Casein Kinase II
Casein Kinases
A group of protein-serine-threonine kinases that was originally identified as being responsible for the PHOSPHORYLATION of CASEINS. They are ubiquitous enzymes that have a preference for acidic proteins. Casein kinases play a role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION by phosphorylating a variety of regulatory cytoplasmic and regulatory nuclear proteins.
Caseins
Casein Kinase I
A casein kinase that was originally described as a monomeric enzyme with a molecular weight of 30-40 kDa. Several ISOENZYMES of casein kinase I have been found which are encoded by separate genes. Many of the casein kinase I isoenzymes have been shown to play distinctive roles in intracellular SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION.
Protein Kinases
Casein Kinase Iepsilon
Phosphorylation
Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases
Casein Kinase Idelta
Casein Kinase Ialpha
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
A multifunctional calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subtype that occurs as an oligomeric protein comprised of twelve subunits. It differs from other enzyme subtypes in that it lacks a phosphorylatable activation domain that can respond to CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE.
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
A CALMODULIN-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins. This enzyme is also sometimes dependent on CALCIUM. A wide range of proteins can act as acceptor, including VIMENTIN; SYNAPSINS; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE; MYOSIN LIGHT CHAINS; and the MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p277)
Amino Acid Sequence
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Serine
Peptide Mapping
Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture of PROTEINS, by ELECTROPHORESIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; or MASS SPECTROMETRY. The resulting peptide fingerprints are analyzed for a variety of purposes including the identification of the proteins in a sample, GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS, patterns of gene expression, and patterns diagnostic for diseases.
Substrate Specificity
Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
Phosphotransferases that catalyzes the conversion of 1-phosphatidylinositol to 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Many members of this enzyme class are involved in RECEPTOR MEDIATED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and regulation of vesicular transport with the cell. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases have been classified both according to their substrate specificity and their mode of action within the cell.
Protein Kinase C
An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.
MAP Kinase Signaling System
An intracellular signaling system involving the MAP kinase cascades (three-membered protein kinase cascades). Various upstream activators, which act in response to extracellular stimuli, trigger the cascades by activating the first member of a cascade, MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES; (MAPKKKs). Activated MAPKKKs phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES which in turn phosphorylate the MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; (MAPKs). The MAPKs then act on various downstream targets to affect gene expression. In mammals, there are several distinct MAP kinase pathways including the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway, the SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun kinase) pathway, and the p38 kinase pathway. There is some sharing of components among the pathways depending on which stimulus originates activation of the cascade.
Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
Phosphothreonine
Base Sequence
CDC2 Protein Kinase
Phosphoprotein with protein kinase activity that functions in the G2/M phase transition of the CELL CYCLE. It is the catalytic subunit of the MATURATION-PROMOTING FACTOR and complexes with both CYCLIN A and CYCLIN B in mammalian cells. The maximal activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 is achieved when it is fully dephosphorylated.
Protein Binding
Cattle
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Cloning, Molecular
Enzyme Activation
src-Family Kinases
A PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE family that was originally identified by homology to the Rous sarcoma virus ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(V-SRC). They interact with a variety of cell-surface receptors and participate in intracellular signal transduction pathways. Oncogenic forms of src-family kinases can occur through altered regulation or expression of the endogenous protein and by virally encoded src (v-src) genes.
Threonine
Isoenzymes
Binding Sites
Macromolecular Substances
Rabbits
Benzylamines
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate
A highly anionic organic phosphate which is present in human red blood cells at about the same molar ratio as hemoglobin. It binds to deoxyhemoglobin but not the oxygenated form, therefore diminishing the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. This is essential in enabling hemoglobin to unload oxygen in tissue capillaries. It is also an intermediate in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1). (From Stryer Biochemistry, 4th ed, p160; Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p508)
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
DNA-Binding Proteins
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Phosvitin
Calmodulin
A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels.
p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that regulates a variety of cellular processes including CELL GROWTH PROCESSES; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; APOPTOSIS; and cellular responses to INFLAMMATION. The P38 MAP kinases are regulated by CYTOKINE RECEPTORS and can be activated in response to bacterial pathogens.
Mutation
Transfection
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Chromatography, Ion Exchange
Precipitin Tests
Enzyme Inhibitors
HeLa Cells
Heparin
A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.
Cell Nucleus
Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Blotting, Western
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
Phosphoprotein Phosphatases
Adenosine Triphosphate
JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Glycogen Synthase Kinases
A class of protein-serine-threonine kinases that was originally found as one of the three types of kinases that phosphorylate GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE. Glycogen synthase kinases along with CA(2+)-CALMODULIN DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES and CYCLIC AMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES regulate glycogen synthase activity.
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
Calmodulin-Binding Proteins
Phosphorus Radioisotopes
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
p21-Activated Kinases
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
Immunoblotting
Transcription Factors
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Amino Acids
Trypsin
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases
A serine-threonine protein kinase family whose members are components in protein kinase cascades activated by diverse stimuli. These MAPK kinases phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES and are themselves phosphorylated by MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES. JNK kinases (also known as SAPK kinases) are a subfamily.
Reticulocytes
Immature ERYTHROCYTES. In humans, these are ERYTHROID CELLS that have just undergone extrusion of their CELL NUCLEUS. They still contain some organelles that gradually decrease in number as the cells mature. RIBOSOMES are last to disappear. Certain staining techniques cause components of the ribosomes to precipitate into characteristic "reticulum" (not the same as the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM), hence the name reticulocytes.
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Cells, Cultured
Nuclear Proteins
Peptide Fragments
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
Transcription, Genetic
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases
A family of protein serine/threonine kinases which act as intracellular signalling intermediates. Ribosomal protein S6 kinases are activated through phosphorylation in response to a variety of HORMONES and INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS. Phosphorylation of RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 by enzymes in this class results in increased expression of 5' top MRNAs. Although specific for RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 members of this class of kinases can act on a number of substrates within the cell. The immunosuppressant SIROLIMUS inhibits the activation of ribosomal protein S6 kinases.
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32
A phosphoprotein that was initially identified as a major target of DOPAMINE activated ADENYLYL CYCLASE in the CORPUS STRIATUM. It regulates the activities of PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE-1 and PROTEIN KINASE A, and it is a key mediator of the biochemical, electrophysiological, transcriptional, and behavioral effects of DOPAMINE.
Proto-Oncogene Proteins
Cytosol
Cytoplasm
Creatine Kinase
A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
Guanosine Triphosphate
Nucleoplasmins
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
A superfamily of PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES that are activated by diverse stimuli via protein kinase cascades. They are the final components of the cascades, activated by phosphorylation by MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES, which in turn are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES).
eIF-2 Kinase
A dsRNA-activated cAMP-independent protein serine/threonine kinase that is induced by interferon. In the presence of dsRNA and ATP, the kinase autophosphorylates on several serine and threonine residues. The phosphorylated enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of EUKARYOTIC INITIATION FACTOR-2, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis.
Chromatography, Affinity
Cyclic AMP
Carrier Proteins
Spermine
A biogenic polyamine formed from spermidine. It is found in a wide variety of organisms and tissues and is an essential growth factor in some bacteria. It is found as a polycation at all pH values. Spermine is associated with nucleic acids, particularly in viruses, and is thought to stabilize the helical structure.
DNA Primers
DNA Topoisomerases, Type II
Pyruvate Kinase
Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
Consensus Sequence
A theoretical representative nucleotide or amino acid sequence in which each nucleotide or amino acid is the one which occurs most frequently at that site in the different sequences which occur in nature. The phrase also refers to an actual sequence which approximates the theoretical consensus. A known CONSERVED SEQUENCE set is represented by a consensus sequence. Commonly observed supersecondary protein structures (AMINO ACID MOTIFS) are often formed by conserved sequences.
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
DNA, Complementary
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that is widely expressed and plays a role in regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and post mitotic functions in differentiated cells. The extracellular signal regulated MAP kinases are regulated by a broad variety of CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS and can be activated by certain CARCINOGENS.
MAP Kinase Kinase 1
Structure-Activity Relationship
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine
Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
Thymidine Kinase
Liver
Glutathione Transferase
Cell Cycle
The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Coated Vesicles
I-kappa B Kinase
Models, Biological
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)
MAP Kinase Kinase 4
3T3 Cells
Cell lines whose original growing procedure consisted being transferred (T) every 3 days and plated at 300,000 cells per plate (J Cell Biol 17:299-313, 1963). Lines have been developed using several different strains of mice. Tissues are usually fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos but other types and sources have been developed as well. The 3T3 lines are valuable in vitro host systems for oncogenic virus transformation studies, since 3T3 cells possess a high sensitivity to CONTACT INHIBITION.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Proteins and peptides that are involved in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION within the cell. Included here are peptides and proteins that regulate the activity of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and cellular processes in response to signals from CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. Intracellular signaling peptide and proteins may be part of an enzymatic signaling cascade or act through binding to and modifying the action of other signaling factors.
Caenorhabditis
Membrane Proteins
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5
Xenopus laevis
1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Cell Membrane
rho-Associated Kinases
A group of intracellular-signaling serine threonine kinases that bind to RHO GTP-BINDING PROTEINS. They were originally found to mediate the effects of rhoA GTP-BINDING PROTEIN on the formation of STRESS FIBERS and FOCAL ADHESIONS. Rho-associated kinases have specificity for a variety of substrates including MYOSIN-LIGHT-CHAIN PHOSPHATASE and LIM KINASES.
CDC2-CDC28 Kinases
Chromatography, Gel
Immunosorbent Techniques
Mitosis
Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase
An enzyme that phosphorylates myosin light chains in the presence of ATP to yield myosin-light chain phosphate and ADP, and requires calcium and CALMODULIN. The 20-kDa light chain is phosphorylated more rapidly than any other acceptor, but light chains from other myosins and myosin itself can act as acceptors. The enzyme plays a central role in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction.
Autoradiography
Isoquinolines
Cell Division
Aurora Kinases
A family of highly conserved serine-threonine kinases that are involved in the regulation of MITOSIS. They are involved in many aspects of cell division, including centrosome duplication, SPINDLE APPARATUS formation, chromosome alignment, attachment to the spindle, checkpoint activation, and CYTOKINESIS.
Calcium-Binding Proteins
Tyrosine
Plasmids
Mass Spectrometry
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
Protein Kinase C-delta
Glycyrrhizic Acid
A widely used anti-inflammatory agent isolated from the licorice root. It is metabolized to GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID, which inhibits 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES and other enzymes involved in the metabolism of CORTICOSTEROIDS. Therefore, glycyrrhizic acid, which is the main and sweet component of licorice, has been investigated for its ability to cause hypermineralocorticoidism with sodium retention and potassium loss, edema, increased blood pressure, as well as depression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Cricetinae
Protein Kinase C-alpha
GAP-43 Protein
A nervous tissue specific protein which is highly expressed in NEURONS during development and NERVE REGENERATION. It has been implicated in neurite outgrowth, long-term potentiation, SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION, and NEUROTRANSMITTER release. (From Neurotoxicology 1994;15(1):41-7) It is also a substrate of PROTEIN KINASE C.
Cell Cycle Proteins
Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
A broad category of carrier proteins that play a role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. They generally contain several modular domains, each of which having its own binding activity, and act by forming complexes with other intracellular-signaling molecules. Signal-transducing adaptor proteins lack enzyme activity, however their activity can be modulated by other signal-transducing enzymes
Drosophila
Restriction Mapping
Artemia
Period Circadian Proteins
Drosophila melanogaster
Receptor, IGF Type 2
Apoptosis
One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.
Diacylglycerol Kinase
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Protein Transport
Phloroglucinol
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
Fibroblasts
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
Intracellular signaling protein kinases that play a signaling role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. Their activity largely depends upon the concentration of cellular AMP which is increased under conditions of low energy or metabolic stress. AMP-activated protein kinases modify enzymes involved in LIPID METABOLISM, which in turn provide substrates needed to convert AMP into ATP.
Transcriptional Activation
Catalysis
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Gene Expression Regulation
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Alkaline Phosphatase
Cercopithecus aethiops
NF-kappa B
Insulin
A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).
Okadaic Acid
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Protein Phosphatase 1
A eukayrotic protein serine-threonine phosphatase subtype that dephosphorylates a wide variety of cellular proteins. The enzyme is comprised of a catalytic subunit and regulatory subunit. Several isoforms of the protein phosphatase catalytic subunit exist due to the presence of multiple genes and the alternative splicing of their mRNAs. A large number of proteins have been shown to act as regulatory subunits for this enzyme. Many of the regulatory subunits have additional cellular functions.
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B
Dietary Proteins
Phosphorylation of the DNA repair protein APE/REF-1 by CKII affects redox regulation of AP-1. (1/1209)
The DNA repair protein apurinic endonuclease (APE/Ref-1) exerts several physiological functions such as cleavage of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites and redox regulation of the transcription factor AP-1, whose activation is part of the cellular response to DNA damaging treatments. Here we demonstrate that APE/Ref-1 is phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CKII). This was shown for both the recombinant APE/Ref-1 protein (Km=0.55 mM) and for APE/Ref-1 expressed in COS cells. Phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 did not alter the repair activity of the enzyme, whereas it stimulated its redox capability towards AP-1, thus promoting DNA binding activity of AP-1. Inhibition of CKII mediated phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 blocked mutagen-stimulated increase in AP-1 binding. It also abrogated the induction of c-Jun protein and rendered cells more sensitive to induced DNA damage. Thus, phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 appears to be involved in regulating the different physiological activities of the enzyme. CKII mediated phosphorylation of APE/Ref-1 and concomitant increase in AP-1 binding activity appears to be a novel mechanism of cellular stress response, forcing transcription of AP-1 target gene(s) the product(s) of which may exert protective function. (+info)Allosteric regulation of even-skipped repression activity by phosphorylation. (2/1209)
The Drosophila homeodomain protein Even-skipped (Eve) is a well characterized transcriptional repressor. Here, we show that Eve's ability to function in vitro is negatively regulated by phosphorylation. DNA-binding activity was unaffected by phosphorylation, but phosphorylated Eve was unable to interact with the TATA-binding protein (TBP), a known target for repression. Unexpectedly, phosphorylation of the Eve N terminus, which is dispensable for repression and TBP binding, was necessary and sufficient to inactivate Eve. LiCl, which specifically inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), reduced Eve phosphorylation in nuclear extract and blocked inhibition of repression. In addition, Eve was phosphorylated and inactivated by purified GSK-3 beta plus casein kinase II. Our results suggest a novel mechanism of transcriptional control involving phosphorylation-induced allosteric interference with a repressive protein-protein interaction. (+info)Phosphorylation of yeast TBP by protein kinase CK2 reduces its specific binding to DNA. (3/1209)
Protein kinase CK2 is a ubiquitous Ser/Thr kinase which phosphorylates a large number of proteins including several transcription factors. Recombinant Xenopus laevis CK2 phosphorylates both recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe TATA binding protein (TBP). The phosphorylation of TBP by CK2 reduces its binding activity to the TATA box. CK2 copurifies with the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex from HeLa cell extracts and phosphorylates several of the TBP-associated factors within TFIID. Taken together these findings argue for a role of CK2 in the control of transcription by RNA polymerase II through the modulation of the binding activity of TBP to the TATA box. (+info)Phosphorylation of the medium chain subunit of the AP-2 adaptor complex does not influence its interaction with the tyrosine based internalisation motif of TGN38. (4/1209)
Tyrosine based motifs conforming to the consensus YXXphi (where phi represents a bulky hydrophobic residue) have been shown to interact with the medium chain subunit of clathrin adaptor complexes. These medium chains are targets for phosphorylation by a kinase activity associated with clathrin coated vesicles. We have used the clathrin coated vesicle associated kinase activity to specifically phosphorylate a soluble recombinant fusion protein of mu2, the medium chain subunit of the plasma membrane associated adaptor protein complex AP-2. We have tested whether this phosphorylation has any effect on the interaction of mu2 with the tyrosine based motif containing protein, TGN38, that has previously been shown to interact with mu2. Phosphorylation of mu2 was shown to have no significant effect on the in vitro interaction of mu2 with the cytosolic domain of TGN38, indicating that reversible phosphorylation of mu2 does not play a role in regulating its direct interaction with tyrosine based internalisation motifs. In addition, although a casein kinase II-like activity has been shown to be associated with clathrin coated vesicles, we show that mu2 is not phosphorylated by casein kinase II implying that another kinase activity is present in clathrin coated vesicles. Furthermore the kinase activity associated with clathrin coated vesicles was shown to be capable of phosphorylating dynamin 1. Phosphorylation of dynamin 1 has previously been shown to regulate its interaction with other proteins involved in clathrin mediated endocytosis. (+info)Phosphorylation of CD45 by casein kinase 2. Modulation of activity and mutational analysis. (5/1209)
CD45 is a receptor-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) that is required for antigen-specific stimulation and proliferation in lymphocytes. This study was designed to determine the nature of specific kinases in lymphocytes that phosphorylate CD45 and to determine the effect of phosphorylation on CD45 PTP activity. A major cytoplasmic lymphocyte kinase that phosphorylated CD45 was identified as casein kinase 2 (CK2) by use of an in-gel kinase assay in combination with immunoprecipitation, immunodepletion, and specific inhibition. Mutational analysis of CK2 consensus sites showed that the target for CK2 was in an acidic insert of 19 amino acids in the D2 domain, and Ser to Ala mutations at amino acids 965, 968, 969, and 973 abrogated CK2 phosphorylation of CD45. CK2 phosphorylation increased CD45 activity 3-fold toward phosphorylated myelin basic protein, and this increase was reversible by PP2A treatment. Mutation of Ser to Glu at the CK2 sites had the same effect as phosphorylation and also tripled the Vmax of CD45. CD45 isolated in vivo was highly phosphorylated and could not be phosphorylated by CK2 without prior dephosphorylation with phosphatase PP2A. We conclude that CK2 is a major lymphocyte kinase that is responsible for in vivo phosphorylation of CD45, and phosphorylation at specific CK2 sites regulates CD45 PTP activity. (+info)A modulatory role for clathrin light chain phosphorylation in Golgi membrane protein localization during vegetative growth and during the mating response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (6/1209)
The role of clathrin light chain phosphorylation in regulating clathrin function has been examined in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The phosphorylation state of yeast clathrin light chain (Clc1p) in vivo was monitored by [32P]phosphate labeling and immunoprecipitation. Clc1p was phosphorylated in growing cells and also hyperphosphorylated upon activation of the mating response signal transduction pathway. Mating pheromone-stimulated hyperphosphorylation of Clc1p was dependent on the mating response signal transduction pathway MAP kinase Fus3p. Both basal and stimulated phosphorylation occurred exclusively on serines. Mutagenesis of Clc1p was used to map major phosphorylation sites to serines 52 and 112, but conversion of all 14 serines in Clc1p to alanines [S(all)A] was necessary to eliminate phosphorylation. Cells expressing the S(all)A mutant Clc1p displayed no defects in Clc1p binding to clathrin heavy chain, clathrin trimer stability, sorting of a soluble vacuolar protein, or receptor-mediated endocytosis of mating pheromone. However, the trans-Golgi network membrane protein Kex2p was not optimally localized in mutant cells. Furthermore, pheromone treatment exacerbated the Kex2p localization defect and caused a corresponding defect in Kex2p-mediated maturation of the alpha-factor precursor. The results reveal a novel requirement for clathrin during the mating response and suggest that phosphorylation of the light chain subunit modulates the activity of clathrin at the trans-Golgi network. (+info)Antisense expression of the CK2 alpha-subunit gene in Arabidopsis. Effects on light-regulated gene expression and plant growth. (7/1209)
The protein kinase CK2 (formerly casein kinase II) is thought to be involved in light-regulated gene expression in plants because of its ability to phosphorylate transcription factors that bind to the promoter regions of light-regulated genes in vitro. To address this possibility in vivo and to learn more about the potential physiological roles of CK2 in plants, we transformed Arabidopsis with an antisense construct of the CK2 alpha-subunit gene and investigated both morphological and molecular phenotypes. Antisense transformants had a smaller adult leaf size and showed increased expression of chs in darkness and of cab and rbcS after red-light treatment. The latter molecular phenotype implied that CK2 might serve as one of several negative and quantitative effectors in light-regulated gene expression. The possible mechanism of CK2 action and its involvement in the phytochrome signal transduction pathway are discussed. (+info)Nuclear matrix targeting of the protein kinase CK2 signal as a common downstream response to androgen or growth factor stimulation of prostate cancer cells. (8/1209)
Protein kinase CK2, a messenger-independent serine/threonine kinase, has been implicated in cell growth. Androgenic stimulus in rat prostate modulates its association with nuclear matrix (NM) and chromatin. Because the growth of human prostate carcinoma cells is influenced by androgens and/or growth factors, we determined the nature of CK2 signaling in the NM in response to androgen and growth factor stimuli. Androgen-sensitive LNCaP and androgen-insensitive PC-3 cells were cultured in media to regulate their growth in the presence of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alpha-DHT) or growth factors (epidermal growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, and transforming growth factor alpha). The activity of CK2 was measured in the cytosolic and NM fractions isolated from these cells after treatment with growth stimuli. The changes in CK2 in various fractions were also confirmed by immunoblotting with a specific antibody. LNCaP cells responded to both 5alpha-DHT and growth factors for growth. The presence of these agents in the culture medium evoked a translocation of CK2 to the NM from the cytosol. The PC-3 cells did not respond to 5alpha-DHT for growth but did respond to growth factors. Under these conditions, there was also a translocation of CK2 to the NM concomitant with a decrease in the cytosolic fraction. These results suggest that CK2 translocation to the NM occurs in response to various growth stimuli in cells in culture. Thus, CK2 is a common downstream signal transducer in response to diverse growth stimuli that may relate to the pathobiology of prostate cancer cells. (+info)
Gentaur Molecular :Ray Biotech \ Recombinant Human Protein kinase Casein Kinase 2 alpha, His-tagged \ 228-10284-2
Protein Kinase Casein Kinase 2 Mediates Inhibitor-κB Kinase and Aberrant Nuclear Factor-κB Activation by Serum Factor(s) in...
Reactome | Casein kinase II phosphorylates STARD10
Pa cv engl.doc
β-TrCP- and Casein Kinase II-Mediated Degradation of Cyclin F Controls Timely Mitotic Progression. - Department of Oncology
Benzene, 1,2,3,4-tetrabromo-5-(2,3,4,6-tetrabromophenoxy)- | C12H2Br8O - PubChem
Casein Kinase II (CK2) | NEB
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression by Ikaros, HDAC1 and Casein Kinase II in leukemia<...
casein kinase II inhibitor III | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
KCNAB3 potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A regulatory beta subunit 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
Quantitative analysis of a phosphoproteome readily altered by the protein kinase CK2 inhibitor quinalizarin in HEK-293T cells. ...
CKA1 - Casein kinase II subunit alpha-1 precursor - Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) - CKA1 gene & protein
Recombinant human CKII alpha prime polypeptide protein (ab105125)
Gentaur Molecular :QED \ CKII alpha Poly \ 13028
AID 712789 - Inhibition of human CK1-gamma2 in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of doxcycline-induced LRP6 phosphorylation...
Pesquisa | Portal Regional da BVS
CSNK2A1 - Casein kinase II subunit alpha - Oryctolagus cuniculus (Rabbit) - CSNK2A1 gene & protein
Dibenzodioxin, 2,3,6,7-tetrabromo-, 1,9-dichloro
Casein kinase II, regulatory subunit (IPR000704) | InterPro | EMBL-EBI
Most recent papers with the keyword Cancer and THR | Read by QxMD
Autocatalytic tyrosine-phosphorylation of protein kinase CK2 α and α′ subunits: implication of Tyr182 | Biochemical Journal
Protein kinase CK2: a newcomer in the druggable kinome | Biochemical Society Transactions
A Molecular and Cellular View of Protein Kinase CK2 | SpringerLink
RCSB PDB
- 1LR4: Room Temperature Crystal Structure of the Apo-form of the catalytic subunit of protein kinase CK2...
Inhibition of protein kinase CK2 closes the CFTR Cl channel, but has no effect on the cystic fibrosis mutant deltaF508-CFTR. -...
HDACs - Inhibition of protein kinase CK2 prevents the progression of glomerulonephritis
CKII alpha prime polypeptide Antibody (NB100-379): Novus Biologicals
NIG-Fly - Fly Stocks of National Institute of Genetics
NIG-Fly - Fly Stocks of National Institute of Genetics
anti-CKII alpha antibody [N1C3] | GeneTex
Human Gene LY6G5B (uc031stv.1) Description and Page Index
Ser191
CK1δ Kinase Enzyme System
RCSB PDB
- 1DS5: DIMERIC CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ALPHA SUBUNIT IN COMPLEX WITH TWO BETA PEPTIDES MIMICKING THE...
Plus it
Casein Kinase Protein | CK2 | CSNK1 | CSNK2 | ProSpec
Casein kinase 2 and protein substrates are released from rat liver cells nuclei by DNase or RNase digestion<...
Protein kinase CK2 localizes to sites of DNA double-strand break regulating the cellular response to DNA damage<...
2,2′,6,6′-Tetrabromo-3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-biphenol (TTB)-flame retardant copolycarbonates and copolyesters - Kinson -...
Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of nucleolin by p34cdc2 protein kinase. | Molecular and Cellular Biology
2,5,6-TRICHLORO-1H-BENZIMIDAZOLE16865-11-5,Purity95% AstaTech Inc.
Functions and regulation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CK1 family: moving beyond promiscuity<...
Protein Kinase CK2 Triggers Cytosolic Zinc Signaling Pathways by Phosphorylation of Zinc Channel ZIP7 | Science Signaling
1H-Benzimidazole,2,6-dimethyl-7-nitro- - Alfa Chemistry
Casein Kinase | Cell Cycle|Stem Cells/Wnt| CSNpharm
C-Terminal Region of Plant Ferredoxin-Like Protein Is Required to Enhance Resistance to Bacterial Disease in Arabidopsis...
CK2 beta | casein kinase 2 subunit beta
TRC | Details of CAS = 142384-07-4, ChemicalName = 2-[[(3-Methyl-4-nitro-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole, synonym...
Dishevelled-3 conformation dynamics analyzed by FRET-based biosensors reveals a key role of casein kinase 1 - Oddělení...
CK2 alpha | casein kinase 2 subunit alpha
The role of the casein kinase 1 (CK1) family in different signaling pathways linked to cancer development
LOW FEMALE CREATINE KINASE (CK) BLOOD TEST LEVEL | blood-test-results.com
Casein Kinase 1 delta ELISA & Assay Kits
Casein Kinase 1 delta肽(ab48070)|Abcam中国
CSNK2A2 (CK2 α 2) Recombinant Human Protein
Pharmaceuticals | Free Full-Text | In Search of Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting the Flexible CK2 Subunit Interface
Multiple myeloma cells survival and proliferation rely on high levels and activity of the serine-threonine kinase CK2. | CU...
1H-Benzimidazole
Phosphorylation of CRN2 by CK2 regulates F-actin and Arp2/3 interaction and inhibits cell migration
OriGene - Csnk1g3 (BC033601) cDNA Clone
1lpu.1 | SWISS-MODEL Template Library
PDB 1lr4 structure summary ‹ Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) ‹ EMBL-EBI
Characterization of the catalytic CK2 subunits with substitutions at r by Paul Desormeaux
CK1 substrate, 1 mg (HQ)
Ck Ii Chanel N°6 Lyrics - Solefald
Histonet] CK7 control/ CK20 contol
EEF1B2
Phosphorylation by casein kinase II". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1264 (3): 303-11. ... Sheu GT, Traugh JA (Jan 1999). "A structural model for elongation factor 1 (EF-1) and phosphorylation by protein kinase CKII". ... Subunit interactions, elongation activity, and phosphorylation by protein kinase CKII". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. ... "Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes". ...
Progesterone receptor
In vitro phosphorylation by casein kinase II". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (49): 31034-40. PMID 7983041. Mansour I ... "Two distinct estrogen-regulated promoters generate transcripts encoding the two functionally different human progesterone ... "Two distinct estrogen-regulated promoters generate transcripts encoding the two functionally different human progesterone ... In humans, PR is encoded by a single PGR gene residing on chromosome 11q22, it has two isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, that differ in ...
BRCA1
O'Brien KA, Lemke SJ, Cocke KS, Rao RN, Beckmann RP (July 1999). "Casein kinase 2 binds to and phosphorylates BRCA1". Biochem. ... two quartets of cysteine or histidine residues that coordinate two zinc atoms. This motif contains a short anti-parallel beta- ... "BRCA1 interacts with and is required for paclitaxel-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3". ... kinase and ATM and Rad3 related kinase mediate phosphorylation of Brca1 at distinct and overlapping sites. In vivo assessment ...
Myc
Lüscher B, Kuenzel EA, Krebs EG, Eisenman RN (April 1989). "Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II". The EMBO ... "Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 is an activator of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase". Proceedings of the National ... Gupta S, Davis RJ (October 1994). "MAP kinase binds to the NH2-terminal activation domain of c-Myc". FEBS Letters. 353 (3): 281 ... Iijima S, Teraoka H, Date T, Tsukada K (June 1992). "DNA-activated protein kinase in Raji Burkitt's lymphoma cells. ...
Thymosin α1
1992). "Prothymosin alpha is phosphorylated by casein kinase-2". FEBS Lett. 312 (2-3): 152-6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80924-6 ... 1992). "Prothymosin alpha enhances human and murine MHC class II surface antigen expression and messenger RNA accumulation". J ... 85 (2-5): 117-22. doi:10.1016/S0960-0760(03)00207-3. PMID 12943695. S2CID 32374864. Barcia MG, Castro JM, Jullien CD, et al. ( ... 292 (2): 70-4. doi:10.1056/NEJM197501092920204. PMID 1078552. Garaci E, Favalli C, Pica F, et al. (September 2007). "Thymosin ...
Nucleolin
Li D, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG (Jun 1996). "The physical association of casein kinase 2 with nucleolin". The Journal of ... Parada CA, Roeder RG (Jul 1999). "A novel RNA polymerase II-containing complex potentiates Tat-enhanced HIV-1 transcription". ... Li D, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG (Jun 1996). "The physical association of casein kinase 2 with nucleolin". The Journal of ... Jordan P, Heid H, Kinzel V, Kübler D (Dec 1994). "Major cell surface-located protein substrates of an ecto-protein kinase are ...
Gap-43 protein
Apel ED, Litchfield DW, Clark RH, Krebs EG, Storm DR (Jun 1991). "Phosphorylation of neuromodulin (GAP-43) by casein kinase II ... It is a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate and is considered to play a key role in neurite formation, regeneration, and ... Chao S, Benowitz LI, Krainc D, Irwin N (Sep 1996). "Use of a two-hybrid system to investigate molecular interactions of GAP-43 ... However, F1 was not cAMP kinase dependent. B-50 was regulated by the pituitary peptide ACTH and was associated with grooming ...
ARR3
Kim YM, Barak LS, Caron MG, Benovic JL (2002). "Regulation of arrestin-3 phosphorylation by casein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. ... 224 (1-2): 87-95. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00510-1. PMID 9931451. John SK, Smith JE, Aguirre GD, Milam AH (2000). "Loss of ... 204 (1-2): 127-40. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(03)00088-1. PMID 12850288. Zhu X, Brown B, Li A, et al. (2003). "GRK1-dependent ... 382 (1-2): 105-10. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00163-9. PMID 8612728. ter Haar E, Musacchio A, Harrison SC, Kirchhausen T (1998 ...
AP3B1
Kim YM, Barak LS, Caron MG, Benovic JL (May 2002). "Regulation of arrestin-3 phosphorylation by casein kinase II". The Journal ... Dubois T, Howell S, Zemlickova E, Aitken A (Apr 2002). "Identification of casein kinase Ialpha interacting protein partners". ... 15 (2): 575-87. doi:10.1091/mbc.E03-06-0401. PMC 329249. PMID 14657250. Guinn BA, Bland EA, Lodi U, Liggins AP, Tobal K, ... 8 (2): 323-30. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.2.323. PMID 9931340. Dell'Angelica EC, Shotelersuk V, Aguilar RC, Gahl WA, Bonifacino JS (Jan ...
Myc
"Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II". The EMBO Journal. 8 (4): 1111-9. PMC 400922 . PMID 2663470.. ... "Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 is an activator of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase". Proceedings of the National ... RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding. • E-box binding. • protein binding. • repressing ... transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. • G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle. • regulation of transcription from RNA ...
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3
Ubeda M, Habener JF (October 2003). "CHOP transcription factor phosphorylation by casein kinase 2 inhibits transcriptional ... which then activates the downstream kinases, Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), ... Those processes are mainly regulated by three factors: protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activating ... double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) iron deficiency through heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI) stress from ...
Globozoospermia
Xu, X.; Toselli, P. A.; Russell, L. D.; Seldin, D. C. (1999-09-01). "Globozoospermia in mice lacking the casein kinase II alpha ... There are two types of globozoospermia: Type 1 globozoospermia exhibits a complete lack of acrosome and acrosomal enzymes and ... however it is unclear whether these two forms are variations on the same syndrome, or actually different syndromes. Infertility ... doi:10.1007/s10815-015-0433-2. ISSN 1058-0468. PMC 4380889. PMID 25711835. Dam, A. H. D. M.; Feenstra, I.; Westphal, J. R.; ...
Nucleolar phosphoprotein p130
Li D, Meier UT, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG (1997). "Specific interaction between casein kinase 2 and the nucleolar protein Nopp140 ... Pai CY, Yeh NH (1996). "Cell proliferation-dependent expression of two isoforms of the nucleolar phosphoprotein p130". Biochem ... Chiu CM, Tsay YG, Chang CJ, Lee SC (2002). "Nopp140 is a mediator of the protein kinase A signaling pathway that activates the ... 142 (2): 319-29. doi:10.1083/jcb.142.2.319. ISSN 0021-9525. PMC 2133063. PMID 9679133. Miau, L H; Chang C J; Shen B J; Tsai W H ...
JADE1
... is a target of phosphorylation by Casein kinase 2 (CK2). In addition, multiple phosphorylation sites are found by high ... Two resultant protein products of the JADE1 gene were designated JADE1S for the short (which is same as(3)) and JADE1L for the ... "Casein kinase 1 α phosphorylates the Wnt regulator Jade-1 and modulates its activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 289 ... There are two known protein products of the PHF17 gene, the full length JADE1 (JADE1L) and its splice variant missing the C- ...
Gap-43 protein
Apel ED, Litchfield DW, Clark RH, Krebs EG, Storm DR (Jun 1991). "Phosphorylation of neuromodulin (GAP-43) by casein kinase II ... protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. • response to wounding. • regulation of growth. • ... It is a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate and is considered to play a key role in neurite formation, regeneration, and ... However, F1 was not cAMP kinase dependent. B-50 was regulated by the pituitary peptide ACTH and was associated with grooming ...
Calsequestrin
Cala SE, Jones LR (January 1991). "Phosphorylation of cardiac and skeletal muscle calsequestrin isoforms by casein kinase II. ... Both forms of calsequestrin are phosphorylated by casein kinase 2, but the cardiac form is phosphorylated more rapidly and to a ... Two forms of calsequestrin have been identified. The cardiac form Calsequestrin-2 (CASQ2) is present in cardiac and slow ... In addition, the hydrophobic core of domain II appears to be necessary for CASQ2's function, because a single amino acid ...
STARD10
Casein kinase II phosphorylates the protein on its serine at position 184. The function of StarD10 in the cell is not yet ... "Phosphorylation of StarD10 on serine 284 by casein kinase II modulates its lipid transfer activity". The Journal of Biological ... "Phosphorylation of StarD10 on serine 284 by casein kinase II modulates its lipid transfer activity". The Journal of Biological ... 3.0.CO;2-P. PMID 9610721. "Entrez Gene: STARD10 START domain containing 10". Olayioye MA, Vehring S, Müller P, Herrmann A, ...
C-Fos
Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Suzuki F, Takagi T, Hasegawa J, Handa H (August 1998). "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains ... Yang X, Chen Y, Gabuzda D (September 1999). "ERK MAP kinase links cytokine signals to activation of latent HIV-1 infection by ... Hurd TW, Culbert AA, Webster KJ, Tavaré JM (December 2002). "Dual role for mitogen-activated protein kinase (Erk) in insulin- ... Psychostimulants] increase cAMP levels in striatum, which activates protein kinase A (PKA) and leads to phosphorylation of its ...
LIG1
... and Ser91 by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and Ser66 by casein kinase II (CKII). Phosphorylation of these residues (Ser66 in ... "Activation of mammalian DNA ligase I through phosphorylation by casein kinase II". The EMBO Journal. 11 (8): 2925-33. doi: ... "Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of human DNA ligase I at the cyclin-dependent kinase sites". The Journal of Biological ... 282 (2): e1-e3. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(20)73504-0. Ferrari G, Rossi R, Arosio D, Vindigni A, Biamonti G, Montecucco A ( ...
HNRNPA2B1
HNRPA2B1 has been shown to interact with casein kinase 2, alpha 1. The mutation p.D290V/302V in hnRNPA2B1 is implicated in ... The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. This gene has been described to ... Bauw G, Rasmussen HH, van den Bulcke M, van Damme J, Puype M, Gesser B, Celis JE, Vandekerckhove J (1990). "Two-dimensional gel ... Biamonti G, Ruggiu M, Saccone S, Della Valle G, Riva S (August 1994). "Two homologous genes, originated by duplication, encode ...
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor
Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Suzuki F, Takagi T, Hasegawa J, Handa H (August 1998). "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains ... It can also activate Src-family kinases through its GFRα1 receptor. The most prominent feature of GDNF is its ability to ... The association between GDNF and NCAM results in the activation of cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases Fyn and FAK. GDNF has ... June 1996). "GDNF-induced activation of the ret protein tyrosine kinase is mediated by GDNFR-alpha, a novel receptor for GDNF ...
Silmitasertib
... (INN), codenamed CX-4945, is a small-molecule inhibitor of protein kinase CK2 (casein kinase II), a ... 2017). "Casein Kinase II (CK2) as a Therapeutic Target for Hematological Malignancies". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 23 (1): ... "The casein kinase 2 inhibitor, CX-4945, as an anti-cancer drug in treatment of human hematological malignancies". Frontiers in ... the phosphorylase activity of casein kinase 2 (CK2) is increased resulting in phosphorylation of several cytoskeletal proteins ...
CREB-binding protein
Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Suzuki F, Takagi T, Hasegawa J, Handa H (August 1998). "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains ... Shimomura A, Ogawa Y, Kitani T, Fujisawa H, Hagiwara M (July 1996). "Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II potentiates ... Cho H, Orphanides G, Sun X, Yang XJ, Ogryzko V, Lees E, Nakatani Y, Reinberg D (September 1998). "A human RNA polymerase II ... Lee SK, Jung SY, Kim YS, Na SY, Lee YC, Lee JW (February 2001). "Two distinct nuclear receptor-interaction domains and CREB- ...
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
2017). "Casein Kinase II (CK2) as a Therapeutic Target for Hematological Malignancies". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 23 (1): ... Two mathematical models have been proposed, attempting to explain the emergence of this hybrid E/M phenotype, and its highly ... Zou J, Luo H, Zeng Q, Dong Z, Wu D, Liu L (June 2011). "Protein kinase CK2α is overexpressed in colorectal cancer and modulates ... Silmitasertib (CX-4945) is a small molecule inhibitor of protein kinase CK2, which has been supported to be linked with TGF-β ...
60S ribosomal protein L5
Kim JM, Cha JY, Marshak DR, Bae YS (1996). "Interaction of the beta subunit of casein kinase II with the ribosomal protein L5 ... Kim JM, Cha JY, Marshak DR, Bae YS (September 1996). "Interaction of the beta subunit of casein kinase II with the ribosomal ... The protein interacts specifically with the beta subunit of casein kinase 2. Variable expression of this gene in colorectal ... Boldyreff B, Issinger OG (February 1997). "A-Raf kinase is a new interacting partner of protein kinase CK2 beta subunit". FEBS ...
ATF1
1998). "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains of several transcription factors". Nucleic Acids Res. 26 (16): 3854-61 ... cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I/II, mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase and ... Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Suzuki F, Takagi T, Hasegawa J, Handa H (August 1998). "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains ... Shimomura A, Ogawa Y, Kitani T, Fujisawa H, Hagiwara M (July 1996). "Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II potentiates ...
CDC34
Block K, Boyer TG, Yew PR (November 2001). "Phosphorylation of the human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, CDC34, by casein kinase ... Block K, Boyer TG, Yew PR (November 2001). "Phosphorylation of the human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, CDC34, by casein kinase ... Cdc34 in yeast targets numerous substrates - notably the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Sic1 - for ubiquitin-mediated ... a novel protein that associates with serine/threonine kinase PRK1 in vivo". Gene. 256 (1-2): 113-21. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00) ...
CSNK2A2
"Mapping of the human casein kinase II catalytic subunit genes: two loci carrying the homologous sequences for the alpha subunit ... Casein kinase II subunit alpha' is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CSNK2A2 gene. CSNK2A2 has been shown to interact ... Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Suzuki F, Takagi T, Hasegawa J, Handa H (August 1998). "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains ... subunits of casein kinase II". Biochemistry. 29 (36): 8436-47. doi:10.1021/bi00488a034. PMID 2174700. Yang-Feng TL, Zheng K, ...
BRCA1 - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
O'Brien, K A; Lemke S J, Cocke K S, Rao R N, Beckmann R P (1999). «Casein kinase 2 binds to and phosphorylates BRCA1». Biochem ... RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity. • RNA polymerase binding. • identical protein binding. ... BRCA1 interacts with and is required for paclitaxel-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3». ... kinase and ATM and Rad3 related kinase mediate phosphorylation of Brca1 at distinct and overlapping sites. In vivo assessment ...
Adenomatous polyposis coli
With the help of casein kinase 1 (CK1), which carries out an initial phosphorylation of β-catenin, GSK-3β is able to ... Homma MK, Li D, Krebs EG, Yuasa Y, Homma Y (April 2002). "Association and regulation of casein kinase 2 activity by adenomatous ... Daniel JM, Reynolds AB (September 1995). "The tyrosine kinase substrate p120cas binds directly to E-cadherin but not to the ... The (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) APC protein normally builds a "destruction complex" with glycogen synthase kinase 3-alpha and ...
Progesterone receptor
In vitro phosphorylation by casein kinase II". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (49): 31034-40. PMID 7983041.. ... In humans, PR is encoded by a single PGR gene residing on chromosome 11q22,[5][6][7] it has two isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, that ... RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding. • steroid hormone receptor activity. • steroid ... "Two distinct estrogen-regulated promoters generate transcripts encoding the two functionally different human progesterone ...
Michael W. Young
In 1998, Jeff Price from the Young lab discovered a kinase called doubletime(Casein kinase 1) that phosphorylates PER on ... At The Rockefeller University in the early 1980s, Young and his two lab members, Ted Bargiello and Rob Jackson, further ... "The Drosophila Clock Gene double-time Encodes a Protein Closely Related to Human Casein Kinase Iε" (PDF). Cell. 94 (1): 97-107 ... which is linked to an hPer2 polymorphism that removes a serine normally phosphorylated by Casein kinase 1.[17] Other forms of ...
Lactose intolerance
GSD type IX (phosphorylase kinase deficiency). Lysosomal (LSD):. *GSD type II (Pompe's disease, glucosidase deficiency) ... It is found in additives labelled as casein, caseinate, whey, lactoserum, milk solids, modified milk ingredients, etc.[citation ... Lactase activity persistence in adults is associated with two polymorphisms: C/T 13910 and G/A 22018 located in the MCM6 gene.[ ... Greater lactose tolerance has come about in two ways.[74] Some populations have developed genetic changes that resulted in ...
Myc
"Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II". EMBO J. 8 (4): 1111-9. PMC 400922. PMID 2663470. ... ARID (1A, 1B, 2, 3A, 3B, 4A) • CAP • IFI (16, 35) • MLL (2, 3, T1) • MNDA • NFY (A, B, C) • Ro/Sigma ... ARX • CDX (1, 2) • CRX • CUTL1 • DBX (1, 2) • DLX (3, 4, 5) • EMX2 • EN (1, 2) • FHL (1, 2, 3) • HESX1 • HHEX • HLX • Homeobox ... II), Ear-2, HNF4 (α, γ), PNR, RXR (α, β, γ), Testikularni receptor (2, 4), TLX). podfamilija 3 (Steroidni hormon (Androgen, ...
Growth medium
The two major types of growth media are those used for cell culture, which use specific cell types derived from plants or ... An undefined medium has some complex ingredients, such as yeast extract or casein hydrolysate, which consist of a mixture of ... the Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV TK). ... 2] Different types of media are used for growing different ...
GTP-binding protein regulators
Other protein kinase. Serine/threonine:. *Casein kinase *1. *2. *eIF-2 kinase *EIF2AK3 ...
Muskarinski acetilholinski receptor M3 - Википедија
Budd DC, McDonald JE, Tobin AB (2000). „Phosphorylation and regulation of a Gq/11-coupled receptor by casein kinase 1alpha.". J ... Urotenzin-II • Vazopresin (1A, 1B, 2) ... Evidence for a protein kinase C-independent pathway.". J. Biol ... 1996). „Phosphorylation of human m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 and protein ... CysLT (1, 2) • LTB4 (1, 2) • FPRL1 • OXE • Prostaglandin (DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), FP) • Prostaciklin • Tromboksan ...
Phenolic content in wine
If there is an excess in the amount of tannins in the wine, winemakers can use various fining agents like albumin, casein and ... vinifera vines such as hybrids and the American Vitis labrusca will have anthocyanins with two molecules. This phenomenon is ... This large group of natural phenols can be broadly separated into two categories, flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Flavonoids ... 47 (2): 678-84. doi:10.1021/jf980314u. PMID 10563952.. *^ "Flavonoids". Linus Pauling Institute, Micronutrient Information ...
Myc (biologia)
Lüscher B, Kuenzel EA, Krebs EG, Eisenman RN, Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II, in EMBO J., vol. 8, nº 4 ... Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 is an activator of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, in Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., ... S Gupta, Davis R J, MAP kinase binds to the NH2-terminal activation domain of c-Myc, in FEBS Lett., vol. 353, nº 3, ottobre ... Iijima S, Teraoka H, Date T, Tsukada K, DNA-activated protein kinase in Raji Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Phosphorylation of c-Myc ...
Receptor da vitamina D, a enciclopedia libre
"Human vitamin D receptor phosphorylation by casein kinase II at Ser-208 potentiates transcriptional activation". Proc. Natl. ... As mutacións neste xene están asociadas co raquitismo resistente a vitamina D tipo II. Un polimorfismo dun só nucleótido no ... Rut AR, Hewison M, Kristjansson K, Luisi B, Hughes MR, O'Riordan JL (1995). "Two mutations causing vitamin D resistant rickets ... Commun. 253 (2): 358-63. PMID 9878542. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9799.. *↑ 15,0 15,1 15,2 15,3 Puccetti E, Obradovic D, Beissert T ...
GNB1
Buhl AM, Osawa S, Johnson GL (1995). "Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation requires two signal inputs from the human ... Other protein kinase. Serine/threonine:. *Casein kinase *1. *2. *eIF-2 kinase *EIF2AK3 ... 1omw: Crystal Structure of the complex between G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 and Heterotrimeric G Protein beta 1 and ... 2bcj: Crystal Structure of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 in Complex with Galpha-q and Gbetagamma Subunits ...
Liosta Bithmhóilíní - Vicipéid
Kinase. L[cuir in eagar , athraigh foinse]. For substances with an l- or L- prefix such as L-alanine or DL-alanine, please see ... Aigéad éarúcach Erucic acid] - CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)11COOH ... Cáiséin Casein. *Caspase. *Ceallaláis Cellulase. *Ceallalós ...
BRCA1
O'Brien KA, Lemke SJ, Cocke KS, Rao RN, Beckmann RP (July 1999). "Casein kinase 2 binds to and phosphorylates BRCA1". Biochem. ... two quartets of cysteine or histidine residues that coordinate two zinc atoms.[30] This motif contains a short anti-parallel ... "BRCA1 interacts with and is required for paclitaxel-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3". ... kinase and ATM and Rad3 related kinase mediate phosphorylation of Brca1 at distinct and overlapping sites. In vivo assessment ...
Peptide
Two naturally occurring milk peptides are formed from the milk protein casein when digestive enzymes break this down; they can ... An oligopeptide consists of only a few amino acids (between two and twenty). ... Kinase inhibitors: Linsitinib. *Antibodies: Xentuzumab (against IGF-1 and IGF-2). Kisspeptin. *Agonists: Kisspeptin ... Prolactin modulators: Prolactin inhibitors: D2 receptor agonists (e.g., bromocriptine, cabergoline); Prolactin releasers: D2 ...
G protein
Other protein kinase. Serine/threonine:. *Casein kinase *1. *2. *eIF-2 kinase *EIF2AK3 ... There are two classes of G proteins. The first function as monomeric small GTPases, while the second function as heterotrimeric ... cAMP can then act as a second messenger that goes on to interact with and activate protein kinase A (PKA). PKA can ... G protein can refer to two distinct families of proteins. Heterotrimeric G proteins, sometimes referred to as the "large" G ...
Protein kinase A
... out of 540 different protein kinase genes that make up for human kinome, only one other protein kinase, Casein kinase 2, is ... Four cAMP molecules are able to bind to the two R-subunits. This is done by two cAMP molecules binding to each of the two cAMP ... "cAMP-dependent protein kinase" redirects here. It is not to be confused with AMP-activated protein kinase or cyclin-dependent ... The dimerization and docking (D/D) domain of the dimer binds to the A-kinase binding (AKB) domain of A-kinase anchor protein ( ...
Guanylate cyclase
Other protein kinase. Serine/threonine:. *Casein kinase *1. *2. *eIF-2 kinase *EIF2AK3 ... Indirect/downstream NO modulators: ACE inhibitors/AT-II receptor antagonists (e.g., captopril, losartan) ... In the mammalian retina, two forms of guanylate cyclase have been identified, each encoded by separate genes; RETGC-1 and RETGC ... doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68964-5_2.. *^ Tseng K, Caballero A, Dec A, Cass D, Simak N, Sunu E, Park M, Blume S, Sammut S, Park D, ...
Myc - Википедија
Lüscher B, Kuenzel EA, Krebs EG, Eisenman RN (1989). „Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II". EMBO J. 8 (4): ... negativna regulacija transkripcije putem promotera RNK polimeraze II. • MAPK kaskada. • razgranavanje koje učestvuje u ... Iijima S, Teraoka H, Date T, Tsukada K (1992). „DNA-activated protein kinase in Raji Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Phosphorylation ... 2 (10): 764-76. PMID 12360279. doi:10.1038/nrc904.. *. Nilsson JA, Cleveland JL (2004). „Myc pathways provoking cell suicide ...
Caseína quinasa 2, alfa 1, la enciclopedia libre
Mapping of the human casein kinase II catalytic subunit genes: two loci carrying the homologous sequences for the alpha subunit ... de 1998). «Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains of several transcription factors». Nucleic Acids Res. (ENGLAND) 26 ... de 2000). «Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced phosphorylation of RelA/p65 on Ser529 is controlled by casein kinase II». J. ... Entrez Gene: CSNK2A1 casein kinase 2, alpha 1 polypeptide». *↑ Kristensen, Lars P; Larsen Martin R, Højrup Peter, Issinger Olaf ...
ACE inhibitor
ACE (Angiotensin converting enzyme) then removes a further two residues, converting angiotensin I into angiotensin II. ACE is ... The lactotripeptides Val-Pro-Pro and Ile-Pro-Pro produced by the probiotic Lactobacillus helveticus or derived from casein have ... A decrease renal protein kinase C. With ACE inhibitor use, the production of ATII is decreased, which prevents aldosterone ... ACE inhibitors do not completely prevent the formation of angiotensin II, as blockage is dose-dependent, so angiotensin II ...
HMGA1
"Identification of sites on chromosomal protein HMG-I phosphorylated by casein kinase II". FEBS Letters. 257 (1): 101-4. doi: ... RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex. Biological process. • negative regulation of cell population proliferation. ... transcription by RNA polymerase II. • nuclear transport. • GO:0022415 viral process. • base-excision repair. • protein- ... At least seven transcript variants encoding two different isoforms (HMGA1a, HMGA1b) have been found for this gene.[8] The ...
Hsp90
... binds and protects casein kinase II from self-aggregation and enhances its kinase activity". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (10): 7042-7. ... There are two homologs, found in the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum respectively. The presence of these two homologs was ... The Hsp90 protein can adopt two major conformational states. The first is an open ATP-bound state and the second is a closed ... The drug was originally thought to function as a kinase inhibitor but was subsequently shown to be an Hsp90 inhibitor where it ...
Phosducin-like - ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة
2003). "Regulation of phosducin-like protein by casein kinase 2 and N-terminal splicing.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (7): 4474-81. ... 2000). "Phosphorylation of phosducin and phosducin-like protein by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 ( ... 2006). "Mechanism of assembly of G protein betagamma subunits by protein kinase CK2-phosphorylated phosducin-like protein and ... Phosducin-like (Phosducin-like protein) هوَ بروتين يُشَفر بواسطة جين Phosducin-like في الإنسان.[1][2] ...
cAMP-dependent pathway
... cAMP-dependent protein kinase), one of the first few kinases discovered. It has four sub-units two catalytic and two regulatory ... Other protein kinase. Serine/threonine:. *Casein kinase *1. *2. *eIF-2 kinase *EIF2AK3 ... Main article: function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. In humans, cAMP works by activating protein kinase A (PKA, ... an enzyme called protein kinase A (PKA).[12]. The PKA enzyme is also known as cAMP-dependent enzyme because it gets activated ...
Cyclin
Other protein kinase. Serine/threonine:. *Casein kinase *1. *2. *eIF-2 kinase *EIF2AK3 ... There are two main groups of cyclins: *G1/S cyclins - essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, * ... Cyclins contain two domains of a similar all-α fold, the first located at the N-terminus and the second at the C-terminus. All ... Cyclins, when bound with the dependent kinases, such as the p34/cdc2/cdk1 protein, form the maturation-promoting factor. MPFs ...
Tyrosine
Two dioxygenases are necessary for the decomposition path. The end products can then enter into the citric acid cycle. ... Some of the tyrosine residues can be tagged (at the hydroxyl group) with a phosphate group (phosphorylated) by protein kinases ... as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese.[2][3] It is called ... Two methods were formerly used to manufacture L-tyrosine. The first involves the extraction of the desired amino acid from ...
IRF1 - Вікіпедія
Lin R., Hiscott J. (1999). A role for casein kinase II phosphorylation in the regulation of IRF-1 transcriptional activity.. ... transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. • transcription, DNA-templated. • regulation of cell cycle. • positive ... GO:0000980 RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding. • GO:0001948 protein binding. • GO:0000975 ... positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. • negative regulation of cell proliferation. • positive ...
Casein kinase II, regulatory subunit (IPR000704) | InterPro | EMBL-EBI
Casein kinase II, regulatory subunit (IPR000704). Short name: Casein_kinase_II_reg-sub ... Human phosvitin/casein kinase type II. Molecular cloning and sequencing of full-length cDNA encoding subunit beta.. Eur. J. ... Cloning and disruption of CKB1, the gene encoding the 38-kDa beta subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae casein kinase II (CKII). ... Cloning and disruption of CKB1, the gene encoding the 38-kDa beta subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae casein kinase II (CKII). ...
Casein Kinase II (CK2) | NEB
... is a constitutively active serine/threonine protein kinase and the general recognition motif for phsophorylation is SXXE/D. ... Casein Kinase II (CK2) Casein Kinase II (CKII) is a constitutively active serine/threonine protein kinase composed of two 44 ... Casein Kinase II (CK2) is a constitutively active serine/threonine protein kinase composed of two 44 kDa catalytic α-subunits ... Home Protein Tools Products Casein Kinase II (CK2) ... How much Casein Kinase II (NEB# P6010) should be used? * What ...
Casein kinase 2 - Wikipedia
Xu X, Toselli PA, Russell LD, Seldin DC (1999). "Globozoospermia in mice lacking the casein kinase II alpha catalytic subunit ... CSNK2A1 CSNK2A2 Casein kinase 1 - a distinct protein kinase family Ahmad KA, Wang G, Unger G, Slaton J, Ahmed K (2008). " ... Casein kinase 2 (EC 2.7.11.1)(CK2/CSNK2) is a serine/threonine-selective protein kinase that has been implicated in cell cycle ... Casein kinase 2 activity has been reported to be activated following Wnt signaling pathway activation. A Pertussis toxin- ...
Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II. - PubMed - NCBI
Casein kinase II (CK-II) is a ubiquitous protein kinase, localized to both nucleus and cytoplasm, with strong specificity for ... Myc oncoproteins are phosphorylated by casein kinase II.. Lüscher B1, Kuenzel EA, Krebs EG, Eisenman RN. ... Our results, along with previous studies on myc deletion mutants, show that Myc is phosphorylated by CK-II, or a kinase with ... Since CK-II can be rapidly activated after mitogen treatment we postulate that CK-II mediated phosphorylation of Myc plays a ...
Casein kinase 2, alpha 1 - Wikipedia
Casein kinase II subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CSNK2A1 gene. Casein kinase II is a serine/ ... "Mapping of the human casein kinase II catalytic subunit genes: two loci carrying the homologous sequences for the alpha subunit ... Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Suzuki F, Takagi T, Hasegawa J, Handa H (August 1998). "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains ... Three transcript variants encoding two different proteins have been found for this gene. Casein kinase 2, alpha 1 has been ...
Constitutive phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha by casein kinase II | PNAS
Constitutive phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha by casein kinase II. C F Barroga, J K Stevenson, E M Schwarz, and I M Verma ... Constitutive phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha by casein kinase II Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ... There are several consensus sites for casein kinase II (CKII) in the C-terminal region of I kappa B alpha. Additionally, the ... A two-dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide map of I kappa B alpha from unstimulated cells was identical to that obtained by in ...
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Casein Kinase 2 | Science Signaling
Protein casein kinase 2 (CK2), a multifunctional enzyme commonly considered a stable tetramer with two catalytic α subunits and ... Live-cell fluorescence imaging reveals the dynamics of protein kinase CK2 individual subunits. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 975-987 ( ... two regulatory β subunits, has substrates in various cellular compartments. Filhol et al. used live-cell fluorescence imaging ... Fibroblast growth factor 2, which binds to and activates the holoenzyme, triggered nuclear accumulation. Association of CK2β ...
Csnk2a2 casein kinase 2, alpha prime polypeptide [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene - NCBI
casein kinase II subunit alpha. Names. CK II alpha. casein kinase II, alpha 2, polypeptide. NP_034104.1. *EC 2.7.11.1 ... XM_006530641.3 → XP_006530704.1 casein kinase II subunit alpha isoform X2. Conserved Domains (2) summary. cd14132. Location:22 ... NM_009974.3 → NP_034104.1 casein kinase II subunit alpha. See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034104.1 ... XM_006530643.3 → XP_006530706.1 casein kinase II subunit alpha isoform X3. See identical proteins and their annotated ...
RCSB PDB - 3U4U: Casein kinase 2 in complex with AZ-Inhibitor
Casein kinase II subunit alpha. A. 333. Homo sapiens. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: CSNK2A1, CK2A1. EC: 2.7.11.1. ... Casein kinase 2 in complex with AZ-Inhibitor. *DOI: 10.2210/pdb3U4U/pdb ... In this paper we describe a series of 3-cyano-5-aryl-7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine hits identified by kinase-focused subset ... In this paper we describe a series of 3-cyano-5-aryl-7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine hits identified by kinase-focused subset ...
Alfa Aesar Casein Kinase II Substrate 1mg:Electrophoresis, Western Blotting
RCSB PDB - Protein Feature View
- Casein kinase II subunit alpha - Q60737 (CSK21 MOUSE)
Heterotetramer composed of two catalytic subunits (alpha chain and/or alpha chain) and two regulatory subunits (beta chains). ... However, besides these two, there are many other icons. For more information about the meaning and exact position of a sequence ... RCSB PDB (citation) is managed by two members of the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics: Rutgers and UCSD/ ... Catalytic subunit of a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase complex that phosphorylates a large number of ...
Anti-Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 antibody (ab64829) | Abcam
Rabbit polyclonal Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 antibody validated for WB, ELISA and tested in Human. Referenced in 4 publications ... Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CK1 Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Casein kinase I subfamily.. Contains 1 protein ... Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. It ... All lanes : Anti-Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 antibody (ab64829) at 1/500 dilution. Lane 1 : HeLa cell extract. Lane 2 : 293 cell ...
Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor -Pipeline Insight, 2018
6. Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor Pipeline Products in Non-clinical Stages 6.1 Drug Name : Company Name*Product Description ... 5. Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor Pipeline Products in Clinical Stages. 5.1 Drug Name : Company Name*Product Description ... Features the Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor pipeline across the complete product development cycle including all clinical and non- ... Table 3: Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor Therapeutic Products in Non-clinical Stages. Table 4: Pipeline Assessment by Route of ...
CSNK2A1 - Casein kinase II subunit alpha - Oryctolagus cuniculus (Rabbit) - CSNK2A1 gene & protein
Regulates transcription by direct phosphorylation of RNA polymerases I, II, III and IV. Also phosphorylates and regulates ... Catalytic subunit of a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase complex that phosphorylates a large number of ... IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. ... IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. ...
ACK2 - Casein kinase II subunit alpha - Zea mays (Maize) - ACK2 gene & protein
Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. ... IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom_sf. IPR000719 Prot_kinase_dom. IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR008271 Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. ... IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom_sf. IPR000719 Prot_kinase_dom. IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR008271 Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. ... Casein kinase II subunit alphaAdd BLAST. 332. Proteomic databases. PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all ...
Recombinant Anti-Casein Kinase 2 beta antibody [EPR1994] (ab133576) | Abcam
Rabbit recombinant monoclonal Casein Kinase 2 beta antibody [EPR1994]. Validated in WB, IHC and tested in Mouse, Rat, Human. ... Cited in 3 publication(s). Independently reviewed in 2 review(s). ... Casein kinase II beta subunit antibody. *Casein kinase II ... All lanes : Anti-Casein Kinase 2 beta antibody [EPR1994] (ab133576) at 1/1000 dilution. Lane 1 : HepG2 cell lysate. Lane 2 : ... Beale AD et al. Casein Kinase 1 Underlies Temperature Compensation of Circadian Rhythms in Human Red Blood Cells. J Biol ...
Association of casein kinase 2 with nuclear chromatin in relation to androgenic regulation of rat prostate. | PNAS
Association of casein kinase 2 with nuclear chromatin in relation to androgenic regulation of rat prostate.. K Ahmed, S Yenice ... Casein kinase 2 (CK-2) is a ubiquitous messenger-independent protein serine/threonine kinase that has been implicated in growth ... Association of casein kinase 2 with nuclear chromatin in relation to androgenic regulation of rat prostate. ... Association of casein kinase 2 with nuclear chromatin in relation to androgenic regulation of rat prostate. ...
Casein Kinase II | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
"Casein Kinase II" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Casein Kinase II" was a major or minor topic of ... A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase ... "Casein Kinase II" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... "Casein Kinase II" by people in Profiles.. * Kim JM, Yang YS, Park KH, Ge X, Xu R, Li N, Song M, Chun H, Bok S, Charles JF, ...
Valsartan Upregulates Kir2.1 in Rats Suffering from Myocardial Infarction via Casein Kinase 2. | Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphorylation of bid by casein kinases I and II regulates its cleavage by caspase 8
Bid plays an essential role in Fas-mediated apoptosis of the so-called type II cells. In these cells, following cleavage by ... Here we report that Bid is phosphorylated by casein kinase I (CKI) and casein kinase II (CKII). Inhibition of CKI and CKII ... Phosphorylation of bid by casein kinases I and II regulates its cleavage by caspase 8 Mol Cell. 2001 Sep;8(3):601-11. doi: ... Bid plays an essential role in Fas-mediated apoptosis of the so-called type II cells. In these cells, following cleavage by ...
Casein Kinase 2, alpha 1 Polypeptide (CSNK2A1) Antikörper
Casein kinase II alpha subunit , casein kinase II, alpha 1 polypeptide , casein kinase II, alpha 1 related sequence 4 , Casein ... casein kinase II alpha 1 subunit , casein kinase II subunit alpha , protein kinase CK2 , casein kinase 2 alpha subunit , ck2 ... Casein kinase II is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates acidic proteins such as casein. The kinase exists as ... casein kinase II subunit alpha-like , CK II alpha , casein kinase 2, alpha subunit , CK II , casein kinase II alpha subunit , ...
Ribosomal S6 Kinase Cooperates with Casein Kinase 2 to Modulate the Drosophila Circadian Molecular Oscillator | Journal of...
... casein kinase 1ε (CK1ε), casein kinase 2 (CK2) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)], at least two protein phosphatases ( ... Ribosomal S6 Kinase Cooperates with Casein Kinase 2 to Modulate the Drosophila Circadian Molecular Oscillator. Bikem Akten, ... 2002) In vivo functional analysis of Drosophila protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) beta-subunit. Gene 298:29-39. ... Ribosomal S6 Kinase Cooperates with Casein Kinase 2 to Modulate the Drosophila Circadian Molecular Oscillator ...
Casein kinase II is a negative regulator of c-Jun DNA binding and AP-1 activity
In nonstimulated fibroblasts and epithelial cells, c-Jun is phosphorylated on a cluster of two to three sites abutting its DNA- ... We show that two of these sites, Thr-231 and Ser-249, are phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CKII). Substitution of the third ... Casein kinase II is a negative regulator of c-Jun DNA binding and AP-1 activity Cell. 1992 Sep 4;70(5):777-89. doi: 10.1016/ ... These results suggest that one of the roles of CKII, a major nuclear protein kinase with no known functions, is to attenuate AP ...
casein kinase II alpha Inhibitors | SCBT - Santa Cruz Biotechnology
View and select products within our casein kinase II alpha Inhibitors category available for immediate purchase. ... Buy casein kinase II alpha Inhibitors from Santa Cruz. ... casein kinase II alpha Inhibitors. Casein kinase I (also ... and casein kinase II (also designated CKII) compose a family of serine/ threonine protein kinases which are present in all ... Biochemicals that inhibit casein kinase II alpha have many applications in biochemical and physiological research. Click on the ...
Pacsin2 - Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 2 protein - Rattus norvegicus (Rat) - Pacsin2 gene & protein
Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 2 proteinAdd BLAST. 488. ... sp,Q9QY17,PACN2_RAT Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 2 protein OS=Rattus norvegicus GN=Pacsin2 PE=1 SV=2 ... Cluster: Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons protein 2. 159. ... Cluster: Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons protein 2. 630. ...
PACSIN2 (protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 2)
... protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 2), Authors: Dessen P. Published in: Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol ... PACSIN2 11252 protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 2. ... X Y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 NA PACSIN2 (protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in ...
Human Metabolome Database: Showing Protein Casein kinase II subunit alpha' (HMDBP01476)
Showing Protein Casein kinase II subunit alpha (HMDBP01476). IdentificationBiological propertiesGene propertiesProtein ... Involved in protein kinase activity. Specific Function. Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential ... subunits of casein kinase II. Biochemistry. 1990 Sep 11;29(36):8436-47. [PubMed:2174700 ] ... Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment ...
Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 ELISA & Assay Kits
Compare and order Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 ELISA Kits. View citations, images, detection ranges, sensitivity, prices and more. ... Mouse (Murine) Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 ELISA Kit (ABIN5648047) - geliefert von Anmelden zum Anzeigen ... Rat (Rattus) Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 ELISA Kit (ABIN5648047) - geliefert von Anmelden zum Anzeigen ... Human Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2 ELISA Kit (ABIN5648047) - geliefert von Anmelden zum Anzeigen ...
Regulation of the Casein Kinase -2 in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Regulation of the Casein Kinase -2 in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells You will receive an email whenever this article is ... S. Hoffmann, H. S. Walter, B. Seitz, M. Montenarh; Regulation of the Casein Kinase -2 in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. ... Caseinkinase-2 (CK-2) is a cell signalling molecule involved in epithelial- mesenchymal transition. Until now, the regulation, ... CK-2 seems to have impact on the inhibition of RPE cell proliferation most likely by modulating cellular apoptosis. ...
Cilostazol Prevents Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Enhancing Casein Kinase 2 Phosphorylation and Suppression of Phosphatase...
Cilostazol Prevents Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Enhancing Casein Kinase 2 Phosphorylation and Suppression of Phosphatase ... Cilostazol Prevents Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Enhancing Casein Kinase 2 Phosphorylation and Suppression of Phosphatase ... Cilostazol Prevents Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Enhancing Casein Kinase 2 Phosphorylation and Suppression of Phosphatase ... Cilostazol Prevents Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Enhancing Casein Kinase 2 Phosphorylation and Suppression of Phosphatase ...
SerineSubunitsCKIIPolypeptideSubstratesSubstratePhosphorylatesInhibitorInhibitionHuman caseinSubunit of caseinCSNK2A1ProteinsRegulatesPeptidesGeneApoptosisAbstractEnzymeAntibodyVitroNEBuffer for Protein KinasesCellsRegulatoryPurified by proprietary chromatographic techniquesActivityInhibitSpecificityAmino acidsCellularRecombinant caseinSites for caseinPathwayNeuronsPhosphataseRegulatorGlycogen synthaseYeast caseinMutantsRibosomal S6 kinNuclearCytoplasm
Serine19
- The alpha-subunit is the catalytic unit and contains regions characteristic of serine/threonine protein kinases. (ebi.ac.uk)
- Casein Kinase II (CKII) is a constitutively active serine/threonine protein kinase composed of two 44 kDa catalytic α-subunits and two 26 kDa regulatory β-subunits in an α2β2 configuration to form stable heterotetramers. (neb.com)
- CK2 holoenzyme undergoes autophosphorylation at two serine residues (S2/S3) of its β-subunit. (neb.com)
- Casein kinase II (CK-II) is a ubiquitous protein kinase, localized to both nucleus and cytoplasm, with strong specificity for serine residues positioned within clusters of acidic amino acids. (nih.gov)
- Casein kinase 2 (EC 2.7.11.1)(CK2/CSNK2) is a serine/threonine-selective protein kinase that has been implicated in cell cycle control, DNA repair, regulation of the circadian rhythm, and other cellular processes. (wikipedia.org)
- Casein kinase II is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates acidic proteins such as casein. (wikipedia.org)
- Catalytic subunit of a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase complex that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine. (rcsb.org)
- Serine/threonine-protein kinase. (abcam.com)
- Casein kinase 2 (CK-2) is a ubiquitous messenger-independent protein serine/threonine kinase that has been implicated in growth control. (pnas.org)
- Casein kinase I (also designated CKI) and casein kinase II (also designated CKII) compose a family of serine/ threonine protein kinases which are present in all eukaryotes examined to date. (scbt.com)
- The protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CSNK2 or CK2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is expressed in most cell types [ 1 ] . (medsci.org)
- The Casein kinase 2 (EC 2.7.11.1) is a serine/threonine-selective protein kinase that is a tetramer of two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. (creativebiomart.net)
- 100 µg) CSNK2A1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates acidic proteins such as casein. (allelebiotech.com)
- Casein kinase II (CK2) is a heterotetrameric serine/threonine protein kinase consisting of two 44 kDa catalytic subunits (CK2-alpha) and two 26 kDa regulatory subunits (CK2-beta). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
- Casein kinase II is a serine/threonine protein kinase complex that phosphorylates numerous substrates including casein. (genecards.org)
- S)-1-Carboxy-2-Phenyl]-carbamoyl-Arg-Val-arginal Specificity: Inhibits Ca 2+ -dependent endopeptidases, including papain, trypsin-like serine proteases, some cysteine proteases and to a lesser extent plasmin. (thomassci.com)
- Motifs and phosphorylation analyses showed conserved amidation, N -myristoylation, casein kinase-2 (CK2), serine and threonine phosphorylation sites. (mdpi.com)
- CK2 (casein kinase 2) is an ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase that forms a tetramer containing two catalytic (α and/or α´) subunits and two regulatory β subunits [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The serine/threonine kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) has a well-reported role in prostate cancer resistance to apoptotic agents or anticancer drugs. (abo.fi)
Subunits23
- The enzyme is a tetramer of 2 alpha- and 2 beta-subunits [ PMID: 2666134 , PMID: 1856204 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
- However, some species (e.g., mammals) possess 2 related forms of the alpha-subunit (alpha and alpha'), while others (e.g., fungi) possess 2 related beta-subunits (beta and beta') [ PMID: 7737972 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
- α being 42 kDa and α' being 38 kDa, and two β subunits, each weighing in at 28 kDa. (wikipedia.org)
- The β regulatory domain only has one isoform and therefore within the tetramer will have two β subunits. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein casein kinase 2 (CK2), a multifunctional enzyme commonly considered a stable tetramer with two catalytic α subunits and two regulatory β subunits, has substrates in various cellular compartments. (sciencemag.org)
- The kinase exists as a tetramer and is composed of an alpha, an alpha-prime, and two beta subunits. (wikipedia.org)
- Heterotetramer composed of two catalytic subunits (alpha chain and/or alpha' chain) and two regulatory subunits (beta chains). (rcsb.org)
- The tetramer can exist as a combination of 2 alpha/2 beta, 2 alpha'/2 beta or 1 alpha/1 alpha'/2 beta subunits. (rcsb.org)
- A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. (harvard.edu)
- Ahmed, Davis, Hanten, Lambert, McIvor, Goueli: Cloning of cDNAs encoding the alpha and beta subunits of rat casein kinase 2 (CK-2): investigation of molecular regulation of CK-2 by androgens in rat ventral prostate. (antikoerper-online.de)
- Lozeman FJ, Litchfield DW, Piening C, Takio K, Walsh KA, Krebs EG: Isolation and characterization of human cDNA clones encoding the alpha and the alpha' subunits of casein kinase II. (hmdb.ca)
- NF-κB activation was specifically inhibited by kinase-dead mutants of the IKK1 and IKK2 subunits or small interfering RNA targeting the β subunit of CK2. (aacrjournals.org)
- It is composed of 2 large catalytic subunits, CK2α (44 kDa) and CK2α' (36 kDa), and 2 small non-catalytic CK2β subunits (25 kDa). (medsci.org)
- The alpha subunits have the catalytic kinase domain. (creativebiomart.net)
- PKCK2 is a tetramer composed of two catalytic kinase domains, alpha subunits, and two identical regulatory beta subunits. (arp1.com)
- Human recombinant casein kinase 2 holo enzyme containing alpha and beta subunits which were separately expressed in E. coli as non-fusion proteins and purified using several chromatographic steps. (neobiolab.com)
- Studies with isolated recombinant casein kinase II subunits disclosed that although the alpha (catalytic) subunit alone can efficiently phosphorylate topoisomerase II, the formation of a stable topoisomerase II-casein kinase II association requires the presence of the beta subunit of the kinase. (scienceexchange.com)
- Muscle myosin is a hexameric protein that consists of 2 heavy chain subunits ,MHC), 2 alkali light chain subunits ,MLC) and 2 regulatory light chain subunits ,MLC2). (casein-kinases.com)
- Holoenzyme can be activated by adding the second messenger cAMP (Activation constant about 100nM) releasing two monomeric catalytic subunits. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- Activity of recombinant alpha and beta subunits of casein kinase II from Xenopus laevis. (cngb.org)
- The ratio of β:α subunits of casein kinase 2 present in the nuclease extracts was higher than that of the purified enzyme, which is assumed to be 1:1. (uab.cat)
- Casein kinase II consists of catalytic (alpha) and regulatory (beta) subunits complexed into a heterotetrameric alpha 2 beta 2 structure. (umassmed.edu)
- Full-length cDNAs encoding the alpha and beta subunits of human casein kinase II were subcloned into an expression vector containing the cytomegalovirus promotor, yielding the expression constructs pCMV-alpha and pCMV-beta. (umassmed.edu)
CKII9
- Cloning and disruption of CKB1, the gene encoding the 38-kDa beta subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae casein kinase II (CKII). (ebi.ac.uk)
- There are several consensus sites for casein kinase II (CKII) in the C-terminal region of I kappa B alpha. (pnas.org)
- Additionally, the activity of the cellular kinase is blocked by antibodies against the alpha subunit of CKII. (pnas.org)
- Here we report that Bid is phosphorylated by casein kinase I (CKI) and casein kinase II (CKII). (nih.gov)
- Inhibition of CKI and CKII accelerated Fas-mediated apoptosis and Bid cleavage, whereas hyperactivity of the kinases delayed apoptosis. (nih.gov)
- We show that two of these sites, Thr-231 and Ser-249, are phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CKII). (nih.gov)
- These results suggest that one of the roles of CKII, a major nuclear protein kinase with no known functions, is to attenuate AP-1 activity through phosphorylation of c-Jun. (nih.gov)
- Biochemical criteria and immunological cross-reactivity identified the kinase activity as the alpha catalytic subunit of casein kinase II (CKII). (asm.org)
- In addition to CKII, it is also shown to interact, directly or indirectly, with cellular TANK-binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) and NIMA-related kinase 9 (NEK9). (merckmillipore.com)
Polypeptide4
- Zusätzlich bieten wir Ihnen Casein Kinase 2, alpha 1 Polypeptide Proteine (21) und Casein Kinase 2, alpha 1 Polypeptide Kits (11) und viele weitere Produktgruppen zu diesem Protein an. (antikoerper-online.de)
- CSNK2B - Casein kinase 2, beta polypeptide, also known as CSNK2B, is a human gene. (academic.ru)
- Recombinant Human Casein Kinase 2 alpha is a non-glycosylated polypeptide having a molecular mass of 45.1 kDa. (creativebiomart.net)
- CK2A Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain encoding the sequence of 411 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 47.3 kDa.Casein Kinase 2 alpha subunit is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. (neobiolab.com)
Substrates12
- In this paper we show that cellular myc-encoded proteins, derived from avian and human cells, can serve as substrates for phosphorylation by purified CK-II in vitro and that this phosphorylation is reversible. (nih.gov)
- Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. (abcam.com)
- Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression. (harvard.edu)
- It participates in a wide variety of cellular processes including protein kinase networks that control cell cycle progression and cellular stress responses with over 300 substrates. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
- however, the K m values for these two substrates are greater than that for glycogen synthase. (elsevier.com)
- The kinase activities with the various protein substrates are stimulated approximately three- and fivefold by 5 mm spermidine and 3 mm spermine, respectively. (elsevier.com)
- Three of the four peptides, plus another (Mr 175 000), were phosphorylated by purified casein kinase II while two peptides (Mr 95 000 and Mr 76 000) were phosphorylated with casein kinase I. The mRNP particles were not substrates for the cAMP-dependent protein kinases. (duke.edu)
- Calmodulin and other protein substrates of casein kinase-2 (CK2) are not phosphorylated by CK2 holoenzyme under basal conditions. (unipd.it)
- abstract = "Casein kinase 2 was released from rat liver cells nuclei by digestion with DNase 1 plus RNase A. This treatment also released three major substrates of 50, 40-42, and 37 kDa. (uab.cat)
- Casein kinase 2 and substrates were also extracted by DNase or RNase separately. (uab.cat)
- However, in DNase extracts only the 37 kDa protein was phosphorylated by casein kinase 2, whereas in RNase extracts all three substrates were phosphorylated. (uab.cat)
- When the DNase extracts were subsequently treated with RNase the 40-42 substrates were then phosphorylated, indicating that their interaction with RNA prevents their phosphorylation by casein kinase 2. (uab.cat)
Substrate13
- The CK2 substrate specificity is invariably determined by multiple acidic residues located at positions between -2 and +5 relative to the target amino acid (mostly Ser and rarely Thr). (neb.com)
- By using an in-gel kinase assay with recombinant IkappaBalpha as substrate, two forms of the kinase (43 and 38 kDa) were identified. (asm.org)
- Here we report that TRF1 interacts with the βsubunit of casein kinase 2 (CK2) and serves as a substrate for CK2. (elsevier.com)
- This gene is a member of the protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons family. (nih.gov)
- Heparin is a potent inhibitor of the kinase when casein, glycogen synthase, or myosin light chain is the substrate. (elsevier.com)
- However, with troponin as substrate the kinase is relatively insensitive to inhibition by heparin. (elsevier.com)
- The amount of heparin required for 50% inhibition with troponin as substrate is at least 10 times greater than with casein as substrate. (elsevier.com)
- In the work described here, we tested whether this cardiac-specific sequence is a substrate for casein kinase II. (elsevier.com)
- Our results indicate that the cardiac isoform of calsequestrin is the preferred substrate for casein kinase II both in vivo and in vitro. (elsevier.com)
- The collective results suggested that the enzyme from monkey cerebellum was a casein kinase II -like protein kinase and that phosphorylation of a glycoprotein substrate ( fibrinogen ) by the kinase could be influenced by a carbohydrate binding lectin . (bvsalud.org)
- In this work, we demonstrate both in rat and humans that (i) Par-4 is a new substrate of the survival kinase CK2 and (ii) phosphorylation by CK2 impairs Par-4 proapoptotic functions. (abo.fi)
- It is a major protein kinase C ( PKC ) substrate and is considered to play a key role in neurite formation, regeneration, and plasticity. (wikipedia.org)
- GAP-43 is also a protein kinase C (PKC) substrate. (wikipedia.org)
Phosphorylates8
- We report the identification and partial purification of a cellular kinase from unstimulated or stimulated murine cells, which specifically phosphorylates the C terminus of I kappa B alpha. (pnas.org)
- Title: Casein kinase 2 phosphorylates and stabilizes C/EBPβ in pancreatic β cells. (nih.gov)
- Casein kinase 2 (CK2) binds and phosphorylates SP1, a transcription factor of KCNJ2 that encodes Kir2.1. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Previously, we demonstrated that CK2 kinase phosphorylates the Ikaros tumor suppressor in vivo and that phosphorylation of Ikaros at specific amino acids interferes with the normal function of the Ikaros protein. (aacrjournals.org)
- Casein kinase II phosphorylates exposed Ser or sometimes Thr residues, provided that an acidic residue is present three residues from the phosphate acceptor site. (academic.ru)
- Furthermore, yeast casein kinase II phosphorylates recombinant wild-type eIF-2 alpha protein in vitro but does not phosphorylate recombinant eIF-2 alpha that contains Ser-to-Ala mutations at all three consensus casein kinase II sequences. (asm.org)
- These data strongly support the conclusion that casein kinase II directly phosphorylates eIF-2 alpha at one or all of these Ser amino acids in vivo. (asm.org)
- CSNK2 phosphorylates various proteins that deal with cell cycle regulation, cell survival, cell morphology, cell metabolism, tumorigenesis, and cancer cell invasiveness [ 2 ] . (medsci.org)
Inhibitor13
- Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor - Pipeline Insight, 2018' reportoffers comprehensive insights of the pipeline (under development) therapeutics scenario and growth prospects across Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor development. (researchandmarkets.com)
- Descriptive coverage of pipeline development activities for Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor - Pipeline therapeutics development coverage provides descriptive product profiles including (but not limited to) drug description, product development and R&D activities encompassing clinical and pre-clinical studies, designations, collaborations, licensing deals, grants, technologies and patent details. (researchandmarkets.com)
- The report assesses the active Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor pipeline products by developmental stage, product type, molecule type, and administration route. (researchandmarkets.com)
- Inhibitor-κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) is known to activate NF-κB by inducing NH 2 -terminal phosphorylation and degradation of its endogenous inhibitor, IκB. (aacrjournals.org)
- Casein Kinase II Inhibitor I, CAS 17374-26-4, is a cell-permeable, selective, reversible, and ATP/GTP-competitive inhibitor of casein kinase-2 (IC50 = 900 nM for rat liver CK2). (merckmillipore.com)
- A cell-permeable benzotriazolo compound that acts as a higly selective, reversible, and ATP/GTP-competitive inhibitor of casein kinase-2 (CK2) (IC 50 = 900 nM and 1.6 µM, using rat liver and human recombinant CK2, respectively) and DYRK (IC 50 (merckmillipore.com)
- A 10 mM (5 mg/1.15 ml) solution of Casein Kinase II Inhibitor I (Cat. (merckmillipore.com)
- A cell-permeable pyrrolo-pyrimidone compound that acts as a potent, ATP-competitive inhibitor of casein kinase II (IC 50 = 9 nM) and an effective inducer of normal human keratinocytes (NHEK) differentiation (EC 50 = 100 nM). (merckmillipore.com)
- A screen profiling 158 kinase inhibitors (Calbiochem Protein Kinase Inhibitor Library I and II, catalogue numbers 539744 and 539745) for their inhibitory activity at 1µM and 10µM against 234 human recombinant kinases using the EMD Millipore KinaseProfiler TM service. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- The Casein Kinase II Inhibitor VIII controls the biological activity of Casein Kinase II. (emdmillipore.com)
- A cell-permeable thiazolamide compound that acts as a potent, reversible, and ATP-competitive inhibitor against casein kinase-2/CK2 (IC 50 = 32 and 46 nM against CK2α and CK2α', respectively), as well as DYRK1B and FLt-3 (82% and 76% inhibition, respectively, at 30 nM), while diplaying reduced or little potency toward other targets in a 70-kinase panel selectivity profile study. (emdmillipore.com)
- Treatment with the COX2 inhibitor or knockdown of COX2 reduced expression of casein kinase (CK) 2 α, a phophorylated Akt and urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA), resulting in p27 induction, cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and cell growth suppression in human urothelial carcinoma cell lines expressing COX2. (biomedcentral.com)
- Calbiochem A potent, ATP-competitive, and specific inhibitor of casein kinase II (IC₅₀ = 6 µM). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Inhibition7
- In addition, the effect of simultaneous bFGF and PDGF-BB stimulation and CK-2 inhibition on RPE cell proliferation was investigated by an MTT-assay. (arvojournals.org)
- CK-2 seems to have impact on the inhibition of RPE cell proliferation most likely by modulating cellular apoptosis. (arvojournals.org)
- Inhibition of protein tyrosine kinases or protein kinase C has little effect on NMDAR currents potentiated by nerve injury. (aspetjournals.org)
- Inhibition of CK2 kinase by 2-dimethylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1 H -benzimidazole resulted in increased doxorubicin accumulation in MRP1 cells, but not in MRP1 CK2α(−), MRP1-T249A, or MRP1-T249E cells, suggesting that CK2α regulates MRP1 function via phosphorylation of Thr249. (aspetjournals.org)
- inhibitors offer beneficial results on nephritis via Ck2?1 inhibition and undesireable effects on spermatogenesis via CK2?2 inhibition (Xu et al. (immune-source.com)
- Casein kinase 2 inhibition sensitizes medulloblastoma to temozolomide. (stanford.edu)
- Previously, the pleiotropic "master kinase" casein kinase 2 (CK2) was shown to interact with CFTR, the protein responsible for cystic fibrosis (CF). Moreover, CK2 inhibition abolished CFTR conductance in cell-attached membrane patches, native epithelial ducts, and Xenopus oocytes. (dundee.ac.uk)
Human casein9
- Structure of the gene encoding human casein kinase II subunit beta. (ebi.ac.uk)
- Synthetic peptide derived from N-terminus of human Casein Kinase 1 gamma 2. (abcam.com)
- Synthetic peptide corresponding to a region within Human Casein Kinase 2 beta (UniProt P67870). (abcam.com)
- Devilat, Carvallo: Structure and sequence of an intronless gene for human casein kinase II-alpha subunit. (antikoerper-online.de)
- Western blot analysis of Jurkat human T cell leukemia whole cell lysate probed with Human anti Human casein kinase 2 alpha 1 antibody ( HCA064 ) followed by followed by HRP conjugated F(ab') 2 Goat anti Human IgG, visualized by chemiluminescence. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
- Human anti casein kinase 2 alpha 1 antibody, clone AbD05928 recognizes human casein kinase 2 alpha 1. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
- Recombinant Human Casein Kinase 2 beta, Active Human samples 80 % of the research is conducted on human samples. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- Human anti Human casein kinase 2 alpha 1 antibody recognizes the casein kinase 2 subunit alpha, also known as CK II alpha. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
- Human anti Human casein kinase 2 alpha 1 antibody detects a band of 42 kDa. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Subunit of casein1
- This gene encodes the beta subunit of casein kinase II, a ubiquitous protein kinase which regulates metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transcription, translation, and replication. (nih.gov)
CSNK2A15
- CSNK2A1 CSNK2A2 Casein kinase 1 - a distinct protein kinase family Ahmad KA, Wang G, Unger G, Slaton J, Ahmed K (2008). (wikipedia.org)
- Casein kinase II subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CSNK2A1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Lepr db / + Lepr db mice, T2DM, Casein Kinase 2 Alpha 1 (CSNK2A1). (medsci.org)
- In this study, we investigated casein kinase 2 alpha 1 (CSNK2A1) gene and protein expression in the liver tissues of mice at different ages (4, 16, and 32 weeks) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (medsci.org)
- Three transcript variants encoding two different proteins have been found for CSNK2A1 (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Proteins12
- In SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infected Caco-2 cells, the phosphorylase activity of CK2 is increased resulting in phosphorylation of several cytoskeletal proteins. (wikipedia.org)
- Three transcript variants encoding two different proteins have been found for this gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Previous work in Drosophila has identified several kinases, phosphatases, and an E3 ligase that are critical for determining the nuclear translocation and/or stability of clock proteins. (jneurosci.org)
- Proteins kinase CK2 (previously called casein kinase 2) is a pivotal and ubiquitously expressed member of the protein CX-6258 manufacture kinase CMGC subfamily which includes cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) glycogen synthase kinases (GSKs) and CDK-like kinases (CLKs). (immune-source.com)
- and it has been within many diseases especially cancer rendering it an interesting focus on inside CX-6258 manufacture the druggable category of eukaryotic proteins kinases (Pagano et al. (immune-source.com)
- The GST-removed hCK2?2 proteins which acquired a. (immune-source.com)
- GENTAUR suppliers human normal cells, cell lines, RNA extracts and lots of antibodies and ELISA kits to Human proteins as well as Recombinant Human Protein kinase Casein Kinase 2 alpha, His-tagged. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- this suggests that the two proteins may associate in the intact cell. (scienceexchange.com)
- Naturally occurring polyamines and polyanionic compounds appear to be crucial factors governing the interaction between the two proteins. (scienceexchange.com)
- Identification of casein kinase II and phosphorylated proteins associated with messenger ribonucleoproteins particles from reticulocytes. (duke.edu)
- Phosphorylation of the β subunit of EF-1 from rabbit reticulocytes by casein kinase II was stimulated up to 22-fold by polylysine, while basic proteins or polyarginine enhanced phosphorylation to a lesser extent. (elsevier.com)
- The first to be discovered was its capability to drive cell proliferation (upregulates cyclins, downregulates p21), but it also plays a very important role in regulating cell growth (upregulates ribosomal RNA and proteins), apoptosis (downregulates Bcl-2 ), differentiation, and stem cell self-renewal. (wikipedia.org)
Regulates5
- Regulates transcription by direct phosphorylation of RNA polymerases I, II, III and IV. (rcsb.org)
- In this study, we explored whether casein kinase 2α (CK2α), the human homolog of Cka1p, regulates MRP1 by phosphorylation at the semiconserved site Thr249. (aspetjournals.org)
- The conserved protein kinase CK2 negatively regulates centrosome assembly and is required for proper cell cycle progression and cytokinesis in early C. elegans embryos. (biologists.org)
- Polycystin-1 regulates actin cytoskeleton organization and directional cell migration through a novel PC1-Pacsin 2-N-Wasp complex. (nih.gov)
- The New Role for an Old Kinase: Protein Kinase CK2 Regulates Metal Ion Transport. (ebi.ac.uk)
Peptides3
- In addition, synthetic peptides with sequences corresponding to putative CK-II phosphorylation sites in Myc are subject to multiple, highly efficient phosphorylations by CK-II, and can act as competitive inhibitors of CK-II phosphorylation of Myc in vitro. (nih.gov)
- We have used such peptides to map the phosphorylated regions in Myc and have located major CK-II phosphorylations within the central highly acidic domain and within a region proximal to the C terminus. (nih.gov)
- The phosphorylation of troponin by casein kinase-2 results in the incorporation of phosphate into two major tryptic peptides, which are different from those phosphorylated by casein kinase-1. (elsevier.com)
Gene11
- The mammalian beta-subunit gene promoter shares common features with those of other mammalian protein kinases and is closely related to the promoter of the regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase [ PMID: 7737972 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
- Title: Casein kinase 2-mediated phosphorylation of Brahma-related gene 1 controls myoblast proliferation and contributes to SWI/SNF complex composition. (nih.gov)
- Previous studies have demonstrated that the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2 alpha), encoded by the SUI2 gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is phosphorylated at Ser-51 by the GCN2 kinase in response to general amino acid control. (asm.org)
- Although substitution of SUI2 genes mutated at these sites for the wild-type gene have no obvious effect on cell growth, one test that we have used appears to demonstrate that the inability to phosphorylate these sites has a physiological consequence on eIF-2 function in S. cerevisiae. (asm.org)
- Haploid strains constructed to contain Ser-to-Ala mutations at the consensus casein kinase II sequences in SUI2 in combination with a mutated allele of either the GCN2, GCN3, or GCD7 gene have synthetic growth defects. (asm.org)
- Kunal Chopra , Shoko Ishibashi and Enrique Amaya find that zebrafish harbouring two loss-of-function alleles of the single duox gene exhibit various adult phenotypes reminiscent of human congenital hypothyroidism. (biologists.org)
- Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (nih.gov)
- This gene encodes a protein that is highly similar to the casein kinase II alpha protein. (genecards.org)
- CSNK2A3 (Casein Kinase 2 Alpha 3) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
- Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups and protein tyrosine kinase activity . (genecards.org)
- Our integrated gene network and useful evaluation indicated that Sox4 features as a bimodular transcription aspect and guarantees N family tree precursor difference through 2 specific systems. (stopvivisection.info)
Apoptosis3
- Bid plays an essential role in Fas-mediated apoptosis of the so-called type II cells. (nih.gov)
- We found that C/EBPβ is phosphorylated by CK2 under AMPK suppression and ER stress, which are important from the viewpoint of the worsening pathological condition of type 2 diabetes, such as decreased insulin secretion and apoptosis of pancreatic β cells. (elsevier.com)
- As Casein kinase-2 (CK2) induces aberrant NF-κB activation and as we observed elevated CK2 levels in GBM tumors, we investigated the potential of CK2 inhibitors (CK2-Is)-DRB and Apigenin in sensitizing glioma cells to TNFα-induced apoptosis. (tut.fi)
Abstract2
- Abstract 4371: Anti-leukemia effect of Casein Kinase II (CK2) inhibitors in vivo is mediated by the Ikaros tumor suppressor. (aacrjournals.org)
- abstract = "During the development of type 2 diabetes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress leads to pancreatic β cell failure. (elsevier.com)
Enzyme7
- Changes in the nuclear CK-2 activity correlated with the immunostainable enzyme protein in the nucleus. (pnas.org)
- These buildings claim that the prolonged N-terminal portion fixes the activation portion and ?C helix the conformational plasticity which is certainly significant for on/off legislation of enzyme activity in CMGC kinases and thus allows CK2?1 to have constitutive activity. (immune-source.com)
- The cyclic-nucleotide-independent protein kinase phosphorylated casein using either ATP or GTP as the phosphoryl donor and had properties similar to casein kinase II, an enzyme previously purified and characterized from the post-ribosomal supernate of reticulocytes. (duke.edu)
- We have now found that this feature of the Kv3.1 channel is strongly influenced by its constitutive phosphorylation by the enzyme casein kinase II. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- Phosphorylation of casein, fibrinogen and calmodulin by a glycoprotein protein kinase from monkey cerebellum: a casein kinase II-like enzyme. (bvsalud.org)
- The phosphorylation of fibrinogen (a glycoprotein ), but not casein or calmodulin (non- glycoproteins ), was significantly inhibited by Concanavalin A . Unlike casein kinase II , the enzyme did not undergo autophosphorylation. (bvsalud.org)
- At the latter KCl concentration CK-2 activity was localized at a position corresponding to a Mr of 230-250 kDa, which is still higher than the typical tetrameric form of the enzyme. (uab.cat)
Antibody2
- Primary antibody: Anti-Casein Kinase II, α-Subunit Mouse mAb (1AD9) (Cat. (emdmillipore.com)
- Antibody prepared to casein kinase II was shown to inhibit the protein kinase activity in the mRNP particles. (duke.edu)
Vitro6
- One- and two-dimensional mapping experiments demonstrate that the major phosphopeptides from in vivo phosphorylated Myc correspond to the phosphopeptides produced from Myc phosphorylated in vitro by CK-II. (nih.gov)
- A two-dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide map of I kappa B alpha from unstimulated cells was identical to that obtained by in vitro phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha with the partially purified cellular kinase. (pnas.org)
- CK2 and IKK kinase activity, as well as NF-κB transcriptional activity, was shown to be serum responsive, indicating that these kinases mediate aberrant activation of NF-κB in response to serum factor(s) in vitro . (aacrjournals.org)
- To further characterize the signaling events that contribute to IkappaBalpha phosphorylation, a kinase activity was isolated from Jurkat T cells that specifically interacted with IkappaBalpha in an affinity chromatography step and phosphorylated IkappaBalpha with high specificity in vitro. (asm.org)
- Point mutation of residues T-291, S-283, and T-299 dramatically reduced phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha by the kinase in vitro. (asm.org)
- Purified recombinant topoisomerase II and casein kinase II associate to form a complex in vitro which is stable after topoisomerase II becomes phosphorylated by the kinase. (scienceexchange.com)
NEBuffer for Protein Kinases3
- Reaction Conditions: 1X NEBuffer for Protein Kinases (PK), supplement with 200 µM ATP and gamma-labeled ATP to a final specific activity of 100-500 µCi/µmol. (neb.com)
- NEBuffer for Protein Kinases (PK) will also accept GTP as a phosphoryl donor in place of ATP). (neb.com)
- At a 1X concentration the NEBuffer for Protein Kinases (PK) assures optimal activity of protein kinase enzymes. (neb.com)
Cells22
- GFP-CK2α constructs transfected into NIH 3T3 cells were predominantly localized to the nucleus, a localization that depended in part on a functional nuclear localization signal in the CK2α NH 2 -terminal region, and microinjected His 6 -tagged GFP-CK2α rapidly translocated to the nucleus. (sciencemag.org)
- In nonstimulated fibroblasts and epithelial cells, c-Jun is phosphorylated on a cluster of two to three sites abutting its DNA-binding domain. (nih.gov)
- Until now, the regulation, function and expression of CK-2 in RPE cells has not been enlightened. (arvojournals.org)
- Furthermore, the modulation ofCK-2 in RPE cells by the specific inhibitors TBB and Quin was investigated. (arvojournals.org)
- The PVR associated growth factors bFGF and PDGF-BB have no impact on the expression of CK-2 in RPE cells. (arvojournals.org)
- CK-2 expression in RPE cells is not modulated by the PVR associated growth factors bFGF and PDGF-BB. (arvojournals.org)
- Casein kinase 2 (CK2) was previously reported to be overexpressed in HNSCC cells and to be a COOH-terminal IKK, but its relationship to NF-κB activation in HNSCC cells is unknown. (aacrjournals.org)
- We conclude that the aberrant NF-κB activity in HNSCC cells in response to serum is partially through a novel mechanism involving CK2-mediated activation of IKK2, making these kinases candidates for selective therapy to target the NF-κB pathway in HNSCC. (aacrjournals.org)
- In normal cells, the classic IKK complex plays a critical role in integrating responses to various stimuli, resulting in IKK2-mediated phosphorylation of S32/S36 in the NH 2 terminus of IκBα and NF-κB activation. (aacrjournals.org)
- Anti-Casein Kinase II, α-Subunit, mouse monoclonal, clone 1AD9, recognizes the ~45 kDa CK2α subunit in F9 cells. (emdmillipore.com)
- Silmitasertib (CX-4945) with PS-341 treatment prevents leukemic cells from engaging a functional UPR in order to buffer the PS-341-mediated proteotoxic stress in ER lumen, and decreases pro-survival ER chaperon BIP/Grp78 expression [2] . (medchemexpress.com)
- 2.2 Protein expression and purification Escherichia coli strain HMS174 (DE3) cells (Novagen) were transformed with pGEX-hCK2?2. (immune-source.com)
- invasion and migration, improved matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) manifestation, and improved activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in breasts and prostate tumor cells (10). (casein-kinases.com)
- As shown in Fig. 2, PODXL overexpression in SW1783 cells increased cell invasion by 4-fold compared with that of the controls, and this increase was eradicated by LY. (casein-kinases.com)
- Open in a separate window Physique 2 cell invasion by SW1783 and U-87 cells. (casein-kinases.com)
- CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β is highly induced by ER stress and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) suppression in pancreatic β cells, and its accumulation reduces pancreatic β cell mass. (elsevier.com)
- Casein kinase 2 (CK2) was found to co-localize with C/EBPβ in MIN6 cells. (elsevier.com)
- Casein kinase 2 determines the voltage dependence of the Kv3.1 channel in auditory neurons and transfected cells. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- Casein and Publication1/2 kinase 1 are essential effectors of Sox4 function in progenitor N cells. (stopvivisection.info)
- Immunoblot analysis utilizing anti-casein kinase II antiserum of cytosolic extracts prepared from COS-1 cells co-transfected with pCMV-alpha and pCMV-beta showed 2- and 4-fold increases in immunoreactive alpha and beta subunit protein, respectively, relative to vector-transfected cells. (umassmed.edu)
- COS-1 cells transfected with pCMV-alpha alone exhibited a 3-fold increase in immunoreactive alpha subunit protein and a nearly 2-fold increase in cytosolic casein kinase II catalytic activity. (umassmed.edu)
- Reported to inhibit insulin-stimulated nuclear and cytosolic p70S6 kinase in CHO cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Regulatory2
- Title: Protein Kinase CK2 Controls the Fate between Th17 Cell and Regulatory T Cell Differentiation. (nih.gov)
- Surprisingly, we demonstrate a physical interaction between S6KII and the casein kinase 2 regulatory subunit (CK2β), suggesting a functional relationship between the two kinases. (jneurosci.org)
Purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques1
- Casein Kinase 2 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. (creativebiomart.net)
Activity18
- Casein kinase 2 activity has been reported to be activated following Wnt signaling pathway activation. (wikipedia.org)
- We have studied the activity and subcellular location of CK-2 in adult rat ventral prostate in relation to androgen withdrawal and administration. (pnas.org)
- Androgen deprivation by castration results in a faster decline in CK-2 activity associated with prostatic nuclei than that in the cytosol. (pnas.org)
- Reversal of these events by administration of a single dose of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone to adult rats castrated 144 hr previously was accompanied by a differential early enhancement of chromatin-associated CK-2 activity, with a concomitant decrease in the CK-2 activity present in the cytosol. (pnas.org)
- After this time course the activity of the CK-2 was evaluated with a Western Blot. (arvojournals.org)
- Here we show that peripheral nerve injury induces a large GluN2A-mediated increase in NMDAR activity in spinal lamina II, but not lamina I, neurons. (aspetjournals.org)
- However, the specific protein kinases responsible for increased NMDAR activity caused by nerve injury have not been conclusively identified. (aspetjournals.org)
- An increase in the expression and activity of pro-oncogenic Casein Kinase II (CK2) is associated with the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in humans. (aacrjournals.org)
- Hence, CK2 has recently been recognized as a "master kinase" that is involved in many important cellular processes by controlling the activity of several other kinases [ 1 ] . (medsci.org)
- Similar to other GPCRs, various kinases modulate M3R activity via phosphorylation. (medsci.org)
- A screen profiling the inhibitory activity of 178 commercially available kinase inhibitors at 0.5µM against a panel of 300 recombinant protein kinases using the Reaction Biology Corporation Kinase Hotspot SM platform. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- At a 1X concentration this reaction buffer assures optimal activity of protein kinases, including Abl Protein Tyrosine Kinase (Abl) (NEB# P6050), CDK1-cyclin B (NEB# P6020), CaMKII (NEB #P6060), p42 MAP Kinase (MAPK) (NEB# P6080). (neb.com)
- We identify a novel parasitic type 2C phosphatase that binds the Toxofilin/G-actin complex and a casein kinase II-like activity in the cytosol, both of which modulate the phosphorylation status of Toxofilin serine53. (pasteur.fr)
- Messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) particles, isolated from reticulocyte polysomes and purified by buoyant density centrifugation in metrizamide, contained an endogenous protein kinase activity. (duke.edu)
- Here we show that the peptide CVVKILKPVKKKKIKREIKILE, reproducing the basic insert 66-86 of CK2 catalytic subunit, can mimick polylysine in triggering the latent 'calmodulin kinase' activity of CK2 holoenzyme, and that spermine and, to a lesser extent, spermidine, but not putrescine, can reversibly and dose-dependently counteract such an activation. (unipd.it)
- These same cytosolic fractions exhibited an average 5-fold increase in casein kinase II catalytic activity. (umassmed.edu)
- Transfection with the cDNA coding for the noncatalytic beta subunit alone also caused a near doubling of cytosolic casein kinase II catalytic activity. (umassmed.edu)
- These results indicate that a portion of the endogenous cellular casein kinase II protein is not fully active and that raising the concentration of the alpha or beta subunit stimulates this latent activity. (umassmed.edu)
Inhibit2
- Biochemicals that inhibit casein kinase II alpha have many applications in biochemical and physiological research. (scbt.com)
- Has been used to inhibit RNA polymerase II transcription which may be dependent on casein kinase II. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Specificity1
- Our results, along with previous studies on myc deletion mutants, show that Myc is phosphorylated by CK-II, or a kinase with similar specificity, in regions of functional importance. (nih.gov)
Amino acids1
- Casein kinase, a ubiquitous well-conserved protein kinase involved in cell metabolism and differentiation, is characterised by its preference for Ser or Thr in acidic stretches of amino acids. (ebi.ac.uk)
Cellular3
- CK2 is implicated in a variety of cellular functions (1,2). (neb.com)
- Casein kinase 2 has been implicated in cell cycle control, DNA repair, regulation of the circadian rhythm and other cellular processes. (creativebiomart.net)
- In this manuscript we review the crosstalk between the Casein Kinase II (CK2) and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) pathways that plays a critical role in the regulation of cellular proliferation in leukemia. (elsevier.com)
Recombinant casein1
- Sample: Recombinant casein kinase II α-Subunit. (emdmillipore.com)
Sites for casein1
- 263, 8958-8964), which is highly acidic and contains several consensus phosphorylation sites for casein kinase II. (elsevier.com)
Pathway4
- Title: Lipopolysaccharide inhibits colonic biotin uptake via interference with membrane expression of its transporter: a role for a casein kinase 2-mediated pathway. (nih.gov)
- In mammals, RSK1 is a light- and clock-regulated kinase known to be activated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, but there is no direct evidence that it functions as a component of the circadian system. (jneurosci.org)
- An alternate pathway involving IKK1 has also been described ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- Previously published data suggest that CK2 and GSK-3 act synergistically to promote the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway via phosphorylation of PTEN. (elsevier.com)
Neurons2
- We propose that the two kinases cooperate within clock neurons to fine-tune circadian period, improving the precision of the clock mechanism. (jneurosci.org)
- Strikingly, casein kinase II (CK2) inhibitors normalize increased NMDAR currents of dorsal horn neurons in nerve-injured rats. (aspetjournals.org)
Phosphatase2
- Treatment of SUI2+ delta gcn2 strain extracts with phosphatase results in the identification of three additional isoelectric forms of eIF-2 alpha that correspond to the stepwise removal of three phosphates from the protein. (asm.org)
- Furthermore, inhibitors of casein kinase 2 mimicked the effect of phosphatase treatment on voltage-dependent activation and inactivation, whereas inhibitors of protein kinase C failed to alter these parameters. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
Regulator4
- Protein kinase CK2 is a critical regulator of epithelial homeostasis in chronic intestinal inflammation. (nih.gov)
- In this dissertation we identify casein kinase (CK) 2α phosphorylation of cortactin as a negative regulator of Arp2/3 binding. (wvu.edu)
- Launch People of the Sry-related high flexibility group container (Sox) transcriptional regulator family members control important developing procedures in embryonic and adult levels.1 Results from our prior others and research demonstrated that Sox4 has an essential function in B-cell advancement.2,3 However, the molecular systems underlying the function of Sox4 as a transcriptional regulator in B lymphopoiesis stay imprecise. (stopvivisection.info)
- Notably, mutation of Y512, a consensus sequence for the spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) possibly acting in a CK2 context adjacent to the common CF-causing defect F508del, had a strong effect on both maturation and CFTR currents, allowing the identification of this kinase as a novel regulator of CFTR. (dundee.ac.uk)
Glycogen synthase3
- Casein kinase-2 from rabbit skeletal muscle was found to phosphorylate, in addition to glycogen synthase, troponin from skeletal muscle, and myosin light chain from smooth muscle. (elsevier.com)
- Troponin T and the 20,000 M r myosin light chain are phosphorylated by casein kinase-2 at much greater rates than glycogen synthase. (elsevier.com)
- Troponin T and the 20,000 Mr myosin light chain are phosphorylated by casein kinase-2 at much greater rates than glycogen synthase. (elsevier.com)
Yeast casein1
- We have shown previously that the function of Ycf1p, yeast ortholog of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), is regulated by yeast casein kinase 2α (Cka1p) via phosphorylation at Ser251. (aspetjournals.org)
Mutants1
- 32Pi labeling or isoelectric focusing analysis of eIF-2 alpha from conditional casein kinase II mutants indicated that phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha is abolished or dephosphorylated forms of eIF-2 alpha are detected when these strains are grown at the restrictive growth conditions. (asm.org)
Ribosomal S6 kin1
- The present study evaluated the function of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) in the Drosophila circadian system. (jneurosci.org)
Nuclear5
- We have found that a number of nuclear oncoproteins share a CK-II phosphorylation sequence motif, including Myc, Myb, Fos, E1a and SV40 T antigen. (nih.gov)
- Fibroblast growth factor 2, which binds to and activates the holoenzyme, triggered nuclear accumulation. (sciencemag.org)
- Association of casein kinase 2 with nuclear chromatin in relation to androgenic regulation of rat prostate. (pnas.org)
- Nuclear CK-2 associated with chromatin is reduced at an even greater rate than that in the total nucleus. (pnas.org)
- Modulations in the association of CK-2 with nuclear chromatin may represent an important mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation of nuclear CK-2 in relation to androgen action in the prostate. (pnas.org)
Cytoplasm2
- We propose that androgens evoke translocation of CK-2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus (nucleoplasm) where its enhanced association with the chromatin constituents takes place. (pnas.org)
- Conversely, withdrawal of circulating androgens due to castration evokes a dissociation of CK-2 from chromatin and eventual translocation of nucleoplasmic CK-2 to the cytoplasm. (pnas.org)