The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).
Measurement of blood flow based on induction at one point of the circulation of a known change in the intravascular heat content of flowing blood and detection of the resultant change in temperature at a point downstream.
The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).
A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities.
The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.
The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.
The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.
PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.
Method for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of dye into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
A state of elevated cardiac output due to conditions of either increased hemodynamic demand or reduced cardiac oxygen output. These conditions may include ANEMIA; ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; THYROTOXICOSIS; PREGNANCY; EXERCISE; FEVER; and ANOXIA. In time, compensatory changes of the heart can lead to pathological form of high cardiac output and eventual HEART FAILURE.
Surgery performed on the heart.
A type of impedance plethysmography in which bioelectrical impedance is measured between electrodes positioned around the neck and around the lower thorax. It is used principally to calculate stroke volume and cardiac volume, but it is also related to myocardial contractility, thoracic fluid content, and circulation to the extremities.
The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)
The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.
Placement of a balloon-tipped catheter into the pulmonary artery through the antecubital, subclavian, and sometimes the femoral vein. It is used to measure pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure which reflects left atrial pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The catheter is threaded into the right atrium, the balloon is inflated and the catheter follows the blood flow through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle and out into the pulmonary artery.
Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.
Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)
Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.
The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.
Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.
Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
The movement of the BLOOD as it is pumped through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.
The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.
The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.
The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.
Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.
Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.
Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.
Methods for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of an indicator, such as a dye, radionuclide, or chilled liquid, into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.
An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
The blood pressure in the central large VEINS of the body. It is distinguished from peripheral venous pressure which occurs in an extremity.
Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.
Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.
The volume of the HEART, usually relating to the volume of BLOOD contained within it at various periods of the cardiac cycle. The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle at each beat is STROKE VOLUME.
Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.
A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.
Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.
A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.
The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.
Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.
A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).
Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.
The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to reflect the PRESSURE in the pulmonary CAPILLARIES.
The HEART and the BLOOD VESSELS by which BLOOD is pumped and circulated through the body.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART VENTRICLES.
The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.
The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).
The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.
A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.
Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.
Method for determining the circulating blood volume by introducing a known quantity of foreign substance into the blood and determining its concentration some minutes later when thorough mixing has occurred. From these two values the blood volume can be calculated by dividing the quantity of injected material by its concentration in the blood at the time of uniform mixing. Generally expressed as cubic centimeters or liters per kilogram of body weight.
Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.
The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.
The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.
Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.
The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).
The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.
The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.
The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).
Recording changes in electrical impedance between electrodes placed on opposite sides of a part of the body, as a measure of volume changes in the path of the current. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs.
Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.
Precursor cells destined to differentiate into cardiac myocytes (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC).
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Myosin type II isoforms found in cardiac muscle.
Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.
Visualization of the heart structure and cardiac blood flow for diagnostic evaluation or to guide cardiac procedures via techniques including ENDOSCOPY (cardiac endoscopy, sometimes refered to as cardioscopy), RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; TOMOGRAPHY; or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.
Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.
The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g., DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY). The information is useful in evaluating the function of the MYOCARDIUM; CARDIAC VALVES; and PERICARDIUM, particularly with simultaneous measurement of other (e.g., aortic or atrial) pressures.
Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.
Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.
A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.
The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.
A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.
Freedom from activity.
One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It inhibits F-actin-myosin interactions.
Cyclopentanophenanthrenes with a 5- or 6-membered lactone ring attached at the 17-position and SUGARS attached at the 3-position. Plants they come from have long been used in congestive heart failure. They increase the force of cardiac contraction without significantly affecting other parameters, but are very toxic at larger doses. Their mechanism of action usually involves inhibition of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE and they are often used in cell biological studies for that purpose.
A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.
The restoration of the sequential order of contraction and relaxation of the HEART ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES by atrio-biventricular pacing.
The restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead. (Dorland, 27th ed)
A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.
A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.
The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.
The blood pressure in the ARTERIES. It is commonly measured with a SPHYGMOMANOMETER on the upper arm which represents the arterial pressure in the BRACHIAL ARTERY.
The posture of an individual lying face up.
A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.
The artificial substitution of heart and lung action as indicated for HEART ARREST resulting from electric shock, DROWNING, respiratory arrest, or other causes. The two major components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are artificial ventilation (RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL) and closed-chest CARDIAC MASSAGE.
The position or attitude of the body.
A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.
An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).
The circulation of BLOOD through the LIVER.
Occurrence of heart arrest in an individual when there is no immediate access to medical personnel or equipment.
Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right HEART VENTRICLE.
Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.
The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.
The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.
Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.
A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).
A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).
A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.
The main trunk of the systemic arteries.
A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.
A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.
The exercise capacity of an individual as measured by endurance (maximal exercise duration and/or maximal attained work load) during an EXERCISE TEST.
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.
Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.
A response by the BARORECEPTORS to increased BLOOD PRESSURE. Increased pressure stretches BLOOD VESSELS which activates the baroreceptors in the vessel walls. The net response of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM is a reduction of central sympathetic outflow. This reduces blood pressure both by decreasing peripheral VASCULAR RESISTANCE and by lowering CARDIAC OUTPUT. Because the baroreceptors are tonically active, the baroreflex can compensate rapidly for both increases and decreases in blood pressure.
Receptors in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which are sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the RIGHT ATRIUM.
Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.
An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.
A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.
Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.
The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.
The measure of a BLOOD VESSEL's ability to increase the volume of BLOOD it holds without a large increase in BLOOD PRESSURE. The vascular capacitance is equal to the change in volume divided by the change in pressure.
The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)
A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.
Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues using a transducer placed in the esophagus.
The period following a surgical operation.
The ratio of alveolar ventilation to simultaneous alveolar capillary blood flow in any part of the lung. (Stedman, 25th ed)
The ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; and SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS.
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.
The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.
A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)
Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.
Diversion of blood flow through a circuit located outside the body but continuous with the bodily circulation.
A species of RUBULAVIRUS originally isolated from cultured primary monkey cells. Its natural host is the DOG in which it causes kennel cough, but it can also infect humans.
Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.
Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
External decompression applied to the lower body. It is used to study orthostatic intolerance and the effects of gravitation and acceleration, to produce simulated hemorrhage in physiologic research, to assess cardiovascular function, and to reduce abdominal stress during childbirth.
The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.
An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.
Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solutions. Used clinically (1) in states of impaired microcirculation, (2) for replacement of intraoperative blood loss without homologous blood transfusion, and (3) in cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia.
One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It is a cardiac-specific protein that binds to TROPOMYOSIN. It is released from damaged or injured heart muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Defects in the gene encoding troponin T result in FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY.
A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.
Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects.
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include, but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.
The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.
Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.
Advanced and highly specialized care provided to medical or surgical patients whose conditions are life-threatening and require comprehensive care and constant monitoring. It is usually administered in specially equipped units of a health care facility.
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
Any method of artificial breathing that employs mechanical or non-mechanical means to force the air into and out of the lungs. Artificial respiration or ventilation is used in individuals who have stopped breathing or have RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY to increase their intake of oxygen (O2) and excretion of carbon dioxide (CO2).
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Plethysmographic determination in which the intensity of light reflected from the skin surface and the red cells below is measured to determine the blood volume of the respective area. There are two types, transmission and reflectance.
Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities.
The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.
Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.
A subfield of acoustics dealing in the radio frequency range higher than acoustic SOUND waves (approximately above 20 kilohertz). Ultrasonic radiation is used therapeutically (DIATHERMY and ULTRASONIC THERAPY) to generate HEAT and to selectively destroy tissues. It is also used in diagnostics, for example, ULTRASONOGRAPHY; ECHOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; and ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, to visually display echoes received from irradiated tissues.
Tumors in any part of the heart. They include primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the heart. Their interference with normal cardiac functions can cause a wide variety of symptoms including HEART FAILURE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS; or EMBOLISM.
Institutions specializing in the care of patients with heart disorders.
Characteristics of ELECTRICITY and magnetism such as charged particles and the properties and behavior of charged particles, and other phenomena related to or associated with electromagnetism.
The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx).
The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.
Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.
A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.
Echocardiography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image.
A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.
The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.
A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.
In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.
Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART ATRIA.
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
A type of imaging technique used primarily in the field of cardiology. By coordinating the fast gradient-echo MRI sequence with retrospective ECG-gating, numerous short time frames evenly spaced in the cardiac cycle are produced. These images are laced together in a cinematic display so that wall motion of the ventricles, valve motion, and blood flow patterns in the heart and great vessels can be visualized.
The vessels carrying blood away from the capillary beds.
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.
A standard and widely accepted diagnostic test used to identify patients who have a vasodepressive and/or cardioinhibitory response as a cause of syncope. (From Braunwald, Heart Disease, 7th ed)
The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an ARTERY produced by waves of pressure caused by the ejection of BLOOD from the left ventricle of the HEART as it contracts.
Distensibility measure of a chamber such as the lungs (LUNG COMPLIANCE) or bladder. Compliance is expressed as a change in volume per unit change in pressure.
The veins and arteries of the HEART.
The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.
The heart rate of the FETUS. The normal range at term is between 120 and 160 beats per minute.
A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)
The study of the electrical activity and characteristics of the HEART; MYOCARDIUM; and CARDIOMYOCYTES.

Regulation of sympathetic nerve activity in heart failure: a role for nitric oxide and angiotensin II. (1/847)

The mechanisms by which sympathetic function is augmented in chronic heart failure (CHF) are not well understood. A previous study from this laboratory (Circ Res. 1998;82:496-502) indicated that blockade of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis resulted in only an increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) when plasma angiotensin II (Ang II) levels were elevated. The present study was undertaken to determine if NO reduces RSNA in rabbits with CHF when Ang II receptors are blocked. Twenty-four New Zealand White rabbits were instrumented with cardiac dimension crystals, a left ventricular pacing lead, and a pacemaker. After pacing at 360 to 380 bpm for approximately 3 weeks, a renal sympathetic nerve electrode and arterial and venous catheters were implanted. Studies were carried out in the conscious state 3 to 7 days after electrode implantation. The effects of a 1-hour infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 3 microgram . kg-1. min-1) on RSNA and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were determined before and after Ang II blockade with losartan (5 mg/kg) in normal and CHF rabbits. Changes in MAP were readjusted to normal with phenylephrine. Before losartan, SNP evoked a decrease in MAP and an increase in RSNA in both groups that was baroreflex-mediated, because both MAP and RSNA returned to control when phenylephrine was administered. In the normal group, losartan plus SNP caused a reduction in MAP and an increase in RSNA that was 152.6+/-9.8% of control. Phenylephrine returned both MAP and RSNA back to the control levels. However, in the CHF group, losartan plus SNP evoked a smaller change in RSNA for equivalent changes in MAP (117.1+/-4.1% of control). On returning MAP to the control level with phenylephrine, RSNA was reduced to 65.2+/-2.9% of control (P<0. 0001). These data suggest that endogenous Ang II contributes to the sympathoexcitation in the CHF state and that blockade of Ang II receptors plus providing an exogenous source of NO reduces RSNA below the elevated baseline levels. We conclude that both a loss of NO and an increase in Ang II are necessary for sustained increases in sympathetic nerve activity in the CHF state.  (+info)

The sarcoplasmic reticulum and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger both contribute to the Ca2+ transient of failing human ventricular myocytes. (2/847)

Our objective was to determine the respective roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in the small, slowly decaying Ca2+ transients of failing human ventricular myocytes. Left ventricular myocytes were isolated from explanted hearts of patients with severe heart failure (n=18). Cytosolic Ca2+, contraction, and action potentials were measured by using indo-1, edge detection, and patch pipettes, respectively. Selective inhibitors of SR Ca2+ transport (thapsigargin) and reverse-mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity (No. 7943, Kanebo Ltd) were used to define the respective contribution of these processes to the Ca2+ transient. Ca2+ transients and contractions induced by action potentials (AP transients) at 0.5 Hz exhibited phasic and tonic components. The duration of the tonic component was determined by the action potential duration. Ca2+ transients induced by caffeine (Caf transients) exhibited only a phasic component with a rapid rate of decay that was dependent on extracellular Na+. The SR Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin abolished the phasic component of the AP Ca2+ transient and of the Caf transient but had no significant effect on the tonic component of the AP transient. The Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitor No. 7943 eliminated the tonic component of the AP transient and reduced the magnitude of the phasic component. In failing human myocytes, Ca2+ transients and contractions exhibit an SR-related, phasic component and a slow, reverse-mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange-related tonic component. These findings suggest that Ca2+ influx via reverse-mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange during the action potential may contribute to the slow decay of the Ca2+ transient in failing human myocytes.  (+info)

Peripheral muscle ergoreceptors and ventilatory response during exercise recovery in heart failure. (3/847)

Recent studies have suggested that the increased ventilatory response during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure was related to the activation of muscle metaboreceptors. To address this issue, 23 patients with heart failure and 7 normal subjects performed arm and leg bicycle exercises with and without cuff inflation around the arms or the thighs during recovery. Obstruction slightly reduced ventilation and gas exchange variables at recovery but did not change the kinetics of recovery of these parameters compared with nonobstructed recovery: half-time of ventilation recovery was 175 +/- 54 to 176 +/- 40 s in patients and 155 +/- 66 to 127 +/- 13 s in controls (P < 0.05, patients vs. controls, not significant within each group from baseline to obstructed recovery). We conclude that muscle metaboreceptor activation does not seem to play a role in the exertion hyperventilation of patients with heart failure.  (+info)

High and low pulmonary vascular resistance in heart transplant candidates. A 5-year follow-up after heart transplantation shows continuous reduction in resistance and no difference in complication rate. (4/847)

BACKGROUND: In heart transplantation candidates, high pulmonary vascular resistance has been found to decrease promptly after heart transplantation without any further reduction during follow-up. Pulmonary hypertension has been described as associated with an increased peri- and postoperative complication rate and mortality. This study describes the evolution of pulmonary vascular resistance and the outcome for patients during 5 years following heart transplantation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Haemodynamic data, complication rate and mortality have been analysed during 5-year follow-up in all patients (n = 80) who were heart transplanted at Sahlgrenska University Hospital from 1988 through 1990. We found a significant and continuous reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance both in patients with a pre-operative high (> 3 Wood Units; n = 36), but reversible on nitroprusside, and pre-operative low (< or = 3 Wood Units; n = 44) pulmonary vascular resistance. A multivariate analysis showed that a pre-operative high mean pulmonary artery and low mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure predicted the decline in pulmonary vascular resistance during 5 years after heart transplantation. The need for a postoperative assist device, complication rate, and early and late mortality were independent of the pre-operative level of pulmonary vascular resistance. CONCLUSIONS: A continuous reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance during 5 years following heart transplantation was found in patients with both high, but reversible, and low pre-operative resistance levels. The outcome and survival were independent of the pre-operative pulmonary vascular resistance level.  (+info)

Clinical practice guidelines for heart failure. (5/847)

Development of guidelines can be a difficult process; each organization or institution must establish the rules and criteria for including specific therapies and the level of complexity needed. Specific outcomes must be incorporated, including maintenance of comfort and functionality, freedom from hospitalization, and survival. In existing guidelines for the management of heart failure, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy is clearly the gold standard. However, there is still a high mortality with ACE inhibitor therapy; the key may be choosing the right patients. Current guidelines reflect the uncertainty regarding digoxin before the Digitalis Investigation Group (DIG) trial; obviously, these guidelines should be revisited. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of heart failure need to be revised to include a better consensus on beta-blockade, the new data on digoxin, emerging data on angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and current thinking on anticoagulant therapy.  (+info)

Cost of heart failure to the healthcare system. (6/847)

From an economic, mortality, and functional standpoint, heart failure is clearly a disease that needs to be targeted. We can develop a model for heart failure to determine the impact that specific management strategies will have on the overall cost to the system, which by itself can tell us some interesting things because we're currently spending twice as much on transplantation as on digoxin therapy. We can then use this model to assess the impact of different strategies, such as greater use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or digoxin therapy.  (+info)

Heart failure and disease management. (7/847)

Disease management is a comprehensive program that identifies a population of patients at risk, provides a coherent framework of coordinated care for these patients, and demonstrates improved outcomes. In applying disease management strategies to heart failure, there is clearly the technology to improve outcomes. The two main issues involved are influencing physician practice patterns and improving patient compliance. A successful disease management program in heart failure should include patient identification patient assessment, patient education and training, patient monitoring, and triage and acute intervention. With the advances in treatment of heart failure, we have the means to keep patients out of the hospital, maintain their functionality, and decrease mortality. The real issue, which is where disease management can help, is how to apply technology in an effective way to turn potential gains into real gains. The key is not to develop more technology, but to implement effectively the technology that exists.  (+info)

Localization and quantitation of cardiac annexins II, V, and VI in hypertensive guinea pigs. (8/847)

Annexins are characterized by Ca2+-dependent binding to phospholipids. Annexin II mainly participates in cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction, whereas annexins V and VI also seem to regulate intracellular calcium cycling. Their abundance and localization were determined in left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) from hypertensive guinea pigs, during the transition from compensatory hypertrophy to heart failure. Immunoblot analysis of annexins II, V, and VI revealed an increased accumulation (2.6-, 1.45-, and 2.3-fold, respectively) in LV from hypertensive guinea pigs and no modification in RV. Immunofluorescent labeling of annexins II, V, and VI; of Na+-K+-ATPase; and of sarcomeric alpha-actinin showed that in control LV and RV, 1) annexin II is present in nonmuscle cells; 2) annexins V and VI are mainly observed in the sarcolemma and intercalated disks of myocytes; 3) annexins II, V, and VI strongly label endothelial cells and adventitia of coronary arteries; and 4) annexin VI is present in the media. At the onset of heart failure, the most striking changes are the increased protein accumulation in LV and the very strong labeling of annexins II, V, and VI in interstitial tissue, suggesting a role in fibrosis development and cardiac remodeling.  (+info)

This trial was designed as a randomized, double-blind, 2-arm, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study within thirteen participating cardiac surgical centers. Eligible patients included those with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (40% or lower), undergoing CABG surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass alone or combined with valve surgery. Patients were assigned in 1:1 fashion to either levosimendan or placebo. Primary end point included a composite of 3 elements reflecting low cardiac output syndrome. These included catecholamine infusion persisting beyond 48 hours after infusion of levosimendan, need for left ventricular assist device in the post-operative period, or the need for renal replacement therapy during the intensive care unit stay. Secondary end-points included in-hospital mortality, number of days with mechanical assist device, and number of days with renal replacement therapy among others (other secondary endpoints included in text). Total of 336 patients were randomized ...
Jean-Paul Mira shares his thoughts on the LICORN trial which sought to answer the question: Does a prophylactic levosimendan infusion reduce the incidence of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome in patients with impaired left ventricular function who are undergoing isolated or combined coronary artery bypass grafting surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass?. Results from this trial were presented at LIVES 2017 in Vienna and have been published in JAMA.. Find the article in JAMA HERE.. ...
This report provides top line data relating to the clinical trials on Low Cardiac Output Syndrome. Report includes an overview of trial numbers and their average enrollment in top countries conducted across the globe...
The Report Low Cardiac Output Syndrome Global Clinical Trials Review, H2, 2016 provides information on pricing, market analysis, shares, forecast, and...
Neonates and infants that have cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for congenital heart disease are at great risk for experiencing life-threatening low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) in the first 24 hours after surgery. The poor perfusion and inadequate oxygen delivery that occurs may result in multiple organ failure and death. It is LCOS that is responsible for the majority of early postoperative deaths in this population of neonates and infants. Improved pediatric probes placed in peripheral locations using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may permit continuous monitoring of venous saturations reflecting overall perfusion and oxygen balance in the tissues. Following parental or guardian consent, 30 neonates and infants scheduled to undergo surgery for congenital heart disease will be enrolled. At the end of surgery, four EQUANOX Advance 8004CB probes will be placed on the flank, lower extremities and the forehead. Continuous NIRS saturations will be monitored and stored for ...
Acute heart failure represents an increasingly common cause of hospitalization, and may require the use of inotropic drugs in patients with low cardiac output and evidence of organ hypoperfusion. However, currently available therapies may have delete
Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOs) is a serious complication in critically ill patients or those undergoing major surgery, resulting in multiple organ damage with significant in-hospital and long-term morbidity and mortality, as well as prolonged hospital stay. In this setting the mortality rate is distressingly high despite improvements in intensive care treatment, but survivors have an acceptable quality of life ...
Mean age at operation were 67.8 ± 9.6 years (group 1) and 63.9 years ± 9.5 (group 2), respectively. There were no significant differences in preoperative risk factors, including smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, stroke, left ventricular dysfunction, and chronic renal failure between the 2 groups. Mean number of distal anastomosis was 2.93 ± 1.0 in group 1 and 3.09 ± 0.97 in group 2 (p=0.133). Operative mortality was 1.1% (1/91) in group 1 and 1.3% (26/1991) in group 2, respectively (p=1.000). There were no significant differences in postoperative morbidities, including mediastinitis, re-exploration for bleeding, perioperative myocardial infarction, low cardiac output syndrome, atrial fibrillation, and stroke between the 2 groups. ...
The 8S58021I is a high speed 1-to-4 Differential-to-LVPECL/ECL Fanout Buffer. The 8S58021I is optimized for high speed and very low output skew, making it suitable for use in demanding applications such as SONET, 1 Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, and Fibre Channel. The internally terminated differential input and VREF_AC pin allow other differential signal families such as LVDS, LVPECL and CML to be easily interfaced to the input with minimal use of external components. The 8S58021I is packaged in a small 3mm x 3mm 16-pin VFQFN package which makes it ideal for use in space-constrained applications.. ...
The new drop-ins that you have scheduled for December look very promising. Q5 WG binned Crees for the M60 Output will be 220+ lumens for approx 2 hrs Low output version of 130 lumens for 6 hrs on 2 primary CR123s Best of Luck Gene in your NEW full time job. You make a great product!
TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of Adjustable Passive Constraint on the Failing Left Ventricle. T2 - A Finite-Element Model Study. AU - Jhun, Choon-Sik. AU - Wenk, Jonathan F.. AU - Zhang, Zhihong. AU - Wall, Samuel T.. AU - Sun, Kay. AU - Sabbah, Hani N.. AU - Ratcliffe, Mark B.. AU - Guccione, Julius M.. PY - 2010/1/1. Y1 - 2010/1/1. N2 - Background: Passive constraint is used to prevent left ventricular dilation and subsequent remodeling. However, there has been concern about the effect of passive constraint on diastolic left ventricular chamber stiffness and pump function. This study determined the relationship between constraint, diastolic wall stress, chamber stiffness, and pump function. We tested the hypothesis that passive constraint at 3 mm Hg reduces wall stress with minimal change in pump function. Methods: A three-dimensional finite-element model of the globally dilated left ventricle based on left ventricular dimensions obtained in dogs that had undergone serial intracoronary microsphere ...
Neonates and infants that have cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for congenital heart disease are at great risk for experiencing life-threatening low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) in the first 24 hours after surgery. The poor perfusion and inadequate oxygen delivery that occurs may result in multiple organ failure and death. It is LCOS that is responsible for the majority of early postoperative deaths in this population of neonates and infants. Improved pediatric probes placed in peripheral locations using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may permit continuous monitoring of venous saturations reflecting overall perfusion and oxygen balance in the tissues. Following parental or guardian consent, 30 neonates and infants scheduled to undergo surgery for congenital heart disease will be enrolled. At the end of surgery, four EQUANOX Advance 8004CB probes will be placed on the flank, lower extremities and the forehead. Continuous NIRS saturations will be monitored and stored for ...
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of infant mortality. Many infants with CHD require corrective surgery with most operations requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). CPB triggers a systemic inflammatory response which is associated with low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS), postoperative morbidity and mortality. Delivery of nitric oxide (NO) into CPB circuits can provide myocardial protection and reduce bypass-induced inflammation, leading to less LCOS and improved recovery. ...
icTV) Commentary on the LICORN Randomised Clinical Trial Jean-Paul Mira shares his thoughts on the LICORN trial which sought to answer the question: Does a prophylactic levosimendan infusion reduce the incidence of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome in patients with impaired left ventricular function who are undergoing isolated or combined coronary artery bypass grafting surgery under […]. Read More…. ...
For this pump to work well it needs a good supply of fuel and oxygen and this is achieved through good blood supply. However, there is a second aspect which is largely ignored by cardiologists and other doctors. The heart needs to be able to convert this fuel and oxygen supply into a usable form of energy for the muscle cells to work. This is achieved by mitochondria. They take fuel and oxygen from the blood and through a complex series of biochemical reactions, including Krebs citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, they generate ATP, the currency of energy in the body. Each heart cell will hold between 2,000 - 3,000 mitochondria. The reason it needs so many is that the heart never gets a rest - it has to work 24/7! An interesting observation here is that the heart is rich in oxygen and mitochondria - when the latter gets switched off, this is a major risk factor for cancer. One never sees cases of primary cancer of the heart! The heart is only responsible for 60% of blood pressure - ...
Patients in arm 1 will have their blood pressure raised in order to improve cerebral blood flow (CBF). In case of a low cardiac output, inotropics will be added. Induced hypertension will be continued for at least 48 hours when patients show some improvement within the first 24 hours. After 48 hours, the dose of vasopressor will be tapered daily, and resumed in case of clinical deterioration. In patients who do not show any improvement within 24 hours, induced hypertension will not be continued. In patients in arm 2 of the trial, hypertension will not be induced. Patients in both arms of the trial will be treated with oral nimodipine and normovolaemia without haemodilution. In some selected centres, an extra perfusion CT scan is performed 24-36 hours after instalment of the treatment. Measurement of CBF is performed in all participants with perfusion CT-scanning of the brain at the beginning of the study (as part of regular patient care), and after 24-36 hours ...
Former Vice President Dick Cheney suffered a mild heart attack, but was feeling good and was expected to leave the hospital this week, his office said in a statement on Tuesday.
​The actors wife told CNN he never fully recovered from a horrible car accident two and a half years ago in which he was injured very badly.​
Veteran actor Sumita Sanyal, who essayed supporting characters in Anand and Satyajit Rays Nayak, died today at her south Kolkata residence.
I am testing an GWT based app. But my test are failing left and right when the application response is slow but the selenium execution speed is fast. I have written a webdriver wait method to handle an element which loads after an Ajax call but that doe...
Malocclusion is the technical name for a bad bite and refers to problems with talking, chewing, biting and swallowing food. It can also affect your facial appearance. Your bite is the name given to the action of opening and closing your jaws. Your jaws are connected via a small joint which acts in a similar manner to a hinge and enables them to work in a smooth, co-ordinated manner. But problems can occur with your jaw, such as temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ) which can be both painful and distressing. Treatment for this can include the fitting of a corrective brace. Problems with your bite can also include an underbite or an overbite: an underbite occurs when your lower jaw and teeth protrude forward which means that they close in front of your upper teeth. An overbite is where the opposite happens: when you close your jaws you notice that your upper teeth protrude in front of your lower teeth. What causes malocclusion? There are a variety of factors which cause this which ...
Four patients in c-CABG group died of low cardiac output syndrome and CVA. There was no operative mortalities in OPCAB group (p = .023). Bleeding requiring reopening (5:1, p = .05) and CVA (3:0, p = .05) occurred more frequently in c-CABG group than OPCAB group. The completeness of follow-up was 83.8%.. Late deaths occurred in 26 patients (11 [18.0%] in c-CABG group, 15 [16.9%] in OPCAB group). The causes of death were cancer, CVA, cardiac and sepsis.. Rerevascularization was performed more frequently in OPCAB group than in c-CABG group (14:5, p = .297). Five-year overall survival, freedom from cardiac death and MACE in c-CABG and OPCAB groups were 90.2 vs 96.6 %, 98.4 vs 100 %, and 91.8 vs 85.4 %, respectively. Ten-year survival estimates were 82.0 vs 83.1 %, 96.7 vs 96.6 %, and 88.5 vs 83.1 %, respectively. There were no statistical significance between 2 groups survival (p = .743 in overall survival, P = .813 in free from cardiac death, and p = .305 in free from MACE). Age was an independent ...
The present clinical series from a single institution illustrates the evolution of management strategies over the past two decades for the challenging condition of PAIVS. In patients with a diminutive RV and RV dependent coronary circulation, the management is palliative systemic-pulmonary arterial shunt insertion and subsequent univentricular repair. In those with anatomically suitable RVs, laser assisted valvotomy with balloon valvoplasty has become the procedure of choice in our institution. However, regardless of the initial procedure, multiple interventions are often required in the subsequent treatment algorithm, especially for patients after CPV and laser assisted pulmonary valvotomy with balloon dilatation. Nonetheless, the risk of developing low cardiac output syndrome is significantly less after catheter intervention than after either RVOTR or CPV. Although survival of patients after RVOTR appeared worse than survival after CPV or primary catheter intervention, the difference was not ...
Measurements and results: Subjects were observed for 24 hours; during surgery, 6 and 24 hours after aortic clamp removed. During July 2012 - December 2013, there were 52 patients who became subjects. There were proportion differences between cardiac lactate and cardiac output change after cardiac surgery. Increase of cardiac lactate has a correlation with increasing levels of sTNFR-1 and IL-6 and decreasing index of Tc, ScvO2 and cardiac output. There were correlations among low index of ScvO2, high index of cardiac lactate and decrease of cardiac output. High sTNFR-1 and IL-6 were correlated to low cardiac output. Cardiac lactate, ScvO2 and MAP can be used as predictors of cardiac output change in patients with cardio-pulmonary bypass. sTNFR-1 and IL-6 levels were correlated with cardiac output changes after cardiac surgery ...
The miniaturization of the current technology of storage media is hindered by fundamental limits of quantum mechanics. A new approach consists in using so-called spin-crossover molecules as the smallest possible storage unit. Similar to normal hard drives, these special molecules can save information via their magnetic state. A research team from Kiel University has now managed to successfully place a new class of spin-crossover molecules onto a surface and to improve the molecules storage capacity. The storage density of conventional hard drives could therefore theoretically be increased by more than one hundred fold. The study has been published in the scientific journal Nano Letters. ...
Studies are showing that loneliness is a risk factor for a number of health issues. Problems like disturbed sleep and low cardiac output, which can lead to an imbalance between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption leading to metabolic acidosis (when the body produces excessive quantities of acid), are being linked to prolonged feelings of loneliness.. The studies have found that social isolation makes people vulnerable to disease and can shorten life. When looking at the findings of many similar studies, the results suggest that loneliness is as risky to health as obesity.. An interesting fact has emerged from the studies too that show that some people may have a hereditary disposition for feelings of loneliness. In twin studies it was found that though loneliness may change across a lifespan according to environmental factors, there did appear to be evidence of genetic contribution.. It is worth noting too that these studies were conducted across various age ranges, from young adults to the ...
Mild heart attack symptoms can be treated through proper medication, which has been recommended or prescribed by your physician. Prevention is critical.
According to the article, he passed away at Cedars-Sinai Hospital after a five-year battle with heart disease, with his father Dave Hallett by his side.A private funeral service is planned at his home in Cape Cod.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - New strategy for chronic heart failure. AU - Togane, Yuko. AU - Fukuda, Keiichi. PY - 2004/6/1. Y1 - 2004/6/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=3042712173&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=3042712173&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Review article. AN - SCOPUS:3042712173. VL - 52. SP - 633. EP - 637. JO - Respiration and Circulation. JF - Respiration and Circulation. SN - 0452-3458. IS - 6. ER - ...
What better way to say goodbye to the year 2010 than to count down the 10 biggest stories of the year in professional wrestling? This 10-part series is designed to do exactly ...
This is Digital Version of (Ebook) 978-1461469186 Surgical Treatment for Advanced Heart Failure Product Will Be Delivered Via Email Or Cloud Drive Wit
With minimalistic circuit design best sound quality is achieved without any compromise. Only one transistor is responsible for amplification of the low MC signals. Overallfeedback, differential amplification and push-pull circuits are not used. Adjustment of the MC imput impedance to the pick-up is superfluous due to the use of a current control circuit. Tubes are only installed where they are able to develop their whole range of advantages: for prevention of natural harmonic spectrum, fusion of neutrality and liveliness as well as the exceptional dynamics. One output transistor guarantees low output impedance to drive long cables without losses ...
Rotea performance and applications data highlight high T-cell and PBMC recovery and viability, with high cell concentrations in low output volumes.
Fruit Plus Menthol Mr Salt-E E-Juice 30mL is a unique yet satisfying blend of fruit and menthol that is crafted using a salt-based nicotine for use in low output pod
The Dimplex 400W low wattage panel heater is an ideal background heating solution for rooms where there is the need to keep a chill off, such as hallways or small bedrooms. Slimline and simple to use, this low output freestanding panel heater has a 24 hour timer with single heat setting operated by a side switch and comes complete with fitted plug. Comes with a 3 year guarantee.. This product is only suitable for well insulated spaces or occasional use. ...
Buy Steiner OTAL-A Offset Green Aiming Laser (Black) features 532nm Green Aiming Laser, High and Low Output Modes. Review Steiner Laser Sights, Scopes, Reflex & Laser Sights
Verifact® B-6 microphone is an omni-directional, low output impedance, electret condenser microphone with built-in preamplifier.
(PRWEB) June 9, 2005 -- The first 10 Heart Failure patients all over the world who received Embryonic-Fetal Human Stem Cells directly into their hearts were
Learn more about Diagnosis of Heart Failure at Grand Strand Medical Center Main Page Risk Factors Symptoms ...
Learn more about Talking to Your Doctor About Heart Failure at Grand Strand Medical Center Main Page Risk Factors ...
Study Flashcards On Medical 6-MS38-Heart failure at Cram.com. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. Cram.com makes it easy to get the grade you want!
A 17-year-old girl suffered from heart failure due to an infection that she may have picked up when she had her ears pierced a year earlier.
failing - MedHelps failing Center for Information, Symptoms, Resources, Treatments and Tools for failing. Find failing information, treatments for failing and failing symptoms.
This weeks View focuses on several recent papers having to do with cardiac surgery, specifically a 5-year trial comparing off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement in patients with failed mitral bioprosthetic valves and annuloplasty rings, and a study on the use of levosimendan in patients undergoing CABG to prevent low cardiac output syndromes.
Hospitalizations for acute heart failure are associated with high mortality and readmission rates. Ten to 20% of the patients have signs of low cardiac output and fluid overload. The administration of inotropic agents to correct these hemodynamic abnormalities may be indicated in these patients. However, the risk to benefit ratio of inotropic agents is high and an increase of untoward effects and mortality has been suggested by many retrospective analyses and meta-analyses. Limitations of inotropic therapy seem mainly related to their mechanisms of action based, in the case of the traditional agents, on an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP and calcium concentrations. Concomitant peripheral vasodilation, such as in the case of the novel agent levosimendan is another important limitation, above when patients are hypotensive and/or treated with vasodilators and high doses of diuretics. Myosin activators, histaroxime, sarcoplasmic reticulum ATPase activators and metabolic agents seem promising as active
I had pigs with heart issues before, which were caught too late, due to the fact that vets in Belgium are usually not well educated about piggies at all. Despite that I had my suspicions about each and every pig, had the pigs heart examined, the vets didnt bother and the pigs died from the consequences, meaning one pig developed pneumonia, one from dental issues, one suddenly developed bladder grit at an older age and didnt recover after anesthesia for rinsing her bladder, one had an averse reaction to pain meds and caused heart failure. Plus, until 2011, no heart meds were prescribed for pigs in Belgium ...
FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- Flu and pneumonia vaccines lead to fewer hospital deaths among heart failure patients, a new study finds.. Our study provides further impetus for annual immunizations in patients with heart failure. Despite advice to do so, uptake remains low, said study author Dr. Karthik Gonuguntla, of the University of Connecticut.. In heart failure, your heart cant pump blood as well as it should. This leads to fluid buildup in the lungs that causes shortness of breath, coughing and reduced quality of life. Respiratory infections like pneumonia and the flu make heart failure worse, so annual vaccinations are recommended for patients. However, few studies have compared outcomes among heart failure patients who have and havent received these vaccinations.. In this study, the researchers looked at nearly 3 million heart failure patients, average age 70, in the United States who were hospitalized between 2010 and 2014. Only 1.4% of the patients had received the flu ...
Next to a dime for perspective, this small wire device is designed to hold open a surgically created hole in the heart of diastolic heart failure patients.
Get all the latest news and updates on Heart Failure only on News18.com. Read all news including political news, current affairs and news headlines online on Heart Failure today.
Acute Kidney Injury, Adult, Association, Bleeding, Blood, Cardiac Output, Cardiac Surgery, Confidence Interval, Hematocrit, Hemodilution, Hospital, Injury, Kidney, Low Cardiac Output, Mechanical Ventilation, Methods, Morbidity, Mortality, Odds Ratio, Patient
Heart failure or congestive heart failure (CHF) is known as the structural or functional disorder of the heart that impairs its ability to pump a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body. Due to inefficient pumping ability, fluid starts to buildup in the legs, ankles and feet (edema). Coronary artery disease, high blood pressure and diabetes are the primary causes that lead to congestive heart failure. About 5 million people in the United States alone suffer from this condition and each year approximately 300000 people die due to heart failure.. Heart failure increases the pressure in the heart because blood moves through the heart and the body at a slower rate. Thus the heart loses its ability to pump oxygenated blood and nutrients to other parts of the body. During heart failure, the heart does not cease completely but loses the efficiency to pump blood all around the body. Heart failure leads to reduction in muscle contraction and the ability of the heart chambers to fill up with blood ...
Most of you probably understood the first scenario easily. This patient has a low cardiac output despite a normal blood pressure. This is a completely normal finding in cardiogenic shock, which is a pump failure-a lack of forward flow-rather than a hypotensive state.. Arterial blood pressure is primarily maintained by vasomotor tone, which is why most of the shock we see is distributive (i.e. vasodilatory) in nature. In Guytonian physiology, the vascular pressure in the absence of any flow-the mean systemic filling pressure-is not zero, but it is very low (,20 mmHg). Low flow can eventually be a primary cause of arterial hypotension, but only in end stages; most cardiogenic shock is normotensive, or even hypertensive. As always, the wild card is vascular resistance, which can vary in either a compensatory or decompensated manner.. To make a long story short, flow and pressure are largely independent in cardiogenic shock, which means that we can no longer use blood pressure as a surrogate for ...
This week, we are dedicating our post to heart failure, in honor heart failure awareness week. Heart failure is a condition affecting over 5 million people in the US. Despite its name, heart failure doesnt mean your heart has stopped beating. Heart failure is a condition where the heart isnt pumping enough blood to sustain your bodys oxygen and blood needs. Consuming too much sodium may cause your heart to work harder and worsen a heart failure condition. Whether you have heart failure and are trying to manage it or are just trying to follow a healthy lifestyle, here are some tips for following a low sodium diet, tried and tested by the experts on our team. ...
Israeli companies are developing monitoring devices aimed at improving quality of life and avoiding hospital readmissions for CHF patients.
We are really sorry that you had such a traumatic event occur during your treatment for angina in the emergency room. Our article is about heart failure, specifically at the end of life. We conclude that At the end of life, morphine is the most important medicine for providing comfort to heart patients. It reduces the breathless feeling that can be so frightening to people at the end of life. Pathways stands by this information which is a standard in hospice care for dying patients.. ReplyDelete ...
This quality standard covers assessing, diagnosing and managing chronic heart failure in adults (aged 18 and over). It describes high-quality care in priority
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cognitive Functioning and Chronic Heart Failure:A Review of the Literature (2002-July 2007). AU - Pressler, Susan J.. PY - 2008/1/1. Y1 - 2008/1/1. N2 - The purposes of this article are to (1) summarize the state of the science about cognitive impairment and heart failure (HF) using the results of a literature search of publications from 2002 through July 2007; (2) provide a focused review of the studies that used a prospective, longitudinal design with measurement at 2 or more time points in order to identify change in cognitive functioning; and (3) identify gaps and priorities for future studies. A computer search of the literature from 2002 through July 2007 was conducted. All of the resulting 97 references were reviewed, categorized into 8 groups, and evaluated. The 97 studies were categorized as follows: those not directly related to cognitive impairment (n = 15); comments, letters to the editor, and brief summaries (n = 11); reviews (n = 15); data-based publications using ...
Heart failure (HF), also referred to as congestive heart failure, occurs when heart loses the ability to provide sufficient pump action to maintain blood flow. Most of the signs of a heart failure occur as a result of the congestion that develops
A study in nearly 15 000 heart failure patients has found that up to 80% may not be receiving treatment at doses proven to reduce hospitalisations and improve survival. The research presented at ESC Congress 2016 today highlights the need for doctors to ensure patients are treated appropriately so that the high levels of serious illnesses and death associated with heart failure can be reduced.
Question - What is the life expectancy of stage three heart failure patients ?. Ask a Doctor about diagnosis, treatment and medication for Heart failure, Ask a Cardiologist
As I see it, the best use for a JFET buffer is on the input of a pedal, not the output. It can give you an input impedance of more than 1M Ohm, which is great, and it can give you some nice soft clipping. Putting it on the output is less useful, because youre not going to get the really low output impedance youd like, and youre probably not going to get the benefit of the nice clipping sound, so easily. Using it with a fairly high value output pot is just pointless - youre back to high output impedance, when you turn the volume down, so you start to lose bass again ...
RT8062 2A, 2MHz, Synchronous Step-Down Converter General Description Features The RT8062 is a high efficiency synchronous, step-down DC/DC converter. Its input voltage range is from 2.7V to 5.5V and provides an adjustable regulated output voltage from 0.8V to 5V while delivering up to 2A of output current. z High Efficiency : Up to 95% z Adjustable Frequency : 200kHz to 2MHz No Schottky Diode Required 0.8V Reference Allows Low Output Voltage Low Dropout Operation : 100% Duty Cycle Enable Function Internal Soft-Start RoHS Compliant and Halogen Free The internal synchronous low on resistance power switches increase efficiency and eliminate the need for an external Schottky diode. The default switching frequency is set at 2MHz, if the RT pin is left open. It can also be varied from 200kHz to 2MHz by adding an external resistor. Current mode operation with external compensation allows the transient response to be optimized over a wide range of loads and output capacitors. z z z z z z Applications z ...
This paper has two parts. In the first part, I demonstrate that, in the absence of price and wage bounds, monetary models do not have current equilibria - and so lack predictive content - for a wide range of possible policy rules and/or beliefs about future equilibrium outcomes. This non-existence problem disappears in models in which firms face (arbitrarily loose) finite upper bounds on prices or positive lower bonds on nominal wages. In the second part, I study the properties of a class of dynamic monetary models with these kinds of bounds on prices/wages. Among other results, I show that these models imply that the Phillips curve is L-shaped, are consistent with the existence of permanently inefficiently low output (secular stagnation), and do not imply that forward guidance is surprisingly effective. I show too that economies with lower nominal wage floors have even worse equilibrium outcomes in welfare terms. It follows that models with arbitrarily low but positive nominal wage floors are ...
FN 303 Launcher, G.L.O.V.E. Generated Low Output Voltage Emitter, Mission MLR / MLR-FA, Single-Shot Less-Lethal Launcher, TCP Pistol , Axon Signal Magazine, Ace Launcher, Take Down Line, Crossfire Gel, X2 and X26P, FN 303 Launcher, VKS Less-Lethal System, 40mm Tactical 4-Shot Launcher, M-09 Less-Lethal Pistol
Heart failure is a condition that is caused by the heart failing to pump enough blood around the body at the right pressure. Common symptoms of heart failure include breathlessness, fatigue and ankle swelling. The risk of developing heart failure can be reduced by maintaining a healthy lifestyle such as taking regular exercise, eating well and by not smoking.. The figure shows that the QOF prevalence of heart failure for most GP surgeries in NHS Horsham and Mid Sussex CCG is smaller than the modelled prevalence.. ...
Up to 80% of heart failure patients may not be receiving treatment at doses proven to reduce hospitalizations and improve survival.
Transitional Care of Heart Failure Patients: free Medicine sample to help you write excellent academic papers for high school, college, and university. Check out our professional examples to inspire at EssaysProfessors.com
The Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) is calling for global policy change relating to heart failure. An international white paper, Heart failure: preventing disease and death worldwide, ...
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome, learn about Heart Failure Diagnosis and Investigation on our Heart Failure Diagnosis and Investigation page
Learn more about Symptoms of Heart Failure at Doctors Hospital of Augusta Main Page Risk Factors Symptoms ...
Learn more about Diagnosis of Heart Failure at Doctors Hospital of Augusta Main Page Risk Factors Symptoms ...
Learn more about Screening for Heart Failure at Portsmouth Regional Hospital Main Page Risk Factors ...
Learn more about Treatments for Heart Failure at Portsmouth Regional Hospital Main Page Risk Factors ...
At MaineHealth, patients with heart failure, including congestive heart failure, get comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of their heart conditions.
Heart failure means the heart has a reduced ability to pump blood around the body. Congestive heart failure refers to the symptoms that occur in heart failure from excess fluid accumulation.
Although the term heart failure sounds frightening, this condition is usually treatable. Heart failure does not mean that the heart has stopped working.
Although the term heart failure sounds frightening, this condition is usually treatable. Heart failure does not mean that the heart has stopped working.
Although the term heart failure sounds frightening, this condition is usually treatable. Heart failure does not mean that the heart has stopped working.
FDA approved the fixed-dose combination heart failure drug sacubitril/valsartan to reduce risk of CV death and hospitalization in patients with chronic heart failure.
Several scores based on symptoms and signs have been developed to assess the presence of heart failure. The goal of this study was to compare six heart failure scores in non-hospitalised subjects and to determine their usefulness in population based research. The scores were applied to 54 participants of a population based study. All underwent...
Treatment for the symptoms of heart failure varies depending on the stage of heart failure. Stage A heart failure is generally treated using lifestyle modifications and medications, while Stage B...
Along with the above, the most surprised patients are those who survive a heart attack and go home on five new medicines. These many medicines do not mean that you are very ill, but rather that physicians know from experimental studies that each of these five medicines will reduce your chance of a second heart attack (and remember that the single greatest risk for having a heart attack is already having had one). The medicines are: a platelet blocker (aspirin, Plavix, or Coumadin), a beta-blocker, a statin to lower your cholesterol and stabilize any atheromatous plaques in your coronary arteries, an ACE inhibitor or an ARB, and, if you are in any heart failure at all, spironalactone. Again, these are all to reduce your chance of having a second heart attack, and should be taken exactly as prescribed. ...
Heart failure occurs when the heart cant pump enough blood to meet the bodys needs. It can follow a heart attack or develop gradually over many years. Learn more about heart failure from our experts.
Sometimes a story hits your right in the heart. Matt Foggs experience with battling chronic heart failure to eventually overcoming it is one of those.
Heart failure is a condition in which the heart doesn’t pump blood as it should. Find out more on heart failure causes, symptoms, and treatment.
Read more about Exercising for 30 minutes lowers risk of heart failures on Business Standard. Heart failure is a chronic, progressive condition in which the heart muscle is unable to pump enough blood through to meet the bodys needs for blood and oxygen.Though there is no cure for this condition, one can choose to lead a healthy lifestyle
How to Recognize Symptoms of Heart Failure Exacerbation. Heart failure is a condition in which the pumping mechanism of the heart is weakened, and it is unable to circulate blood at a normal pace. As a result, fluid backs up into different...
Your doctor will likely prescribe medications for heart failure and any underlying health problems you have. Most people with heart failure take one or more types of medication. Your healthcare provider will work to find the combination of medications that works best for you.
To evaluate your condition, your doctor will examine you, ask questions, and run tests. Along with looking for signs of heart failure, the doctor looks for any other health problems that may have led to heart failure.
... measures changes in electrical impedance across the thoracic region over the cardiac cycle. Lower impedance indicates greater ... Cardiac input (CI) is the inverse operation of cardiac output. As cardiac output implies the volumetric expression of ejection ... In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols Q {\displaystyle Q} , Q ... Values for cardiac output are usually denoted as L/min. For a healthy individual weighing 70 kg, the cardiac output at rest ...
Increased cardiac output and low systemic vascular resistance are characteristic of ALF. Pulmonary artery catheterization ... There is a compensatory increase in cardiac output. Adrenal insufficiency has been documented in 60% of ALF cases, and is ... The advent of transplantation has changed survival from as low as 15% in the pretransplant era to more than 60% today. Liver ... There must be a low threshold for obtaining frequent cultures (blood, urine, and sputum), chest radiographs, and paracentesis. ...
Richards, D. G.; Whitfield, A. G.; Arnott, W. M.; Waterhouse, J. A. (1951). "The Lung Volume in Low Output Cardiac Syndromes". ...
... decrease cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke work, and volume; lower resistance in blood vessels in the kidneys; and lead to ... They work by causing relaxation of blood vessels as well as a decrease in blood volume, which leads to lower blood pressure and ... This leads to cardiac dysfunction and neuromuscular consequences, such as muscle weakness, paresthesia, nausea, diarrhea, and ... Yang Y, Ohta K, Shimizu M, Nakai A, Kasahara Y, Yachie A, Koizumi S (Jul 2005). "Treatment with low-dose angiotensin-converting ...
Cardiac output increases through an increase in heart rate. The body's response to high altitude includes the following: ↑ ... Descent to lower altitudes alleviates the symptoms of HAPE. HACE is a life-threatening condition that can lead to coma or death ... with constant or increased cardiac output, also leads to increases in capillary pressures. For those with HACE, dexamethasone ... Descent to lower altitudes may save those affected by HACE. Altitude sickness can first occur at 1,500 metres (4,900 ft), with ...
Junctional rhythms (if a bradycardia) can cause decreased cardiac output. Therefore, the person may exhibit signs and symptoms ... similar to other bradycardia such as lightheadedness, dizziness, low blood pressure, and fainting. This rhythm can usually be ... Ectopic beat Junctional rhythm Abedin, Zainul; Conner, Robert (2012). Interpretation of Cardiac Arrhythmias: Self-Assessment ...
Ultimately cardiac output can be reduced to very low levels. It may occur in situations with an increased blood volume, morbid ... High-output heart failure is a heart condition that occurs when the cardiac output is higher than normal due to increased ... High Output Cardiac Failure. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2001 Apr;3(2):151-159. PMID 11242561 Causes of High-Output ...
Low cardiac output - Fatigue, weakness, dyspnea on exertion, lethargy, and lightheadedness. Hemodynamic - Pulsation in the neck ... of cardiac output, which normally provides only 15% - 25% of cardiac output. Atrial contraction against a closed tricuspid ... That's due to increase in left atrial pressure and left ventricular filling pressure, which is due to decreased cardiac output ... In general, the symptoms of the syndrome are a combination of decreased cardiac output, loss of atrial contribution to ...
"Caveolae protect endothelial cells from membrane rupture during increased cardiac output". Journal of Cell Biology. 211 (1): 53 ... Lim, Ye-Wheen; Lo, Harriet P.; Ferguson, Charles; Martel, Nick; Giacomotto, Jean; Gomez, Guillermo A.; Yap, Alpha S.; Hall, ... Lo, Harriet P; Hall, Thomas E; Parton, Robert G (13 January 2016). "Mechanoprotection by skeletal muscle caveolae". ... Lo, Harriet P; Hall, Thomas E; Parton, Robert G (2 January 2016). "Mechanoprotection by skeletal muscle caveolae". ...
During mechanical ventilation the goal is to maintain SVV between 10 and 15%, higher values along with a low SV may indicate ... The assessment of Cardiac Output (CO) is important because it reveals the main cardiac function: the supply of blood to tissues ... quantium Medical Cardiac Output (qCO) uses impedance cardiography in a simple, continuous, and non-invasive way to estimate the ... Hofer, C.K.; Ganter, M.T.; Zollinger, A. (2007). "What technique should I use to measure cardiac output?". Curr. Opin. Crit. ...
Cardiac output is dependent on stroke volume and heart rate. A significant portion (55-77%) of HFpEF patients are unable to ... Beta-blockers are the first-line therapy: they lower the heart rate and thus give more time for ventricles to fill. They may ... As a consequence, cardiac output becomes diminished. When the left ventricular diastolic pressure is elevated, venous pressure ... Volumetric definition of the heart in systole was first described by Adolph Fick as cardiac output. Fick may be readily and ...
... low blood pressure due to decreased systemic vascular resistance, higher cardiac output, and disorders in blood-clotting that ... The presence of low blood pressure, high blood lactate, or low urine output may suggest poor blood flow. Septic shock is low ... low urine output or no urine output, electrolyte abnormalities, or volume overload Heart: systolic and diastolic heart failure ... Dobutamine can also be used in hypotensive septic shock to increase cardiac output and correct blood flow to the tissues. ...
Cardiac and cardiovascular effects: Arrhythmia - Irregular heartbeats leading to lower cardiac output; itself a very severe ... With lower doses, mild inflammation may be seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Some animals are immune to the effects of ... An artificial cardiac pacemaker can also be installed to control the heartbeat. Other treatments are useful to treat the other ... If the poisoning is severe and not treated: Loss of consciousness - Lack of oxygen due to low blood pressure and respiratory ...
In both types, the heart's output of blood (cardiac output) is decreased. This causes a back-up of blood into the veins ... As in all types of shock, low blood pressure is a key finding in patients with obstructive shock. In response to low blood ... cardiac output drops. Hypotension and shock ensue. If not rapidly treated, it can lead to cardiac arrest and death. A pulmonary ... With the decrease cardiac output, blood flow to vital tissues is decreased. Poor perfusion to organs leads to shock. Due to ...
Plasma expansion may be necessary if hypotension and low cardiac output develop.[citation needed] Asymptomaic Hyponatraemia ...
The rapid uncoordinated heart rate may result in reduced output of blood pumped by the heart (cardiac output), resulting in ... For this reason, when determining the heart rate in AF, direct cardiac auscultation is recommended. Low blood pressure is most ... Due to inadequate cardiac output, individuals with AF may also complain of lightheadedness. AF can cause respiratory distress ... Additionally, people should not engage in strenuous physical activity - to maintain a low heart rate and low blood pressure - ...
... low levels of oxygen). There is increased intrathoracic pressure and decreased cardiac output following the Valsalva maneuver. ... An electrocardiogram (ECG) may rule out cardiac arrhythmia as a cause. There is some evidence that children with anemia ( ... Physiologically, there is often hypocapnea (low levels of carbon dioxide) and usually hypoxia ( ... a serious but treatable form of cardiac arrhythmia. Leung, Alexander K.C.; Leung, Amy A.M.; Wong, Alex H.C.; Hon, Kam Lun (2019 ...
His cardiac output was 50 litres a minute; a fit amateur cyclist's is about 25 litres. Induráin's lung capacity was 7.8 litres ... His resting pulse was as low as 28 BPM, compared to an average 60-72 bpm, which meant his heart would be less strained in the ... His maximal values were oxygen uptake 5.29 L/min (57.4 mL · kg-1 · min-1) and aerobic power output 450 W (4.88 W/kg) and was ... However, his absolute maximal and submaximal oxygen uptake and power output in 2012 still compared favorably with those ...
As venous return determines cardiac output, this results in a reduction of cardiac output. If ventilation of the lung on the ... Chest X-ray is known to be unreliable in diagnosing diaphragmatic rupture; it has low sensitivity and specificity for the ... Clinicians are trained to suspect diaphragmatic rupture particularly if penetrating trauma has occurred to the lower chest or ... penetrating injuries as high as the third rib and as low as the twelfth have been found to injure the diaphragm. Iatrogenic ...
This initially reduces blood volume, decreasing blood return to the heart and thus cardiac output. It is believed to lower ... low magnesium), hyponatremia (low sodium), and hypercalcemia (high calcium) Hyperuricemia (high levels of uric acid in the ... Hypokalemia, or low blood levels of potassium are an occasional side effect. It can be usually prevented by potassium ... Potential side effects include poor kidney function; electrolyte imbalances, including low blood potassium, and, less commonly ...
The ability of the pulmonary artery catheter to sample mixed venous blood is of great utility to manage low cardiac output ... High oxygen extraction is associated with low cardiac output and decreased mixed venous oxygen saturation. Except during ... The concept of using thermodilution to measure cardiac output was originally the idea of Arnost Fronek. As a former colleague ... Regardless of the value obtained by measurements of the cardiac output, the mixed venous oxygen saturation is an accurate ...
Pregnancy leads to high venous pressure in the lower limbs, decreased blood return to the heart, decreased cardiac output due ... This is caused by the decreased preload, decreased cardiac output, and leads to increased frequency. In pregnant women, signs ... Edema of the lower extremities (peripheral edema), caused by an increase in the venous blood pressure. Tachycardia. ...
Indeed, NIRS is able to measure venous oxygen saturation (SVO2), which is determined by the cardiac output, as well as other ... However, as a quantitative tool, the lower molar absorption levels in the region tended to keep absorption maxima "on-scale", ... examining the NIRS provides critical care physicians with an estimate of the cardiac output. NIRS is favoured by patients, ... NIRS is starting to be used in pediatric critical care, to help manage patients following cardiac surgery. ...
Initially, diuretics lower blood pressure by decreasing cardiac output and reducing plasma and extracellular fluid volume. ... Eventually, cardiac output returns to normal, and plasma and extracellular fluid volume return to slightly less than normal, ... Other adverse effects may include gout, low blood magnesium, high blood calcium, allergic reactions, and low blood pressure. ... Common adverse effects include low blood potassium, low blood sodium, high blood sugar, dizziness, and erectile dysfunction. ...
It may be due to low cardiac output (as seen in shock, congestive cardiac failure), hypovolemia, valvular heart disease (such ... Conditions associated with low cardiac output and high systemic vascular resistance can produce a dicrotic pulse. Pulsus ... increased cardiac output, increased stroke volume (as seen in anxiety, exercise, complete heart block, aortic regurgitation), ... A low tension pulse (pulsus mollis), the vessel is soft or impalpable between beats. In high tension pulse (pulsus durus), ...
Blocking β adrenergic receptors decreases the heart rate and cardiac output to lower arterial blood pressure. β blockers also ... Penbutolol has a low frequency of side effects. These side effects include dizziness, light headedness, and nausea. Penbutolol ... It may mask signs of low blood sugar in people with diabetes and it may mask signs of hyperthyroidism. Animal studies showed ... decrease renin levels, which ultimately results in less water being reabsorbed by the kidneys and therefore a lower blood ...
Eccentric contractions and cardiac output: With lower cost of oxygen how would eccentric exercise affect the heart? A study was ... Due to the high strain on muscles during eccentric training, coupled with low energy output, eccentric training becomes a ... The rehabilitative nature, low energy costs, high magnitudes of force, and low uptake of oxygen all align eccentric exercise ... and low oxygen demand make low-intensity eccentric exercise ideal for the elderly. Eccentric contraction and oxygen consumption ...
... and cardiac output are measured by stretch receptors found in the carotid arteries. Nerves embed themselves within these ... Hypovolemia, or low fluid levels in the body, can also act as a stimulus to cause this response. Epinephrine, also known as ... Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is a large driving force for the release of vasopressin, a hormone which causes the ... These impulses inhibit the constriction of blood vessels and lower the heart rate. If these nerves do not detect stretching, ...
Patients who have labile hypertension may have higher cardiac output and lower total peripheral resistance than others. ... The effect of taking beta blockers can help lower the heart rate as well as help improve the blood flow by opening up the blood ... By reducing alcohol intake, the systolic blood pressure will lower by 2-4mm Hg and the diastolic blood pressure by 1-2 mm Hg.[ ... Electrodes are placed on the surface of the skin and connected to the amplifier to detect electrical changes in the cardiac ...
... of the total cardiac output. If blood flow to the colon drops by more than about 50%, ischemia will develop. The arteries ... Causes of the reduced blood flow can include changes in the systemic circulation (e.g. low blood pressure) or local factors ... If possible, cardiac function and oxygenation should be optimized to improve oxygen delivery to the ischemic bowel. A ... As a result, during periods of low blood pressure, the arteries feeding the colon clamp down vigorously; a similar process can ...
... as low as possible, preferably below 1 in accordance with the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle. Donald, I; ... 2007). "A comparison between acoustic output indices in 2D and 3D/4D ultrasound in obstetrics". Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29 ( ... including number of amnionic sacs and chorionic sacs for multiple gestations Fetal cardiac activity Fetal position relative to ... the AIUM recommends using M-mode at first because the time-averaged acoustic intensity delivered to the fetus is lower with M- ...
Both low income and low education were predictors of coronary heart disease, a subset of cardiovascular disease. Of those ... In the developing world, there is a 10 fold increase in cardiac events in the black and urban populations. While cancer affects ... HIV can negatively affect work output, which impacts the ability to generate income. This is crucial in parts of Africa where ... Generally, low-income populations, whether they live in high-income countries or in low-middle income countries (LMIC) suffer ...
This "sympathoadrenal discharge" causes an increase in heart rate, cardiac output, blood pressure, triglyceride and glucose ... In exercise trained individuals, levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine are lower compared to those who do not actively train ... This explains the need for exercise to help increase the body's metabolism.[citation needed] Hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose ... The sympathoadrenal system activity is significantly reduced because the changed glycemic threshold allows for lower glucose ...
The cardiac output of an athlete is difficult to manipulate during competitions and the distribution of cardiac output is at ... At physiologically low PaO2 around 40 mmHg, EPO is released from the kidneys to increase hemoglobin transportation. The ... depends on cardiac output, O2 extraction and hemoglobin mass. ... which is still lower than that of whole blood in normal ... and lower lactic acid generation in anaerobic activity. HBOCs have been shown in trials to be extremely dangerous in humans. ...
... is an ideal modulator for low loss mode. It is highly effective at matching fibre input-output due to its low index and broad ... This way, medical specialists are able to measure both cardiac output and circulating blood volume from outside the body. ... due to their comparatively low losses and low thermal sensitivity, GaAs or InP based PICs allow the direct integration of light ... The lowest propagation losses reported in SiN (0.1 dB/cm down to 0.1 dB/m) have been achieved by LioniX International's TriPleX ...
... a hemodynamic parameter that relates the cardiac output to a patient's body size. Determination of cardiac output can be done ... Abrupt increases in oxygen saturation support a left-to-right shunt and lower than normal systemic arterial oxygen saturation ... For example, in aortic valve area calculation the Gorlin equation can be used to calculate the area if the cardiac output, ... Right heart catheterizations also allow the physician to estimate the cardiac output, the amount of blood that flows from the ...
Buderer, MC; Rummel, JA; Sawin, CF; Mauldin, DG (July 1973). "Use of the single-breth method of estimating cardiac output ... Upper and lower limb volumes obtained on the three crewmembers of Skylab 4 are shown in figure 6-2. Fluid shifts contributed ... This, the observed diminished stroke volume (cardiac output) is certainly contributory and, in turn, is a reflection of ... For Apollo 15 to 17 missions, cardiac output measurements were obtained by the single-breath technique. Arteriovenous oxygen ...
Cardiac output and heart rate also decreased in the MARS group as a consequence of an improvement in the hyperdynamic ... vasodilatation triggers the production of endogenous vasoactive substances that produce renal vasoconstriction and low ...
If this mechanism did not exist and the right and left cardiac outputs were not equivalent, blood would accumulate in the ... In contrast, the relaxed sarcomere length of cardiac muscle cells, in a resting ventricle, is lower than the optimal length for ... The Frank-Starling mechanism allows the cardiac output to be synchronized with the venous return, arterial blood supply and ... The mechanism is of functional importance because it serves to adapt left ventricular output to right ventricular output. ...
Challenges that lead to this shortage are low outputs of medical training institutions, health worker retention, and disease. ... In April 2012, the then State President had a cardiac arrest which resulted to his death due to lack of medication both within ... Malawi has the lowest ranking on health system among countries which are not affected by civil wars, however the medical ... In 2005, Malawi began to implement its emergency human resource program which concentrates on increasing output of trained ...
The windows of time where the respiratory and cardiac motions are low are very infrequent, leading to high dead times. However ... Specific to motion artifact correction in MRI, the Generator Network takes in an image with motion artifacts, and outputs an ... This is commonly done by using a pulse oximeter or EKG sensor to read a cardiac signal and/or a bellows to read the breathing ... An example of this could be acquiring an MRI slice only when the lung capacity is low (i.e. between large breaths). Gating is a ...
Echocardiogram abnormalities and cardiac catheterization or angiogram to rule out coronary artery blockages, along with a ... a low sodium diet, and fluid restriction, as well as medications. Medications may include ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and ... frothy material Decreased urine output (oliguria) Need to urinate at night (nocturia) Heart palpitations (irregular heart beat ...
Another week cardiac output Paulette Acosta, Giselle dancing with the girls and the pace of Tito el Bambino marked the sixth ... Diana Cano Rodolfo Jimenez teamed up to dance with "One More Night" by J Lo. Near the end of a round of introductions was the ... Among the two, Darla received the second lowest number of votes, landing her in the bottom two. Diana was saved by default. ^ ... Jocell Villa received the lowest score, followed by Nicole Suarez and Diana Cano. Nicole Suarez and Jocell Villa were in front ...
Gas exchange is affected by increases in the dispersion of both alveolar ventilation and cardiac output because bronchial and ... often reaching the lower airways. These agents are less likely to produce early warning signs (phosgene in low concentrations ... In low concentrations, phosgene's odor resembles freshly cut hay or grass. Because of this, the gas may not be noticed and ... 2007) Evolution of lower respiratory symptoms in New York police officers after 9/11: a prospective longitudinal study. Occup ...
... and decreased exercise tolerance are related to rapid heart rate and inefficient cardiac output caused by AF. Furthermore, AF ... Thus, those categorised as 'low risk' using CHA2DS2-VASc score were 'truly low risk' for thromboembolism, and consistent with ... Those at a low risk may benefit from mild (and low-risk) anticoagulation with aspirin (or clopidogrel in those who are allergic ... During cardiac catheterization, a device (such as the Watchman device) consisting of an expandable nitinol frame is introduced ...
Boothroyd CE, Young MW (2008). "The in(put)s and out(put)s of the Drosophila circadian clock". Annals of the New York Academy ... December 2002). "Low-dose ultraviolet B rays alter the mRNA expression of the circadian clock genes in cultured human ... Martino, Tami A.; Young, Martin E. (June 2015). "Influence of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock on cardiac physiology and ... Both the PRC and the required illuminance vary from species to species, and lower light levels are required to reset the clocks ...
... in which significant portions of cardiac output are directed to the skin), lowered skinfold thickness (contributes to ... Lower temperatures are characteristically observed in proximity to superficial veins, relative to superficial arteries, and ... Internal body heat is released to the environment at a greater rate with low skin temperature, as heat follows temperature ... Babies suffering from hypothermia will experience low skin temperatures despite appearing healthy otherwise. Heat loss from the ...
Elevated sympathetic nervous system output Overstimulation from drugs such as caffeine digitalis and catecholamines Cardiac ... the lower rhythm having escaped from the dominance of the upper rhythm. As a rule, premature ectopic beats (i.e. with a shorter ... Cardiac ectopy Clinical cardiac electrophysiology Electrical conduction system of the heart Phibbs, B. (1963). "Paroxysmal ... It is thus a cardiac pacemaker that is ectopic, producing an ectopic beat. Acute occurrence is usually non-life-threatening, ...
ESV is the lowest volume of blood in the ventricle at any point in the cardiac cycle. The main factors that affect the end- ... or output of blood by the heart during a single phase of the cardiac cycle. The stroke volume is the difference between the end ... End systolic volume can be used clinically as a measurement of the adequacy of cardiac emptying, related to systolic function. ... Clinically, ESV can be measured using two-dimensional echocardiography, MRI (magnetic resonance tomography) or cardiac CT ( ...
... wider capillaries and significantly increased blood volume and cardiac output. Tokyo Sea Life Park holds the only captive fish ... They compensate for this loss by having lower metabolic rates, larger gills, scaleless skin that can contribute more to gas ...
Others think sharks have a series of compensatory mechanisms that work to increase respiration rates and lower stress. It has ... Nishino, H. (2004). "Motor output characterizing thanatosis in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus". Journal of Experimental ... "Proven cardiac changes during death-feigning (tonic immobility) in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)". Journal of Comparative ... hens on the top tier of tiered battery cages are more fearful than those on the lower levels, hens carried by hand are more ...
Crustaceans are an important source of food, providing nearly 10,700,000 tons in 2007; the vast majority of this output is of ... The peptide GsMtx-4, found in the venom, has been studied for possible use in cardiac arrhythmia, muscular dystrophy, and ... Ortega-Hernández, J. (2016). "Making sense of 'lower' and 'upper' stem-group Euarthropoda, with comments on the strict use of ... Possible medical uses for other spider venoms have been investigated for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, Alzheimer's ...
In NSCLC samples, low miR-324a levels may serve as an indicator of poor survival. Either high miR-185 or low miR-133b levels ... Baek D, Villén J, Shin C, Camargo FD, Gygi SP, Bartel DP (September 2008). "The impact of microRNAs on protein output". Nature ... van Rooij E, Sutherland LB, Qi X, Richardson JA, Hill J, Olson EN (April 2007). "Control of stress-dependent cardiac growth and ... The other strand, called the passenger strand due to its lower levels in the steady state, is denoted with an asterisk (*) and ...
The government has used central planning, such as state control of production and procurement, direct bank credits with low ... Niyazov continued the old practice of demanding yearly quotas in agricultural output, and then blaming and/or sacking deputy ... Niyazov had publicly announced that he had been taking heart medication for the past few years for an unidentified cardiac ... Turkmenistan had the lowest life expectancy in Central Asia. Global Witness, a London-based human rights organisation, reported ...
... and the third class increase cardiac output - dopamine, dobutamine. If low blood pressure is due to blood loss, then ... that tends to raise low blood pressure. Some antihypotensive drugs act as vasoconstrictors to increase total peripheral ... Betamethasone Fludrocortisone Positive inotropic agents Cardiac glycosides Strophantin K Convallatoxin Digoxin PDE3 inhibitors ...
The left shift to a lower resonant frequency increases the volume of some low frequency sounds due to the longer waves ... Some electronic stethoscopes feature direct audio output that can be used with an external recording device, such as a laptop ... Mc Loughlin MJ and Mc Loughlin S. Cardiac auscultation: Preliminary findings of a pilot study using continuous Wave Doppler and ... The bell transmits low frequency sounds, while the diaphragm transmits higher frequency sounds. To deliver the acoustic energy ...
Should a thrombus form on the bioprosthetic valve in the bypass conduit, it will likely migrate to the lower half of the body ... 60% to 70% of the heart's output flows through the bypass to the aorta. The load on the heart is markedly reduced, and symptoms ... Cardiac surgery). ... Blood continues to flow to the body's lower half through the ... ascending aortas Have large or small aortic annular diameters Have low coronary ostia (these are the inlets to the left and ...
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) describes a dysfunction of the ANS and its regulation of the cardiovascular system. CAN is ... 4 combinations of 15 different low DC voltages are applied. The resulting Electrochemical Skin Conductances (ESC) for each hand ... measures sweat production based on a color change in a cobalt II compound from blue to pink to produce a categorical output, ... There are several other clinical tests available to assess sudomotor and/or small fiber function and/or peripheral or cardiac ...
Heart malformations also result from the loss of cardiac neural crest cells, which normally contribute to the cardiac outflow ... a low-grade adult malignancy associated with both myogenic and neural differentiation. MAML3 encodes a transcriptional ... of activated downstream target genes suggesting that the cell environment has an important role in modulating the output of ...
Dive into the research topics of Glucose-insulin-potassium reduces the incidence of low cardiac output episodes after aortic ... T1 - Glucose-insulin-potassium reduces the incidence of low cardiac output episodes after aortic valve replacement for aortic ... Glucose-insulin-potassium reduces the incidence of low cardiac output episodes after aortic valve replacement for aortic ... Glucose-insulin-potassium reduces the incidence of low cardiac output episodes after aortic valve replacement for aortic ...
3. Atrial pressure & decreased kick in all the above-A-FIb, Dys, low venous return ... Structural, functional cardiac disorder that impairs the heart to fill with or eject blood.. Primary cause L sided is LDCA. ... Cardiac glycoside-Dig. Medical TX: ventricular assist device (Intra-aortic balloon pump) ... Watch for R on T (cardiac event-ventric stimulus causes premature depoalrization of cells that havent completely repolarized. ...
A number of studies have shown that expired CO2 concentration is closely related to cardiac output, but that cardiac output was ... A number of studies have shown that expired CO2 concentration is closely related to cardiac output, but that cardiac output was ... A number of studies have shown that expired CO2 concentration is closely related to cardiac output, but that cardiac output was ... A number of studies have shown that expired CO2 concentration is closely related to cardiac output, but that cardiac output was ...
Provided phase two support for a cardiac output monitoring tool, which is easier to operate and more cost-effective compared to ... This tool, which has been FDA approved, will enable patients to understand their cardiac issues in a more accurate manner, ...
... or renal replacement therapy in patients with low ejection fraction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with ... Levosimendan not effective in reducing postoperative low cardiac output syndrome in select heart surgery patients. byQasim ... Overall, the results of this study suggest levosimendan does not help reduce the risk of low cardiac output failure in patients ... While current management of low cardiac output syndrome includes use of inotropic agents or left ventricular assist devices, ...
lowest published toxic concentration: 289500 mg/m3/2M. Cardiac: Cardiac output. Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in ... Cardiac: Change in rate. AEHLAU 30,353,1975. inhalation/Dog lowest published toxic concentration: 868500 mg/m3/10M. Cardiac: ... Lowest published lethal concentration: 22 pph/10M. Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP. Cardiac: Change in conduction ... lowest published toxic concentration: 100 pph/10M. Cardiac: EKG changes not diagnostic of above. Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased ...
Cardiac output. May be normal, low, or high. Mostly decreased, may be low normal ... Cardiac Catheterization. Interestingly, a clue to the diagnosis of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is the inability to ... The development of acute fulminant pulmonary edema, and even death, has been reported with infusion of even a very low dose of ... offers very little additional clinically relevant information when ventilation-perfusion scan findings are normal or show a low ...
title = "BEHANDLUNG DES LOW-CARDIAC-OUTPUT-SYNDROMS BEI NEUGEBORENEN UND KINDERN",. abstract = "A refractory low-cardiac-output ... All non-responders succumbed due to refractory low-cardiac-output syndrome, while only one responder died in low-cardiac-output ... All non-responders succumbed due to refractory low-cardiac-output syndrome, while only one responder died in low-cardiac-output ... All non-responders succumbed due to refractory low-cardiac-output syndrome, while only one responder died in low-cardiac-output ...
Characteristic features of cardiac tamponade are as follows:. * Low cardiac output. * Elevated central venous pressures ... Primary cardiac malignancy presents as unresponsive heart failure. In rare instances, cardiac tamponade may be the initial ... Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Radiol. 2005 Jul. 15(7):1446-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Cardiac tamponade. A clinical or an echocardiographic diagnosis?. Circulation. 1993 May. 87(5):1738-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...
Cardiac Output, Low / drug therapy * Cardiac Output, Low / epidemiology * Cardiac Output, Low / physiopathology ...
Low Cardiac Output (Off-label). 2-20 mcg/kg/min IV or IO; titrate to desired effect; not to exceed 40 mcg/kg/min ... Strong beta1 and weak beta2/alpha effects, resulting in increased cardiac output, blood pressure, and heart rate, as well as ... During administration of dobutamine, monitor blood pressure continuously; pulmonary wedge pressure and cardiac output should be ... Cardiac Decompensation. 0.5-1 mcg/kg/min IV continuous infusion initially, then 2-20 mcg/kg/min; not to exceed 40 mcg/kg/min ...
Ventricular arrhythmias, severe hypertension, cardiac ischemia, sudden cardiac death. Milrinone. Low cardiac output. Bolus. 50 ... Low cardiac output, unresponsive to atropine or pacing. 2-20 μg/kg/min (maximum 40 μg/kg/min). Tachycardia, increased ... Low-, moderate-, and high-dose classification mentioned.. 299. In bed exercises = 41 occasions (15 patients on low dose; 24 ... Vasoactive drugs consist of inotropes, which increase cardiac output through enhanced myocardial contractility, and ...
Low cardiac output (i.e. hypocalcemia, cardiomyopathies). *Impaired Oxygen Diffusion *Pulmonary edema (i.e. left sided ... Cardiac anomalies (i.e. tetralogy of fallot, transposition of the great arteries, truncus arteriosus, total anomalous pulmonary ... Physical examination of the infant is negative for cardiac murmurs and abnormalities on lung auscultation. You note a below ...
DObutamine CompaREd to MIlrinone for Low Cardiac Output and Cardiogenic Shock in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: The CAPITAL ... DObutamine CompaREd to MIlrinone for Low Cardiac Output and Cardiogenic Shock in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: The CAPITAL ... In this study, patients with significant impairment in their heart pumping function with evidence of low blood flow to critical ... In these patients with significantly impaired pumping function, medications known as inotropes can be given in a cardiac ...
CO was lower with major blood loss (1.9), than without major loss (5.0; P = 0.0008). Low PetCO2 was associated with low CO (P & ... Low CO was associated (P ≤ 0.0059) with ISS > 20, hypotension, bradycardia, major blood loss, abnormal pupils, cardiac ... and cardiac output (CO) had a positive association in emergently intubated trauma patients during Emergency Department ... lt; 0.0001). Low PetCO2 was associated (P ≤ 0.0012) with ISS > 20, hypotension, bradycardia, major blood loss, abnormal ...
Prophylactic levosimendan for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality in paediatric patients undergoing ... TY - ELEC T1 - Prophylactic levosimendan for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality in paediatric patients ... Prophylactic levosimendan for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality in paediatric patients undergoing ... Prophylactic levosimendan for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality in paediatric patients undergoing ...
The primary outcome was the incidence of low cardiac output syndrome. Left ventricular biopsies were analyzed to assess changes ... GIK treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of low cardiac output state (odds ratio, 0.22; 95% ... Perioperative treatment with GIK was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of low cardiac output state and ... The primary outcome was the incidence of low cardiac output syndrome. Left ventricular biopsies were analyzed to assess changes ...
ClinicalTrials.gov: Cardiac Output, Low (National Institutes of Health) * ClinicalTrials.gov: Heart Failure (National ... Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) (American Heart Association) * Digoxin: A Medicine for Heart Problems (American Academy ... Cardiac Asthma: What Causes It? (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also in Spanish ... Also called: Cardiac failure, CHF, Congestive heart failure, Left-sided heart failure, Right-sided heart failure ...
Cardiac Output G9.330.553.400.280 G9.330.553.660.124. Cardiac Output, High C23.888.176. Cardiac Output, Low C23.888.192. ... Death, Sudden, Cardiac C14.280.67.441. Decidua A16.759.289 A16.710.289. Deciduoma A16.759.289.500 A16.710.289.500. Defensins ... Edema, Cardiac C23.888.277.197. Egg Yolk A16.631.325 A16.690.325. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome C14.907.934.240 C14.907.454.240. ... Myoblasts, Cardiac A10.690.637.500 A10.690.552.750.500. Myocardial Infarction C14.907.553.355.500 C14.907.585.500. C14.907. ...
Cardiovascular manifestations include hypotension, reduction in cardiac output, tachycardia, irregular heart beat, or cardiac ... If exposure levels are determined to be safe, decontamination may be conducted by personnel wearing a lower level of protection ... As a result, effects may include hypotension, reduction in cardiac output, tachycardia, oliguria, anuria, cyanosis, pulmonary ... Cardiac sensitizing agents may be appropriate; however, the use of cardiac sensitizing agents after exposure to certain ...
Increase Cardiac Output. *Improve Skin Elasticity. *Remove Wrinkles. *Eliminate Cellulite. *Lower Blood Pressure ... Lower Blood Pressure And Cholesterol, And Improve Memory And Thinking Ability. ...
It goes through roller pumps that acts as the cardiac output. And you can dial up and down liters per minute flow. And then it ... And so this is frequently just maintained at a low level. And people become exposed to hantavirus through activities that bring ... So we have to support the cardiac status. So this is just like cardiac bypass. Well put large bore cannulas in the femoral ... So with monitoring their PaO2 to FiO2 to ratios, monitoring their cardiac index, their lactate which could be a marker of ...
Inadequate tissue perfusion manifested as hypotension and low cardiac output despite adequate intravascular volume.. ... Table 1. Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Recommended Indications for ECMO in Adult Patients with Cardiac ...
The high incidence of AKI in septua- and octogenarians after cardiac surgery should prompt the use of RIFLE criteria to ... Perioperative mortality was predicted with the logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE). ... The RIFLE criteria allow identifying patients with AKI after cardiac surgery. ... and octogenarians undergo cardiac surgery. Acute kidney injury (AKI) still is a frequent complication after surgery. We ...
The majority of these patients had normal cardiac output and well-maintained RV function. There may be a higher risk for early ... Fenestration rate was lower (P = .001) in the no-oxygenator group (8%) than in the oxygenator group (25%). Patients in the no- ... The majority of these patients had normal cardiac output and well-maintained RV function. There may be a higher risk for early ... The majority of these patients had normal cardiac output and well-maintained RV function. There may be a higher risk for early ...
This, coupled with an increased heart rate, a cardiac output 40 to 50 percent higher than normal, and the added weight from the ... Salt Substitutes May Help Lower the Risk of Heart Attack, Stroke. Researchers say using salt substitutes can lower the sodium ... During pregnancy, theres an increase in maternal blood volume, cardiac output, and heart rate. The arteries dilate to ... Understanding the Difference Between a Heart Attack and a Cardiac Arrest. A heart attack occurs when blood stops flowing to the ...
... by intra-operative low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS), Abella et al. found lower AM in LCOS infants. At a 27 pg/L cut-off, AM ... Adrenomedullin alterations related to cardiopulmonary bypass in infants with low cardiac output syndrome. J Matern Fetal ... It is noteworthy that the cost/benefit of each biochemical marker is lower than that of any of the standard monitoring ... Jonsson H, Johnsson P, Hoglund P, Alling C, Blomquist S. Elimination of S100B and renal function after cardiac surgery. J ...
Volume loading improves low cardiac output in experimental right ventricular infarction.. Journal of the American College of ... Measurement of cardiac output by cine computed tomography.. The American journal of cardiology ... term progression of cardiac allograft vasculopathy in patients with orthotopic heart transplantation using quantitative cardiac ... Assessment of cardiac anatomy using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.. Journal of the American College of Cardiology ...

No FAQ available that match "cardiac output low"

No images available that match "cardiac output low"