Organic Cation Transport Proteins
Cations
Cation Transport Proteins
Biological Transport
Biological Transport, Active
Sodium
Fatty Acid Transport Proteins
Potassium
An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
Rubidium
Ion Transport
Membrane Transport Proteins
Cations, Monovalent
Cations, Divalent
Carrier Proteins
Squalus
Organic Cation Transporter 1
Ouabain
Erythrocytes
Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
An enzyme that catalyzes the active transport system of sodium and potassium ions across the cell wall. Sodium and potassium ions are closely coupled with membrane ATPase which undergoes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, thereby providing energy for transport of these ions against concentration gradients.
Lithium
Metals, Alkali
Potassium Isotopes
Monosaccharide Transport Proteins
Equilibrative Nucleoside Transport Proteins
Cell Membrane
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Antiporters
Amino Acid Sequence
Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters
Anion Transport Proteins
Magnesium
Membrane Proteins
Digoxin
A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666)
Protein Transport
Erythrocyte Membrane
Axonal Transport
Rubidium Radioisotopes
Cell Membrane Permeability
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Ion Channels
Adenosine Triphosphatases
Adenosine Triphosphate
Quinidine
An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.
Symporters
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.
Kidney Tubules, Proximal
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Ions
Kidney Cortex
Mutation
Gramicidin
Membrane Potentials
The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).
Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter
Glucose
Kidney
Vesicular Transport Proteins
A broad category of proteins involved in the formation, transport and dissolution of TRANSPORT VESICLES. They play a role in the intracellular transport of molecules contained within membrane vesicles. Vesicular transport proteins are distinguished from MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS, which move molecules across membranes, by the mode in which the molecules are transported.
Binding Sites
Dogs
Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte
A major integral transmembrane protein of the ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE. It is the anion exchanger responsible for electroneutral transporting in CHLORIDE IONS in exchange of BICARBONATE IONS allowing CO2 uptake and transport from tissues to lungs by the red blood cells. Genetic mutations that result in a loss of the protein function have been associated with type 4 HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS.
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
Choline
Electron Transport
Phosphate-Binding Proteins
Xenopus laevis
Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative
Transport Vesicles
Rabbits
Organic Anion Transporters
Base Sequence
Amino Acid Transport Systems
Models, Biological
Fluorescent Dyes
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Cloning, Molecular
Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins
A sequence-related subfamily of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS that actively transport organic substrates. Although considered organic anion transporters, a subset of proteins in this family have also been shown to convey drug resistance to neutral organic drugs. Their cellular function may have clinical significance for CHEMOTHERAPY in that they transport a variety of ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS. Overexpression of proteins in this class by NEOPLASMS is considered a possible mechanism in the development of multidrug resistance (DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE). Although similar in function to P-GLYCOPROTEINS, the proteins in this class share little sequence homology to the p-glycoprotein family of proteins.
Golgi Apparatus
A stack of flattened vesicles that functions in posttranslational processing and sorting of proteins, receiving them from the rough ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM and directing them to secretory vesicles, LYSOSOMES, or the CELL MEMBRANE. The movement of proteins takes place by transfer vesicles that bud off from the rough endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus and fuse with the Golgi, lysosomes or cell membrane. (From Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)
Protein Binding
4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Nucleotide Transport Proteins
Nucleoside Transport Proteins
4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid
Models, Molecular
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Cells, Cultured
Iron
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Substrate Specificity
Anions
Periplasmic Binding Proteins
TRPM Cation Channels
Amino Acids
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
Taurocholic Acid
Liver
P-Glycoprotein
A 170-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein from the superfamily of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS. It serves as an ATP-dependent efflux pump for a variety of chemicals, including many ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS. Overexpression of this glycoprotein is associated with multidrug resistance (see DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE).
Temperature
Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic
Oocytes
Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral
Protons
Vesicular Biogenic Amine Transport Proteins
Dicarboxylic Acid Transporters
TRPV Cation Channels
GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
A family of plasma membrane neurotransmitter transporter proteins that regulates extracellular levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. They differ from GABA RECEPTORS, which signal cellular responses to GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. They control GABA reuptake into PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM through high-affinity sodium-dependent transport.
Fatty Acids
Intracellular Membranes
Aquaporins
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Water
TRPC Cation Channels
Manganese
A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Bile Canaliculi
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Prealbumin
Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored
Glucose Transporter Type 1
Cilia
Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
Diffusion
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A system of cisternae in the CYTOPLASM of many cells. In places the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the plasma membrane (CELL MEMBRANE) or outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. If the outer surfaces of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes are coated with ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum is said to be rough-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, ROUGH); otherwise it is said to be smooth-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, SMOOTH). (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Cytoplasm
Aquaporin 1
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
Proteolipids
Protein-lipid combinations abundant in brain tissue, but also present in a wide variety of animal and plant tissues. In contrast to lipoproteins, they are insoluble in water, but soluble in a chloroform-methanol mixture. The protein moiety has a high content of hydrophobic amino acids. The associated lipids consist of a mixture of GLYCEROPHOSPHATES; CEREBROSIDES; and SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS; while lipoproteins contain PHOSPHOLIPIDS; CHOLESTEROL; and TRIGLYCERIDES.
Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 1
Genetic Complementation Test
Zinc
A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Sulfobromophthalein
Blotting, Western
Transfection
Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters
Homeostasis
Drug Resistance, Multiple
Catecholamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
Mitochondria
Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Caco-2 Cells
Choroid Plexus
Structure-Activity Relationship
Plant Roots
4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate
Copper
Gene Expression
Bicarbonates
3-O-Methylglucose
Liposomes
Chloride Channels
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Binding, Competitive
Indoleacetic Acids
Ovum Transport
Lactose
Water-Electrolyte Balance
Protein Structure, Secondary
Transferrin
Membrane Transport Modulators
Vacuoles
Amino Acid Transport System X-AG
Gene Expression Regulation
Nickel
Cricetinae
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Permeability
Organic Anion Transport Polypeptide C
DNA, Complementary
P-Glycoproteins
A subfamily of transmembrane proteins from the superfamily of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS that are closely related in sequence to P-GLYCOPROTEIN. When overexpressed, they function as ATP-dependent efflux pumps able to extrude lipophilic drugs, especially ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, from cells causing multidrug resistance (DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE). Although P-Glycoproteins share functional similarities to MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS they are two distinct subclasses of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS, and have little sequence homology.
Intestines
Role of iron in Nramp1-mediated inhibition of mycobacterial growth. (1/3516)
Innate resistance to mycobacterial growth is mediated by a gene, Nramp1. We have previously reported that Nramp1 mRNA from macrophages of Mycobacterium bovis BCG-resistant (Bcgr) mice is more stable than Nramp1 mRNA from macrophages of BCG-susceptible (Bcgs) mice. Based on these observations and on reports that show that the closely related Nramp2 gene is a metal ion transporter, we evaluated the effect of iron on the growth of Mycobacterium avium within macrophages as well as on the stability of Nramp1 mRNA. The addition of iron to macrophages from Bcgs mice resulted in a stimulation of mycobacterial growth. In contrast, iron increased the capacity of macrophages from Bcgr mice to control the growth of M. avium. When we treated recombinant gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-activated macrophages with iron, we found that iron abrogated the growth inhibitory effect of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages from Bcgs mice but that it did not affect the capacity of macrophages from Bcgr mice to control microbial growth. A more detailed examination of the effect of iron on microbial growth showed that the addition of small quantities of iron to resident macrophages from Bcgr mice stimulated antimicrobial activity within a very narrow dose range. The effect of iron on the growth inhibitory activity of macrophages from Bcgr mice was abrogated by the addition of catalase or mannitol to the culture medium. These results are consistent with an Fe(II)-mediated stimulation of the Fenton/Haber-Weiss reaction and hydroxyl radical-mediated inhibition of mycobacterial growth. (+info)Characterisation of copper-binding to the second sub-domain of the Menkes protein ATPase (MNKr2). (2/3516)
The Menkes ATPase (MNK) has an essential role in the translocation of copper across cellular membranes. In a complementary manner, the intracellular concentration of copper regulates the activity and cellular location of the ATPase through its six homologous amino-terminal domains. The roles of the six amino-terminal domains in the activation and cellular trafficking processes are unknown. Understanding the role of these domains relies on the development of an understanding of their metal-binding properties and structural properties. The second conserved sub-domain of MNK was over-expressed, purified and its copper-binding properties characterised. Reconstitution studies demonstrate that copper binds to MNKr2 as Cu(I) with a stoichiometry of one copper per domain. This is the first direct evidence of copper-binding to the MNK amino-terminal repeats. Circular dichroism studies suggest that the binding or loss of copper to MNKr2 does not cause substantial changes to the secondary structure of the protein. (+info)The iron transport protein NRAMP2 is an integral membrane glycoprotein that colocalizes with transferrin in recycling endosomes. (3/3516)
The natural resistance associated macrophage protein (Nramp) gene family is composed of two members in mammals, Nramp1 and Nramp2. Nramp1 is expressed primarily in macrophages and mutations at this locus cause susceptibility to infectious diseases. Nramp2 has a much broader range of tissue expression and mutations at Nramp2 result in iron deficiency, indicating a role for Nramp2 in iron metabolism. To get further insight into the function and mechanism of action of Nramp proteins, we have generated isoform specific anti-Nramp1 and anti-Nramp2 antisera. Immunoblotting experiments indicate that Nramp2 is present in a number of cell types, including hemopoietic precursors, and is coexpressed with Nramp1 in primary macrophages and macrophage cell lines. Nramp2 is expressed as a 90-100-kD integral membrane protein extensively modified by glycosylation (>40% of molecular mass). Subcellular localization studies by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy indicate distinct and nonoverlapping localization for Nramp1 and Nramp2. Nramp1 is expressed in the lysosomal compartment, whereas Nramp2 is not detectable in the lysosomes but is expressed primarily in recycling endosomes and also, to a lower extent, at the plasma membrane, colocalizing with transferrin. These findings suggest that Nramp2 plays a key role in the metabolism of transferrin-bound iron by transporting free Fe2+ across the endosomal membrane and into the cytoplasm. (+info)Genetic selection of mutations in the high affinity K+ transporter HKT1 that define functions of a loop site for reduced Na+ permeability and increased Na+ tolerance. (4/3516)
Potassium is an important macronutrient required for plant growth, whereas sodium (Na+) can be toxic at high concentrations. The wheat K+ uptake transporter HKT1 has been shown to function in yeast and oocytes as a high affinity K+-Na+ cotransporter, and as a low affinity Na+ transporter at high external Na+. A previous study showed that point mutations in HKT1, which confer enhancement of Na+ tolerance to yeast, can be isolated by genetic selection. Here we report on the isolation of mutations in new domains of HKT1 showing further large increases in Na+ tolerance. By selection in a Na+ ATPase deletion mutant of yeast that shows a high Na+ sensitivity, new HKT1 mutants at positions Gln-270 and Asn-365 were isolated. Several independent mutations were isolated at the Asn-365 site. N365S dramatically increased Na+ tolerance in yeast compared with all other HKT1 mutants. Cation uptake experiments in yeast and biophysical characterization in Xenopus oocytes showed that the mechanisms underlying the Na+ tolerance conferred by the N365S mutant were: reduced inhibition of high affinity Rb+ (K+) uptake at high Na+ concentrations, reduced low affinity Na+ uptake, and reduced Na+ to K+ content ratios in yeast. In addition, the N365S mutant could be clearly distinguished from less Na+-tolerant HKT1 mutants by a markedly decreased relative permeability for Na+ at high Na+ concentrations. The new mutations contribute to the identification of new functional domains and an amino acid in a loop domain that is involved in cation specificity of a plant high affinity K+ transporter and will be valuable for molecular analyses of Na+ transport mechanisms and stress in plants. (+info)Overexpression of a novel Arabidopsis gene related to putative zinc-transporter genes from animals can lead to enhanced zinc resistance and accumulation. (5/3516)
We describe the isolation of an Arabidopsis gene that is closely related to the animal ZnT genes (Zn transporter). The protein encoded by the ZAT (Zn transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana) gene has 398 amino acid residues and is predicted to have six membrane-spanning domains. To obtain evidence for the postulated function of the Arabidopsis gene, transgenic plants with the ZAT coding sequence under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter were analyzed. Plants obtained with ZAT in the sense orientation exhibited enhanced Zn resistance and strongly increased Zn content in the roots under high Zn exposure. Antisense mRNA-producing plants were viable, with a wild-type level of Zn resistance and content, like plants expressing a truncated coding sequence lacking the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the protein. The availability of ZAT can lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of Zn homeostasis and resistance in plants. (+info)Ion channels: structure of a molecular brake. (6/3516)
A combination of crystallographic and mutagenesis studies on the HERG K+ channel, a key determinant of cardiac excitability, has suggested how the protein's extramembraneous amino-terminal domain might act as a 'molecular brake' that slows down channel deactivation. (+info)Cloning and characterization of the transport modifier RS1 from rabbit which was previously assumed to be specific for Na+-D-glucose cotransport. (7/3516)
Previously we cloned membrane associated polypeptides from pig and man (pRS1, hRS1) which altered rate and glucose dependence of Na+-d-glucose cotransport expressed by SGLT1 from rabbit and man. This paper describes the cloning of a related cDNA sequence from rabbit intestine (rbRS1) which encodes a gene product with about 65% amino acid identity to pRS1 and hRS1. Hybridization of endonuclease-restricted genomic DNA with cDNA fragments of rbRS1 showed that there is only one gene with similarity to rbRS1 in rabbit, and genomic PCR amplifications revealed that the rbRS1 gene is intronless. Comparing the transcription of rbRS1 and rbSGLT1 in various tissues and cell types, different mRNA patterns were obtained for both genes. In Xenopus oocytes the Vmax of expressed Na+-d-glucose cotransport was increased or decreased when rbRS1 was coexpressed with rbSGLT1 or hSGLT1, respectively. After coexpression with hSGLT1 the glucose dependence of the expressed transport was changed. By coexpression of rbRS1 with the human organic cation transporter hOCT2 the expressed cation uptake was not altered; however, the expressed cation uptake was drastically decreased when hRS1 was coexpressed with hOCT2. The data show that RS1 can modulate the function of transporters with non-homologous primary structures. (+info)Mechanism of increased iron absorption in murine model of hereditary hemochromatosis: increased duodenal expression of the iron transporter DMT1. (8/3516)
Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common autosomal recessive disorder characterized by tissue iron deposition secondary to excessive dietary iron absorption. We recently reported that HFE, the protein defective in HH, was physically associated with the transferrin receptor (TfR) in duodenal crypt cells and proposed that mutations in HFE attenuate the uptake of transferrin-bound iron from plasma by duodenal crypt cells, leading to up-regulation of transporters for dietary iron. Here, we tested the hypothesis that HFE-/- mice have increased duodenal expression of the divalent metal transporter (DMT1). By 4 weeks of age, the HFE-/- mice demonstrated iron loading when compared with HFE+/+ littermates, with elevated transferrin saturations (68.4% vs. 49.8%) and elevated liver iron concentrations (985 micrograms vs. 381 micrograms). By using Northern blot analyses, we quantitated duodenal expression of both classes of DMT1 transcripts: one containing an iron responsive element (IRE), called DMT1(IRE), and one containing no IRE, called DMT1(non-IRE). The positive control for DMT1 up-regulation was a murine model of dietary iron deficiency that demonstrated greatly increased levels of duodenal DMT1(IRE) mRNA. HFE-/- mice also demonstrated an increase in duodenal DMT1(IRE) mRNA (average 7.7-fold), despite their elevated transferrin saturation and hepatic iron content. Duodenal expression of DMT1(non-IRE) was not increased, nor was hepatic expression of DMT1 increased. These data support the model for HH in which HFE mutations lead to inappropriately low crypt cell iron, with resultant stabilization of DMT1(IRE) mRNA, up-regulation of DMT1, and increased absorption of dietary iron. (+info)
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CHAPTER 9
-
Binding, Transport and Storage of Metal Ions in Biological Cells
(RSC Publishing)
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Zinc transporter ZIP8
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http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0042392/00001
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Polymorphisms in the Gene That Encodes the Iron Transport Protein Ferroportin 1 Influence Susceptibility to Tuberculosis
Unusual Ammonium Transporters - Transport across and into membranes
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SLC22A5
... transporting one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Organic cations transported by this protein include ... SLC22A5 is a membrane transport protein associated with primary carnitine deficiency. This protein is involved in the active ... an organic cation/carnitine transporter, with differential effects on the organic cation transport function and the carnitine ... The SLC22A5 gene codes for a plasma integral membrane protein which functions as both an organic cation transporter and a ...
OST Family
Organic cation transport proteins Organic anion-transporting polypeptide Solute carrier family Osmoregulation Organic anion ... The generalized transport reaction catalyzed by OSTα/OSTβ is: organic anion (out) ⇌ organic anion (in) Each transport system ... The two proteins are highly expressed in many human tissues. The β-subunit is not required to target the α-subunit to the ... Transport of estrone sulfate by the two subunit Ost transporter of Raja erinacea (TC# 2.A.82.1.1) is Na+-independent, ATP- ...
Facilitated diffusion
Some examples of proteins that mediate this process are glucose transporters, organic cation transport proteins, urea ... The carrier protein at the membrane binds to the glucose and alters its shape such that it can easily to be transported from ... the transport relies on molecular binding between the cargo and the membrane-embedded channel or carrier protein. the rate of ... Their transport must therefore be "facilitated" by proteins that span the membrane and provide an alternative route or bypass ...
SLC22A1
Solute carrier family Organic cation transport proteins GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000175003 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38 ... This gene is one of three similar cation transporter genes located in a cluster on chromosome 6. The encoded protein contains ... Solute carrier family 22 member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene SLC22A1. Polyspecific organic cation ... "Properties and regulation of organic cation transport in freshly isolated human proximal tubules". The Journal of Biological ...
CDP-choline pathway
... sodium-independent organic cation transport proteins (OCTs) and/or carnitine/organic cation transporters (OCTNs), and do not ... Michel V, Yuan Z, Ramsubir S, Bakovic M (May 2006). "Choline transport for phospholipid synthesis". Experimental Biology and ... Choline kinase (CK) is a cytosolic protein that catalyzes the following reaction: choline + ATP ⇌ phosphocholine + ADP In ... which include the choline transporter-like protein 1 (CTL1). The fate of internalized choline depends on the cell type. In pre- ...
CDF
... the ANDI/netCDF scientific data interchange file format Cation diffusion facilitator, transport protein Channel Definition ...
Oct
... a process in medicine Organic cation transport protein, a type of protein Orion correlation theory, a hypothesis in ...
ATP12A
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type cation transport ATPases. This gene encodes a catalytic ... ATPase, H+/K+ transporting, nongastric, alpha polypeptide (also known as ATP12A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ... 2002). "Stimulation of protein kinase C pathway mediates endocytosis of human nongastric H+-K+-ATPase, ATP1AL1". Am. J. Physiol ... "Entrez Gene: ATP12A ATPase, H+/K+ transporting, nongastric, alpha polypeptide". Sverdlov VE, Kostina MB, Modyanov NN (March ...
Methylprednisolone
... altering cellular functions and ultimately influencing cation transport through the plasma membrane and stimulating the proton ... Metabolic: protein catabolism which causes negative nitrogen balance. Musculoskeletal: muscle weakness, loss of muscle mass, ... The metabolic effects of taking methylprednisolone involve the continuous breakdown of proteins for gluconeogenesis increase ... This association changes physiochemical properties of the membrane; activating membrane proteins, ...
Ionophore
... a molecule that transports a single potassium cation. Carrier ionophores may be proteins or other molecules. Channel formers ... Gräfe, U.; Reinhardt, G.; Miosga, N. (1989). "Monovalent cation specificity of passive transport mediated by laidlomycin and 26 ... Ionophores facilitate the transport of ions across biological membranes most commonly via passive transport, which is affected ... Many ionophores are lipid-soluble entities that transport ions across the cell membrane. Ionophores catalyze ion transport ...
APC Family
... of transport proteins includes members that function as solute:cation symporters and solute:solute antiporters. They occur in ... The larger eukaryotic and archaeal proteins possess N- and C-terminal hydrophilic extensions. Some animal proteins, for example ... APC Superfamily Transporter Classification Database Membrane transport protein Saier MH (August 2000). "Families of ... has proposed the pathway for transport and suggested a "rocking bundle" mechanism. Transport reactions generally catalyzed by ...
Calcium:cation antiporter-2
"The LysE Superfamily of Transport Proteins Involved in Cell Physiology and Pathogenesis". PLOS ONE. 10 (10): e0137184. Bibcode: ... Note that this family differs from the calcium:cation antiporter (CaCA) family which belongs to the cation diffusion ... CaCA2 family proteins are found in bacteria, archaea, yeast, plants and animals. This family, previously called the ... Patch-clamp analyses on human cells indicated that TMEM165 catalyzes Ca2+ transport. Defects in TMEM165 affected both Ca2+ and ...
Bacterial potassium transporter
TrkH from Escherichia coli is a transmembrane protein and determines the specificity and kinetics of cation transport by the ... This protein family consists of various potassium transport proteins (Trk) and V-type sodium ATP synthase subunit J or ... This protein interacts with TrkA and requires TrkE for transport activity. Schlosser A, Meldorf M, Stumpe S, Bakker EP, Epstein ... determine the specificity and kinetics of cation transport by the Trk system of Escherichia coli". J. Bacteriol. 177 (7): 1908- ...
Transport protein
... escort protein, acid transport protein, cation transport protein, or anion transport protein) is a protein that serves the ... A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter) is a membrane protein that acts as such a carrier. A vesicular transport ... Membrane+transport+proteins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Vesicular+Transport+Proteins ... There are several different kinds of transport proteins. Carrier proteins are proteins involved in the movement of ions, small ...
Monovalent cation:proton antiporter-1
"Phylogeny as a guide to structure and function of membrane transport proteins". Molecular Membrane Biology. 21 (3): 171-81. doi ... The Monovalent Cation:Proton Antiporter-1 (CPA1) Family (TC# 2.A.36) is a large family of proteins derived from Gram-positive ... M4 and M9 therefore contain critical sites for both drug and cation recognition. The generalized transport reaction catalyzed ... The bacterial proteins have 520-550 amino acyl residues (aas) while eukaryotic proteins are generally larger, varying in size ...
Epithelial sodium channel
The generalized transport reaction for Na+ channels is: Na+ (out) → Na+ (in) That for the degenerins is: Cation (out) → cation ... CFTR is a transmembrane channel responsible for chloride transport and defects in this protein cause cystic fibrosis, partly ... "ATP-gated P2X Receptor Cation Channel (P2X Receptor) Family". Functional and Phylogenetic Classification of Membrane Transport ... Toczyłowska-Mamińska R, Dołowy K (February 2012). "Ion transporting proteins of human bronchial epithelium". Journal of ...
Organic cation transport protein
An organic cation transport protein mediates the transport of organic cations across the cell membrane. These proteins are ... This family of proteins can also transport zwitterions and anions, though it is a different subfamily of solute carrier ...
Nucleobase cation symporter-1
... providing the structural basis of the alternating access model for membrane transport. NCS1 proteins are H+/Na+ symporters ... The Nucleobase:Cation Symporter-1 (NCS1) Family (TC# 2.A.39) consists of over 1000 currently sequenced proteins derived from ... The latter three proteins are likely to be closely related thiamin permease isoforms. The yeast cytosine-purine and vitamin B6 ... Proteins of the NCS1 family are 419-635 amino acyl residues long and possess twelve putative transmembrane α-helical spanners ( ...
Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein
The broad specificity NRAMP2 (DMT1) transports a range of divalent metal cations. Studies have shown that it transports Fe2+ ... The generalized transport reaction catalyzed by NRAMP family proteins is: Me2+ (out) + H+ (out) ⇌ Me2+ (in) + H+ (in). All ... Both proteins also mediate H+-dependent Fe2+ uptake. These proteins are of 575 and 549 amino acyl residues in length and are ... are a family of metal transport proteins found throughout all domains of life. Taking on an eleven-helix LeuT fold, the Nramp ...
SLC22A13
The encoded protein is a transmembrane protein involved in the transport of small molecules. This protein can function to ... This gene encodes a member of the organic-cation transporter family. It is located in a gene cluster with another member of the ... Solute carrier family 22 member 13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC22A13 gene. ... "The effects of genetic polymorphisms in the organic cation transporters OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3 on the renal clearance of ...
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1
Chen Y, Zhang S, Sorani M, Giacomini KM (2007). "Transport of paraquat by human organic cation transporters and multidrug and ... 2007). "The MATE proteins as fundamental transporters of metabolic and xenobiotic organic cations". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 27 ( ... 2006). "A human transporter protein that mediates the final excretion step for toxic organic cations". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U ... Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (MATE1), also known as solute carrier family 47 member 1, is a protein that in humans ...
Wilfred Stein
... cation exchangers or co-transport proteins). Stein collaborated with Felix Bronner, an authority on the physiology of calcium ... Cation occlusion is now considered an essential property of all ATP-driven cation pumps and also other coupled cation transport ... Intra-protein interactions across a fluid membrane as a model for biological transport. The Journal of general physiology 1969 ... Cotransport of salt and water in membrane proteins: membrane proteins as osmotic engines. J Membr Biol. 1994 Feb;137(3):179-95 ...
ATP1A3
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type cation transport ATPases, and to the subfamily of Na+/K+- ... "A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration". Cell. 125 (4): ... Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP1A3 gene. ... "Entrez Gene: ATP1A3 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 3 polypeptide". Papandreou A, Danti FR, Spaull R, Leuzzi V, Mctague A, ...
CPA superfamily
The Cation:Proton Antiporter (CPA) Superfamily is a superfamily of transport proteins named after one of its constituent ... 2011). "Phylogenetic Characterization of Transport Protein Superfamilies: Superiority of SuperfamilyTree Programs over Those ... "Phylogeny as a guide to structure and function of membrane transport proteins". Molecular Membrane Biology. 21 (3): 171-181. ... As of April 2016, the CPA superfamily consists of four members: 2.A.37 - The Monovalent Cation:Proton Antiporter-2 (CPA2) ...
SLC22A4
... but efficiency of transport for organic cations (e.g., tetraethylammonium) is very low. The transport efficiency for carnitine ... The first functional designation of this protein was OCTN1 ("organic cation transporter, novel, type 1"), ... The encoded protein is an integral protein of the plasma membrane containing 12 transmembrane segments. ... and pH-dependent transport of organic cations". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 289 (2): 768-73. ...
Magnesium transporter
... but the Ki for Mg2+ inhibition of this transport is currently unknown. The transport of other cations by the Alr1p protein was ... also showed that the protein could transport Zn2+ and Fe2+, but did not report on the capacity of the protein to transport ... The transport of Zn2+ by this protein may be as important as that of Mg2+. The table shows a comparison of the transport ... How the transport of Mg2+ by the protein is regulated was not determined. Currents were observed to pass through the protein in ...
Inward-rectifier potassium channel
... and the C-terminal half of the protein is hydrophilic. It transports monovalent cations with the selectivity: K ≈ Rb ≈ Cs ≫ Li ... In terms of function, these proteins transport potassium (K+), with a greater tendency for K+ uptake than K+ export.[3] The ... Kir channels are formed from as homotetrameric membrane proteins. Each of the four identical protein subunits is composed of ... "Isolated human transporter proteins, nucleic acid molecules encoding human transporter proteins, and uses thereof", published ...
ATP8B3
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type cation transport ATPases, and to the subfamily of ... The aminophospholipid translocases transport phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine from one side of a bilayer to ... This gene encodes the member 3 of the phospholipid-transporting ATPase 8B. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding ... The human gene ATP8B3 encodes the protein ATPase, aminophospholipid transporter, class I, type 8B, member 3. ...
ATP10A
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type cation transport ATPases, and to the subfamily of ... Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase VA also known as ATPase class V type 10A (ATP10A) or aminophospholipid translocase VA ... The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 5 (1): 31-9. doi ... The aminophospholipid translocases transport phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine from one side of a bilayer to ...
ATP1A4
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type cation transport ATPases, and to the subfamily of Na+/K+ - ... Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP1A4 gene. ... Na+/K+ -ATPase is an integral membrane protein responsible for establishing and maintaining the electrochemical gradients of Na ... These gradients are essential for osmoregulation, for sodium-coupled transport of a variety of organic and inorganic molecules ...
Cav1.2
transmembrane transport. • calcium ion transport. • regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential. • embryonic ... Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit (also known as Cav1.2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by ... regulation of ion transmembrane transport. • ion transport. • calcium-mediated signaling using extracellular calcium source. • ... Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective Wikipedia articles. [§ 1] ...
Superoxide dismutase
... identified a protein that later became known as superoxide dismutase as an indophenol oxidase by protein analysis of starch ... In a series of such reactions, the oxidation state and the charge of the metal cation oscillates between n and n+1: +1 and +2 ... when it absorbs an excited electron released from compounds of the electron transport chain. Superoxide is known to denature ... SOD1 is an extremely stable protein. In the holo form (both copper and zinc bound) the melting point is , 90 °C. In the apo ...
Pentamidine
Distribution: When injected, pentamidine binds to tissues and proteins in the plasma. It accumulates in the kidney, liver, ... TCN-213; Cations: Hydrogen. *Magnesium. *Zinc; Alcohols/volatile anesthetics/related: Benzene. *Butane ... Pentamidine is brought into the mitochondria through carrier proteins, and the absence of these carriers prevents the drug from ... phospholipid and protein synthesis.[9][19] Pentamidine binds to adenine-thymine-rich regions of the Trypanosoma parasite DNA, ...
Gitelman syndrome
This increases the reabsorption of divalent cations by secondary active transport. It is currently unknown why calcium ... More than 180 mutations of this transporter protein have been described.[1] This cell membrane protein participates in the ... A model of transport mechanisms in the distal convoluted tubule. Sodium chloride (NaCl) enters the cell via the apical thiazide ... These transport mechanisms play a role in familial hypokalemia-hypomagnesemia or Gitelman's syndrome. ...
Glossary of biology
active transport. Transport of a substance (such as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient ... the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, and the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a ... A form of active transport in which a cell transports molecules such as proteins into the cell's interior by engulfing them in ... A form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules out of the cell by expelling them through an ...
Phosphatidic acid
... anchored proteins: GPI-anchored proteins in liposomes and cells show similar behavior". Proceedings of the National Academy of ... A major event in the budding of vesicles, such as transport carriers from the Golgi, is the creation and subsequent narrowing ... Thus in vitro, physiological changes in pH, temperature, and cation concentrations have strong effects on the membrane ... The roles of lysoPA, PA, and DAG in promoting membrane curvature do not preclude a role in recruiting proteins to the membrane ...
Factor X
Contributions of protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions toward complex formation". The Journal of Biological ... ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport. • blood coagulation, extrinsic pathway. Sources:Amigo / QuickGO. ... The affinity of this protein for factor Xa is increased 1000-fold by the presence of protein Z, while it does not require ... protein binding. • serine-type peptidase activity. • serine-type endopeptidase activity. • phospholipid binding. • hydrolase ...
Adenozin trifosfat - Wikipedija, prosta enciklopedija
Metabolizem, sinteza in aktivni transport[uredi , uredi kodo]. ATP se v celici porablja za procese, ki zahtevajo energijo ( ... Prisotnost magnezija zmanjša Kd ATP za vezavo na protein, ne da bi to vplivalo na sposobnost encima za katalizo reakcije, ko je ... Wilson J, Chin A (1991). "Chelation of divalent cations by ATP, studied by titration calorimetry". Anal Biochem 193 (1): 16-9. ... Lin X, Ayrapetov M, Sun G (2005). "Characterization of the interactions between the active site of a protein tyrosine kinase ...
NMDA receptor
... which contain residues that can be directly modified by a series of protein kinases and protein phosphatases, as well as ... The NMDA receptor is a non-specific cation channel that can allow the passage of Ca2+ and Na+ into the cell and K+ out of the ... This information is then transported to the nucleus. Phosphorylation of Jacob does not take place with extrasynaptic NMDA ... The NMDA receptor is a glutamate and ion channel protein receptor that is activated when glycine and glutamate bind to it.[2] ...
اتیلن - ویکیپدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
Ethylene is perceived by a family of five transmembrane protein dimers such as the ETR1 protein in Arabidopsis. The genes ... Interference with auxin transport (with high auxin concentrations). *Inhibits shoot growth and stomatal closing except in some ... The effects of salinity have been studied on Arabidopsis plants that have mutated ERS1 and EIN4 proteins.[36] These proteins ... Central membrane proteins in plants, such as ETO2, ERS1 and EIN2, are used for ethylene signaling in many plant growth ...
Semipermeable membrane
The signaling molecules bind to proteins, which alters the protein.[3] A message is sent into the cell and a specific cellular ... passive transport or active transport.[dubious - discuss] The rate of passage depends on the pressure, concentration, and ... Other types of semipermeable membranes are cation exchange membrane (CEM), charge mosaic membrane (CMM), bipolar membrane (BPM ... A cell membrane consists of proteins and phospholipids.[2] Signaling molecules send chemical messages to the proteins in the ...
Mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate carrier
Membrane proteins, carrier proteins: membrane transport proteins solute carrier (TC 2A). By group ... mitochondrial transport. • thiamine pyrophosphate transport. • thiamine transmembrane transport. • transport. Sources:Amigo / ... deoxynucleotide transport. • transmembrane transport. • thiamine-containing compound metabolic process. • ... This membrane protein-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.. *v ...
Carbon monoxide
With borane CO forms the adduct H3BCO, which is isoelectronic with the acetylium cation [H3CCO]+. CO reacts with sodium to give ... CooA is a carbon monoxide sensor protein.[45] The scope of its biological role is still unknown; it may be part of a signaling ... Due to its long lifetime in the mid-troposphere, carbon monoxide is also used as tracer of transport for pollutant plumes.[56] ... the nitrosonium cation and molecular nitrogen. In coordination complexes the carbon monoxide ligand is called carbonyl. ...
Surfactant
Transport properties Irisations Maths Applications Fun Surfactants. Micelles, HLB. Surface rheology, adsorption. Langmuir ... The cationic part is based on primary, secondary, or tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium cations. The anionic part can be ... Milder detergents such as octyl thioglucoside, octyl glucoside or dodecyl maltoside are used to solubilize membrane proteins ... This process maintains a matrix of proteins that preserves the structure of the organ and often the microvascular network. The ...
Photosynthesis
"Molecular mechanism of SRP-dependent light-harvesting protein transport to the thylakoid membrane in plants". Photosynthesis ... it initially functions to generate a chemiosmotic potential by pumping proton cations (H+) across the membrane and into the ... In such proteins, the pigments are arranged to work together. Such a combination of proteins is also called a light-harvesting ... Electron transport chain and ATP synthesis (thylakoid membranes). microsecond to millisecond 4. Carbon fixation and export of ...
Diglyceride
Protein kinase C activation[edit]. PIP2 cleavage to IP3 and DAG initiates intracellular calcium release and PKC activation. ... an activator of a subfamily of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) cation channels, TRPC3/6/7. ... Dietary sources of fatty acids, their digestion, absorption, transport in the blood and storage ... transport in the blood and storage for more detail.) Diacylglycerol is a precursor to triacylglycerol (triglyceride), which is ...
Microbial biodegradation
Bioavailability, chemotaxis, and transport of pollutants[edit]. Bioavailability, or the amount of a substance that is ... O'Loughlin et al. (2000)[8] showed that, with the exception of kaolinite clay, most soil clays and cation exchange resins ... it is necessary to consider various microorganisms having a variety of genomes and expressed transcripts and proteins. A great ... 2008). "Bioavailability, Chemotaxis, and Transport of Organic Pollutants". Microbial Biodegradation: Genomics and Molecular ...
AMPA receptor
Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) are a family proteins that associate with AMPA receptors and control ... NMDARs can open only when a depolarization from the AMPAR activation leads to repulsion of the Mg2+ cation out into the ... Once AMPA receptors are transported to the perisynaptic region through PKA or SAP97 phosphorylation, receptors are then ... parts of the protein that pass through the plasma membrane), proteins interacting with the subunit indicated that the N- ...
Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Two broad classes of theories have emerged: (1) Changes in protein phosphorylation, gene expression, and protein translation ... MATs are able to transport monoamines other than their "native" neurotransmitter. It was advised to consider the role of the ... organic cation transporters (OCT) and the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT). To examine the role of monoamine ...
RNA interference
In fission yeast this complex contains argonaute, a chromodomain protein Chp1, and a protein called Tas3 of unknown function.[ ... However, transporting siRNA across the cell membrane still has its own unique challenges. If siRNA is transferred across the ... end of the RNA strand enters a conserved basic surface pocket and makes contacts through a divalent cation (an atom with two ... This ancestral RNAi system probably contained at least one dicer-like protein, one argonaute, one PIWI protein, and an RNA- ...
Thorium
"Evaluation of nuclear criticality safety data and limits for actinides in transport" (PDF). Institut de radioprotection et de ... the solutions of thorium salts are dominated by this cation.[55] The Th4+ ion is the largest of the tetrapositive actinide ions ... "Engineered Recognition of Tetravalent Zirconium and Thorium by Chelator-Protein Systems: Toward Flexible Radiotherapy and ...
Magnesium in biology
... multiple simultaneous interactions with the transport protein at this level might significantly retard the ion in the transport ... Once in the cytoplasmic space of root cells Mg2+, along with the other cations, is probably transported radially into the stele ... ProteinsEdit. The Mg2+ ion tends to bind only weakly to proteins (Ka ≤ 105[46]) and this can be exploited by the cell to switch ... To date, only the ZntA protein of Paramecium has been shown to be a Mg2+ channel.[66] The mechanisms of Mg2+ transport by the ...
Mass spectrometry
Protein characterizationEdit. Main article: Protein mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry is an important method for the ... Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) sources are used primarily for cation analysis of a wide array of sample types. In this source ... The ions are then transported by magnetic or electric fields to the mass analyzer. ... The top-down approach however is largely limited to low-throughput single-protein studies. In the second, proteins are ...
Thiamine
Two members of the SLC gene family of transporter proteins, SLC19A2 and SLC19A3, are capable of the thiamine transport.[18] In ... Skeletal formula and ball-and-stick model of the cation in thiamine ... Bound to serum proteinsEdit. The majority of thiamine in serum is bound to proteins, mainly albumin. Approximately 90% of total ... A specific binding protein called thiamine-binding protein (TBP) has been identified in rat serum and is believed to be a ...
Hydroponics
... nitrate anions are often consumed rapidly by plants to form proteins, leaving an excess of cations in solution.[8] This cation ... Too much and the plant will be unable to access oxygen; too little and the plant will lose the ability to transport nutrients, ... Coir has a high cation exchange, meaning it can store unused minerals to be released to the plant as and when it requires it. ... Unlike soil, hydroponic nutrient solutions do not have cation-exchange capacity (CEC) from clay particles or organic matter. ...
Hydrolysis
However, proteases do not catalyse the hydrolysis of all kinds of proteins. Their action is stereo-selective: Only proteins ... a b Baes, C.F.; Mesmer, R.E. The Hydrolysis of Cations, (1976), Wiley, New York ... and the active transport of ions and molecules across cell membranes. The energy derived from the oxidation of nutrients is not ... Therefore, proteins that do not fit into the crevice will not undergo hydrolysis. This specificity preserves the integrity of ...
Sodium hydroxide
It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+. and hydroxide anions OH−. . ... It also hydrolyzes the proteins such as those found in hair which may block water pipes. These reactions are sped by the heat ... In 1986, an aluminium road tanker in the UK was mistakenly used to transport 25% sodium hydroxide solution,[24] causing ... It can dissolve grease, oils, fats and protein-based deposits. It is also used for cleaning waste discharge pipes under sinks ...
Acetylcysteine
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators • Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators ... Protein binding. 50 to 83%[2]. Metabolism. Liver[2]. Elimination half-life. 5.6 hours[3]. ... TCN-213; Cations: Hydrogen. *Magnesium. *Zinc; Alcohols/volatile anesthetics/related: Benzene. *Butane ...
TRPC6
protein binding. • actin binding. • calcium channel activity. • cation channel activity. • protein homodimerization activity. • ... cation transport. • ion transport. • single fertilization. • platelet activation. • positive regulation of ion transmembrane ... Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6, also known as TRPC6, is a human gene encoding a protein of ... manganese ion transport. • cellular response to hypoxia. • calcium ion transport. • cellular response to hydrogen peroxide. • ...
Inositol trisphosphate receptor
The initial sequencing was reported as an unknown protein enriched in the cerebellum called P400.[5] The large size of this ... and soon thereafter it was confirmed that the protein p400 was in fact the inositol trisphosphate receptor.[6] ... "Nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding P400 protein in the mouse cerebellum". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (13): 5385-6. doi:10.1093/ ... "Primary structure and functional expression of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-binding protein P400". Nature. 342 (6245): 32- ...
cation-transporting ATPase [Mycobacterium leprae Br4923] - Protein - NCBI
cation-transporting ATPase [Mycobacterium leprae Br4923]. * Record removed. The sequence YP_002503980 is 100% identical to WP_ ... that encode that identical protein.. Old YP_002503980.1 New WP_010908670.1 Identical proteins Re-annotation project ... Be aware that a NCBI nonredundant RefSeq protein (WP_) can be annotated on large numbers of bacterial genomes ...
Organic cation transport protein - Wikipedia
Atp13a5 - Probable cation-transporting ATPase 13A5 - Mus musculus (Mouse) - Atp13a5 gene & protein
... calcium-transporting ATPase activity, cellular calcium ion homeostasis ... Protein-protein interaction databases. STRING: functional protein association networks. More...STRINGi. 10090. ... Protein-protein interaction databases. STRING: functional protein association networks. More...STRINGi. 10090. ... Probable cation-transporting ATPase 13A5Add BLAST. 1216. Amino acid modifications. Feature key. Position(s). DescriptionActions ...
zntA - Cation transport ATPase - Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai (strain 56601) - zntA gene &...
... to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.,p>,a href=/help/protein_names target=_top>More...,/a>,/p>Protein namesi. ... Protein. Similar proteins. Organisms. Length. Cluster ID. Cluster name. Size. Q8F8G3. A0A0F6H897. Leptospira interrogans str. ... Protein. Similar proteins. Organisms. Length. Cluster ID. Cluster name. Size. Q8F8G3. I1XMH2. A0A1I4DNL7. A0A0E4CUC5. ... Protein. Similar proteins. Organisms. Length. Cluster ID. Cluster name. Size. Q8F8G3. A0A0C5X7M5. UPI0003454B32. UPI000773B3F2 ...
Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1
Active transport governed by transport proteins plays an important role in this process. A vast number of transport proteins ... The liver-specific organic cation transport protein (OCT1; SLC22A1) transports several cationic drugs including the ... In addition, the gene and protein expression of transport proteins in cell lines, widely used for predictions of drug transport ... Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1. Ahlin, Gustav ...
Cation Transport Proteins | ISHAR Online
These methyl-CpG binding proteins (MBPs) have key biological roles and can be classified into three structural families: methyl ... Mitoferrin 1 and mitoferrin 2, two homologues proteins belonging to the mitochondrial solute carrier family, are required for ... Ascorbic acid offsets the inhibitory effect of bioactive dietary polyphenolic compounds on transepithelial iron transport in ... hypothesised that hyperthermia increases cisplatin accumulation and efficacy by modulating function of copper transport protein ...
Organic Cation Transport Proteins | Colorado PROFILES
"Organic Cation Transport Proteins" by people in this website by year, and whether "Organic Cation Transport Proteins" was a ... A family of proteins involved in the transport of organic cations. They play an important role in the elimination of a variety ... "Organic Cation Transport Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH ... Organic Cation Transport Proteins*Organic Cation Transport Proteins. *Membrane Transport-Proteins, Organic Cation ...
Cation-transporting P-type ATPase A (ctpA) recombinant protein product blog
... recombinant protein product: The ctpA ctpa (Catalog #MBS1229137) is a Recombinant Protein produced from E Coli or Yeast or ... Blog on Cation-transporting P-type ATPase A (ctpA) ... Cation-transporting P-type ATPase A (ctpA); Cation-transporting ... Cation-transporting P-type ATPase A (ctpA) recombinant protein product blog Tags: Recombinant Protein; ... The ctpA ctpa (Catalog #MBS1229137) is a Recombinant Protein produced from E Coli or Yeast or Baculovirus or Mammalian Cell and ...
SLC22A25 solute carrier family 22 member 25 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
2A0119; cation transport protein. RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Homo sapiens Updated Annotation Release 109. The following ... MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of .... TIGR00898. Location:4 → 359 ... MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of .... TIGR00898. Location:11 → ... MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of .... TIGR00898. Location:11 → ...
Mammalian iron transporters: families SLC11 and SLC40
The NRAMP proteins of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli are selective manganese transporters involved in the response...
... natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins) have been characterized in mammals as divalent transition metal transporters ... Carrier Proteins / genetics * Carrier Proteins / metabolism* * Cation Transport Proteins* * Cloning, Molecular * DNA, Bacterial ... Monovalent cations, osmotic strength, Mg2+ and Ca2+ did not inhibit 54Mn2+ uptake. Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ inhibited uptake with ... Both S. typhimurium and E. coli MntH also transport 55Fe2+ however, the Kms are equivalent to the Kis for Fe2+ inhibition of ...
Slc22a2 MGI Mouse Gene Detail - MGI:1335072 - solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 2
IPR004749 Organic cation transport protein/SVOP. IPR005829 Sugar transporter, conserved site. Molecular. Reagents ... J:47780 Koehler MR, et al., The two human organic cation transporter genes SLC22A1 and SLC22A2 are located on chromosome 6q26. ... J:236752 Sprowl JA, et al., A phosphotyrosine switch regulates organic cation transporters. Nat Commun. 2016 Mar 16;7:10880 ... No significant defects in the renal secretion of a model organic cation are observed. ...
Slc22a5 MGI Mouse Gene Detail - MGI:1329012 - solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 5
Francois M. Lutzoni, Professor of Biology and Curator of Lichens, Duke Herbarium
Cation Transport Proteins • Chlorophyta • Chytridiomycota • Classification • Cluster Analysis • Computational Biology • ... and two protein-coding genes, Mycologia, vol. 98 no. 6 (2006), pp. 1090-1103, ISSN 0027-5514 [17486983] [abs] *Paoletti, M; ... Fungal Proteins • Fungi • Gene Expression • Gene Rearrangement • Gene Transfer, Horizontal • Genes, Fungal • Genes, Mating Type ...
EMBL: CP002049.PE239
... potassium uptake protein, TrkH FT family; PFAM: Cation transport protein; TIGRFAM: potassium FT uptake protein, TrkH family" FT ... "potassium uptake protein, TrkH family" FT /EC_number="3.6.3.14" FT /note="COGs: COG0168 Trk-type K+ transport systems membrane ... transporting two-sector ATPase; SPTR: Q1IY06 K+ FT transporter Trk; TIGRFAM: ... FT components; InterPro IPR004772:IPR003445; KEGG: FT dge:Dgeo_1583 K+ transporter trk; PFAM: cation transporter; FT PRIAM: H ...
Losartan and its metabolite E3174 modify cardiac delayed rectifier K(+) currents.
0/Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; 0/Antihypertensive Agents; 0/Cation Transport Proteins; 0/DNA-Binding Proteins; 0/ERG protein, human ... Cation Transport Proteins*. DNA-Binding Proteins*. Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels. Guinea Pigs. Heart / drug effects*. Heart ... 0/ERG1 potassium channel; 0/Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels; 0/Imidazoles; 0/KCNA5 protein, human; 0/KCNH6 protein, human; 0/ ...
MEDLINE - Resultado p gina 1
0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Blood Proteins); 0 (Cation Transport Proteins); 0 (Hepcidins); 0 (Neuroprotective Agents); 0 ( ... metal transporting protein 1); 0 (solute carrier family 11- (proton-coupled divalent metal ion transporters), member 2); ... Overall, our study demonstrated that EGCG regulated the iron-export protein ferroportin in substantia nigra, reduced oxidative ... 0 (Interferon Type I); 0 (Nr4a1 protein, mouse); 0 (Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1); 0 (Phenylacetates); 0 ( ...
Localization of ammonia transporter Rhcg1 in mitochondrion-rich cells of yolk sac, gill, and kidney of zebrafish and its ionic...
Members of the Rh glycoprotein family have been shown to be involved in ammonia transport in a variety of species. Here we show ... 0/Cation Transport Proteins; 0/RNA, Messenger; 0/Rhcg1 protein, zebrafish; 0/Zebrafish Proteins; 147336-22-9/Green Fluorescent ... Cation Transport Proteins / chemistry, genetics*, metabolism*. Gene Expression Regulation. Gills / cytology*. Green Fluorescent ... Protein Transport. RNA, Messenger / genetics, metabolism. Water / chemistry. Yolk Sac / cytology*. Zebrafish. Zebrafish ...
MEDLINE - Resultado p gina 1
Organic Cation Transport Proteins); 0 (SLCO1A2 protein, human); 0 (Slco1b2 protein, mouse); 80168379AG (Doxorubicin). ... 0 (Organic Anion Transport Protein 1); 0 (Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent); 0 (organic anion transport protein 3 ... 0 (ABCC4 protein, human); 0 (Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins); 0 (Organic Anion Transport Protein 1); 0 (Organic Anion ... 0 (CCL2 protein, human); 0 (Chemokine CCL2); 0 (Cresols); 0 (Organic Anion Transport Protein 1); 0 (Organic Anion Transporters ...
Nutrient transport suggests an evolutionary basis for charged archaeal surface layer proteins | The ISME Journal
Here, we offer a rationale for charged S-layer proteins in the context of the structural evolution of S-layers. Using the ... Despite exceptional sequence diversity, S-layer proteins (SLPs) share important characteristics such as their ability to form ... How, then, would cation-selective nanopores transport nitrite, the metabolic end product of AOA [22], out of the PPS? ... Nutrient transport suggests an evolutionary basis for charged archaeal surface layer proteins. *Po-Nan Li ORCID: orcid.org/0000 ...
ATP13A2 Gene - GeneCards | AT132 Protein | AT132 Antibody
Protein Coding), ATPase Cation Transporting 13A2, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression ... Protein Symbol:. Q9NQ11-AT132_HUMAN. Recommended name:. Cation-transporting ATPase 13A2. Protein Accession:. Q9NQ11. Secondary ... Probable cation-transporting ATPase 13A2) ELISA and Immunotag™ Probable cation-transporting ATPase 13A2 ELISA Kit ... ATP13A2 (ATPase Cation Transporting 13A2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with ATP13A2 include Kufor-Rakeb ...
nickel cation transmembrane transport Antibodies | Invitrogen
...
TRPM1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
This protein acts as a channel, transporting positively charged atoms (cations) into cells. Learn about this gene and related ... The TRPM1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member ... This protein acts as a channel, transporting positively charged atoms (cations) into cells. The TRPM1 channel is found on the ... The TRPM1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member ...
Noninvasive lithium monitoring. - Free Online Library
Lithium is a non-protein-bound cation and is transported mainly by electromigration. As it is a small ion with high mobility ... High protein binding can hinder analyte extraction. Because a noninvasive tool to monitor glycemia in diabetic patients would ... The mechanisms of drug transport are based on electromigration of charged molecules and/or electroosmosis (1). As iontophoresis ...
Team:Newcastle/Agendas/1 February 2010 - 2010.igem.org
TCDB » SEARCH
Synthesis of the fluorescent probe zymosan-FF6. Step | Open-i
Carrier Proteins/metabolism*. *Cation Transport Proteins*. *Intracellular Membranes/drug effects/metabolism*. *Iron-Binding ... suggesting that divalent metal transport through Nramp1 is H(+) dependent.Such cations are likely essential for microbial ... suggesting that divalent metal transport through Nramp1 is H(+) dependent.Such cations are likely essential for microbial ... Quenching of the probe by Mn(2+) was used to monitor the flux of divalent cations across the phagosomal membrane in peritoneal ...
Proteins matched: ATPASE E1 E2 (PS00154) | InterPro | EMBL-EBI
We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their ... InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites ... Protein name. Species. Domain architecture. A0A0P0X004 Cation-transporting ATPase HMA5. Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice). ... Potassium-transporting ATPase ATP-binding subunit. Listeria welshimeri serovar 6b (strain ATCC 35897 / DSM 20650 / SLCC5334). ...
Memantine hydrochloride Lupin 5mg, 10 mg, 15 mg & 20 mg film-coated tablets, titration pack - Summary of Product...
Renal handling also involves tubular reabsorption, probably mediated by cation transport proteins. The renal elimination rate ... About 45% of memantine is bound to plasma-proteins.. Biotransformation: In man, about 80% of the circulating memantine-related ... quinine and nicotine that use the same renal cationic transport system as amantadine may also possibly interact with memantine ...
Four Cation-Selective Transporters Contribute to Apical Uptake and Accumulation of Metformin in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers |...
Hence, other proteins known to transport cations were considered, and SERT was chosen for further investigation for reasons ... The other choline transport proteins, CTL1-5, which are highly expressed in the intestine, are not inhibited by HC3 at 1 µM (IC ... 2009) Transport of dicationic drugs pentamidine and furamidine by human organic cation transporters. Drug Metab Dispos 37:424- ... 1). This finding is highly significant in that it rules out metformin transport by one of the most highly expressed AP cation- ...
TransporterTransportersATPaseMannose-6-phosphNatural resistance-associated macrophage proteinMetabolismATPasesGenesMonovalent cationsMeSHAnionMolecularSLC22A1BacterialHomeostasisUptakeInteractionsSubstrateOuter membraneDiffusion facilitatorSubfamilyPeptidesCellularKinaseSequenceSuperfamilyFamily of proteinsIonsMembranesCell membraneOCT1BindsPathwaysSolute carrierPutativeComplexesRegulatory proteinsBovine serum aNucleotideRegulationMediatesCellsRenalSubstancesStructuralIntegral membraneTransmembrane proteinsGenomicRecombinantMembrane-localizedAmino AcidsProtonAntiporterMechanism
Transporter18
- Solute carrier 11A1 (SLC11A1) is a divalent ion transporter formerly known as the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP1) and the Bcg/Lsh/Ity locus. (isharonline.org)
- Gasser PJ, Lowry CA. Organic cation transporter 3: A cellular mechanism underlying rapid, non-genomic glucocorticoid regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission, physiology, and behavior. (ucdenver.edu)
- Metformin Accumulation Correlates with Organic Cation Transporter 2 Protein Expression and Predicts Mammary Tumor Regression In Vivo. (ucdenver.edu)
- Novel slc22 transporter homologs in fly, worm, and human clarify the phylogeny of organic anion and cation transporters. (nih.gov)
- The two human organic cation transporter genes SLC22A1 and SLC22A2 are located on chromosome 6q26. (jax.org)
- Transported through organic cation transporter. (igem.org)
- Natural resistance to intracellular infections: natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) functions as a pH-dependent manganese transporter at the phagosomal membrane. (nih.gov)
- To define whether Nramp1 functions as a transporter at the phagosomal membrane, a divalent cation-sensitive fluorescent probe was designed and covalently attached to a porous particle. (nih.gov)
- The SLC22A5 gene codes for a plasma integral membrane protein which functions as both an organic cation transporter and a sodium-dependent high affinity carnitine transporter. (wikipedia.org)
- CNRZ397-derived mutants were all deficient for glucose, fructose, and mannose utilization, indicating that these three sugars are probably transported via a unique mannose-specific-enzyme-II-like transporter. (asm.org)
- Uptake and distribution of cationic nutrients mainly relies on membrane-localized cation transporter proteins. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- Han TK, Everett RS, Proctor WR et al (2013) Organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1/mOct1) is localized in the apical membrane of Caco-2 cell monolayers and enterocytes. (springer.com)
- A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter ) is a protein involved in the movement of ions , small molecules, or macromolecules, such as another protein across a biological membrane . (wikidoc.org)
- The uniporter is also often included as a category of chemiosmotic transporter, although a uniporter can also be considered a facilitated diffusion protein on the basis of function. (wikidoc.org)
- The S. pombe protein may be structurally related to the unknown human pyridoxine transporter, which is also inhibited by amiloride. (asm.org)
- The encoded protein is an organic cation transporter and plasma integral membrane protein containing eleven putative transmembrane domains as well as a nucleotide-binding site motif. (abnova.com)
- Regulation of human organic anion transporter 1 by ANG II: involvement of protein kinase Calpha. (semanticscholar.org)
- Protein kinase C activation downregulates human organic anion transporter 1-mediated transport through carrier internalization. (semanticscholar.org)
Transporters23
- This family of proteins can also transport zwitterions and anions, though it is a different subfamily of solute carrier proteins than the organic anion transporters. (wikipedia.org)
- NRAMPs (natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins) have been characterized in mammals as divalent transition metal transporters involved in iron metabolism and host resistance to certain pathogens. (nih.gov)
- A phosphotyrosine switch regulates organic cation transporters. (jax.org)
- The organic anion-transporting polypeptides represent an important family of drug uptake transporters that mediate the cellular uptake of a broad range of substrates including numerous drugs. (bireme.br)
- Here, we investigated the role of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) transporters to the disposition of doxorubicin. (bireme.br)
- Interestingly, transwell assays using Madin-Darby canine kidney II cell line cells stably expressing specific uptake and/or efflux transporters revealed that OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP1A2, either alone or in combination with MDR1, significantly transported doxorubicin. (bireme.br)
- Such polyspecific organic cation transporters in the liver, kidney, intestine, and other organs are critical for the elimination of many endogenous small organic cations as well as a wide array of drugs and environmental toxins. (wikipedia.org)
- Characterization of PTS transporters is of interest since (i) PTS sugars are often preferred carbon sources, and (ii) PTS enzymes like HPr exert regulatory functions affecting the catabolism of other sugars via a control of transport and/or glycolytic activities ( 15 , 31 ). (asm.org)
- As anti-malarials are generally positively charged at physiological pH, they are likely to interact with human organic cation transporters 1 and 2 (OCT1 and OCT2). (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, the interaction with organic cation transporters was studied, as anti-malarials are positively charged at physiological pH. (biomedcentral.com)
- The most striking characteristics associated with H. werneckii are the large genetic redundancy, the expansion of genes encoding metal cation transporters, and a relatively recent whole genome duplication. (frontiersin.org)
- Cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) proteins are a conserved family of transmembrane transporters that ensure cellular homeostasis of divalent transition metal cations. (bioportfolio.com)
- Abstract BACKGROUND: Solute carriers (SLCs), in particular organic cation transporters (OCTs), have been implicated in the cellular uptake of platinum-containing anticancer compounds. (eur.nl)
- both of these latter proteins are members of a growing family of prokaryotic zinc transporters. (asm.org)
- Structure of renal organic anion and cation transporters. (semanticscholar.org)
- Quantitative interactome data demonstrated the spatial proximity of two metal ion transporters of the ZIP family, ZIP6 and ZIP10, to mammalian prion proteins in vivo. (scienceblogs.com)
- However, another explanation suggests that point-mutated AE1 could regulate a cation leak through other transporters. (hindawi.com)
- Moreover, the transport features of some of these AE1 mutants lead to another interpretation, that is, cation leak is due to the activation of endogenous Na + and K + transporters (or channels) in red cell membrane by mutated AE1 [ 23 , 24 , 26 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Renal tumours in a Tsc1+/- mouse model show epigenetic suppression of organic cation transporters Slc22a1, Slc22a2 and Slc22a3, and do not respond to metformin. (ox.ac.uk)
- Metformin, a substrate of several poly-specific organic cation transporters, is a widely used biguanide for the treatment of type II diabetes. (ox.ac.uk)
- Surprisingly, the expression of the organic cation transporters Slc22a1, Slc22a2 and Slc22a3 essential for the cellular uptake of metformin was highly suppressed in renal tumours. (ox.ac.uk)
- These data suggest that the epigenetic suppression of the organic cation transporters in Tsc-associated mouse renal tumours may contribute to the lack of response to metformin treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
- The yeast Alr1 and Alr2 proteins were the first eukaryotic Mg transporters identified. (genetics.org)
ATPase9
- ATP13A2 (ATPase Cation Transporting 13A2) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
- Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include nucleotide binding and cation-transporting ATPase activity . (genecards.org)
- ATPase that plays a role in intracellular cation homeostasis and the maintenance of neuronal integrity (PubMed:22186024). (genecards.org)
- Auf www.antikoerper-online.de finden Sie aktuell 88 ATPase, Ca++ Transporting, Type 2C, Member 1 (ATP2C1) Antikörper von 22 unterschiedlichen Herstellern. (antikoerper-online.de)
- The membrane spanning component changes configuration with the aid of chemical energy input (often through the use of an associated ATPase protein), thus translocating the chemical from one side of the membrane to the other. (wikidoc.org)
- It binds and transports cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. (bioportfolio.com)
- Functional studies of various Cu + -ATPases have characterized the Cu + transport, Cu + -dependent ATPase activity, phosphorylation, and dephosphorylation partial reactions ( 5 , 13 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ - 19 ). (pnas.org)
- Catalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. (nih.gov)
- 17 ) have shown that NH 4 + is transported by the colonic H + /K + -ATPase of the rat expressed in Xenopus oocytes. (physiology.org)
Mannose-6-phosph2
Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein2
- Mutations at the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) locus cause susceptibility to infection with antigenically unrelated intracellular pathogens. (nih.gov)
- To explore the potential role of natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, (human leukocyte antigen, (HLA-DRB1) HLA)-DRB1 gene, and HLA-DQB1 gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) in the Chinese Kazakh population. (cdc.gov)
Metabolism3
- In addition, the gene and protein expression of transport proteins in cell lines, widely used for predictions of drug transport and metabolism, was examined. (diva-portal.org)
- The causative genes have implicated proteins with diverse functions such as protein misfolding ( HSPB1, HSPB8, BSCL2 ), RNA metabolism ( IGHMBP2, SETX, GARS ), axonal transport ( HSPB1, DYNC1H1, DCTN1 ) and cation-channel dysfunction ( ATP7A and TRPV4 ) in motor-nerve disease. (bmj.com)
- In contrast, upregulation of proteins related to cardiac metabolism occurs at later time points. (ugent.be)
ATPases9
- This gene encodes a member of the P5 subfamily of ATPases which transports inorganic cations as well as other substrates. (genecards.org)
- The predicted protein encoded by the RAN1 gene is similar to the Wilson and Menkes disease proteins and yeast Ccc2 protein, which are integral membrane cation-transporting P-type ATPases involved in copper trafficking. (plantcell.org)
- Other systems, such as copper transport ATPases and metallothionein cation-binding proteins, are only known from chromosomal genes. (wikigenes.org)
- Some of the efflux systems are ATPases and others are chemiosmotic cation/proton antiporters. (wikigenes.org)
- As in other P-type ATPases, metal binding to transmembrane metal-binding sites (TM-MBS) in Cu + -ATPases is required for enzyme phosphorylation and subsequent transport. (pnas.org)
- However, Cu + does not access Cu + -ATPases in a free (hydrated) form but is bound to a chaperone protein. (pnas.org)
- These data are consistent with a model where MBDs serve a regulatory function without participating in metal transport and the chaperone delivers Cu + directly to transmembrane transport sites of Cu + -ATPases. (pnas.org)
- The Cu + -ATPases transport cycle follows the classical E1/E2 Albers-Post model ( 10 ⇓ - 12 ). (pnas.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type cation transport ATPases, and to the subfamily of aminophospholipid-transporting ATPases. (nih.gov)
Genes8
- The genes are designated mntH because the two enterobacterial NRAMPs encode H+-stimulated, highly selective manganese(II) transport systems, accounting for all Mn2+ uptake in each species under the conditions tested. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, the genome of W. ichthyophaga is very compact, as only 4884 protein-coding genes are predicted, which cover almost three quarters of the sequence. (frontiersin.org)
- 5) Each step is characterized by a different repertoire of G protein-coupled receptors, with five nucleotide receptors as novel M2-associated genes. (jimmunol.org)
- A genetic screen in search of mutations in protein kinase-encoding genes able to suppress multiple phenotypic traits caused by the ptc1 deletion yielded a single gene, MKK1 , coding for a MAPK kinase (MAPKK) known to activate the cell-wall integrity (CWI) Slt2 MAPK. (genetics.org)
- The three pairs of SNZ - SNO genes present in S. cerevisiae have a divergent orientation and have a promoter in common, allowing coordinated synthesis of the proteins, which are known to form a multimeric complex ( 5 , 9 , 30 , 32 ). (asm.org)
- Immediately after the induction of σ H , genes belonging to the functional categories "virulence/detoxification" and "regulatory proteins" were induced in large numbers. (asm.org)
- σ H directs the transcription of 31 genes, including those which encode extracytoplasmic function σ factors σ E and σ B and proteins involved in the maintenance of intrabacterial reducing capacity ( 25 , 30 ). (asm.org)
- The level of sequence homology and the presence of prion protein genes in most chordate species place the split from the ZIP-like ancestor gene at the base of the chordate lineage. (scienceblogs.com)
Monovalent cations4
- Monovalent cations, osmotic strength, Mg2+ and Ca2+ did not inhibit 54Mn2+ uptake. (nih.gov)
- Transports monovalent cations ( Hyser and Estes 2015 ). (tcdb.org)
- The 6K viroporin transports monovalent cations and Ca 2+ ( Hyser and Estes 2015 ). (tcdb.org)
- Ion channels that are regulated by cyclic GMP or cyclic AMP binding and contain six transmembrane segments and an ion conducting pore that passes monovalent cations. (harvard.edu)
MeSH1
- Organic Cation Transport Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ucdenver.edu)
Anion6
- Contribution of Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptides 1A/1B to Doxorubicin Uptake and Clearance. (bireme.br)
- Some porins are cation-selective, others are anion-selective and still others are selective for specific compounds (e.g., sugars, nucleotides, phosphate, pyrophosphate). (tcdb.org)
- β-barrel membrane proteins perform a variety of functions, such as mediating non-specific, passive transport of ions and small molecules, selectively passing molecules like maltose and sucrose, and can form voltage dependent anion channels. (tcdb.org)
- Protein kinase C regulation of organic anion transport in renal proximal tubule. (semanticscholar.org)
- Missense mutations in the erythroid band 3 protein (Anion Exchanger 1) have been associated with hereditary stomatocytosis. (hindawi.com)
- Band 3 or anion exchanger 1 (AE1) is the major red cell membrane protein. (hindawi.com)
Molecular6
- The molecular architecture of a 2D crystalline protein barrier with nano-scale pores necessarily affects the diffusion behavior of low-concentration solutes even if they are significantly smaller than the pore size [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. (nature.com)
- Secondly, we have been investigating the molecular determinants that help to define the functionality of opsin proteins. (wpi.edu)
- The group of Henrik Dimke is part of the Epithelial Transport Section at the Cardiovascular and Renal Research unit , situated at the Department of Molecular Medicine at the University of Southern Denmark . (sdu.dk)
- In particular, we aim to understand the molecular regulation of divalent cation transport proteins such as the epithelial channels TRPV5 and TRPM6, which play key roles in renal Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport as well as the paracellular pore forming claudins. (sdu.dk)
- To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms involved in maintaining mineral balance, with special focus on the transport of the divalent cations calcium and magnesium in intestine and kidney, we have set up several approaches to study these specific areas utilizing various complex targeted transgenic strategies, histological and molecular biological techniques as well as human kidney isolates. (sdu.dk)
- It has been proposed that the molecular mechanism accounting for cation leaky red cells in these hereditary stomatocytoses was a change in AE1 transport properties induced by the point mutations. (hindawi.com)
SLC22A11
- SLC22A1) transports several cationic drugs including the antidiabetic drug metformin and the anticancer agents oxaliplatin and imatinib. (diva-portal.org)
Bacterial2
- Be aware that a NCBI nonredundant RefSeq protein (WP_) can be annotated on large numbers of bacterial genomes that encode that identical protein. (nih.gov)
- Three factors have made study of zinc transport in bacteria difficult, including the extremely low bacterial requirement for zinc, the nonspecific binding of zinc to bacterial surfaces, and the rapid exchange of zinc between intracellular and extracellular compartments. (asm.org)
Homeostasis3
- Despite the central role of this protein in cellular homeostasis, the mechanism of cation transport is not well understood. (wpi.edu)
- Therefore, protein phosphatases (PPases) are important regulators of protein kinases and cellular homeostasis. (genetics.org)
- suggesting that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic MIT proteins can respond directly to the cytosolic or matrix Mg concentration to promote homeostasis. (genetics.org)
Uptake6
- We hypothesised that hyperthermia increases cisplatin accumulation and efficacy by modulating function of copper transport protein 1 (Ctr1), a major regulator of cellular cisplatin uptake. (isharonline.org)
- Both S. typhimurium and E. coli MntH also transport 55Fe2+ however, the Kms are equivalent to the Kis for Fe2+ inhibition of Mn2+ uptake, and are thus too high to be physiologically relevant. (nih.gov)
- This protein is involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. (wikipedia.org)
- The encoded protein is involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine, transporting one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. (wikipedia.org)
- By some definitions, proteins that catalyze the ligation of phosphate or coenzyme groups to a catabolized chemical can be considered active transport proteins in that they drive the uptake of a chemical by maintaining a steep functional concentration gradient . (wikidoc.org)
- H(+)-stimulated, divalent metal cation uptake system. (rcsb.org)
Interactions17
- Investigation of drug-drug interactions at the transport protein level are therefore of increasing interest to the academic, industrial and regulatory research communities. (diva-portal.org)
- The substrate and inhibitor heterogeneity of many transport proteins makes it difficult to foresee whether the transport proteins will cause drug-drug interactions. (diva-portal.org)
- The highly polymorphic nature of some transport proteins has been shown to affect drug response and may lead to an increased risk of drug-drug interactions, and therefore, the OCT1 in vitro assay was used to study the effect of common genetic variants of OCT1 on drug inhibition and drug-drug interactions. (diva-portal.org)
- In vitro assays for two of the highest expressed liver transport proteins were used to identify previously unknown SLC transport protein inhibitors and to develop predictive in silico models, which may detect previously known drug-drug interactions and enable new ones to be identified at the transport protein level. (diva-portal.org)
- The pathway maps illustrate protein interactions and regulation to provide a comprehensive picture of signaling and disease processes. (bio-rad.com)
- Tannins, proteins, and divalent cations interactions are important for many processes in the food industry and human and animal nutrition and health. (bioportfolio.com)
- Asymmetric interactions of ATP with the AAA+ ClpX6 unfoldase: allosteric control of a protein machine. (umassmed.edu)
- and delineating the nature of interactions among various membrane proteins and between proteins and lipids. (bloodjournal.org)
- Here, we examine the protein-protein interactions required for regulation of an Aplysia bag cell neuron cation channel by a closely associated protein kinase C (PKC). (jneurosci.org)
- These data suggest that the cation channel-PKC association may require SH3 domain-mediated interactions to bring about modulation, promote membrane depolarization, and initiate prolonged changes in bag cell neuron excitability. (jneurosci.org)
- In general, protein-protein interactions between ion channels and protein kinases may be a prominent mechanism underlying neuromodulation. (jneurosci.org)
- The colocalization and targeting of kinases to ion channels requires a means of orchestrating protein-protein interactions. (jneurosci.org)
- In the present work, we investigate the interactions between a cation channel, which is responsible for prolonged changes in Aplysia bag cell neuron excitability, and a closely associated kinase. (jneurosci.org)
- To determine whether the association between the kinase and the cation channel involves specific forms of protein-protein interactions, we have tested the ability of different interaction domains and motifs to interfere with the functional link between channel and kinase in excised, inside-out patches. (jneurosci.org)
- Our data indicate that the cation channel-kinase "association" requires src homology 3 (SH3) domain protein-protein interactions, and that disruption of this interaction prevents channel modulation and attenuates the long-lasting depolarization produced by cation channel activation. (jneurosci.org)
- 1 Interactions of TLE1 and nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) are involved with inflammatory bowel disease. (bmj.com)
- No yeast two-hybrid interactions found for this protein. (yeastrc.org)
Substrate2
- As the substrate of both hOAT1 and hOAT3, the methotrexate transport was significantly inhibited by RAG in hOAT1 transfected cells at 50 M and hOAT3 transfected cells at 1 M by 69% and 87%, respectively. (bireme.br)
- Amodiaquine, proguanil, pyrimethamine and quinine were the most potent inhibitors of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)- N -methylpyridinium iodide (ASP) transport, a known substrate of OCT1/2, resulting in half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) of 11, 13, 1.6, and 3.4 µM, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Outer membrane4
- LbtU is an outer membrane protein consisting of a 16-stranded transmembrane β-barrel, multiple extracellular domains, and short periplasmic tails. (tcdb.org)
- Additionally, the data showed that the C terminus of BabA, which is predicted to encode an outer membrane β-barrel domain, plays an essential role in the biogenesis of this protein. (asm.org)
- The bacterium can bind to gastric epithelial cells with specialized outer membrane proteins. (asm.org)
- The H. pylori genome encodes a large number of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) ( 6 ). (asm.org)
Diffusion facilitator3
- Metal binding to the dynamic cytoplasmic domain of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein MamM induces a 'locked-in' configuration. (bioportfolio.com)
- 8] "Two different zinc transport complexes of cation diffusion facilitator proteins localized in the secretory pathway operate to activate alkaline phosphatases in vertebrate cells. (tcdb.org)
- 18] "Two different zinc transport complexes of cation diffusion facilitator proteins localized in the secretory pathway operate to activate alkaline phosphatases in vertebrate cells. (tcdb.org)
Subfamily2
- These proteins are members of the solute carrier family, subfamily 22. (wikipedia.org)
- The TRPM1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1). (medlineplus.gov)
Peptides1
- Ion-specific effects on peptides and proteins are key to biomolecular structure and stability. (bioportfolio.com)
Cellular4
- S-layer proteins (SLPs) are generally 40-200 kDa and represent up to 15% of total cellular protein production [ 4 ]. (nature.com)
- Importantly, there has been a significant increase in their hydrophobins, cell-wall proteins that have multiple cellular functions. (frontiersin.org)
- The Saccharomyces cerevisiae type 2C protein phosphatase Ptc1 is required for a wide variety of cellular functions, although only a few cellular targets have been identified. (genetics.org)
- In the more than twenty years since its discovery, both the phylogenetic origin and cellular function of the prion protein (PrP) have remained enigmatic. (scienceblogs.com)
Kinase6
- In putative intracellular domains, there are five potential sites for protein-kinase C-dependent phosphorylation and one for protein-kinase A-dependent phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
- In inside-out patches, the PKC-dependent enhancement of cation channel open probability could be prevented by the src homology 3 (SH3) domain, presumably by disrupting a link between the channel and the kinase. (jneurosci.org)
- Its activity is regulated in a redox-dependent manner by the antisigma factor RshA ( 50 ) as well as by the protein kinase PknB ( 38 ). (asm.org)
- Regulation of p-aminohippurate transport by protein kinase C in OK kidney epithelial cells. (semanticscholar.org)
- We studied the effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester which activates protein kinase C, on p-aminohippurate (PAH) transport in OK cells. (semanticscholar.org)
- Recent studies suggest that metformin attenuates mTORC1 signalling by the activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the presence or absence of a functional hamartin/tuberin (TSC1/TSC2) complex. (ox.ac.uk)
Sequence3
- Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed. (uniprot.org)
- Despite exceptional sequence diversity, S-layer proteins (SLPs) share important characteristics such as their ability to form crystalline sheets punctuated with nano-scale pores, and their propensity for charged amino acids, leading to acidic or basic isoelectric points. (nature.com)
- A subsequent bioinformatic analysis revealed the unexpected presence of a PrP-like amino acid sequence within the N-terminal, extracellular domain of a distinct sub-branch of the ZIP protein family that includes ZIP5, ZIP6 and ZIP10. (scienceblogs.com)
Superfamily2
- The structurally characterized members of this functional superfamily usually consist of homotrimeric proteins with subunits that are of 250-450 amino acyl residues in length. (tcdb.org)
- This gene encodes a member of the calcium/cation antiporter superfamily of transport proteins. (bio-rad.com)
Family of proteins1
- A family of proteins involved in the transport of organic cations. (ucdenver.edu)
Ions3
- It acts a symporter, moving sodium ions and other organic cations across the membrane along with carnitine. (wikipedia.org)
- Here, we report the design of a membrane-spanning, four-helical bundle that transports first-row transition metal ions Zn 2+ and Co 2+ , but not Ca 2+ , across membranes. (sciencemag.org)
- Prokaryotes typically use hydrogen ions as the driving force for chemiosmotic transport, while eukaryotes typically use sodium ions. (wikidoc.org)
Membranes5
- Drug transport across cells and cell membranes in the human body is crucial for the pharmacological effect of drugs. (diva-portal.org)
- Cardona T, Battchikova N, Zhang P, Stensjö K, Aro EM, Lindblad P, Magnuson A. Electron transfer protein complexes in the thylakoid membranes of heterocysts from the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme. (umassmed.edu)
- 4 This model has continually evolved over the past 80 years, thanks to a succession of seminal contributions that included outlining of the fluid mosaic model of the structure of cell membranes by Singer and Nicolson, 5 isolation of spectrin by Marchesi and Steers, 6 and the definition of the topology of red cell membrane proteins by Steck and colleagues. (bloodjournal.org)
- STOM is a membrane protein involved in regulation of monovalent cation transport through lipid membranes. (ptglab.com)
- Previous studies have shown, for instance, that these devices can detect both the disruption of integral cell layers and lipid membranes as well as specific cation migrations across ion-transporting proteins. (prolibraries.com)
Cell membrane4
- An organic cation transport protein mediates the transport of organic cations across the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- Most TRPM1 gene mutations change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the TRPM1 channel and either alter the structure of the channel or prevent the channel from reaching the bipolar cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)
- Our current concept of the red cell membrane envisions it as a composite structure in which a membrane envelope composed of cholesterol and phospholipids is secured to an elastic network of skeletal proteins via transmembrane proteins. (bloodjournal.org)
- 2) those that are associated with an increased cation permeability of red cell membrane. (hindawi.com)
OCT12
- Therefore, in vitro assays for OCT1 and OATP1B1, among the highest expressed transport proteins in human liver, were developed to allow investigation of the inhibitory patterns of these proteins. (diva-portal.org)
- Anti-malarials can reduce OCT1 and OCT2 transport activity in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
Binds2
- p>This subsection of the 'Function' section indicates at which position the protein binds a given metal ion. (uniprot.org)
- The best-studied protein is the BabA adhesin which binds to the Lewis b blood group antigen. (asm.org)
Pathways3
- It encodes a non-DNA binding, 770 amino acid transcriptional protein that serves as a co-repressor of other transcription factors and signalling pathways. (bmj.com)
- Quantitative mass spectrometry followed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that early changes in H9C2 differentiation are related to protein pathways of cardiac muscle morphogenesis and sphingolipid synthesis. (ugent.be)
- Specifically, this analysis confirmed that proteins related to pathways in muscle contraction are upregulated early and transiently, and proteins relevant to extracellular matrix organization are downregulated early. (ugent.be)
Solute carrier2
- Mitoferrin 1 and mitoferrin 2, two homologues proteins belonging to the mitochondrial solute carrier family, are required for iron delivery into mitochondria. (isharonline.org)
- Transport proteins belonging to the solute carrier (SLC) family are important for the elimination of drugs, contain members that mainly import cations and have been linked to DDIs. (biomedcentral.com)
Putative2
- The protein has 12 putative transmembrane domains, with a long extracellular loop of 107 amino acids between the first two transmembrane domains and an intracellular loop between the fourth and fifth transmembrane domains. (wikipedia.org)
- Additionally, MATE1 and MATE2-K were identified as putative transport proteins for proguanil. (biomedcentral.com)
Complexes3
- The role of the adaptor proteins that physically link these complexes together for the purposes of ion channel modulation, however, has been little explored. (jneurosci.org)
- Could Those Rapidly Exchangeable Phosphoproteins Be Polyphosphate-Protein Complexes? (jhu.edu)
- Furthermore, polyphosphates in microorganisms are known to form tightly bound ionic complexes with proteins and nucleic acids [10]. (jhu.edu)
Regulatory proteins2
- Neuronal calcium-sensor proteins interact with other regulatory proteins to mediate physiological responses to a change in intracellular calcium concentration. (bioportfolio.com)
- Zinc is essential for all organisms due to its various physiological roles, which include maintaining both the structural stability and catalytic activity of several proteins ( 60 ), as well as stabilizing motifs in some transcriptional regulatory proteins ( 15 ). (asm.org)
Bovine serum a2
- Effect of divalent cations on bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tannic acid interaction and its influence on turbidity and in vitro protein digestibility. (bioportfolio.com)
- Protein mixture or purified protein of interest: e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA), mol. (currentprotocols.com)
Nucleotide2
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
Regulation1
- Protons that enter the cytosol through potassium channels in the form of NH 4 + stimulate and nonionic diffusion of NH 3 blocks NHE, thus contributing to sodium transport and regulation of pH. (physiology.org)
Mediates2
- Lysosomal enzymes bearing phosphomannosyl residues bind specifically to mannose-6-phosphate receptors in the Golgi apparatus and the resulting receptor-ligand complex is transported to an acidic prelyosomal compartment where the low pH mediates the dissociation of the complex. (abcam.com)
- The exchanger itself mediates cation leak by a conductive mechanism [ 25 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cells10
- This protein acts as a channel, transporting positively charged atoms (cations) into cells. (medlineplus.gov)
- In bright-light conditions, the TRPM1 channel is open, allowing cations to flow in and out of bipolar cells and preventing visual signals from being sent. (medlineplus.gov)
- EMSA (A) or supershift assay (B) performed on nuclear proteins of SJPL and NPTr cells following an incubation (30 to 180 min) with A. pleuropneumoniae S4074 or no treatment for the control (Nil). (asm.org)
- Monocytes originally derive from CD34 + myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow, circulate in the bloodstream, and enter peripheral tissues where they mature into different types of resident macrophages, characterized by low oxygen consumption, low protein synthesis rate, and modest cytokine production ( 1 , 2 ). (jimmunol.org)
- A family of intracellular calcium-sensing proteins found predominately in NEURONS and PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. (bioportfolio.com)
- PMA (10(-7) M) almost completely inhibited the transcellular transport of PAH across OK cell monolayers from the basal to the apical side, as well as the accumulation of PAH in the cells. (semanticscholar.org)
- This protein catalyzes electroneutral chloride-bicarbonate exchange, and it is also expressed in kidney α -intercalated cells and in cardiomyocytes [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
- In red cells, it is involved in two main tasks: enhancement of carbon dioxide transport and structuration of cell shape. (hindawi.com)
- Phosphorylation determines the binding of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) to microtubules in living cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- We present here a rigorous proteomic analysis that monitored the changes in protein expression during differentiation of H9C2 cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells over time. (ugent.be)
Renal3
- No significant defects in the renal secretion of a model organic cation are observed. (jax.org)
- In addition, focus is directed towards understanding the role of the calcium sensing receptor and its involvement in renal calcium transport and kidney stone formation. (sdu.dk)
- As this protein is also expressed in kidney, a renal phenotype can be associated with SLC4A1 mutations. (hindawi.com)
Substances2
- that is they exist within and span the membrane across which they transport substances. (wikidoc.org)
- The proteins may assist in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion or active transport. (wikidoc.org)
Structural9
- These methyl-CpG binding proteins (MBPs) have key biological roles and can be classified into three structural families: methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD), zinc finger, and SET and RING finger-associated (SRA) domain. (isharonline.org)
- Here, we offer a rationale for charged S-layer proteins in the context of the structural evolution of S-layers. (nature.com)
- Understanding the structural features of β-barrel membrane proteins and detecting them in genomic sequences are challenging tasks in structural and functional genomics. (tcdb.org)
- The design of functional membrane proteins from first principles represents a grand challenge in chemistry and structural biology. (sciencemag.org)
- These experiments illustrate the feasibility of designing membrane proteins with predefined structural and dynamic properties. (sciencemag.org)
- as a bound product during the structural analysis of DNA integrity scanning protein (DisA) from Thermotoga maritime . (frontiersin.org)
- The non-nucleated red cell is unique among human cell type in that the plasma membrane, its only structural component, accounts for all of its diverse antigenic, transport, and mechanical characteristics. (bloodjournal.org)
- This relationship explains structural and functional features found within mammalian prion proteins as elements of an ancient involvement in the transmembrane transport of divalent cations. (scienceblogs.com)
- Our results are consistent with a function follows form' model of differentiation, whereby early and transient alterations of structural proteins enable subsequent changes that are relevant to the characteristic physiology of cardiomyocytes. (ugent.be)
Integral membrane1
- Nramp1 codes for an integral membrane protein expressed in the lysosomal compartment of macrophages, and is recruited to the membrane of phagosomes soon after the completion of phagocytosis. (nih.gov)
Transmembrane proteins1
- 4] "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. (tcdb.org)
Genomic1
- Discrimination techniques for detecting β-barrel membrane proteins in genomic sequences are discussed by Gromiha and Suwa ( 2007 ). (tcdb.org)
Recombinant3
- The ctpA ctpa (Catalog # MBS1229137 ) is a Recombinant Protein produced from E Coli or Yeast or Baculovirus or Mammalian Cell and is intended for research purposes only. (mybiosource.com)
- Human SLC22A4 partial ORF ( NP_003050, 43 a.a. - 141 a.a.) recombinant protein with GST-tag at N-terminal. (abnova.com)
- Eleven recombinant antigenic proteins were produced, and specific antibody titers in a large collection of human serum samples were determined. (soton.ac.uk)
Membrane-localized1
- The PTS catalyzes concomitant transport and phosphorylation of sugars via a specific membrane-localized enzyme II complex (EII) which is phosphorylated by the general PTS enzymes HPr and enzyme I (for a review, see reference 31 ). (asm.org)
Amino Acids1
- The gene produces a 63 kDa protein composed of 557 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
Proton2
- Previous work has established that amiloride sensitivity is caused by expression of car1 + , which encodes a protein with similarity to plasma membrane drug/proton antiporters from the multidrug resistance family. (asm.org)
- Bsu1p displays an acidic pH optimum and is inhibited by various protonophores, demonstrating that the protein works as a proton symporter. (asm.org)
Antiporter1
- A symporter /coporter transports a chemical in the same direction as the electrochemical gradient, while an antiporter moves the target chemical in a direction opposite to the gradient. (wikidoc.org)
Mechanism3
- The mechanism of pathogen resistance is proposed to involve sequestration of Fe2+ and Mn2+, cofactors of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic catalases and superoxide dismutases, not only to protect the macrophage against its own generation of reactive oxygen species, but to deny the cations to the pathogen for synthesis of its protective enzymes. (nih.gov)
- A fundamental mechanism underlying neuromodulation is the phosphorylation of ion channels by protein kinases ( Levitan and Kaczmarek, 1997 ). (jneurosci.org)
- However, this interpretation leads to dramatically changing our way of thinking about band 3 transport mechanism. (hindawi.com)