Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins
Most abundant proteins in COBRA venom; basic polypeptides of 57 to 62 amino acids with four disulfide bonds and a molecular weight of less than 7000; causes skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction, interferes with neuromuscular and ganglionic transmission, depolarizes nerve, muscle and blood cell membranes, thus causing hemolysis.
Elapidae
A family of extremely venomous snakes, comprising coral snakes, cobras, mambas, kraits, and sea snakes. They are widely distributed, being found in the southern United States, South America, Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. The elapids include three subfamilies: Elapinae, Hydrophiinae, and Lauticaudinae. Like the viperids, they have venom fangs in the front part of the upper jaw. The mambas of Africa are the most dangerous of all snakes by virtue of their size, speed, and highly toxic venom. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p329-33)
Cobra Venoms
Elapid Venoms
Venoms from snakes of the family Elapidae, including cobras, kraits, mambas, coral, tiger, and Australian snakes. The venoms contain polypeptide toxins of various kinds, cytolytic, hemolytic, and neurotoxic factors, but fewer enzymes than viper or crotalid venoms. Many of the toxins have been characterized.
Cardiotoxins
Agents that have a damaging effect on the HEART. Such damage can occur from ALKYLATING AGENTS; FREE RADICALS; or metabolites from OXIDATIVE STRESS and in some cases is countered by CARDIOTONIC AGENTS. Induction of LONG QT SYNDROME or TORSADES DE POINTES has been the reason for viewing some drugs as cardiotoxins.
Amino Acid Sequence
Protein Structure, Secondary
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Encyclopedias as Topic
Snake Venoms
Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins
Glycosphingolipids
Lipids containing at least one monosaccharide residue and either a sphingoid or a ceramide (CERAMIDES). They are subdivided into NEUTRAL GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS comprising monoglycosyl- and oligoglycosylsphingoids and monoglycosyl- and oligoglycosylceramides; and ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS which comprises sialosylglycosylsphingolipids (GANGLIOSIDES); SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS (formerly known as sulfatides), glycuronoglycosphingolipids, and phospho- and phosphonoglycosphingolipids. (From IUPAC's webpage)
Heparitin Sulfate
Heart Failure, Systolic
Cell Membrane
Muscle, Skeletal
Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle
Myoblasts
Muscle Development
Torsades de Pointes
A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between 200 and 250 beats per minute, and QRS complexes with changing amplitude and twisting of the points. The term also describes the syndrome of tachycardia with prolonged ventricular repolarization, long QT intervals exceeding 500 milliseconds or BRADYCARDIA. Torsades de pointes may be self-limited or may progress to VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION.
Long QT Syndrome
A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.
Cardiotonic Agents
Copyright
It is a form of protection provided by law. In the United States this protection is granted to authors of original works of authorship, including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. This protection is available to both published and unpublished works. (from Circular of the United States Copyright Office, 6/30/2008)
Horses
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Carcinoma, Lewis Lung
A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.
Authorship
Talin
Tendons
Costameres
Aging
Phospholipases A2
Phospholipases A
Anthracyclines
Idarubicin
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Cell Differentiation
Somites
MyoD Protein
Skeletal myogenesis by human embryonic stem cells. (1/115)
We have examined the myogenic potential of human embryonic stem (hES) cells in a xeno-transplantation animal model. Here we show that precursors differentiated from hES cells can undergo myogenesis in an adult environment and give rise to a range of cell types in the myogenic lineage. This study provides direct evidences that hES cells can regenerate both muscle and satellite cells in vivo and are another promising cell type for treating muscle degenerative disorders in addition to other myogenic cell types. (+info)Beta-cardiotoxin: a new three-finger toxin from Ophiophagus hannah (king cobra) venom with beta-blocker activity. (2/115)
Snake venoms have provided a number of novel ligands with therapeutic potential. We have constructed a partial cDNA library from the mRNA of Ophiophagus hannah (king cobra) venom gland tissue and identified five new genes encoding proteins belonging to the three-finger toxin family of snake venom proteins. We have isolated and characterized one of these beta-sheet containing proteins with a mass of 7012.43 +/- 0.91 Da from the venom. The protein was nonlethal up to a dose of 10 mg/kg when injected intraperitoneally into Swiss albino mice. However, it induces labored breathing and death at a dose of 100 mg/kg. It does not show any hemolytic or anticoagulant activity. It caused a dose-dependent decrease of heart rate in vivo (anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats) and also ex vivo (Langendorff isolated rat heart). This is in contrast to classical cardiotoxins from snake venom that increase the heart rate in animals. Radioligand displacement studies showed that this protein targets beta-adrenergic receptors with a binding affinity (Ki) of 5.3 and 2.3 microM toward beta1 and beta2 subtypes, respectively, to bring about its effect, and hence, it was named as beta-cardiotoxin. This is the first report of a natural exogenous beta-blocker. (+info)Functional analysis of homeodomain-containing transcription factor Lbx1 in satellite cells of mouse skeletal muscle. (3/115)
Satellite cells are usually mitotically quiescent muscle stem cells, located between the sarcolemma and the basement membrane of muscle fibers. When muscles are damaged, satellite cells become activated, proliferate and differentiate to form multinucleate myofibers. The molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. In the present study, we found that, following treatment with cardiotoxin, homeodomain-containing transcription factor Lbx1 was strongly expressed in the satellite cells of regenerating adult skeletal muscle. Our immunohistochemical and northern blot analyses indicate that Lbx1 is expressed in activated but not quiescent satellite cells. In vitro, this Lbx1 expression was gradually downregulated when satellite cells differentiate into mature myofibers. Transfection and forced expression of Lbx1 in satellite-cell-derived C2C12 myoblast cells resulted in severe depression of myogenic differentiation and incomplete myotube formation, concomitantly with the activation of the paired-box transcription factor Pax7 and depression of the myogenic regulatory factor MyoD. Moreover, knockdown of Lbx1 in in-vitro-cultured satellite cells resulted in downregulation of Pax7. These results suggest that Lbx1 plays important roles in differentiation and maintenance of satellite cells of mature myofibers, probably through the regulation of Pax7. (+info)Structural reengineering of imatinib to decrease cardiac risk in cancer therapy. (4/115)
Imatinib, a selective, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has life-saving clinical activity in certain cancers, but questions have been raised about the potential for cardiac toxicity through inhibition of its target, ABL kinase. In this issue of the JCI, Fernandez et al. describe a novel method by which the ABL-inhibitory activity of imatinib was deleted by modifying its chemical structure (see the related article beginning on page 4044). The anticancer activity of the reengineered agent, called WBZ_4, was instead preserved against gastrointestinal stromal tumors in both in vitro and in vivo models via inhibition of KIT tyrosine kinase, and the desired safety was demonstrated with less cardiotoxicity of WBZ_4 compared with imatinib via the inhibition of JNK. The study shows that structural reengineering of a kinase-inhibitory drug to improve tolerability while preserving efficacy is feasible. (+info)An anticancer C-Kit kinase inhibitor is reengineered to make it more active and less cardiotoxic. (5/115)
Targeting kinases is central to drug-based cancer therapy but remains challenging because the drugs often lack specificity, which may cause toxic side effects. Modulating side effects is difficult because kinases are evolutionarily and hence structurally related. The lack of specificity of the anticancer drug imatinib enables it to be used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia, where its target is the Bcr-Abl kinase, as well as a proportion of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), where its target is the C-Kit kinase. However, imatinib also has cardiotoxic effects traceable to its impact on the C-Abl kinase. Motivated by this finding, we made a modification to imatinib that hampers Bcr-Abl inhibition; refocuses the impact on the C-Kit kinase; and promotes inhibition of an additional target, JNK, a change that is required to reinforce prevention of cardiotoxicity. We established the molecular blueprint for target discrimination in vitro using spectrophotometric and colorimetric assays and through a phage-displayed kinase screening library. We demonstrated controlled inhibitory impact on C-Kit kinase in human cell lines and established the therapeutic impact of the engineered compound in a novel GIST mouse model, revealing a marked reduction of cardiotoxicity. These findings identify the reengineered imatinib as an agent to treat GISTs with curbed side effects and reveal a bottom-up approach to control drug specificity. (+info)Comparative genomics identifies genes mediating cardiotoxicity in the embryonic zebrafish heart. (6/115)
(+info)Atrial dysfunction as a marker of iron cardiotoxicity in thalassemia major. (7/115)
(+info)Mechanisms responsible for reduced cardiotoxicity of mitoxantrone compared to doxorubicin examined in isolated guinea-pig heart preparations. (8/115)
We reported previously that doxorubicin, an anticancer agent that has an anthracycline structure, alters Ca2+ releasing and uptake mechanisms in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of myocardial cells. These effects of doxorubicin are apparently related to its cardiotoxicity. Mitoxantrone is a similar anticancer agent with an anthracenedion structure that has been shown to be significantly less cardiotoxic. In the present study, the effects of mitoxantrone on the functions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum were examined in isolated muscle preparations obtained from the guinea-pig heart. In electrically-stimulated left atrial muscle preparations, incubation in vitro for 4 hr with 30 or 100 microM mitoxantrone significantly prolonged the time to the peak of twitch tension, markedly increased the developed tension observed at lower stimulation frequencies, thereby attenuating the slope of positive force-frequency relationships, and increased the postrest contraction observed after a 60-sec quiescent period. In myocytes isolated from ventricular muscles, 30 microM mitoxantrone increased the peak and the size of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+] i), and prolonged the time to peak [Ca2+]i. In skinned muscle fiber preparations obtained from the left ventricular muscle, 30 muM mitoxantrone significantly increased the caffeine-induced contraction without affecting the Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile proteins. These results suggest that mitoxantrone enhances Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in isolated atrial muscle preparations obtained from the guinea-pig heart. Apparent enhancement of the sarcoplasmic reticulum functions, in contrast to anthracyclines that has been shown to suppress these functions, seems to explain the relative lack of marked cardiotoxicity of mitoxantrone. (+info)
Cardiotoxic Effects of Anti-VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors<...
The electrophysiological and morphological analysis of the cardiotoxic effect of ethanol in rats
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Concerns about cardiotoxicity in the HERA trial.
Various Manifestations of 5-Fluorouracil Cardiotoxicity: A Multicenter Case Series and Review of Literature | SpringerLink
Downloadable Document - Cardiotoxic | GreenMedInfo | Natural Medicine
Tox and Hound - One Therapy To Rule Them All? Sugar vs Squeeze in Cardiotoxic Poisoning
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Alterations of Phospholamban Function Can Exhibit Cardiotoxic Effects Independent of Excessive Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+...
Cardiotoxic effects of gemcitabin/cisplatin vs paclitaxel/carboplatin first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced non...
Rac1 signaling mediates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through both reactive oxygen species dependent and independent...
Most recent papers with the keyword Chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity | Read by QxMD
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Anthracycline cardiotoxicity in childhood
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Patients given sunitinib need close monitoring for cardiac problems
CST Colloquium: Pharmacology Powered by Computational Analysis: Predicting Cardiotoxicity of Chemotherapeutics | Faculty...
Radiologic recognition of Adriamycin cardiotoxicity | SpringerLink
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Frontiers | S100A8 and S100A9 Are Associated with Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in the Heart of Diabetic Mice | Physiology
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Noncontrast CMR for Detecting Early Myocardial Tissue Injury in a Swine Model of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity. |...
Anthracycline cardiotoxicity: prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment
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Putative cardiotoxic compounds extracted from meat meal as a potential risk factor for the development of heart failure in fast...
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Antineoplastic-related cardiotoxicity, morphofunctional aspects in a murine model: contribution of the new tool 2D-speckle...
Cardiotoxicity with immune system targeting drugs: A meta-analysis of anti-PD/PD-L1 immunotherapy randomized clinical trials<...
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WHMIS classification for Allyldimethylchlorosilane
- CNESST
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Plus it
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Open channels
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MYTH | Ray Peat Forum
Jameson's mamba
Its other components include cardiotoxins, and fasciculins. Its venom may also have hemotoxic and myotoxic components to it. ...
List of dangerous snakes
... and cardiotoxins. Two forms of "cytotoxin II" (cardiotoxin) were found in the venom of this species. The crude venom of this ... Its venom consists mainly of postsynaptic neurotoxins and cardiotoxins. Four cardiotoxin-analogues I, II, III, and IV, account ... The venom of this species also contains myotoxins and cardiotoxins. The median lethal dose (LD50) is 0.28-0.33 mg per gram of ... Research has shown its venom is purely a neurotoxin, with no apparent necrotizing components and no cardiotoxins. These snakes ...
Equatorial spitting cobra
Cardiotoxins represented 40% of the snakes venom protein. This species presented an IV LD50 of 0.50 µg/g mouse. Grismer, L.; ... The venom may also consist of cardiotoxins and cytotoxins. The venom of the Equatorial spitting cobra exhibited the common ...
Mamba
... venoms consist mostly of neurotoxins (known as dendrotoxins). Besides the neurotoxins, they also carry cardiotoxins and ...
Chinese cobra
Its venom consists mainly of postsynaptic neurotoxins and cardiotoxins. Four cardiotoxin-analogues I, II, III, and IV, account ... Cardiotoxin-analogue III and phospholipase A2" (PDF). Journal of Biological Chemistry. 256 (17): 9279-9282. PMID 7263715. ...
Three-finger toxin
These cardiotoxins also often have generalized cytotoxic effects and are sometimes known as cytolysins. The protein targets in ... The cardiotoxin/cytolysin 3FTx subgroup has a somewhat different set of functionally significant residues due to its distinct ... Lee SC, Lin CC, Wang CH, Wu PL, Huang HW, Chang CI, Wu WG (July 2014). "Endocytotic routes of cobra cardiotoxins depend on ... Rajagopalan N, Pung YF, Zhu YZ, Wong PT, Kumar PP, Kini RM (November 2007). "Beta-cardiotoxin: a new three-finger toxin from ...
Monocled cobra
Fletcher, J. E.; Jiang, M.-S.; Gong, Q.-H.; Yudkowsky, M. L.; Wieland, S. J. (1991). "Effects of a cardiotoxin from Naja ... The venom of this species also contains myotoxins and cardiotoxins. In case of intravenous injection the LD50 tested in mice is ...
LNTX-1
The 3FTx family consists of two major categories, neurotoxins and cardiotoxins. LNTX belongs to the neurotoxin family; other ...
Harlequin poison frog
O. histrionica, along with O. speciosa, produces cardiotoxins known as histrionicotoxins. These moderate to highly toxic ...
Cardiotoxicity
Cardiotoxins are the second most toxic venom while neurotoxins are the first". Circulation. 121 (5): 675-83. doi:10.1161/ ...
KCNIP1
"Evidence showing an intermolecular interaction between KChIP proteins and Taiwan cobra cardiotoxins". Biochem. Biophys. Res. ...
Javan spitting cobra
However, the main components of its venom are cardiotoxins with cytotoxic activity. In fact, polypeptide cardiotoxins make up ... "Cytotoxic potency of cardiotoxin from Naja sputatrix: development of a new cytolytic assay". Biochemical Journal. 366 (1): 35- ... postsynaptic neurotoxins and polypeptide cardiotoxins, meaning although the venom may be potent, it may not be particularly ...
Taxine alkaloids
The taxine alkaloids are cardiotoxins with taxine B being the most active. Taxine alkaloids have no medical uses but Paclitaxel ...
KCNIP2
"Evidence showing an intermolecular interaction between KChIP proteins and Taiwan cobra cardiotoxins". Biochemical and ...
Black mamba
Member of the three-finger family include alpha-neurotoxin, cardiotoxins, fasciculins and mambalgins. The most toxic components ...
Indian cobra
The Indian cobra's venom mainly contains a powerful post-synaptic neurotoxin and cardiotoxin. The venom acts on the synaptic ... ISBN 81-901873-0-9. Achyuthan, K. E.; Ramachandran, L. K. (1981). "Cardiotoxin of the Indian cobra (Naja naja) is a ... one cardiotoxin and one muscarinic toxin), six snake venom metalloproteinases, one nerve growth factor, two venom Kunitz serine ...
Three-finger protein
Another large subfamily of 3FTx proteins is the cardiotoxins (also known as cytotoxins or cytolysins); this group is directly ...
Western green mamba
The venom consists mainly of both pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurotoxins, cardiotoxins, and fasciculins. The toxicity of ... Its venom is a highly potent mixture of rapid-acting presynaptic and postsynaptic neurotoxins (dendrotoxins), cardiotoxins and ...
Caspian cobra
Dementieva, Daria V.; Bocharov, Eduard V.; Arseniev, Alexander S. (1999). "Two forms of cytotoxin II (cardiotoxin) from Naja ...
Philippine cobra
Research has shown its venom is purely a neurotoxin, with no apparent necrotizing components and no cardiotoxins. These snakes ...
Scorpionism in Central America
The compounds consist of neurotoxins, cardiotoxin, nephrotoxin, hemolytic toxic, phosphodiesterases, phospholipase, histamine, ...
Spotlight Innovation
The company also licensed a cardiotoxin therapy for acute and chronic nephropathy in 2015. In January, 2015, Celtic Biotech ...
Black-necked spitting cobra
Fryklund, Linda; Eaker, David (July 1975). "Complete covalent structure of a cardiotoxin from the venom of Naja nigricollis ( ... and cardiotoxins. Bite symptoms include severe external hemorrhaging and tissue necrosis around the bite area and difficulty ...
Echis
The snake venom of Echis species consists mostly of four types of toxins: neurotoxins, cardiotoxins, hemotoxins, and cytotoxins ...
Elapidae
Other toxic components in some species comprise cardiotoxins and cytotoxins, which cause heart dysfunctions and cellular damage ...
Snake venom
Snake example: Okinawan habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis) Cardiotoxins / Cytotoxins Cardiotoxins are components that are ... An example is the three-fingered cardiotoxin III from cobra, an example of the short three-fingered family (InterPro: IPR003572 ... Polypeptide toxins (molecular weight 5-10 KDa) include cytotoxins, cardiotoxins, and postsynaptic neurotoxins (such as α- ...
Dusty Donovan
He had been injected with a lethal dose of potassium chloride, a heart-stopping cardiotoxin. All of them were cleared of the ...
King cobra
Rajagopalan, N.; Pung, Y. F.; Zhu, Y. Z.; Wong, P. T. H.; Kumar, P. P.; Kini, R. M. (2007). "β-Cardiotoxin: A new three-finger ...
Osteopontin
"Expression profiling of cytokines and related genes in regenerating skeletal muscle after cardiotoxin injection: a role for ...
Aconitum
Aconitine is a potent neurotoxin and cardiotoxin that causes persistent depolarization of neuronal sodium channels in ...
Cardiotoxin III - Wikipedia
Cardiotoxin III (CTX III, also known as cytotoxin 3) is a sixty amino-acid polypeptide toxin from the Taiwan Cobra Naja atra. ... "Cardiotoxin III induces apoptosis in K562 cells through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway". Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 32 ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cardiotoxin_III&oldid=899751861" ...
A common cytolytic region in myotoxins, hemolysins, cardiotoxins and antibacterial peptides. - PubMed - NCBI
Cardiotoxin on myoblasts: post #1
Ive only been able to find one paper so far using cardiotoxin to injure myoblasts in culture (they used it on C2C12 myotubes ... Cardiotoxin on myoblasts - posted in Tissue and Cell Culture: ... Ive only been able to find one paper so far using cardiotoxin ... Also tagged with one or more of these keywords: cardiotoxin, myoblast, C2C12, primary. Protocols and Techniques Forums → ... Cardiotoxin on myoblasts. Started by assembler01, Oct 05 2012 01:00 PM ...
Beta-Synemin Expression in Cardiotoxin-Injected Rat Skeletal Muscle
In regenerating muscle, β-synemin is first expressed at the sarcolemma and in the cytoplasm at day 5 following cardiotoxin ... Beta-synemin expression in cardiotoxin-injected rat skeletal muscle. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 8: 40. ... and co-localization studies for α-dystrobrevin and β-synemin were performed in regenerating muscle following cardiotoxin ...
Role of Heparan Sulfates and Glycosphingolipids in the Pore Formation of Basic Polypeptides of Cobra Cardiotoxin | SpringerLink
Cobra venom contains cardiotoxins (CTXs) that induce tissue necrosis and systolic heart arrest in bitten victims. CTX-induced ... Non-cytotoxic cobra cardiotoxin A5 binds to avß3 integrin and inhibit bone resorption. Identification of cardiotoxins as nonRGD ... Interaction of cardiotoxins with membranes: a molecular modeling study. Biophys J 2002; 83:144-53.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Possible mechanisms of action of cobra snake venom cardiotoxins and bee venom melittin. Toxicon 1993; 31:669-695.CrossRefPubMed ...
Ameliorating Adriamycin-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Rats by Orally Administrated Cardiotoxin from Naja naja atra Venom
C.-M. Chien, S.-Y. Chang, K.-L. Lin, C.-C. Chiu, L.-S. Chang, and S.-R. Lin, "Taiwan cobra cardiotoxin III inhibits Src kinase ... L.-W. Chen, P.-H. Kao, Y.-S. Fu, S.-R. Lin, and L.-S. Chang, "Membrane-damaging activity of Taiwan cobra cardiotoxin 3 is ... Ameliorating Adriamycin-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Rats by Orally Administrated Cardiotoxin from Naja naja atra Venom. ... C.-C. Hung, S.-H. Wu, and S.-H. Chiou, "Sequence characterization of cardiotoxins from Taiwan cobra: isolation of a new isoform ...
Induction of Acute Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Cardiotoxin Injection | Protocol
1. Cardiotoxin Injection in the Tibialis Anterior Muscle. *Prepare a 10 μM working solution of cardiotoxin (CTX) by diluting ... Cardiotoxin from Naja mossambica mossambica. SIGMA ALDRICH. C9759. Syringe For Insulin BD Micro-Fine+ Needle 30 G x 8 mm - Da ... Chang, C. C., Chuang, S. T., Lee, C. Y., Wei, J. W. Role of cardiotoxin and phospholipase A in the blockade of nerve conduction ... Induction of Acute Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Cardiotoxin Injection. doi: 10.3791/54515 Published: January 1, 2017 ...
Cardiotoxin, Naja nigricollis | 217504
Cardiotoxin, Naja nigricollis A cytolytic toxin that causes depolarization of skeletal muscle fibers in vitro. - Find MSDS or ... We are offering Cardiotoxin, Naja pallida (Cat. No. 217503) as a possible alternative. Please read the alternative product ... Cardiotoxin, Naja nigricollis MSDS (material safety data sheet) or SDS, CoA and CoQ, dossiers, brochures and other available ...
Depolarization of skeletal muscle cells in culture by a cardiotoxin-like basic polypeptide from the venom of the Taiwan cobra ...
A cardiotoxin-like basic polypeptide from the venom of Naja naja atra is homologous to cardiotoxins from the same venom, but ... Harvey, A L and Hayashi, K (1987) Depolarization of skeletal muscle cells in culture by a cardiotoxin-like basic polypeptide ... To determine if it acts like the cardiotoxins its depolarizing ability was measured. It was about 10 times less potent than the ... Depolarization of skeletal muscle cells in culture by a cardiotoxin-like basic polypeptide from the venom of the Taiwan cobra ( ...
Antioxidants: Promising neuroprotection against cardiotoxin-4b-induced cell death which triggers oxidative stress with early...
Cardiotoxin-4b (CTX-4b), isolated from Naja naja sputatrix venom, shows lethality in several cell types. Employing murine ... Antioxidants: Promising neuroprotection against cardiotoxin-4b-induced cell death which triggers oxidative stress with early ... Promising neuroprotection against cardiotoxin-4b-induced cell death which triggers oxidative stress with early calpain ...
Cardiotoxins | CTD
A single heterochronic blood exchange reveals rapid inhibition of multiple tissues by old blood | Nature Communications
Expression of glutathione S-transferase-cardiotoxin fusion protein in Escherichia coli<...
The expression of cardiotoxin fusion protein with a yield of about 35 mg/liter culture was confirmed by highly specific anti- ... The expression of cardiotoxin fusion protein with a yield of about 35 mg/liter culture was confirmed by highly specific anti- ... The expression of cardiotoxin fusion protein with a yield of about 35 mg/liter culture was confirmed by highly specific anti- ... The expression of cardiotoxin fusion protein with a yield of about 35 mg/liter culture was confirmed by highly specific anti- ...
Beta-synemin expression in cardiotoxin-injected rat skeletal muscle | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Full Text
In regenerating muscle, β-synemin is first expressed at the sarcolemma and in the cytoplasm at day 5 following cardiotoxin ... and co-localization studies for α-dystrobrevin and β-synemin were performed in regenerating muscle following cardiotoxin ... Immunohistochemistry of β-synemin and ATPase staining on muscle sections after injection with cardiotoxin. (A) 10 μm transverse ...
Quarterly Equine Disease Author Bio | The Horse | TheHorse.com
Follistatin: A Novel Therapeutic for the Improvement of Muscle Regeneration | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental...
Muscle injury was induced by a 100-µl injection of a 10 µM cardiotoxin (CTX) solution (cardiotoxin 1 from Naja naja atra, part ... Cardiotoxin Injury.. Cardiotoxin injury was induced similar to what was described by Garry et al. (2000), with slight ... cardiotoxin. ELISA. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FSD. follistatin domain. FSH. follicle-stimulating hormone. FST288. ... Cardiotoxin Injury/Hind Limb Immobilization.. Lower limb muscles were injured using the aforementioned protocol. Following the ...
Progressive myopathy and defects in the maintenance of myotendinous junctions in mice that lack talin 1 in skeletal muscle |...
An absolute requirement for Pax7-positive satellite cells in acute injury-induced skeletal muscle regeneration | Development
Muscle injury with cardiotoxin. Cardiotoxin (CTX; Sigma) was prepared in PBS (10 μM) and 50 μl was injected percutaneously into ... Therefore, we induced injury by injection of cardiotoxin (CTX) into Pax7+/CE;R26ReGFP-DTA/lacZ EDL muscle grafts that had ... B-E) Fluorescent microscopy on cross-sections of established Pax7+/CE;R26ReGFP-DTA/lacz EDL grafts four weeks post-cardiotoxin ... Absence of the myogenic response to acute injury in satellite cell-ablated mice. (A) Tamoxifen (tmx) and cardiotoxin (CTX) ...
Stem cell-mediated muscle regeneration is enhanced by local isoform of insulin-like growth factor 1 | PNAS
Conformation of cardiotoxins isolated from Naja naja siamensis. | Indian J Biochem Biophys; 1986 Feb; 23(1): 52-3 | IMSEAR
Conformation of cardiotoxins isolated from Naja naja siamensis. Conformation of cardiotoxins isolated from Naja naja siamensis ... Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins / Elapid Venoms / Animals Language: English Journal: Indian J Biochem Biophys Year: 1986 Type: ... Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins / Elapid Venoms / Animals Language: English Journal: Indian J Biochem Biophys Year: 1986 Type: ... Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Circular Dichroism , Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins/isolation & purification , Elapid Venoms/ ...
GENTAUR antibody-antibodies.com The Marketplace for Antibodies : The multiplicity of cardiotoxins from Naja naja atra (Taiwan...
The multiplicity of cardiotoxins from Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) venom. ... The multiplicity of cardiotoxins from Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) venom. Four novel cardiotoxins were isolated from Naja naja ... Analysis on the secondary structure of pre-mRNAs of N. naja atra cardiotoxin 4 gene and N. naja sputatrix cardiotoxin 3 gene ... The hypervariable segments encoded by the second and third exon of cardiotoxin genes are located at or near the tips of loop ...
Anthracycline cardiotoxicity: prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment
Taiwan cobra cardiotoxins induce apoptotic death of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells mediated by reactive oxygen species...
Although Naja naja atra cardiotoxin 3 (CTX3) and cardiotoxin 4 (CTX4) showed different cytotoxicity toward human neuroblastoma ... abstract = "Although Naja naja atra cardiotoxin 3 (CTX3) and cardiotoxin 4 (CTX4) showed different cytotoxicity toward human ... N2 - Although Naja naja atra cardiotoxin 3 (CTX3) and cardiotoxin 4 (CTX4) showed different cytotoxicity toward human ... AB - Although Naja naja atra cardiotoxin 3 (CTX3) and cardiotoxin 4 (CTX4) showed different cytotoxicity toward human ...
JAK1-STAT1-STAT3, a key pathway promoting proliferation and preventing premature differentiation of myoblasts | JCB
JAK1/STAT1/STAT3 were activated during cardiotoxin-induced muscle regeneration. (A) After the injection of cardiotoxin (CTX), ... Cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury and regeneration. TA muscles of 6-8-wk-old C57BL/6 mice were injected with 25 μl of 10 μM ... JAK1/STAT1/STAT3 are up-regulated and activated in cardiotoxin-induced regenerating muscles. Because MSC-derived primary ... muscles in response to cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury (Charge and Rudnicki, 2004). In this injury-induced muscle ...
Patent US6153421 - Cloned genomes of infectious hepatitis C viruses and uses thereof - Google Patents
Systolic Dysfunction
Evidence Report: The efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone (Novantrone) in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: Report of the...
Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility | Home
JCI -
Recombinant annexin A6 promotes membrane repair and protects against muscle injury
Cardiotoxin injury was induced by injecting 20 μL of a 10 μM cardiotoxin solution in PBS into tibialis anterior or ... Cardiotoxin injection and histology. Wild-type mice were sedated (3% isoflurane, 0.8 L/min O2) and then injected with 1 mg/kg ... Cardiotoxin was released down the midline of the muscle to induce a homogeneous area of injury at the center of the muscle. ... Three hours after cardiotoxin injury muscle was evaluated for Evans blue dye uptake (Figure 8A). Fluorescence imaging showed a ...
Naja14
- Cardiotoxin III (CTX III, also known as cytotoxin 3 ) is a sixty amino-acid polypeptide toxin from the Taiwan Cobra Naja atra . (wikipedia.org)
- Actions of cardiotoxins from the southern Chinese cobra (Naja naja atra) on rat cardiac tissue. (springer.com)
- We are offering Cardiotoxin, Naja pallida (Cat. (merckmillipore.com)
- A cardiotoxin-like basic polypeptide from the venom of Naja naja atra is homologous to cardiotoxins from the same venom, but much less toxic. (strath.ac.uk)
- We report here the construction of cardiotoxin V gene, from cobra snake venom (Naja naja atra), by chemically synthesized oligonucleotides and its expression as a glutathione S-transferase-cardiotoxin fusion protein in the inclusion bodies of Escherichia coli. (elsevier.com)
- Conformation of cardiotoxins isolated from Naja naja siamensis. (bvsalud.org)
- GENTAUR antibody-antibodies.com The Marketplace for Antibodies : The multiplicity of cardiotoxins from Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) venom. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- The multiplicity of cardiotoxins from Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) venom. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- Four novel cardiotoxins were isolated from Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) venom by successive separation on a SP-Sephadex C-25 column and a reverse phase column. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- Comparative analyses on the amino acid sequences of cardiotoxins from the venoms of N. naja atra and other Naja species indicated that amino acid substitutions of cardiotoxin isoforms frequently occurred at positions 7-11, 27-32 and 45-47. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- Analysis on the secondary structure of pre-mRNAs of N. naja atra cardiotoxin 4 gene and N. naja sputatrix cardiotoxin 3 gene has shown that the hypervariable regions of the exon 2 pertain to form intra-exon pairings and are not involved in the formation of intron-exon pairings. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- Although Naja naja atra cardiotoxin 3 (CTX3) and cardiotoxin 4 (CTX4) showed different cytotoxicity toward human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells, the two toxins induced apoptotic death on SK-N-SH cells. (elsevier.com)
- Chinese cobra ( Naja naja atra ) cardiotoxins are three-fingered family with 60。62 amino acids bind by four disulfide bonds. (bvsalud.org)
- Cardiotoxin II of the Indian cobra (Naja naja) contains approximately four Mg 2+ per mol. (ias.ac.in)
Neurotoxins and cardiotoxins2
- The venom is a combination of neurotoxins and cardiotoxins. (hubpages.com)
- And also their venom contains neurotoxins and cardiotoxins. (biology-online.org)
Regeneration4
- The present work describes a detailed and reproducible protocol to induce acute skeletal muscle regeneration in mice through a single intramuscular injection of cardiotoxin (CTX). (jove.com)
- Genetic deletion of miR-206 in mice substantially delayed regeneration induced by cardiotoxin injury. (jci.org)
- R. Couteaux, J.-C. Mira, and A. d'Albis, "Regeneration of muscles after cardiotoxin injury. (hindawi.com)
- This study addressed how Tregcells rein in MFs during regeneration of murine muscle after acute injury with cardiotoxin. (unboundmedicine.com)
Venom contains2
- C obra venom contains cardiotoxins (CTXs) that induce tissue necrosis and systolic heart arrest in bitten victims. (springer.com)
- Brown snake venom contains procoagulants, cardiotoxins and a potent presynaptic neurotoxin ( Textilotoxin ). (lifeinthefastlane.com)
Residues3
- It shows that these cardiotoxins comprise 60 amino acid residues. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- These results, together with the suggestions that the residues at the tips of cardiotoxins' loop structure were involved in the manifestation of the biological activities of cardiotoxins, reflect that the preferential mutations may contribute to alterations in the function of cardiotoxin molecules. (antibody-antibodies.com)
- N-bromosuccinimide effected oxidation of the tyrosine residues in cardiotoxin II with enhancement in absorbance at 260 nm. (ias.ac.in)
Cytotoxin1
- The enzyme activity is intrinsic to a protein fraction in the venom which is normally termed cardiotoxin, cobramine, cytotoxin and so on. (ias.ac.in)
Neurotoxin1
- Scientifically, alcohol is a neurotoxin and a cardiotoxin. (rd.com)
Hemolysins1
- A common cytolytic region in myotoxins, hemolysins, cardiotoxins and antibacterial peptides. (nih.gov)
Haemotoxins1
- These categories are: (i) haemotoxins, which promote haemorrhaging primary to extensive local swelling and necrosis, (ii) neurotoxins, which disable muscle contraction and paralyse the heart as well as hinder respiration, and (iii) cardiotoxins, which elicit specific toxicity to cardiac and muscle cells, causing irreversible depolarization of cell membranes [ 6 ]. (biology-online.org)
Potent2
- It was about 10 times less potent than the cardiotoxins. (strath.ac.uk)
- I would not recommend using oleander extracts without good safety data, because oleander leaves contain several potent cardiotoxins. (sunjournal.com)
Depolarization1
- The second venom category comprises so-called cardiotoxins, which are actually generalized cell-membrane poisons that produce irreversible cell depolarization. (medscape.com)
Cobra venom3
- Local lesions1 caused by cardiotoxin isolated from Formosan cobra venom. (springer.com)
- Hider RC, Khader F. Biochemical and pharmacological properties of cardiotoxins isolated from cobra venom. (springer.com)
- Molecular dynamics simulation of a small, basic, all β-sheet cardiotoxin, CTX II, from Taiwan cobra venom, with proper treatment of long-range electrostatic interactions, was carried out to examine the backbone mobility of CTX II in solution and aid in interpretation of order parameters of C α -H bonds obtained from NMR experiments based on the Lipari-Szabo theory. (ntnu.edu.tw)
Injection3
- Immunoprecipitation and co-localization studies for α-dystrobrevin and β-synemin were performed in regenerating muscle following cardiotoxin injection. (harvard.edu)
- In regenerating muscle, β-synemin is first expressed at the sarcolemma and in the cytoplasm at day 5 following cardiotoxin injection. (harvard.edu)
- Immunohistochemistry of β-synemin and ATPase staining on muscle sections after injection with cardiotoxin. (biomedcentral.com)
Myoblasts1
- I've only been able to find one paper so far using cardiotoxin to injure myoblasts in culture (they used it on C2C12 myotubes). (protocol-online.org)
Molecules1
- The hypervariable segments encoded by the second and third exon of cardiotoxin genes are located at or near the tips of loop structure of cardiotoxin molecules. (antibody-antibodies.com)
Cardiotoxicity1
- Emetine is a cardiotoxin and has been associated with serious cardiotoxicity. (drugs.com)
Injury1
- The lab is also identifying some of the mechanisms regulating muscle repair following cardiotoxin-induced injury. (pugetsound.edu)
Expression1
- An effective expression and purification system for recombinant CTXs in P. pastoris was developed, this system will permit us the ready isolation of active cardiotoxins . (bvsalud.org)
Genes1
- Since the pairings of splice sites and gene architecture were supposed to be associated with intron-exon recognition, it is likely that the preferred loci of mutations occurring with the evolution of cardiotoxin genes would not affect the processing of cardiotoxin precursors. (antibody-antibodies.com)
Snake1
- Possible mechanisms of action of cobra snake venom cardiotoxins and bee venom melittin. (springer.com)
Sequences1
- Amino acid sequences of the cardiotoxins were determined by Edman degradation and carboxypeptidase digestion. (antibody-antibodies.com)
Nervous system1
- Neurotoxins cause damage to the nervous system, such as parts of the brain controlling motor functions, while cardiotoxins attack the heart. (biology-online.org)
Damage1
- Using muscle-specific gain- and loss-of-function models for PGC-1α in combination with the myotoxic agent cardiotoxin (CTX), we explored the role of this transcriptional coactivator in muscle damage and inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
Interaction3
- Two distinct types of cardiotoxin as revealed by the structure and activity relationship of their interaction with zwitterionic phospholipid dispersions. (springer.com)
- Interaction of cardiotoxins with membranes: a molecular modeling study. (springer.com)
- and the interaction of cardiotoxin with phospholipid vesicles. (thermofisher.com)
Biological1
- The essential role of tyrosine residue(s) of cardiotoxin II in the biological activity of the toxin was evaluated using N-bromosuccinimide. (ias.ac.in)
Drugs1
- Induction of LONG QT SYNDROME or TORSADES DE POINTES has been the reason for viewing some drugs as cardiotoxins. (ctdbase.org)
Medications1
- These cardiotoxins are responsible for more fatal dysrhythmias annually than any other class of medications. (calpoison.org)
Cell1
- Lee SC, Guan HH, Wang CH. Structural basis of citrate-dependent and heparin sulfate-mediated cell surface retention of cobra cardiotoxin A3. (springer.com)
Agents1
- Ainsi, la compréhension de leur mode d'action à l'échelle moléculaire représente une étape essentielle à l'identification de sondes biologiques du fonctionnement et du développement des organismes, en plus de faciliter la mise au point de dérivés potentiellement utiles comme outils pharmacologiques ou agents thérapeutiques. (inrs.ca)
Activities1
- Unlike cardiotoxin II oxidized with N-chlorosuccinimide (50 equivalents/mol of toxin) which retained lethal activity as well as the ability to protect protoplasts from lysis, performic acid-oxidized toxin had lost both the activities. (ias.ac.in)