Catechol Oxidase
Dianisidine
Salivary Glands
Biology
Ipomoea batatas
Ipomoea
Solanaceae
Ipomoea nil
Encyclopedias as Topic
Skin Lightening Preparations
Melanins
Dictionaries as Topic
Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase
Catalyzes the oxidation of catechol to 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde in the carbazole and BENZOATE degradation via HYDROXYLATION pathways. It also catalyzes the conversion of 3-methylcatechol to cis, cis-2-hydroxy-6-oxohept-2,4-dienoate in the TOLUENE and XYLENE degradation pathway. This enzyme was formerly characterized as EC 1.13.1.2.
Estrogens, Catechol
Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase
Astacoidea
Monophenol Monooxygenase
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Nephropidae
Elephants
Plant Extracts
Antioxidants
Glycosides
Any compound that contains a constituent sugar, in which the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon is substituted by an alcoholic, phenolic, or other group. They are named specifically for the sugar contained, such as glucoside (glucose), pentoside (pentose), fructoside (fructose), etc. Upon hydrolysis, a sugar and nonsugar component (aglycone) are formed. (From Dorland, 28th ed; From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)
Scavenger Receptors, Class C
Receptors, Scavenger
A large group of structurally diverse cell surface receptors that mediate endocytic uptake of modified LIPOPROTEINS. Scavenger receptors are expressed by MYELOID CELLS and some ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, and were originally characterized based on their ability to bind acetylated LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. They can also bind a variety of other polyanionic ligand. Certain scavenger receptors can internalize micro-organisms as well as apoptotic cells.
Larva
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Scavenger Receptors, Class A
Drug Information Services
Epinephrine
The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.
Drug Labeling
Use of written, printed, or graphic materials upon or accompanying a drug container or wrapper. It includes contents, indications, effects, dosages, routes, methods, frequency and duration of administration, warnings, hazards, contraindications, side effects, precautions, and other relevant information.
Pharmacists
Formularies as Topic
Works about lists of drugs or collections of recipes, formulas, and prescriptions for the compounding of medicinal preparations. Formularies differ from PHARMACOPOEIAS in that they are less complete, lacking full descriptions of the drugs, their formulations, analytic composition, chemical properties, etc. In hospitals, formularies list all drugs commonly stocked in the hospital pharmacy.
The pro-phenoloxidase of coleopteran insect, Tenebrio molitor, larvae was activated during cell clump/cell adhesion of insect cellular defense reactions. (1/360)
To characterize the proteins involved in cell clump/cell adhesion of insect cellular defense reactions, we induced the cell clump/cell adhesion reaction in vitro with the hemolymph of larvae of the coleopteran insect, Tenebrio molitor. The 72 kDa protein was specifically enriched in the residues of cell clump/cell adhesion and was purified to homogeneity. A cDNA clone for the 72 kDa protein was isolated. We found that the 72 kDa protein was an activated phenoloxidase from Tenebrio pro-phenoloxidase. We suggest that activated phenoloxidase is involved in the cell clump/cell adhesion reaction as well as in the synthesis of melanin. (+info)Prophenoloxidase-activating enzyme of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning. (2/360)
Prophenoloxidase-activating enzyme (PPAE) was purified to homogeneity as judged by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis from larval cuticles of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The purified PPAE preparation was shown to be a mixture of the isozymes of PPAE (PPAE-I and PPAE-II), which were eluted at different retention times in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. PPAE-I and PPAE-II seemed to be post translationally modified isozymes and/or allelic variants. Both PPAE isozymes were proteins composed of two polypeptides (heavy and light chains) that are linked by disulfide linkage(s) and glycosylated serine proteases. The results of cDNA cloning, peptide mapping, and amino acid sequencing of PPAE revealed that PPAE is synthesized as prepro-PPAE with 441 amino acid residues and is activated from pro-PPAE by cleavage of a peptide bond between Lys152 and Ile153. The homology search showed 36.9% identity of PPAE to easter, which is a serine protease involved in dorso-ventral pattern formation in the Drosophila embryo, and indicated the presence of two consecutive clip-like domains in the light chain. A single copy of the PPAE gene was suggested to be present in the silkworm genome. In the fifth instar larvae, PPAE transcripts were detected in the integument, hemocytes, and salivary glands but not in the fat body or mid gut. A polypeptide cross-reactive to mono-specific anti-PPAE/IgG was transiently detected in the extract of eggs between 1 and 3 h after they were laid. (+info)Substrate specificity of catechol oxidase from Lycopus europaeus and characterization of the bioproducts of enzymic caffeic acid oxidation. (3/360)
The substrate specificity of catechol oxidase from Lycopus europaeus towards phenols is examined. The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones without hydroxylating monophenols, the additional activity of tyrosinase. Substrates containing a -COOH group are inhibitors for catechol oxidase. The products of enzymic oxidation of caffeic acid were analyzed and isolated by HPLC with diode array detection. The neolignans of the 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin type (3, 6-8), 6,7-dihydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dicarboxy-1,2-dihydro naphthaline (1) 6,7-dihydroxy-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-carboxynaphthaline (5) and 2,6-bis-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-carboxy-3-oxacyclo-(3,0)-pent an-2-on-1-ene (4) were formed. A reaction mechanism for the formation of (1, 4 and 5) is discussed. (+info)Purification and cloning of the salivary peroxidase/catechol oxidase of the mosquito Anopheles albimanus. (4/360)
Salivary homogenates of the adult female mosquito Anopheles albimanus have been shown previously to contain a vasodilatory activity associated with a catechol oxidase/peroxidase activity. We have now purified the salivary peroxidase using high-performance liquid chromatography. The pure enzyme is able to relax rabbit aortic rings pre-constricted with norepinephrine. The peroxidase has a relative molecular mass of 66 907 as estimated by mass spectrometry. Amino-terminal sequencing allowed us to design oligonucleotide probes for isolation of cDNA clones derived from the salivary gland mRNA from female mosquitoes. The full sequence of the cDNA demonstrated homology between A. albimanus salivary peroxidase and several members of the myeloperoxidase gene family. A close comparison of A. albimanus salivary peroxidase with canine myeloperoxidase, for which the crystal structure is known, showed that all six disulfide bridges were conserved and demonstrated identity for all five residues associated with a Ca2+-binding site. In addition, 16 of 26 residues shown to be in close proximity to the heme moiety in the canine myeloperoxidase were identical. We conclude that the salivary peroxidase of A. albimanus belongs to the myeloperoxidase gene family. Other possible functions for this molecule in blood feeding are discussed. (+info)The phenoloxidases of the ascomycete Podospora anserina. Structural differences between laccases of high and low molecular weight. (5/360)
In order to investigate the extent of the relationship between the three copper-containing glycoproteins, laccases I, II and III (Mr70000, 80000 and 390000 respectively) of Podospora anserina, the following experiments were carried out on laccases II and III: (a) determination of amino acid composition; (b) determination of N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid; (c) determination of sugar composition; (d) dissociation studies on native and denatured laccases and also after removal of copper from the enzymes; (e) digestion of the carbohydrate moieties with the aid of glycosylhydrolases. A comparison between the results of these experiments and data previously obtained with laccase I allows the following conclusions to be drawn. 1. Laccases II and III are not identical. 2. Neither of these low molecular weight laccases are as complete molecules subunits of the oligomeric laccase I. 3. The possibility of partial identity of amino acid sequences of laccases I and III can not be excluded. 4. Laccase II possibly consists of subunits of Mr37000 whereas laccase III does not. 5. Digestion of 50% of the carbohydrate content leads to complete loss of serological specificity (serological reaction and cross reaction). This finding is discussed with regard to the possible role of the carbohydrate moiety as antigenic determinants and thus as the reason for the immunological relationship. As a consequence, at least three independent structural genes for laccases must be assumed. (+info)Molecular cloning and characterization of apricot fruit polyphenol oxidase. (6/360)
A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction experiment was done to synthesize a homologous polyphenol oxidase (PPO) probe from apricot (Prunus armeniaca var Bergeron) fruit. This probe was further used to isolate a full-length PPO cDNA, PA-PPO (accession no. AF020786), from an immature-green fruit cDNA library. PA-PPO is 2070 bp long and contains a single open reading frame encoding a PPO precursor peptide of 597 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 67.1 kD and an isoelectric point of 6.84. The mature protein has a predicted molecular mass of 56.2 kD and an isoelectric point of 5.84. PA-PPO belongs to a multigene family. The gene is highly expressed in young, immature-green fruit and is turned off early in the ripening process. The ratio of PPO protein to total proteins per fruit apparently remains stable regardless of the stage of development, whereas PPO specific activity peaks at the breaker stage. These results suggest that, in addition to a transcriptional control of PPO expression, other regulation factors such as translational and posttranslational controls also occur. (+info)A hemocyte-like cell line established from the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae expresses six prophenoloxidase genes. (7/360)
Cell lines from the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae have been established as a tool for the study of the mosquito innate immune system in vitro. Here, we describe the first continuous insect cell line that produces prophenoloxidase (PPO). This cell line (4a-3B) expresses constitutively six PPO genes, three of which are novel (PPO4, PPO5, and PPO6). The PPO genes show distinct temporal expression profiles in the intact mosquito, spanning stages from the embryo to the adult in an overlapping manner. Transient induction of larva-specific PPO genes in blood-fed adult females suggests that the developmental hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone may be involved in PPO gene regulation. Indeed, exposure of 4a-3B cells to 20-hydroxyecdysone in culture results in induction of those PPO genes that are mainly expressed in early developmental stages, and repression of PPO5, which is preferentially expressed at the adult stage. The cell line shows bacteria-induced immune transcripts that encode defensin and Gram-negative bacteria-binding protein, but no induction of PPO transcripts. This cell line most likely derives from a hemocyte lineage, and represents an appropriate in vitro model for the study of the humoral and cellular immune defenses of A. gambiae. (+info)Studies on the phylogenetic relationships of melanogenic marine bacteria: proposal of Marinomonas mediterranea sp. nov. (8/360)
The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of the marine melanogenic strains MMB-1T and 2-40 were compared. Both contained a multifunctional PPO able to oxidize a wide range of substrates. In spite of this similarity, phylogenetic studies based on 16S rRNA sequences showed that these strains are not closely related. Strain 2-40 is not related to any previously described genus. On the basis of these studies and morphological and physiological characteristics, it is proposed that strain MMB-1T (= CECT 4803T = ATCC 700492T) represents a new species in the genus Marinomonas, Marinomonas mediterranea sp. nov. (+info)
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Many of these active ingredients work through inhibiting catechol oxidase. Some types of BB cream, VIORIS products are also ...
Morpheein
Harel, E.; Mayer, A.M. (1968). "Interconversion of sub-units of catechol oxidase from apple chloroplasts". Phytochemistry. 7 (2 ... Massey, V; Curti, B; Ganther, H (1966). "A temperature-dependent conformational change in D-amino acid oxidase and its effect ... "Association-dissociation phenomena of D-amino acid oxidase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 241 (10): 2358-66. PMID ... "Hysteresis and Positive Cooperativity of Iceberg Lettuce Polyphenol Oxidase". Biochemical and Biophysical Research ...
Aureusidin synthase
Klabunde T, Eicken C, Sacchettini JC, Krebs B (December 1998). "Crystal structure of a plant catechol oxidase containing a ... Robinson SP, Dry I (May 1992). "Broad Bean Leaf Polyphenol Oxidase Is a 60-Kilodalton Protein Susceptible to Proteolytic ... Aureusidin synthase is homologous to plant polyphenol oxidase (PPO), but contains certain significant modifications. While PPO ... a polyphenol oxidase homolog responsible for flower coloration". FEBS Letters. 499 (1-2): 107-11. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01) ...
Tyrosinase
The activity of tyrosinase is similar to catechol oxidase, a related class of copper oxidase. Tyrosinases and catechol oxidases ... In the presence of catechol, benzoquinone is formed (see reaction below). Hydrogens removed from catechol combine with oxygen ... Tyrosinase is an oxidase that is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. The enzyme is mainly ... Mayer AM (Nov 2006). "Polyphenol oxidases in plants and fungi: going places? A review". Phytochemistry. 67 (21): 2318-31. doi: ...
Hemocyanin
... also exhibits phenol oxidase activity, but with slowed kinetics from greater steric bulk at the active site. Partial ... Decker H, Tuczek F (August 2000). "Tyrosinase/catecholoxidase activity of hemocyanins: structural basis and molecular mechanism ... Hemocyanin is homologous to the phenol oxidases (e.g. tyrosinase) since both proteins share type 3 Cu active site coordination ... denaturation actually improves hemocyanin's phenol oxidase activity by providing greater access to the active site. ...
Rs4680
"An association study of catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase A polymorphisms and personality traits in Koreans". ... It is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the COMT gene that codes catechol-O-Methyltransferase. The single nucleotide ... "A possible association between the Val158Met polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyl transferase gene and the personality trait ... "Association of the functional catechol-O-methyltransferase VAL158MET polymorphism with the personality trait of extraversion". ...
Phragmatopoma californica
Catechol Oxidase Catalyzed Curing through Peptidyl-DOPA". Biomacromolecules. 14 (5): 1607-1617. doi:10.1021/bm400251k. PMID ...
Artificial enzyme
... and catechol oxidase). Artificial enzymes have been designed from scratch via a computational strategy using Rosetta. In ... Pd12 coordination cage as a photoregulated oxidase-like nanozyme was developed. An NADPH oxidase-like nanozyme was developed. A ... Cytochrome c oxidase mimicking activity of Cu2O nanoparticles was modulated by receiving electrons from cytochrome c. Fe3O4 NPs ... Oxidase-like nanoceria has been used for developing self-regulated bioassays. Multi-enzyme mimicking Prussian blue was ...
Adrenergic agonist
There is also enzymatic degradation of the catecholamines by two main enzymes - monoamine oxidase and catechol-o-methyl ...
Salomon Z. Langer
Monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyl transferase activities in cat nictitating membrane and rat and guinea-pig vas deferens ...
Revised NEO Personality Inventory
... monoamine oxidase A and catechol-O-meethyltransferase genes". Neuroscience Research. 54 (3): 180-185. doi:10.1016/j.neures. ...
Mandelic acid
... of mandelic acid are formed as a result of metabolism of adrenaline and noradrenaline by monoamine oxidase and catechol-O- ...
Food browning
Generally, it is a chemical reaction involving polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catechol oxidase, and other enzymes that create ... Polyphenols oxidases is the major reaction in the formation of melanosis in crustaceans such as shrimp. The control of ... Chelating agents − Polyphenol oxidase requires copper as a cofactor for its functionality, thus copper-chelating agents inhibit ... The rate of enzymatic browning is reflected by the amount of active polyphenol oxidases present in the food. Hence most ...
Adrenaline
... and metabolism by monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyl transferase. Extracts of the adrenal gland were first obtained by ... Oanca, Gabriel; Stare, Jernej; Mavri, Janez (December 2017). "How fast monoamine oxidases decompose adrenaline? Kinetics of ...
Homovanillic acid
... is a major catecholamine metabolite that is produced by a consecutive action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O- ...
History of catecholamine research
In the case the catecholamines, however, the enzymes of degradation monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyl transferase, like ... An enzyme tyramine oxidase described in 1928 also oxidized dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline. It was later named monoamine ... Mary Lilias Christian Hare (1928). "Tyramine oxidase. I. A new enzyme system in liver". Biochemical Journal. 22 (4): 968-979. ... In this respect, ″amino-ethanol-catechol″ - noradrenaline - mimicked sympathetic nerves more closely than adrenaline did. The ...
Bernt Krebs
1996, 35, 2024 T. Klabunde, C. Eicken, J. C. Sacchettini, B.Krebs, Crystal Structure of a Plant Catechol Oxidase - A Dicopper ... His pioneering crystal structures of purple acid phosphatase from kidney bean and of catechol oxidase from sweet potatoes have ... catechol oxidase, tyrosinase). These investigations have led to catalytically active models as thermally stable and selective ...
Dopamine
... is broken down into inactive metabolites by a set of enzymes-monoamine oxidase (MAO), catechol-O-methyl transferase ( ... Once back in the cytosol, dopamine can either be broken down by a monoamine oxidase or repackaged into vesicles by VMAT2, ... A dopamine molecule consists of a catechol structure (a benzene ring with two hydroxyl side groups) with one amine group ... Both isoforms of monoamine oxidase, MAO-A and MAO-B, effectively metabolize dopamine. Different breakdown pathways exist but ...
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
Both degradations involve the enzymes monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), albeit in reverse order ...
List of recombinant proteins
These include both catechol oxidases and tyrosinases. In additional to research, PPOs have also found applications as ... Tonin F, Rosini E, Piubelli L, Sanchez-Amat A, Pollegioni L (July 2016). "Different recombinant forms of polyphenol oxidase A, ... Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) Rasburicase, a Urate Oxidase analog sold as Elitek from Sanofi Bovine somatotropin (bST) ... Envelope protein of the hepatitis B virus marketed as Engerix-B by SmithKline Beecham HPV Vaccine proteins Polyphenol oxidases ...
List of enzymes
Catechol oxidase EC 1.10.3.1 Laccase EC 1.10.3.2 Category:EC 1.10.99 (with other acceptors) Category:EC 1.11.1 (peroxidases) ... Glucose oxidase EC 1.1.3.4 L-gulonolactone oxidase EC 1.1.3.8 Thiamine oxidase EC 1.1.3.23 Xanthine oxidase EC 1.1.3.32 ... Sarcosine oxidase EC 1.5.3.1 Dihydrobenzophenanthridine oxidase EC 1.5.3.12 Category:EC 1.5.4 (with a disulfide as acceptor) ... Urate oxidase EC 1.7.3.3 Category:EC 1.7.7 (with an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor) Category:EC 1.7.99 (with other acceptors) ...
Serafim Guimarães
Metabolizing enzymes, namely monoamine oxidase und catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), as well as carrier proteins for the ... amount of smooth muscle of venous tissue and the degree of supersensitivity to isoprenaline caused by inhibition of catechol-O- ...
Oxidative enzyme
... the oxidative enzymes like polyphenol oxidase and catechol oxidase oxidize the fruit (electrons are lost to the air). Such ... Two most common types of oxidative enzymes are peroxidases, which use hydrogen peroxide, and oxidases, which use molecular ...
List of MeSH codes (D08)
... catechol oxidase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.125.500 - monophenol monooxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170 - cytochrome p-450 ... sarcosine oxidase MeSH D08.811.682.662.640 - proline oxidase MeSH D08.811.682.662.680 - pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase MeSH ... d-amino-acid oxidase MeSH D08.811.682.664.500.261 - d-aspartate oxidase MeSH D08.811.682.664.500.398 - glutamate dehydrogenase ... proline oxidase MeSH D08.811.682.664.500.848 - protein-lysine 6-oxidase MeSH D08.811.682.664.500.924 - valine dehydrogenase ( ...
Bioadhesive
... by small molecules related to L-DOPA via a tanning reaction that is catalysed by catechol oxidase or polyphenol oxidase enzymes ...
Dopaminergic
... monoamine oxidase (MAO), and catechol O-methyl transferase (COMT) may be referred to as dopaminergic as well. Also, any ... Catechol O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors such as entacapone and tolcapone, which are used in the treatment of ... Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (MAOIs) including nonselective agents such as phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and isocarboxazid ...
Catecholamine
They can be degraded either by methylation by catechol-O-methyltransferases (COMT) or by deamination by monoamine oxidases (MAO ... Catechol can be either a free molecule or a substituent of a larger molecule, where it represents a 1,2-dihydroxybenzene group ... High levels of catecholamines can also be caused by monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) deficiency, known as Brunner syndrome. As MAO-A ... Catabolism of catecholamines is mediated by two main enzymes: catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) which is present in the ...
Catechol
... along with the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (also known as catecholase, or catechol oxidase). Upon mixing the enzyme with the ... catechol was listed as pyrocatechol. In 1879, the Journal of the Chemical Society recommended that catechol be called "catechol ... Catechol occurs as feathery white crystals that are very rapidly soluble in water. Catechol was first isolated in 1839 by Edgar ... Catechols produce quinones with the addition of ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN). Catechol is the conjugate acid of a chelating ...
Catechol oxidase
... to eliminate catechol oxidase catalytic activity, a popular strategy is decreasing the pH with citric acid. Catechol oxidase is ... In plants, catechol oxidase plays a key role in enzymatic browning by catalyzing the oxidation of catechol to o-quinone in the ... Catechol oxidase is a copper oxidase that contains a type 3 di-copper cofactor and catalyzes the oxidation of ortho-diphenols ... Polyphenol oxidases are a family of di-copper metalloenzymes that include tyrosinase and catechol oxidase. In plants, both ...
Polyphenol oxidase
... catechol oxidases). The substrate preference of tyrosinases and catechol oxidases is controlled by the amino acids around the ... A mixture of monophenol oxidase and catechol oxidase enzymes is present in nearly all plant tissues, and can also be found in ... catechol oxidase Tyrosinase "Polyphenol Oxidase". Worthington Enzyme Manual. Retrieved 13 September 2011. McLarin, Mark-Anthony ... Panis F, Kampatsikas I, Bijelic A, Rompel A (February 2020). "Conversion of walnut tyrosinase into a catechol oxidase by site ...
Glutamate decarboxylase
Catechol-O-methyl transferase. *Monoamine oxidase *A. *B. glutamate→GABA. anabolism:. *Glutamate decarboxylase ...
Antioxidant
... this catechol group undergoes extensive metabolism upon uptake in the human body, for example by catechol-O-methyl transferase ... Uric acid (UA) is an antioxidant oxypurine produced from xanthine by the enzyme xanthine oxidase, and is an intermediate ... Wu XW, Muzny DM, Lee CC, Caskey CT (January 1992). "Two independent mutational events in the loss of urate oxidase during ... the urate oxidase gene is nonfunctional, so that UA is not further broken down.[87][88] The evolutionary reasons for this loss ...
Pseudomonas
Oxidase-positive. Other characteristics that tend to be associated with Pseudomonas species (with some exceptions) include ... 2002). "Organization and transcriptional characterization of catechol degradation genes involved in carbazole degradation by ... Pseudomonas species also typically give a positive result to the oxidase test, the absence of gas formation from glucose, ...
Synephrine
O. Suzuki, T. Matsumoto, M. Oya, and Y. Katsumata (1979). "Oxidation of synephrine by type A and type B monoamine oxidase." ... Catechol O-methyltransferase; PNMT: Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase ... Studies of the metabolism of synephrine by monoamine oxidases derived from rat brain mitochondria showed that synephrine was a ...
Tolcapone
2012). "Catechol-O-methyltransferase in complex with substituted 3′-deoxyribose bisubstrate inhibitors". Acta Crystallographica ... Combining tolcapone with non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as phenelzine or tranylcypromine is contraindicated. ... Manikumar, G.; Jin, C.; Rehder, K. S. (2008). "Convenient Synthesis of Tolcapone, a Selective Catechol‐O‐methyltransferase ... such as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors; these also showed only slight effects in ...
Oxygenase
Monooxygenases, or mixed function oxidase, transfer one oxygen atom to the substrate, and reduce the other oxygen atom to water ... other dioxygenase: Catechol dioxygenase. *Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase. *Cysteine dioxygenase. *4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate ... Among the most important monooxygenases are the cytochrome P450 oxidases, responsible for breaking down numerous chemicals in ...
Pseudomonas, a enciclopedia libre
Positivos na proba da oxidase.. Outras característricas que tenden a estar asociadas coas especies do xénero Pseudomonas (con ... 2002). "Organization and transcriptional characterization of catechol degradation genes involved in carbazole degradation by ... As especies de Pseudomonas tamén dan tipicamente un resultado positivo na proba da oxidase, presentan ausencia de formación de ...
Naturally occurring phenols
Catechol melanins,. Flavolans (Condensed tannins),. Polyphenolic proteins, Polyphenols Raspberry ellagitannin, Tannic acid ... There is a risk that polyphenol oxidase (PPO) degrades the phenolic content of the sample therefore there is a need to use PPO ...
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
This has been postulated to be explained by variations of the gene which codes for the enzyme catechol-O-methyl transferase ( ... COMT (together with monoamine oxidase) is involved in breaking down catecholamines (e.g. dopamine, epinephrine, and ...
پلیفنل - ویکیپدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
The hardening of the cuticle is due to the presence of a polyphenol oxidase.[46] In crustaceans, there is a second oxidase ... Catechol and resorcinol (benzenediol) types of polyphenols have two, and pyrogallol and phloroglucinol (benzenetriol) types ... Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is an enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of o-diphenols to produce o-quinones. It is the rapid ...
List of enzymes
Catechol oxidase EC 1.10.3.1. *Laccase EC 1.10.3.2. *Category:EC 1.10.99 (with other acceptors) ... Category:EC 1.13.12 (With incorporation of one atom of oxygen (internal monooxygenases or internal mixed function oxidases)) * ...
MDMA
... is known to be metabolized by two main metabolic pathways: (1) O-demethylenation followed by catechol-O-methyltransferase ... Severe overdose resulting in death has also been reported in people who took MDMA in combination with certain monoamine oxidase ...
بازدارنده آنزیم - ویکیپدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
مهارکننده (inhibitor) آنزیم به مولکول هایی خطاب میشود که با اتصال به آنزیم ها، کاهش فعالیت آنها را در پی دارند. [۱] خیلی از داروها از این روش تاثیر میکنند مانند سولفونامید ، فیناستراید ، نئوستیگمین و بازدارندههای آنزیم مبدل آنژیوتانسین. این مهار میتواند قابل برگشت یا غیرقابل برگشت باشد. ...
Bioadhesive
... by small molecules related to L-DOPA via a tanning reaction that is catalysed by catechol oxidase or polyphenol oxidase enzymes ...
L-DOPA
... can be directly metabolized by catechol-O-methyl transferase to 3-O-methyldopa, and then further to vanillactic acid. ... Proline oxidase. *Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase. *1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase/ALDH4A1 ...
Copper
Cytochrome c oxidase is the protein that binds the O2 between a copper and an iron; the protein transfers 8 electrons to the O2 ... "DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species originating from a copper-dependent oxidation of the 2-hydroxy catechol of ... Frieden, E.; Hsieh, H.S. (1976). Ceruloplasmin: The copper transport protein with essential oxidase activity. Advances in ... The "cytochrome c oxidase activity of leucocytes and platelets" has been stated as another factor in deficiency, but the ...
Hinokitiol
It is stable to alkali and acids, forming salts or remaining unchanged, but does not convert to catechol derivatives. ... particularly tyrosinase and other polyphenol oxidases by chelating copper ions. This effect has been shown on different ...
Indole-5,6-quinone
... it is mediated by the tyrosinase type polyphenol oxidase from tyrosine and catecholamines leading to the formation of catechol ...
Catechol oxidase - Wikipedia
... to eliminate catechol oxidase catalytic activity, a popular strategy is decreasing the pH with citric acid. Catechol oxidase is ... In plants, catechol oxidase plays a key role in enzymatic browning by catalyzing the oxidation of catechol to o-quinone in the ... Catechol oxidase is a copper oxidase that contains a type 3 di-copper cofactor and catalyzes the oxidation of ortho-diphenols ... Polyphenol oxidases are a family of di-copper metalloenzymes that include tyrosinase and catechol oxidase. In plants, both ...
Catechol oxidase (dimerizing) - Wikipedia
In enzymology, a catechol oxidase (dimerizing) (EC 1.1.3.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 4 catechol + 3 ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is catechol:oxygen oxidoreductase (dimerizing). Nair PM, Vining LC (July 1964). " ... the two substrates of this enzyme are catechol and O2, whereas its two products are [[dibenzo[1,4]dioxin-2,3-dione]] and H2O. ... "Enzymic oxidation of catechol to diphenylenedioxide-2,3-quinone". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 106: 422-7. doi: ...
Thioether sulfur-bound [Cu2] complexes showing catechol oxidase activity and DNA cleaving behaviour - Dalton Transactions (RSC...
The salivary catechol oxidase/peroxidase activities of the mosquito Anopheles albimanus | Journal of Experimental Biology
Catechol Oxidase | Profiles RNS
"Catechol Oxidase" by people in this website by year, and whether "Catechol Oxidase" was a major or minor topic of these ... "Catechol Oxidase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Catechol Oxidase" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Catechol Oxidase". ...
Cupric Sulfate Hypothesis - 473 Words | Internet Public Library
If catechol oxidase is present in the selected extracts, the null hypothesis is that catechol oxidase is not present in the ... Catechol Oxidase Lab Report. 642 Words , 3 Pages. The more concentration of the enzyme, the more browning appears. Catechol ... Next, the prediction would be, if catechol oxidase doesnt differ with other enzyme sources, then the rates will ... The objective of this experiment is to test the presences of catechol oxidase in various fruits and vegetables. Our group ...
The Effects of pH on Catechol Oxidase | Sciencing
About Catechol Oxidase. Catechol is oxidized by catechol oxidase in the presence of oxygen to form benzoquinone, which, on ... diphenol oxidase and polyphenol oxidase. Potatoes, apples and bananas contain catechol oxidase which acts on colorless catechol ... Extraction of Catechol Oxidase. Catechol oxidase may be extracted from bananas or potatoes. Mash a banana with twice the volume ... To prevent this reaction, keep the catechol oxidase extract on a block of ice before you add it into each tube. Catechol is ...
Catechol oxidase activity in honey from eastern and south-eastern Anatolia
Combined analysis of association between personality traits and three functional polymorphisms in the tyrosine hydroxylase,...
... monoamine oxidase A, and catechol-O-methyltransferase genes Mamoru Tochigi 1 , Takeshi Otowa, Hiroyuki Hibino, Chieko Kato, ... Association study of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase genes with smoking behavior. Tochigi M, Suzuki K, Kato ... An association study of catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase A polymorphisms and personality traits in Koreans. ... monoamine oxidase A, and catechol-O-methyltransferase genes Mamoru Tochigi et al. Neurosci Res. 2006 Mar. ...
Synthesis and evaluation of nitrocatechol derivatives of chalcone as inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O...
Synthesis and evaluation of nitrocatechol derivatives of chalcone as inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O- ... The two isoenzymes of monoamine oxidase (MAO) are MAO-A and MAO-B. They are both flavoenzymes which are responsible for the ... while catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) will metabolise dopamine to yield to 3-O-methyldopa. These metabolic reactions ...
Catechol Oxidase Activity of a Series of New Dinuclear Copper(II)Complexes with 3,5-DTBC and TCC as Substrates: Syntheses, X...
Catechol Oxidase Activity of a Series of New Dinuclear Copper(II)Complexes with 3,5-DTBC and TCC as Substrates: Syntheses, X- ... Catechol Oxidase Activity of a Series of New Dinuclear Copper(II)Complexes with 3,5-DTBC and TCC as Substrates: Syntheses, X- ... the aim to investigate their applicability as potential structure and function models for the active site of catechol oxidase ...
Erythrocyte catechol-o-methyltransferase, platelet monoamine oxidase, and platelet phenol sulfotransferase activities in...
T1 - Erythrocyte catechol-o-methyltransferase, platelet monoamine oxidase, and platelet phenol sulfotransferase activities in ... Erythrocyte catechol-o-methyltransferase, platelet monoamine oxidase, and platelet phenol sulfotransferase activities in ... Erythrocyte catechol-o-methyltransferase, platelet monoamine oxidase, and platelet phenol sulfotransferase activities in ... Erythrocyte catechol-o-methyltransferase, platelet monoamine oxidase, and platelet phenol sulfotransferase activities in ...
Biochemical and structural characterisation of the copper containing oxidoreductases catechol oxidase, tyrosinase, and laccase...
The work focused on examination of the properties of catechol oxidases, tyrosinases and laccases. A novel catechol oxidase from ... The work focused on examination of the properties of catechol oxidases, tyrosinases and laccases. A novel catechol oxidase from ... The work focused on examination of the properties of catechol oxidases, tyrosinases and laccases. A novel catechol oxidase from ... The work focused on examination of the properties of catechol oxidases, tyrosinases and laccases. A novel catechol oxidase from ...
1BT2 CATECHOL OXIDASE FROM IPOMOEA BATATAS (SWEET POTATOES) IN THE REDUCED CU(I)-CU(I) STATE | 1BT2 A | P15056 | BRAF | Serine...
Polyphenol oxidase overexpression in transgenic Populus enhances resistance to herbivory by forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma...
In order to functionally analyze the predicted defensive role of leaf polyphenol oxidase (PPO; EC 1.10.3.1) in Populus, ... Catechol Oxidase / genetics* * Catechol Oxidase / metabolism * Crosses, Genetic * Immunity, Innate / genetics * Lepidoptera / ... Polyphenol oxidase overexpression in transgenic Populus enhances resistance to herbivory by forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma ... In order to functionally analyze the predicted defensive role of leaf polyphenol oxidase (PPO; EC 1.10.3.1) in Populus, ...
Enzyme Explorer Assay Library | Sigma-Aldrich
CATH Superfamily 1.10.1280.10
Light skin in Japanese culture - Wikipedia
Norepinephrine (Professional Patient Advice) - Drugs.com
Tyrosinases from crustaceans form hexamers | Biochemical Journal
MEDLINE - Resultado p gina 1
0 (Ketoglutaric Acids); 0 (Plant Proteins); 0 (prohexadione-Ca); EC 1.10.3.1 (Catechol Oxidase); EC 1.11.1.- (Peroxidases); EC ... Catecol Oxidase/an lise. Catecol Oxidase/metabolismo. Frutas/qu mica. Frutas/efeitos dos f rmacos. Frutas/enzimologia. Frutas/ ... polyphenol oxidase, PPO; superoxide dismutase, SOD) activities in leaves and fruits of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivar ...
MEDLINE - Resultado p gina 1
Cell phone radiations affect early growth of Vigna radiata (mung bean) through biochemical alterations.
Catechol Oxidase / metabolism, radiation effects. Cellular Phone*. Electromagnetic Fields*. Environmental Exposure. Fabaceae / ... 0/Plant Proteins; EC 1.10.3.1/Catechol Oxidase; EC 1.11.1.-/Peroxidases; EC 3.2.1.1/alpha-Amylases; EC 3.2.1.2/beta-Amylase ... However, the activities of proteases, alpha-amylases, beta-amylases, polyphenol oxidases, and peroxidases were enhanced in EMF- ...
Catechol | definition of catechol by Medical dictionary
... catechol explanation free. What is catechol? Meaning of catechol medical term. What does catechol mean? ... Looking for online definition of catechol in the Medical Dictionary? ... catechol. Also found in: Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.. Related to catechol: Catechol oxidase cat·e·chol. (katĕ-kol), 1 ... catechol. a phenol containing a benzene ring with adjacent hydroxyl groups. see CATECHOLAMINE.. catechol. a compound, o- ...
Epinephrine Hydrochloride Drug Information, Professional
Biotransformation-Metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).. Additional Dosing ... Epinephrine-Metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). {47}. Isoproterenol-Metabolism in ... Biotransformation-Metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).. Precautions to consider:. ... Biotransformation-Metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).. Precautions to consider:. ...
Magiran | International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research، Volume:1 Issue: 7, 2013
... so increases the activity of polyphenol oxidase Keywords: polyphenol oxidase, Catechol, Pyrogallol, SDS, Solanum lycopersicum ... The activity of small cherry PPO was also enhanced 1.7-fold by exposure to SDS at pH 8.0 in presence of catechol, 1.8-fold by ... we investigated the effect of SDS on the rate of catechol oxidation by small cherry tomato partial purified PPO. PPO activity ... Therefore sodium dodesyl sulphate is an activator of polyphenol oxidase that can probably change latent form of enzyme to ...
Midterm 2 Review Flashcards by Kiana Hagerty | Brainscape
Changes in monoamine oxidase and monoamines with human development and aging | SpringerLink
Influence of age on monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase in rat tissues. Life Sci. 6: 581, 1967.PubMedCrossRef ... Monoamine Oxidase Blood Platelet Amine Oxidase Monoamine Oxidase Activity Monoamine Metabolite These keywords were added by ... Blood monoamine oxidase levels in pregnancy and during the menstrual cycle. J. Psychosomatic Res. 15: 215, 1971.CrossRefGoogle ... Serum monoamine oxidase (MAO) in diabetes mellitus and some other internal diseases. Acta Med. Scand. 184: 105, 1968.PubMed ...
Effect of temperature and ligand protonation on the electronic ground state in Cu(ii) polymers having unusual secondary...
How Placebos Change the Patient's Brain | Neuropsychopharmacology
Leuchter AF, McCracken JT, Hunter AM, Cook IA, Alpert JE (2009). Monoamine oxidase a and catechol-o-methyltransferase ... O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase A in subjects with major depressive disorder. Subjects with monoamine oxidase A G/T ... Subjects with ValMet catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphisms coding for a lower-activity form of the enzyme (2 Met alleles) ... examined the relationship between placebo responses and polymorphisms in genes encoding the catabolic enzymes catechol- ...
COMT1.10.3.11.14.18.1TyrosinaseNADPHEnzymesOxidationInhibitorPolyphenol Oxidase ActivityInhibitors of catechol-O-methyltransferaMetabolismPhenolAmine OxidaseDopamine agonistsVariety of substituted catecholsPeroxidaseTyrosineActivityPeroxidasesCharacterizationReactionBilirubin OxidaseProteinLaccasesEnzymaticComplexesOxidoreductasePyrocatecholDescriptorPhenolicPhagocyteNeutrophilSubstancesFungusCorrelateGenesMetabolitesPresence of oxygenDerivativesBananasActivatesExtractBenzoquinoneGenetic
COMT10
- In the present study, we investigated the association between personality traits and systematic combination of functional polymorphisms in three genes that regulate the metabolism of catecholamines, namely, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). (cdc.gov)
- In the periphery, levodopa will be metabolised to dopamine by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), while catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) will metabolise dopamine to yield to 3-O-methyldopa. (nwu.ac.za)
- Dopamine agonists may also be used, as well as inhibitors of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) or monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B). Physical, occupational, and speech therapy may help. (nih.gov)
- The arsenal of pharmacotherapies includes L-Dopa, several dopamine agonists, inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B and catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT), and amantadine. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The symptomatic treatment of the motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) has been constantly optimized using pharmacotherapy (L-Dopa, several dopamine agonists, inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B and catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT), and amantadine), deep brain stimulation, and physiotherapy. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The two most important genes in this pathway are MAO-A (monoamine oxidase A) and COMT (catechol-o-methyltransferase) (Please see Figure 1). (greatplainslaboratory.com)
- Catechol-O-methltransferase (COMT) is present in the body in two different forms. (greatplainslaboratory.com)
- The short form is called soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase (S-COMT). (greatplainslaboratory.com)
- The longer form is called membrane-bound catechol-O-methyltransferase (MB-COMT). (greatplainslaboratory.com)
- Metabolised in the liver and in other tissues by the enzymes catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase (MAO). (mims.com)
1.10.3.11
- Catechol oxidase (EC 1.10.3.1), tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1), and laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) are copper-containing metalloenzymes. (vtt.fi)
1.14.18.11
- It is different from tyrosinase, EC 1.14.18.1 , which can catalyse both the monooxygenation of monophenols and the oxidation of catechols. (kegg.jp)
Tyrosinase8
- Polyphenol oxidases are a family of di-copper metalloenzymes that include tyrosinase and catechol oxidase. (wikipedia.org)
- The key difference between the two related enzymes is that tyrosinase can catalyze the hydroxylation of monophenols to diphenols (monophenolase activity) as well as the oxidation of the o-diphenol to the o-quinone (diphenolase activity) whereas catechol oxidase only possesses diphenolase activity. (wikipedia.org)
- While the active site of both tyrosinase and catechol oxidase contain the di-copper center, variations in each enzyme's respective structure result in differing activity. (wikipedia.org)
- This precludes the bidentate coordination complex necessary for di-phenolate hydroxylation characteristic of tyrosinase but absent in catechol oxidase. (wikipedia.org)
- This enzyme is also known by other names, such as tyrosinase, diphenol oxidase and polyphenol oxidase. (sciencing.com)
- Characterization of polyphenol oxidase by activity staining suggests that the enzyme is a tyrosinase/catechol oxidase. (usda.gov)
- 1927. The action of tyrosinase on phenols with some observation on the classification of oxidases. (springer.com)
- The principal enzymes that produce the color changes are the peroxidases, the oxidases (classed as laccases or phenolases by some authors), and tyrosinase. (chestofbooks.com)
NADPH34
- Here we show that microglia also express Nox1 and other components of nonphagocyte NADPH oxidases, including p22 phox , NOXO1, NOXA1, and Rac1/2. (jneurosci.org)
- Mechanistically, rotenone stimulated the release of superoxide from microglia that was attenuated by inhibitors of NADPH oxidase. (jneurosci.org)
- Furthermore, inhibition of NADPH oxidase or scavenging of superoxide significantly reduced the rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. (jneurosci.org)
- Angiotensin II is known to stimulate NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide (O 2 − ) generation, which may contribute to the acute renal vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic actions of this peptide. (ahajournals.org)
- These results indicate the presence of an endogenous NADPH oxidase-dependent O 2 − generation that may modulate renal function by scavenging NO. Angiotensin II infusion reduced renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, sodium excretion, and NO levels in a dose-dependent manner. (ahajournals.org)
- The angiotensin receptor antagonist valsartan, tempol, or apocynin blunted the angiotensin effects on renal excretion and NO, suggesting that angiotensin receptors stimulation induces the NADPH oxidase-dependent O 2 − generation that might reduce NO bioavailability. (ahajournals.org)
- These results indicate that some of the acute renal effects of angiotensin II may be enhanced by an increased NADPH oxidase-derived O 2 − production that reduces renal NO bioavailability. (ahajournals.org)
- 1 The major enzyme responsible for vascular O 2 − appears to be NADPH oxidase, 2 which catalyzes the production of O 2 − by the reduction of oxygen. (ahajournals.org)
- 3 O 2 − is known to avidly react with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite, 4 thus diminishing the half-life of NO. Ang II regulates 5 and increases NADPH oxidase-dependent O 2 − production in cultured VSMCs, 6 in aortic adventitial fibroblasts, 7 and in mesangial cells. (ahajournals.org)
- 9 The mRNA encoding the 5 subunits of the classic phagocyte NADPH oxidase and the proteins p22phox, p47phox, and p67phox have been shown to be present in the normal adult rat kidney. (ahajournals.org)
- Although the experimental evidence supports a role for O 2 − in the regulation of renal function, little is known about the renal effects of NADPH oxidase inhibitors or O 2 − scavengers in vivo. (ahajournals.org)
- In addition, the contribution of NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of O 2 − to the acute renal actions of Ang II remains to be established. (ahajournals.org)
- In the present study, the response to intrarenal infusions of a NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and a SOD mimetic (tempol) were evaluated to exclude that sources of superoxide other than NADPH oxidase may regulate renal function. (ahajournals.org)
- Several enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species have been suggested: uncoupled endothelial NO synthase, xanthine oxidase, and NADPH oxidases. (ahajournals.org)
- Here we show that increased reactive oxygen species formation in aortas of 12- to 14-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats versus age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats is inhibited by the specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor VAS2870 but neither by the xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol nor the NO synthase inhibitor N G -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester. (ahajournals.org)
- NADPH oxidase activity, as well as protein expression of its catalytic subunits, NOX1 and NOX2, was increased in the aortas of spontaneously hypertensive rats, whereas the expression of NOX4 protein, the most abundant NOX isoform, was not significantly changed. (ahajournals.org)
- Importantly, these NOX isoforms, in particular, ectopic expression of NOX1 in endothelial cells, appear to affect vascular function in an NADPH oxidase inhibitor-reversible manner. (ahajournals.org)
- NADPH oxidases may, thus, be a novel target for the treatment of systemic hypertension. (ahajournals.org)
- 8,9 More recently, NADPH oxidases have been added as a major source of ROS 10 in resistance and conduit arteries. (ahajournals.org)
- 1-3 At least 3 catalytic NADPH oxidase subunits (NOXs) are expressed in the rodent vasculature, NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4, of which the latter appears to have the highest expression levels. (ahajournals.org)
- The expression of other noncatalytic, regulatory subunits of NADPH oxidases correlate with hypertension, 13 for example, p47phox 4 and p22phox. (ahajournals.org)
- 3 Nevertheless, proof of principle for the role of individual vascular NOX isoforms or NADPH oxidase in hypertension and for their therapeutic targeting is rare. (ahajournals.org)
- This knowledge gap is mainly attributed to the lack of potent and specific NADPH oxidase inhibitors 14,15 and antibodies. (ahajournals.org)
- An excellent animal model to investigate the possible role of NADPH oxidases as a quantitative relevant source of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in hypertension is the aged SHR, because ROS generation and endothelial dysfunction in these rats is even more pronounced than in younger SHRs. (ahajournals.org)
- In contrast to NOS and XOD inhibitors, the apparently specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor 3-benzyl-7-(2-benzoxazolyl)thio-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-di]pyrimidine (VAS2870) 20-22 reduced vascular ROS production and regenerated endothelium-dependent relaxation in aortas of aged SHRs. (ahajournals.org)
- Phagocytosis via Fcγ or complement receptors by PMN is usually accompanied by the formation of a spectrum of aggressive oxidants initiated by the action of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase ( 8 ). (jimmunol.org)
- The present study was designed to determine whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate endothelial dysfunction after H/R in cerebral resistance arteries and, if so, the relative contribution of ROS, NADPH oxidase, and a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. (ahajournals.org)
- H/R-impaired vasodilation to Ach was also preserved by apocynin (1 mmol/L), a specific inhibitor for NADPH oxidase. (ahajournals.org)
- Conclusions- These results indicate that superoxide mediates cerebral endothelial dysfunction after hypoxia/reoxygenation largely via activation of NADPH oxidase and possibly activation of NF-κB pathway. (ahajournals.org)
- Oral administration of the NADPH-oxidase inhibitor apocynin partially restores diminished cartilage proteoglycan synthesis and reduces inflammation in mice," European Journal of Pharmacology , vol. 531, no. 1-3, pp. 264-269, 2006. (hindawi.com)
- Apocynin prevents cyclooxygenase 2 expression in human monocytes through NADPH oxidase and glutathione redox-dependent mechanisms," Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 156-165, 2004. (hindawi.com)
- Inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation in endothelial cells by ortho-methoxy-substituted catechols," Endothelium , vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 191-203, 2002. (hindawi.com)
- Effect of NADPH oxidase inhibition on cardiopulmonary bypass-induced lung injury," American Journal of Physiology , vol. 287, no. 2, pp. (hindawi.com)
- J. M. Dodd-o and D. B. Pearse, "Effect of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on ischemia-reperfusion lung injury," American Journal of Physiology , vol. 279, no. 1, pp. (hindawi.com)
Enzymes7
- Other pharmacologic treatments include drugs that inhibit dopamine-metabolizing enzymes (monoamine oxidase-B and catechol O -methyltransferase). (aafp.org)
- Preferred phenol oxidising enzymes are laccase, peroxidase, catechol oxidase. (sumobrain.com)
- With respect to the molecular source of these ROS, several enzymes have been suggested, including uncoupled endothelial NO synthase (NOS) 7 and xanthine oxidase (XOD). (ahajournals.org)
- We have observed that the Cu II complex of a C-terminal truncated amyloid-β (CuAβ 1-20 ) is soluble and able to catalyze reactions consistent with the activities of the Type-3 copper enzymes phenol monooxygenase and catechol oxidase. (usf.edu)
- If the substances with the catechol grouping are present in plant tissue, but enzymes are not present, browning of the tissue in injury takes place slowly, but with oxygenase and peroxidase oxidation occurs rapidly and the material turns brown on injury. (chestofbooks.com)
- Among the main classes of plant enzymes, the polyphenol oxidases, which convert phenolic compounds to the related quinones, have been successfully used for biosensor development. (mdpi.com)
- TNF-α elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in smooth muscle cells of intact arteries, and this increase was prevented by apocynin or diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), both of which are NAD(P)H oxidase blockers, but was unaffected by inhibitors of other ROS-generating enzymes. (physiology.org)
Oxidation8
- Catechol oxidase is a copper oxidase that contains a type 3 di-copper cofactor and catalyzes the oxidation of ortho-diphenols into ortho-quinones coupled with the reduction of molecular oxygen to water. (wikipedia.org)
- In plants, catechol oxidase plays a key role in enzymatic browning by catalyzing the oxidation of catechol to o-quinone in the presence of oxygen, which can rapidly polymerize to form the melanin that grants damaged fruits their dark brown coloration. (wikipedia.org)
- At pH 7, the enzyme is most active and rapidly catalyzes the oxidation of catechol to give the dark, brown color. (sciencing.com)
- Catechol oxidases and tyrosinases catalyse the oxidation of p-substituted o-diphenols to the corresponding o-quinones. (vtt.fi)
- we investigated the effect of SDS on the rate of catechol oxidation by small cherry tomato partial purified PPO. (magiran.com)
- The rate of oxidation of tyrosine, p-cresol and catechol by potato enzyme diminished as H 2 O 2 concentration increased. (springer.com)
- The oxidation of catechol to o-quinone catalyzed by CuAβ 1-20 shows remarkable rate accelerations of 3.25 × 10 5 and 1.12 × 10 6 in terms of the first-order rate constant kcat in aqueous solution at pH 7.0 in the absence and presence of 25 mM H 2 O 2 , respectively. (usf.edu)
- A type 3 copper protein that catalyses exclusively the oxidation of catechol (i.e., o-diphenol) to the corresponding o-quinone. (kegg.jp)
Inhibitor4
- We also applied commercial, purified catalase on tomato and measured the activity of defensive proteins - trypsin proteinase inhibitor, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase. (elsevier.com)
- Also, catalase suppressed the induction of tomato trypsin proteinase inhibitor levels, but not the induction of polyphenol oxidase or peroxidase. (elsevier.com)
- Correspondingly, H/R significantly increased lucigenin-detectable superoxide, which was reduced by either Tempo or apocynin, but not by allopurinol (10 μmol/L), an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. (ahajournals.org)
- For patients taking carbidopa/levodopa who have motor complications, adjunctive therapy with a dopamine agonist, a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor, or a catechol O -methyltransferase inhibitor will improve motor symptoms and functional status, but with an increase in dyskinesias. (aafp.org)
Polyphenol Oxidase Activity4
- Alternative splicing in the coding region of Ppo-A1 directly influences the polyphenol oxidase activity in common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. (springer.com)
- The differences in expression of Ppo-A1a and Ppo-A1b were confirmed by PPO activity assays and whole grain staining, providing direct evidence for the influence of alternative splicing in the coding region of Ppo-A1 on polyphenol oxidase activity in common wheat grains. (springer.com)
- Anderson JV, Morris CF (2001) An improved whole-seed assay for screening wheat germplasm for polyphenol oxidase activity. (springer.com)
- Bhattacharya M, Luo Q, Corke H (1999) Time-dependent changes in dough color in hexaploid wheat landraces differing in polyphenol oxidase activity. (springer.com)
Inhibitors of catechol-O-methyltransfera1
- inhibitors of catechol-o-methyltransferase (e.g., entacapone), and monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors (e.g., deprenyl). (thefreedictionary.com)
Metabolism1
- MAO-A Monoamine oxidase A is important for the metabolism (breakdown) of biogenic amines such as the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin (figure 2). (greatplainslaboratory.com)
Phenol4
- Dopamine is metabolized by oxidative deamination catalyzed by monoamine oxidase, O-methylation catalyzed by catechol-O-methyltransferase, and sulfate conjugation catalyzed by phenol sulfotransferase. (elsevier.com)
- This study was performed to determine whether platelet monoamine oxidase, red blood cell catechol-O-methyltransferase and platelet phenol sulfotransferase enzymatic activities in patients with prolactinomas were quantitatively different from the same enzyme activities in blood samples from normal subjects. (elsevier.com)
- differences between phenol and Catechol estrogens. (thefreedictionary.com)
- A process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the phenol oxidising enzyme is a phenolic oxidase or a peroxidase. (sumobrain.com)
Amine Oxidase1
- DuBois JL and Klinman JP (2006) Role of a strictly conserved active site tyrosine in cofactor genesis in the copper amine oxidase from Hansenula polymorpha. (els.net)
Dopamine agonists3
- The combination of carbidopa and levodopa is the most effective treatment, but dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors are also effective, and are less likely to cause dyskinesias. (aafp.org)
- Carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet), nonergot dopamine agonists, or monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors should be used for initial treatment of Parkinson disease. (aafp.org)
- Nonergot dopamine agonists, catechol O -methyltransferase inhibitors, or monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors should be added to levodopa to treat motor complications in advanced Parkinson disease. (aafp.org)
Variety of substituted catechols2
- It is a complex of copper-containing proteins that acts also on a variety of substituted catechols. (wakehealth.edu)
- The enzyme also acts on a variety of substituted catechols. (kegg.jp)
Peroxidase1
- A plant oxidase is made up of three components: (1) An enzyme, termed oxygenase, (2) an aromatic substance containing an ortho-dihydroxy grouping such as that in catechol, and (3) a peroxidase. (chestofbooks.com)
Tyrosine1
- However, eumelanin, synthesized from tyrosine via L-DOPA and polyphenol oxidases (PPOs), may also be present in this genus since L-DOPA is frequently detected in culture fluids of several species. (frontiersin.org)
Activity10
- PO activity was determined in a 96-well microplate in a total reaction volume of 300 [micro]L per well with catechol as the substrate, according to the method described by Benjamin & Montgomery (1913). (thefreedictionary.com)
- The most effective concentration of SDS was 0.8, 1 and 1.25 mM in according to pH and type of substrate, where the measured activity was 0.074 and 0.247 units/mg.protein at pH 6.7 and 0.159 and 0.118 unit/mg.protein at pH 8 for catechol and pyrogallol, respectively. (magiran.com)
- The activity of small cherry PPO was also enhanced 1.7-fold by exposure to SDS at pH 8.0 in presence of catechol, 1.8-fold by exposure to SDS at pH 8.0 in presence of pyrogallol, 2.3-fold by exposure to SDS at pH 6.7 in presence of catechol and 2.6-fold by exposure to SDS at pH 6.7 in presence of pyrogallol. (magiran.com)
- Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity has a significant positive correlation with age in plasma and blood platelets of normal subjects and patients suffering from depressive disorders. (springer.com)
- Increased monoamine oxidase activity during the development of cardiac hypertrophy in the rat. (springer.com)
- Both complexes act as functional models and show catechol oxidase activity with a k cat value of the order of 10 3 h −1 . (rsc.org)
- This pharmacologically complex tea, commonly obtained from Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis , combines N,N -dimethyltryptamine (DMT), an orally labile psychedelic agent showing 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A agonist activity, with monoamine oxidase (MAO)-inhibiting β-carboline alkaloids (harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine). (aspetjournals.org)
- Enzyme assays in the presence of polyphenol oxidase inhibitors support the results of the activity staining. (usda.gov)
- Red clover ( Trifolium pratense ) leaves contain high levels of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and o -diphenol substrates. (plantphysiol.org)
- In vitro assays of catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase showed little change in activity upon adrenergic denervation. (ahajournals.org)
Peroxidases1
- However, the activities of proteases, alpha-amylases, beta-amylases, polyphenol oxidases, and peroxidases were enhanced in EMF-exposed radicles indicating their role in providing protection against EMF-induced stress. (biomedsearch.com)
Characterization1
- Expression and characterization of a Drosophila lysyl oxidase. (els.net)
Reaction9
- Although a crystal structure of catechol oxidase has been solved, questions concerning the exact mechanism of the reaction remain. (wikipedia.org)
- An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between catechol and oxygen to yield benzoquinone and water. (wakehealth.edu)
- Locate the peak of this plot and identify the optimum pH for the catechol oxidase reaction. (sciencing.com)
- To prevent this reaction, keep the catechol oxidase extract on a block of ice before you add it into each tube. (sciencing.com)
- The reaction products of these oxidases can react further non-enzymatically and lead to formation of polymers and cross-linking of proteins and carbohydrates, in certain conditions. (vtt.fi)
- A novel bilirubin oxidase is provided having a substrate specificity for bilirubin but not to, at least, biliverdin, catechol and hemin and which catalyzes the enzyme reaction between two moles of bilirubin and one mole of oxygen to yield two moles of biliverdin and two moles of water. (google.ca)
- 1. A bilirubin oxidase possessing a substrate specificity for bilirubin but not to biliverdin, catechol and hemin, said bilirubin oxidase catalyzing the enzyme reaction between two moles of bilirubin and one mole of oxygen to yield two moles of biliverdin and two moles of water, said bilirubin oxidase being in purified form. (google.ca)
- 6. A method for eliminating bilirubin contained in a sample to be analyzed, comprising contacting the sample with a bilirubin oxidase having a substrate specificity for bilirubin but not to biliverdin, catechol and hemin and catalyzing the enzyme reaction between two moles of bilirubin and one mole of oxygen to yield two moles of biliverdin and two moles of water. (google.ca)
- Copper ion vs copper metal-organic framework catalyzed NO release from bioavailable S-Nitrosoglutathione en route to biomedical applications: Direct 1H NMR monitoring in water allowing identification of the distinct, true reaction stoichiometries and thiol dependencies. (medworm.com)
Bilirubin Oxidase2
- A process is also provided for the production of said novel bilirubin oxidase, which comprises cultivating a bilirubin oxidase-producing fungus of the genus Penicillium in a culture medium and collecting the bilirubin oxidase from the culture mixture. (google.ca)
- 3. A process for the production of bilirubin oxidase, comprising cultivating a bilirubin oxidase-producing fungus of the strain Penicillium janthinellum M 5613 deposited at the Institute of Microbiological Industry and Technology of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology Japan under deposition No. FERM BP-1674. (google.ca)
Protein5
- Catechol oxidase is nuclear-encoded, and its N-terminal end contains a signal peptide that directs the protein to the chloroplast thylakoid lumen, where it can either be soluble or loosely associated with the thylakoid membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- Finally, an evaluation of the protein cross-linking ability of catechol oxidase from A. oryzae, tyrosinases from T. reesei and A. bisporus and laccases from Trametes hirsuta, Thielavia arenaria, and Melanocarpus albomyces was performed. (vtt.fi)
- Consequently, the protein was classified as a catechol oxidase. (vtt.fi)
- Anderson JV, Morris CF (2003) Purification and analysis of wheat grain polyphenol oxidase (PPO) protein. (springer.com)
- It is a copper protein that acts also on catechols, catalyzing some of the same reactions as CATECHOL OXIDASE. (nih.gov)
Laccases1
- The work focused on examination of the properties of catechol oxidases, tyrosinases and laccases. (vtt.fi)
Enzymatic3
- In order to better understand how to prevent enzymatic greenning, it is important to understand kinetic properties of polyphenol oxidase. (magiran.com)
- The assay optimization was performed using a 0.1 mM catechol probe, taking into account the amount of enzymatic extract (50 or 200 μL) and the optimum pH (3.0 to 9.0) as well as some electrochemical differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) parameters (e.g., pulse amplitude, pulse range, pulse width, scan rate). (mdpi.com)
- J. W. Daly, J. Axelrod, and B. Witkop, "Dynamic aspects of enzymatic O-methylation and -demethylation of catechols in vitro and in vivo," The Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol. 235, pp. 1155-1159, 1960. (hindawi.com)
Complexes2
- A series of dinuclear copper(II) complexes has been synthesized with the aim to investigate their applicability as potential structure and function models for the active site of catechol oxidase enzyme. (iisc.ac.in)
- Functional mimics of catechol oxidase by mononuclear copper complexes of sterically demanding [NNO] ligands. (howard.edu)
Oxidoreductase1
- The systematic name of this enzyme class is catechol:oxygen oxidoreductase (dimerizing). (wikipedia.org)
Pyrocatechol1
- 2. Term loosely used for catechin, which contains an o -catechol moiety, and as the root of catecholamines, which are pyrocatechol derivatives. (thefreedictionary.com)
Descriptor1
- Catechol Oxidase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)
Phenolic2
- A process according to claim 11, wherein the phenolic oxidase is selected from the group consisting of catechol oxidase, laccase and mixtures thereof. (sumobrain.com)
- A process according to claim 12, wherein the phenolic oxidase is a laccase. (sumobrain.com)
Phagocyte1
- In this study, we first show that microglia express catalytically active Nox1 in addition to the phagocyte oxidase. (jneurosci.org)
Neutrophil1
- R. A. Clark, B. D. Volpp, K. G. Leidal, and W. M. Nauseef, "Two cytosolic components of the human neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase translocate to the plasma membrane during cell activation," Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 714-721, 1990. (hindawi.com)
Substances3
- There may be several substances with the catechol grouping, i.e., two hydroxyl groups in the ortho position, found in plants. (chestofbooks.com)
- Bananas sometimes contain substances with the catechol grouping, and sometimes they are absent from the flesh but are found in the skin. (chestofbooks.com)
- This darkening may be due to tannic substances which contain a catechol group or oxidases or both. (chestofbooks.com)
Fungus1
- A novel catechol oxidase from the ascomycete fungus Aspergillus oryzae was characterised from biochemical and structural point of view. (vtt.fi)
Correlate1
- Monoamine oxidase and age correlate positively in hindbrain and in eight separate areas of human brains from patients who died from a variety of causes. (springer.com)
Genes1
- Association study of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase genes with smoking behavior. (cdc.gov)
Metabolites1
- A significant relationship of equilibrium can be identified between the 2 and 16 hydroxy catechol metabolites. (thefreedictionary.com)
Presence of oxygen1
- Catechol is oxidized by catechol oxidase in the presence of oxygen to form benzoquinone, which, on exposure to air, forms melanin. (sciencing.com)
Derivatives1
- Syntheses and antibacterial activities of diterpene catechol derivatives with abietane, totarane and podocarpane skeletons against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes. (thefreedictionary.com)
Bananas3
- Potatoes, apples and bananas contain catechol oxidase which acts on colorless catechol and converts it to brown-colored melanin. (sciencing.com)
- Catechol oxidase may be extracted from bananas or potatoes. (sciencing.com)
- Bananas as well as potatoes contain catechol. (sciencing.com)
Activates1
- In summary, our data indicate that TNF-α activates NAD(P)H oxidase, resulting in an increase in intracellular H 2 O 2 that stimulates Ca 2+ sparks and transient K Ca currents, leading to a reduction in global [Ca 2+ ] i , and vasodilation. (physiology.org)
Extract2
- Alternatively, blend a banana with water to obtain the catechol oxidase extract. (sciencing.com)
- Add 10 drops of catechol oxidase extract into each of these tubes, followed by 10 drops of catechol. (sciencing.com)
Benzoquinone1
- Thus, tissue damage facilitates the interaction of catechol oxidase with its substrate to produce o-benzoquinone, which can polymerize non-enzymatically to yield melanins that form an insoluble barrier for wound protection. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic1
- Demeke T, Morris CF, Campbell KG, King GE, Anderson JA, Chang HG (2001) Wheat polyphenol oxidase: distribution and genetic mapping in three inbred line populations. (springer.com)