden where cats are to be found, sheltered ... Cats knead soft objects such as teddy bears. Cats may adopt a blanket and use it like a security blanket. This will include ... Many theories exist that explain why cats knead. Kneading may have an origin going back to cats' wild ancestors who had to ...
... is a 1992 Canadian comedy film, directed by Sandy Wilson. Harmony Cats is about a violinist named Graham ... Harmony Cats at IMDb v t e v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, 1992 films, ...
... ". The Hollywood Reporter. 20 January 2011. Old Cats at IMDb v t e (All articles with dead external links, Articles ... Old Cats (Spanish: Gatos viejos) is a 2010 Chilean drama film directed by Sebastián Silva. Isidora (Bélgica Castro) and Enrique ...
Cats on the other hand features four Jellicle-defining songs: "Jellicle Songs for Jellicle Cats", "The Naming of Cats", "The ... "Cats: Electra". StageAgent.com. Retrieved 1 July 2019. "Cats: Etcetera". StageAgent.com. Retrieved 1 July 2019. "Rumpus Cat". ... 대구 Musical CATS Musical CATS (2012/04/06 ~ 2012/04/08)" (in Korean). 플레이 DB. Retrieved 19 April 2019. "캣츠 - 제주 Musical CATS ( ... Cats was adapted into a direct-to-video film in 1998 and a feature film in 2019. Cats is based on T. S. Eliot's 1939 poetry ...
... and Jingle Dogs were released as albums and videos. A 1998 video game of Jingle Cats was released in Japan. The ... In 2008, Jingle Cats Christmas was released on DVD with songs from the Jingle Cats and the Jingle Dogs. A mail order catalog ... Jingle Dogs received a VHS release in 1996 alongside a Jingle Cats VHS. The Jingle Cats album Rhythm and Mews was released in ... Agnello, Anthony John (April 6, 2016). "Jingle Cats can be as surreal as actually living with a cat". AV Club. Retrieved ...
CATS software tools generate photomask layers from input design layers and allow users to inspect the input and output data and ... CATS (Computer Aided Transcription System) is an EDA software for mask data preparation (MDP) in integrated circuit design and ... CATS receives tape out data output from the integrated circuit physical design step, most commonly in GDSII format, processes ...
... Revised Edition. Vol. 1. pp. 458-459. Gunsmith Cats Bulletproof - Making of Gunsmith Cats. ADV Films. Event ... Gunsmith Cats Bulletproof -Making of Gunsmith Cats. ADV Films. Event occurs at 4 Minutes. Lewis, Dana (1997-01-11). "AT CLOSE ... "Gunsmith Cats #1". Dark Horse. Retrieved May 11, 2014. "Gunsmith Cats: Mister V #11 (of 11)". Dark Horse. Retrieved May 11, ... "Gunsmith Cats Volume 1: Bonnie and Clyde". Dark Horse. Retrieved May 11, 2014. "Gunsmith Cats Volume 9: Misty's Run". Dark ...
... "Main.htm", VG Cats "April Fool's Alert #8: VG Cats gets a makeover ... Metal GEAR?!". Joystiq. Sources: "VG Cats' ... "VG Cats tackle the next-generation of consoles". Joystiq. "#02: Pika?", VG Cats "#97: Behind the Scenes, Part 1", VG Cats ... ". "Main Page", VG Cats "VG Cats Items", Hyperion Press "VG Cats" ZeStuff, January 8, 2007 VG Cats: T-Shirts, Prints, Buttons ... VG Cats "All About the Site" Archived October 17, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, VG Cats "Internet provides new way to get daily ...
In live performances of the song, the group was noted for wearing colorful and daring "cat" costumes. A. "City Cats" - 3:02 B ... Lyrically, the song symbolizes the three singers as "cats", and tells the story of their search for Tom Cat. ... "City Cats" is a 1979 single by the European disco group Arabesque. It is Sandra's first single with Arabesque, following her ... City Cats is considered a debut song for the group, as Sandra, Jasmin and Michaela officially became the three permanent ...
The Southern Cats were able to garner most of their players from the recently defunct Sandy Bay team and also were able to draw ... The Cats home match on 29 May, which ultimately was to be the club's final match, saw just 447 people attend to see Southern ... The Southern Cats were formed under the guise of Project 2000, a brainchild of key football people from the Sandy Bay, Channel ... Despite the general feeling of optimism at the on-field performance of the Southern Cats during their first season, their off- ...
... album review Hip Hop Infinity - Typical Cats album review (archived) Rap Reviews - Typical Cats album review Big ... interview Archived 2017-02-13 at the Wayback Machine Typical Cats at Galapagos4.com Typical Cats on Facebook Typical Cats on ... Typical Cats is an American underground hip hop group from Chicago, Illinois. The group consists of MCs Denizen Kane, Qwazaar ... Their song "Any Day" from their self-titled debut was featured in the video game Tony Hawk's Project 8. Albums Typical Cats ( ...
"The Cats". Top 40. "The Cats". Dutchcharts.nl. "The Cats". Ultratop.be. "The Cats". Offizielle Deutsche Charts. "The Cats". ... "The Cats". Austrian Charts. "The Cats > Adult Contemporary". Billboard. Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Cats. The ... "The Cats benoemd tot Ridder Orde van Oranje Nassau". Algemeen Dagblad (in Dutch). ANP. Retrieved 2010-03-13. ""Cat" Cees ... In 1978 The Cats were booked to appear on chart-show to playback "She Was Too Young". It was, however, a thinly-disguised solo- ...
... is the tenth album by American singer Harry Nilsson, released by RCA Records in 1974. It was produced by John Lennon ... Pussy Cats at The Harry Nilsson Website (Use mdy dates from May 2020, Articles with short description, Short description is ... Among the many musicians on Pussy Cats are drummers Ringo Starr, Keith Moon and Jim Keltner, who all play together on the ... In June 1999, a commemorative 25th-anniversary edition of Pussy Cats was released. In October 2006, a track-by-track cover of ...
32°25′41.2″S 28°26′06.8″E / 32.428111°S 28.435222°E / -32.428111; 28.435222 Cats Pass, is situated in the Eastern Cape, ...
The Columbus Cats AFC are an Australian Rules football team based in the city of Columbus, Ohio. The team is a part of the ... The Cats compete in the United States Australian Football League and were Division Two national champions in 2013 and Division ...
Cats held this office for 15 years, but without putting his stamp on it. Cats turned out to be a rather colorless statesman. ... Jacob Cats was born on 10 November 1577 in Brouwershaven as son of Adriaen Cornelisz. Cats and Leenken Jacob Jansdr. Breyde. ... He is still spoken of as "Father Cats" by his countrymen. Cats was contemporary with Hooft and Vondel and other distinguished ... from Jacob Cats (1860); and P. C. Witsen Geijsbeek, Het Leven en de Verdiensten van Jacob Cats (1829). Southey has a very ...
The Sun Cats are a Swedish rock & roll band founded in 1979 in response to the death of Elvis. Originally they played 1950s ... Their sound is comparable to contemporary American cowpunk and rockabilly bands The Blasters and the Stray Cats. Chris Dahlback ... Sun Cats http://suncats.eu/index.php/1278036] [Sun Cats http://suncats.eu/index.php/1278036] v t e v t e (Articles with topics ...
Official website African Cats at IMDb African Cats at the TCM Movie Database African Cats at AllMovie (All articles with dead ... African Cats (known as Felines in France) is a 2011 nature documentary film about a pride of lions and a family of cheetahs ... "African Cats". British Board of Film Classification. 2012-03-26. Retrieved 2012-03-27. "African Cats Movie Reviews". Rotten ... Grabert, Jessica (15 June 2011). "Disney Shows It's Feline Side With African Cats On DVD And Blu-Ray In October". Cinema Blend ...
2023 Top Cats. 2022 Top Cats. 2020 Top Cats. Previous Seasons. E-Points (current standings). Show Titles and Awards. (grands/ ... 17decAll DayStraight And Curl Cat ClubYork, PA(All Day: sunday) Event Type :Cat ShowLocation:Region 1 (North Atlantic) ... 09decAll Day10Ohio State Persian Club/Just Cat-In Around CFColumbus, Ohio(All Day) Event Type :Cat ShowLocation:Region 4 (Great ... 09decAll DayShow Me Cat FanciersNeosho, Missouri(All Day: saturday) Event Type :Cat ShowLocation:Region 6 (Midwest) ...
Add My First Pet Stuff for your Sims to show love for Cats and Dogs while welcoming a new small animal. ... Youre in control of creating a variety of cats and dogs, and care for neighborhood pets as a veterinarian. ... 4 Cats and Dogs plus My First Pet Stuff content in one great bundle! ... KEY FEATURES The Sims 4 Cats and Dogs - The powerful new Create A Pet tool lets you personalize cats and dogs, each with their ...
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Find out what the average weight for cats is and how to ensure your cat is at a healthy weight. ... Do you know how much your cat should weigh? ... 2. Get Your Cat Moving. While cats are not as prone to wanting ... But many cat parents have a hard time evaluating their cats weight. You might think your cat is just a little chubby, but they ... Does Your Cats Age Affect Their Weight?. Age and life stage can affect your cats weight. In kittenhood, cats will grow ...
How to spot the serious signs of feline pancreatitis, emergency care, and what kind of diet to feed her while shes recovering. ... Helping a Cat with Sensitive Skin. Cats with sensitive skin have special needs and even healthy cats can sometimes develop poor ... Feeding Your Cat While She Recovers. Once she returns home from the hospital, most vets recommend feeding your cat as soon as ... Foods that are Dangerous or Toxic to Cats. Many human foods are dangerous to cats. Read about 5 of the worst toxic food ...
From cat breeds to health, nutrition and more we have a source that can inform or educate. ... Cats and Kittens. 9 Common Cat Myths Debunked. Fact: The myth most likely originated from Egyptian gods and religions, where ... Throughout the ages, cats continued to be considered magical and otherworldly, and their resilience in surviving falls from ... The Abyssinian is often a colorful cat with a distinctly ticked coat, medium in size and regal in appearance; lithe, hard and ...
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... but Cat-skin did. Then let Cat-skin come up, said the king: and when she came he said to her, Who are you? I am a poor ... who was again forced to tell him that Cat-skin had cooked it. Cat-skin was brought again before the king, but she still told ... Thus Cat-skin lived for a long time very sorrowfully. Ah! pretty princess! thought she, what will now become of thee? But ... The cook was frightened when he heard the order, and said to Cat-skin, You must have let a hair fall into the soup; if it be ...
... of that other cat that we adopted that convinced my wife that cats are good things to have around.. Cats, like dogs, tend to ... Within a week my wife had fallen in love with the cat. One of the problems, I think, for people who claim not to like cats is ... It only took one cat to turn my wife into a cat person: Angel. Angel was a calico that belonged to a couple we knew from church ... The cat sleeps in her bed and follows her about the house. When my daughter takes a shower, the cat sits outside the bathroom ...
This cat and kitten puzzle contains over 50 pictures to play with. ★ Choose between 50 images on board ★ Every day a new puzzle ... This cat and kitten puzzle contains over 50 pictures to play with. ★ Choose between 50 images on board ★ Every day a new puzzle ... This cat and kitten puzzle contains over 50 pictures to play with. ★ Choose between 50 images on board ★ Every day a new puzzle ...
It is thought that these cats descend from the "Cat of Syria," described in the 16th century as a stocky cat with a wooly ash- ... "blue cat") to distinguish it from the domestic cat (Felis Catus Domesticus). Natural colonies of these cats were known to exist ... All the cat breed faqs are available as ASCII files either on rec.pets.cats or via anon ftp to rtfm.mit.edu under pub/usenet/ ... The early show cats from the 1930s could be Grand Champions in our shows today. This is unusual in the cat fancy (many breeds ...
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The cat, also called the domestic cat or house cat, is a small feline carnivorous mammal of the subspecies Felis silvestris ... Cats dont have friends. They have co-conspirators. ~ Darby Conley. Pete the Cat, of Texas. A[edit]. *I think all cats are wild ... Confound the cats! All cats-alway-. Cats of all colours, black, white, grey;. By night a nuisance and by day-. Confound the ... Cat, Im a kitty-cat, and I dance, dance, dance, and I dance, dance, dance. *Steve Ibsen, "The Kitty Cat Dance". ...
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  • In any case, one of the cats had a litter of kittens and my children were offered one of them. (jpost.com)
  • One litter of kittens can have multiple fathers, a phenomenon more likely in city cats due to crowding and lower aggression among males. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Kittens receive a rabies vaccination as part of their core vaccine group (feline calicivirus, feline herpes virus and feline distemper) when they are between 8 and 12 weeks old. (vetinfo.com)
  • Most domestic cats, particularly kittens, throughout the world are infected but most show no signs of illness. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The naturalists, Linnaeus and Buffon, wrote of the Chartreux as the cat of France and gave it a Latin name (Felis Catus Coeruleus, "blue cat") to distinguish it from the domestic cat (Felis Catus Domesticus). (faqs.org)
  • A domestic house cat, Felis catus , at the Hutchinson Zoo in Kansas. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Modern-day cats descended from a subspecies of African wildcat, Felis silvestris lybica , which today is the most common and widespread wildcat. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • The cat , also called the domestic cat or house cat , is a small feline carnivorous mammal of the subspecies Felis silvestris catus . (wikiquote.org)
  • A domesticated species ( Felis catus ) of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet . (wiktionary.org)
  • Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an infection caused by the bacteria Bartonella henselae, and less commonly other Bartonella species. (cdc.gov)
  • Bartonella infection in dogs is less common, but more likely to cause illness, compared to cats. (cdc.gov)
  • Bartonella henselae and transmitted by a scratch or bite from an infected cat, often causing a crusted bump and swollen lymph nodes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Fleas transmit the Bartonella bacteria from one cat to another. (msdmanuals.com)
  • S prestižní nominací na cenu BRITs Rising Star, oceněním v anketě BBC Sound Poll 2023 a titulem Global RADAR na Spotify je Cat nejprodávanější umělkyní roku 2022 ve Velké Británii. (coca-cola.com)
  • Registration of cats was not mandatory in Sweden prior to January 1st, 2023. (sva.se)
  • July 21, 2023 - An outbreak of H5N1 bird flu in household cats was recently reported by the World Health Organization , underscoring that these viruses can infect and cause illness in household pets. (cdc.gov)
  • Feral cats are "having a field day" at the Oakland Coliseum after the absence of humans during the coronavirus pandemic boosted their numbers, officials said. (berkeley.edu)
  • Douglas Adams , discussing feral cats in Last Chance to See (1991). (wikiquote.org)
  • If there are feral cats in your neighborhood, or if someone (including you) is feeding stray cats, there are charitable groups in Albuquerque that can help get the cats sterilized so they don't reproduce. (cabq.gov)
  • Another, independent foray into cat domestication occurred in China about 5,000 years ago with another wildcat species the leopard cat . (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Many species are toxic to felines, such as aloe and philodendron, and Easter lilies, which are deadly. (webmd.com)
  • The results suggest that, in comparison with humans and other animals , cats have a different oral mycoflora in terms of species, number and diversity. (bvsalud.org)
  • You're in control of creating a variety of cats and dogs, add them to your Sims' homes to forever change their lives, and care for neighborhood pets as a veterinarian. (xbox.com)
  • Add My First Pet Stuff for your Sims to show love for Cats and Dogs while welcoming a new small animal. (xbox.com)
  • KEY FEATURES The Sims 4 Cats and Dogs - The powerful new Create A Pet tool lets you personalize cats and dogs, each with their own unique appearances, distinct behaviors, and for the first time, expressive outfits! (xbox.com)
  • Vomiting and abdominal pain can also be signs of the condition, but these signs are more common in people and dogs with pancreatitis than in cats. (hillspet.com)
  • Eating too much fatty food is a clear pancreatitis risk for dogs, notes the American Kennel Club , but the link between too much fat and pancreas problems in cats is still being studied. (hillspet.com)
  • The only animal my wife had ever owned before was a dog and she saw cats through her experience with dogs. (jpost.com)
  • Cats are roughly dog-sized, and seem to fit into the same basic ecological niche in a household held by dogs. (jpost.com)
  • But they refuse to behave like dogs and so a person used dogs thinks there is something wrong with cats. (jpost.com)
  • Which, of course, is absurd given that cats are not dogs. (jpost.com)
  • The owner of the house kept lots of animals: dogs, cats, chickens and even a llama. (jpost.com)
  • After working on Three portraits of studio cat Charlie I worked on this new series of cats and dogs. (behance.net)
  • Charlie features again, as do some of the cats and dogs of instagram. (behance.net)
  • The former gets a hilarious (intentional or not) number in which she stares directly into the camera and sings about how cats should never be treated like dogs. (ign.com)
  • The cat tapeworm is a parasite spread to dogs, cats, and people through the ingestion of infected fleas. (cdc.gov)
  • Does the Average Healthy Cat Weight Vary Amongst Breeds? (petmd.com)
  • The difference in body size between cat breeds can be significant. (petmd.com)
  • All the cat breed faqs are available as ASCII files either on rec.pets.cats or via anon ftp to rtfm.mit.edu under pub/usenet/new.answers/cats-faq/breeds/* They are also viewable on the World Wide Web at http://www.fanciers.com/breeds.html . (faqs.org)
  • This is unusual in the cat fancy (many breeds have changed substantially in that time). (faqs.org)
  • There are at least 45 domestic breeds, which differ widely in features such as coat color, tail length, hair texture, and temperament, according to the Cat Fancier's Association . (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Asian breeds, particularly Siamese cats, are prone to vocalizing. (webmd.com)
  • Find the best hypoallergenic cat breeds that fit your allergen free household including the Balinese-Javanese, Cornish Rex, Devon Rex, Siberian and Sphynx. (purina.com)
  • Whether you want the most popular cat breed for yourself or you're just curious about the top cat breeds, we've compiled a list so you can view them all in one place. (purina.com)
  • People with dander allergies will appreciate hypoallergenic cats because their coats produce much less dander than other breeds. (purina.com)
  • Jellicle cats" are briefly mentioned in T. S. Eliot's 1933 poem "Five-Finger Exercises", although they are not described until Eliot's poem "The Song of the Jellicles", where Jellicle cats were depicted as commonly nocturnal black and white, scruffy cats. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although not as commonly administered as the canine rabies vaccine, feline rabies vaccinations offer cats protection against the deadly virus. (vetinfo.com)
  • Cats commonly become infected by eating contaminated raw meat and shed the bacteria in their poop. (cdc.gov)
  • This study was designed to identify yeast isolates from the oral cavity of healthy cats and to evaluate their antifungal susceptibility pattern. (bvsalud.org)
  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the incidence of cat rabies cases in the United States rose 12 percent from 2007 to 2008, while cases of dog rabies dropped 18 percent. (vetinfo.com)
  • Pancreatitis in cats is divided into two pairs of categories: acute (sudden) or chronic (ongoing), and mild or severe. (hillspet.com)
  • Acute feline pancreatitis poses the most serious risk and nearly always requires hospitalization. (hillspet.com)
  • Acute collapse is a sudden loss of strength causing your cat to fall and be unable to rise. (petplace.com)
  • In acute collapse, your cat falls to the ground either into a sitting position (hind limb collapse) or a lying position (complete collapse). (petplace.com)
  • If your cat suffers an acute collapse, he will sit down suddenly or lie down and won't be able to get back up. (petplace.com)
  • While she is hospitalized, your cat might be given antibiotics to minimize her risk of suppurative (infectious) pancreatitis. (hillspet.com)
  • When the tuberculin skin test results turned out to be negative, the investigators pursued an infectious cause of feline origin. (medscape.com)
  • But at least on stage, this truly bananas story of stray cats in London going to a big cat dance-off to see who gets chosen to fly away to cat heaven (or is it an alternate dimension? (ign.com)
  • Feeding stray cats is very common, but attempting to eradicate the cats through poisoning or other means is a crime that will be prosecuted. (cabq.gov)
  • Cats have scent glands in their face, and bunting allows them to mark their territory, bond with other cats, or show affection. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • A blind cat, its ill mother, and a seeing-eye kitten in Iowa were looking for a home when one family made an 800-mile trip to adopt them. (berkeley.edu)
  • From a cute beagle to an adorable kitten, each piece is a wonderful gift idea for the cat and dog lovers in your life. (swarovski.com)
  • We have everything you need to help your cat or kitten live their best life at PetSmart. (petsmart.com)
  • Patients with CSD usually have a history of sustaining a scratch or bite from a cat (typically a kitten). (medscape.com)
  • Maine Coon cats are bred to have a medium to large body frame with broad chests and strong features. (petmd.com)
  • Typically, the ideal weight for the average healthy cat is 8-12 pounds. (petmd.com)
  • The results are two small ears that are in front of the normal set you'd typically see on a cat. (berkeley.edu)
  • An owned cat typically will return to its home if you leave it alone, and it can be very difficult to find the owner if you try to intervene by removing it from its roaming area. (cabq.gov)
  • Our SENTRY flea collars and other treatments can help keep your cat free of fleas, ticks and other pests like ear mites. (petsmart.com)
  • Cats may swallow fleas when self-grooming. (cdc.gov)
  • One of the most unusual-looking cats is the Sphynx, a mostly hairless cat known for being robust and intelligent. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • One of the problems, I think, for people who claim not to like cats is that they haven't really had much experience with them. (jpost.com)
  • People probably began to use the name "Chartreux" for these cats during the 17th century. (faqs.org)
  • Although known as the cat of France, they were also thought of as a cat of the common people. (faqs.org)
  • From ancient Egyptians to today's internet users, people have always loved their cats. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • People began to domesticate cats in the Fertile Crescent about 10,000 years ago , according to DNA research. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Just like people, some cats are more "talkative" than others. (webmd.com)
  • Nothing divided people more deeply than how they felt about cats. (wikiquote.org)
  • Rabies is an incurable disease that both cats and people can catch. (vetinfo.com)
  • Say, do you mind telling me if people around here really eat cats? (wiktionary.org)
  • Cats are also credited with promoting socialization among older individuals and physically or mentally disabled people. (cdc.gov)
  • Although cats are great companions, cat owners should be aware that sometimes cats can carry harmful germs that can cause a variety of illnesses in people, ranging from minor skin infections to serious illnesses. (cdc.gov)
  • By providing your cat with routine veterinary care and following the Healthy People tips, you are less likely to get sick from touching, petting, or owning a cat. (cdc.gov)
  • Read below to learn about diseases that can be spread by cats and visit the Healthy People section to learn about staying healthy around pet cats. (cdc.gov)
  • People get Campylobacter infection by coming into contact with feces (poop) of infected animals, including cats, or by consuming contaminated food or water. (cdc.gov)
  • People can be exposed to the bacteria through the scratch or lick of an infected cat. (cdc.gov)
  • This parasite is common in cats but rarely causes illness in pets or people. (cdc.gov)
  • Also, no illness has been reported in cat owners or other people exposed to the cats. (cdc.gov)
  • People with cat-scratch disease have a red, painless bump at the site of the scratch, and some have a fever, headache, poor appetite, or swollen lymph nodes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • People become infected by a cat bite or scratch, which does not need to be severe for infection to occur. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Usually, people have no other symptoms, and cat-scratch disease resolves on its own. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Like humans, cats display a preference for a particular paw, with males more often favoring their left paw and females their right. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • The purpose of this project is to study the communication between humans and domestic cats. (lu.se)
  • Understanding the vocal strategies used by humans and cats in human-cat communication will have profound implications for our understanding of how we communicate with our pets in general, and has the potential to improve the relation between animals and humans within several fields, including animal therapy, veterinary medicine, and animal sheltering. (lu.se)
  • When cats rub their faces on the furniture, other cats, or a person, it may be a behavior called bunting. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • From flea control to calming aids, SENTRY for cats can help your cat avoid common health and behavior issues. (petsmart.com)
  • Sleeping all day, chasing shadows all night, getting high on mysterious herbs -- that may be delinquent behavior for a teenager, but it's run of the mill for a cat. (webmd.com)
  • This behavior is considered compulsive and is most common in indoor-only cats. (webmd.com)
  • But many cat parents have a hard time evaluating their cat's weight. (petmd.com)
  • If you are unsure of where your cat falls on the chart, ask your veterinarian to assess your cat's weight and body condition score to provide you with appropriate feedback. (petmd.com)
  • Even though the condition is relatively rare, learning to spot the signs of feline pancreatitis could be important for your cat's health. (hillspet.com)
  • And, just in time for Christmas, the cat's finally out of the bag on the nightmare-inducing digital fur technology of director Tom Hooper 's adaptation of Cats, which grants cat-like versions of Jason Derulo and Taylor Swift the freedom to do big dance numbers without the burden of feline prosthetics. (ign.com)
  • That's why we're proud to offer a full spectrum of performance and specialized nutrition formulas, including options that support healthy aging, reduce cat allergens, provide guaranteed live probiotics, and more. (purina.com)
  • And through annual checkups, you can ensure that your cat is maintaining their healthy weight into their adult and senior years. (petmd.com)
  • Adult cats without a clear vaccination history should receive a rabies vaccination with a follow-up dosage given a year later. (vetinfo.com)
  • Since domestic cats today aren't related to leopard cats, the harmony doesn't seem to have lasted. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Domestic cats lack a taste receptor for sweetness. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • The Germanic word is generally thought to be from Late Latin cattus ( " domestic cat " ) (c. 350, Palladius ), from Latin catta (c. 75 A.D. , Martial ), [1] from an Afroasiatic language. (wiktionary.org)
  • Studies in various cats (tigers, cheetahs and domestic cats) showed that one of these genes has mutated and no longer works. (wiktionary.org)
  • While domestic animals, including cats, rarely become infected with H5N1, it has been reported, most often after eating raw, sick, or dead infected wild birds or poultry or being in environments contaminated by them. (cdc.gov)
  • As mostly nocturnal animals, cats have excellent vision and hearing, with ears that can turn like satellite dishes . (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Learn more about the peculiarities of feline protocol so you can sort harmless kitty quirks from cat behaviors that could spell trouble. (webmd.com)
  • Each mat has flexible plastic spikes that are harmless to cats and other animals, but discourage digging. (cabq.gov)
  • CATS provides feedback on a student's progress in a major, helping them to find the best academic path to complete their degree. (lsu.edu)
  • Starlink works great until the cats find out that the dish gives off a little heat on cold days," tweeted Starlink user Aaron Taylor. (berkeley.edu)
  • Shop PetSmart's wide variety of SENTRY for cats to find the SENTRY pet product for you. (petsmart.com)
  • At PetSmart, you'll find all your feline friend's favorites. (petsmart.com)
  • You can easily find whether a plant is toxic to your cat by checking online. (webmd.com)
  • Learn about cats, find the best food for your cat, or discover the best cat breed for you. (purina.com)
  • If you are wondering what's right for a new cat, or your cat is a picky eater, the Pet Food Finder tool can help you find the best food for your cat. (purina.com)
  • If you find a tame cat and want to help it, the best way is to foster the cat until you find a home for it yourself. (cabq.gov)
  • What Is the Weight of an Average Cat, and When Is My Kitty Obese? (petmd.com)
  • You can now create an account to manage your preferences and personalize your experience on Cat.com. (cat.com)
  • The risk to human health from H5N1 bird flu infections in cats is thought to be low. (cdc.gov)
  • The use of anti-cat monoclonals in the study of Brugia pahangi infections in cats / by Udeni Nimal Premaratne. (who.int)
  • This 9-year-old boy developed cat scratch disease (CSD) encephalitis and a papular pruritic dermatitis after sustaining cat scratches and developing regional lymphadenitis. (medscape.com)
  • Serologic results for cat scratch disease encephalitis patients. (cdc.gov)
  • On August 14, 1994, the Broward County Public Health Unit of the Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services was notified of three children from Pompano Beach who were hospitalized with encephalitis attributed to cat scratch disease (CSD). (cdc.gov)
  • Purina ONE′s goal is to provide pet owners with tailored nutrition for the pets they love, featuring dry dog food, wet dog food, dry cat food and wet cat food. (purina.com)
  • While most cats are indoor-only pets, they should also receive the rabies vaccination to protect them in the event they run away from home and are exposed to wild animals, such as skunks, raccoons, foxes, coyotes or bats, that may carry the virus. (vetinfo.com)
  • Our results may lead to an improved quality of life for cats and potentially for other pets as well. (lu.se)
  • The only character even close to worth caring about is reject cat Grizabella, and that's because Jennifer Hudson imbues her two solos with mountains of raw emotion that not even the distracting CGI can diminish. (ign.com)
  • In the musical, sub-plots involving individual Jellicle cats include the struggle of Grizabella, a former "glamour cat", and the kidnapping of the Jellicle patriarch, Old Deuteronomy. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2018, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) classified obesity as a disease, with 59.5% of cats being clinically overweight or obese . (petmd.com)
  • Carrying excess weight makes your cat much more likely to develop diabetes , urinary disease, arthritis , and to have a decreased life expectancy . (petmd.com)
  • Cats who develop fatty liver disease (hepatic lipidosis) at the same time can also show signs of jaundice like yellow gums and eyes, notes Pet Health Network . (hillspet.com)
  • Sometimes cats develop pancreatitis alongside inflammatory bowel disease or cholangiohepatitis (a liver disease), according to Veterinary Partner . (hillspet.com)
  • This is mainly because cats with mild cases may show very few signs of the disease. (hillspet.com)
  • The serum feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity (fTLI) test is not as reliable as the fPLI for diagnosing pancreatitis, but it can help identify exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, a disease that Veterinary Partner notes cats with chronic feline pancreatitis can develop. (hillspet.com)
  • Prowling cats can have a devastating impact on ground-nesting birds and hunting can also be a source of parasites and bacterial disease. (webmd.com)
  • Not all infected animals will show all three stages of the disease, and cats are most likely to develop the furious stage. (vetinfo.com)
  • If your cat is sick, it is important that you quickly contact a practicing veterinarian no matter what the reason for the disease may be. (sva.se)
  • Cat scratch disease (CSD), also known as cat scratch fever or subacute regional lymphadenitis, is a bacterial infection affecting lymph nodes that drain the sites of inoculation. (medscape.com)
  • This 2.5-year-old boy was recovering from cat scratch disease acquired 10 months before when he developed this neck abscess over a period of 3 weeks. (medscape.com)
  • To diagnose cat-scratch disease, doctors measure antibodies to the bacteria in the blood. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The World Small Animal Veterinary Association notes that there is a disparity between the number of cats who live with feline pancreatitis and the number who are actually diagnosed and treated. (hillspet.com)
  • An animal hospital will treat your cat with intravenous (IV) fluids to address her dehydration. (hillspet.com)
  • A cat for a bookseller is a different creature temperamentally from the same animal at a fishmonger's or a baker's. (wikiquote.org)
  • In these shops the cat is a useful animal - I suppose it is employed to eat fish entrails or to keep down rats and mice - but in my shop its function is that of a familiar. (wikiquote.org)
  • You can attempt to reunite the cat with its owner by having the animal scanned for a microchip. (cabq.gov)
  • The Animal Welfare Department does not have cat traps for rent, and it will not come to your neighborhood to pick up a cat unless the cat has bitten a person or the cat is injured. (cabq.gov)
  • Animal control authorities are not amused by a fast food chain's marketing stunt encouraging customers to dress their cats in a special take out bag. (lightreading.com)
  • A Hillsborough County Animal Services news release on Monday said forcing a real, unwilling cat into a 'Rapcat' bag could be considered felony animal cruelty. (lightreading.com)
  • If your cat cannot rise, prepare to transport the collapsed animal immediately after speaking with the veterinary hospital personnel. (petplace.com)
  • You eat cat because cats have a lively jingshen , or spirit, and thus by eating the animal you will improve your spirits. (wiktionary.org)
  • But your cat insists on showering you with gifts of dead mice, birds, or lizards. (webmd.com)
  • When cats in nature eat birds and mice and things, they're getting moisture as part of that. (bellaonline.com)
  • At twilight in the summer there is never anybody to fear-man, woman, or cat -in the chambers and at that hour the mice come out. (wiktionary.org)
  • I ate at a Chinese restaurant once, even though my friends told me I would probably be eating cat and dog disguised as chicken. (wiktionary.org)
  • Hospital vets will also provide your cat with pain relief, as well as anti-nausea medicine to help combat nausea your cat might have. (hillspet.com)
  • Unexplained weight loss in cats can be a sign of serious health issues or diseases, so it's crucial to know what your cat should weigh and to monitor their weight gain or loss. (petmd.com)
  • What Should the Average Cat Weigh? (petmd.com)
  • We will develop a prosodic typology of cat vocalisations and present our results on a popular scientific website. (lu.se)
  • Study 2 will apply new methods to examine how cats perceive different prosodic cues in human speech. (lu.se)
  • A cat rubbing their face on you is a sign of affection. (webmd.com)
  • Family cats with easygoing, loyal temperaments are good companions for children. (purina.com)
  • Since you already have an existing Caterpillar account, we've automatically enabled your access to Cat.com. (cat.com)
  • Cat.com was able to retrieve your Caterpillar profile, but requires a few more pieces of information that you don't have stored. (cat.com)
  • Lesions of cats infected with HPAI virus (H5N1) (first column), showing severe epithelial necrosis in bronchioles and alveoli (hematoxylin and eosin [HE] stain) with intraluminal edema and inflammatory cell infiltrates, and associated influenza virus antigen expression (immunohistochemical stain with 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole substrate and hematoxylin counterstain [IHC]) in bronchiolar and type II alveolar epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
  • We had a large golden retriever and a stray cat that we were feeding and that seemed like more than enough animals for one home. (jpost.com)
  • Bringing you dead animals is normal, but it's best to keep your cat inside. (webmd.com)
  • Specifically, we will investigate how the prosody, including the voice, melody (intonation) and speaking style - in human speech as well as in cat vocalisations - influence the vocal communication. (lu.se)
  • In Study 1 we will investigate how cats vary their melody (intonation) in human-directed and cat-directed vocalisations. (lu.se)
  • The old joke is that cats were once worshipped as gods in Egypt-and they have never forgotten. (jpost.com)
  • A healthy cat has only a very small amount of fat covering their ribs. (petmd.com)
  • Eating small amounts of grass can be nutritious for cats. (webmd.com)
  • This occurs 1-3 weeks after exposure (for example, a cat scratch or lick). (cdc.gov)
  • CSD is associated with exposure to cats infected with B. henselae. (cdc.gov)
  • Cats become infected through flea bites, fights with other infected cats, or blood transfusions. (cdc.gov)
  • Young cats (less than 1 year of age), strays or cats living in shelters, cats with current or previous flea infestation, and cats that hunt are most likely to have the bacteria. (cdc.gov)
  • The tapeworm is spread when a cat or person swallows an infected flea. (cdc.gov)
  • What's the Average Healthy Cat Weight? (petmd.com)
  • So, what is a healthy weight for a cat? (petmd.com)
  • That said, healthy cats come in a variety of sizes-and that includes weight. (petmd.com)
  • More than the weight alone, we must evaluate the body frame size and the lean muscle mass of a cat to determine what a healthy weight is. (petmd.com)
  • These more petite cats can have a healthy body weight of as little as 6-8 pounds. (petmd.com)
  • The best way to learn if your cat is at a healthy weight is to work with your veterinarian. (petmd.com)
  • In kittenhood, cats will grow rapidly and gain weight quickly, but this is healthy and all part of the growing process. (petmd.com)
  • Unplanned weight loss is also a concern for cats, and older cats need to be monitored carefully to ensure they stick to a healthy weight. (petmd.com)
  • Like their big cat cousins, house cats are obligate carnivores , meaning they have to eat meat to stay healthy. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Try your cat out for 2 weeks on a healthy wet food option, and see how they enjoy the difference - and how their health seems to change. (bellaonline.com)
  • Cats may appear healthy and show no signs of Campylobacter infection or they can have diarrhea that may be bloody. (cdc.gov)
  • When you look at cat food containers, though, you realize what an odd world we live in. (bellaonline.com)
  • But in the end, your cat will be much healthier and live longer, which means fewer vet bills and more years of enjoyment for your family. (bellaonline.com)
  • In 1931, Dr. Robert Debré and his colleague Georges Semelaigne observed an unusual case of suppurating epitrochlear adenitis in a 10-year-old boy at the University of Paris and noted a number of cat scratches on the affected side. (medscape.com)
  • Cat purring, the unusual, pulsed vibration that epitomizes comfort, enjoys a special status in the world of vocal communication research. (lu.se)
  • If your cat does have pancreatitis, what are the symptoms? (hillspet.com)
  • Does anyone in the household have allergies to cats? (google.com)
  • Feline pancreatitis is also not easy to definitively diagnose without a biopsy or ultrasound. (hillspet.com)
  • A 1 mm biopsy punch sample was taken from sockets in all cats for comparison of the healing in both groups. (bvsalud.org)
  • The collars many of the cats wear sometimes appear to float slightly off of them rather than obey the rules of gravity. (ign.com)
  • Help your pet manage stress with SENTRY calming cat collars and sprays. (petsmart.com)
  • A temp home at best, the dish will be moved once the house is built, at least that's what I get from the article, Grace has a nice warm and 72' tall cat tree that she likes and that I assembled. (berkeley.edu)
  • Read about house cat ancestors' remains found in Polish caves. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • In house cats, the pattern is similar. (webmd.com)
  • Cat Person," one of the collection's short stories, focuses on a college sophomore named Margot and her brief, largely unpleasant dalliance with a man in his mid-thirties named Robert, whom she meets when he patronizes the art house movie theater where she works. (bookrags.com)
  • Instead, give your cat toys they can hunt for inside. (webmd.com)
  • In the U.S. alone, cats reign over about 45.3 million households . (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Nearly 40 million households in the United States have pet cats. (cdc.gov)
  • Although most infected cats do not appear sick, some cats may experience mild illness with fever that lasts for approximately 2-3 days. (cdc.gov)
  • The unique cat was born with four ears due to a rare genetic mutation. (berkeley.edu)
  • Because there's a genetic basis for it, some cats show an extreme attraction. (webmd.com)
  • It is important to note that a review of the genetic sequences of the viruses found in cats in Poland does not show any reason to change CDC's risk assessment to human health, which remains low for the general public. (cdc.gov)
  • Preliminary genetic sequencing of the viruses isolated from cats indicate these are from the H5 2.3.4.4b clade, which are similar to the viruses that have been circulating in wild birds and poultry recently in Poland. (cdc.gov)
  • Cushioning discs between vertebrae also give cat bodies exceptional flexibility and speed. (nationalgeographic.com)