Removal of tissue with electrical current delivered via electrodes positioned at the distal end of a catheter. Energy sources are commonly direct current (DC-shock) or alternating current at radiofrequencies (usually 750 kHz). The technique is used most often to ablate the AV junction and/or accessory pathways in order to interrupt AV conduction and produce AV block in the treatment of various tachyarrhythmias.
Catheters designed to be left within an organ or passage for an extended period of time.
Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.
Methods to induce and measure electrical activities at specific sites in the heart to diagnose and treat problems with the heart's electrical system.
A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.
A flexible, tubular device that is used to carry fluids into or from a blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity.
A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is located between the wall of the right or left atria and the ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. The inherited form can be caused by mutation of PRKAG2 gene encoding a gamma-2 regulatory subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase.
The veins that return the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry of atrial impulse into the dual (fast and slow) pathways of ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. The common type involves a blocked atrial impulse in the slow pathway which reenters the fast pathway in a retrograde direction and simultaneously conducts to the atria and the ventricles leading to rapid HEART RATE of 150-250 beats per minute.
Abnormally rapid heartbeats originating from one or more automatic foci (nonsinus pacemakers) in the HEART ATRIUM but away from the SINOATRIAL NODE. Unlike the reentry mechanism, automatic tachycardia speeds up and slows down gradually. The episode is characterized by a HEART RATE between 135 to less than 200 beats per minute and lasting 30 seconds or longer.
Recording of regional electrophysiological information by analysis of surface potentials to give a complete picture of the effects of the currents from the heart on the body surface. It has been applied to the diagnosis of old inferior myocardial infarction, localization of the bypass pathway in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, recognition of ventricular hypertrophy, estimation of the size of a myocardial infarct, and the effects of different interventions designed to reduce infarct size. The limiting factor at present is the complexity of the recording and analysis, which requires 100 or more electrodes, sophisticated instrumentation, and dedicated personnel. (Braunwald, Heart Disease, 4th ed)
Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation, typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction. As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES).
An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).
Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.
An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.
A small nodular mass of specialized muscle fibers located in the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus. It gives rise to the atrioventricular bundle of the conduction system of the heart.
The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Production of an image when x-rays strike a fluorescent screen.
Catheters inserted into various locations within the heart for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the premature QRS complex on ECG that is of abnormal shape and great duration (generally >129 msec). It is the most common form of all cardiac arrhythmias. Premature ventricular complexes have no clinical significance except in concurrence with heart diseases.
The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.
Removal of tissue by vaporization, abrasion, or destruction. Methods used include heating tissue by hot liquids or microwave thermal heating, freezing (CRYOABLATION), chemical ablation, and photoablation with LASERS.
Abnormally rapid heartbeats with sudden onset and cessation.
Extra impulse-conducting tissue in the heart that creates abnormal impulse-conducting connections between HEART ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES.
Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry circuit in or around the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by sudden onset and offset episodes of tachycardia with a HEART RATE of 100-150 beats per minute. The P wave is identical to the sinus P wave but with a longer PR interval.
Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia.
Procedures using an electrically heated wire or scalpel to treat hemorrhage (e.g., bleeding ulcers) and to ablate tumors, mucosal lesions, and refractory arrhythmias. It is different from ELECTROSURGERY which is used more for cutting tissue than destroying and in which the patient is part of the electric circuit.
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Surgical procedures conducted with the aid of computers. This is most frequently used in orthopedic and laparoscopic surgery for implant placement and instrument guidance. Image-guided surgery interactively combines prior CT scans or MRI images with real-time video.
Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.
The use of freezing as a special surgical technique to destroy or excise tissue.
Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibers. Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of action: sodium channel blockade, beta-adrenergic blockade, repolarization prolongation, or calcium channel blockade.
Recording the locations and measurements of electrical activity in the EPICARDIUM by placing electrodes on the surface of the heart to analyze the patterns of activation and to locate arrhythmogenic sites.
Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.
Small band of specialized CARDIAC MUSCLE fibers that originates in the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE and extends into the membranous part of the interventricular septum. The bundle of His, consisting of the left and the right bundle branches, conducts the electrical impulses to the HEART VENTRICLES in generation of MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION.
A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a normal PR interval and a long QRS interval with an initial slow deflection (delta wave). In this syndrome, the atrial impulse travel to the ventricle via the MAHAIM FIBERS which connect ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE directly to the right ventricle wall (NODOVENTRICULAR ACCESSORY PATHWAY) or to the RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH OF HIS (nodofascicular accessory pathway).
The valve consisting of three cusps situated between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart.
Placement of an intravenous CATHETER in the subclavian, jugular, or other central vein.
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.
A rare form of supraventricular tachycardia caused by automatic, not reentrant, conduction initiated from sites at the atrioventricular junction, but not the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. It usually occurs during myocardial infarction, after heart surgery, or in digitalis intoxication with a HEART RATE ranging from 140 to 250 beats per minute.
A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.
Electromagnetic waves with frequencies between about 3 kilohertz (very low frequency - VLF) and 300,000 megahertz (extremely high frequency - EHF). They are used in television and radio broadcasting, land and satellite communications systems, radionavigation, radiolocation, and DIATHERMY. The highest frequency radio waves are MICROWAVES.
Pathological process resulting in the fibrous obstruction of the small- and medium-sized PULMONARY VEINS and PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. Veno-occlusion can arise from fibrous proliferation of the VASCULAR INTIMA and VASCULAR MEDIA; THROMBOSIS; or a combination of both.
The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Methods of creating machines and devices.
Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are invasive or surgical in nature, and require the expertise of a specially trained radiologist. In general, they are more invasive than diagnostic imaging but less invasive than major surgery. They often involve catheterization, fluoroscopy, or computed tomography. Some examples include percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, percutaneous transthoracic biopsy, balloon angioplasty, and arterial embolization.
A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. Coronary sinus, normally located between the LEFT ATRIUM and LEFT VENTRICLE on the posterior surface of the heart, can serve as an anatomical reference for cardiac procedures.
Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects.
This structure includes the thin muscular atrial septum between the two HEART ATRIA, and the thick muscular ventricular septum between the two HEART VENTRICLES.
Method in which prolonged electrocardiographic recordings are made on a portable tape recorder (Holter-type system) or solid-state device ("real-time" system), while the patient undergoes normal daily activities. It is useful in the diagnosis and management of intermittent cardiac arrhythmias and transient myocardial ischemia.
Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.
Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the LEFT ATRIUM.
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
Simple rapid heartbeats caused by rapid discharge of impulses from the SINOATRIAL NODE, usually between 100 and 180 beats/min in adults. It is characterized by a gradual onset and termination. Sinus tachycardia is common in infants, young children, and adults during strenuous physical activities.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the RIGHT ATRIUM.
Catheters that are inserted into a large central vein such as a SUBCLAVIAN VEIN or FEMORAL VEIN.
The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature atrial contractions or beats caused by signals originating from ectopic atrial sites. The ectopic signals may or may not conduct to the HEART VENTRICLES. Atrial premature complexes are characterized by premature P waves on ECG which are different in configuration from the P waves generated by the normal pacemaker complex in the SINOATRIAL NODE.
Abnormal passage communicating with the ESOPHAGUS. The most common type is TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA between the esophagus and the TRACHEA.
A group of cardiac arrhythmias in which the cardiac contractions are not initiated at the SINOATRIAL NODE. They include both atrial and ventricular premature beats, and are also known as extra or ectopic heartbeats. Their frequency is increased in heart diseases.
A vein which arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava.
Electric conductors through which electric currents enter or leave a medium, whether it be an electrolytic solution, solid, molten mass, gas, or vacuum.
Ear-shaped appendage of either atrium of the heart. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Insertion of a catheter into a peripheral artery, vein, or airway for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
The washing of a body cavity or surface by flowing water or solution for therapy or diagnosis.
Passage of a CATHETER into the URINARY BLADDER or kidney.
The thin membrane-like muscular structure separating the right and the left upper chambers (HEART ATRIA) of a heart.
General or unspecified injuries to the heart.
The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING.
Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues using a transducer placed in the esophagus.
The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.
The venous trunk which returns blood from the head, neck, upper extremities and chest.
Visualization of the heart structure and cardiac blood flow for diagnostic evaluation or to guide cardiac procedures via techniques including ENDOSCOPY (cardiac endoscopy, sometimes refered to as cardioscopy), RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; TOMOGRAPHY; or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.
The study of the electrical activity and characteristics of the HEART; MYOCARDIUM; and CARDIOMYOCYTES.
Burns produced by contact with electric current or from a sudden discharge of electricity.
The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.
A congenital heart defect characterized by downward or apical displacement of the TRICUSPID VALVE, usually with the septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the RIGHT VENTRICLE. It is characterized by a huge RIGHT ATRIUM and a small and less effective right ventricle.
Catheters inserted into the URINARY BLADDER or kidney for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
An electrical current applied to the HEART to terminate a disturbance of its rhythm, ARRHYTHMIAS, CARDIAC. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Failure of equipment to perform to standard. The failure may be due to defects or improper use.
The muscular structure separating the right and the left lower chambers (HEART VENTRICLES) of the heart. The ventricular septum consists of a very small membranous portion just beneath the AORTIC VALVE, and a large thick muscular portion consisting of three sections including the inlet septum, the trabecular septum, and the outlet septum.
The dilatation of the aortic wall behind each of the cusps of the aortic valve.
The small mass of modified cardiac muscle fibers located at the junction of the superior vena cava (VENA CAVA, SUPERIOR) and right atrium. Contraction impulses probably start in this node, spread over the atrium (HEART ATRIUM) and are then transmitted by the atrioventricular bundle (BUNDLE OF HIS) to the ventricle (HEART VENTRICLE).
The venous trunk which receives blood from the lower extremities and from the pelvic and abdominal organs.
Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.
A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the normal impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE. In these pre-excitation syndromes, atrial impulses often bypass the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE delay and travel via ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAYS connecting the atrium directly to the BUNDLE OF HIS.
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.
In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.
A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).
The use of ultrasound to guide minimally invasive surgical procedures such as needle ASPIRATION BIOPSY; DRAINAGE; etc. Its widest application is intravascular ultrasound imaging but it is useful also in urology and intra-abdominal conditions.
Agents that prevent clotting.
Infections resulting from the use of catheters. Proper aseptic technique, site of catheter placement, material composition, and virulence of the organism are all factors that can influence possible infection.
A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.
Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes.
Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or completely blocked impulse conduction.
Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.
Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.
Surgery performed on the heart.
The use of focused, high-frequency sound waves to destroy tissue. It is sometimes used in conjunction with but is distinct from INTERVENTIONAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY.
Incision of tissues for injection of medication or for other diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Punctures of the skin, for example may be used for diagnostic drainage; of blood vessels for diagnostic imaging procedures.
The application of electronic, computerized control systems to mechanical devices designed to perform human functions. Formerly restricted to industry, but nowadays applied to artificial organs controlled by bionic (bioelectronic) devices, like automated insulin pumps and other prostheses.
The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart.
A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).
Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART ATRIA.
The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).
Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.
A congenital defect in which the heart is located on the right side of the THORAX instead of on the left side (levocardia, the normal position). When dextrocardia is accompanied with inverted HEART ATRIA, a right-sided STOMACH, and a left-sided LIVER, the combination is called dextrocardia with SITUS INVERSUS. Dextrocardia may adversely affect other thoracic organs.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)
A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.
A congenital cardiomyopathy that is characterized by infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into the RIGHT VENTRICLE wall and loss of myocardial cells. Primary injuries usually are at the free wall of right ventricular and right atria resulting in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.
A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.
The use of a device composed of thermoluminescent material for measuring exposure to IONIZING RADIATION. The thermoluminescent material emits light when heated. The amount of light emitted is proportional to the amount of ionizing radiation to which the material has been exposed.
Also called xiphoid process, it is the smallest and most inferior triangular protrusion of the STERNUM or breastbone that extends into the center of the ribcage.
A form of heart block in which the electrical stimulation of HEART VENTRICLES is interrupted at either one of the branches of BUNDLE OF HIS thus preventing the simultaneous depolarization of the two ventricles.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
The study of MAGNETIC PHENOMENA.
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
A congenital abnormality in which organs in the THORAX and the ABDOMEN are opposite to their normal positions (situs solitus) due to lateral transposition. Normally the STOMACH and SPLEEN are on the left, LIVER on the right, the three-lobed right lung is on the right, and the two-lobed left lung on the left. Situs inversus has a familial pattern and has been associated with a number of genes related to microtubule-associated proteins.
Freedom from exposure to danger and protection from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss. It suggests optimal precautions in the workplace, on the street, in the home, etc., and includes personal safety as well as the safety of property.
Nerves and plexuses of the autonomic nervous system. The central nervous system structures which regulate the autonomic nervous system are not included.
The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.
The use of photothermal effects of LASERS to coagulate, incise, vaporize, resect, dissect, or resurface tissue.
Long-term changes in the electrophysiological parameters and/or anatomical structures of the HEART ATRIA that result from prolonged changes in atrial rate, often associated with ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or long periods of intense EXERCISE.
A measure of the quality of health care by assessment of unsuccessful results of management and procedures used in combating disease, in individual cases or series.
Radiographic visualization or recording of a vein after the injection of contrast medium.
An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.
Occlusion of the outflow tract in either the LEFT VENTRICLE or the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This may result from CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS, predisposing heart diseases, complications of surgery, or HEART NEOPLASMS.
A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.
Migration of a foreign body from its original location to some other location in the body.

Frequency and long term follow up of valvar insufficiency caused by retrograde aortic radiofrequency catheter ablation procedures. (1/3420)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of valvar complications caused by left sided radiofrequency catheter ablation using the retrograde aortic technique. METHODS: 179 patients (118 male) with a mean (SD) age of 43 (17) years underwent 216 procedures at one centre. The target of the ablation was an accessory atrioventricular pathway in 144 patients, the atrioventricular junction in 29 patients, and a ventricular tachycardia in six patients. In 25 patients structural heart disease was identified before the procedure (ischaemic heart disease 10, cardiomyopathy nine, valvar three, other three). Echo/Doppler examinations were performed the day before the procedure and within 24 hours postablation; the investigations were all reviewed by the same investigator. Patients with identified valvar injury caused by the procedure were followed for 42 (7) months. RESULTS: Valvar injury caused by the ablation procedure was identified in four young (age 30 (8) years), otherwise healthy patients with left lateral atrioventricular accessory pathways. Mild mitral insufficiency with a central regurgitation jet was detected in two patients and remained unchanged at follow up. Mild aortic insufficiency was detected in another two patients. In one of these the regurgitation jet was central and remained unchanged at follow up. In one patient the regurgitation jet was located between the non-coronary and left cusps in relation to a loosely attached structure. Both the structure and the valvar regurgitation disappeared during follow up. No clinical complications occurred in any of the patients during follow up. CONCLUSION: In this study, the frequency of valvar complications after left sided radiofrequency catheter ablation using the retrograde aortic technique was 1.9%.  (+info)

AV reentrant and idiopathic ventricular double tachycardias: complicated interactions between two tachycardias. (2/3420)

An electrophysiological study was performed in a 61 year old man with Wolff- Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. At baseline, neither ventricular nor supraventricular tachycardias could be induced. During isoprenaline infusion, ventricular tachycardia originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) with a cycle length of 280 ms was induced and subsequently atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) with a cycle length of 300 ms using an accessory pathway in the left free wall appeared. During these tachycardias, AVRT was entrained by ventricular tachycardia. The earliest ventricular activation site during the ventricular tachycardia was determined to be the RVOT site and a radiofrequency current at 30 W successfully ablated the ventricular tachycardia at this site. The left free wall accessory pathway was also successfully ablated during right ventricular pacing. The coexistence of WPW syndrome and cathecolamine sensitive ventricular tachycardia originating from the RVOT has rarely been reported. Furthermore, the tachycardias were triggered by previous tachycardias.  (+info)

Tachycardia induced tachycardia: case report of right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia and AV nodal reentrant tachycardia. (3/3420)

Tachycardia induced tachycardia, or so called double tachycardia, is rare. A 34 year old woman is described who had a history of syncope, frequent extrasystoles, and episodes of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, perceived as palpitation, without syncope. At electrophysiological study, during infusion of isoprenaline, an episode of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia arising from the right ventricular outflow tract initiated sustained atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, thought to be the cause of the patient's syncope. Ablation of the right ventricular outflow tract focus abolished the ventricular ectopy; the slow AV nodal pathway was also ablated. The patient no longer has either syncope or palpitation.  (+info)

Clinical application of an integrated 3-phase mapping technique for localization of the site of origin of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia. (4/3420)

BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation provides curative treatment for idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT). METHODS AND RESULTS: Nineteen consecutive patients with an idiopathic VT underwent RF catheter ablation. An integrated 3-phase mapping approach was used, consisting of the successive application of online 62-lead body surface QRS integral mapping, directed regional paced body surface QRS integral mapping, and local activation sequence mapping. Mapping phase 1 was localization of the segment of VT origin by comparing the VT QRS integral map with a database of mean paced QRS integral maps. Mapping phase 2 was body surface pace mapping during sinus rhythm in the segment localized in phase 1 until the site at which the paced QRS integral map matched the VT QRS integral map was identified (ie, VT exit site). Mapping phase 3 was local activation sequence mapping at the circumscribed area identified in phase 2 to identify the site with the earliest local endocardial activation (ie, site of VT origin). This site became the ablation target. Ten VTs were ablated in the right ventricular outflow tract, 2 at the basal LV septum, and 7 at the midapical posterior left ventricle. A high long-term ablation success (mean follow-up duration, 14+/-9 months) was achieved in 17 of the 19 patients (89%) with a low number of RF pulses (mean, 3.3+/-2.2 pulses per patient). CONCLUSIONS: This prospective study shows that integrated 3-phase mapping for localization of the site of origin of idiopathic VT offers efficient and accurate localization of the target site for RF catheter ablation.  (+info)

LocaLisa: new technique for real-time 3-dimensional localization of regular intracardiac electrodes. (5/3420)

BACKGROUND: Estimation of the 3-dimensional (3D) position of ablation electrodes from fluoroscopic images is inadequate if a systematic lesion pattern is required in the treatment of complex arrhythmogenic substrates. METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed a new technique for online 3D localization of intracardiac electrodes. Regular catheter electrodes are used as sensors for a high-frequency transthoracic electrical field, which is applied via standard skin electrodes. We investigated localization accuracy within the right atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle by comparing measured and true interelectrode distances of a decapolar catheter. Long-term stability was analyzed by localization of the most proximal His bundle before and after slow pathway ablation. Electrogram recordings were unaffected by the applied electrical field. Localization data from 3 catheter positions, widely distributed within the right atrium, right ventricle, or left ventricle, were analyzed in 10 patients per group. The relationship between measured and true electrode positions was highly linear, with an average correlation coefficient of 0.996, 0.997, and 0.999 for the right atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle, respectively. Localization accuracy was better than 2 mm, with an additional scaling error of 8% to 14%. After 2 hours, localization of the proximal His bundle was reproducible within 1.4+/-1.1 mm. CONCLUSIONS: This new technique enables accurate and reproducible real-time localization of electrode positions in cardiac mapping and ablation procedures. Its application does not distort the quality of electrograms and can be applied to any electrode catheter.  (+info)

Atrioventricular nodal ablation and implantation of mode switching dual chamber pacemakers: effective treatment for drug refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. (6/3420)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of atrioventricular node ablation and implantation of a dual chamber, mode switching pacemaker on quality of life, exercise capacity, and left ventricular systolic function in patients with drug refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. PATIENTS: 18 consecutive patients with drug refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. METHODS: Quality of life was assessed before and after the procedure using the psychological general wellbeing index (PGWB), the McMaster health index (MHI), and a visual analogue scale for cardiac symptoms. Nine of the patients also underwent symptom limited exercise tests and echocardiography to assess left ventricular systolic function. RESULTS: The procedure allowed a reduction in antiarrhythmic drug treatment (p < 0.01). PGWB and symptom scores improved (p < 0.01) but the MHI score did not change. Left ventricular systolic function and exercise capacity were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Atrioventricular node ablation and implantation of a DDDR/MS pacemaker is effective treatment for refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, producing improved quality of life while allowing a reduction in drug burden. The popularity of the treatment is justified, but further studies are needed to determine optimum timing of intervention.  (+info)

Predictors of atrial rhythm after atrioventricular node ablation for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias. (7/3420)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the natural history of the atrial rhythm of patients with paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias undergoing atrioventricular node ablation and permanent pacemaker implantation. DESIGN AND SETTING: A retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients identified from the pacemaker database and electrophysiology records of a tertiary referral hospital. PATIENTS: 62 consecutive patients with paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias undergoing atrioventricular node ablation and permanent pacemaker implantation between 1988 and July 1996. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Atrial rhythm on final follow up ECG, classified as either ordered (sinus rhythm or atrial pacing) or disordered (atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia). (2) Chronic atrial fibrillation, defined as a disordered rhythm on two consecutive ECGs (or throughout a 24 hour Holter recording) with no ordered rhythm subsequently documented. RESULTS: Survival analysis showed that 75% of patients progressed to chronic atrial fibrillation by 2584 days (86 months). On multiple logistic regression analysis a history of electrical cardioversion, increasing patient age, and VVI pacing were associated with the development of chronic atrial fibrillation. A history of electrical cardioversion and increasing patient age were associated with a disordered atrial rhythm on the final follow up ECG. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias are at high risk of developing chronic atrial fibrillation. A history of direct current cardioversion.  (+info)

Recovery pattern of left ventricular dysfunction following radiofrequency ablation of incessant supraventricular tachycardia in infants and children. (8/3420)

OBJECTIVE: To assess recovery pattern of left ventricular function secondary to incessant tachycardia after radiofrequency ablation in a group of infants and children. DESIGN AND SETTING: A combined prospective and retrospective echocardiographic study carried out in a tertiary paediatric cardiac centre. PATIENTS: Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular size and function in nine children with incessant tachycardia, before and after successful radiofrequency ablation. Age at ablation ranged from 2 months to 12.5 years (mean 4.1 years). Recovery of left ventricular function was analysed in relation to age at ablation (group I < 18 months, group II > 18 months). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Ventricular recovery pattern. RESULTS: Seven of the nine children had left ventricular dysfunction; six of these also had left ventricular dilatation. All children with left ventricular dysfunction had normalisation of ejection fraction and fractional shortening; left ventricular dilatation also improved, but the improvement occurred after recovery of function. There was a shorter recovery time for left ventricular function in younger (group I) than in older children (group II) (mean (SD) 5.7 (7.2) months v 31.3 (5.2) (p < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy is reversible following curative treatment with radiofrequency. Recovery of left ventricular systolic function precedes recovery of left ventricular dilatation. Time course to recovery is shorter in younger children.  (+info)

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a type of arrhythmia, or abnormal heart rhythm, that occurs when the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) beat irregularly and rapidly, often out of sync with the lower chambers (the ventricles). This can cause the heart to pump inefficiently and can lead to blood clots, stroke, and other complications. AFib is a common condition, affecting an estimated 2.7 to 6.1 million people in the United States. It is more common in older adults and can be caused by a variety of factors, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and certain medical conditions. Treatment for AFib may include medications, lifestyle changes, and procedures to restore a normal heart rhythm.

Tachycardia, supraventricular refers to a type of rapid heartbeat that originates from an area above the ventricles in the heart. The ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out to the rest of the body. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) can be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, anxiety, caffeine, alcohol, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions such as heart disease, thyroid disorders, and electrolyte imbalances. SVT can present with symptoms such as palpitations, rapid or irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fainting. Treatment options for SVT may include medications to slow the heart rate, cardioversion (a procedure that uses electrical shocks to restore a normal heart rhythm), or catheter ablation (a procedure that uses heat or cold to destroy the abnormal heart tissue causing the SVT).

Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a heart condition characterized by an extra electrical pathway that bypasses the normal conduction system of the heart. This can cause the heart to beat too fast, leading to palpitations, dizziness, and fainting. WPW syndrome can be inherited or acquired, and it is more common in men than women. It is typically diagnosed with an electrocardiogram (ECG) and can be treated with medications or procedures to correct the abnormal electrical pathway. In some cases, WPW syndrome can lead to more serious heart problems, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation, and may require more aggressive treatment.

Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry is a type of abnormal heart rhythm, also known as supraventricular tachycardia, that occurs when electrical signals in the heart become trapped in a loop within the atrioventricular (AV) node. This causes the heart to beat faster than normal, often at a rate of 100-200 beats per minute. The AV node is a specialized group of cells in the heart that acts as a bridge between the atria (upper chambers) and the ventricles (lower chambers). It is responsible for slowing down the electrical signals that travel from the atria to the ventricles, allowing the ventricles to contract in a coordinated manner. In tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry, the electrical signals become trapped in a loop within the AV node, causing them to continuously stimulate the heart to beat faster. This can lead to symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Treatment for tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry may include medications to slow down the heart rate or to convert the abnormal rhythm to a normal rhythm, or electrical cardioversion, a procedure in which an electrical shock is delivered to the heart to restore a normal rhythm. In some cases, catheter ablation may be necessary, a procedure in which a catheter is inserted into the heart to destroy the abnormal electrical pathways that are causing the tachycardia.

Tachycardia, ectopic atrial is a type of abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular heartbeats that originate from the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. In a normal heartbeat, the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is located in the right atrium, generates electrical impulses that stimulate the atria to contract and pump blood into the ventricles (lower chambers) of the heart. However, in tachycardia, ectopic atrial, the electrical impulses are generated by a different part of the atria, such as the pulmonary veins or the Bachmann's bundle, instead of the SA node. This leads to rapid and irregular heartbeats that can cause symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Tachycardia, ectopic atrial can be a serious condition and may require medical intervention to treat.

Atrial flutter is a type of abnormal heart rhythm that occurs in the atria, which are the upper chambers of the heart. It is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated electrical activity in the atria, which can cause the heart to beat too fast and irregularly. Atrial flutter can be caused by a variety of factors, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and certain medications. It can cause symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, and dizziness, and can increase the risk of stroke and other complications. Treatment for atrial flutter typically involves medications to slow the heart rate and restore a normal rhythm, or in some cases, electrical cardioversion or catheter ablation to destroy the abnormal electrical pathways in the heart.

Tachycardia, ventricular refers to an abnormally fast heart rate that originates from the ventricles, which are the lower chambers of the heart. This type of tachycardia is also known as ventricular tachycardia (VT) and can be a serious medical condition that requires prompt medical attention. Ventricular tachycardia can be caused by a variety of factors, including heart disease, electrolyte imbalances, and certain medications. It can also be a complication of other medical conditions, such as heart attacks, heart failure, and myocarditis. The symptoms of ventricular tachycardia can vary depending on the severity and duration of the episode. Common symptoms include palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fainting. In some cases, ventricular tachycardia can lead to more serious complications, such as cardiac arrest, which can be life-threatening. Treatment for ventricular tachycardia typically involves medications to slow down the heart rate and restore a normal rhythm. In some cases, electrical cardioversion or catheter ablation may be necessary to eliminate the abnormal heart rhythm. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect you or someone else may be experiencing ventricular tachycardia.

Ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) are abnormal heartbeats that originate from the ventricles, which are the lower chambers of the heart. They are also known as ventricular extra beats or ventricular premature contractions (VPCs). VPCs are a common type of arrhythmia, which is an irregular heartbeat. VPCs can occur spontaneously or in response to certain triggers, such as stress, caffeine, or alcohol. They are usually harmless and do not cause any symptoms in most people. However, in some cases, VPCs can be a sign of an underlying heart condition, such as heart disease or heart failure. VPCs can be detected through an electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a test that records the electrical activity of the heart. Treatment for VPCs may not be necessary if they are not causing any symptoms or if they are a result of a temporary trigger. However, if VPCs are frequent or are causing symptoms, treatment may include medications or other interventions to help regulate the heartbeat.

In the medical field, recurrence refers to the reappearance of a disease or condition after it has been treated or has gone into remission. Recurrence can occur in various medical conditions, including cancer, infections, and autoimmune diseases. For example, in cancer, recurrence means that the cancer has come back after it has been treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other treatments. Recurrence can occur months, years, or even decades after the initial treatment. In infections, recurrence means that the infection has returned after it has been treated with antibiotics or other medications. Recurrence can occur due to incomplete treatment, antibiotic resistance, or other factors. In autoimmune diseases, recurrence means that the symptoms of the disease return after they have been controlled with medication. Recurrence can occur due to changes in the immune system or other factors. Overall, recurrence is a significant concern for patients and healthcare providers, as it can require additional treatment and can impact the patient's quality of life.

Tachycardia, paroxysmal refers to a type of rapid heartbeat that occurs suddenly and lasts for a short period of time. It is characterized by heart rates that are faster than 100 beats per minute, and it can be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, anxiety, exercise, or certain medications. Paroxysmal tachycardia is often associated with certain heart conditions, such as atrial fibrillation or Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. It can also be a symptom of other medical conditions, such as hyperthyroidism or anemia. Treatment for paroxysmal tachycardia depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the symptoms. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to slow down the heart rate or prevent future episodes. In more severe cases, procedures such as catheter ablation may be necessary to correct the underlying heart condition.

The accessory atrioventricular bundle, also known as the Bachmann bundle or interatrial bundle, is a bundle of specialized conducting cells located in the atrioventricular septum, the wall that separates the atria and ventricles in the heart. It is one of the three main pathways that conduct electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles, along with the atrioventricular node and the bundle of His. The accessory atrioventricular bundle is a relatively small bundle of fibers that runs from the right atrium to the right ventricle, parallel to the larger bundle of His. It is thought to play a role in the normal conduction of electrical impulses through the heart, and may be important in certain heart conditions, such as atrial fibrillation. In some cases, the accessory atrioventricular bundle may be enlarged or abnormally positioned, which can lead to abnormal electrical conduction and potentially cause symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, or fainting. In these cases, treatment may be necessary to correct the abnormality and restore normal heart function.

Tachycardia, sinoatrial nodal reentry (SNR) is a type of abnormal heart rhythm, or arrhythmia, that occurs when electrical signals in the heart become disrupted and cause the heart to beat too fast. It is caused by a malfunction in the sinoatrial node, which is the natural pacemaker of the heart. SNR is a type of reentrant arrhythmia, which means that electrical signals are looping around in a cycle within the heart, causing the heart to beat too fast. This can lead to symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Treatment for SNR may include medications, electrical cardioversion, or catheter ablation.

Tachycardia is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally fast heart rate, typically defined as a resting heart rate of 100 beats per minute or higher. The normal resting heart rate for adults is generally considered to be between 60 and 100 beats per minute. Tachycardia can be classified into several types based on the underlying cause, including: 1. Sinus tachycardia: This is the most common type of tachycardia, and it occurs when the heart rate is faster than normal but still within a normal range for the individual's age, fitness level, and other factors. 2. Atrial fibrillation: This is a type of arrhythmia characterized by irregular and rapid heartbeats that originate in the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. 3. Ventricular tachycardia: This is a type of arrhythmia characterized by rapid and irregular heartbeats that originate in the ventricles (lower chambers) of the heart. Tachycardia can be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, anxiety, caffeine or other stimulants, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions such as heart disease, thyroid disorders, or lung disease. Treatment for tachycardia depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, lifestyle changes, or medical procedures such as cardioversion or catheter ablation.

Pre-excitation, Mahaim-type, also known as Mahaim fiber or Mahaim's phenomenon, is a condition in which an accessory pathway, or an abnormal electrical pathway in the heart, conducts electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles. This pathway is located near the atrioventricular node and is called the Kent bundle. In Mahaim-type pre-excitation, the accessory pathway is connected to the atrioventricular node, allowing electrical impulses to bypass the normal conduction system and reach the ventricles directly. This can result in an abnormal heart rhythm, or arrhythmia, known as a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Mahaim-type pre-excitation is a rare condition that is typically diagnosed using an electrocardiogram (ECG) and a specialized test called an electrophysiology study. Treatment may include medications to control the heart rate or procedures to ablate, or destroy, the accessory pathway.

Arrhythmias, cardiac refer to abnormal heart rhythms that are not synchronized with the electrical signals that control the heartbeat. These abnormal rhythms can be caused by a variety of factors, including structural abnormalities of the heart, damage to the heart muscle, or problems with the electrical conduction system of the heart. Arrhythmias can range from relatively harmless to life-threatening. Some common types of cardiac arrhythmias include atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and atrial flutter. Symptoms of arrhythmias may include palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or fainting. Treatment for arrhythmias may involve medications, lifestyle changes, or medical procedures such as catheter ablation or implantation of a pacemaker or defibrillator.

Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional, also known as junctional tachycardia, is a type of abnormal heart rhythm that occurs when the electrical impulses that control the heartbeat originate from the wrong part of the heart. In a normal heartbeat, the impulses start in the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is located in the right atrium of the heart. However, in junctional tachycardia, the impulses start in an abnormal area of the heart called the atrioventricular (AV) node or the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His). Junctional tachycardia can be classified as either a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) or a ventricular tachycardia (VT). SVT occurs when the impulses start in the upper chambers of the heart (the atria), while VT occurs when the impulses start in the lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles). Junctional tachycardia can cause symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fainting. It can also lead to more serious complications, such as heart failure, if left untreated. Treatment for junctional tachycardia may include medications, electrical cardioversion, or catheter ablation.

Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease (PVOD) is a rare and progressive lung disease characterized by the narrowing or occlusion of small blood vessels in the lungs, leading to high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries. This can cause shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, and other symptoms. PVOD is often associated with other conditions such as connective tissue disorders, congenital heart defects, and exposure to certain toxins. There is currently no cure for PVOD, and treatment typically involves managing symptoms and improving quality of life.

Heart block is a condition in which the electrical signals that regulate the heartbeat are slowed or blocked as they travel through the heart's conduction system. This can cause the heart to beat too slowly (bradycardia) or irregularly, which can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, and shortness of breath. There are three main types of heart block: first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree. First-degree heart block is the mildest form and usually does not cause any symptoms. Second-degree heart block is more serious and can cause symptoms, especially if it is caused by an underlying heart condition. Third-degree heart block is the most serious form and can lead to life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. Heart block can be caused by a variety of factors, including damage to the heart muscle, certain medications, and inherited conditions. Treatment options depend on the severity of the heart block and the underlying cause. In some cases, a pacemaker may be necessary to regulate the heartbeat.

Tachycardia, sinus refers to an abnormally fast heart rate that originates from the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is the natural pacemaker of the heart. The SA node is located in the right atrium of the heart and sends electrical signals to the atria to contract and pump blood into the ventricles. Sinus tachycardia is a common type of tachycardia that can occur in healthy individuals during physical activity, stress, or anxiety. It can also be a sign of an underlying medical condition, such as fever, dehydration, heart disease, or thyroid disorders. In some cases, sinus tachycardia may require medical treatment, such as medication or lifestyle changes, to manage symptoms or underlying conditions. However, in many cases, it can be managed with observation and lifestyle modifications alone.

Atrial premature complexes (APCs) are abnormal heartbeats that originate in the atria, which are the upper chambers of the heart. They are also known as atrial premature contractions (APCs) or atrial premature beats (APBs). APCs are a type of arrhythmia, which is an irregular heartbeat. They can occur spontaneously or in response to certain triggers, such as stress, caffeine, or alcohol. APCs are usually harmless and do not cause any symptoms in most people. However, in some cases, they can be a sign of an underlying heart condition and may require medical attention. APCs are typically detected through an electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a test that records the electrical activity of the heart. The ECG can show the pattern of the APCs and help determine if they are a normal variant or a sign of an underlying condition. Treatment for APCs depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the symptoms. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary, and the APCs may resolve on their own. In other cases, medications or other interventions may be recommended to help control the heart rate or prevent further episodes of APCs.

An esophageal fistula is a abnormal connection or passage between the esophagus (the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach) and another body cavity or organ, such as the trachea (windpipe), bronchi (airways), stomach, or small intestine. This abnormal connection can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (occurring later in life due to injury, surgery, or disease). Esophageal fistulas can cause a variety of symptoms, including difficulty swallowing, coughing, chest pain, and recurrent infections. Treatment options depend on the location and severity of the fistula, as well as the underlying cause. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the fistula or remove the affected tissue. In other cases, medications or other medical interventions may be used to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Premature cardiac complexes, also known as premature beats or PVCs, are extra heartbeats that occur before the normal heartbeat. They are a common type of arrhythmia, which is an abnormal heart rhythm. PVCs can be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, anxiety, caffeine, alcohol, certain medications, and heart disease. They are usually not a serious problem, but in some cases, they can be a sign of an underlying heart condition and may require medical treatment.

Heart injuries refer to any type of damage or trauma that affects the heart or its surrounding structures. These injuries can be caused by a variety of factors, including blunt force trauma, penetration wounds, or sudden cardiac arrest. Some common types of heart injuries include: 1. Contusion: A bruise or contusion on the heart caused by blunt force trauma. 2. Pericardial injury: Damage to the sac that surrounds the heart, which can cause bleeding or inflammation. 3. Cardiac tamponade: A life-threatening condition in which blood or other fluid builds up around the heart, compressing it and preventing it from functioning properly. 4. Myocardial contusion: Damage to the heart muscle caused by blunt force trauma. 5. Cardiac rupture: A tear in the heart muscle or wall, which can cause significant bleeding and be life-threatening. 6. Pericarditis: Inflammation of the pericardium, which can cause chest pain, fever, and other symptoms. 7. Cardiac arrest: A sudden and complete loss of heart function, which can be caused by a variety of factors, including heart attack, electrical disturbances, or sudden cardiac death. Heart injuries can be serious and require prompt medical attention. Treatment may include medications, surgery, or other interventions depending on the severity and type of injury.

In the medical field, a cicatrix is a scar that forms after the healing of a wound or injury. It is typically a raised, thickened area of skin that is usually pale or lighter in color than the surrounding skin. Cicatrices can be caused by a variety of factors, including surgery, burns, acne, and skin infections. They can range in size and appearance, and may be permanent or fade over time. In some cases, cicatrices may cause discomfort or interfere with the function of the affected area. Treatment options for cicatrices may include topical creams, laser therapy, or surgical procedures.

In the medical field, "Burns, Electric" refers to a type of burn injury caused by electrical current. Electric burns can occur when a person comes into contact with an electrical source, such as a live wire or an electrical appliance, and the current flows through their body. The severity of an electric burn can vary depending on several factors, including the voltage of the electrical source, the duration of contact, and the path the current took through the body. Electric burns can cause tissue damage, burns to the skin and underlying tissues, and can also affect internal organs and the nervous system. Treatment for electric burns typically involves removing the person from the source of the electrical current and providing first aid to manage pain and prevent further injury. In more severe cases, medical professionals may need to perform surgery to repair damaged tissues and organs.

Ebstein anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect that affects the tricuspid valve, which is located between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart. In this condition, the tricuspid valve is not functioning properly, which can lead to a backup of blood in the right atrium and a decrease in blood flow to the lungs and the rest of the body. The tricuspid valve is made up of three flaps, or leaflets, that open and close to allow blood to flow through the valve. In Ebstein anomaly, one or more of these leaflets are abnormal, which can cause them to bulge into the right atrium or to be attached to the wrong part of the heart. This can make it difficult for the valve to open and close properly, which can lead to a backup of blood in the right atrium and a decrease in blood flow to the lungs and the rest of the body. Ebstein anomaly can also cause the right ventricle to become enlarged and weakened, which can lead to heart failure. It is a congenital heart defect, which means that it is present at birth and is not caused by any known environmental factors. Treatment for Ebstein anomaly may include medications to manage symptoms and improve heart function, or surgery to repair or replace the tricuspid valve.

Postoperative complications are adverse events that occur after a surgical procedure. They can range from minor issues, such as bruising or discomfort, to more serious problems, such as infection, bleeding, or organ damage. Postoperative complications can occur for a variety of reasons, including surgical errors, anesthesia errors, infections, allergic reactions to medications, and underlying medical conditions. They can also be caused by factors such as poor nutrition, dehydration, and smoking. Postoperative complications can have serious consequences for patients, including prolonged hospital stays, additional surgeries, and even death. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to take steps to prevent postoperative complications and to promptly recognize and treat them if they do occur.

Pre-excitation syndromes, also known as Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome, is a group of heart conditions characterized by an abnormal electrical pathway in the heart that causes the heart to beat too fast or irregularly. This abnormal pathway, called an accessory pathway, bypasses the normal electrical pathway in the heart, leading to a faster heart rate or arrhythmia. There are several types of pre-excitation syndromes, including WPW syndrome, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, and Mahaim syndrome. WPW syndrome is the most common type and is typically diagnosed in young adults. It is caused by an extra electrical pathway that connects the atria and ventricles, allowing electrical signals to bypass the normal pathway and trigger premature contractions or arrhythmias. Symptoms of pre-excitation syndromes can include palpitations, rapid or irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fainting. Treatment options for pre-excitation syndromes may include medications to control heart rate and rhythm, cardioversion (a procedure to restore a normal heart rhythm), or catheter ablation (a procedure to destroy the abnormal electrical pathway). In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct the underlying cause of the pre-excitation syndrome.

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a type of abnormal heart rhythm that occurs when the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) quiver instead of contracting normally. This quivering causes the heart to be unable to pump blood effectively, leading to a lack of oxygen to the body's vital organs and potentially causing sudden cardiac arrest. VF is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment with defibrillation, a procedure that uses an electric shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm. Without prompt treatment, VF can be fatal.

Catheter-related infections (CRIs) are infections that occur in patients who have a catheter inserted into a vein, artery, or other body cavity. These infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other microorganisms that enter the body through the catheter insertion site or migrate along the length of the catheter. CRIs are a common complication of catheter use, particularly in hospitalized patients who require long-term catheterization. The risk of developing a CRI increases with the length of time the catheter is in place, the type of catheter used, and the patient's underlying medical condition. Symptoms of CRIs may include fever, chills, redness or swelling at the insertion site, pain or discomfort, and drainage from the insertion site. If left untreated, CRIs can lead to serious complications, such as sepsis, bloodstream infections, and organ damage. To prevent CRIs, healthcare providers follow strict infection control protocols, such as using sterile techniques when inserting and maintaining catheters, regularly changing catheters, and monitoring patients for signs of infection. In some cases, alternative methods of medication delivery, such as oral or intravenous administration, may be used to reduce the risk of CRIs.

Atrioventricular (AV) block is a type of heart rhythm disorder that occurs when the electrical signals that regulate the heartbeat are delayed or blocked as they travel from the atria (upper chambers) to the ventricles (lower chambers) of the heart. This can cause the heart to beat too slowly or irregularly, which can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, and shortness of breath. There are three main types of AV block: first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree. First-degree AV block is the mildest form and is characterized by a delay in the electrical signal between the atria and ventricles. Second-degree AV block is more severe and is characterized by a partial blockage of the electrical signal, which can result in a slower heart rate. Third-degree AV block is the most severe form and is characterized by a complete blockage of the electrical signal, which can result in a very slow or irregular heart rate. AV block can be caused by a variety of factors, including damage to the heart muscle, certain medications, and underlying heart conditions such as coronary artery disease or heart failure. Treatment for AV block depends on the severity of the condition and may include medications, a pacemaker, or surgery.

Heart diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. These conditions can range from minor to severe and can affect the heart's ability to pump blood effectively, leading to a variety of symptoms and complications. Some common types of heart diseases include: 1. Coronary artery disease: This is the most common type of heart disease, which occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of plaque. 2. Heart failure: This occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. 3. Arrhythmias: These are abnormal heart rhythms that can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. 4. Valvular heart disease: This occurs when the heart valves become damaged or diseased, leading to problems with blood flow. 5. Congenital heart disease: This refers to heart defects that are present at birth. 6. Inflammatory heart disease: This includes conditions such as pericarditis and myocarditis, which cause inflammation of the heart. 7. Heart infections: These include conditions such as endocarditis and myocarditis, which can cause damage to the heart muscle and valves. Treatment for heart diseases depends on the specific condition and may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery. Early detection and treatment are important for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.

Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency that occurs when excess fluid builds up around the heart, causing the heart to become compressed and unable to pump blood effectively. This can lead to a drop in blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and other serious symptoms. The fluid that builds up around the heart can come from a variety of sources, including bleeding from a heart attack, trauma to the chest, or certain medical conditions such as cancer or connective tissue disorders. When the fluid accumulates, it can put pressure on the heart and interfere with its ability to fill with blood and pump it out to the rest of the body. Treatment for cardiac tamponade typically involves removing the excess fluid from around the heart. This can be done through a procedure called pericardiocentesis, in which a needle is inserted through the chest wall to drain the fluid. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the underlying cause of the fluid buildup or to remove any damaged tissue. Cardiac tamponade is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, or rapid heart rate, seek medical help immediately.

Cardiomyopathies are a group of heart diseases that affect the heart muscle (myocardium). These diseases can cause the heart to become enlarged, thickened, or rigid, which can lead to problems with the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. There are several different types of cardiomyopathies, including: 1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: This is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick, which can make it difficult for the heart to pump blood. 2. Dilated cardiomyopathy: This is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes weakened and enlarged, which can cause the heart to pump blood less effectively. 3. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC): This is a condition in which the heart muscle in the right ventricle becomes abnormal and can cause irregular heart rhythms. 4. Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: This is a type of dilated cardiomyopathy that is not caused by a lack of blood flow to the heart muscle. 5. Idiopathic left ventricular hypertrophy: This is a condition in which the left ventricle of the heart becomes abnormally thick, which can make it difficult for the heart to pump blood. Cardiomyopathies can be inherited or acquired, and they can range from mild to severe. Treatment for cardiomyopathies depends on the specific type and severity of the condition, and may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.

Pericardial effusion is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac, which is a sac-like structure that surrounds the heart. The pericardial sac is filled with a small amount of fluid that helps to lubricate and protect the heart. When there is an excessive amount of fluid in the pericardial sac, it can lead to a condition called pericardial effusion. Pericardial effusion can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, heart failure, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. Symptoms of pericardial effusion may include chest pain, shortness of breath, coughing, and fatigue. In some cases, pericardial effusion may be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during a routine medical examination. Diagnosis of pericardial effusion typically involves imaging tests such as echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment for pericardial effusion depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, drainage of the fluid, or surgery.,,,。

Thromboembolism is a medical condition that occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a vein or artery and breaks off, traveling through the bloodstream to block a smaller vessel. This can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on the location and size of the clot. When a clot forms in a deep vein, it is called deep vein thrombosis (DVT). If the clot breaks off and travels through the bloodstream to block a smaller vessel, it is called an embolism. An embolism can block blood flow to organs or tissues, leading to serious complications such as stroke, heart attack, or organ damage. Thromboembolism can be caused by a variety of factors, including prolonged immobility, surgery, pregnancy, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions such as cancer or blood disorders. It is a serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications.

Dextrocardia is a medical condition in which the heart is located on the right side of the chest, instead of the left side. This is an abnormal position of the heart, and it is a congenital defect that is present at birth. Dextrocardia can be classified as either dextrocardia with situs solitus or dextrocardia with situs inversus. In dextrocardia with situs solitus, the other organs in the chest and abdomen are arranged in a normal position, with the liver on the right side of the body and the spleen on the left side. In dextrocardia with situs inversus, all of the internal organs are reversed in position, so the liver is on the left side of the body and the spleen is on the right side. Dextrocardia can be associated with other heart defects, such as a or a patent foramen ovale. These defects can affect the flow of blood through the heart and can lead to problems with the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. Treatment for dextrocardia depends on the specific heart defects that are present and may include medications, surgery, or other interventions.

Metaproterenol is a medication that is used to treat bronchospasm, which is a narrowing of the airways in the lungs. It is a type of bronchodilator, which means that it helps to relax the muscles in the airways and make it easier to breathe. Metaproterenol is available in both an inhaler and an oral solution, and it is typically used to treat conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchitis. It works by stimulating the release of a chemical called norepinephrine, which helps to relax the muscles in the airways and improve breathing. Metaproterenol is a relatively safe medication, but it can cause side effects such as tremors, nervousness, and rapid heartbeat. It is important to follow the instructions of your healthcare provider when using metaproterenol, and to let them know if you experience any side effects.

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia (ARVD) is a genetic heart disorder that affects the right ventricle of the heart. It is characterized by the replacement of healthy heart muscle with fibrous scar tissue, which can lead to abnormal heart rhythms and heart failure. ARVD is often diagnosed in young adults and children, and it can be life-threatening if not treated. The exact cause of ARVD is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to mutations in certain genes that are involved in the development and maintenance of heart muscle. Treatment for ARVD typically involves medications to control abnormal heart rhythms and lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged heart muscle or implant a device to regulate the heart's rhythm.

A Bundle-Branch Block (BBB) is a type of heart rhythm disorder that occurs when there is a disruption in the electrical signals that control the contraction of the heart muscle. The heart has two main electrical pathways, called the right and left bundle branches, which carry electrical signals from the sinoatrial node (the heart's natural pacemaker) to the ventricles (the lower chambers of the heart) and cause them to contract and pump blood. A Bundle-Branch Block occurs when there is a delay or blockage in the electrical signals that travel through the bundle branches, causing the ventricles to contract asynchronously or with an abnormal rhythm. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fainting. There are two main types of Bundle-Branch Block: Right Bundle-Branch Block (RBBB) and Left Bundle-Branch Block (LBBB). RBBB is more common and usually has no symptoms, while LBBB is less common and can cause more serious symptoms, such as fainting or heart failure. Treatment for Bundle-Branch Block depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the symptoms. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary, while in others, medications or electrical cardioversion may be used to restore a normal heart rhythm. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to correct the blockage.

Situs inversus is a rare congenital condition in which the internal organs are reversed or mirrored from their normal position. In other words, instead of being located on the left side of the body, the organs are found on the right side, and vice versa. This can affect any or all of the internal organs, including the heart, lungs, liver, stomach, and intestines. Situs inversus is usually diagnosed during fetal development or at birth, and it can be associated with other medical conditions such as congenital heart defects, gastrointestinal abnormalities, and infertility. Treatment for situs inversus depends on the specific organs affected and may include surgery, medication, or other medical interventions.

Atrial remodeling is a term used in the medical field to describe the structural and functional changes that occur in the atria (upper chambers of the heart) as a result of various cardiovascular diseases or conditions. These changes can include thickening of the atrial walls, changes in the size and shape of the atria, and alterations in the electrical activity of the atria. Atrial remodeling is often associated with the development of atrial fibrillation (AF), a common heart arrhythmia characterized by rapid and irregular heartbeats. AF can increase the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other complications, and it is often associated with underlying cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, and valvular heart disease. Atrial remodeling can also occur in response to other conditions, such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In these cases, the remodeling process can contribute to the progression of the underlying disease and the development of complications. Treatment for atrial remodeling may involve medications to control symptoms, lifestyle changes to improve overall health, and in some cases, surgical intervention to correct structural abnormalities or restore normal heart function.

Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that is used to prevent blood clots from forming in the body. It is also used to treat blood clots that have already formed, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). Warfarin works by inhibiting the production of vitamin K, which is necessary for the production of certain clotting factors in the blood. This helps to prevent blood clots from forming and can also help to dissolve existing clots. Warfarin is typically prescribed for people who are at risk of developing blood clots, such as those who have had a previous blood clot or who have certain medical conditions that increase their risk of blood clots. It is usually taken orally and requires regular monitoring of blood clotting levels to ensure that the dose is appropriate and to prevent bleeding complications.

Ventricular outflow obstruction (VOO) is a condition in which there is a blockage or narrowing of the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart's ventricles. This can cause the ventricles to work harder to pump blood, which can lead to an increase in blood pressure and strain on the heart. VOO can be caused by a variety of factors, including congenital heart defects, heart valve problems, and certain heart diseases. It can also be caused by damage to the heart muscle or blood vessels as a result of a heart attack or other cardiovascular disease. Symptoms of VOO may include shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles. Treatment for VOO depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgery.

Pathologic constriction refers to a medical condition in which a blood vessel or other tubular structure becomes narrowed or blocked, leading to reduced blood flow or obstruction of the flow of other substances through the vessel. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including inflammation, scarring, abnormal growths, or the presence of a foreign object. Pathologic constriction can have serious consequences, depending on the location and severity of the constriction, and may require medical intervention to treat.

Foreign-body migration is a medical condition in which a foreign object, such as a piece of food, a splinter, or a surgical implant, moves from its original location in the body to a new location. This can occur due to various factors, including the body's natural movements, changes in the shape or size of the foreign object, or the body's immune response to the object. Foreign-body migration can be a serious medical problem, as it can cause inflammation, infection, or damage to surrounding tissues. In some cases, the foreign object may become trapped in a narrow passage or obstruct a vital organ, leading to serious complications. Treatment for foreign-body migration depends on the location and size of the object, as well as the severity of any associated complications. In some cases, the object may be able to be removed through minimally invasive procedures, such as endoscopy or laparoscopy. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the object and repair any damage caused by its migration.

The ablation procedure can be classified by energy source: radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation. Catheter ablation may be ... Typically, catheter ablation is used only when pharmacologic treatment has been ineffective.[citation needed] Catheter ablation ... in a cath lab.[citation needed] Catheter ablation procedure involves advancing several flexible catheters into the patient's ... One type of catheter ablation is pulmonary vein isolation, where the ablation is done in the left atrium in the area where the ...
Catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. Huang, Shoei K.,, Miller, John M. (John Michael), 1954- (Third ed.). Philadelphia, PA ... Inoue, Shin; Becker, Anton E. (1998). "Koch's Triangle Sized Up: Anatomical Landmarks in Perspective of Catheter Ablation ... Implications for Catheter Ablation". Revista Española de Cardiología. 63 (6): 660-7. doi:10.1016/S1885-5857(10)70140-7. PMID ...
Definitive care may include catheter ablation.[citation needed] AV reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) requires an accessory pathway ...
Formation of an AVF is a potential complication of catheter ablation. Catheter Ablation of Cardiac Arrhythmias (4 ed.). ...
An alternative to catheter ablation is surgical ablation. The Maze procedure, first performed in 1987, is an effective invasive ... Electrophysiologists generally use two forms of catheter ablation-radiofrequency ablation, or cryoablation. In young people ... After catheter ablation, people are moved to a cardiac recovery unit, intensive care unit, or cardiovascular intensive care ... Catheter ablation (CA) is a procedure performed by an electrophysiologist, a cardiologist who specializes in heart rhythm ...
Issa, Ziad F.; Miller, John M.; Zipes, Douglas P. (2019-01-01). "Complications of Catheter Ablation of Cardiac Arrhythmias". ... For example, CT angiography avoids the invasive insertion of a catheter. CT scanning can perform a virtual colonoscopy with ...
"Adoption of fluoroless catheter ablation may rise with proper training", CardiologyToday, June 23, 2017. "Bruce Lerman , Weill ... 2018 "Fluoroless catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation." Heart Rhythm. 2017 "Limitations of dormant conduction as a ... Among his publications are: "Risk of Mortality Following Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation." Journal of the American ... 2019 "Sex-based differences in outcomes, 30-day readmissions, and costs following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: the ...
A further treatment option for people with Brugada syndrome is radiofrequency catheter ablation. In this procedure, wires are ... Kautzner J, Peichl P (June 2017). "Catheter ablation to prevent sudden cardiac death". International Journal of Cardiology. 237 ...
Topics in cryoballoon catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. 69 (1): 46-56. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.09.007. ISSN 0914-5087 ... Cardiac catheterization is the insertion of a catheter into the heart through a blood vessel. The cardiac catheter can then be ... In the two-stage procedure, there is a time gap between the catheter intervention and the surgical operation. The time between ... Some of these devices also will most likely be used for procedures performed in regular cath labs. Further prostheses for ...
Future episodes can be prevented by catheter ablation. About 2.3 per 1000 people have paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. ...
He pioneered the use of catheter ablation to treat atrial fibrillation using the technique of pulmonary vein isolation to ... Warin, J F; Haissaguerre, M; Lemetayer, P; Guillem, J P; Blanchot, P (October 1988). "Catheter ablation of accessory pathways ... The team pioneered the use of catheter ablation to treat ventricular fibrillation in 2002. Despite the effective treatments ( ... "Catheter ablation of Mahaim fibers with preservation of atrioventricular nodal conduction". Circulation. 82 (2): 418-427. doi: ...
Long-term management is best achieved with catheter ablation. Without treatment, the prevalence of tachycardia-induced ... peculiar features and results of radiofrequency catheter ablation, EP Europace, Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 21-28, ... cardiomyopathy has been reported to be between 20% and 50%, however most patients who undergo ablation have significant ...
Cardiac ablation catheters and method, (1996). Optical fiber catheter and method, (1997). Mapping catheter and method, (1997) ... "Cardiac ablation catheters and method", published 1996-11-19, assigned to Abela Laser Systems Inc. and University of Florida US ... and University of Florida US 5651786, Abela, George S.; Friedl, Stephan E. & Mathews, Eric D., "Mapping catheter and method", ... and University of Florida US 5782824, Abela, George S.; Friedl, Stephan E. & Mathews, Eric D. et al., "Cardiac catheter ...
... in people treated with radiofrequency catheter ablation for WPW. If radiofrequency catheter ablation is successfully performed ... Two main types of catheter ablation include radiofrequency ablation with heat or cryoablation with cold energy. This procedure ... Thakur RK, Klein GJ, Yee R (September 1994). "Radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome ... November 2003). "A randomized study of prophylactic catheter ablation in asymptomatic patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White ...
"FDA Clears Biosense Webster ThermoCool SmartTouch SF Ablation Catheter for the Treatment of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation". ... "First post-approval procedures performed using Heliostar balloon ablation catheter". Cardiac Rhythm News. 2021-09-29. Retrieved ... Embotrap III Revascularization Device Embovac Aspiration Catheter Cerenovus Large Bore Catheter Cerenovus Nimbus Cerebase DA ... "Innovative Health Receives FDA Clearance to Reprocess Pentaray Nav Eco High-density Mapping Catheter". DAIC. 2019-07-05. ...
Catheter ablation may be used to treat intractable ventricular tachycardia. It has a 60-90% success rate. Unfortunately, due to ... Indications for catheter ablation include drug-refractory VT and frequent recurrence of VT after ICD placement, causing ... catheter ablation, and placement of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Prior to the decision of the treatment option, ... "Ventricular tachycardia catheter ablation in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia: a 16-year experience". Current ...
September 2007). "Cost Comparison of Catheter Ablation and Medical Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation". Journal of Cardiovascular ... He started a complex ablation program there, developing it into one of the most successful ablation programs in Canada, ... He has published research into complex ablation and pioneered cardiac ablation methods. Khaykin attended the University of ... "Prior Rhythm-Control Failure With Amiodarone Predicts Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Following Catheter Ablation: Presented at ...
When it is delivered via catheter, it is called radiofrequency catheter ablation. Two important advantages of radio frequency ... Therefore, the introduction of non-surgical means of renal denervation using a radiofrequency ablation catheter was ... Endovenous ablation of perforator veins Avery J, Kumar K, Thakur V, Thakur A (2014). "Radiofrequency ablation as first-line ... Microwave ablation, where tissue is ablated by the microwave energy "cooking" the adjacent tissue, and ultrasonic ablation, ...
Efficacy and risks of catheter ablation of AF are areas of active debate. A worldwide survey of the outcomes of 8745 ablation ... A thorough discussion of results of catheter ablation was published in 2007; it notes that results are widely variable, due in ... A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation". Heart Rhythm. ... 2009). "Prevalence and causes of fatal outcome in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation". J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 53 (19): ...
Invasive treatments include forms of catheter ablation such as sinus node modification (selective ablation of the sinus node), ... Treatments in the form of pharmacological therapy or catheter ablation are available, but the condition is currently difficult ... "Sinus node revisited in the era of electroanatomical mapping and catheter ablation". Heart. 91 (2): 189-194. doi:10.1136/hrt. ... complete sinus node ablation (with associated implantation of a permanent artificial pacemaker), and AV node ablation in very ...
Bhaskaran, Ashwin; Tung, Roderick; Stevenson, William G.; Kumar, Saurabh (2019). "Catheter Ablation of VT in Non-Ischaemic ...
Bhaskaran, Ashwin; Tung, Roderick; Stevenson, William G.; Kumar, Saurabh (2019). "Catheter Ablation of VT in Non-Ischaemic ... A catheter is inserted into an artery (typically the radial or femoral artery) and pushed to the vessels supplying the heart. A ... Kolkailah (2018). "Radial artery versus femoral artery approach for performing coronary catheter procedures in people with ... radio-opaque dye is administered through the catheter and a sequence of x-rays (fluoroscopy) is performed. Obstructed or ...
Reducing very frequent PVC (>20%) by antiarrhythmic drugs or by catheter ablation significantly improves heart performance. ... Radiofrequency catheter ablation treatment. It is advised for people with ventricular dysfunction and/or tachyarrhythmia or ... In these cases, if the PVCs are reduced or removed (for example, via ablation therapy) the cardiomyopathy regresses. Single ... Very frequent PVCs in people with dilated cardiomyopathy may be treated with radiofrequency ablation. Sounds of an irregular ...
Catheter ablation is a potentially definitive treatment option for those with recurrent VT. Remote magnetic navigation is one ... June 2009). "EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias: developed in a partnership with the ... Wissner E, Stevenson WG, Kuck KH (June 2012). "Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in ischaemic and non-ischaemic ... In the past, ablation was often not considered until pharmacological options had been exhausted, often after the patient had ...
Catheter ablation of severe neurally meditated reflex (neurocardiogenic or vasovagal) syncope: cardioneuroablation long-term ... It is performed without surgery, by using radiofrequency catheter ablation with one-day hospital.[citation needed] The results ... Syncopal high-degree AV block treated with catheter RF ablation without pacemaker implantation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. ... functional AV block and sinus dysfunction using catheter RF-ablation. Europace. 2005 Jan;7(1):1-13. PubMed PMID 15670960. ...
The condition may not require any treatment at all, but symptoms can be controlled using medication or catheter ablation. ... Handbook of cardiac electrophysiology : a practical guide to invasive EP studies and catheter ablation. Murgatroyd, Francis D. ...
Handbook of cardiac electrophysiology : a practical guide to invasive EP studies and catheter ablation. Murgatroyd, Francis D. ... and ablation equipment to destroy abnormal tissue. A 3D navigation system that tracks and records the catheter position and ... and are often followed by a catheter ablation during the same procedure. It is important for patients not to eat or drink for ... Once the catheter is in and all preparations are complete elsewhere in the lab, the EP study begins. The X-ray machine will ...
is a cardiac arrhythmia mapping company for targeting catheter ablation company launched in San Diego, California and ... "Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: are results maintained at 5 years of follow-up?". J Am Coll Cardiol. 57 (2): 160-6. ... and outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation" (PDF). J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 19 (7): 668-672. doi:10.1111/j. ... "The impact of body mass index on the efficacy and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation". Int J Cardiol. 164 (1): ...
Catheter ablation of focal atrial tachycardia may be appropriate in patients failing medical therapy. A European study of young ... ablation had atrial tachycardia. Electrocardiographic features include: Atrial rate: 100 to 250 BPM Ventricular conduction can ...
... it is often possible to ablate the circuit that causes atrial flutter with radiofrequency catheter ablation. Catheter ablation ... Atrial flutter can be treated more definitively with a technique known as catheter ablation. This involves the insertion of a ... Atypical atrial flutter rarely occurs in people who have not undergone previous heart surgery or previous catheter ablation ... Atrial fibrillation often occurs (30% within 5 years) after catheter ablation for atrial flutter. Sawhney, NS; Anousheh, R; ...
Find a doctor near you who specializes in treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF).
The INTELLANAV Open-Irrigated Ablation Catheter features bidirectional steering, torqueability, and magnetic tracking ... Electrophysiology / RHYTHMIA™ Cardiac Mapping System / INTELLANAV Catheters / INTELLANAV™ OPEN-IRRIGATED Ablation Catheter ... The INTELLANAV OPEN-IRRIGATED Ablation Catheter offers proven BLAZER platform performance characteristics, including:. *,= 1 mm ... Find ordering information for the INTELLANAV OPEN-IRRIGATED Ablation Catheter and accessories. ...
This is typically done using a tiny catheter that delivers ... Ablation of cardiac tissue is a common way of treating some ... Judes FlexAbility Ablation Catheter CE Marked, Already Being Used to Treat Cardiac Arrhythmias. July 22nd, 2014 Medgadget ... Data that are produced by the FlexAbility ablation catheter are displayed on the EnSite™ Velocity™ System, a cardiac mapping ... Jude Medical just announced that its FlexAbility ablation catheter, which features a flexible tip for easier tissue targeting, ...
Apollo Hospitals Bangalore offers Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in Bannerghatta road Bangalore to detect abnormal electrical ... Radiofrequency (RF) Catheter Ablation Treatment in Bangalore. After an EP study, RF catheter is inserted into a blood vessel ... Majority of the patients who have undergone catheter ablation experience either: (a) return to normal heart rhythm, or (b) long ... This means that medicines for controlling heart rate or rhythm may be stopped or reduced following successful catheter ablation ...
Cardiac Catheter Ablation. Cardiac catheter ablation is a medical procedure that doctors use as one of the primary treatments ... Cardiac catheter ablation is a minimally invasive procedure performed in a special hospital room called an electrophysiology ...
Catheter ablation treatment. Antiarrhythmic drugs alone control atrial flutter in only 50-60% of patients. Since the early ... Sassone B, Leone O, Martinelli GN, Di Pasquale G. Acute myocardial infarction after radiofrequency catheter ablation of typical ... Characteristics of cavotricuspid isthmus ablation for atrial flutter guided by novel parameters using a contact force catheter ... What is the role of catheter ablation in the treatment of atrial flutter? ...
Catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: Clinical applications personnel and facilities. Journal of the American College of ... Catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: Clinical applications personnel and facilities. John D. Fisher, Michael E. Cain, ... Catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias : Clinical applications personnel and facilities. In: Journal of the American College ... Catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: Clinical applications personnel and facilities. / Fisher, John D.; Cain, Michael E ...
Cardiac ablation is a procedure that is used to scar small areas in your heart that may be involved in your heart rhythm ... Catheter ablation; Radiofrequency catheter ablation; Cryoablation - cardiac ablation; AV nodal reentrant tachycardia - cardiac ... cardiac ablation; Atrial flutter - cardiac ablation; Ventricular tachycardia - cardiac ablation; VT - cardiac ablation; ... Catheter ablation is a long procedure. It can last 4 or more hours. During the procedure your heart will be monitored closely. ...
... novel hybrid technique combining an endocardial radiofrequency ablation with a minimally invasive epicardial surgical ablation. ... Catheter Ablation and Convergent Ablation. The addition of catheter ablation to epicardial ablation transforms an anatomical ... Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) of the pulmonary veins was the first and most widely performed ablation procedure and ... Catheter ablation for AF was first described in 1994, and these procedures included ablation of right atrial triggering ...
Piezo-based ultrasound catheters make a minimally invasive therapy of cardiovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis possible ...
In this update a 42 year-old atrial fibrillation patient provides a detailed update on his post catheter ablation recovery. He ... Click Here for All of My Post Catheter Ablation Updates. Click Here for My Catheter Ablation Experience ... Week 3: March 26, 2015 - Post Catheter Ablation Recovery Update. Travis Van Slooten ,. March 26, 2015. , 5 Comments ... And if you have an ablation with undiagnosed sleep apnea, your chances of beating afib with the ablation go down significantly ...
In comparing study outcomes, we will explore how ablation is evolving and the rationale for it becoming first-line therapy for ... Ablation is a mainstay of AF treatment, but disagreement persists regarding its use as a first-line option. ... 4. Early catheter ablation may benefit patients with HF, regardless of whether it is systolic or diastolic dysfunction. Though ... More traditional catheter ablation techniques target only pulmonary vein isolation, whereas PFA targets a wider cardiac tissue ...
Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity. Yong Mei Cha, Paul A. Friedman, Samuel J. Asirvatham, Win ... Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity. / Cha, Yong Mei; Friedman, Paul A.; Asirvatham, Samuel J. ... Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity. In: Circulation. 2008 ; Vol. 117, No. 20. pp. 2583-2590. ... Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity. Circulation. 2008 May 20;117(20):2583-2590. doi: 10.1161/ ...
Esophagogastric complications in radiofrequency and cryoballoon catheter ablation of atria Esophagogastric complications in ... catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) have been scarce. We sought to elucidate the relationship between the ... radiofrequency and cryoballoon catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Oikawa, Jun; Fukaya, Hidehira; Wada, Takuya; Kishihara ...
Catheter ablation. (n.d.).. https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/catheter-ablation. ... a doctor may recommend a surgical procedure called catheter ablation. This process involves scarring heart tissue in a way that ...
... of catheter ablation] since 1998. In the early years, complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation were more ... Gender does not affect periprocedural complications or long-term results of catheter ablation. 5th October 2011. 1252 ... women were not referred later for catheter ablation despite being significantly older than men (61±9 years vs. 55±10 years). " ... shows that gender does not affect periprocedural complications or outcomes of catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial ...
Catheter ablation is associated with a lower mortality and morbidity rate compared to medical therapy in patients with heart ... Catheter ablation improves mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Catheter Ablation ... Catheter ablation is associated with a lower mortality and morbidity rate compared to medical therapy in patients with HF and ... In the Catheter Ablation versus Standard Conventional Therapy in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Atrial ...
To participate in this study, you must not have had a catheter ablation procedure to treat atrial fibrillation, had surgery to ... Are you an adult with atrial fibrillation who recently had a catheter ablation procedure? This study will investigate the ... Insertable Cardiac Monitor-Guided Early Intervention to Reduce Atrial Fibrillation Burden Following Catheter Ablation ( ... of an implantable cardiac monitor-guided device to monitor participants for recurrent atrial fibrillation following ablation. ...
Catheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation: A reckless challenge or a way to real cure? / Pak, Hui Nam. ... Catheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation : A reckless challenge or a way to real cure?. In: Korean ... Catheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation: A reckless challenge or a way to real cure? Korean ... Catheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation: A reckless challenge or a way to real cure?. ...
PhD research topic - Multimodal machine learning for patient-tailored catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation, ... 3ia.univ-cotedazur.eu/phd-research-topic-multimodal-machine-learning-for-patient-tailored-catheter-ablation-of-persistent- ...
A 52-year-old male developed left pulmonary vein occlusion after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. The surgical repair ... appendage is significantly reasonable particularly in case of left pulmonary vein stenosis or occlusion after catheter ablation ... Pulmonary vein stenosis or occlusion is a rare but one of the most devastating complications after catheter ablation for ... From: Sutureless technique using the left atrial appendage for left pulmonary vein occlusion after catheter ablation ...
Background: Nowadays, developed junctional rhythm (JR) that occurs during slow-pathway radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of ... After each ablation pulse, successful ablation was assessed according to the loss of AVNRT inducibility via isoproterenol ... Combined anatomic and electrogram mapping approach was used for slow-pathway RF ablation. The ablation procedure consisted of ... Success ablation rate was assessed with respect to the position, pattern, and number of junctional beats. Results: Successful ...
Catheter Ablation * : Communication and Interpersonal Skills *Communication and Interpersonal Skills x *Catheter Ablation x ...
Acutus posts Q2 beats, expects AcQBlate ablation catheter approval by end of 2023. August 8, 2023. By Sean Whooley ... Filed Under: Business/Financial News, Cardiac Implants, Cardiovascular, Catheters, MassDevice Earnings Roundup, Structural ...
Catheter ablation. Personal interests. Tennis and running. Treatments and tests offered by Dr Zia Zuberi at Nuffield Health. * ... He is trained in both cryoballoon (freezing) and radiofrequency based technologies for AF ablation and performs complex pacing ...
Endovenous ablation using catheter-based techniques achieve vein closure with minimal surgical risk. In the same sense, removal ...
... who lose weight prior to a catheter ablation procedure have improved clinical outcomes. The study, led by researchers with ... identifies weight loss before undergoing an ablation procedure as a risk-factor reduction tool for AF patients. Findings were ... 1 Catheter ablation. Catheter Ablation , Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2021, February 22) "We are constantly evolving our approach ... While catheter ablation is a common AF treatment option, researchers are continuously evaluating how to improve AF ablation ...
Catheter ablation. *Syncope testing. *Transesophageal echocardiography. *Venous Ablation. *Cardioversion. *Transcatheter Aortic ...
  • Radiofrequency ablation uses heat energy to eliminate the problem area. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Emergency out-of-hours catheter ablation for ventricular arrhythmia storm: a UK and Australian experience. (bvsalud.org)
  • There are limited data on emergency catheter ablation (CA) for ventricular arrhythmia (VA) storm. (bvsalud.org)
  • By reducing the critical mass required to sustain AF through either surgical or catheter-based compartmentalization of the atria (ie, maze procedure), fibrillatory wavelets collide with fixed anatomic obstacles, such as suture lines or complete lines of ablation, thus eliminating or reducing the development of permanent AF. (medscape.com)
  • Cardiac ablation is a procedure that is used to scar small areas in your heart that may be involved in your heart rhythm problems . (medlineplus.gov)
  • Catheter ablation is a long procedure. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A procedure called catheter ablation (when a thin, flexible tube is inserted through veins or arteries into the heart) may also be used to treat AFib. (medlineplus.gov)
  • [ 19 ] The clinical decision to use a rhythm-control or rate-control strategy requires an integrated consideration of several factors, including degree of symptoms, likelihood of successful cardioversion, presence of comorbidities, and candidacy for AF ablation (eg, catheter-based pulmonary vein electric isolation or surgical ablation). (medscape.com)
  • Cardiac ablation is used to treat certain heart rhythm problems that medicines are not controlling. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A small, flexible tube (catheter) will be inserted through this cut into one of the blood vessels in the area. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Once the source of the problem has been found, one of the catheter lines is used to send electrical (or sometimes cold) energy to the problem area. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some patients with focal origins of their AF also may be candidates for catheter ablation. (medscape.com)
  • AF ablation methods continue to be studied and modified and thus may be considered as a work in progress rather than a mature primary therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Once the catheter is in place, your cardiologist will place small electrodes in different areas of your heart. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Two big trials, presented at the ESC meeting and published in the New England Journal of Medicine ( NEJM ), addressed the use of imaging to place stents in the cath lab. (medscape.com)
  • The cardiologist will use live x-ray images to carefully guide the catheter up into your heart. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Of the 77 patients in the ablation group, 25 (32%) underwent repeat ablation (20 for recurrent AF, 5 for atrial flutter). (medscape.com)
  • Left atrial ablation and ablation for persistent atrial flutter should not be performed in the presence of known atrial thrombus. (medscape.com)
  • The catheters are used to create lesions during cardiac ablation procedures to treat atrial flutter. (cardiacrhythmnews.com)
  • There is no published randomized study comparing amiodarone therapy and radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) after only 1 episode of symptomatic atrial flutter (AFL). (nih.gov)
  • Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has revolutionized treatment for tachyarrhythmias and has become first-line therapy for some tachycardias. (medscape.com)
  • Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has been applied to most clinical tachycardias, even to polymorphic VT and VF in preliminary studies. (medscape.com)
  • 1) Background: Computer tomography (CT) is an imaging modality used in the pre-planning of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) procedure in patients with cardiac arrhythmias. (muni.cz)
  • Dormant" pulmonary vein conduction revealed by adenosine after ostial radiofrequency catheter ablation. (acc.org)
  • Effect of Catheter Ablation vs Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy on Mortality, Stroke, Bleeding, and Cardiac Arrest Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The CABANA Randomized Clinical Trial. (nih.gov)
  • Effect of Catheter Ablation vs Medical Therapy on Quality of Life Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The CABANA Randomized Clinical Trial. (nih.gov)
  • Field Medical is developing a promising second-generation pulse field ablation (PFA) system for the $3.6B cardiac catheter ablation market - a market rapidly accelerating at 14% CAGR. (klfy.com)
  • Field Medical intends to expand the indications for pulsed field ablation (PFA) beyond atrial fibrillation therapy by addressing much more challenging arrhythmias in the ventricle and common procedures like supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) that require minimal sedation. (klfy.com)
  • Ablation may also be done by freezing tissue (called cryoablation), destroying tissue with a laser (laser ablation), or by applying short bursts of high voltage electrical energy (called pulsed electrical field ablation). (msdmanuals.com)
  • 18. FEM analysis of predicting electrode-myocardium contact from RF cardiac catheter ablation system impedance. (nih.gov)
  • Antiarrhythmic drug therapy has been the primary treatment for AF for decades, but limited effectiveness combined with incompletely assessed risks have led to the development of other strategies to maintain sinus rhythm, such as ablation. (nih.gov)
  • Patients who remained in sinus rhythm after ablation had a significant mean increase in LVEF, decrease in left-atrial size, and decline in AF symptom score. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 , 11 ] Both left atrial ablation for restoration of sinus rhythm and AV junction ablation for rate control are class I indications, depending on the circumstance. (medscape.com)
  • High-density maps of left atrial (LA) were constructed using a circular mapping catheter. (edu.au)
  • Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was performed using an irrigated-tip radiofrequency ablation catheter guided by a circular mapping catheter. (acc.org)
  • After isolation of the LSPV, no pulmonary vein potentials (PVP) are observed during the first two beats, with the circular mapping catheter (PV 1,2 to PV 19,20) recording only atrial far-field signals (A). Adenosine administration (12 mg IV bolus) results in AV block with transient recovery of PV conduction. (acc.org)
  • Catheter-based ablation is a typical strategy for treating cardiovascular arrhythmias yet conveys a gamble of inadvertent blow-back to solid encompassing tissue. (articlequarter.com)
  • Catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias has proven efficacious in reducing the burden of arrhythmias and reducing implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) shocks. (ucsf.edu)
  • The aim of this study is to create a prospective international database registry that will allow for better assessment of the outcomes of catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias. (ucsf.edu)
  • The company's core products - the FieldForce™ Catheter and the FieldForce™ Generator - use proprietary technology called FieldBending™ - which represents a major step forward to overcome limitations of first-generation PFA technologies and address a huge unmet need to treat any cardiac arrhythmia while expanding capabilities to also treat complex ventricular arrhythmias. (klfy.com)
  • Catheter-based cryoablation was developed after RFCA, and it utilizes tissue cooling to cause tissue necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Though not as versatile or widely used compared to RFCA, cryoablation is safer for ablation near the compact atrioventricular (AV) node. (medscape.com)
  • 20. Needle-based ablation of renal parenchyma using microwave, cryoablation, impedance- and temperature-based monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency, and liquid and gel chemoablation: laboratory studies and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
  • The term ablative therapies applies to trans-arterial catheter chemoembolization (TACE), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation (CA). (nih.gov)
  • Both groups started amiodarone (200 mg daily) 6 weeks before the ablation group underwent their procedures. (medscape.com)
  • The ablation group continued the amiodarone for 3 months postablation and were permitted one cardioversion if needed. (medscape.com)
  • In the powerful AATAC multicenter worldwide randomized trial, catheter ablation was compared to drug treatment with amiodarone (the most effective but also the most toxic of the antiarrhythmic drugs). (a-fib.com)
  • Patients were randomized to receive either a catheter ablation or drug treatment with amiodarone. (a-fib.com)
  • Now scientists are using ultrasound for more accurate maps of arrhythmic sites in the heart for improved success of ablation procedures. (nih.gov)
  • Of the 69 controls, 53 (77%) elected to undergo circumferential ablation for recurrent AF and only 3 (4%) converted to sinus rhythm without any drug therapy. (medscape.com)
  • To participate in this study, you must not have had a catheter ablation procedure to treat atrial fibrillation, had surgery to replace your heart valves, or been treated for sleep apnea. (nih.gov)
  • A cryoballoon has been developed for pulmonary vein isolation, the minimal objective in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation, and it appears roughly comparable to point to point RFCA. (medscape.com)
  • Participants in the catheter ablation group underwent pulmonary vein isolation, with additional ablative procedures at the discretion of site investigators. (nih.gov)
  • After pulmonary vein isolation, regions with the top 10% of the highest dyssynchrony in LA were targeted during ablation and followed with ablation of complex atrial electrograms. (edu.au)
  • Because AFib usually begins in the pulmonary veins or at their attachment to the left atrium, energy is applied around the connections of the pulmonary veins to the left atrium during the pulmonary vein ablation procedure (also called pulmonary vein antrum isolation or PVAI). (tgh.org)
  • However, the ablation strategy apart from electrical isolation of PV in patients with persistent AF is still not well defined. (minervamedica.it)
  • The endpoint of electrical pulmonary vein isolation (entrance and exit block) was confirmed in each of the 4 PVs after an observation time of 30 minutes post ablation (Figure 2). (acc.org)
  • Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), a procedure now widely performed in major electrophysiology laboratories, has been studied most carefully in patients with paroxysmal AF. (medscape.com)
  • Eligible patients were aged 65 years and older or younger than 65 years with 1 or more risk factors for stroke (hypertension, heart failure, history of stroke, diabetes, or other heart problems), had 2 or more episodes of paroxysmal AF or 1 episode of persistent AF in the prior 6 months, and were suitable for catheter-based treatment or rhythm and/or rate control drug therapy. (nih.gov)
  • The objective of this registry is to collect prospective data on patients undergoing catheter ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) and Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVC). (ucsf.edu)
  • All patients undergoing catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) or premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). (ucsf.edu)
  • Dr. Beyerbach brings extensive knowledge of clinical cardiac electrophysiology with a specialty focus in catheter ablation treatment of atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia (VT). (thechristhospital.com)
  • People who underwent ablation did have a reduced risk of their condition recurring and reported greater quality of life improvements. (nih.gov)
  • Lesion size is influenced, in part, by the length of the distal ablation electrode and the type of catheter (standard vs saline-cooled). (medscape.com)
  • 3. Ex vivo experiment of saline-enhanced hepatic bipolar radiofrequency ablation with a perfused needle electrode: comparison with conventional monopolar and simultaneous monopolar modes. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Multiple-electrode radiofrequency ablation of in vivo porcine liver: comparative studies of consecutive monopolar, switching monopolar versus multipolar modes. (nih.gov)
  • Most often, the abnormal area is destroyed by radiofrequency ablation (delivery of energy of a specific frequency through a catheter with a tiny electrode at its tip that is inserted into the heart). (msdmanuals.com)
  • With typical power settings and good catheter contact pressure with cardiac tissue, lesions are minimally about 5-7 mm in diameter and 3-5 mm in depth. (medscape.com)
  • Your doctor will aim the tip of a special catheter at the small area of heart tissue. (nih.gov)
  • During ablation, an electrical frequency is delivered through flexible catheters inserted into the heart via a vein in the leg to eliminate tissue that either triggers or perpetuates atrial fibrillation. (tgh.org)
  • Energy is delivered through the tip of the catheter to the tissue targeted for ablation. (tgh.org)
  • 12. Finite element modeling of cooled-tip probe radiofrequency ablation processes in liver tissue. (nih.gov)
  • Removal of tissue with electrical current delivered via electrodes positioned at the distal end of a catheter. (nih.gov)
  • Some catheters have wire electrodes that record and locate the source of your abnormal heartbeats. (nih.gov)
  • Once the catheter is in place, your cardiologist will place small electrodes in different areas of your heart. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 2. Hepatic bipolar radio-frequency ablation between separated multiprong electrodes. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Wet radio-frequency ablation using multiple electrodes: comparative study of bipolar versus monopolar modes in the bovine liver. (nih.gov)
  • 8. Switching monopolar radiofrequency ablation technique using multiple, internally cooled electrodes and a multichannel generator: ex vivo and in vivo pilot study. (nih.gov)
  • 19. Finite element analyses of uniform current density electrodes for radio-frequency cardiac ablation. (nih.gov)
  • Ablation is done through a procedure called cardiac catheterization that passes flexible tubes, or catheters, through your blood vessels until they reach your heart. (nih.gov)
  • Compared with medications, a procedure called catheter ablation did not significantly reduce the risk of death or serious complications from atrial fibrillation. (nih.gov)
  • But a procedure called catheter ablation has also become common. (nih.gov)
  • A procedure called catheter ablation (when a thin, flexible tube is inserted through veins or arteries into the heart) may also be used to treat AFib. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cite this: Catheter Ablation of Chronic AFib - Medscape - Mar 23, 2006. (medscape.com)
  • Catheters were first used for intracardiac recording and stimulation in the late 1960s, but surgical treatment for refractory tachyarrhythmias was the mainstay of nonpharmacologic therapy until it was superseded by catheter ablation. (medscape.com)
  • For these conditions, catheter ablation is first-line therapy if that is the patient's preference. (medscape.com)
  • [ 12 ] Catheter ablation is first-line therapy in idiopathic VT if that is the patient's preference. (medscape.com)
  • In structural heart disease, catheter ablation is generally performed for drug inefficacy or intolerance, or as adjunctive therapy in patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) who are experiencing frequent ICD shocks. (medscape.com)
  • To determine whether catheter ablation is more effective than conventional medical therapy for improving outcomes in atrial fibrillation. (nih.gov)
  • 1108 patients were randomized to the catheter ablation group and 1096 to the medical therapy group. (nih.gov)
  • Eligible participants were randomized to either the catheter ablation group or the medical therapy group. (nih.gov)
  • Among patients with AF, the strategy of catheter ablation, compared with medical therapy, did not significantly reduce the primary composite end point of death, disabling stroke, serious bleeding, or cardiac arrest. (nih.gov)
  • The availability of MediGuide ablation catheter tools allows us to effectively treat patients with ablation therapy using minimal exposure to radiation," said Chun Hwang, director Cardiac Electrophysiology, Utah Valley Regional Medical Center, Provo, USA, who performed the first procedure with the new ablation catheter. (cardiacrhythmnews.com)
  • Just under 20% of people in the ablation group required a second procedure due to recurrent symptoms. (nih.gov)
  • INTRODUCTION: Catheter ablation (CA) is an established and widespread treatment option for drug refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). (minervamedica.it)
  • RF energy, a low-voltage, high-frequency form of electrical energy familiar to physicians from its use in surgery (eg, electrocautery), quickly supplanted DC ablation. (medscape.com)
  • A Hagendorff, Leipzig Update on valvular guidelines V Falk, Berlin How to deal with severe MAC - catheter-based options R Smith, Dallas Mitral surgery for rheumatic heart disease T Chotivatanapong, Nonthaburi Cardiac surgery in the developing world V Jawali, Bangalore Should we be doing more mitral clips than conventional mitral valve surgery? (eacts.org)
  • Sometimes surgery is needed because catheter-based ablation was not effective. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Santangeli, P & Di Biase, L 2017, ' Prophylactic mechanical hemodynamic support for catheter ablation of VT: locking the barn door before the horse has bolted ', Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology , vol. 48, no. 1. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Ablation is one of the common, minimally invasive types of electrophysiology procedures. (tgh.org)
  • A small, flexible tube (catheter) will be inserted through this cut into one of the blood vessels in the area. (medlineplus.gov)
  • During the procedure, a physician inserts catheters (long, flexible tubes) into the blood vessels of the leg and sometimes the neck, and guides the catheters into the atrium. (tgh.org)
  • 16. Hepatic bipolar radiofrequency ablation creates coagulation zones close to blood vessels: a finite element study. (nih.gov)
  • Catheter ablation is a procedure to stop abnormal electrical signals from moving through your heart and causing an irregular heartbeat. (nih.gov)
  • Once the source of the problem has been found, one of the catheter lines is used to send electrical (or sometimes cold) energy to the problem area. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Comparing adenosine-guided PVI to historical control groups without adenosine-guided ablation, a reduction in AF recurrence was noted. (acc.org)
  • The relative safety of RF energy has contributed to the widespread adoption of catheter ablation as a therapeutic modality. (medscape.com)
  • Background: I previously reported on the ground-breaking CASTLE-AF study published in 2018 which compared treatment with conventional antiarrhythmic drugs (both rate and rhythm control) versus treatment with catheter ablation. (a-fib.com)
  • Ablation is one type of treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
  • There are three class I indications for catheter ablation. (medscape.com)
  • and (4) although complications did not occur in this trial, catheter ablation of AF does come with risks for stroke, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary-vein stenosis, and esophageal perforation. (medscape.com)
  • Ablation and drugs both have risks and benefits. (nih.gov)
  • High power bipolar ablation of a thick myocardium: ex-vivo study using externally-irrigated large-tip ablation catheters. (escardio.org)
  • 7. Improved perfusion system for bipolar radiofrequency ablation of liver: preliminary findings from a computer modeling study. (nih.gov)
  • 13. Modeling bipolar phase-shifted multielectrode catheter ablation. (nih.gov)
  • About a quarter of people initially assigned to receive drugs chose to undergo an ablation at some point during the trial. (nih.gov)
  • Cardiac ablation procedures are done in a hospital laboratory by trained staff. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The new MediGuide enabled ablation catheters expand the utility of the MediGuide system, which is an important platform that provides clinicians with the ability to reduce the duration of radiation exposure and improve the accuracy and consistency of procedures", said Frank J Callaghan, president of the St Jude Medical Cardiovascular and Ablation Technologies Division. (cardiacrhythmnews.com)
  • For instance, does the technique reduce the time for the procedure, including reduced time under anesthesia, and does EWI ultimately reduce the cost of ablation procedures? (nih.gov)
  • However, despite those characteristics, its utility in guiding catheter ablation of AF is limited suggesting other factors are responsible for AF persistence. (edu.au)
  • It hasn't been clear whether catheter ablation is more effective than drugs in reducing the risk of death or serious complications of atrial fibrillation. (nih.gov)
  • In the mathematical model, virtual ablation at high dyssynchrony regions resulted in conduction regularization. (edu.au)
  • Injecting IV adenosine to restore conduction in viable but acutely non-conducting PVs may distinguish permanent block from dormant PV conduction, thereby allowing additional targeted ablation. (acc.org)
  • Although these retrospective studies are promising, a prospective randomized controlled trial is currently being performed to definitely address the critical question of whether ablation at sites of adenosine-induced transient PV re-conduction improves outcomes after PVI. (acc.org)
  • 1. Finite-element analysis of hepatic multiple probe radio-frequency ablation. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Three-Dimensional finite-element analyses for radio-frequency hepatic tumor ablation. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Guidelines for predicting lesion size at common endocardial locations during radio-frequency ablation. (nih.gov)
  • Significant progress has been made in improving our understanding and ability to target the triggers of VF, via advanced mapping and ablation techniques , as well as with autonomic modulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • People in the ablation group also reported higher quality of life and fewer symptoms during the years of follow-up. (nih.gov)
  • Doctors perform catheter ablation in a hospital. (nih.gov)
  • If drugs failed to control the condition, participants could receive ablation. (nih.gov)
  • About 10% of people assigned to the ablation group ended up not having the procedure. (nih.gov)
  • However, people in the ablation group had a lower risk of their fibrillation recurring during the study, and a reduced risk of being hospitalized. (nih.gov)
  • 9. Effect of input waveform pattern and large blood vessel existence on destruction of liver tumor using radiofrequency ablation: finite element analysis. (nih.gov)
  • 11. Dual-probe radiofrequency ablation: an in vitro experimental study in bovine liver. (nih.gov)