A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in which the nucleus is pressed to one side by a cytoplasmic droplet of mucus. It usually arises in the gastrointestinal system.
An adenocarcinoma producing mucin in significant amounts. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.
Tumors or cancer of the APPENDIX.
The pit in the center of the ABDOMINAL WALL marking the point where the UMBILICAL CORD entered in the FETUS.
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)
The occurrence of highly polymorphic mono- and dinucleotide MICROSATELLITE REPEATS in somatic cells. It is a form of genome instability associated with defects in DNA MISMATCH REPAIR.
Excision of the whole (total gastrectomy) or part (subtotal gastrectomy, partial gastrectomy, gastric resection) of the stomach. (Dorland, 28th ed)
A large group of diseases which are characterized by a low prevalence in the population. They frequently are associated with problems in diagnosis and treatment.
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
High molecular weight mucoproteins that protect the surface of EPITHELIAL CELLS by providing a barrier to particulate matter and microorganisms. Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface.
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.
A raf kinase subclass found at high levels in neuronal tissue. The B-raf Kinases are MAP kinase kinase kinases that have specificity for MAP KINASE KINASE 1 and MAP KINASE KINASE 2.
Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.
Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They are important in the formation of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS between cells. Cadherins are classified by their distinct immunological and tissue specificities, either by letters (E- for epithelial, N- for neural, and P- for placental cadherins) or by numbers (cadherin-12 or N-cadherin 2 for brain-cadherin). Cadherins promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism as in the construction of tissues and of the whole animal body.
The region between the sharp indentation at the lower third of the STOMACH (incisura angularis) and the junction of the PYLORUS with the DUODENUM. Pyloric antral glands contain mucus-secreting cells and gastrin-secreting endocrine cells (G CELLS).
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the gastrointestinal tract.
Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Small, monomeric GTP-binding proteins encoded by ras genes (GENES, RAS). The protooncogene-derived protein, PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN P21(RAS), plays a role in normal cellular growth, differentiation and development. The oncogene-derived protein (ONCOGENE PROTEIN P21(RAS)) can play a role in aberrant cellular regulation during neoplastic cell transformation (CELL TRANSFORMATION, NEOPLASTIC). This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.
The loss of one allele at a specific locus, caused by a deletion mutation; or loss of a chromosome from a chromosome pair, resulting in abnormal HEMIZYGOSITY. It is detected when heterozygous markers for a locus appear monomorphic because one of the ALLELES was deleted.
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.
Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.
Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.
A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.
A copper-containing dye used as a gelling agent for lubricants, for staining of bacteria and for the dyeing of histiocytes and fibroblasts in vivo.
A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

Signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach: a clinicopathological comparison with the other histological types. (1/223)

A retrospective analysis was carried out on 93 patients with signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach operated on between 1985 and 1995, to review the clinicopathologic characteristics from the database of gastric cancer at Sendai National Hospital. The results were compared with those for 590 patients with other types of gastric carcinoma. Women were afflicted as commonly as men in the signet ring cell carcinoma group. These patients tended to be younger and to have larger tumors. The histological type was commonly scirrhous and infiltrative. The survival of patients with signet ring cell carcinoma was worse than that of patients with other types of gastric cancer but the difference was not statistically significant. Patients with early signet ring cell carcinoma had a good prognosis, similar to that of the other groups. However, prognosis of patients with advanced signet ring cell carcinoma was poor compared with patients with other types of this disease. In multivariate analysis, the statistical significant prognostic factors were vascular microinvasion and tumor location. These findings suggest that signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach should be regarded as a distinct type of gastric cancer.  (+info)

alpha-catenin-deficient F9 cells differentiate into signet ring cells. (2/223)

It has been demonstrated that alpha-catenin is frequently lost in diffuse type adenocarcinomas. We have isolated alpha-catenin-deficient mouse teratocarcinoma F9 cells by gene targeting. Wild-type F9 cell aggregates cultured in the presence of retinoic acid differentiated into embryoid bodies with an outer layer of epithelial cells. In contrast, cell aggregates of alpha-catenin-deficient cells did not develop outer layers under the same conditions. The outer surface cells of alpha-catenin-deficient cell aggregates, however, differentiated into epithelial cells as determined by their expression of epithelial marker proteins. These differentiated cells scattered from aggregates and showed signet ring cell morphology, which is frequently observed in diffuse type adenocarcinomas. We have provided clear evidence that a single mutation in the alpha-catenin gene may be a direct cause not only of the scattered properties of cells but also of signet ring cell formation in diffuse type adenocarcinoma.  (+info)

Chylothorax, chylopericardium and lymphoedema--the presenting features of signet-ring cell carcinoma. (3/223)

This report describes a patient with chylous pleural and pericardial effusions in conjunction with severe lymphoedema resembling elephantiasis. The chylous effusions and generalized lymphoedema were associated with a signet-ring cell carcinoma.  (+info)

Identification of natural antigenic peptides of a human gastric signet ring cell carcinoma recognized by HLA-A31-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (4/223)

Peptides of human melanomas recognized by CD8+ CTLs have been identified, but the nature of those of nonmelanoma tumors remains to be elucidated. Previously, we established a gastric signet ring cell carcinoma HST-2 and HLA-A31 (A*31012)-restricted autologous CTL clone, TcHST-2. In the present study, we determined the natural antigenic peptides of HST-2 cells. The purified preparation of acid-extracted Ags was submitted to the peptide sequencer, and one peptide, designated F4.2 (Tyr-Ser-Trp-Met-Asp-Ile-Ser-Cys-Trp-Ile), appeared to be immunogenic. To confirm the antigenicity of F4.2 further, we constructed an expression minigene vector (pF4.2ss) coding adenovirus E3, a 19-kDa protein signal sequence plus F4.2. An introduction of pF4.2ss minigene to HST-2 and HLA-A31(+) allogeneic tumor cells clearly enhanced and induced the TcHST-2 reactivity, respectively. Furthermore, when synthetic peptides of F4.2 C-terminal-deleted peptides were pulsed to HST-2 cells, F4.2-9 (nonamers), but not F4.2-8 or F4.2-7 (octamer or heptamer, respectively), enhanced the reactivity of TcHST-2, suggesting that the N-terminal ninth Trp might be a T cell epitope. This was confirmed by lack of antigenicity when using synthetic substituted peptides as well as minigenes coding F4.2 variant peptides with Ala or Arg at the ninth position of F4.2. Meanwhile, it was indicated that the sixth position Ile was critically important for the binding to HLA-A31 molecules. Thus, our data indicate that F4.2 may work as an HLA-A31-restricted natural antigenic peptide recognized by CTLs.  (+info)

Eradication diminishes enhancing effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on glandular stomach carcinogenesis in Mongolian gerbils. (5/223)

To investigate the nature of the link between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and stomach carcinogenesis, a study of the glandular stomach of Mongolian gerbils (MGs) was performed. MGs were treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), followed by inoculation with Hp (groups 1 and 2) or without Hp (group 3), or infected with Hp (groups 4 and 5) or inoculation without Hp (group 6) followed by MNU administration. At week 21, the animals in groups 2 and 5 underwent an eradication procedure. At week 50, the incidences of adenocarcinomas in group 1 (15 of 23) and group 4 (9 of 26) were significantly higher than in group 3 (1 of 15) and group 6 (1 of 18), respectively. Moreover, those in group 2 (5 of 24) and group 5 (2 of 22) were lower than in groups 1 and 4, respectively. This study shows that Hp eradication may be useful as a prevention approach against stomach cancer.  (+info)

Radiologic findings of metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma to the breast from stomach. (6/223)

Two Korean women (41 and 23-years of age) presented with painful breast enlargement and redness. The involved breast was confirmed as metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma. Although metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast shows similar clinical symptoms to inflammatory breast cancer, the difference between the two is that this malignancy showed no microcalcifications or mass on radiographic findings (mammograms and US). Therefore, after the confirmation of signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast has been made, metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma should be considered if there are no microcalcifications or masses evident on radiographic findings.  (+info)

Node-positive mucosal gastric cancer: a follow-up study. (7/223)

BACKGROUND: Lymph node metastasis from mucosal gastric carcinoma is rare and the prognosis of the patients has seldom been reported. METHODS: Forty-five patients with node-positive mucosal gastric cancer were studied. They accounted for 2.5% of 1770 patients with mucosal gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo. The clinicopathological features were studied and the current clinical status was sought. RESULTS: The majority of patients (87%) were treated with D2 lymphadenectomy. The metastasis was confined to the perigastric nodes (pN1 by Japanese classification) in 30 patients (67%). The number of positive nodes was less than seven (pN1 by TNM) in 42 patients (93%). Two patients had para-aortic nodal metastasis. The median follow-up period was 11 years. Four patients died of definite or possible recurrent disease and the disease-specific 5- and 10-year survival rates were 95 and 89%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although nodal metastasis is an important prognostic factor for gastric cancer, the prognosis was excellent as long as the primary tumor was confined to the mucosa and was treated with gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy.  (+info)

Collecting-duct carcinoma of the kidney with prominent signet ring cell features. (8/223)

We report a case in a 74-year-old woman of collecting-duct carcinoma of the kidney with prominent signet ring cell features. Grossly, the tumor measured 5.5 cm in greatest dimension, occupied the entire upper pole of the kidney, and was well circumscribed. Microscopically, it displayed a predominant tubulopapillary pattern of growth with a hyalinizing stroma. The tumor tubules were lined by a single layer of cells with large, pleomorphic nuclei, some of which had a hobnail appearance. Large intracytoplasmic vacuoles with compression of nuclei (signet ring cells) were present throughout the tumor. Alcian blue, mucicarmine, and periodic acid-Schiff stains failed to identify intracellular mucin or glycogen in the signet ring cells. Enlarged cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles were also noted in the adjacent collecting ducts. The tumor cells were immunohistochemically positive for cytokeratin including cytokeratin 7, CAM 5.2, AE1/3, and 34 beta E12, vimentin, peanut lectin agglutinin, and Ulex europaeus agglutinin. Electron microscopy revealed that the intracytoplasmic vacuoles were due to intracellular edema. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of renal collecting-duct carcinoma with prominent signet ring cell features.  (+info)

Carcinoma, signet ring cell is a type of adenocarcinoma, which is a cancer that begins in glandular cells. In signet ring cell carcinoma, the cancer cells have a characteristic appearance when viewed under a microscope. They contain large amounts of mucin, a substance that causes the nucleus of the cell to be pushed to one side, giving the cell a crescent or "signet ring" shape.

Signet ring cell carcinoma can occur in various organs, including the stomach, colon, rectum, and breast. It is often aggressive and has a poor prognosis, as it tends to grow and spread quickly. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the location and extent of the cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, mucinous is a type of cancer that begins in the glandular cells that line certain organs and produce mucin, a substance that lubricates and protects tissues. This type of cancer is characterized by the presence of abundant pools of mucin within the tumor. It typically develops in organs such as the colon, rectum, lungs, pancreas, and ovaries.

Mucinous adenocarcinomas tend to have a distinct appearance under the microscope, with large pools of mucin pushing aside the cancer cells. They may also have a different clinical behavior compared to other types of adenocarcinomas, such as being more aggressive or having a worse prognosis in some cases.

It is important to note that while a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, mucinous can be serious, the prognosis and treatment options may vary depending on several factors, including the location of the cancer, the stage at which it was diagnosed, and the individual's overall health.

Stomach neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the stomach that can be benign or malignant. They include a wide range of conditions such as:

1. Gastric adenomas: These are benign tumors that develop from glandular cells in the stomach lining.
2. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): These are rare tumors that can be found in the stomach and other parts of the digestive tract. They originate from the stem cells in the wall of the digestive tract.
3. Leiomyomas: These are benign tumors that develop from smooth muscle cells in the stomach wall.
4. Lipomas: These are benign tumors that develop from fat cells in the stomach wall.
5. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs): These are tumors that develop from the neuroendocrine cells in the stomach lining. They can be benign or malignant.
6. Gastric carcinomas: These are malignant tumors that develop from the glandular cells in the stomach lining. They are the most common type of stomach neoplasm and include adenocarcinomas, signet ring cell carcinomas, and others.
7. Lymphomas: These are malignant tumors that develop from the immune cells in the stomach wall.

Stomach neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and difficulty swallowing. The diagnosis of stomach neoplasms usually involves a combination of imaging tests, endoscopy, and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the neoplasm and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy.

Appendiceal neoplasms refer to various types of tumors that can develop in the appendix, a small tube-like structure attached to the large intestine. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant and can include:

1. Adenomas: These are benign tumors that arise from the glandular cells lining the appendix. They are usually slow-growing and may not cause any symptoms.
2. Carcinoids: These are neuroendocrine tumors that arise from the hormone-producing cells in the appendix. They are typically small and slow-growing, but some can be aggressive and spread to other parts of the body.
3. Mucinous neoplasms: These are tumors that produce mucin, a slippery substance that can cause the appendix to become distended and filled with mucus. They can be low-grade (less aggressive) or high-grade (more aggressive) and may spread to other parts of the abdomen.
4. Adenocarcinomas: These are malignant tumors that arise from the glandular cells lining the appendix. They are relatively rare but can be aggressive and spread to other parts of the body.
5. Pseudomyxoma peritonei: This is a condition in which mucin produced by an appendiceal neoplasm leaks into the abdominal cavity, causing a jelly-like accumulation of fluid and tissue. It can be caused by both benign and malignant tumors.

Treatment for appendiceal neoplasms depends on the type and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.

The umbilicus, also known as the navel, is the scar left on the abdominal wall after the removal of the umbilical cord in a newborn. The umbilical cord connects the developing fetus to the placenta in the uterus during pregnancy, providing essential nutrients and oxygen while removing waste products. After birth, the cord is clamped and cut, leaving behind a small stump that eventually dries up and falls off, leaving the umbilicus. In adults, it typically appears as a slight depression or dimple on the abdomen.

Carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops from epithelial cells, which are the cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body. These cells cover organs, glands, and other structures within the body. Carcinomas can occur in various parts of the body, including the skin, lungs, breasts, prostate, colon, and pancreas. They are often characterized by the uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells that can invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body through a process called metastasis. Carcinomas can be further classified based on their appearance under a microscope, such as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a genetic phenomenon characterized by alterations in the number of repeat units in microsatellites, which are short repetitive DNA sequences distributed throughout the genome. MSI arises due to defects in the DNA mismatch repair system, leading to accumulation of errors during DNA replication and cell division.

This condition is often associated with certain types of cancer, such as colorectal, endometrial, and gastric cancers. The presence of MSI in tumors may indicate a better prognosis and potential response to immunotherapy, particularly those targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 pathways.

MSI is typically determined through molecular testing, which compares the length of microsatellites in normal and tumor DNA samples. A high level of instability, known as MSI-High (MSI-H), is indicative of a dysfunctional mismatch repair system and increased likelihood of cancer development.

A Gastrectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of all or part of the stomach. This procedure can be total (complete resection of the stomach), partial (removal of a portion of the stomach), or sleeve (removal of a portion of the stomach to create a narrow sleeve-shaped pouch).

Gastrectomies are typically performed to treat conditions such as gastric cancer, benign tumors, severe peptic ulcers, and in some cases, for weight loss in individuals with morbid obesity. The type of gastrectomy performed depends on the patient's medical condition and the extent of the disease.

Following a gastrectomy, patients may require adjustments to their diet and lifestyle, as well as potential supplementation of vitamins and minerals that would normally be absorbed in the stomach. In some cases, further reconstructive surgery might be necessary to reestablish gastrointestinal continuity.

A rare disease, also known as an orphan disease, is a health condition that affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States or fewer than 1 in 2,000 people in Europe. There are over 7,000 rare diseases identified, and many of them are severe, chronic, and often life-threatening. The causes of rare diseases can be genetic, infectious, environmental, or degenerative. Due to their rarity, research on rare diseases is often underfunded, and treatments may not be available or well-studied. Additionally, the diagnosis of rare diseases can be challenging due to a lack of awareness and understanding among healthcare professionals.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a technique used in pathology and laboratory medicine to identify specific proteins or antigens in tissue sections. It combines the principles of immunology and histology to detect the presence and location of these target molecules within cells and tissues. This technique utilizes antibodies that are specific to the protein or antigen of interest, which are then tagged with a detection system such as a chromogen or fluorophore. The stained tissue sections can be examined under a microscope, allowing for the visualization and analysis of the distribution and expression patterns of the target molecule in the context of the tissue architecture. Immunohistochemistry is widely used in diagnostic pathology to help identify various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated disorders.

Mucins are high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins that are the major components of mucus. They are produced and secreted by specialized epithelial cells in various organs, including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts, as well as the eyes and ears.

Mucins have a characteristic structure consisting of a protein backbone with numerous attached oligosaccharide side chains, which give them their gel-forming properties and provide a protective barrier against pathogens, environmental insults, and digestive enzymes. They also play important roles in lubrication, hydration, and cell signaling.

Mucins can be classified into two main groups based on their structure and function: secreted mucins and membrane-bound mucins. Secreted mucins are released from cells and form a physical barrier on the surface of mucosal tissues, while membrane-bound mucins are integrated into the cell membrane and participate in cell adhesion and signaling processes.

Abnormalities in mucin production or function have been implicated in various diseases, including chronic inflammation, cancer, and cystic fibrosis.

Adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that arises from glandular epithelial cells. These cells line the inside of many internal organs, including the breasts, prostate, colon, and lungs. Adenocarcinomas can occur in any of these organs, as well as in other locations where glands are present.

The term "adenocarcinoma" is used to describe a cancer that has features of glandular tissue, such as mucus-secreting cells or cells that produce hormones. These cancers often form glandular structures within the tumor mass and may produce mucus or other substances.

Adenocarcinomas are typically slow-growing and tend to spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. They can be treated with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these treatments. The prognosis for adenocarcinoma depends on several factors, including the location and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and age.

PROTEIN B-RAF, also known as serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf, is a crucial enzyme that helps regulate the cell growth signaling pathway in the body. It is a type of proto-oncogene protein, which means it has the potential to contribute to cancer development if mutated or overexpressed.

The B-RAF protein is part of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in controlling cell growth, division, and survival. When activated by upstream signals, B-RAF activates another kinase called MEK, which then activates ERK, leading to the regulation of various genes involved in cell growth and differentiation.

Mutations in the B-RAF gene can lead to constitutive activation of the protein, causing uncontrolled cell growth and division, which can contribute to the development of various types of cancer, including melanoma, colon cancer, and thyroid cancer. The most common mutation in the B-RAF gene is V600E, which affects around 8% of all human cancers.

Therefore, B-RAF inhibitors have been developed as targeted therapies for cancer treatment, particularly for melanoma patients with B-RAF V600E mutations. These drugs work by blocking the activity of the mutated B-RAF protein, thereby preventing uncontrolled cell growth and division.

Peritoneal neoplasms refer to tumors or cancerous growths that develop in the peritoneum, which is the thin, transparent membrane that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers the organs within it. These neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Malignant peritoneal neoplasms are often associated with advanced stages of gastrointestinal, ovarian, or uterine cancers and can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the abdomen.

Peritoneal neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like CT scans or MRIs, followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancerous cells. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these approaches, depending on the type, stage, and location of the neoplasm.

Cadherins are a type of cell adhesion molecule that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of intercellular junctions. They are transmembrane proteins that mediate calcium-dependent homophilic binding between adjacent cells, meaning that they bind to identical cadherin molecules on neighboring cells.

There are several types of cadherins, including classical cadherins, desmosomal cadherins, and protocadherins, each with distinct functions and localization in tissues. Classical cadherins, also known as type I cadherins, are the most well-studied and are essential for the formation of adherens junctions, which help to maintain cell-to-cell contact and tissue architecture.

Desmosomal cadherins, on the other hand, are critical for the formation and maintenance of desmosomes, which are specialized intercellular junctions that provide mechanical strength and stability to tissues. Protocadherins are a diverse family of cadherin-related proteins that have been implicated in various developmental processes, including neuronal connectivity and tissue patterning.

Mutations in cadherin genes have been associated with several human diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and heart defects. Therefore, understanding the structure, function, and regulation of cadherins is essential for elucidating their roles in health and disease.

The pyloric antrum is the distal part of the stomach, which is the last portion that precedes the pylorus and the beginning of the duodenum. It is a thickened, muscular area responsible for grinding and mixing food with gastric juices during digestion. The pyloric antrum also helps regulate the passage of chyme (partially digested food) into the small intestine through the pyloric sphincter, which controls the opening and closing of the pylorus. This region is crucial in the gastrointestinal tract's motor functions and overall digestive process.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a medical procedure that allows direct visualization of the inner lining of the digestive tract, which includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon), and sometimes the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). This procedure is performed using an endoscope, a long, thin, flexible tube with a light and camera at its tip. The endoscope is inserted through the mouth for upper endoscopy or through the rectum for lower endoscopy (colonoscopy), and the images captured by the camera are transmitted to a monitor for the physician to view.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy can help diagnose various conditions, such as inflammation, ulcers, tumors, polyps, or bleeding in the digestive tract. It can also be used for therapeutic purposes, such as removing polyps, taking tissue samples (biopsies), treating bleeding, and performing other interventions to manage certain digestive diseases.

There are different types of gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures, including:

1. Upper Endoscopy (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy or EGD): This procedure examines the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
2. Colonoscopy: This procedure examines the colon and rectum.
3. Sigmoidoscopy: A limited examination of the lower part of the colon (sigmoid colon) using a shorter endoscope.
4. Enteroscopy: An examination of the small intestine, which can be performed using various techniques, such as push enteroscopy, single-balloon enteroscopy, or double-balloon enteroscopy.
5. Capsule Endoscopy: A procedure that involves swallowing a small capsule containing a camera, which captures images of the digestive tract as it passes through.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy is generally considered safe when performed by experienced medical professionals. However, like any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications, such as bleeding, infection, perforation, or adverse reactions to sedatives used during the procedure. Patients should discuss these risks with their healthcare provider before undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Neoplasm staging is a systematic process used in medicine to describe the extent of spread of a cancer, including the size and location of the original (primary) tumor and whether it has metastasized (spread) to other parts of the body. The most widely accepted system for this purpose is the TNM classification system developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC).

In this system, T stands for tumor, and it describes the size and extent of the primary tumor. N stands for nodes, and it indicates whether the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. M stands for metastasis, and it shows whether the cancer has spread to distant parts of the body.

Each letter is followed by a number that provides more details about the extent of the disease. For example, a T1N0M0 cancer means that the primary tumor is small and has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant sites. The higher the numbers, the more advanced the cancer.

Staging helps doctors determine the most appropriate treatment for each patient and estimate the patient's prognosis. It is an essential tool for communication among members of the healthcare team and for comparing outcomes of treatments in clinical trials.

Colorectal neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the colon or rectum, which can be benign or malignant. These growths can arise from the inner lining (mucosa) of the colon or rectum and can take various forms such as polyps, adenomas, or carcinomas.

Benign neoplasms, such as hyperplastic polyps and inflammatory polyps, are not cancerous but may need to be removed to prevent the development of malignant tumors. Adenomas, on the other hand, are precancerous lesions that can develop into colorectal cancer if left untreated.

Colorectal cancer is a malignant neoplasm that arises from the uncontrolled growth and division of cells in the colon or rectum. It is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and can spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system.

Regular screening for colorectal neoplasms is recommended for individuals over the age of 50, as early detection and removal of precancerous lesions can significantly reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that begins in the squamous cells, which are flat, thin cells that form the outer layer of the skin (epidermis). It commonly occurs on sun-exposed areas such as the face, ears, lips, and backs of the hands. Squamous cell carcinoma can also develop in other areas of the body including the mouth, lungs, and cervix.

This type of cancer usually develops slowly and may appear as a rough or scaly patch of skin, a red, firm nodule, or a sore or ulcer that doesn't heal. While squamous cell carcinoma is not as aggressive as some other types of cancer, it can metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body if left untreated, making early detection and treatment important.

Risk factors for developing squamous cell carcinoma include prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, fair skin, a history of sunburns, a weakened immune system, and older age. Prevention measures include protecting your skin from the sun by wearing protective clothing, using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, avoiding tanning beds, and getting regular skin examinations.

Ras proteins are a group of small GTPases that play crucial roles as regulators of intracellular signaling pathways in cells. They are involved in various cellular processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, and survival. Ras proteins cycle between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state to transmit signals from membrane receptors to downstream effectors. Mutations in Ras genes can lead to constitutive activation of Ras proteins, which has been implicated in various human cancers and developmental disorders.

Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) is a term used in genetics to describe the loss of one copy of a gene or a segment of a chromosome, where there was previously a pair of different genes or chromosomal segments (heterozygous). This can occur due to various genetic events such as mutation, deletion, or mitotic recombination.

LOH is often associated with the development of cancer, as it can lead to the loss of tumor suppressor genes, which normally help to regulate cell growth and division. When both copies of a tumor suppressor gene are lost or inactivated, it can result in uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of a tumor.

In medical terms, LOH is used as a biomarker for cancer susceptibility, progression, and prognosis. It can also be used to identify individuals who may be at increased risk for certain types of cancer, or to monitor patients for signs of cancer recurrence.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults. It originates from the hepatocytes, which are the main functional cells of the liver. This type of cancer is often associated with chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B or C virus infection, alcohol abuse, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and aflatoxin exposure.

The symptoms of HCC can vary but may include unexplained weight loss, lack of appetite, abdominal pain or swelling, jaundice, and fatigue. The diagnosis of HCC typically involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, as well as blood tests to measure alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Treatment options for Hepatocellular carcinoma depend on the stage and extent of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and liver function. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or liver transplantation.

Histochemistry is the branch of pathology that deals with the microscopic localization of cellular or tissue components using specific chemical reactions. It involves the application of chemical techniques to identify and locate specific biomolecules within tissues, cells, and subcellular structures. This is achieved through the use of various staining methods that react with specific antigens or enzymes in the sample, allowing for their visualization under a microscope. Histochemistry is widely used in diagnostic pathology to identify different types of tissues, cells, and structures, as well as in research to study cellular and molecular processes in health and disease.

Neoplasm invasiveness is a term used in pathology and oncology to describe the aggressive behavior of cancer cells as they invade surrounding tissues and organs. This process involves the loss of cell-to-cell adhesion, increased motility and migration, and the ability of cancer cells to degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) through the production of enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Invasive neoplasms are cancers that have spread beyond the original site where they first developed and have infiltrated adjacent tissues or structures. This is in contrast to non-invasive or in situ neoplasms, which are confined to the epithelial layer where they originated and have not yet invaded the underlying basement membrane.

The invasiveness of a neoplasm is an important prognostic factor in cancer diagnosis and treatment, as it can indicate the likelihood of metastasis and the potential effectiveness of various therapies. In general, more invasive cancers are associated with worse outcomes and require more aggressive treatment approaches.

Prognosis is a medical term that refers to the prediction of the likely outcome or course of a disease, including the chances of recovery or recurrence, based on the patient's symptoms, medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. It is an important aspect of clinical decision-making and patient communication, as it helps doctors and patients make informed decisions about treatment options, set realistic expectations, and plan for future care.

Prognosis can be expressed in various ways, such as percentages, categories (e.g., good, fair, poor), or survival rates, depending on the nature of the disease and the available evidence. However, it is important to note that prognosis is not an exact science and may vary depending on individual factors, such as age, overall health status, and response to treatment. Therefore, it should be used as a guide rather than a definitive forecast.

Alcian Blue is a type of dye that is commonly used in histology, which is the study of the microscopic structure of tissues. It is particularly useful for staining acidic mucopolysaccharides and proteoglycans, which are important components of the extracellular matrix in many tissues.

Alcian Blue binds to these negatively charged molecules through ionic interactions, forming a complex that can be visualized under a microscope. The dye is often used in combination with other stains to provide contrast and highlight specific structures within tissues.

The intensity of the Alcian Blue stain can also provide information about the degree of sulfation or carboxylation of the mucopolysaccharides, which can be useful in diagnosing certain diseases or abnormalities. For example, changes in the staining pattern of proteoglycans have been associated with various types of arthritis and other joint disorders.

Overall, Alcian Blue is an important tool in the field of histology and has contributed significantly to our understanding of tissue structure and function.

Microsatellite repeats, also known as short tandem repeats (STRs), are repetitive DNA sequences made up of units of 1-6 base pairs that are repeated in a head-to-tail manner. These repeats are spread throughout the human genome and are highly polymorphic, meaning they can have different numbers of repeat units in different individuals.

Microsatellites are useful as genetic markers because of their high degree of variability. They are commonly used in forensic science to identify individuals, in genealogy to trace ancestry, and in medical research to study genetic diseases and disorders. Mutations in microsatellite repeats have been associated with various neurological conditions, including Huntington's disease and fragile X syndrome.

"Signet ring cell colorectal carcinoma: a distinct subset of mucin-poor microsatellite-stable signet ring cell carcinoma ... Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. H&E stain. el-Zimaity HM, Itani K, Graham DY (October 1997). "Early diagnosis of signet ... Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum (PSRCCR) is rare, with a reported incidence of less than 1 percent. ... Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is extremely rare and patient survival is very poor and occurs mainly ...
Signet ring cells (magenta) stained with PAS in a gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. A significant number of signet ring cells ... signet ring cell Signet ring adenocarcinoma cell Signet ring melanoma cell Signet ring stromal cell The name of the cell comes ... Signet ring cells - med.Utah.edu. Signet ring cell definition - cancer.gov. Signet ring cell cancer information - sites.google. ... a signet ring cell is a cell with a large vacuole. The malignant type is seen predominantly in carcinomas. Signet ring cells ...
In signet-ring cell carcinomas, the mucus remains inside the tumour cell and pushes the nucleus to the periphery, giving rise ... Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. H&E stain. Adenocarcinoma of the stomach and intestinal metaplasia. H&E stain. If cancer ... to signet-ring cells.[citation needed] Around 5% of gastric cancers are lymphomas. These may include extranodal marginal zone B ... cell lymphomas (MALT type) and to a lesser extent diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. MALT type make up about half of stomach ...
... study emphasizing the different degrees of intestinal and gastric differentiation in signet ring cell carcinomas". Virchows ... such as spindle cell carcinoma. It is considered useful in identifying microscopic metastases of breast carcinoma in lymph ... October 2004). "Tumor Cells Circulate in the Peripheral Blood of All Major Carcinomas but not in Healthy Subjects or Patients ... Antibodies to CK8 (e.g. CAM 5.2) can be used to differentiate lobular carcinoma of the breast from ductal carcinoma of the ...
They also may be mistaken for certain metastatic carcinomas such as signet ring cell carcinoma and lobular forms of breast ... These cells are small-to-moderate-sized epitheliod-like cells that on ultrastructural analyses have features of fibroblasts and ... SEF tumors with MUC4-negative neoplastic cells may be more aggressive than SEF tumors with MUC4-positive neoplastic cells. ... cells that have features resembling both epithelioid cells and fibroblasts. In 2020, the World Health Organization classified ...
", "diffuse infiltrative carcinoma." Signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma, previously regarded as an independent type of tumor, ... today is a special case of poorly cohesive carcinoma. Tumor cells can be signet-ring type, that have a rounded shape with ... Poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma (dyscohesive carcinoma, carcinoma with a lack of intercellular connections) is a malignant ... Pathohistological report of "poorly cohesive carcinoma" is appropriate in case when there is a prevalence of tumor cells with ...
Other exocrine cancers include adenosquamous carcinomas, signet ring cell carcinomas, hepatoid carcinomas, colloid carcinomas, ... The next-most common type, acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas, arises in the clusters of cells that produce these enzymes, ... undifferentiated carcinomas, and undifferentiated carcinomas with osteoclast-like giant cells. Solid pseudopapillary tumor is a ... Like the 'functioning' endocrine cancers described below, acinar cell carcinomas may cause over-production of certain molecules ...
... mucoepidermoid carcinoma, mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, signet ring cell adenocarcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, ... "Comparison of the immunophenotypes of signet-ring cell carcinoma, solid adenocarcinoma with mucin production, and mucinous ... For treatment purposes, MCACL has been traditionally considered a non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Complete radical ... mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and pulmonary mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. The mouse monoclonal antibody 1D3, developed to ...
Mucin-containing signet-ring cells are commonly seen. LCIS generally leaves the underlying architecture intact and recognisable ... Like the cells of atypical lobular hyperplasia and invasive lobular carcinoma, the abnormal cells of LCIS consist of small ... Lobular Carcinoma In-situ is both a risk factor and precursor of invasive carcinoma. Furthermore, it is a non-obligate ... Breast cancer Carcinoma in situ "Lobular Carcinoma in situ (LCIS)". Breast Cancer. Stanford Cancer Center. Wen HY, Brogi E ( ...
Microscopically, Krukenberg tumors are often characterized by mucin-secreting signet-ring cells in the tissue of the ovary; ... or breast cancer particularly invasive lobular breast carcinoma, but they can arise in the appendix, colon, small intestine, ... the same signet-ring cells are typically found. However, other microscopic features can predominate. Krukenberg tumors are most ... There has been debate over the exact mechanism of metastasis of the tumor cells from the stomach, appendix or colon to the ...
Signet ring cell carcinoma metastasis to the ovary, also called Krukenberg tumor: Gross pathology (top, cross-section at right ... The latter shows invasive proliferation of signet-ring cells with a desmoplastic stroma., retrieved 2022-05-27{{citation}}: CS1 ... During his studies of cork, he discovered plant cells and coined the term 'cell'. Prior to the use of the micro- prefix, other ... "4.1D: Cell Size". Biology LibreTexts. 2018-07-05. Retrieved 2022-05-12. Saadat, Saeida; Pandey, Gaurav; Tharmavaram, Maithri ( ...
Rarely, signet ring-shaped cells are present. The tumors may have cystic and hemorrhagic areas. Myoepithelial cells are found ... The signet ring-shaped cells in these tumors contain cytoplasmic mucin-containing vacuoles which push their cells' nuclei to ... Mucin may also occur outside of cells in these lesions. The presence of signet ring-shaped cells bearing mucin-containing ... These cells, which are not myoepithelial cells, have been termed globoid cells. They have eosinophilic cytoplasm (i.e. pink or ...
K-ras Mutations EML4-ALK Fusions and Mutations Signet ring cell Acinar Papillary Micropapillary Squamous cell carcinomas: Small ... Clear cell variants Giant cell carcinomas HOHMS applied to certain lung cancer variants Undifferentiated large cell lung cancer ... Squamous cell carcinoma (cisplatinum/gemcitabine) Squamous cell carcinoma (no bevacizumab/anti-VEGF in cavitary or in near ... EML4-ALK (+) lung cancers Acinar predominant adenocarcinoma and crizotinib Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma and crizotinib ...
Some studies suggest that the papillary adenocarcinoma and the signet ring cell adenocarcinoma variants are more likely to ... EML4-ALK gene fusions occur almost exclusively in carcinomas arising in non-smokers. About 4% of non-small-cell lung carcinomas ... The transforming EML4-ALK fusion gene was first reported in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) in 2007. The signs and ... Sasaki T, Rodig SJ, Chirieac LR, Jänne PA (July 2010). "The biology and treatment of EML4-ALK non-small cell lung cancer". Eur ...
Rarer types are signet-ring-cell, small-cell-neuroendocrine, mucinous, foamy, inverted, and with squamous differentiation. ... Because it is thought to be a premalignant state, PIN is often considered the prostate equivalent of what is called carcinoma ... the abnormal cells spread beyond the boundaries of the acinus and form clusters without basal cells. In HGPIN, the basal cell ... based on the level of cell atypia. PIN was formerly classified as PIN 1, 2 or 3, in order of increasing cell irregularities. ...
signet ring-cell squamous-cell carcinoma (occasionally rendered as signet ring-cell squamous-cell carcinoma) is a histological ... Adenoid squamous-cell carcinoma Basaloid squamous-cell carcinoma Clear-cell squamous-cell carcinoma Spindle-cell squamous-cell ... small-cell keratinizing squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8073/3) spindle-cell squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8074/3) It is also ... verrucous squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8051/3) papillary squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8052/3) squamous-cell carcinoma (code ...
Under a microscope, these appear as signet ring cells, meaning that mucin droplets are visible that displace the nucleus to one ... "Carcinoma of the Stomach." at patient.info (CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list, Articles with short description, Short ... Somatic mutations in this gene are found in about 50% of diffuse-type gastric carcinomas. Diffuse stomach cancer is ... particularly breast and lung carcinoma. It is not associated with H. pylori infection or chronic gastritis. The risk factors ...
C) Signet ring carcinoma: More than 50% of signet cells with infiltrative growth pattern (thin red arrow) or floating in large ... C) Clear cell carcinoma: clear cell cytoplasm identified in polygonal cells with a central nucleus, columnar cells with an ... If the mucus remains inside the tumor cell, it pushes the nucleus at the periphery, this occurs in "signet-ring cell." ... B) Squamous carcinoma: morphologically similar to other squamous cell carcinomas occurring in other organs with possible ...
... signet ring cells (i.e. cells with one large cytoplasmic vacuole termed a globule), and extracellular droplet-like secretions ... The sheets of cells are separated by bands of connective tissue. In occasional cases, the cells in MSC tumors are arranged in a ... Mammary secretory carcinoma (MSC), also termed secretory carcinoma of the breast, is a rare form of the breast cancers. MSC ... This activity stimulates two signaling pathways, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways, that promote cell proliferation, cell ...
... particularly those featuring signet-ring cells), rhabdomyosarcoma, epitheloid angiosarcoma, pleural mesothelioma, and ... cell lung carcinoma Small cell lung carcinoma Adenocarcinoma of the lung Large cell lung carcinoma Adenosquamous carcinoma ... combined large cell neuroencrine carcinoma, and mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and combined small cell lung carcinoma. ... Chetty R (August 2000). "Combined large cell neuroendocrine, small cell and squamous carcinomas of the lung with rhabdoid cells ...
... urothelial carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. TATI is metabolised by the kidneys and is, thus, elevated in patients with ... in particular tumors of diffusely infiltrative/signet ring type. TATI, thus, complements CEA, which is elevated exclusively in ... TATI sensitivity in the setting of renal cell carcinoma is approximately 70%. Elevated TATI is more likely to be seen in ... In urothelial carcinoma, TATI expression varies with stage, ranging from 20% in low-stage tumors to 80% of high-stage tumors. ...
For example, it is not recommended in signet-ring adenocarcinoma or urothelial carcinoma of the prostate, and the scoring ... group of cells in a rope like fashion running through other tissue/cell patterns seen), or individual cells. You should not see ... with cords of cells Gleason score 10 (5+5) with individual cells Gleason score 10 (5+5) with solid sheets of cells Using this ... Many cells are invading the surrounding tissue in neoplastic clumps. This corresponds to a poorly differentiated carcinoma. ...
... giving a characteristic signet ring appearance (macrovesicular fatty change). These vesicles are well-delineated and optically ... Liver cell death and inflammatory responses lead to the activation of hepatic stellate cells, which play a pivotal role in ... Less than 10% of people with cirrhotic alcoholic FLD will develop hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of primary ... On the other hand, non-alcoholic FLD may begin as excess of unmetabolised energy in liver cells. Hepatic steatosis is ...
... signet ring cell carcinoma - SIL - sildenafil - Silybum marianum - silymarin - simple mastectomy - simple nephrectomy - single ... cell - cell differentiation - cell motility - cell proliferation - cell respiration - cell adhesion - cellular adoptive ... basal cell - basal cell carcinoma - basal cell nevus syndrome - basophil - batimastat - BAY 12-9566 - BAY 43-9006 - BAY 56-3722 ... squamous cell - squamous cell carcinoma - squamous intraepithelial lesion - SR-29142 - SR-45023A - SR49059 - SSRI - staging - ...
"Orbital signet-ring cell lymphoma of diffuse, large, B-cell type". Can J Ophthalmol. 48 (6): e156-8. doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2013.08 ... "Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid associated with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome". Ophthalmology. 108 (6): 1115-23. doi:10.1016/s0161- ... "Metastasis to the eye and orbit from renal cell carcinoma--a report of three cases and review of literature". Surv Ophthalmol. ... Honavar SG (2018). "Sebaceous gland carcinoma: Can we do better?". Indian J Ophthalmol. 66 (9): 1235-1237. doi:10.4103/ijo.IJO_ ...
"Younger Age Is an Independent Predictor for Poor Survival in Patients with Signet Ring Prostate Carcinoma". Prostate Cancer. ... "Papillary Urothelial (Transitional Cell) Carcinoma". Stanford University School of Medicine. Original posting/updates: 10/20/12 ... At least some of the glands lacking basal cell immunoreactivity represent intraductal rather than invasive carcinoma (a ... Zhou, Ming (2018). "High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, PIN-like carcinoma, ductal carcinoma, and intraductal ...
Krukenberg tumors have signet ring cells and mucinous cells. Endometrial cancer and lymphomas can also metastasize to the ovary ... Clear-cell adenocarcinomas are histopathologically similar to other clear-cell carcinomas, with clear cells and hobnail cells. ... The ovary is made up of three different cell types including epithelial cells, germ cells, and stromal cells. When these cells ... Ovarian clear-cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer. Those diagnosed with ovarian clear-cell carcinoma ...
... neuroblastoma Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor Adult and pediatric renal cell carcinomas Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ... adenocarcinoma histology with specific morphologic patterns such as cribriform and solid signet ring, expression of thyroid ... Debelenko LV, Raimondi SC, Daw N, Shivakumar BR, Huang D, Nelson M, Bridge JA (March 2011). "Renal cell carcinoma with novel ... November 2006). "Identification of squamous cell carcinoma associated proteins by proteomics and loss of beta tropomyosin ...
Follicular adenoma with signet ring cells (g and h), showing strong positivity for thyroglobulin (i) Treatment of a thyroid ... squamous cell carcinoma in the thyroid of putative secondary origin (b), and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus ... structures lined by hobnail cells. "Teardrop" cells (f) and comet-like cells (inset). The cribriform-morular thyroid carcinoma ... squamous cell thyroid carcinoma and other rare types of tumors. Carcinoma of the thyroid with Ewing family tumor elements ( ...
Seborrheic keratosis with squamous atypia Signet-ring cell squamous cell carcinoma Solitary keratoacanthoma (subungual ... Solitary trichoepithelioma Spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma (spindle cell carcinoma) Spiradenoma Squamous cell carcinoma ... pale cell acanthoma) Clear cell squamous cell carcinoma (clear cell carcinoma of the skin) Chronic scar keratosis (chronic ... Merkel cell carcinoma (cutaneous apudoma, primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, primary small cell carcinoma of the ...
... type M8490/3 Signet ring cell carcinoma Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma M8490/6 Metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma ... NOS Reserve cell carcinoma Round cell carcinoma Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma M8042/3 Oat cell carcinoma (C34._) M8043/3 ... fusiform cell M8044/3 Small cell carcinoma, intermediate cell M8045/3 Combined small cell carcinoma Mixed small cell carcinoma ... Pleomorphic carcinoma M8030/3 Giant cell and spindle cell carcinoma M8031/3 Giant cell carcinoma M8032/3 Spindle cell carcinoma ...
"Signet ring cell colorectal carcinoma: a distinct subset of mucin-poor microsatellite-stable signet ring cell carcinoma ... Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. H&E stain. el-Zimaity HM, Itani K, Graham DY (October 1997). "Early diagnosis of signet ... Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum (PSRCCR) is rare, with a reported incidence of less than 1 percent. ... Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is extremely rare and patient survival is very poor and occurs mainly ...
... goblet cell carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma and malignant carcinoid/adenocarcinoid[1,7]. Adenomas are the premalignant ... Exclusion of signet ring cell carcinoma from other carcinoma subtypes is of particular importance as it has an extremely poor ... The signet ring cell carcinomas are usually frequent in the stomach and intestine. In our case, the tumor cells were ... Key Words: Appendix, Primary, Signet ring cell carcinoma, Ovarian metastasis Core tip: Meticulous histopathological evaluation ...
Lung signet ring cell carcinoma (LSRCC) is a very rare type of lung cancer, the clinical characteristics, and prognosis of ... Lung signet ring cell carcinoma (LSRCC) is a very rare type of lung cancer, the clinical characteristics, and prognosis of ... Clinicopathological characteristics and survival in lung signet ring cell carcinoma: a population-based study.. Feb 18, 2021 ...
Signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast. The mucinous variant of infiltrating lobular carcinoma. Cancer 1976;37:828-40. https ... 1995) The significance of signet ring cells in infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the breast. Arch Path Lab Med 1995;119:64 ... receptor analysis in separation of metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast and metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma of the ... Signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast. A clinicopathologic study of 24 cases. Am J Clin Pathol 1980;73:31-5. https://www. ...
... Asmanaz Nadaf; Ibrahim Hassan Al Haddabi; ... 2 Farraj FA, Sabbagh H, Aridi T, Fakhruddin N, Farhat F. Signet ring cell carcinoma of the colon in young adults: a case report ... Hereby, we report a rare case of signet ring cell carcinoma arising in the rectal stump in an already diagnosed and operated ... Among the various histopathological subtypes of adenocarcinoma in the rectum, signet ring cell carcinoma is the rarest and ...
Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) is a rare histological subtype of gallbladder adenocarcinoma. The current study evaluates the ... SRC, signet ring cell carcinoma; non-SRC, non-signet ring cell carcinoma ... of patients with signet ring cell carcinoma and non-signet ring cell carcinoma ... characteristics and computed tomography findings between signet ring cell carcinoma and nonsignet ring cell carcinoma in early ...
The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic factors of oesophageal signet ring cell (SRC) carcinoma and to ... Nomogram for predicting the overall survival of the patients with oesophageal signet ring cell carcinoma. ... Nomogram for predicting the overall survival of the patients with oesophageal signet ring ... A nomogram to predict the OS of patients with oesophageal SRC carcinoma was established. The validation of the nomogram fully ...
Liver and Pancreatic Injury in Response to ALK Inhibitors in a Patient with Primary Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: A ... primary lung signet ring cell adenocarcinoma) who received serial crizotinib, chemotherapy, and lorlatinib over more than 4 ... We report a patient with stage IV anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer ( ...
Keywords: Gastric cancer, mucin, mucinous gastric carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, LONG-TERM SURVIVAL, GASTRIC-CANCER, ... Comparison of clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics in patients with mucinous carcinoma and signet ring cell ... and signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). Methods: Pathological parameters, clinical parameters, and treatment efficacy were ... To determine whether there are any clinicopathological or prognostic differences between mucinous gastric carcinoma (MGC) ...
Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of prostate: A rare case report and review of literature. Gupta, Monika; Budhwar, Archana; ... A summary of clinical evidences from a tropical country with a high incidence of hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma. ... to the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases 2018 guidelines in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma and ...
Primary Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: Review of the Literature and Report of Two Cases ... Open the PDF for Primary Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the ,span class=search-highlight,Urinary,/span, ,span class=search- ... Tibet Erdoğru; Işin Kiliçaslan; Tank Esen; Haluk Ander; Orhan Ziylan; Veli Uysal The signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary ... View article titled, Primary Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the ,span class=search-highlight,Urinary,/span, ,span class= ...
Signet ring cell carcinoma Nature: ... ... Human Tumor Cell Line Total Protein * Human Tumor Tissue Total ... Western blotting is an important technique used in cell and molecular biology. By using a weste … ...
Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma in Urine Cytology: Cytomorphologic Findings and Differential Diagnosis Subject Area: Pathology and ... View articletitled, Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma in Urine Cytology: Cytomorphologic Findings and Differential Diagnosis ... Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Why a Rare Diagnosis on Cytology? Subject Area: Pathology and Cell ... Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm: Cytopathologic Findings Subject Area: Pathology and Cell Biology ...
Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/mortality, Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion, Colorectal Neoplasms/mortality, Female, Follow ... Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/mortality; Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion; Colorectal Neoplasms/mortality; Female; Follow ... RESULTS: Nine-hundred sixty patients were included; 660 patients (69 %) were affected by PC of colorectal carcinoma and the ... were affected by PC of colorectal carcinoma and the remaining suffered from PMP (31 %). In 767 procedures (80 %), macroscopic ...
Pseudomesotheliomatous presentation of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of lung. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2005. 47:209- ... including squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma may also present as a ... 24] Papillary or tubupapillary epithelial configurations, signet ring cells, and poorly differentiated carcinoma have also been ... The differential diagnoses also include other "small round blue cell tumors" such as small cell carcinoma, small cell variant ...
Pseudomesotheliomatous presentation of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of lung. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2005. 47:209- ... including squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma may also present as a ... 24] Papillary or tubupapillary epithelial configurations, signet ring cells, and poorly differentiated carcinoma have also been ... The differential diagnoses also include other "small round blue cell tumors" such as small cell carcinoma, small cell variant ...
Description: Stomach signet-ring cell carcinoma array with normal stomach tissue, including TNM and clinical stage, 88 cases/88 ... Rat Stomach Tissue Preparation Buffer: Normal Stomach Mucosa Epithelial Cells. 9-80292 CHI Scientific 1 x 100 ml. Ask for price ... Human Stomach Tissue Preparation Buffer: Normal Stomach Mucosa Epithelial Cells. 9-80104 CHI Scientific 1 x 100 ml. Ask for ... Mouse Stomach Tissue Preparation Buffer: Normal Stomach Mucosa Epithelial Cells. 9-80202 CHI Scientific 1 x 100 ml. Ask for ...
The great majority of Krukenberg tumors are signet ring cell carcinomas arising in the stomach. Signet ring cells scatter in ... Krukenberg tumor, also known as carcinoma mucocellulare, refers to the "signet ring" subtype of metastatic tumor to the ovary. ... Cytologic examination often reveals mucoid degeneration and many large cells shaped like signet rings. ... "signet ring" cells) and usually originate in the gastrointestinal tract 4. The exact mechanism of primary tumor metastasize to ...
2016) Signet ring cell carcinomas identified as a molecular subtype of gastric cancer. American Society for Gastrointestinal ... AGAP2-AS1 as a prognostic biomarker in low-risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients with progressing disease. Cancer Cell ... AGAP2-AS1 as a prognostic biomarker in low-risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients with progressing disease. Cancer Cell ... 2016) Development and confirmation of potential gene classifiers of human clear cell renal cell carcinoma using next-generation ...
The effect of treatment facility and race on survival for signet ring cell carcinoma of the esophagus: an analysis of the ... The effect of treatment facility on survival for signet ring cell carcinoma of the esophagus: an analysis of the National ... The Effect of Treatment Facility, Race and Chemoradiation on Survival for Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: An ... Clinicopathologic Features and Survival Outcomes of Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Appendix: An Analysis of the Surveillance ...
After an endoscopic biopsy had revealed an ulcerated signet ring cell carcinoma, the patient was submitted to subtotal ... Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a superficial signet ring cell carcinoma (early cancer) associated ... The granulomas, which were observed within the mucosa and the submucosa at the periphery of the carcinoma, were composed of ... CD68-positive, CD15-negative epithelioid and giant cells of the Langhans type, confirming their true histiocytic nature, and ...
... clear cell adenocarcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma). Signet ring cell carcinoma is graded as 3 and small cell carcinoma as ... In one series, 28% of HCCs contained cells expressing biliary/progenitor cell markers cytokeratin (CK) 7 and/or CK19.34 Non- ... the intermediate cell subtype with tumour cells intermediate between hepatocytes and cholangiocytes; and the cholangiocellular ... CC is the second commonest primary liver tumour worldwide, after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).1 ,2 ,4 ,5 Incidence and ...
M. Yamashina, "A Variant of Early Gastric Carcinoma. Histologic and Histochemical Studies of Early Signet Ring Cell Carcinomas ... Predominance of Multiple Foci of Signet Ring Carcinoma in Distal Stomach and Transition Zone," Gut, Vol. 53, No. 6, 2004, pp. ... "E-Cadherin Deficiency Initiates Gastric Signet-Ring Carcinoma in Mice and Man," Cancer Research, Vol. 69, No. 5, 2009, pp. 2050 ... H. Wu, J. A. Rusiecki, K. Zhu, J. Potter and S. S. Devesa, "Stomach Carcinoma Incidence Patterns in the United States by ...
... poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet-ring, signet-ring cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The most common symptom ... Outcomes in Peritoneal Dissemination from Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Appendix Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and ... high-grade mucinous carcinoma peritonei [HGMCP] and HGMCP with signet ring cells [HGMCP-S]) is controversial due to their ... Less common tumours of the appendix include signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma and paraganglioma. Treatment varies according to ...
Gastric Cancer e-Tumor Boards: Case 1: Signet Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma with CDH1 Mutation ... Pathologic Findings in Small Cell Bladder Carcinoma * 2001https://www.medscape.com/etumor/gastric-cancer-s01/e01 ... Several coauthors report being members of the MinION access program and have received free-of-charge flow cells and kits for ...
... increase in the signet ring cell type. Arch Pathol Lab Med 128 (7): 765-70, 2004. ... Lauren P: The two histological main types of gastric carcinoma: diffuse and so-called intestinal-type carcinoma: an attempt at ... pylori infection as a cause of noncardia gastric carcinoma and low-grade B-cell mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue gastric ... Salivary Gland Cancer Sarcoma: Bone Sarcoma: Ewing Sarcoma: Soft Tissue Sarcomas Skin Cancers Small Bowel Cancers Small Cell ...
Comparison of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI and [18F]FDG uptake in patients with gastric signet-ring-cell carcinoma: a multicenter ... Comparison of 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Nucl Med Commun. 2022;43:1084 ... Comparison of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer. Front ... Two studies compared the uptake between FAPI PET and [18F]FDG PET in patients with histopathologically confirmed non-small cell ...
Carcinogenic hypergastrinemia: signet-ring cell carcinoma in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with Zollinger- ... in comparison to gastric surface mucosa cells and a loss of E-cadherin expression in the cells of the signet-ring carcinoma. ... who additionally developed a signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach. DESIGN AND PATIENT: Biopsies from the gastrointestinal ... to diminished expression of E-cadherin within the gastric mucosa and promoted tumor development of a signet-ring cell carcinoma ...
The patient had recently been diagnosed with signet-ring-cell carcinoma of the stomach with evidence of metastasis to the lung ... survives well in the environment and is facultative in infected host cells (macrophages). It has a high infectivity rate and is ...
... and signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon," International Journal of Colorectal Disease, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 371-379, 2012. ... 20] found that proximal indolent cell carcinoma is considered a distinct subgroup with a good tumor prognosis in colon cancer. ...
  • Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Why a Rare Diagnosis on Cytology? (karger.com)
  • Nelson R, Luu L, Silberstein P, Velagapudi M, Huerter C. Novel treatment of locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with cemiplimab: a case report. (creighton.edu)
  • Gootee J, Patel M, Aurit S, Silberstein P. The importance of adjuvant treatment and primary anatomical site in head and neck basaloid squamous cell carcinoma survival: an analysis of the National Cancer Database. (creighton.edu)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in various morphological forms needs to be separated from other epithelial tumors for treatment modality selection. (cytojournal.com)
  • Radiomics Analysis of Lymph Nodes with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Deep Learning. (cdc.gov)
  • Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare form of highly malignant adenocarcinoma that produces mucin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Among the various histopathological subtypes of adenocarcinoma in the rectum, signet ring cell carcinoma is the rarest and accounts for approximately 1% of the cases. (autopsyandcasereports.org)
  • Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) is a rare histological subtype of gallbladder adenocarcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) is an adenocarcinoma in which more than 50% of the tumor consists of isolated or small groups of malignant cells containing intracytoplasmic mucins [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report a patient with stage IV anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (primary lung signet ring cell adenocarcinoma) who received serial crizotinib, chemotherapy, and lorlatinib over more than 4 years. (acibadem.edu.tr)
  • [ 3 , 4 ] The term "pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma" was first applied by Harwood and colleagues in 1976 to 6 cases of peripheral lung adenocarcinoma that closely mimicked mesothelioma. (medscape.com)
  • Less common tumours of the appendix include signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma and paraganglioma . (cancerindex.org)
  • Another change is the subclassification of adenocarcinoma: the definition of bronchioalveolar carcinoma has been restricted to noninvasive tumours. (ersjournals.com)
  • As compared to the previous edition, changes include a better definition of pre-invasive lesion, a reclassification of adenocarcinoma, the description of two new tumour types as variants of large cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and basaloid carcinoma, and a new class called pleomorphic carcinoma. (ersjournals.com)
  • 2 Diagnosis of small cell (neuroendocrine) or mucinous adenocarcinoma of cervical cancer (ie, mucinous NOS, intestinal type, signet ring cell type, invasive stratified mucin producing carcinoma and gastric type) based on 2020 WHO classification of cervical cancer. (who.int)
  • CC is the second commonest primary liver tumour worldwide, after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (bmj.com)
  • LiSNet: An AI-based tool for liver imaging staging of hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness. (cdc.gov)
  • 2003) Expression of mucins (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6) in mucinous carcinoma of the breast: comparison with invasive ductal carcinoma . (breast-cancer.ca)
  • Mucinous and signet-ring cell colorectal cancers differ from classical adenocarcinomas in tumor biology and prognosis. (autopsyandcasereports.org)
  • 1993) Metastatic patterns of invasive lobular versus invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast . (breast-cancer.ca)
  • In addition of the categories of squamous dysplasia and carcinoma in situ , two additional lesions were added to the group of pre-invasive lesions: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH). (ersjournals.com)
  • In summary, EBV+ or MSI gastric cancers are more likely to express PD-L1 and have increased CD8 T cells at tumor invasive front than EBV-/MSS cancers. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Cases of gastric carcinomas metastasizing to the breast and forming signet-ring cells have also been reported. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutations in the epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) gene have been shown to be associated with the occurrence of diffuse gastric carcinomas in affected families. (tum.de)
  • 1993) Differential loss of E- cadherin expression in infiltrating ductal and lobular breast carcinomas . (breast-cancer.ca)
  • Aberrant (upregulated) expression of the MUC1 mucin has been seen in breast carcinomas and other neoplasms, such as colon and pancreatic cancers. (bmj.com)
  • 1, 2 Most studies of MUC1 expression in breast carcinomas have shown that increased membrane MUC1 mucin expression on the apical cell surface is associated with a better prognosis (reviewed in Rahn and colleagues 2 ), whereas circumferential staining in tumour cell cytoplasm is associated with a worse prognosis. (bmj.com)
  • however, it has been found that a colon carcinoma cell known as HCC2998 causes an increase in differentiated tumor production. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2 Farraj FA, Sabbagh H, Aridi T, Fakhruddin N, Farhat F. Signet ring cell carcinoma of the colon in young adults: a case report and literature review. (autopsyandcasereports.org)
  • 10 Belli S, Aytac HO, Karagulle E, Yabanoglu H, Kayaselcuk F, Yildirim S. Outcomes of surgical treatment of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum: 22 cases reviewed with literature. (autopsyandcasereports.org)
  • DSRCT is composed of small cells with round hyperchromatic nuclei and a dense fibrous or spindle cell stroma. (medscape.com)
  • Signet ring cells scatter in the ovarian stroma with abundant collagen formation or marked edema. (radiopaedia.org)
  • It is an epithelial malignancy characterized by the histologic appearance of signet ring cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • By definition, pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma refers to an epithelial neoplasm that secondarily involves the pleura and encases the lung, thereby simulating the radiologic and macroscopic appearance of malignant mesothelioma. (medscape.com)
  • Synovial sarcomas encompass both biphasic (epithelial and spindle cell components) and monophasic (purely spindle cell) variants. (medscape.com)
  • Gastrin and its derivates have been reported to regulate epithelial cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. (tum.de)
  • Finally, a new class was defined called carcinoma with pleomorphic, sarcomatoid, or sarcomatous elements, which brings together a number of proliferations characterized by a spectrum of epithelial to mesenchymal differentiation. (ersjournals.com)
  • Carcinoma of cervix is classified as per the WHO classification into primary tumors which are predominantly epithelial tumors, mesenchymal tumors and tumor like lesions, mixed epithelial stromal tumors, melanocytic, germ cell, and lymphoid tumors. (cytojournal.com)
  • Rat Muc4, a homologue of human MUC4, has been extensively studied in mammary gland tumours and has been shown to play an important role in epithelial growth, cell differentiation, cell-cell adhesion, metastasis, and tumour apoptosis. (bmj.com)
  • Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is extremely rare and patient survival is very poor and occurs mainly in men ages 38 to 83. (wikipedia.org)
  • Clinicopathological characteristics and survival in lung signet ring cell carcinoma: a population-based study. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Nomogram for predicting the overall survival of the patients with oesophageal signet ring cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
  • Urinary bladder Carcinoma Late recurrence Survival After. (karger.com)
  • Ganti AK, Subbiah SP, Kessinger A, Gonsalves WI, Silberstein PT, Lobriza FR Jr. Association between Race and Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in The United States Veterans Affairs Population:Clinical Lung Cancer-2014 Mar;15(2):152-8. (creighton.edu)
  • Clinicopathologic Features and Survival Outcomes of Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Appendix: An Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database. (creighton.edu)
  • Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Nonmetastatic Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: A Machine Learning Approach. (cdc.gov)
  • SRCCs are named due to their resemblance to signet rings, which result from the formation of large vacuoles full of mucin that displaces the nucleus to the cell's periphery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Krukenberg tumors are metastatic tumors to the ovary that contain well-defined histological characteristics (mucin-secreting "signet ring" cells) and usually originate in the gastrointestinal tract 4 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Several studies have reported conflicting and inconclusive results concerning the clinical relevance of mucin expression in gastric carcinoma. (bmj.com)
  • The pattern of metastasis is different for gastric signet cell carcinoma than for intestinal-type gastric carcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • SRCC cancers are usually diagnosed during the late stages of the disease, so the tumors generally spread more aggressively than non-signet cancers, making treatment challenging. (wikipedia.org)
  • For diffuse type gastric cancers detected at an early stage, in the case of lesions that do not have lymph node metastasis and are treatable locally, endoscopic submucosal dissection can be performed to remove only the cancer cells without resection of the stomach to minimize complications and sequelae, and a cure rate similar to that of surgery can be expected. (justia.com)
  • Forty-four resected gastric cancers including 7 EBV+, 16 MSI, and 21 microsatellite stable cancers without EBV (EBV-/MSS) were studied for PD-L1 expression and T-cell subpopulations by immunohistochemistry. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Positive PD-L1 expression (PD-L1+), defined as membranous staining in either tumor cells or tumor immune infiltrates, was seen in 32 (72%) gastric cancers. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Primary SRCC tumors are most often found in the glandular cells of the stomach (SRCC originates in the stomach in 56 percent of patients), and less frequently in the breast, gallbladder, urinary bladder, and pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1982) The importance of MUC1 cellular localization in patients with breast carcinoma: an immunohistologic study of 71 patients and review of the literature . (breast-cancer.ca)
  • A nomogram to predict the OS of patients with oesophageal SRC carcinoma was established. (bvsalud.org)
  • Direct comparison of (18)F-FDG PET and PET/CT in patients with colorectal carcinoma. (koreamed.org)
  • Deep Learning for Predicting Distant Metastasis in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on Pre-Radiotherapy Magnetic Resonance Imaging. (cdc.gov)
  • SFTs of the pleura are localized mesenchymal neoplasms composed of fibroblastlike cells believed to arise from the subpleural connective tissue. (medscape.com)
  • CONTEXT: Gastric neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms that originate from gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the oxyntic mucosa. (tum.de)
  • Tot T. (200) The role of cytokeratins 20 and 7 and estrogen receptor analysis in separation of metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast and metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract . (breast-cancer.ca)
  • Krukenberg tumor , also known as carcinoma mucocellulare , refers to the "signet ring" subtype of metastatic tumor to the ovary . (radiopaedia.org)
  • There are a variety of metastatic carcinomas to the ovary that can mimic primary ovarian tumors 4 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Differentiation between primary and metastatic ovarian carcinoma is of great importance with respect to treatment and prognosis but may be very difficult based on imaging findings solely. (radiopaedia.org)
  • She underwent appendicectomy and unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.Histopathology revealed signet ring cell carcinoma and a right hemicolectomy was done. (wjgnet.com)
  • Moreover, primary signet ring cell carcinomaof the appendix is an exceedingly rare entity. (wjgnet.com)
  • In the present report, we describe a rare case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the appendix with ovarian metastasesand unresectable peritoneal dissemination occurring in a 45-year-old female patient. (wjgnet.com)
  • Cancer of the Appendix (also known as appendiceal cancer) occurs when cells in the appendix become abnormal and multiply without control. (cancerindex.org)
  • About two thirds of appendix tumours are carcinoid tumours which develop in hormone-producing cells that are present in many parts of the body, including the appendix. (cancerindex.org)
  • One study suggests that when signet-ring cells are found in a breast tumor, the presence of gastric cancer should also be considered. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the future, case studies indicate that bone marrow metastases will likely play a larger role in the diagnosis and management of signet ring cell gastric cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lung signet ring cell carcinoma (LSRCC) is a very rare type of lung cancer, the clinical characteristics, and prognosis of which remain to be clarified. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. (autopsyandcasereports.org)
  • Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a superficial signet ring cell carcinoma (early cancer) associated with multiple granulomas. (nih.gov)
  • Stem Cells and Cancer. (iiarjournals.org)
  • They named a cancer after it because of the way the cell is misshaped. (theimperfectblog.com)
  • Carcinoma cervix is not the only cancer caused by HPV. (cytojournal.com)
  • Staging of non-small-cell lung cancer with integrated positron-emission tomography and computed tomography. (koreamed.org)
  • On the other hand, in diffuse type gastric cancer, changes in the surface of the mucosa are not clearly seen, and precancerous lesions are not easily identified like adenomas because cancer cells that are small enough to be invisible penetrate the stomach wall and grow under the mucous membrane. (justia.com)
  • In HNPCC, a mutation that inactivates an MMR gene leads to the accumulation of cell mutations and greatly increases the likelihood of malignant transformation and cancer. (medscape.com)
  • This study investigated the correlations between aberrant expression of mucins in gastric carcinoma and patient clinicopathological features. (bmj.com)
  • The expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC5AC, and MUC6 was investigated immunohistochemically in gastric carcinoma (n = 46) in relation to patient clinicopathological features. (bmj.com)
  • The patient had recently been diagnosed with signet-ring-cell carcinoma of the stomach with evidence of metastasis to the lung and peritoneum and multiple thoracic and abdominal lymph nodes. (cdc.gov)
  • The large cell carcinoma class has been enriched with several variants, including the LCNEC and the basaloid carcinoma, both with a dismal prognosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • CT appearances can be indistinguishable from primary ovarian carcinoma 2 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The sensitivity of 18F-FDG-PET/CT for a primary tumor with signet ring cell carcinoma was lower than that of 18F-FDG-PET/CT for a primary tumor with non-signet ring cell carcinoma (35.3% vs. 73.8%, P (koreamed.org)
  • The great majority of Krukenberg tumors are signet ring cell carcinomas arising in the stomach. (radiopaedia.org)
  • 2000) Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma: Morphology, Immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis . (breast-cancer.ca)
  • After an endoscopic biopsy had revealed an ulcerated signet ring cell carcinoma, the patient was submitted to subtotal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection. (nih.gov)
  • Extracellular matrix plays a major role in cell communication, function, and differentiation, and therefore may play a role in disease development and pathophysiology. (mugen-noe.org)
  • Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is now recognized as a histologically high grade non small cell carcinoma showing histopathological features of neuroendocrine differentiation as well as immunohistochemical neuroendocrine markers. (ersjournals.com)
  • Lesion of the female vulva characterized by thinning of the epidermis and disappearance of rete pegs, hydropic degeneration of basal cells, superficial hyperkeratosis, dermal fibrosis with scant perivascular, mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate. (brainscape.com)
  • atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. (ersjournals.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated the histopathological and molecular findings in the gastrointestinal wall of a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with malignant duodenal gastrinoma and multiple gastric ECL cell tumors, who additionally developed a signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach. (tum.de)
  • The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic factors of oesophageal signet ring cell (SRC) carcinoma and to construct a nomogram for predicting the outcome of SRC carcinoma of oesophagus. (bvsalud.org)
  • A total of 968 cases of oesophageal SRC carcinoma were extracted from the Surveillance , Epidemiology , and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2016. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2001) Loss of E-cadherin is the fundamental defect in diffuse-type gastric carcinoma and infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the breast . (breast-cancer.ca)
  • Vimentin is a developmentally regulated intermediate filament protein (IFP) found in cells of mesenchymal origin. (thermofisher.com)
  • Solitary tumors of the uterus which arise de novo from the mesenchymal cells of the myometrium. (brainscape.com)
  • Red, scaly plaque, microscopically characterized by the spread of malignant cells within the epithelium, occasionally with invasion of underlying dermis. (brainscape.com)
  • The granulomas, which were observed within the mucosa and the submucosa at the periphery of the carcinoma, were composed of CD68-positive, CD15-negative epithelioid and giant cells of the Langhans type, confirming their true histiocytic nature, and were also extensively found within the dissected lymph nodes. (nih.gov)
  • RESULTS: Immunohistochemical studies of gastric ECL cell tumors showed a largely diminished E-cadherin expression in comparison to gastric surface mucosa cells and a loss of E-cadherin expression in the cells of the signet-ring carcinoma. (tum.de)
  • CONCLUSION: Our immunohistochemical studies might suggest that the gastrinoma-associated excessive progastrin tissue concentrations led to diminished expression of E-cadherin within the gastric mucosa and promoted tumor development of a signet-ring cell carcinoma. (tum.de)
  • Hereby, we report a rare case of signet ring cell carcinoma arising in the rectal stump in an already diagnosed and operated patient of Ulcerative colitis. (autopsyandcasereports.org)
  • Carcinogenic hypergastrinemia: signet-ring cell carcinoma in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with Zollinger-Ellison's syndrome. (tum.de)
  • Some cases are inherited, and these cases are often caused by mutations in the CDH1 gene, which encodes the important cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein E-cadherin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell adhesion and gap junction proteins, such as integrins and connexins, are also important for mobile communication and behavior, and can interact directly (integrins) or indirectly (connexins) with the extracellular matrix. (mugen-noe.org)
  • N. den Elzen, C. V. Buttery, M. P. Maddugoda, G. Ren and A. S. Yap, "Cadherin Adhesion Receptors Orient the Mitotic Spindle during Symmetric Cell Division in Mammalian Epithelia," Molecular Biology of the Cell, Vol. 20, No. 16, 2009, pp. 3740-3750. (scirp.org)
  • These findings may be linked to reports that MUC1 plays an important role in the impairment of cell-cell adhesion, the immune response, and/or altered intracellular signalling. (bmj.com)
  • SRCCs are dedifferentiated adenocarcinomas that lose the capability for cell-cell interaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Western blotting is an important technique used in cell and molecular biology. (delos.info)
  • Biology of Stem Cells and the Molecular Basis of the Stem State. (iiarjournals.org)