Cardiac output high. Medical search

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

Measurement of blood flow based on induction at one point of the circulation of a known change in the intravascular heat content of flowing blood and detection of the resultant change in temperature at a point downstream.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, including congenital, valvular, rheumatic, hypertensive, coronary, and cardiomyopathic. The serious form of low cardiac output is characterized by marked reduction in STROKE VOLUME, and systemic vasoconstriction resulting in cold, pale, and sometimes cyanotic extremities.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Method for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of dye into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A state of elevated cardiac output due to conditions of either increased hemodynamic demand or reduced cardiac oxygen output. These conditions may include ANEMIA; ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; THYROTOXICOSIS; PREGNANCY; EXERCISE; FEVER; and ANOXIA. In time, compensatory changes of the heart can lead to pathological form of high cardiac output and eventual HEART FAILURE.

Surgery performed on the heart.

A type of impedance plethysmography in which bioelectrical impedance is measured between electrodes positioned around the neck and around the lower thorax. It is used principally to calculate stroke volume and cardiac volume, but it is also related to myocardial contractility, thoracic fluid content, and circulation to the extremities.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

Placement of a balloon-tipped catheter into the pulmonary artery through the antecubital, subclavian, and sometimes the femoral vein. It is used to measure pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure which reflects left atrial pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The catheter is threaded into the right atrium, the balloon is inflated and the catheter follows the blood flow through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle and out into the pulmonary artery.

Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.

Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

The movement of the BLOOD as it is pumped through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.

Methods for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of an indicator, such as a dye, radionuclide, or chilled liquid, into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

The blood pressure in the central large VEINS of the body. It is distinguished from peripheral venous pressure which occurs in an extremity.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.

The volume of the HEART, usually relating to the volume of BLOOD contained within it at various periods of the cardiac cycle. The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle at each beat is STROKE VOLUME.

Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).

Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.

The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to reflect the PRESSURE in the pulmonary CAPILLARIES.

The HEART and the BLOOD VESSELS by which BLOOD is pumped and circulated through the body.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART VENTRICLES.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

Method for determining the circulating blood volume by introducing a known quantity of foreign substance into the blood and determining its concentration some minutes later when thorough mixing has occurred. From these two values the blood volume can be calculated by dividing the quantity of injected material by its concentration in the blood at the time of uniform mixing. Generally expressed as cubic centimeters or liters per kilogram of body weight.

Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.

The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.

The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.

The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).

Recording changes in electrical impedance between electrodes placed on opposite sides of a part of the body, as a measure of volume changes in the path of the current. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs.

Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.

Precursor cells destined to differentiate into cardiac myocytes (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC).

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Myosin type II isoforms found in cardiac muscle.

Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.

Visualization of the heart structure and cardiac blood flow for diagnostic evaluation or to guide cardiac procedures via techniques including ENDOSCOPY (cardiac endoscopy, sometimes refered to as cardioscopy), RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; TOMOGRAPHY; or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.

The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g., DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY). The information is useful in evaluating the function of the MYOCARDIUM; CARDIAC VALVES; and PERICARDIUM, particularly with simultaneous measurement of other (e.g., aortic or atrial) pressures.

Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.

A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.

Freedom from activity.

One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It inhibits F-actin-myosin interactions.

Cyclopentanophenanthrenes with a 5- or 6-membered lactone ring attached at the 17-position and SUGARS attached at the 3-position. Plants they come from have long been used in congestive heart failure. They increase the force of cardiac contraction without significantly affecting other parameters, but are very toxic at larger doses. Their mechanism of action usually involves inhibition of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE and they are often used in cell biological studies for that purpose.

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

The restoration of the sequential order of contraction and relaxation of the HEART ATRIA and HEART VENTRICLES by atrio-biventricular pacing.

The restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead. (Dorland, 27th ed)

A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.

A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

The blood pressure in the ARTERIES. It is commonly measured with a SPHYGMOMANOMETER on the upper arm which represents the arterial pressure in the BRACHIAL ARTERY.

The posture of an individual lying face up.

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.

The artificial substitution of heart and lung action as indicated for HEART ARREST resulting from electric shock, DROWNING, respiratory arrest, or other causes. The two major components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are artificial ventilation (RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL) and closed-chest CARDIAC MASSAGE.

The position or attitude of the body.

A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.

An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).

The circulation of BLOOD through the LIVER.

Occurrence of heart arrest in an individual when there is no immediate access to medical personnel or equipment.

Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right HEART VENTRICLE.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.

The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.

The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.

Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).

A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.

The main trunk of the systemic arteries.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.

The exercise capacity of an individual as measured by endurance (maximal exercise duration and/or maximal attained work load) during an EXERCISE TEST.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

A response by the BARORECEPTORS to increased BLOOD PRESSURE. Increased pressure stretches BLOOD VESSELS which activates the baroreceptors in the vessel walls. The net response of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM is a reduction of central sympathetic outflow. This reduces blood pressure both by decreasing peripheral VASCULAR RESISTANCE and by lowering CARDIAC OUTPUT. Because the baroreceptors are tonically active, the baroreflex can compensate rapidly for both increases and decreases in blood pressure.

Receptors in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which are sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the RIGHT ATRIUM.

Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.

An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

The measure of a BLOOD VESSEL's ability to increase the volume of BLOOD it holds without a large increase in BLOOD PRESSURE. The vascular capacitance is equal to the change in volume divided by the change in pressure.

The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues using a transducer placed in the esophagus.

The period following a surgical operation.

The ratio of alveolar ventilation to simultaneous alveolar capillary blood flow in any part of the lung. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; and SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.

A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)

Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.

Diversion of blood flow through a circuit located outside the body but continuous with the bodily circulation.

Compounds of the general formula R:N.NR2, as resulting from the action of hydrazines with aldehydes or ketones. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.

Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

External decompression applied to the lower body. It is used to study orthostatic intolerance and the effects of gravitation and acceleration, to produce simulated hemorrhage in physiologic research, to assess cardiovascular function, and to reduce abdominal stress during childbirth.

The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solutions. Used clinically (1) in states of impaired microcirculation, (2) for replacement of intraoperative blood loss without homologous blood transfusion, and (3) in cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia.

One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It is a cardiac-specific protein that binds to TROPOMYOSIN. It is released from damaged or injured heart muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Defects in the gene encoding troponin T result in FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY.

A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.

Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects.

Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include, but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.

The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.

Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.

Advanced and highly specialized care provided to medical or surgical patients whose conditions are life-threatening and require comprehensive care and constant monitoring. It is usually administered in specially equipped units of a health care facility.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Any method of artificial breathing that employs mechanical or non-mechanical means to force the air into and out of the lungs. Artificial respiration or ventilation is used in individuals who have stopped breathing or have RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY to increase their intake of oxygen (O2) and excretion of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Plethysmographic determination in which the intensity of light reflected from the skin surface and the red cells below is measured to determine the blood volume of the respective area. There are two types, transmission and reflectance.

Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.

A subfield of acoustics dealing in the radio frequency range higher than acoustic SOUND waves (approximately above 20 kilohertz). Ultrasonic radiation is used therapeutically (DIATHERMY and ULTRASONIC THERAPY) to generate HEAT and to selectively destroy tissues. It is also used in diagnostics, for example, ULTRASONOGRAPHY; ECHOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; and ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, to visually display echoes received from irradiated tissues.

Tumors in any part of the heart. They include primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the heart. Their interference with normal cardiac functions can cause a wide variety of symptoms including HEART FAILURE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS; or EMBOLISM.

Institutions specializing in the care of patients with heart disorders.

Characteristics of ELECTRICITY and magnetism such as charged particles and the properties and behavior of charged particles, and other phenomena related to or associated with electromagnetism.

The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx).

The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.

Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.

A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.

Echocardiography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART ATRIA.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A type of imaging technique used primarily in the field of cardiology. By coordinating the fast gradient-echo MRI sequence with retrospective ECG-gating, numerous short time frames evenly spaced in the cardiac cycle are produced. These images are laced together in a cinematic display so that wall motion of the ventricles, valve motion, and blood flow patterns in the heart and great vessels can be visualized.

The vessels carrying blood away from the capillary beds.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.

A standard and widely accepted diagnostic test used to identify patients who have a vasodepressive and/or cardioinhibitory response as a cause of syncope. (From Braunwald, Heart Disease, 7th ed)

The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an ARTERY produced by waves of pressure caused by the ejection of BLOOD from the left ventricle of the HEART as it contracts.

Distensibility measure of a chamber such as the lungs (LUNG COMPLIANCE) or bladder. Compliance is expressed as a change in volume per unit change in pressure.

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

The heart rate of the FETUS. The normal range at term is between 120 and 160 beats per minute.

A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9)

The study of the electrical activity and characteristics of the HEART; MYOCARDIUM; and CARDIOMYOCYTES.

High and low pulmonary vascular resistance in heart transplant candidates. A 5-year follow-up after heart transplantation shows continuous reduction in resistance and no difference in complication rate. (1/22)

BACKGROUND: In heart transplantation candidates, high pulmonary vascular resistance has been found to decrease promptly after heart transplantation without any further reduction during follow-up. Pulmonary hypertension has been described as associated with an increased peri- and postoperative complication rate and mortality. This study describes the evolution of pulmonary vascular resistance and the outcome for patients during 5 years following heart transplantation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Haemodynamic data, complication rate and mortality have been analysed during 5-year follow-up in all patients (n = 80) who were heart transplanted at Sahlgrenska University Hospital from 1988 through 1990. We found a significant and continuous reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance both in patients with a pre-operative high (> 3 Wood Units; n = 36), but reversible on nitroprusside, and pre-operative low (< or = 3 Wood Units; n = 44) pulmonary vascular resistance. A multivariate analysis showed that a pre-operative high mean pulmonary artery and low mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure predicted the decline in pulmonary vascular resistance during 5 years after heart transplantation. The need for a postoperative assist device, complication rate, and early and late mortality were independent of the pre-operative level of pulmonary vascular resistance. CONCLUSIONS: A continuous reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance during 5 years following heart transplantation was found in patients with both high, but reversible, and low pre-operative resistance levels. The outcome and survival were independent of the pre-operative pulmonary vascular resistance level. (+info)

Automated cardiac output measurements by ultrasound are inaccurate at high cardiac outputs. (2/22)

OBJECTIVE: The sonographic technique of automated cardiac output measurement (ACM) is a promising new method to measure cardiac output and could be of use in a high-risk obstetric unit in the treatment of pre-eclamptic patients. The aim was to determine the accuracy of the ACM method. DESIGN: Comparative study of the sonographic technique of ACM versus cardiac output measured by thermodilution (TD). METHODS: The study included 39 intensive care patients, 21 men, 13 non-pregnant women and five severely pre-eclamptic pregnant patients, with a wide range of cardiac outputs, in whom TD catheters had been inserted for clinical reasons. Two separate experienced observers, blinded to the results obtained with the other method, performed four successive measurements in each patient with either the ACM or TD technique. The averaged cardiac output value per patient and method was used for comparison. RESULTS: Cardiac output was successfully measured with ACM and TD in 85 and 100% of patients, respectively. Mean cardiac output measured by ACM (6.77 +/- 1.90 L/min) was significantly lower than that measured by TD (9.12 +/- 3.06 L/min). Although cardiac output values obtained with ACM were significantly correlated with those measured by TD, the ACM values were consistently lower than TD values in the higher cardiac output range; the relationship was represented by ACM = 0.35 TD + 3.55 L/min (r = 0.57, P < 0.001). The (ACM - TD) difference increased significantly with cardiac output, through a difference in stroke volume, not in heart rate. CONCLUSION: The ACM is not an accurate tool to measure cardiac output in patients with a high cardiac output, including treated pre-eclamptic women. (+info)

Liver disease in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. (3/22)

BACKGROUND: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, or Rendu-Osler-Weber disease, is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by angiodysplastic lesions (telangiectases and arteriovenous malformations) that affect many organs. Liver involvement in patients with this disease has not been fully characterized. METHODS: We studied the clinical findings and results of hemodynamic, angiographic, and imaging studies in 19 patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and symptomatic liver involvement. RESULTS: We evaluated 14 women and 5 men who ranged in age from 34 to 74 years. All but one of the patients had a hyperdynamic circulation (cardiac index, 4.2 to 7.3 liters per minute per square meter of body-surface area). In eight patients, the clinical findings were consistent with the presence of high-output heart failure. The cardiac index and pulmonary-capillary wedge pressure were elevated in the six patients in whom these measurements were performed. After a median period of 24 months, the condition of three of the eight patients had improved, four were in stable condition with medical therapy, and one had died. Six patients had manifestations of portal hypertension such as ascites or variceal bleeding. The hepatic sinusoidal pressure was elevated in the four patients in whom it was measured. After a median period of 19 months, the condition of two of the six patients had improved, and the other four had died. Five patients had manifestations of biliary disease, such as an elevated alkaline phosphatase level and abnormalities on bile duct imaging. After a median period of 30 months, the condition of two of the five had improved, the condition of one was unchanged, heart failure had developed in one, and one had died after an unsuccessful attempt at liver transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and symptomatic liver-involvement, the typical clinical presentations include high-output heart failure, portal hypertension, and biliary disease. (+info)

Crow-Fukase syndrome associated with high-output heart failure. (4/22)

A 64-year-old woman was admitted with systemic edema and exertional dyspnea. High-output heart failure was diagnosed by right heart catheterization and she was treated with diuretics. After 3 weeks, her symptoms disappeared but a high cardiac output state persisted. A diagnosis of Crow-Fukase syndrome was made based on the presence of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes. Her serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level was markedly elevated after recovery from heart failure. We suspect that an elevated VEGF level and a high cardiac output state may play a role in the pathogenesis of heart failure in Crow-Fukase syndrome. (+info)

Comparison of bedside measurement of cardiac output with the thermodilution method and the Fick method in mechanically ventilated patients. (5/22)

INTRODUCTION: Bedside cardiac output determination is a common preoccupation in the critically ill. All available methods have drawbacks. We wished to re-examine the agreement between cardiac output determined using the thermodilution method (QTTHERM) and cardiac output determined using the metabolic (Fick) method (QTFICK) in patients with extremely severe states, all the more so in the context of changing practices in the management of patients. Indeed, the interchangeability of the methods is a clinically relevant question; for instance, in view of the debate about the risk-benefit balance of right heart catheterization. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen mechanically ventilated passive patients with a right heart catheter in place were studied (six women, 12 men; age, 39-84 years; simplified acute physiology scoreII, 39-111). QTTHERM was obtained using a standard procedure. QTFICK was measured from oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and arterial and mixed venous oxygen contents. Forty-nine steady-state pairs of measurements were performed. The data were normalized for repeated measurements, and were tested for correlation and agreement. RESULTS: The QTFICK value was 5.2 +/- 2.0 l/min whereas that of QTTHERM was 5.8 +/- 1.9 l/min (R = 0.840, P < 0.0001; mean difference, -0.7 l/min; lower limit of agreement, -2.8 l/min; upper limit of agreement, 1.5 l/min). The agreement was excellent between the two techniques at QTTHERM values <5 l/min but became too loose for clinical interchangeability above this value. Tricuspid regurgitation did not influence the results. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: No gold standard is established to measure cardiac output in critically ill patients. The thermodilution method has known limitations that can lead to inaccuracies. The metabolic method also has potential pitfalls in this context, particularly if there is increased oxygen consumption within the lungs. The concordance between the two methods for low cardiac output values suggests that they can both be relied upon for clinical decision making in this context. Conversely, a high cardiac output value is more difficult to rely on in absolute terms. (+info)

High output heart failure 8 months after an acquired arteriovenous fistula. (6/22)

Congestive heart failure (CHF) due to hyperkinetic states can occur in systemic diseases and in arteriovenous fistulas. An 18 year old Turkish male patient complaining of dyspnea and palpitations, who had suffered a stab wound to his abdomen eight months earlier, was admitted to our clinic. Auscultation revealed a systolodiastolic murmur over the entire abdomen. Chest x-rays demonstrated significant cardiomegaly. Echocardiography revealed biatrial enlargement and significant mitral and tricuspid regurgitation accompanied by dilatation of the inferior vena cava. Right heart catheterization showed increased oxygen saturation at the inferior vena cava. A diagnosis of an aortocaval fistula was made by aortography. The symptoms subsided and valvular regurgitations ceased alter surgical correction. This rare case demonstrates the significance of routine physical examination and history of the patient. (+info)

Equipment review: an appraisal of the LiDCO plus method of measuring cardiac output. (7/22)

The LiDCO plus system is a minimally/non-invasive technique of continuous cardiac output measurement. In common with all cardiac output monitors this technology has both strengths and weaknesses. This review discusses the technological basis of the device and its clinical application. (+info)

Vasoplegic syndrome after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: an unusual complication. (8/22)

We report the case of a 65-year-old man who developed norepinephrine-resistant vasoplegic syndrome after elective off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB). The failure of norepinephrine to improve the patient's hemodynamics prompted us to start treatment with vasopressin; within 30 minutes, the hemodynamics began to improve. After 12 hours, the patient was stable enough to be weaned from the vasopressin. He was discharged from the hospital on the 10th postoperative day. To our knowledge, ours is the 1st report of vasopressin use for vasodilatory shock after OPCAB in the English-language medical literature. Herein, we discuss the pathophysiology and management of vasoplegic syndrome--which is controversial--with special emphasis on the use of vasopressin in this situation. (+info)

... leading to higher cardiac output. The capacitance, also known as compliance, of the arterio-vascular channels that carry the ... Cardiac input (CI) is the inverse operation of cardiac output. As cardiac output implies the volumetric expression of ejection ... In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols Q {\displaystyle Q} , Q ... Values for cardiac output are usually denoted as L/min. For a healthy individual weighing 70 kg, the cardiac output at rest ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_output

In advanced cases, the disease may cause high-output cardiac failure and death. Symptoms may occur concurrently with those of ... Anand, I. S.; Florea, V. G. (2001). "High Output Cardiac Failure". Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine. 3 (2 ... and high-output heart failure Elevated jugular venous pressure Dyspnea (shortness of breath) on exertion Paroxysmal nocturnal ... High mortality of salmon (Salmo salar) in the river Mörrumsån is reported, and mammals such as the Eurasian elk (Alces alces) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiamine_deficiency

... is a heart condition that occurs when the cardiac output is higher than normal due to increased ... High Output Cardiac Failure. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2001 Apr;3(2):151-159. PMID 11242561 Causes of High-Output ... Ultimately cardiac output can be reduced to very low levels. It may occur in situations with an increased blood volume, morbid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-output_heart_failure

Increased cardiac output and low systemic vascular resistance are characteristic of ALF. Pulmonary artery catheterization ... It may vary from subtle deficit in higher brain function (e.g. mood, concentration in grade I) to deep coma (grade IV). ... There is a compensatory increase in cardiac output. Adrenal insufficiency has been documented in 60% of ALF cases, and is ... Severe lung injury and hypoxemia result in high mortality. Most cases of severe lung injury are due to ARDS, with or without ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_liver_failure

In both types, the heart's output of blood (cardiac output) is decreased. This causes a back-up of blood into the veins ... However, this may be higher in recent years. Most often, the obstruction is a blood clot that traveled from elsewhere in the ... cardiac output drops. Hypotension and shock ensue. If not rapidly treated, it can lead to cardiac arrest and death. A pulmonary ... With the decrease cardiac output, blood flow to vital tissues is decreased. Poor perfusion to organs leads to shock. Due to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstructive_shock

This results in a decrease in cardiac input and output. A further decrease of cardiac input and output is typical in phase III ... In phase I, the required filling pressure increases due to the high stiffness of the ventricles. This is because of the ... The decrease in stroke volume can also ultimately lead to a decrease in cardiac output, which could be signaled by tachycardia ... "Management of Cardiac Tamponade After Cardiac Surgery". Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. Elsevier BV. 26 (2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_tamponade

Cardiac output and peripheral resistance are the two determinants of arterial pressure. Cardiac output is determined by stroke ... Single gene mutations can cause Mendelian forms of high blood pressure; ten genes have been identified which cause these ... It does this by regulating the peripheral vasculature, and kidney function, which in turn affect cardiac output, vascular ... Arterial baroreceptors are reset to a higher pressure in hypertensive patients, and this peripheral resetting reverts to normal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_hypertension

In general, birds have larger heart sizes and higher cardiac output. During flight, birds can sustain their heart rates, and ... In contrast, common ravens living at higher latitudes in temperate regions experience high basal metabolic rates. A higher ... Cardiac output (mL/minute) can be calculated by multiplying heart rate (beats/minute) by stroke volume (mL/beat). Like other ... In response, the common raven experiences an increased heart rate and cardiac output. Another method used by many species of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_raven_physiology

Anderson CB, Groce MA (1975). "Banding of arteriovenous dialysis fistulas to correct high-output cardiac failure". Surgery. 78 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_access_steal_syndrome

This effect is coupled with decreased body temperature and cardiac output. Wu et al. have pointed out that this relationship is ... T1AM is a high-affinity ligand for the trace amine-associated receptor TAAR1 (TAR1, TA1), a recently discovered G protein- ... as the compound can induce negative inotropic effects and decrease cardiac output. O-Phenyl-3-iodotyramine Trace amine Scanlan ... "Cardiac effects of 3-iodothyronamine: a new aminergic system modulating cardiac function". The FASEB Journal. 21 (7): 1597-608 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Iodothyronamine

They also have a high heart rate, cardiac output, and ventilation rate. To achieve high cardiac outputs, tunas increase their ... High cardiac outputs in southern bluefin tuna are necessary to achieve their maximum metabolic rates. The bulbus arteriosus can ... allow for comparatively high cardiac outputs, as well as rapid ejection of stroke volume. This, together with the organization ... Their hearts are exceptionally large, with ventricle masses and cardiac output roughly four to five times larger than those of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_bluefin_tuna

Plasma expansion may be necessary if hypotension and low cardiac output develop.[citation needed] Asymptomaic Hyponatraemia ... The clinician must have a high index of suspicion for diagnosing TURP syndrome in a patient who becomes unwell following a TURP ... therefore in the correct clinical context the clinician should have a high index of suspicion. Most of the manifestations are ... The patient should preferably be transferred to a high dependency unit and be attached to continuous monitoring.[citation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transurethral_resection_of_the_prostate_syndrome

Cardiac output is determined by stroke volume and heart rate; stroke volume is related to myocardial contractility and to the ... "Diagnosis of High Blood Pressure - NHLBI, NIH". National Institutes of Health. This article incorporates text from this source ... Cardiac output and peripheral resistance are the two determinants of arterial pressure and so blood pressure is normally ... This causes the arterial pressure to rise as the cardiac output increases. Local autoregulatory mechanisms counteract this by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_hypertension

This causes reduced cardiac output and hypotension, which may result in brain ischemia. A delayed return of symptoms have been ... If a relatively high level of carbon monoxide is detected, the device sounds an alarm, giving people the chance to evacuate and ... Cardiac dysrhythmias are treated with standard advanced cardiac life support protocols. If severe, metabolic acidosis is ... Increasing exposure produces cardiac abnormalities including fast heart rate, low blood pressure, and cardiac arrhythmia; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide_poisoning

That is on average one fourth of the average cardiac output at rest. Portal hypertension is a condition in which the blood ... That is why the total liver blood flow is quite high, at about 1 litre a minute and up to two litres a minute. ... pressure of the portal venous system is too high. It is often the result of cirrhosis of the liver. Many drugs that are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_portal_system

The sympathetic stimulation also increases the rate of heart contractions and cardiac output. Increased heart rate is also ... It has been found that if a Cushing reflex occurs, brain plateau wave changes can be erased due to disappearance of high ICP. ... Whenever a Cushing reflex occurs, there is a high probability of death in seconds to minutes. As a result, a Cushing reflex ... The blood pressure can be expected to remain higher than the pressure of the raised cerebral spinal fluid to continue to allow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushing_reflex

... and cardiac output remain higher than normal during immersion. The increased respiratory and cardiac workload causes increased ... During breath-holding, humans also display reduced left ventricular contractility and diminished cardiac output, effects that ... and redistribution of cardiac output occur also in terrestrial animals as a neural response, but the effects are more profound ... but bradycardia reduces the overall cardiac output, particularly due to the diving reflex in breath-hold diving. Bradycardia is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diving_reflex

... the higher the cardiac output. This has been proposed as an explanation of the relationship between high dietary salt intake ... MAP is the average of blood pressure over a cardiac cycle and is determined by the cardiac output (CO), systemic vascular ... The resultant increase in blood volume results in an increased cardiac output by the Frank-Starling law of the heart, in turn ... Most influences on blood pressure can be understood in terms of their effect on cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure

As venous return determines cardiac output, this results in a reduction of cardiac output. If ventilation of the lung on the ... A high body mass index may be associated with a higher risk of diaphragmatic rupture in people involved in vehicle accidents. ... High intrathoracic pressure results in an increase in right atrial pressure, disrupting the filling of the heart and venous ... Since the pressure is higher in the abdominal cavity than the chest cavity, rupture of the diaphragm is almost always ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragmatic_rupture

... can be used in cases of congestive heart failure to increase cardiac output. It is indicated when parenteral therapy ... which could be the result of either organic heart disease or cardiac surgical procedures. Higher doses are not useful with ... increasing contractility and cardiac output. Since it does not act on dopamine receptors to inhibit the release of ... It may also be used in certain types of cardiac stress tests. It is given by IV only, as an injection into a vein or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobutamine

Cardiac output is directly derived from heart rate and stroke volume of the blood; an active microbat can reach a heart rate of ... Insectivorous bats living at high latitudes have to consume prey with higher energetic value than tropical bats. Fruit eating, ... Larger bats tend to use lower frequencies and smaller bats higher for echolocation; high-frequency echolocation is better at ... Because of the high energy demand of flight, the bat's body meets those demands by exchanging gas through the patagium of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat

High oxygen extraction is associated with low cardiac output and decreased mixed venous oxygen saturation. Except during ... The ability of the pulmonary artery catheter to sample mixed venous blood is of great utility to manage low cardiac output ... The concept of using thermodilution to measure cardiac output was originally the idea of Arnost Fronek. As a former colleague ... Regardless of the value obtained by measurements of the cardiac output, the mixed venous oxygen saturation is an accurate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_artery_catheter

This can cause high cardiac output, leading to further complications such as congestive heart failure. This condition affecting ... The multiple lesions on the liver cause arteriovenous shunts, causing high-output heart failure and pulmonary hypertension as ... Liver involvement complications such as high-output heart failure include signs and symptoms such as tachypnea, hepatomegaly, ... A percentage of these hemangiomatosis will result in high-output heart failure. Diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis is classified ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_neonatal_hemangiomatosis

To maintain cardiac output at reduced pressure, the heart rate must be increased. Effects of cardiovascular drift are mainly ... focused around a higher rate of perceived effort (RPE); that is, a person will feel like they are expending more energy when ... "Cardiac Drift and Ironman Performance." Multisport Solutions. N.p., 24 Aug. 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2013. Coyle EF, González-Alonso ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_drift

Indeed, NIRS is able to measure venous oxygen saturation (SVO2), which is determined by the cardiac output, as well as other ... For high precision spectroscopy, wavelength-scanned lasers and frequency combs have recently become powerful sources, albeit ... examining the NIRS provides critical care physicians with an estimate of the cardiac output. NIRS is favoured by patients, ... Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is another NIR medical imaging technique capable of 3D imaging with high resolution on par ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-infrared_spectroscopy

Shepherd, JT; Bowers, D; Wood, EH (May 1955). "Measurement of cardiac output in man by injection of dye at a constant rate into ... Wood, EH (August 1985). "The dream of a dynamic, high-fidelity, synchronous, volumetric imaging system and the road to its ... Hetzel, P; Swan, HJ; Ramirez de Arellano, AA; Wood, EH (July 1958). "Estimation of cardiac output from first part of arterial ... Warner, HR; Wood, EH (September 1952). "Simplified calculation of cardiac output from dye dilution curves recorded by oximeter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_Wood

They do not suppress cardiac output or alter the function of the hemoglobin. Rather, they cause asphyxiation only when present ... "2 - High Altitude Respiratory Physiology". USAF Flight Surgeon's Guide. USAF School of Aerospace Medicine. Archived from the ... Loss of consciousness may be accompanied by convulsions and is followed by cyanosis and cardiac arrest. About seven minutes of ... and nitrogen are inert gases that cause asphyxiation if present in high enough concentration to dilute O2 in the inspired air ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inert_gas_asphyxiation

... in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and severe hepatic vascular malformations and high cardiac output". JAMA ... About 20% are affected by symptomatic digestive tract lesions, although a higher percentage have lesions that do not cause ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hereditary_hemorrhagic_telangiectasia

Dopamine increases myocardial contractility and cardiac output, without changing heart rate, by signaling through dopamine ... At abused (relatively high) doses, stimulants can interfere with working memory and cognitive control ... stimulants act not ... Relatively high doses of dopaminergic stimulants will result in cognitive deficits. D2 short (presynaptic) Category:Dopamine ... Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). "Chapter 13: Higher Cognitive Function and Behavioral Control". In Sydor A, Brown RY ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_receptor

Eventually, a higher cardiac output(or an increased amount of perfusion to organs) will be resulted. Moreover, more renin is ... signaling Gs, thus activate cAMP pathway by recruiting adenylyl cyclase, leading to higher cardiac output, renin release and ... Additionally, the heart rate and contractile force increase when SNS is activated, which may be harmful to cardiac function as ... As a result, a higher intracellular concentration of Calcium is achieved, contributing to smooth muscle contraction and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenergic_blocking_agent

A short cervix preterm is associated with a higher risk for premature delivery: At 24 weeks' gestation, a cervix length of less ... 2007). "A comparison between acoustic output indices in 2D and 3D/4D ultrasound in obstetrics". Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29 ( ... including number of amnionic sacs and chorionic sacs for multiple gestations Fetal cardiac activity Fetal position relative to ... After 13 weeks' gestation, a high accuracy of between 99% and 100% is possible if the fetus does not display intersex external ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetric_ultrasonography

... suffer higher disease burden for chronic conditions including obesity when compared to their higher income counterparts. Higher ... In the developing world, there is a 10 fold increase in cardiac events in the black and urban populations. While cancer affects ... HIV can negatively affect work output, which impacts the ability to generate income. This is crucial in parts of Africa where ... The higher cost can be due to the higher manufacturing price or due to local or regional tax and Value Added Tax. There is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseases_of_poverty

Kovács graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School and earned a B.S. in engineering at Cornell University in 1969. He then ... Kovács spends about half of his time on clinical activities, including performing diagnostic cardiac catheterizations involving ... viscosity/relaxation and chamber stiffness for each E-wave analyzed as output. Investigators at the Karolinska Institutet have ... They then seek to validate the model predictions using human, in vivo physiologic measurements of pressures (high fidelity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sándor_J._Kovács

Set in a far future Earth, where the earth has stopped rotating, the Sun has increased output, and plants are engaged in a ... who had a number of science fiction fans in high places, and so his first science fiction book was published, a collection of ... ", "Cardiac Arrest" (novelette), "In the Arena", "All the World's Tears", "Amen and Out", "The Soft Predicament" (novelette), " ... ", "How High is a Cathedral?", "A Middle Class Dinner", "Flying Singapore Airlines", "The Apology", "Camões", "The Question of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Aldiss

This "sympathoadrenal discharge" causes an increase in heart rate, cardiac output, blood pressure, triglyceride and glucose ... Hypertension, or high blood pressure, has a multitude of possible causes, one of which being the elevated levels of ACTH. ... norepinephrine can also increase glucose levels but at high concentrations. It has even been found that norepinephrine may play ... with hypoglycemia should self-monitor their blood glucose level and can take glucose in the forms of tablets or foods high in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathoadrenal_system

The cardiac output of an athlete is difficult to manipulate during competitions and the distribution of cardiac output is at ... Stored RBCs are then reinfused, usually 1 to 7 days before a high-endurance event. As a significant amount of iron is removed ... depends on cardiac output, O2 extraction and hemoglobin mass. ... a higher concentration in the blood can improve an athlete's ... HBOCs do not contain erythrocytes and lose this interaction, thus, unmodified human HBOC solutions have a very high oxygen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_doping

This way, medical specialists are able to measure both cardiac output and circulating blood volume from outside the body. ... This means GaAS transistors operate at high speeds, making them ideal analogue integrated circuit drivers for high speed lasers ... It is highly effective at matching fibre input-output due to its low index and broad transparency window. For more complex PICs ... For example, a bidirectional spatial mode slicer and combiner can be used to achieve the desired higher or lower-order modes. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonic_integrated_circuit

Jake and Nick that she was having Cardiac arrest episodes and suffering from High output heart failure. Summer comes with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_Newman

... a hemodynamic parameter that relates the cardiac output to a patient's body size. Determination of cardiac output can be done ... as coronary artery bypass grafting may be done at the same time Risk stratification for high cardiac risk surgeries (e.g., ... For example, in aortic valve area calculation the Gorlin equation can be used to calculate the area if the cardiac output, ... Right heart catheterizations also allow the physician to estimate the cardiac output, the amount of blood that flows from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_catheterization

Buderer, MC; Rummel, JA; Sawin, CF; Mauldin, DG (July 1973). "Use of the single-breth method of estimating cardiac output ... High loads were placed on some leg muscles, especially the calf, and fatigue was so rapid that the device could not be used for ... This, the observed diminished stroke volume (cardiac output) is certainly contributory and, in turn, is a reflection of ... For Apollo 15 to 17 missions, cardiac output measurements were obtained by the single-breath technique. Arteriovenous oxygen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiological_effects_in_space

Cardiac output and heart rate also decreased in the MARS group as a consequence of an improvement in the hyperdynamic ... Nevertheless, they are therapies with high complexity that require a complex logistic approach for implementation; a very high ... Today its use is limited to centers with high experience in their application. A bioartificial liver device (BAL) is an ... The researchers were able to demonstrate biocompatibility with human HepG2 cells after high-density growth for 7 days, and with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system

Bullock's life as a neuroscientist began with histological studies of brain degeneration that he performed while still in high ... In one series of famous experiments on the cardiac ganglion in lobsters, Bullock demonstrated that neurons can communicate not ... which he used to explore the neural mechanisms that work together to produce an output in response to a stimulus, both at the ... Without due consideration of the neural and behavioral correlates of differences between higher taxa and between closely ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Holmes_Bullock

In April 2012, the then State President had a cardiac arrest which resulted to his death due to lack of medication both within ... Patients enter into the system at the first tier (primary) and flow to higher tier facilities (secondary, tertiary) as needed. ... Challenges that lead to this shortage are low outputs of medical training institutions, health worker retention, and disease. ... In 2005, Malawi began to implement its emergency human resource program which concentrates on increasing output of trained ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Malawi

The windows of time where the respiratory and cardiac motions are low are very infrequent, leading to high dead times. However ... Specific to motion artifact correction in MRI, the Generator Network takes in an image with motion artifacts, and outputs an ... The fully magnetized protons yield a high signal in comparison with the rest of the surroundings. High velocity flow causes the ... Lack of appropriate high-frequency components leads to an oscillation at a sharp transition known as a ringing artifact. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRI_artifact

Eccentric contractions and cardiac output: With lower cost of oxygen how would eccentric exercise affect the heart? A study was ... Due to the high strain on muscles during eccentric training, coupled with low energy output, eccentric training becomes a ... The high-force and low-cost set of attributes in eccentric exercise makes it ideal for the actively impaired. The entire muscle ... Early, high-force eccentric training can be used to increase muscle strength and volume without damage to the ACL graft, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccentric_training

Another week cardiac output Paulette Acosta, Giselle dancing with the girls and the pace of Tito el Bambino marked the sixth ... Columbus Gredmarie danced and won a trophy in memory and $1.000 for having achieved the highest score from the judges during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuestra_Belleza_Latina_2011

Gas exchange is affected by increases in the dispersion of both alveolar ventilation and cardiac output because bronchial and ... overexpressing transgenic mice exposed to high dose doxycycline. Acute exposure to high concentrations of chlorine gas induces ... Inhalation of high doses of this gas causes lesions in the larynx, trachea, and large bronchi with inflammatory reactions and ... Exposure to high concentrations can cause bronchiolar and alveolar edema and airway destruction resulting in respiratory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_inhalation_injury

The rate of stock growth under him as the Finance Ministry was also at the one of the highest point in the Indian Economic ... On 27 September he suffered cardiac arrest. Singh died at the age of 82 years. His death was triggered as a sign of honour and ... economy of India was one of the fastest growing in the world and one of the leading agricultural nations and second most output ... At that time strong criticism was drawn from Canada on India's actions and its High Commissioner. Sanctions were also imposed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaswant_Singh

... and decreased exercise tolerance are related to rapid heart rate and inefficient cardiac output caused by AF. Furthermore, AF ... In AF, the usual target INR is between 2.0 and 3.0 (a higher target, INR between 2.5 and 3.5, is used in patients with prior ... During cardiac catheterization, a device (such as the Watchman device) consisting of an expandable nitinol frame is introduced ... AF is associated with a reduced quality of life, and while some studies indicate that rhythm control leads to a higher quality ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_atrial_fibrillation

Boothroyd CE, Young MW (2008). "The in(put)s and out(put)s of the Drosophila circadian clock". Annals of the New York Academy ... This is likely due to evolutionary pressures for higher cognitive function compared to the other areas of function examined in ... Martino, Tami A.; Young, Martin E. (June 2015). "Influence of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock on cardiac physiology and ... Blue LED lighting suppresses melatonin production five times more than the orange-yellow high-pressure sodium (HPS) light; a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circadian_rhythm

... in which significant portions of cardiac output are directed to the skin), lowered skinfold thickness (contributes to ... Meanwhile, skin surface temperature has been observed to be higher over active organs rather than those at rest, as well as ... Skin temperature also plays an important role in controlling cooling when exposed to high ambient temperatures. At a given core ... When ambient temperature is high, cutaneous blood flow is increased (vasodilation), facilitating the transfer of internal body ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_temperature

Elevated sympathetic nervous system output Overstimulation from drugs such as caffeine digitalis and catecholamines Cardiac ... In a normal heart beat rhythm, the SA node usually suppresses the ectopic pacemaker activity due to the higher impulse rate of ... Cardiac ectopy Clinical cardiac electrophysiology Electrical conduction system of the heart Phibbs, B. (1963). "Paroxysmal ... It is thus a cardiac pacemaker that is ectopic, producing an ectopic beat. Acute occurrence is usually non-life-threatening, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectopic_pacemaker

... wider capillaries and significantly increased blood volume and cardiac output. Tokyo Sea Life Park holds the only captive fish ... "Comparative population genetics of seven notothenioid fish species reveals high levels of gene flow along ocean currents in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chionodraco_rastrospinosus

Studies have shown higher chances of success in mating with females for males who exhibit death-feigning more frequently than ... Nishino, H. (2004). "Motor output characterizing thanatosis in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus". Journal of Experimental ... "Proven cardiac changes during death-feigning (tonic immobility) in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)". Journal of Comparative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_death

Crustaceans are an important source of food, providing nearly 10,700,000 tons in 2007; the vast majority of this output is of ... The peptide GsMtx-4, found in the venom, has been studied for possible use in cardiac arrhythmia, muscular dystrophy, and ... Around 2000, owing to overfishing and high demand, lobster aquaculture expanded. As of 2008[update], no lobster aquaculture ... Possible medical uses for other spider venoms have been investigated for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, Alzheimer's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropods_in_culture

Either high miR-185 or low miR-133b levels may correlate with metastasis and poor survival in colorectal cancer. Furthermore, ... Baek D, Villén J, Shin C, Camargo FD, Gygi SP, Bartel DP (September 2008). "The impact of microRNAs on protein output". Nature ... van Rooij E, Sutherland LB, Qi X, Richardson JA, Hill J, Olson EN (April 2007). "Control of stress-dependent cardiac growth and ... High-throughput quantification of miRNAs is error prone, for the larger variance (compared to mRNAs) that comes with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroRNA

Turkmenistan has the second-largest oil reserves in the former Soviet Union, generating high revenue for the state. The ... Niyazov continued the old practice of demanding yearly quotas in agricultural output, and then blaming and/or sacking deputy ... Niyazov had publicly announced that he had been taking heart medication for the past few years for an unidentified cardiac ... Gaynor, Kelly Lee (2 October 2017). "Transformations in Turkmen higher education: current opportunities and challenges at a new ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Niyazov

Burke, Gerald, Arlene Halko, Gerald Peskin (1970) Determination of Cardiac Output by Radioisotope Angiography and the Image- ... She attended Visitation High School and Mundelein College. She completed doctoral studies in physics at the University of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arlene_Halko

Some electronic stethoscopes feature direct audio output that can be used with an external recording device, such as a laptop ... Mc Loughlin MJ and Mc Loughlin S. Cardiac auscultation: Preliminary findings of a pilot study using continuous Wave Doppler and ... This raises the frequency bias by shortening the wavelength to auscultate a higher range of physiological sounds. In 1999, ... A 2012 research paper claimed that the stethoscope, when compared to other medical equipment, had the highest positive impact ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stethoscope

High pressure gradient across the aortic valve can be congenital or acquired. A reduction in pressure gradient results in ... 60% to 70% of the heart's output flows through the bypass to the aorta. The load on the heart is markedly reduced, and symptoms ... Cardiac surgery). ... Off‐pump apicoaortic conduit insertion for high‐risk patients ... Aortic Valve Bypass Surgery: Midterm Clinical Outcomes in a High-Risk Aortic Stenosis Population. Circulation 2008; 110:1460- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apicoaortic_Conduit

When does the body need a higher cardiac output?. During exercise, your body may need three or four times your normal cardiac ... Cardiac output is the term that describes the amount of blood your heart pumps each minute. Doctors think about cardiac output ... Why is maintaining cardiac output so important?. Sufficient cardiac output helps keep blood pressure at the levels needed to ... What is a normal cardiac output?. A healthy heart with a normal cardiac output pumps about 5 to 6 litres of blood every minute ...

https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/illnesses-conditions/heart-health-and-stroke/cardiac-output

Roy SB, Bhatia ML, Joseph G. Determinates and distribution of high cardiac output in chronic severe anaemia. Indian Heart ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/3736

Cardiac output. May be normal, low, or high. Mostly decreased, may be low normal ... Cardiac Catheterization. Interestingly, a clue to the diagnosis of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is the inability to ... "High probability" perfusion lung scans in pulmonary venoocclusive disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Nov. 162(5):1974-8. ... A high-probability ventilation-perfusion scan in a patient with pulmonary hypertension does not always indicate a proximal ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1464015-156547/what-is-the-role-of-cardiac-catheterization-in-the-diagnosis-of-pulmonary-veno-occlusive-disease-pvod

Causes of High Output Cardiac Failure. ► 🎬 Drbeen Medical Lectures 📅 3 yea. * 24:50. How Do Batteries Cells Affect Power Tools ... High Output Bi-Colour COB LED Light , Aputure 600X Pro Tests & Review. ► ... a SERIOUS Power Plant! 4 New 400 Amp High Output Alternators for the Tahoe (Unbox & Bracket Fab). ► ... Finding a BLOWN Alternator... Installing & Testing Most POWERFUL High Output Alt in Chevy ASTRO Van. ► ...

https://imperiya.by/show/High+output

However, there was no clinical or hemodynamic evidence of low cardiac output state. Arterial lactate achieved highest values ... of the entire lung parenchyma and might have been perfused by a considerable fraction of the cardiac output, therefore ... Cardiac index was maintained above 2.5 L·min-1·(m2)-1 and dobutamine (8 ± 3 μg·kg-1·min-1) was initiated in 15 patients to ... Computed tomography assessment of lung structure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass ...

https://www.scielo.br/j/bjmbr/a/YbDdpDPKk669tWQX7CLKZQP/?lang=en

High-dose exposures may cause insufficient cardiac output, irregular heartbeat, and conduction abnormalities. ... Continuously monitor cardiac rhythm. Patients who are comatose, hypotensive, or have seizures or cardiac arrhythmias should be ... Cardiac sensitizing agents may be appropriate; however, the use of cardiac sensitizing agents after exposure to certain ... Cardiac sensitizing agents may be appropriate; however, the use of cardiac sensitizing agents after exposure to certain ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/tsp/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=385&toxid=67

... very high (,180 beats per minute [bpm]) and very low (, 80 bpm) heart rates are likely to compromise cardiac output if ... Cardiac output (CO) is the product of heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV) (CO = HR × SV). Neonatal cardiac output depends ... Oxygen delivery to tissues is influenced by cardiac output and blood flow more so than blood pressure; hence, values of blood ... Maintenance of adequate tissue perfusion depends on a combination of three major factors: (1) cardiac output; (2) integrity and ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/979128-overview

Cardiac Output G9.330.553.400.280 G9.330.553.660.124. Cardiac Output, High C23.888.176. Cardiac Output, Low C23.888.192. ... Death, Sudden, Cardiac C14.280.67.441. Decidua A16.759.289 A16.710.289. Deciduoma A16.759.289.500 A16.710.289.500. Defensins ... Edema, Cardiac C23.888.277.197. Egg Yolk A16.631.325 A16.690.325. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome C14.907.934.240 C14.907.454.240. ... High Vocal Center A8.186.211.730.885.105.487.550.484 A8.186.211.730.885.287.249.487.550.484. Hippel-Lindau Disease C10.562.400 ...

https://decs.bvs.br/P/mnchg2008.htm

Cardiac output (CO) was measured with Doppler transthoracic echocardiography. Oxygen delivery was estimated as the product of ... a high incidence of high-grade VGE was detected. Doppler recordings with the Odive were highly correlated with echographic ... Nevertheless, an increase in cardiac output (143.2 ± 36.2% of pre-ascent values, p , 0.001) and oxygen delivery index (120.6 ± ... cardiac output and oxygen delivery. Pre-occlusion vascular diameters increase probably due to the reduction in systemic ...

https://www.researchgate.net/institution/HE2B-Haute-Ecole-Bruxelles-Brabant

... lead ultimately to high-output cardiac failure. Although only 2 (4.4%) of our patients developed clinically apparent high- ... Two pulmonary hypertension specialists (J.R.-L. and A.S.W.) assessed for high-output cardiac failure. The remaining outcomes ... This portosystemic shunting may contribute to the development of hepatic encephalopathy or high-output cardiac failure. To our ... high-output cardiac failure.. There is a plausible biological explanation for why venous ammonia is associated with hepatic HHT ...

https://journals.lww.com/ctg/Fulltext/2020/01000/Ammonia_Predicts_Hepatic_Involvement_and_Pulmonary.1.aspx

Cardiac ventriculography High Impact List of Articles PPts Journals ... Allens Test Arrhythmia Services Arteriography Cardiac Dysrhythmia Cardiac Echo Cardiac ventriculography Cardiology ... Cardiac ventriculography. Cardiac ventriculography is a medical imaging test used to determine a patients cardiac function in ... Hilaris, acknowledging high dental treatment costs, Recommends Periodonta, a dental clinic in Turkey for anyone wishing to get ...

https://www.hilarispublisher.com/scholarly/cardiac-ventriculography-journals-articles-ppts-list-1594.html

... it is reasonable to perform right-heart hemodynamic assessment to verify a patients volume status and cardiac output in order ... Patients with a creatinine ,3.0 mg/dl are at higher risk. Patients with serum creatinine above this value may be considered ... Cardiac Re-synchronization Therapy. Recommendations for cardiac re-synchronization therapy (Class I) include: *1. Potential ... In the decisionmaking process before MCSD implantation other cardiac, non-cardiac and technical factors must be considered. The ...

https://www.jhltonline.org/article/S1053-2498

Palabras clave : High output cardiac failure; Arteriovenous fistula; Parkes Weber syndrome. · resumen en Español , Portugués · ... PICOLINI, Agustín et al. High output cardiac failure by congenital arteriovenous fistula: Parkes Weber Syndrome. Insuf. card. [ ... dilated cardiomyopathy and high output heart failure. With the surgical treatment failure (fistula ligation), we decided the ...

http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1852-38622010000300010&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en

The majority of these patients had normal cardiac output and well-maintained RV function. There may be a higher risk for early ... The majority of these patients had normal cardiac output and well-maintained RV function. There may be a higher risk for early ... The majority of these patients had normal cardiac output and well-maintained RV function. There may be a higher risk for early ... Pediatric cardiac surgery annual,/i>\n,/span>\n,span class=\authors\>MacDonald, M. J., Hanley, F. L., Reddy, V. M.,/span>\n\n ...

https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/malcolm-macdonald

In the Levosimendan to Reduce Mortality in High Risk Cardiac Surgery Patients (CHEETAH) randomized trial, 506 patients with a ... Levosimendan represents a newer class of "inodilators", calcium sensitizers, thought to improve cardiac output without ... Levosimendan for Hemodynamic Support after Cardiac Surgery. Posted on July 27, 2017. by BMJ ... This study challenges prior trials and meta-analyses suggesting a higher rate of survival with levosimendan. Though lower doses ...

https://blogs.bmj.com/heart/2017/07/27/levosimendan-for-hemodynamic-support-after-cardiac-surgery/

This was accompanied by a higher CO and SV. HR was lower at 1 MAC (6%) and SBP was lower at 0.5 MAC (106 ± 7) and 1 MAC (98 ± 7 ... Oras, J., Redfors, B., Shao, Y. et al. Isoflurane attenuates left ventricular akinesia and preserves cardiac output in the Tako ... Isoflurane attenuates left ventricular akinesia and preserves cardiac output in the Tako-tsubo rat model. *J Oras1, ... End-diastolic and end-systolic LV volumes were measured, and stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were calculated. ...

https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/cc13377

This, coupled with an increased heart rate, a cardiac output 40 to 50 percent higher than normal, and the added weight from the ... During pregnancy, theres an increase in maternal blood volume, cardiac output, and heart rate. The arteries dilate to ... High cholesterol, high blood pressure, and smoking are main risk factors for a heart attack and 47 percent of Americans have at ... The researchers found that women who had risk factors were at the highest risk of heart attack. However, its also possible for ...

https://www.healthline.com/health-news/women-having-heart-attacks-during-after-pregnancy

If that happens the higher viral load may increase your risk of cardiac harm in the form of myocarditis, arrhythmias, and heart ... Makadia says."During training, you increase your cardiac output. If youre infected, this could in theory increase the viral ... If that happens the higher viral load may increase your risk of cardiac harm in the form of myocarditis, arrhythmias, and heart ... "During training, you increase your cardiac output. If youre infected, this could in theory increase the viral replication in ...

https://www.ksbw.com/article/exercise-myocarditis-and-covid-19/33840129

RBC survival is shortened resulting in anemia and (potentially) high-output cardiac failure. Other complications can result ... RBC survival is shortened resulting in anemia and (potentially) high-output cardiac failure. Other complications can result ... Hi my name is Here is some feedback about the 5-Minute Clinical Consult web site and the resources provided:. ... Fetal death is thought to occur in 5-10% of cases of fetal infection, with highest risk prior to 20 weeks of gestation (1). ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/116436/all/Parvovirus_B19_Infection

Decreases Cardiac Output. VI. Pharmacokinetics *Prolonged duration of effects. *High Bioavailability after oral ingestion ... Cardiac Electrophysiology Anatomy Resistant Hypertension Medication Causes of Gynecomastia Guanethidine Medication Use in the ...

https://fpnotebook.com/cv/Pharm/Rsrpn.htm

Change From Baseline in Cardiac Output (CO) at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline and Week 24 ]. CO is the volume of blood pumped ... A Study of Sotatercept in Participants With PAH WHO FC III or FC IV at High Risk of Mortality (MK-7962-006/ZENITH) (ZENITH). ... The scores (range: 1-14) can be defined as: low risk as a score of ≤5, intermediate risk as a score of 6 or 7, and high risk as ... The scores (range: 1-14) can be defined as: low risk as a score of ≤5, intermediate risk as a score of 6 or 7, and high risk as ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04896008

This can lead to inadequate cardiac output, or other problems. Cardiomyopathy has many causes, including family history of the ... High Resolution:. Click here for hi-resolution image (15.88 MB) Content Providers(s):. CDC/ Dr. Thomas Hooten. ...

https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=16380

Distribution of cardiac output in high altitude natives. 2015.. *Greene ER. Roach RC. Age- related differences in the ... Distribution of cardiac output in high altitude natives. Proceedings of 11th International Hypoxia Symposia, 1999. ... Distribution of cardiac output in high altitude natives. FASEB 1999;13 (4): A785. ... Cardiac output in neonates with complex congenital heart disease: validation of a simple, portable Doppler method. J Ultrasound ...

https://www.nmhu.edu/our-faculty/dick-greene/

... of the cardiac output. 12:44.070 12:48.710 Cardiac output was--remember what the cardiac output number 12:48.710 12: ... You have to have high 04:32.598 04:36.178 extracellular sodium, low intracellular--high 04:36.177 04:39.917 ... Coming out of the heart, 11:24.965 11:28.195 the cardiac output comes out through the aorta, 11:28.196 11:31.986 and ... 12.320 but the major portion of the cardiac output flows down your 12:12.323 12:16.503 abdominal aorta. There are two main ...

https://oyc.yale.edu/sites/default/files/caption-files/beng100_16_032508.vtt

1990) Death due to high-output cardiac failure in fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma. J Pediatr Surg 25:1287-1291. ... high output cardiac failure, hydrops fetalis, and bladder outlet obstruction.19 ,24-28 Some of these complications can be ... resulting in high output cardiac failure with placentomegaly and non-immune hydrops. If this were true then intervention to ... 1994) The association of sacrococcygeal teratoma with high anorectal and genital malformations. Aust NZ J Surg 64:214-215. ...

https://pmj.bmj.com/content/76/902/754.full

HTS was associated with lower ICP and higher CPP and cardiac output. ... PbtO2, ICP, mean arterial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), central venous pressure and cardiac output were ...

https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/80/8/916

NICO100C is a noninvasive cardiac output amplifier that uses bioimpedance techniques to provide a continuous reading of cardiac ... High Frame Rate Synchronization. Multi-Camera Systems. Upgrade Camera Systems. Face reader. ... Noninvasive Cardiac Output Module records specific parameters associated with cardiac output measurements. It incorporates a ... Cardiac Output. Differential Pressure. Electrodermal. Feedback & Markers. Force. General. Goniometers. Microphone. Output. ...

https://www.biopac.com/product/noninvasive-cardiac-output-module/

We present a case of a young patient with congenital arteriovenous fistula in the right upper limb, which evolves with elephantiasis of the affected limb, dilated cardiomyopathy and high output heart failure. (scielo.org.ar)

Left ventricular dysfunction following cardiac surgery remains a significant perioperative challenge, one often treated with inotropic support, however practice patterns vary widely and there are few outcome data to support a standardized practice. (bmj.com)
One mechanism of compensation associated with left ventricular failure is left ventricular enlargement, which can increase the volume of blood that is ejected from the ventricle, temporarily improving cardiac output . (britannica.com)
Echocardiography showed a severely depressed left ventricular function, with also low values of cardiac output at invasive monitoring. (bmj.com)
Left ventricular mass (LVM) and indexed for body height (LVM/H), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistances (TPR) by ecocardiography were also calculated. (unipa.it)
Sources of cardioembolic embolism include valvular diseases, left ventricular and atrial thrombi, cardiac tumors, and paradoxical emboli, as well as other sources. (medscape.com)
There remains a debate whether the ventricular volume within prolapsing mitral valve (MV) leaflets should be included in the left ventricular (LV) end-systolic volume, and therefore factored in LV stroke volume (SV), in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) assessments. (uea.ac.uk)
Calculating LV SV by including the MVP left ventricular doming volume has a higher consistency with LV SV derived from the 4DF assessment. (uea.ac.uk)

End-diastolic and end-systolic LV volumes were measured, and stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were calculated. (biomedcentral.com)
Dilation is necessary for the dysfunctional ventricle to maintain normal cardiac output and stroke volume (the volume of blood ejected with each contraction). (britannica.com)
High preload or venous pressure may increase stroke volume because it causes more filling of the heart during diastole. (bestessayservices.com)
Increased lung capacity, cardiac output and stroke volume (important for respiratory and cardiovascular fitness! (bq.org.au)
Long-term stay (mean altitude stay of 10.2 months) at high altitude is associated with higher risk of stroke. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
New diagnostic techniques (transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging) have allowed clinicians to better characterize well-established sources of embolism and to discover other potential etiologies of cardioembolic stroke (see the following image). (medscape.com)
Major-risk sources carry a relatively high risk of initial and recurrent stroke convincingly linked to a cardioembolic mechanism. (medscape.com)
the daggers [ † ] indicate emboli originating in the venous circulation or right heart that cause ischemic stroke via abnormal cardiac or pulmonary shunting around the pulmonary capillary bed. (medscape.com)
Generally the pulse wave represents the stroke volume (SV) output or amount of blood that enters the arteries with each ventricular contraction. (thegatheringbaltimore.com)

25%, a preoperative need for intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) support, or post-operative need for support with IABP or high-dose inotropes within 24 hours of cardiopulmonary bypass were randomized 1:1 to receive either levosimendan infusion or placebo plus standard medical therapy in a double-blinded fashion. (bmj.com)
3.Arevalo VN, Bullerwell ML. Methylene Blue as an Adjunct to Treat Vasoplegia in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery Requiring Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Literature Review. (anesthesiaejournal.com)

Levosimendan represents a newer class of "inodilators", calcium sensitizers, thought to improve cardiac output without increasing myocardial oxygen consumption. (bmj.com)
Newer research suggests that high-intensity interval training is another very effective way to improve cardiac output at any age. (therapeuticassociates.com)

Cardiac ventriculography is a medical imaging test used to determine a patient's cardiac function in the right, or more typically, left ventricle. (hilarispublisher.com)
Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) can help to determine whether the cardiac output and oxygen delivery is high enough to meet a patient's needs. (lhsc.on.ca)
Simply put, radiation dose and image quality must be compared in every patient and not just between patient groups, because discrepancies in the patient's shape, cardiac output, lesion pathology, and other factors are highly individualized, they wrote. (auntminnie.com)
1992) proposed, for veterinary cardiac patients, a method for assessment which is based on information from the patient's clinical status, that is easy to implement and can be widely used. (vin.com)

pulmonary edema, which may be immediate or delayed, can occur after exposure to high concentrations. (cdc.gov)
The most well-known clinical presentation of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) starts with an influenzalike stage, with high fever, myalgia, asthenia, and after a prodromal period of 2 to 7 days, dyspnea, respiratory failure, and hemodynamic instability. (cdc.gov)
It is a systemic disease defined as a cardiac dysfunction that causes insufficient blood supply to meet tissue metabolic needs, under normal pulmonary venous return, or only after high filling pressures(1). (bvsalud.org)
Some researchers postulate this decreased medial muscular layer is caused by a higher oxygen tension of the blood perfusing the fetal pulmonary circulation. (medscape.com)
First determine whether the setting in which the event occurred, or associated symptoms or signs, suggests a direct result of a disease requiring prompt attention, such as hypoglycemia , meningitis , head trauma , cardiac arrhythmia , or acute pulmonary embolism . (mhmedical.com)

Despite this, over 70,000 IABP insertions are undertaken annually in the United States alone, with an incidence of between 5-10% amongst all patients undergoing cardiac surgery. (biomedcentral.com)

Among women who developed a heart attack during or immediately following pregnancy, the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.5 percent, a figure that's surprisingly high considering that this is an otherwise low-risk population of young women of childbearing age," Smilowitz said. (healthline.com)
This is a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate sotatercept when added to maximum tolerated background PAH therapy on time to first event of all-cause death, lung transplantation, or PAH worsening related hospitalization of ≥24 hours, in participants with WHO FC IV PAH or WHO FC III PAH at high risk of mortality. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Participants with symptomatic PAH (WHO FC III or FC IV at high risk of mortality) who present with idiopathic or heritable PAH, PAH associated with connective tissue diseases (CTD), drug- or toxin-induced, post-shunt correction PAH, or PAH presenting at least 1 year following the correction of congenital heart defect. (clinicaltrials.gov)
However, workers with high physical work demands (often low and semi-skilled workers) are well known to have an elevated incidence of cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. (cdc.gov)
Recent studies have surprisingly found instead that high physical activity at work actually increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. (cdc.gov)
The high occurrence of ischemia in certain studies is possibly related to the lower mortality rate. (biomedcentral.com)
Heart Failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive syndrome associated to hospital readmissions, low quality of life, risk for early mortality that generates high costs for the health system. (bvsalud.org)
Despite the benefits obtained with the evolution in the treatment of HF, this syndrome is still responsible for high mortality rates and decreased functional capacity of sufferers(1-2). (bvsalud.org)
Those who experience pre-existing or current active cardiac disease, orthopedic surgery or cardiac surgery have been initially shown to have higher risk and mortality with more restricted transfusion goals. (criticalcarenow.com)
Objective: In spite of the progress in antimicrobial and surgical therapy, infective endocarditis (IE) is still associated with a high morbidity and mortality. (fu-berlin.de)
Postinfarct ventricular septal defect (PIVSD) is associated with high mortality and the management of these patients has been a challenge with little improvement in outcomes. (lww.com)

Exclusion criteria were known heart failure or cardiac abnormality on echocardiography or other imaging. (monash.edu)

The heart can fail in either of the two phases of the cardiac cycle -- contraction ( systole ) and rest ( diastole ). (howstuffworks.com)
During a systole phase, cardiac output refers to the combined amount of output of both the left ventricle and the right ventricle. (bestessayservices.com)
The heart pumps more blood during the systole phase when there is higher contractility. (bestessayservices.com)
The cardiac cycle refers to all of the events that occur from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next and can be divided into two parts: a period of relaxation known as diastole and a period of contraction known as systole. (thegatheringbaltimore.com)
Systole is the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle, and diastole is the relaxation phase. (thegatheringbaltimore.com)
The phase of cardiac cycle in which the auricles contract is called Auricular Systole. (thegatheringbaltimore.com)

Acute hypoxia causes an increase in heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output. (marinemedicalsociety.in)

Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is an acute cardiac syndrome with regional hypokinesia in the left ventricle (LV), often affecting the apex causing apical ballooning. (biomedcentral.com)
This new updated edition of the textbook continues to comprehensively approach all the different issues relating to intensive and acute cardiovascular care and addresses all those involved in intensive and acute cardiac care, not only cardiologists but also critical care specialists, emergency physicians and healthcare professionals. (harperandharley.org)

Receptors located in the large arteries and the kidneys are sensitive to alterations in cardiac function. (britannica.com)
In 1972, Aoyagi was investigating a noninvasive cardiac output device and discovered that arterial pulsatile "noise" interfering with the accurate dye dilution curve contains important information about the oxygenation of blood in a person's arteries. (ieee.org)

Critically ill patients in the emergency department (ED) have shorter safe apnoea times due to physiological distress from decreased cardiac output, increased shunting and. (annals.edu.sg)
The physiological mechanism responsible for this BP increase is a higher cardiac output (CO), but not a higher total peripheral resistance (TPR). (immramainstitute.com)

Once the heart has sufficient resting phase or diastole, the output volume increases. (bestessayservices.com)

PbtO 2 , ICP, mean arterial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), central venous pressure and cardiac output were monitored continuously. (bmj.com)
Decreased after-load or the arterial blood pressure may also cause an increase in the cardiac output because it reduces the input resistance that the heart has to overcome while pumping blood to the vasculature. (bestessayservices.com)
The heart is required to work harder against the pressure gradient when there is higher arterial pressure in order to pump blood into the body system. (bestessayservices.com)
High tolerance of progressive elastic compression in peripheral arterial disease. (sigvaris.com)
Tissues begin to remove or extract a higher percentage of oxygen from the arterial blood. (lhsc.on.ca)
PWV were slightly higher in COVID-19patients and increased arterial stiffness was not significantly associated with COVID-19status in the acute phase of infection. (bvsalud.org)

This edition includes new chapters such as low cardiac output states and cardiogenic shock, and pacemaker and ICDs: troubleshooting and chapters have been extensively revised. (harperandharley.org)

2020 Wolfe Ridge 35 High Output Commercial Log Splitter tour! (imperiya.by)
This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 15 August 2020 . (altmetric.com)

BP depends on cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. (who.int)
Vasoplegic syndrome (VS) is defined as a syndrome of low systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in the presence of normal or high cardiac output 1-4 . (anesthesiaejournal.com)

CHF occurs when the flow of blood from the heart ( cardiac output ) decreases, or fluid backs-up behind the failing ventricle, or both. (howstuffworks.com)
The carbon-dioxide carrying capacity of hemoglobin decreases with increasing oxygen pressure causing increased quantities of carbon-dioxide dissolved in the tissues and higher tissue acidity. (cdc.gov)
If SvO2 decreases, it indicates that the tissues are extracting a higher percentage of oxygen from the blood than normal. (lhsc.on.ca)

Pressure changes caused by normal breathing and higher pressure in the veins help blood flow to the lungs. (achaheart.org)
[8] Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) DVT of calf veins was similarly demonstrated in Pakistani soldiers staying at high altitude for a prolonged period of time. (marinemedicalsociety.in)

Systemic derangements may occur with exfoliative dermatitis, including peripheral edema, increased insensible fluid losses, disturbed thermoregulation, and high-output heart failure. (medscape.com)
DESIGN: Renal haemodynamics and function, salt-regulating hormones and structural cardiac parameters were evaluated in 20 lean normotensives and in 64 obese subjects with central or peripheral fat distribution, 43 of them were normotensives and 21 of them were hypertensives. (unipa.it)

Also, as the elderly population increases, there are more people at high risk of developing CHF. (howstuffworks.com)
Cardiac output increases when the heart rate increases . (bestessayservices.com)
This is because the cardiac muscle increases the ejection force of the heart. (bestessayservices.com)
Cardiac output increases because the heart is allowed to pump out more blood volume. (bestessayservices.com)
With exercise, the requirement for cardiac output increases, and RV pressure proportionately rises until it exceeds the capacity of the RV muscle. (medscape.com)

During exercise, your body may need three or four times your normal cardiac output, because your muscles need more oxygen when you exert yourself. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Generally speaking, your heart beats both faster and stronger to increase cardiac output during exercise. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Not only does moderate, regular activity keep your immune system strong, but it also helps prevent the underlying conditions that might increase your risk of more severe coronavirus complications such as obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes.Specifically, research finds that regular exercise may reduce the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a potentially deadly complication that affects between 3 and 17% of people who come down with COVID-19. (ksbw.com)
This acute compensatory mechanism, called the Frank-Starling mechanism (named for German physiologist Otto Frank and British physiologist Ernest Henry Starling ), may be sufficient in patients with mild heart failure who only require ventricular compensation during exercise , when demand for cardiac output is high. (britannica.com)
Determination of τV˙ o 2 with sufficiently high confidence has typically required multiple exercise transitions limiting its clinical application. (bmj.com)
16 , 18 - 21 Because the cardiac response to exercise is an important determinant of outcome in patients with cardiomyopathy 22 , 23 , and because SVRI reflects SV at two standardized points during exercise, we reasoned that decreased SVRI would predict clinical deterioration more accurately than currently used CPET parameters. (medrxiv.org)
This includes doing four one-minute intervals of high-intensity (100 percent max heart rate) exercise three times per week. (therapeuticassociates.com)
1. Chronotropic competence is defined by the Model of the Cardiac Chronotropic Response to Exercise. (bostonscientific.com)
Wilkoff B, Corey J, Blackburn G. A mathematical model of the cardiac chronotropic response to exercise. (bostonscientific.com)

The extremely high frequency of hemoglobin disorders compared with other monogenic diseases reflects natural selection mediated by the relative resistance of carriers against Plasmodium falciparum malaria with a high frequency of consanguineous marriages in many countries. (nature.com)
In many endemic countries, however, considerable work, financial backing, and political commitment are still needed to effectively address the control of these disorders and to guarantee affected patients all the opportunities available for those with thalassemia who were born in high-income countries. (nature.com)
A total of thirty nine patients were admitted for acute coronary syndrome, twenty two patients were admitted for thrombosis-related disorders including deep venous thrombosis and cerebro-vascular accidents and twelve patients were admitted with acute high altitude related illness. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
More than 20 specific cardiac disorders have been implicated in leading to brain embolism. (medscape.com)
Such disorders have a higher prevalence among women and previous studies have shown that there is a consistent association between SES and depression, and between SES and SSRI-use. (uit.no)

Eighteen non-hypoxemic patients (15 men and 3 women) with normal cardiac function scheduled for CABG under CPB were studied. (scielo.br)
In the remaining 47 postoperative patients, all have remained free of cardiac symptoms and no one has experienced a sudden death event.The surgical treatment of AAOCA is safe and appears to be highly effective in eliminating ischemic symptoms. (stanford.edu)
Though lower doses of the study drug were employed in this trial, leaving open the door for further study on dose-response relationships, these data clearly represent a setback when it comes to management of higher-risk cardiovascular surgery patients. (bmj.com)
Although the efficacy of compression therapy through knee-length compression stockings with an interface pressure of 18-21 mmHg for leg edemas has been confirmed by many studies, 91% of patients are still treated with a higher interface pressure. (sigvaris.com)
A pseudoinfluenza course was understood to mean that the patients had a high fever, myalgia, headache, asthenia, and usually no rhinorrhea. (cdc.gov)
It can be very useful if measured before and after changes are made to cardiac medications or mechanical ventilation, particularly in unstable patients. (lhsc.on.ca)
In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is shown to have lower survival1 and a higher proportion of survivors on maintenance. (annals.edu.sg)
In addition, young patients with Paget disease and those with high levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) are often treated to avoid future complications. (medscape.com)
[ 37 ] In patients in whom this was insufficient to suppress disease activity, application of a higher dose was sometimes more effective. (medscape.com)
The timing of administration of methylene blue is debatable, being that it is commonly given postoperatively, but the literature favors earlier administration in high-risk patients that will be placed on CPB 2-5 . (anesthesiaejournal.com)
None of the patients were natives of high-altitude areas. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
However there were fewer patients with low postoperative cardiac index in S group (11% in S vs 35% in control group, P (bvsalud.org)
Goldberg et al [ 9 ] argue that complication rates after failed attempts are possibly equal or higher than those of the patients with a successful IABP insertion. (biomedcentral.com)
They reported a higher consequential complication rate in patients that underwent unsuccessful surgical interventions. (biomedcentral.com)
And as expected, image noise increased by about 41% between full- and half-dose images for both single- and dual-source scans, a finding that is in line with current understanding that dose requirements for larger patients are not linear -- and thus these patients require higher dose settings. (auntminnie.com)
That is the reason why, in some cases, patients are clinically compensated (not necessarily due to the effect of drugs), besides having significant impairment of cardiac function. (vin.com)
Clinicians must be properly trained and centres appropriately equipped in order to deal with these critically ill cardiac patients. (harperandharley.org)
We take pride in looking beyond typical treatments to find our patients a solution that not only makes their particular preferences paramount, but also delivers high-quality care. (uchicagokidshospital.org)
We are one of the few hospitals with a bloodless cardiac surgery program that performs blood free heart transplants and ventricular assist device surgery for congestive heart failure patients, in addition to having a bloodless kidney transplantation program. (uchicagokidshospital.org)
Our multidisciplinary team is led by one the most respected cardiac surgeons in the country, and we have saved hundreds of patients who desperately needed heart surgery. (uchicagokidshospital.org)
The expert team of cardiac surgeons, anesthesiologists and hematologists is committed to offering alternative therapies for "no blood" patients with heart disease that enable them to return to active, full lives. (uchicagokidshospital.org)
Bloodless cardiac surgery is a safe alternative for patients who have serious heart conditions but cannot or choose not to receive any blood or blood products (red cells, white cells, plasma or platelets). (uchicagokidshospital.org)

In severe cases, high-output cardiac failure may occur. (medscape.com)
Hepatic involvement in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is common and can be associated with severe clinical consequences, including portal hypertension, cardiac failure, and encephalopathy. (lww.com)
Regardless of underlying etiology, heart failure may be associated with an abnormal sequence of ventricular contractions, referred to as cardiac or ventricular dyssynchrony. (jhltonline.org)
Cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure. (jhltonline.org)
High output cardiac failure by congenital arteriovenous fistula: Parkes Weber Syndrome. (scielo.org.ar)
High-output heart failure Cardiac output is normal or a little bit high, but demand for blood flow is abnormally high (hyperthyroidism, anemia, severe infections). (howstuffworks.com)
Low-output failure Cardiac output is low, but demand for blood flow is normal. (howstuffworks.com)
Low-output failure is more common than high-output failure. (howstuffworks.com)
Although the etiology and pathophysiology of PAH and PVH are distinct, they are similar in that both cause elevated PA pressure that inevitably leads to right ventricular (RV) dilation and remodeling, followed by RV failure and death if RV compensation can no longer sustain normal cardiac function. (clevelandclinicmeded.com)
In time, compensatory changes of the heart can lead to pathological form of high cardiac output and eventual HEART FAILURE . (bvsalud.org)

Atrial myxoma , * cardiac sarcoma , endocardial fibroelastoma, and metastatic disease are associated with cardiac tumors and cardioembolic emboli. (medscape.com)

Despite greater awareness of PAH, the current median interval from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis remains unacceptably high at 13.6 months, unchanged from the 1980s. (clevelandclinicmeded.com)

A state of elevated cardiac output due to conditions of either increased hemodynamic demand or reduced cardiac oxygen output. (bvsalud.org)

IMSEAR at SEARO: Determinates and distribution of high cardiac output in chronic severe anaemia. (who.int)
People with high physical work demands - being occupationally physical active for several hours per day, 5 days per week - might therefore expect to live a long life, free from chronic diseases. (cdc.gov)
Since childhood, excess weight can predispose individuals to chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as dyslipidemia, type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and high blood pressure (HBP) 3 . (bvsalud.org)

Increased oxygen pressure causes vasoconstriction and reduces cardiac output, which can reduce removal of dissolved gas from the tissues during decompression. (cdc.gov)

Cardiac ventriculography involves injecting contrast media into the heart's ventricle(s) to measure the volume of blood pumped. (hilarispublisher.com)

It can result from pancerebral hypoperfusion caused by vasovagal reflexes, orthostatic hypotension, or decreased cardiac output, or from selective hypoperfusion of the brainstem resulting from vertebrobasilar ischemia. (mhmedical.com)

Systolic blood pressure values were higher observed in individuals with severe obesity and increased waist circumference, as well as those of the male sex and in the group of adolescents. (bvsalud.org)
The high systolic blood pressure was associated with adolescents with severe obesity. (bvsalud.org)

Sufficient cardiac output helps keep blood pressure at the levels needed to supply oxygen-rich blood to your brain and other vital organs. (healthlinkbc.ca)
High cholesterol, high blood pressure, and smoking are main risk factors for a heart attack and 47 percent of Americans have at least one risk factor. (healthline.com)
With older women - especially those with risk factors - this might not just be revealed with issues like high blood pressure or elevated sugars, but could be manifested with an actual heart attack," Dr. Suzanne Steinbaum, director of Women's Cardiovascular Prevention, Health and Wellness at Mt. Sinai Heart, told Healthline. (healthline.com)
Another potential mechanism is daily prolonged elevated blood pressure from occupational physical activities like pulling, pushing, lifting and working with the hands lifted to shoulder height or higher, as well as high static peaks in blood pressure from heavy lifting. (cdc.gov)
CBD and Blood Pressure: Can It Reduce High BP? (greencamp.com)
High blood pressure is a very serious health condition, so if you're planning to implement CBD in your regimen, the doses have to be greater compared to less-debilitating conditions such as anxiety or insomnia , for instance. (greencamp.com)
To solve this problem, rapid pacing has been used to decrease cardiac output and blood pressure for a few seconds and prevent excessive motion of the stent during deployment. (org.ir)
to evaluate the prevalence of high blood pressure in fat or overweight children and adolescents and its associated factors. (bvsalud.org)
The systolic and diastolic blood pressure were considered high when equal or higher than 90th percentile. (bvsalud.org)
The majority of children and adolescents (70.5 %) had high blood pressure: 6% showed an increase only in the systolic blood pressure, 33% in diastolic blood pressure and 31.5 % in both. (bvsalud.org)
Among those who had high blood pressure, the normal maximum limit of the systolic blood pressure was observed in the 50th percentile and for the diastolic in the 75th percentile. (bvsalud.org)
The high prevalence of high blood pressure observed in this study indicates the need to implement policies and actions oriented towards the prevention and control of obesity and its co-morbidities, as the case of high blood pressure. (bvsalud.org)
When present in overweight children and adolescents, high blood pressure (BP) may have values from two to six times higher than those found in eutrophic children and adolescents, with variations between 28.7% and 46.4%, respectively, for overweight and obesity 6,7 . (bvsalud.org)
Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of high blood pressure and associated factors in overweight children and adolescents. (bvsalud.org)

The body in all of its wonderful aspects will compensate for the fall in blood levels by increasing cardiac output (as long as that is not impaired) in order to increase oxygen delivery and extraction at the site of the tissues. (criticalcarenow.com)

The cardiac cycle refers to the alternating contraction and relaxation of the myocardium in the walls of the heart chambers, coordinated by the conduction system, during one heartbeat. (thegatheringbaltimore.com)

During pregnancy, there's an increase in maternal blood volume, cardiac output, and heart rate. (healthline.com)
The cardiac output is increased in an effort to increase the amount of oxygen being delivered to the tissues as shown below. (lhsc.on.ca)
The ECG showed poorly significant ST-segment changes, with a minimal increase of cardiac biomarkers. (bmj.com)
Other important actions of thyroid hormones include a generalized increase in protein turnover (i.e. breakdown and synthesis), an increase in cardiac output caused by the enhancement of the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) at β-adrenoceptors (Chapters 7 and 49), and a strong lipolytic effect that arises from the potentiation of responses to cortisol, glucagon, growth hormone and adrenaline. (pediagenosis.com)

Lifestyle factors may also be contributing to higher rates of obesity and diabetes, which are known risk factors for heart attacks. (healthline.com)

What is a normal cardiac output? (healthlinkbc.ca)
A healthy heart with a normal cardiac output pumps about 5 to 6 litres of blood every minute when a person is resting. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Each leg of the AC supply has a safety fuse with a rating just higher than the maximum normal operating current of the bath. (flukecal.com)

SVRI 128% or less was the best predictor (OR 6.69, p=0.001), followed by an invasively determined resting cardiac index 2 L/min/m 2 or less (OR 3.18, p=0.02), and peak VO 2 below the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) cut-off (OR 4.15, p=0.01). (medrxiv.org)

Thyroid receptors are present in almost all tissues, with particularly high levels in the liver and low levels in the spleen and testes. (pediagenosis.com)

50 years who suffer from diseases at high altitude were admitted in the ICU of the hospital during the study period. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
The prevalent diseases among soldiers of less than 50 years of age in the ICU of the hospital may have been caused due to the adverse environmental condition at high altitude. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
The International Society for Mountain Medicine has defined high altitude as 1500-3500 m, very high altitude as 3500-5500 m, and extreme altitude as 5500 m above MSL. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
[1] Staying at high altitude and exposure to low barometric pressure and partial pressure of oxygen cause hypoxemia. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
[9] It has been demonstrated that strokes formed 13.7/1000 of hospital admissions from high altitude area, compared to 1.05/1000 in nonhigh altitude area. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
in addition to impairment in oxygen transport capacity, high altitude exposure impairs the homeostatic regulation of immune balance (ie. (gradebuddy.com)

One crucial step for successful stenting of coarctation is accurate positioning of the stent across the lesion, which is difficult due to high pressure blood flow at the site of the coarct. (org.ir)

Volume overload: Mainly concerned in elderly, pediatrics and those with reduced cardiac function. (criticalcarenow.com)
Thus, a method for cardiac patient classification which considers quantitative data of the cardiac function, based on echocardiographic examination, could result in more accurate prognostic information. (vin.com)

Quantitative study conducted in a cardiac emergency service of a university of Pernambuco, between October 2014 and February 2015. (bvsalud.org)

Cardiac output refers to the amount or volume of the blood that the heart pumps through the right or left ventricle in an interval of a single minute. (bestessayservices.com)

Improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness requires physical activity involving large muscle groups at a relatively high level of intensity (>60% of maximal heart rate or maximal oxygen consumption), with continuous duration of at least 3 min. (cdc.gov)

Methylene blue is used to treat vasoplegic syndrome (VS) when higher dose vasopressors are ineffective. (anesthesiaejournal.com)

Fetal death is thought to occur in 5-10% of cases of fetal infection, with highest risk prior to 20 weeks of gestation ( 1 ). (unboundmedicine.com)

The researchers found that women who had risk factors were at the highest risk of heart attack. (healthline.com)
It's just not clear that the path to health is paved with health risk appraisals, biometrics, and cost-shifting the burden of higher premiums on to the backs of people who, for whatever reason, could not master the four fundamental tasks written at the beginning of this piece. (thehealthcareblog.com)
Chung agrees, pointing to research that finds elite athletes - especially those in middle age - often are at increased risk of disturbed heart rhythms, despite their high fitness level. (uofmhealth.org)
Dividing cardiac sources of emboli into major- and minor-risk categories is clinically useful (see below). (medscape.com)
Women who develop peripartum cardiomyopathy are at high risk of developing the same problem with future pregnancies. (medlineplus.gov)

However, a rise in SvO2 in the presence of a rising lactate is inappropriate - the patient who has resorted to anaerobic metabolism (third compensation) should have evidence of a high cardiac output and increased extraction. (lhsc.on.ca)
Activity patterns at leisure are dynamic contractions of large muscle groups with relatively high intensity and low duration (often less than 1.5 hour), increasing whole body metabolism and cardiac output. (cdc.gov)

If the microprocessor has a cardiac arrest or slips into a coma, a possibility if there happens to be a large nearby static-electric discharge for instance, the watchdog will force a reset of the microprocessor in an attempt to revive it. (flukecal.com)

There is 30% chance of fetal transmission with acute maternal infection- this may be higher during epidemic outbreaks. (unboundmedicine.com)

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Anatomy26

Organisms9

Diseases42

Chemicals and Drugs39

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment80

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Information Science2

Health Care13

High and low pulmonary vascular resistance in heart transplant candidates. A 5-year follow-up after heart transplantation shows continuous reduction in resistance and no difference in complication rate. (1/22)

Automated cardiac output measurements by ultrasound are inaccurate at high cardiac outputs. (2/22)

Liver disease in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. (3/22)

Crow-Fukase syndrome associated with high-output heart failure. (4/22)

Comparison of bedside measurement of cardiac output with the thermodilution method and the Fick method in mechanically ventilated patients. (5/22)

High output heart failure 8 months after an acquired arteriovenous fistula. (6/22)

Equipment review: an appraisal of the LiDCO plus method of measuring cardiac output. (7/22)

Vasoplegic syndrome after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: an unusual complication. (8/22)

Cardiac Output

Thermodilution

Hemodynamics

Myocytes, Cardiac

Cardiac Output, Low

Heart

Vascular Resistance

Heart Rate

Blood Pressure

Dye Dilution Technique

Cardiac Output, High

Cardiac Surgical Procedures

Cardiography, Impedance

Stroke Volume

Arrhythmias, Cardiac

Dogs

Oxygen Consumption

Regional Blood Flow

Catheterization, Swan-Ganz

Heart Function Tests

Death, Sudden, Cardiac

Myocardial Contraction

Pulmonary Circulation

Cardiac Catheterization

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial

Heart Failure

Blood Circulation

Blood Volume

Heart Ventricles

Monitoring, Physiologic

Myocardium

Heart Diseases

Time Factors

Cardiac Tamponade

Ventricular Function, Left

Echocardiography

Cardiomegaly

Indicator Dilution Techniques

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena

Oxygen

Central Venous Pressure

Electrocardiography

Physical Exertion

Cardiac Volume

Heart Arrest

Carbon Dioxide

Cardiotonic Agents

Models, Cardiovascular

Blood Flow Velocity

Pulmonary Artery

Blood Gas Analysis

Exercise Test

Cardiomyopathies

Echocardiography, Doppler

Pulmonary Wedge Pressure

Cardiovascular System

Ventricular Function

Coronary Circulation

Respiration

Pulmonary Gas Exchange

Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Norepinephrine

Blood Volume Determination

Heart Defects, Congenital

Fetal Heart

Reproducibility of Results

Hypotension

Splanchnic Circulation

Prospective Studies

Myocardial Infarction

Heart Transplantation

Ventricular Remodeling

Monitoring, Intraoperative

Plethysmography, Impedance

Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Exercise

Myoblasts, Cardiac

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Swine

Treatment Outcome